Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Laughter

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑い (わらい)' means 'laughter'. It refers to the act or sound of laughing. This word is commonly used in contexts involving humor, joy, or amusement. For example: Her laughter is contagious「彼女の笑いは伝染する」(かのじょのわらいでんせんする). The room was filled with laughter「部屋は笑いでいっぱいだった」(へやはわらいでいっぱいだった). '笑い' can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '笑いを取る (わらいをとる)', which means 'to get laughs' or 'to amuse others'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1265

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Believe

Reading

Kanji

信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verb '信じる (しんじる)' means 'to believe'. It is used to express trust, faith, or confidence in someone or something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as believing in a person, an idea, or a concept. For example: I believe in you「あなたを信じる」(あなたをしんじる). He believes in ghosts「彼は幽霊を信じる」(かれはゆうれいをしんじる). It can also be used to express belief in abstract concepts, such as believing in love「愛を信じる」(あいをしんじる). The verb is often used in both positive and negative forms, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1268

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gather

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese verb '集まる (あつまる)' means 'to gather' or 'to come together'. It is used to describe people, animals, or things coming together in one place. This verb is often used in contexts where a group of people or things assemble for a specific purpose or event. For example: Many people gathered at the park「たくさんの人が公園に集まった」(たくさんのひとがこうえんにあつまった). The birds gathered on the tree「鳥たちが木に集まった」(とりたちがきにあつまった). It can also be used metaphorically, such as when ideas or data come together. For instance: The data gathered here is very useful「ここに集まったデータはとても役に立つ」(ここにあつまったデータはとてもやくにたつ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1273

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Properly

Reading

Kanji

宜Right, Best regards

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '宜しく (よろしく)' is a versatile word often used to convey a sense of proper handling, goodwill, or politeness. It can be used in various contexts, such as when asking someone to take care of something, expressing gratitude, or setting the tone for a relationship. For example: please take care of me「宜しくお願いします」(よろしくおねがいします). Please treat me well「宜しくお願いします」(よろしくおねがいします). It's important to note that this word is often used in formal or semi-formal situations, and its meaning can vary depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1278

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後ろ (うしろ)' means 'back' and refers to the rear or behind something. It is commonly used to describe the position or direction of something relative to another object or person. For example: The book is behind the chair「本は椅子の後ろにある」(ほんはいすのうしろにある). She stood behind me「彼女は私の後ろに立っていた」(かのじょはわたしのうしろにたっていた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something hidden or not immediately visible, such as 'the truth behind the story'「物語の後ろにある真実」(ものがたりのうしろにあるしんじつ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1281

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

And

Reading

Kanji

且Moreover, Also

Explanation

The Japanese conjunction '且つ (かつ)' is used to connect two statements or ideas, similar to the English 'and'. However, it is more formal and often used in written language or formal speech. It emphasizes that both connected elements are true or applicable. For example: He is intelligent and diligent「彼は賢く且つ勤勉だ」(かれはかしこくかつきんべんだ). This method is effective and safe「この方法は効果的且つ安全だ」(このほうほうはこうかてきかつあんぜんだ). Note that '且つ' is less common in casual conversation, where 'そして' or 'そして' might be used instead.

Part Of Speech

conjunction

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1291

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make

Reading

Kanji

作Make

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作り (つくり)' refers to the act of making, creating, or constructing something. It can also denote the structure, build, or composition of an object. This word is often used in contexts related to craftsmanship, manufacturing, or the inherent design of something. For example: the make of this car is excellent「この車の作りは素晴らしい」(このくるまのつくりはすばらしい). The structure of this building is unique「この建物の作りは独特だ」(このたてもののつくりはどくとくだ). Additionally, '作り' can be used metaphorically to describe the nature or character of a person, as in '彼の作りは頑丈だ (かれのつくりはがんじょうだ) (His build is sturdy).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1296

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smell

Reading

Kanji

匂Fragrance, Scent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '匂い (におい)' refers to a 'smell' or 'scent'. It can describe both pleasant and unpleasant odors, depending on the context. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about the scent of food, flowers, or even people. For example: The smell of flowers is nice「花の匂いがいい」(はなのにおいがいい). There's a strange smell in this room「この部屋は変な匂いがする」(このへやはへんなにおいがする). The nuance of '匂い' can sometimes imply a subtle or faint scent, as opposed to a strong or overpowering odor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1299

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Go out

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出掛ける (でかける)' means 'to go out' or 'to leave'. It is used to describe the action of departing from one's current location, often for a specific purpose or activity. This verb is commonly used in casual conversation and can refer to going out for errands, leisure, or other reasons. For example: I will go out to buy something 「買い物に出掛けます」 (かいものにでかけます). He is going out for a walk 「彼は散歩に出掛けています」 (かれはさんぽにでかけています). Note that '出掛ける' often implies a specific destination or purpose, unlike more general verbs like '行く (いく)' (to go).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1302

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gaze

Reading

Kanji

眺Stare, Look out over

Explanation

The Japanese verb '眺める (ながめる)' means 'to gaze' or 'to look at something for a long time, often with a sense of contemplation or admiration'. It is used when someone is looking at something thoughtfully, such as a view, scenery, or an object. For example: I gazed at the beautiful sunset「美しい夕日を眺めた」(うつくしいゆうひをながめた). She gazed at the painting for a long time「彼女はその絵を長い間眺めていた」(かのじょはそのえをながいあいだながめていた). This verb often carries a nuance of taking time to appreciate or reflect on what is being observed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1306

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Kanji

医Doctor 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お医者さん (おいしゃさん)' means 'doctor'. It is a polite and respectful term used to refer to a medical doctor or physician. The prefix 'お' adds politeness, and 'さん' is an honorific suffix, making the term more formal and respectful. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to doctors. For example: I went to the doctor「お医者さんに行きました」(おいしゃさんにいきました). The doctor is kind「お医者さんは優しいです」(おいしゃさんはやさしいです). It is important to note that 'お医者さん' is more commonly used in spoken language, while '医者 (いしゃ)' is a more neutral term that can be used in both spoken and written contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1312

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stretch, Apply

Reading

Kanji

張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '張る (はる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch' or 'to extend', often used when describing something being pulled tight or spread out. For example: stretch the canvas「キャンバスを張る」(キャンバスをはる). The second meaning is 'to apply' or 'to attach', commonly used when sticking or affixing something onto a surface. For example: apply a sticker「シールを張る」(シールをはる). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as physical actions or metaphorical extensions. Note that '張る' can also imply tension or effort, as in 'to strain' or 'to exert' in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Girl

Reading

Kanji

女Woman 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女の子 (おんなのこ)' means 'girl'. It is used to refer to a young female, typically a child or teenager. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation and is neutral in tone. For example: The girl is reading a book「女の子は本を読んでいる」(おんなのこはほんをよんでいる). I saw a girl at the park「公園で女の子を見た」(こうえんでおんなのこをみた). The word can also be used to describe a young woman in a casual or affectionate manner, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1321

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Include

Reading

Kanji

含Contain, Include

Explanation

The Japanese verb '含める (ふくめる)' means 'to include'. It is used when something is being added or considered as part of a whole. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as including items in a list, considering factors in a decision, or incorporating elements in a plan. For example: Please include this in the report「これをレポートに含めてください」(これをレポートにふくめてください). The price includes tax「その価格には税金が含まれている」(そのかかくにはぜいきんがふくまれている). Note that '含める' often implies that the inclusion is deliberate or intentional.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1322

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drunk

Reading

Kanji

酔Drunk 払Pay, Drive away

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酔っ払い (よっぱらい)' refers to a person who is drunk or intoxicated. It is often used in a casual or slightly humorous context to describe someone who has consumed too much alcohol. For example: That drunk is sleeping on the bench「あの酔っ払いはベンチで寝ている」(あのよっぱらいはベンチでねている). I saw a drunk walking unsteadily「酔っ払いがふらふら歩いているのを見た」(よっぱらいがふらふらあるいているのをみた). The term can carry a slightly negative connotation, depending on the context, but it is generally not overly harsh.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drunk

Reading

Kanji

酔Drunk 払Pay, Drive away

Explanation

The Japanese verb '酔っ払う (よっぱらう)' means 'to get drunk' or 'to be drunk'. It is commonly used to describe someone who has consumed alcohol to the point of intoxication. This verb is informal and often used in casual conversations. For example: He got drunk at the party「彼はパーティーで酔っ払った」(かれはパーティーでよっぱらった). I don't want to get drunk tonight「今夜は酔っ払いたくない」(こんやはよっぱらいたくない). The verb can also imply a state of being heavily intoxicated, not just the act of becoming drunk.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1331

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aim

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese verb '目指す (めざす)' means 'to aim' or 'to strive for'. It is used when someone is working towards a specific goal or target. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as career goals, personal achievements, or physical destinations. For example: I aim to become a doctor「医者を目指しています」(いしゃをめざしています). He is aiming for the top of the mountain「彼は山の頂上を目指している」(かれはやまのちょうじょうをめざしている). The nuance of '目指す' implies a deliberate and focused effort towards achieving something significant.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1332

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flow

Reading

Kanji

流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '流れ (ながれ)' primarily means 'flow'. It is used to describe the movement of liquids, such as water in a river, or the progression of events, time, or trends. For example: the flow of the river is fast「川の流れが速い」(かわのながれがはやい). The flow of time is unstoppable「時間の流れは止められない」(じかんのながれはとめられない). Additionally, '流れ' can also refer to the general direction or course of something, such as the flow of a conversation or the flow of a story. For example: the flow of the conversation changed「会話の流れが変わった」(かいわのながれがかわった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1341

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Love

Reading

Kanji

愛Love

Explanation

The Japanese verb '愛する (あいする)' means 'to love'. It is used to express deep affection, care, or romantic love for someone or something. This verb is more formal and profound compared to '好き (すき)', which is used for general likes or preferences. For example: I love my family「私は家族を愛する」(わたしはかぞくをあいする). He loves nature「彼は自然を愛する」(かれはしぜんをあいする). The verb can also be used in abstract contexts, such as loving an idea or a concept. It is important to note that '愛する' is often used in serious or heartfelt contexts, making it less common in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1347

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hide

Reading

Kanji

隠Hide

Explanation

The Japanese verb '隠す (かくす)' means 'to hide'. It is used when someone conceals something from view or keeps something secret. This verb can be applied to physical objects, emotions, or information. For example: she hid her feelings「彼女は気持ちを隠した」(かのじょはきもちをかくした). He hid the key under the mat「彼はマットの下に鍵を隠した」(かれはまっとのしたにかぎをかくした). The nuance of '隠す' often implies an intentional act of concealment, whether for protection, privacy, or deception.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1351

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gather, Collect

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese verb '集める (あつめる)' primarily means 'to gather' or 'to collect'. It is used when bringing things or people together in one place. For example: I gathered information「情報を集めた」(じょうほうをあつめた). She collects stamps「彼女は切手を集める」(かのじょはきってをあつめる). The verb can also be used in abstract contexts, such as gathering attention or collecting ideas. Note that the nuance of 'gather' often implies bringing scattered items together, while 'collect' implies a more deliberate accumulation of items over time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1354

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eat

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese verb '食う (くう)' means 'to eat'. It is a more casual and sometimes rough way of saying 'to eat' compared to the more polite '食べる (たべる)'. This verb is often used in informal settings or among close friends. It can also imply a sense of greediness or voracity when eating. For example: He ate all the food「彼は全部食った」(かれはぜんぶくった). I ate too much「食いすぎた」(くいすぎた). Note that while '食う' can be used to describe animals eating, it is less commonly used in polite or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1355

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fly, Jump

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛ぶ (とぶ)' primarily means 'to fly', referring to the action of moving through the air, such as birds or airplanes. For example: The bird is flying「鳥が飛んでいる」(とりがとんでいる). Additionally, it can also mean 'to jump' or 'to leap', often used in contexts where someone or something moves quickly or suddenly from one place to another. For example: He jumped over the fence「彼はフェンスを飛び越えた」(かれはフェンスをとびこえた). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, such as 'to skip' (e.g., skipping steps or pages).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1361

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bright, Cheerful

Reading

Kanji

明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '明るい (あかるい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'bright', referring to something that emits or reflects a lot of light, such as a room or a light source. For example: The room is bright「部屋は明るい」(へやはあかるい). The second meaning is 'cheerful', describing a person's personality or mood as lively and optimistic. For example: She is cheerful「彼女は明るい」(かのじょはあかるい). These meanings are distinct but share a common theme of positivity and light. The word can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or atmospheres that are uplifting or optimistic.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1380

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Kanji

漸Gradually, Steadily

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '漸く (ようやく)' means 'finally' or 'at last'. It is used to express relief or satisfaction after a long wait or effort. It often conveys a sense of something being achieved after difficulty or delay. For example: I finally finished my homework「漸く宿題が終わった」(ようやくしゅくだいがおわった). The train finally arrived「漸く電車が来た」(ようやくでんしゃがきた). This word can also imply a sense of gradual progress, as in '漸く春が来た (ようやくはるがきた) (Spring has finally come).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1381

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Procedure

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手続き (てつづき)' means 'procedure'. It refers to a series of actions or steps taken to achieve a particular result, often in an official or formal context. This word is commonly used in administrative, legal, or bureaucratic settings. For example: Please complete the procedure「手続きを完了してください」(てつづきをかんりょうしてください). The immigration procedure is complicated「入国の手続きは複雑です」(にゅうこくのてつづきはふくざつです). It can also refer to the process of following rules or guidelines, as in 'the procedure for applying for a visa' (ビザの申請手続き).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1388

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shout

Reading

Kanji

叫Shout

Explanation

The Japanese verb '叫ぶ (さけぶ)' means 'to shout' or 'to yell'. It is used to describe the act of raising one's voice loudly, often to express strong emotions such as anger, excitement, or pain. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe a strong or urgent appeal. For example: He shouted in anger「彼は怒って叫んだ」(かれはおこってさけんだ). The crowd shouted for help「群衆は助けを求めて叫んだ」(ぐんしゅうはたすけをもとめてさけんだ). The word can also be used in literary or dramatic contexts to convey intense emotion or urgency.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1393

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Painful

Reading

Kanji

痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '痛い (いたい)' means 'painful'. It is used to describe physical pain, such as from an injury or illness, but can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional pain or embarrassment. For example: my head hurts「頭が痛い」(あたまがいたい). That comment was painful to hear「そのコメントは聞いていて痛かった」(そのコメントはきいていていたかった). Note that '痛い' can also be used colloquially to describe something that is cringeworthy or awkward, as in '痛い人 (いたいひと) (cringey person)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1394

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Kanji

逃Escape

Explanation

The Japanese verb '逃げる (にげる)' means 'to escape' or 'to run away'. It is used to describe the action of fleeing from a place, situation, or person, often to avoid danger, responsibility, or confrontation. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he escaped from the prison「彼は刑務所から逃げた」(かれはけいむしょからにげた). She ran away from her problems「彼女は問題から逃げた」(かのじょはもんだいからにげた). Note that '逃げる' can also imply a sense of cowardice or avoidance, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1397

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remove, Surpass

Reading

Kanji

抜Pluck, Extract

Explanation

The Japanese verb '抜く (ぬく)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to remove' or 'to extract', often used when taking something out of a place or situation. For example: I removed the cork from the bottle「瓶の栓を抜いた」(びんのせんをぬいた). The second meaning is 'to surpass' or 'to outdo', used when someone or something exceeds others in ability or performance. For example: He surpassed everyone in the race「彼はレースで皆を抜いた」(かれはレースでみんなをぬいた). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on context. It can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '気を抜く (きをぬく)', which means 'to let one's guard down'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1401

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Other side, Beyond

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '向こう (むこう)' primarily means 'beyond' or 'the other side'. It is used to refer to a place or area that is on the opposite side of a certain point, often implying a sense of distance or separation. For example: The town beyond the river「川の向こうの町」(かわのむこうのまち). The other side of the mountain「山の向こう」(やまのむこう). It can also be used metaphorically to refer to something that is beyond one's current understanding or reach, such as 'beyond my imagination'「私の想像の向こう」(わたしのそうぞうのむこう). This word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1408

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drop

Reading

Kanji

落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '落とす (おとす)' primarily means 'to drop' or 'to let something fall'. It is used when something is intentionally or accidentally dropped from a higher position to a lower one. This verb can also imply losing something valuable or failing to retain something. For example: I dropped my phone「携帯を落とした」(けいたいをおとした). He dropped the ball during the game「彼は試合中にボールを落とした」(かれはしあいちゅうにボールをおとした). Additionally, '落とす' can be used metaphorically, such as in the context of failing an exam: She failed the test「彼女はテストを落とした」(かのじょはテストをおとした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1415

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Red

Reading

Kanji

赤Red

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '赤い (あかい)' means 'red'. It is used to describe objects, colors, or anything that has a red hue. This adjective is commonly used in everyday conversation and can describe both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: the apple is red「そのリンゴは赤い」(そのリンゴはあかい). The sunset is red「夕日が赤い」(ゆうひがあかい). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in '赤い糸 (あかいいと)', which refers to the 'red thread of fate' connecting two people destined to meet. Note that '赤い' is the adjective form, while '赤 (あか)' is the noun form meaning 'red'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1416

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Very

Reading

Kanji

非Mistake, Negative 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '非常に (ひじょうに)' means 'very' or 'extremely'. It is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of something. This word is formal and is often used in written language or formal speech. For example: This is very important「これは非常に重要です」(これはひじょうにじゅうようです). The weather is extremely hot today「今日は非常に暑いです」(きょうはひじょうにあついです). It can also be used to describe emotions or states, such as '非常に嬉しい (ひじょうにうれしい)' (very happy). Note that '非常に' is more formal than other similar adverbs like 'とても' or 'すごく'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1422

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neighbor

Reading

Kanji

隣Neighbor, Neighbouring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '隣り (となり)' refers to something or someone that is adjacent or next to another. It is commonly used to describe the immediate proximity of people, places, or objects. For example: The house next door is quiet「隣りの家は静かです」(となりいえはしずかです). My neighbor is kind「私の隣り人は親切です」(わたしのとなりひとはしんせつです). This word can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe something that is closely related or connected in some way. For instance: The next topic is related「隣りの話題は関連しています」(となりわだいはかんれんしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1427

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Live

Reading

Kanji

暮Livelihood

Explanation

The Japanese verb '暮らす (くらす)' means 'to live' or 'to lead a life'. It refers to the act of living one's daily life, often implying a sense of routine or lifestyle. This verb can be used to describe how someone lives, their living conditions, or their way of life. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は東京で暮らしています」(わたしはとうきょうでくらしています). They live a simple life「彼らは質素に暮らしている」(かれらはしっそにくらしている). The verb can also imply a sense of time passing, as in 'to spend one's days'. It is often used in contexts related to daily life, such as living arrangements, lifestyle choices, or the passage of time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1428

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Descend

Reading

Kanji

降Descend, Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '降りる (おりる)' primarily means 'to descend' or 'to get off'. It is commonly used when referring to getting off a vehicle, such as a train or bus, or descending from a higher place like a mountain or stairs. For example: I will get off at the next station「次の駅で降ります」(つぎのえきでおります). He descended the mountain「彼は山を降りた」(かれはやまをおりた). Additionally, it can be used metaphorically, such as stepping down from a position or role. For example: The CEO decided to step down「社長は降りることに決めた」(しゃちょうはおりることにきめた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1433

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verb '連れて行く (つれていく)' means 'to take (someone) along'. This verb is used when you are taking someone with you to a place. It implies that you are leading or accompanying someone to a destination. For example: I will take my sister to the park「妹を公園に連れて行く」(いもうとをこうえんにつれていく). He took his dog to the vet「彼は犬を獣医に連れて行った」(かれはいぬをじゅういにつれていった). The verb is often used in contexts where you are responsible for someone or something being brought to a specific location.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1437

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fulfill

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '果たす (はたす)' means 'to fulfill' or 'to accomplish'. It is used to describe the completion or achievement of a task, duty, or promise. This verb often carries a sense of finality or the successful conclusion of something significant. For example: He fulfilled his duty「彼は義務を果たした」(かれはぎむをはたした). We accomplished our mission「私たちは使命を果たした」(わたしたちはしめいをはたした). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as fulfilling a role or purpose. For instance: This technology fulfills an important role「この技術は重要な役割を果たす」(このぎじゅつはじゅうようなやくわりをはたす).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1438

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bring

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese verb '連れて来る (つれてくる)' means 'to bring someone along'. It is used when someone is bringing another person to a place. The verb is a combination of '連れる (つれる)', meaning 'to take along', and '来る (くる)', meaning 'to come'. This verb is often used in social contexts, such as bringing a friend to a party or a family member to an event. For example: I will bring my friend to the party「友達をパーティーに連れて来る」(ともだちをパーティーにつれてくる). She brought her sister to the meeting「彼女は妹を会議に連れて来た」(かのじょはいもうとをかいぎにつれてきた). Note that the verb implies the act of bringing someone to the speaker's location or a specified destination.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1439

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Record

Reading

Kanji

記Record

Explanation

The Japanese verb '記す (しるす)' means 'to record' or 'to write down'. It is used to describe the act of documenting or noting something in writing, often for the purpose of preserving information. This verb is commonly used in formal or literary contexts. For example: He recorded the event in his diary「彼はその出来事を日記に記した」(かれはそのできごとをにっきにしるした). The scientist noted the results of the experiment「科学者は実験の結果を記した」(かがくしゃはじっけんのけっかをしるした). The verb can also imply a sense of importance or permanence in the act of recording.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1444

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give birth

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生む (うむ)' primarily means 'to give birth'. It is used to describe the act of bearing or producing offspring, whether in humans, animals, or even plants. For example: The cat gave birth to kittens 「猫が子猫を生んだ」 (ねこがこねこをうんだ). However, '生む' can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to produce' or 'to create' something, such as an idea or result. For example: This effort will produce good results 「この努力は良い結果を生むだろう」 (このどりょくはよいけっかをうむだろう). Note that the verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1447

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Question, Ask

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese verb '問う (とう)' primarily means 'to ask' or 'to question'. It is used when someone is seeking information or clarification, often in a formal or serious context. This verb can also imply a deeper inquiry or examination, such as questioning the validity or truth of something. For example: The lawyer asked the witness「弁護士は証人に問うた」(べんごしはしょうにんにとうた). We must question the meaning of life「人生の意味を問わなければならない」(じんせいのいみをとうなければならない). Note that '問う' is more formal and less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '聞く (きく)', which also means 'to ask'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1449

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Kanji

静Quiet

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '静か (しずか)' means 'quiet'. It is used to describe a state of calmness, silence, or lack of noise. This word can be applied to environments, situations, or even people. For example: the library is quiet「図書館は静かです」(としょかんはしずかです). Please be quiet「静かにしてください」(しずかにしてください). It can also describe a peaceful atmosphere, such as in: the park was quiet and peaceful「公園は静かで平和だった」(こうえんはしずかでへいわだった). Note that '静か' is often used in its adverbial form '静かに (しずかに)' to describe actions done quietly or calmly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1451

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Short

Reading

Kanji

短Short

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '短い (みじかい)' means 'short'. It is used to describe something that has a relatively small length or duration. This can apply to physical objects, time periods, or even abstract concepts like attention spans. For example: the pencil is short「その鉛筆は短い」(そのえんぴつはみじかい). The meeting was short「会議は短かった」(かいぎはみじかかった). It can also describe something brief or concise, such as a short story「短い物語」(みじかいものがたり). Note that '短い' is often used to modify nouns directly, as in '短いスカート (みじかいスカート) (short skirt)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1452

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '止まる (とまる)' means 'to stop'. It is used to describe the action of something ceasing movement or activity. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as vehicles, people, or even natural phenomena. For example: the bus stopped「バスが止まった」(バスがとまった). The rain stopped「雨が止まった」(あめがとまった). Additionally, '止まる' can also imply a temporary pause, as in 'the clock stopped「時計が止まった」(とけいがとまった)'. It is important to note that '止まる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1463

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return, Repeat

Reading

Kanji

返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '返す (かえす)' primarily means 'to return' something to its original place or owner. It can also mean 'to repeat' an action, such as repeating a question or a gesture. For example: I will return the book tomorrow「本を明日返します」(ほんをあしたかえします). He repeated the question「彼は質問を返した」(かれはしつもんをかえした). The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, including returning physical objects, repeating actions, or even in abstract situations like returning a favor.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1466

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spend

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '過ごす (すごす)' means 'to spend' time or to pass time in a certain way. It is commonly used to describe how one spends their time, whether it's a day, a season, or a period of life. For example: I spent the summer in Hokkaido「夏を北海道で過ごした」(なつをほっかいどうですごした). We spent a pleasant evening together「楽しい夜を一緒に過ごした」(たのしいよるをいっしょにすごした). The verb can also imply the manner in which time is spent, such as leisurely or busily. It is a versatile verb that can be used in various contexts to describe the passage of time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1468

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chase

Reading

Kanji

追Follow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '追う (おう)' primarily means 'to chase' or 'to pursue'. It is used to describe the act of following someone or something with the intent to catch or reach them. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The police chased the thief「警察は泥棒を追った」(けいさつはどろぼうをおった). She is pursuing her dreams「彼女は夢を追っている」(かのじょはゆめをおっている). Additionally, '追う' can also mean 'to follow' in the sense of tracking or monitoring, such as following a story or event: The reporter followed the story closely「記者はその事件を追った」(きしゃはそのじけんをおった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1470

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Handle

Reading

Kanji

扱Handle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '扱う (あつかう)' primarily means 'to handle' or 'to deal with'. It is used in various contexts to describe the act of managing, treating, or dealing with something or someone. This can refer to physical handling of objects, managing tasks or responsibilities, or dealing with people in a certain manner. For example: She handles the documents carefully「彼女は書類を丁寧に扱う」(かのじょはしょるいをていねいにあつかう). This store deals with rare books「この店は珍しい本を扱う」(このみせはめずらしいほんをあつかう). The verb can also imply the way something is treated or regarded, such as in a professional or social context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1476

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assemble

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '組み立てる (くみたてる)' means 'to assemble'. It is used when putting together parts or components to form a complete structure or object. This verb is commonly used in contexts such as assembling furniture, machinery, or even abstract concepts like plans or ideas. For example: I assembled the bookshelf「本棚を組み立てた」(ほんだなをくみたてた). They are assembling a new team「新しいチームを組み立てている」(あたらしいチームをくみたてている). The verb emphasizes the process of constructing or organizing something from individual parts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1479

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sleep

Reading

Kanji

眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese verb '眠る (ねむる)' means 'to sleep'. It is used to describe the act of being in a state of rest where consciousness is suspended. This verb is often used in contexts where someone is sleeping deeply or peacefully. For example: I slept well last night「昨夜はよく眠った」(さくやはよくねむった). The baby is sleeping「赤ちゃんが眠っている」(あかちゃんがねむっている). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is dormant or inactive, such as '眠っている才能 (ねむっているさいのう)' (dormant talent).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1482

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reach

Reading

Kanji

及Reach, Extend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '及ぶ (およぶ)' primarily means 'to reach' or 'to extend to'. It is often used to describe something that extends to a certain point, level, or degree. This verb can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: The damage reached the entire city「被害は全市に及んだ」(ひがいぜんしにおよんだ). His influence extends to many fields「彼の影響は多くの分野に及ぶ」(かれのえいきょうはおおくのぶんやにおよぶ). Additionally, '及ぶ' can also imply 'to amount to' or 'to come to' in certain contexts, such as in the phrase '及ばずながら' (およばずながら), which means 'though it may not be enough'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1484

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Angry

Reading

Kanji

怒Anger, Angry

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怒る (おこる)' means 'to be angry' or 'to get angry'. It is used to describe the emotional state of anger or irritation. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as when someone is upset with another person's actions or behavior. For example: he got angry at me「彼は私に怒った」(かれはわたしにおこった). Don't get angry「怒らないで」(おこらないで). It's important to note that '怒る' can also imply a sense of scolding or reprimanding someone, as in '彼は子供に怒った (かれはこどもにおこった) (he scolded the child)'. The nuance can vary depending on the context, but the core meaning revolves around anger or irritation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1504

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Require, Summarize

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese verb '要する (ようする)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to require' or 'to need', often used to indicate necessity. For example: This task requires patience「この仕事は忍耐を要する」(このしごとはにんたいをようする). The second meaning is 'to summarize' or 'to conclude', used when condensing information into a concise form. For example: To summarize, we need more time「要するにもっと時間が必要だ」(ようするにもっとじかんがひつようだ). The verb is formal and often used in written or professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1516

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tie, Connect

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese verb '結ぶ (むすぶ)' has two primary meanings: 'to tie' and 'to connect'. When used in the sense of 'to tie', it refers to physically binding or fastening something, such as tying a knot or a ribbon. For example: I tied my shoelaces「靴ひもを結んだ」(くつひもをむすんだ). In the sense of 'to connect', it can refer to forming a relationship, linking ideas, or establishing a bond. For example: The bridge connects the two cities「その橋は二つの都市を結ぶ」(そのはしはふたつのとしをむすぶ). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1520

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dark, Gloomy

Reading

Kanji

暗Darkness

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '暗い (くらい)' primarily means 'dark', referring to a lack of light. It can also mean 'gloomy', describing a somber or depressing atmosphere. For example: The room is dark「部屋が暗い」(へやがくらい). His mood is gloomy「彼の気分は暗い」(かれのきぶんはくらい). This word is often used to describe physical darkness, such as a dark room or night, as well as emotional states or situations that feel heavy or depressing. Note that the second meaning is distinct and unrelated to the first, as it refers to an emotional or atmospheric quality rather than a physical one.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1532

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Answer

Reading

Kanji

答Answer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '答え (こたえ)' means 'answer'. It is used to refer to a response to a question, problem, or situation. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: What is the answer?「答えは何ですか？」(こたえはなんですか？). I know the answer「答えを知っています」(こたえをしっています). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a solution or resolution to a problem. For instance: The answer to this problem is simple「この問題の答えは簡単です」(このもんだいのこたえはかんたんです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1533

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change, Transfer

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 換Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り換える (のりかえる)' primarily means 'to transfer' or 'to change' in the context of transportation. It is commonly used when switching from one mode of transportation to another, such as changing trains, buses, or planes. For example: I will transfer to the next train「次の電車に乗り換えます」(つぎのでんしゃにのりかえます). She changed buses at the station「彼女は駅でバスを乗り換えた」(かのじょはえきでバスをのりかえた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe changing something, such as switching jobs or changing one's approach to a situation. For instance: He changed his career path「彼はキャリアを乗り換えた」(かれはキャリアをのりかえた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1542

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slow, Late

Reading

Kanji

遅Slow, Late

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '遅い (おそい)' has two distinct meanings: 'slow' and 'late'. When used to mean 'slow', it describes something that takes a long time to move, happen, or be completed. For example: This train is slow「この電車は遅い」(このでんしゃはおそい). When used to mean 'late', it refers to something occurring after the expected or usual time. For example: I am late for the meeting「会議に遅い」(かいぎにおそい). The context in which '遅い' is used will determine whether it means 'slow' or 'late'. It is important to note that this adjective can describe both physical speed and timing, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1543

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transfer

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 換Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '乗り換え (のりかえ)' means 'transfer'. It is commonly used in the context of transportation, such as changing trains, buses, or other modes of transport. For example: I need to transfer at Shinjuku Station「新宿駅で乗り換えが必要です」(しんじゅくえきでのりかえがひつようです). The transfer point is on the third floor「乗り換えの場所は三階です」(のりかえのばしょはさんかいです). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe switching from one thing to another, such as changing jobs or switching topics in a conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1544

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change clothes

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear 替Replace, Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verb '着替える (きがえる)' means 'to change clothes'. It is used when someone changes their outfit, typically from one set of clothes to another. This verb is commonly used in daily life, such as when getting dressed in the morning, changing into work clothes, or switching to pajamas. For example: I will change clothes before going out「出かける前に着替えます」(でかけるまえにきがえます). She changed into a beautiful dress「彼女はきれいなドレスに着替えた」(かのじょはきれいなどれすにきがえた). Note that '着替える' is often used in contexts where the act of changing clothes is intentional and complete.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1547

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Measure, Plan

Reading

Kanji

図Map

Explanation

The Japanese verb '図る (はかる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to plan' or 'to attempt', often used when someone is trying to achieve a specific goal or outcome. For example: He planned to improve the company's performance「彼は会社の業績を改善しようと図った」(かれはかいしゃのぎょうせきをかいぜんしようとはかった). The second meaning is 'to measure', typically used in contexts involving physical measurement or calculation. For example: She measured the length of the table「彼女はテーブルの長さを図った」(かのじょはテーブルのながさをはかった). These two meanings are unrelated, so they are listed separately. The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1551

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break, Tear

Reading

Kanji

破Break, Tear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '破れる (やぶれる)' primarily means 'to tear' or 'to break'. It is used to describe something that has been physically torn, such as paper or fabric, or something that has broken, such as a relationship or a plan. For example: the paper tore「紙が破れた」(かみがやぶれた). Their relationship broke「彼らの関係が破れた」(かれらのかんけいがやぶれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe the failure or collapse of something, such as a plan or a dream. For example: the plan fell apart「計画が破れた」(けいかくがやぶれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1552

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Kanji

遂Consummate, Accomplish

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '遂に (ついに)' means 'finally' and is used to indicate that something has happened after a long wait or effort. It often carries a sense of culmination or achievement. For example: He finally arrived「彼は遂に到着した」(かれはついにとうちゃくした). The project is finally complete「そのプロジェクトは遂に完了した」(そのプロジェクトはついにかんりょうした). This word is typically used in contexts where there is a sense of relief or accomplishment after a long period of time or effort.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1553

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sing

Reading

Kanji

歌Song

Explanation

The Japanese verb '歌う (うたう)' means 'to sing'. It is used to describe the act of producing musical sounds with the voice, often in a structured and rhythmic manner. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as singing a song, performing in a concert, or even singing casually. For example: She sings beautifully「彼女は美しく歌う」(かのじょはうつくしくうたう). I will sing at the party「パーティーで歌う」(パーティーでうたう). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something that resembles singing, such as the sound of a bird. For example: The birds are singing in the morning「鳥が朝に歌っている」(とりがあさにうたっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1562

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Load, Trick

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗せる (のせる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to load' or 'to place something on top of something else', such as loading items onto a vehicle or placing food on a plate. For example: I loaded the boxes onto the truck「箱をトラックに乗せた」(はこをトラックにのせた). The second meaning is 'to trick' or 'to deceive someone', often used in contexts where someone is misled or taken advantage of. For example: He tricked me into buying it「彼は私を乗せてそれを買わせた」(かれはわたしをのせてそれをかわせた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as 'to include someone in a plan' or 'to let someone join in'. For example: Let's include him in the project「彼をプロジェクトに乗せよう」(かれをプロジェクトにのせよう).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1565

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Say

Reading

Kanji

申Report

Explanation

The Japanese verb '申す (もうす)' is a humble form of the verb '言う (いう)', meaning 'to say'. It is used when the speaker is referring to their own actions in a humble or polite manner, often in formal or respectful contexts. This verb is commonly used in business settings, formal introductions, or when speaking to someone of higher status. For example: I am called Tanaka「田中と申します」(たなかともうします). I would like to say something「一言申したいことがあります」(ひとこともうしたいことがあります). Note that '申す' is part of keigo (敬語), the Japanese honorific language system, and is used to show respect to the listener or the subject of the conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1578

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weak

Reading

Kanji

弱Weak

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '弱い (よわい)' means 'weak'. It is used to describe a lack of physical strength, emotional resilience, or even the intensity of something like light or flavor. For example: he is weak「彼は弱い」(かれはよわい). This tea is weak「このお茶は弱い」(このおちゃはよわい). It can also describe vulnerability or susceptibility, as in 'weak to colds'「風邪に弱い」(かぜによわい). The adjective is versatile and can be applied to both tangible and intangible concepts.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1579

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Depth

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese noun '深さ (ふかさ)' means 'depth'. It refers to the measurement of how deep something is, whether it's a physical object like a pool or an abstract concept like emotions. For example: the depth of the ocean「海の深さ」(うみのふかさ). The depth of his feelings「彼の感情の深さ」(かれのかんじょうのふかさ). This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts to describe the extent or intensity of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1581

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Support

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support

Explanation

The Japanese verb '支える (ささえる)' means 'to support'. It is used to describe the act of providing physical, emotional, or financial support to someone or something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as supporting a family, holding up a structure, or backing up an idea. For example: I support my family「私は家族を支える」(わたしはかぞくをささえる). The pillars support the building「柱が建物を支えている」(はしらがたてものをささえている). It can also imply sustaining or maintaining something, as in '支える力 (ささえるちから) (supporting force)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1582

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Silent

Reading

Kanji

黙Silent, Shut up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '黙る (だまる)' means 'to be silent' or 'to stop talking'. It is used when someone chooses not to speak or stops speaking, often in response to a situation or request. This verb can imply a deliberate choice to remain quiet, sometimes out of defiance, contemplation, or simply because there is nothing to say. For example: He remained silent during the meeting「彼は会議中黙っていた」(かれはかいぎちゅうだまっていた). Please be quiet for a moment「ちょっと黙ってください」(ちょっとだまってください). The verb can also carry a nuance of stubbornness or refusal to engage in conversation, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1586

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Longtime

Reading

Kanji

久Long time

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '久しぶり (ひさしぶり)' is used to express that something is happening after a long time or that it has been a while since something last occurred. It often conveys a sense of nostalgia or excitement about re-engaging with something familiar. For example: It's been a long time since I saw you「久しぶりに会いました」(ひさしぶりにあいました). It's been a while since I ate sushi「久しぶりに寿司を食べました」(ひさしぶりにすしをたべました). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can also stand alone as an exclamation, such as '久しぶり！' to mean 'Long time no see!' or 'It's been a while!'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け取る (うけとる)' primarily means 'to receive'. It is used when someone accepts or takes something that is given, handed, or sent to them. This verb can be used for both physical objects and abstract concepts like messages or feelings. For example: I received a letter「手紙を受け取った」(てがみをうけとった). She received his feelings「彼女は彼の気持ちを受け取った」(かのじょはかれのきもちをうけとった). It is important to note that '受け取る' often implies an active acceptance or understanding of what is being received, rather than just passively getting something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1599

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cool

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷える (ひえる)' means 'to cool' or 'to become cold'. It is often used to describe a decrease in temperature, either literally or metaphorically. For example: the beer has cooled「ビールが冷えた」(びーるがひえた). My body feels cold「体が冷える」(からだがひえる). This verb can also be used to describe a cooling of emotions or relationships, such as 'their relationship has cooled down'「彼らの関係は冷えた」(かれらのかんけいはひえた). Note that '冷える' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express the action of cooling something else, the transitive verb '冷やす (ひやす)' is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1600

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carry, Have

Reading

Kanji

抱Hug, Embrace

Explanation

The Japanese verb '抱える (かかえる)' can mean 'to carry' or 'to have'. When used to mean 'to carry', it often implies carrying something in one's arms or hands, such as a large object or a burden. For example: he is carrying a big box「彼は大きな箱を抱えている」(かれはおおきなはこをかかえている). When used to mean 'to have', it often refers to having a problem, responsibility, or something that weighs on one's mind. For example: she has a lot of problems「彼女は多くの問題を抱えている」(かのじょはおおくのもんだいをかかえている). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe carrying emotional burdens or responsibilities.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1601

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Freeze

Reading

Kanji

凍Freeze, Frozen

Explanation

The Japanese verb '凍る (こおる)' means 'to freeze'. It is used to describe the process of a liquid turning into a solid due to cold temperatures. This verb can be used for both natural phenomena and man-made situations. For example: the lake froze「湖が凍った」(みずうみがこおった). My hands are freezing「手が凍る」(てがこおる). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or a person becoming emotionally cold or unresponsive. For example: his heart froze「彼の心が凍った」(かれのこころがこおった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1603

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dirty

Reading

Kanji

汚Dirty, Dishonor

Explanation

The Japanese verb '汚す (よごす)' means 'to make something dirty' or 'to soil'. It is used when something clean becomes dirty due to an action or external factor. This verb can be applied to physical objects, places, or even abstract concepts like reputation. For example: he dirtied his shirt「彼はシャツを汚した」(かれはシャツをよごした). Don't dirty the room「部屋を汚さないで」(へやをよごさないで). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'to tarnish one's reputation'「評判を汚す」(ひょうばんをよごす).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1609

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hand, Cross

Reading

Kanji

渡Cross, Transit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '渡す (わたす)' primarily means 'to hand over' or 'to pass something to someone'. It is used when transferring an object from one person to another, such as handing over a document or passing a tool. For example: Please hand me the book「本を渡してください」(ほんをわたしてください). He handed the keys to the manager「彼はマネージャーに鍵を渡した」(かれはマネージャーにかぎをわたした). Additionally, '渡す' can also mean 'to cross', as in crossing a river or a bridge. For example: They crossed the river「彼らは川を渡った」(かれらはかわをわたった). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1616

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black

Reading

Kanji

黒Black

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '黒い (くろい)' means 'black'. It is used to describe something that is black in color. This adjective can be applied to objects, clothing, hair, and more. For example: the cat is black「その猫は黒い」(そのねこはくろい). She has black hair「彼女は黒い髪をしている」(かのじょはくろいかみをしている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as dark or sinister, though this usage is less common. For instance: his heart is black「彼の心は黒い」(かれのこころはくろい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1623

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cloudiness

Reading

Kanji

曇Cloudy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '曇り (くもり)' refers to the state of the sky being cloudy or overcast. It is commonly used in weather forecasts and everyday conversation to describe a day when the sun is obscured by clouds. For example: Today is cloudy「今日は曇りです」(きょうはくもりです). The weather forecast says it will be cloudy tomorrow「天気予報では明日は曇りだそうです」(てんきよほうではあしたはくもりだそうです). This word can also metaphorically describe a gloomy or unclear situation, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1625

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raise

Reading

Kanji

育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '育てる (そだてる)' means 'to raise' or 'to bring up'. It is commonly used to describe the act of nurturing or raising living things, such as children, animals, or plants. For example: I raised this child「この子を育てた」(このこをそだてた). She is raising flowers in her garden「彼女は庭で花を育てている」(かのじょはにわではなをそだてている). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe fostering or developing skills, talents, or ideas. For instance: He is raising his skills in programming「彼はプログラミングのスキルを育てている」(かれはぷろぐらみんぐのすきるをそだてている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1633

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Borrow

Reading

Kanji

借Borrow, Rent

Explanation

The Japanese verb '借りる (かりる)' means 'to borrow'. It is used when someone temporarily takes something from another person with the intention of returning it later. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as borrowing books, money, or items. For example: I borrowed a book from the library「図書館から本を借りた」(としょかんからほんをかりた). Can I borrow your pen?「あなたのペンを借りてもいいですか？」(あなたのペンをかりてもいいですか？). The verb '借りる' is often paired with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being borrowed. It is important to note that '借りる' implies a temporary action, and the item is expected to be returned.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1637

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Far

Reading

Kanji

遠Far

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '遠い (とおい)' means 'far'. It is used to describe something that is physically distant or separated by a significant amount of space. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is distant in time, relationship, or likelihood. For example: The station is far「駅は遠い」(えきはとおい). That day feels far away「あの日は遠く感じる」(あのひはとおくかんじる). Note that '遠い' is often used to describe both literal and figurative distances, making it a versatile adjective in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1642

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け入れる (うけいれる)' means 'to accept'. This verb is used when someone agrees to receive or take in something, whether it be a physical object, an idea, or a situation. It can also imply a willingness to accommodate or embrace something new or different. For example: She accepted the job offer「彼女はその仕事のオファーを受け入れた」(かのじょはそのしごとのオファーをうけいれた). The school accepted the new policy「学校は新しい方針を受け入れた」(がっこうはあたらしいほうしんをうけいれた). It's important to note that this verb often carries a connotation of openness and readiness to adapt.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1653

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Move

Reading

Kanji

動Move

Explanation

The Japanese verb '動かす (うごかす)' means 'to move' something physically or to cause something to change position. It can also be used metaphorically to describe influencing or changing a situation or someone's emotions. For example: I moved the chair「椅子を動かした」(いすをうごかした). The story moved my heart「その話は私の心を動かした」(そのはなしはわたしのこころをうごかした). This verb is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being moved. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1655

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thin, Pale

Reading

Kanji

薄Thin, Dilute

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '薄い (うすい)' has two primary meanings: 'thin' and 'pale'. When used to mean 'thin', it describes something with little thickness or density, such as a thin book or a thin layer of paint. For example: this paper is thin「この紙は薄い」(このかみはうすい). When used to mean 'pale', it describes something with a light or faint color, such as pale skin or a pale shade of blue. For example: her dress is pale pink「彼女のドレスは薄いピンクです」(かのじょのドレスはうすいピンクです). The context will usually make it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1658

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Horizontal writing

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '横書き (よこがき)' refers to the practice of writing horizontally, as opposed to the traditional vertical writing style (縦書き). This style is commonly used in modern Japanese texts, such as books, magazines, and digital content. It is particularly prevalent in foreign language publications, scientific texts, and technical documents. Example sentences include: This book is written horizontally 「この本は横書きです」 (このほんはよこがきです). I prefer horizontal writing for English 「英語は横書きが好きです」 (えいごはよこがきがすきです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1660

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Divide, Separate

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese verb '分ける (わける)' primarily means 'to divide' or 'to separate'. It is used to describe the action of splitting something into parts or distinguishing one thing from another. This verb can be applied to physical objects, groups of people, or abstract concepts. For example: let's divide the cake「ケーキを分けましょう」(ケーキをわけましょう). The river separates the two towns「その川が二つの町を分けている」(そのかわがふたつのまちをわけている). Note that '分ける' can also imply sharing, as in '分けてあげる (わけてあげる)' meaning 'to share with someone'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1661

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rise up, Standup

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立ち上がる (たちあがる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stand up', which refers to the physical action of moving from a sitting or lying position to a standing one. For example: he stood up from his chair「彼は椅子から立ち上がった」(かれはいすからたちあがった). The second meaning is 'to rise up', which can refer to taking action or standing up for a cause, often in a metaphorical sense. For example: the people rose up against injustice「人々は不正に対して立ち上がった」(ひとびとはふせいに対してたちあがった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, and its meaning depends on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1663

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit

Reading

Kanji

訪Visit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '訪れる (おとずれる)' means 'to visit'. It is used to describe the act of going to a place, often with a sense of formality or significance. This verb can be used for visiting people, places, or even abstract concepts like seasons or events. For example: I visited my friend's house「友達の家を訪れた」(ともだちのいえをおとずれた). Spring has arrived「春が訪れた」(はるがおとずれた). Note that '訪れる' often carries a slightly more formal or poetic tone compared to the more casual '行く (いく)' or '訪ねる (たずねる)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1664

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hit, Guess

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '当てる (あてる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to hit' or 'to strike', as in physically hitting something. For example: he hit the target「彼は的を当てた」(かれはまとをあてた). The second meaning is 'to guess' or 'to predict correctly', often used in contexts like guessing the answer to a question or predicting an outcome. For example: she guessed the right answer「彼女は正しい答えを当てた」(かのじょはただしいこたえをあてた). The verb can also be used in compound verbs, such as '当てはめる (あてはめる)' which means 'to apply' or 'to fit'. The nuance of '当てる' depends on the context, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words to determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1665

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Revolve, Tour

Reading

Kanji

巡Go around, Patrol

Explanation

The Japanese verb '巡る (めぐる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to revolve' or 'to go around', often used to describe something moving in a circular or cyclical manner, such as the Earth revolving around the Sun「地球は太陽を巡る」(ちきゅうはたいようをめぐる). The second meaning is 'to tour' or 'to visit multiple places in sequence', such as when someone visits various temples on a pilgrimage「彼はお寺を巡った」(かれはおてらをめぐった). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe the passage of time or the recurrence of events, as in 'seasons revolve'「季節が巡る」(きせつがめぐる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1673

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Burn, Grill

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '焼く (やく)' has two primary meanings: 'grill' and 'burn'. When used in the context of cooking, it means to grill or roast food, such as meat or fish. For example: I will grill the fish「魚を焼きます」(さかなをやきます). In a different context, it can mean to burn something, such as burning trash or documents. For example: He burned the old letters「彼は古い手紙を焼いた」(かれはふるいてがみをやいた). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1680

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extend, Stretch

Reading

Kanji

伸Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '伸ばす (のばす)' can mean 'to stretch' or 'to extend'. It is used in various contexts, such as physically stretching something, extending time, or even growing something like hair or skills. For example: I stretched my arms「腕を伸ばした」(うでをのばした). She extended the deadline「彼女は締め切りを伸ばした」(かのじょはしめきりをのばした). He is growing his hair「彼は髪を伸ばしている」(かれはかみをのばしている). The verb can also imply improvement or development, as in 'to improve skills'「スキルを伸ばす」(スキルをのばす).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1684

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet, Encounter

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出会う (であう)' means 'to meet' or 'to encounter'. It is used to describe the act of meeting someone or something, often by chance or unexpectedly. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as meeting a person, encountering a situation, or coming across an opportunity. For example: I met an old friend at the station「駅で昔の友達に出会った」(えきでむかしのともだちにであった). We encountered a difficult problem「難しい問題に出会った」(むずかしいもんだいにであった). The verb often implies a sense of serendipity or unexpectedness in the meeting or encounter.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1689

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Help

Reading

Kanji

助Help

Explanation

The Japanese verb '助ける (たすける)' means 'to help' or 'to assist'. It is used when someone provides assistance or support to another person, often in a situation where the other person is in trouble or needs aid. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as helping someone physically, emotionally, or financially. For example: I helped my friend「友達を助けた」(ともだちをたすけた). She helped me with my homework「彼女は私の宿題を助けてくれた」(かのじょはわたしのしゅくだいをたすけてくれた). It can also imply saving someone from danger, as in: The lifeguard helped the drowning child「ライフガードは溺れている子供を助けた」(ライフガードはおぼれているこどもをたすけた). Note that '助ける' is often used in situations where the help is significant or impactful.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1691

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desire, Hope

Reading

Kanji

望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese verb '望む (のぞむ)' primarily means 'to desire' or 'to hope'. It is used to express a strong wish or aspiration for something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as personal desires, hopes for the future, or even in more formal or literary settings. For example: I hope for peace「平和を望む」(へいわをのぞむ). She desires success「彼女は成功を望む」(かのじょはせいこうをのぞむ). It is important to note that '望む' often carries a sense of earnestness or deep longing, making it suitable for expressing heartfelt wishes or ambitions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1692

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Kanji

漸Gradually, Steadily

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '漸と (やっと)' means 'finally' or 'at last'. It is used to express relief or satisfaction after a long wait, effort, or struggle. This word often conveys a sense of accomplishment or the overcoming of difficulty. For example: I finally finished my homework「やっと宿題が終わった」(やっとしゅくだいがおわった). The train finally arrived「やっと電車が来た」(やっとでんしゃがきた). It can also imply that something was achieved with great effort or just barely, as in 'I finally caught the last train'「やっと終電に間に合った」(やっとしゅうでんにまにあった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1699

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attached

Reading

Kanji

付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '付け (つけ)' is used to indicate that something is attached, added, or included. It often follows a noun to describe something that comes with or is accompanied by another thing. For example: date attached「日付付け」(ひづけつけ). This suffix is commonly used in contexts like dates, labels, or items that come with additional features. Another example: with sauce「ソース付け」(ソースつけ). It can also imply a sense of being prepared or arranged, as in 'ready-made' or 'prepared with'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1700

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting