Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Sashimi

Reading

Kanji

刺Stab 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刺身 (さしみ)' refers to 'sashimi', a dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or seafood, often served with garnishes like shredded daikon radish and shiso leaves, and accompanied by soy sauce and wasabi. It is a staple in Japanese cuisine and highlights the freshness and quality of the seafood. Example sentences: I love sashimi「刺身が大好きです」(さしみがだいすきです). This restaurant serves delicious sashimi「このレストランは美味しい刺身を出します」(このレストランはおいしいさしみをだします). Sashimi is often eaten with soy sauce and wasabi「刺身は醤油とわさびと一緒に食べます」(さしみはしょうゆとわさびといっしょにたべます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2001

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Area

Reading

Kanji

辺Boundary, Vicinity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辺 (へん)' refers to an area, vicinity, or neighborhood. It is often used to describe a general location or region without specifying exact boundaries. For example: This area is quiet「この辺は静かです」(このへんはしずかです). Is there a convenience store around here?「この辺にコンビニはありますか？」(このへんにコンビニはありますか？). It can also imply a rough or approximate location, such as 'around here' or 'somewhere in this area.' The word is versatile and commonly used in everyday conversation to refer to places or surroundings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2002

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hungry, Deferential

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'ぺこぺこ (ぺこぺこ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'hungry', used to describe a state of extreme hunger. For example: I'm so hungry「お腹がぺこぺこです」(おなかがぺこぺこです). The second meaning is 'deferential', describing someone who is overly polite or submissive, often bowing repeatedly. For example: He was overly deferential to his boss「彼は上司にぺこぺこしていた」(かれはじょうしにぺこぺこしていた). These two meanings are unrelated and depend on the context in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

2003

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mutter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つぶやく' means 'to mutter' or 'to murmur'. It is used when someone speaks softly or quietly, often to themselves or under their breath. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as expressing thoughts, complaints, or even poetic musings. For example: He muttered something under his breath「彼は何かつぶやいた」(かれはなにかつぶやいた). She murmured a prayer「彼女は祈りをつぶやいた」(かのじょはいのりをつぶやいた). The verb often conveys a sense of introspection or secrecy, as the speaker is not addressing anyone directly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

2004

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surprise

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'びっくり (びっくり)' means 'surprise'. It is used to express a state of being startled or amazed by something unexpected. This word is often used in casual conversations and can function as both a noun and a verb (びっくりする). For example: I was surprised by the loud noise「大きな音にびっくりした」(おおきなおとにびっくりした). That was a big surprise「それは大きなびっくりだった」(それはおおきなびっくりだった). The word can also be used to describe someone's reaction, as in 'びっくり顔 (びっくりがお) (surprised face)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2005

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bread

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パン (ぱん)' means 'bread'. This word is borrowed from Portuguese ('pão') and is widely used in modern Japanese to refer to bread in general. It can refer to various types of bread, such as sliced bread, rolls, or pastries. For example: I bought bread「パンを買いました」(ぱんをかいました). This bread is delicious「このパンはおいしい」(このぱんはおいしい). The word is commonly used in everyday conversations and is a staple in Japanese cuisine, often found in breakfast meals or as a snack.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2006

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese verb '向く (むく)' primarily means 'to face' or 'to turn toward'. It is used to describe the direction something or someone is facing or turning. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: he turned toward the door「彼はドアに向いた」(かれはドアにむいた). This job suits me「この仕事は私に向いている」(このしごとはわたしにむいている). In the second example, '向く' is used figuratively to mean 'to be suited for' or 'to be appropriate for'. The verb can also imply suitability or compatibility in certain contexts, such as when describing whether something is a good fit for someone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2007

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fluent

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'ぺらぺら (ぺらぺら)' is used to describe someone who speaks a language fluently or effortlessly. It often carries a slightly informal or casual tone. For example: He speaks English fluently「彼は英語がぺらぺらだ」(かれはえいごがぺらぺらだ). She is fluent in Japanese「彼女は日本語がぺらぺらです」(かのじょはにほんごがぺらぺらです). Additionally, 'ぺらぺら' can also describe something thin or flimsy, such as paper or fabric, but this meaning is less common and context-dependent. For example: This paper is thin「この紙はぺらぺらだ」(このかみはぺらぺらだ).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

2008

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Judo

Reading

Kanji

柔Soft, Gentle 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '柔道 (じゅうどう)' refers to the martial art of judo, which originated in Japan. Judo emphasizes using an opponent's strength and momentum against them, focusing on throws, pins, and joint locks rather than strikes. It is both a competitive sport and a method of physical and mental training. Example sentences: I practice judo「私は柔道を練習します」(わたしはじゅうどうをれんしゅうします). Judo is a traditional Japanese martial art「柔道は日本の伝統的な武道です」(じゅうどうはにほんのでんとうてきなぶどうです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2009

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After, Hereafter

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以後 (いご)' refers to a period of time starting from a specific point and continuing into the future. It is often used to indicate 'after' a particular event or time, or to mean 'hereafter' in a formal context. For example: After this incident, things changed「この事件以後、状況が変わった」(このじけんいご、じょうきょうがかわった). From now on, we will follow the new rules「以後、新しいルールに従います」(いご、あたらしいルールにしたがいます). The word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese, particularly in formal or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2010

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Military

Reading

Kanji

軍Army 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '軍事 (ぐんじ)' refers to matters related to the military or armed forces. It encompasses activities, strategies, and operations associated with warfare or defense. This term is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: The country strengthened its military「その国は軍事を強化した」(そのくにはぐんじをきょうかした). Military technology is advancing rapidly「軍事技術は急速に進歩している」(ぐんじぎじゅつはきゅうそくにしんぽしている). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '軍事力 (ぐんじりょく)' (military power) or '軍事基地 (ぐんじきち)' (military base).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2011

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lose

Reading

Kanji

負Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '負ける (まける)' primarily means 'to lose' in the context of a competition, game, or conflict. It can also imply yielding or giving in to someone or something. This verb is commonly used in both casual and formal settings. For example: I lost the game「試合に負けた」(しあいにまけた). He gave in to the pressure「彼はプレッシャーに負けた」(かれはぷれっしゃーにまけた). Additionally, '負ける' can sometimes be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '負けないで (まけないで)', which means 'don't give up' or 'don't lose heart'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2012

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soft

Reading

Kanji

柔Soft, Gentle

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '柔らか (やわらか)' means 'soft'. It is used to describe something that is physically soft to the touch, such as fabric, food, or materials. It can also describe abstract qualities like a gentle or flexible attitude. For example: This bread is soft「このパンは柔らかい」(このパンはやわらかい). She has a soft personality「彼女は柔らかな性格だ」(かのじょはやわらかなせいかくだ). Note that '柔らか' is often used in its adjectival form '柔らかい (やわらかい)' when directly modifying a noun, as in '柔らかい布 (やわらかいぬの) (soft cloth)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2013

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Claim, Assertion

Reading

Kanji

主Master 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '主張 (しゅちょう)' means 'claim' or 'assertion'. It refers to the act of stating or declaring something firmly, often in the context of expressing an opinion, belief, or position. This word is commonly used in discussions, debates, or when someone is emphasizing their point of view. For example: He made a strong claim about the policy「彼はその政策について強く主張した」(かれはそのせいさくについてつよくしゅちょうした). Her assertion was supported by evidence「彼女の主張は証拠によって裏付けられていた」(かのじょのしゅちょうはしょうこによってうらづけられていた). Note that '主張' can also imply a sense of insistence or determination in one's stance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2014

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bottom

Reading

Kanji

底Bottom

Explanation

The Japanese noun '底 (そこ)' means 'bottom'. This word is used to refer to the lowest part or base of something, such as a container, a body of water, or even abstract concepts like emotions. For example: the bottom of the sea「海の底」(うみのそこ). I hit rock bottom emotionally「感情の底に落ちた」(かんじょうのそこにおちた). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the lowest point of a situation or condition. For instance: the bottom of the economic recession「不況の底」(ふきょうのそこ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2015

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raincoat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レインコート (reinkouto)' means 'raincoat'. This word is a loanword from English, and it refers to a waterproof coat worn to protect against rain. It is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially during the rainy season. For example: I bought a new raincoat「新しいレインコートを買いました」(あたらしいレインコートをかいました). Don't forget your raincoat「レインコートを忘れないで」(レインコートをわすれないで). The word is typically written in katakana, as it is a foreign loanword.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2016

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collection

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '集 (しゅう)' means 'collection'. It is commonly attached to nouns to indicate a gathering or compilation of items, works, or people. For example, a book of poems can be called '詩集 (ししゅう)', meaning 'poetry collection'. Similarly, '写真集 (しゃしんしゅう)' refers to a 'photo collection' or 'photo album'. This suffix is often used in titles of books, albums, or other compilations. Example sentences: This is a collection of famous paintings「これは有名な絵画の集です」(これはゆうめいなかいがのしゅうです). I bought a new music collection「新しい音楽集を買いました」(あたらしいおんがくしゅうをかいました).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2017

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初め (はじめ)' means 'beginning'. It refers to the start or commencement of something, such as an event, period, or process. This word is often used in contexts like the start of a new year, a project, or a relationship. For example: at the beginning of the year「年の初めに」(としのはじめに). Let's start from the beginning「初めから始めましょう」(はじめからはじめましょう). It can also imply the first time something is done, as in '初めまして (はじめまして)', which is a common greeting meaning 'Nice to meet you' or 'This is the first time we meet'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2018

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hit, Reach

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突き当たる (つきあたる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to hit' or 'to strike', often used when something physically collides with another object. The second meaning is 'to reach' or 'to come to', often used when arriving at a point or conclusion. For example: The car hit the wall「車が壁に突き当たった」(くるまがかべにつきあたった). We reached a dead end「私たちは行き止まりに突き当たった」(わたしたちはいきどまりにつきあたった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe encountering a problem or obstacle, as in 'We hit a snag in our plans'「私たちの計画に問題が突き当たった」(わたしたちのけいかくにもんだいがつきあたった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2019

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shogun

Reading

Kanji

将Leader, Commander 軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '将軍 (しょうぐん)' refers to the historical title of the military dictator of Japan, known as the 'shogun'. This title was used from the 12th to the 19th century, and the shogun was the de facto ruler of Japan, while the emperor was the symbolic head of state. The shogunate system was known as the 'bakufu'. Example sentences: The shogun ruled Japan for centuries「将軍は何世紀も日本を支配した」(しょうぐんはなんせいきもにほんをしはいした). The shogun's power was absolute「将軍の力は絶対的だった」(しょうぐんのちからはぜったいてきだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2020

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビジネス (びじねす)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'business'. It refers to commercial, professional, or economic activities, such as trade, commerce, or work-related endeavors. It is commonly used in contexts related to work, companies, or economic transactions. For example: Business is going well「ビジネスは順調です」(びじねすはじゅんちょうです). I study business at university「大学でビジネスを勉強しています」(だいがくでびじねすをべんきょうしています). The word is often used in formal or professional settings and can refer to both the concept of business and specific business activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2021

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vice

Reading

Kanji

副Secondary

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '副 (ふく)' means 'vice' or 'deputy'. It is commonly used to denote a secondary or subordinate position, often in titles or roles. For example: vice president「副社長」(ふくしゃちょう). This prefix is typically attached to nouns to indicate a secondary role or position. Another example: vice minister「副大臣」(ふくだいじん). It is important to note that '副 (ふく)' is always used as a prefix and not as a standalone word.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2022

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '突き当たり (つきあたり)' refers to the very end or the farthest point of something, typically a path, road, or corridor. It is often used to describe the point where one can go no further, such as the end of a hallway or a street. For example: The bathroom is at the end of the hallway「トイレは廊下の突き当たりです」(トイレはろうかのつきあたりです). The store is at the end of this street「その店はこの道の突き当たりにあります」(そのみせはこのみちのつきあたりにあります). This word is commonly used in directions or when describing locations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2023

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ice, Ice cream

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アイス (あいす)' can mean either 'ice' or 'ice cream', depending on the context. When referring to frozen water, it means 'ice'. For example: put ice in the drink「飲み物にアイスを入れて」(のみものにあいすをいれて). However, in casual conversation, it is more commonly used to refer to 'ice cream'. For example: let's eat ice cream「アイスを食べよう」(あいすをたべよう). The meaning is usually clear from the situation, but if clarification is needed, 'ice cream' can be specified as 'アイスクリーム (あいすくりーむ)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2024

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Edge, Fate

Reading

Kanji

縁Relation, Edge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '縁 (えん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'fate' or 'destiny', referring to a connection or bond between people, often implying a predestined relationship. For example: We met by fate「私たちは縁で出会った」(わたしたちはえんでであった). The second meaning is 'edge' or 'rim', referring to the boundary or outer part of something. For example: The edge of the table is chipped「テーブルの縁が欠けている」(テーブルのえんがかけている). The context in which '縁' is used will determine whether it refers to fate or an edge, so pay attention to the surrounding words.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2025

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '過ぎ (すぎ)' is used to indicate that something is excessive or has gone beyond a certain limit. It is often attached to the stem of verbs or adjectives to convey this meaning. For example: he ate too much「彼は食べ過ぎた」(かれはたべすぎた). This coffee is too sweet「このコーヒーは甘すぎる」(このコーヒーはあますぎる). The suffix can also be used with nouns to indicate that something is too much of a particular thing, as in '働き過ぎ (はたらきすぎ) (overworking)'. It's important to note that '過ぎ' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'excess' or 'surplus', but this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2026

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Need

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese verb '要る (いる)' means 'to need' or 'to require'. It is used to express necessity or requirement for something. This verb is often used in everyday conversation to indicate that something is necessary or indispensable. For example: I need money「お金が要る」(おかねがいる). Do you need help?「助けが要りますか？」(たすけがいりますか？). It is important to note that '要る' is typically used with the particle 'が' to indicate the object that is needed. This verb is distinct from '必要 (ひつよう)', which also means 'need' but is a noun and used in different grammatical structures.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2027

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mail

Reading

Kanji

郵Mail 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese noun '郵便 (ゆうびん)' refers to 'mail' or 'postal service'. It is commonly used to describe letters, packages, or any items sent through the postal system. This word is often seen in contexts related to sending or receiving mail, post offices, or postal workers. For example: I received mail today「今日、郵便が届きました」(きょう、ゆうびんがとどきました). Please send this by mail「これを郵便で送ってください」(これをゆうびんでおくってください). The term can also be part of compound words, such as '郵便局 (ゆうびんきょく)' (post office) or '郵便配達員 (ゆうびんはいたついん)' (mail carrier).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2028

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attack

Reading

Kanji

攻Attack, Aggression 撃Beat, Strike

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '攻撃 (こうげき)' primarily means 'attack'. It refers to an aggressive and violent action against someone or something, often used in contexts like military, sports, or debates. It can describe both physical and verbal attacks. For example: The army launched an attack「軍隊が攻撃を開始した」(ぐんたいがこうげきをかいしした). He was criticized for his harsh attack on the policy「彼はその政策への厳しい攻撃で批判された」(かれはそのせいさくへのきびしいこうげきでひはんされた). Note that '攻撃' can also be used metaphorically, such as attacking a problem or issue, indicating a strong and direct approach to solving it.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2029

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Staff

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職員 (しょくいん)' refers to 'staff' or 'employees' of an organization, institution, or company. It is commonly used to describe people who work in a professional capacity, such as school staff, hospital staff, or office workers. For example: The staff is very helpful「職員はとても親切です」(しょくいんはとてもしんせつです). The hospital staff works hard「病院の職員は一生懸命働いています」(びょういんのしょくいんはいっしょうけんめいはたらいています). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Territory, Domain

Reading

Kanji

領Territory 域Area, Limits

Explanation

The Japanese noun '領域 (りょういき)' refers to a specific area, region, or domain. It can be used to describe physical territories, such as land or regions, as well as abstract domains, such as fields of expertise or areas of control. For example: This is the territory of our company「これは私たちの会社の領域です」(これはわたしたちのかいしゃのりょういきです). He is an expert in the field of science「彼は科学の領域の専門家です」(かれはかがくのりょういきのせんもんかです). The word can also imply boundaries or limits, such as in '侵入してはいけない領域 (しんにゅうしてはいけないりょういき) (a restricted area).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2031

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thanks

Reading

Kanji

礼Bow, Salute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '礼 (れい)' primarily means 'thanks' or 'gratitude'. It is often used in formal contexts to express appreciation or acknowledgment. This word can also refer to a bow or gesture of respect, which is a common way to show gratitude in Japanese culture. For example: He expressed his thanks「彼は礼を言った」(かれはれいをいった). She bowed in gratitude「彼女は礼をした」(かのじょはれいをした). The word is deeply tied to cultural practices of politeness and respect, making it essential in formal interactions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2032

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absolutely

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '絶対に (ぜったいに)' means 'absolutely' or 'definitely'. It is used to emphasize the certainty or inevitability of something, often in a strong or emphatic way. This adverb can be used in both positive and negative contexts, such as expressing a firm decision, a strong prohibition, or an unchangeable fact. For example: I will absolutely not go「絶対に行かない」(ぜったいにいかない). This is absolutely delicious「これは絶対においしい」(これはぜったいにおいしい). It is important to note that '絶対に' is often used to convey a sense of finality or unbreakable determination.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2033

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firetruck

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 防Prevent, Defend 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消防車 (しょうぼうしゃ)' refers to a 'firetruck', a vehicle equipped for firefighting. It is commonly used in contexts related to emergency services and firefighting. Example sentences include: The firetruck arrived quickly「消防車がすぐに到着した」(しょうぼうしゃがすぐにとうちゃくした). I saw a firetruck on the way to work「仕事に行く途中で消防車を見た」(しごとにいくとちゅうでしょうぼうしゃをみた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2034

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Apartment

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'マンション (manshon)' refers to a type of residential building, typically a modern, multi-story apartment complex. It is often used to describe high-quality or luxury apartments, as opposed to smaller or older apartments, which might be referred to as 'アパート (apaato)'. For example: I live in an apartment「私はマンションに住んでいます」(わたしはマンションにすんでいます). That apartment is expensive「あのマンションは高いです」(あのマンションはたかいです). The term 'マンション' is borrowed from the English word 'mansion', but in Japanese, it specifically refers to apartment buildings rather than standalone houses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2035

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hate

Reading

Kanji

大Big 嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大嫌い (だいきらい)' means 'hate' or 'dislike intensely'. It is used to express a strong dislike or aversion towards something or someone. The prefix '大 (だい)' intensifies the meaning, making it stronger than just '嫌い (きらい)'. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to express personal feelings. For example: I hate spiders「私は蜘蛛が大嫌いです」(わたしはくもがだいきらいです). He hates studying「彼は勉強が大嫌いだ」(かれはべんきょうがだいきらいだ). It can also be used to describe things one strongly dislikes, such as foods or activities.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2036

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'やや' means 'slightly' or 'somewhat'. It is used to indicate a small degree or extent of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe a minor change, difference, or degree. For example: The temperature is slightly higher today「今日はやや気温が高い」(きょうはややきおんがたかい). The results were somewhat disappointing「結果はやや残念だった」(けっかはややざんねんだった). Note that 'やや' is less casual than other similar adverbs like 'ちょっと' and is more commonly used in descriptive or analytical contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2037

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temporary

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仮 (かり)' means 'temporary'. It is often used to describe something that is provisional or not permanent. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as temporary arrangements, provisional measures, or interim solutions. For example: This is a temporary solution「これは仮の解決策です」(これはかりのかいけつさくです). The temporary bridge was built quickly「仮の橋はすぐに作られました」(かりのはしはすぐにつくられました). It's important to note that '仮' can also be part of compound words, such as '仮名 (かな)' (kana, the Japanese syllabary) or '仮定 (かてい)' (assumption).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sightseeing

Reading

Kanji

観View 光Light

Explanation

The Japanese noun '観光 (かんこう)' refers to 'sightseeing' or 'tourism'. It is commonly used to describe the activity of visiting places of interest, especially when traveling. This word is often associated with leisure travel and exploring new destinations. For example: We went sightseeing in Kyoto「私たちは京都で観光しました」(わたしたちはきょうとでかんこうしました). Sightseeing is popular in this area「この地域では観光が人気です」(このちいきではかんこうがにんきです). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '観光地 (かんこうち)' (tourist spot) or '観光客 (かんこうきゃく)' (tourist).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2039

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世の中 (よのなか)' refers to the world or society at large. It encompasses the social environment, the way things are in the world, or the general state of affairs. This term is often used to discuss societal norms, trends, or the overall condition of the world. For example: The world is changing rapidly「世の中は急速に変わっている」(よのなかはきゅうそくにかわっている). It's tough to live in this world「この世の中に生きるのは大変だ」(このよのなかにいきるのはたいへんだ). The phrase can also imply the complexities and challenges of navigating through life and society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2040

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fear

Reading

Kanji

恐Fear

Explanation

The Japanese verb '恐れる (おそれる)' means 'to fear' or 'to be afraid of'. It is used to express a sense of fear, anxiety, or apprehension about something, whether it is a specific object, situation, or outcome. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: I fear the dark「暗闇を恐れる」(くらやみをおそれる). He fears failure「彼は失敗を恐れている」(かれはしっぱいをおそれている). The verb can also imply a sense of reverence or awe, such as fearing a powerful force or authority. For example: They fear the gods「彼らは神々を恐れている」(かれらはかみがみをおそれている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2041

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vegetable

Reading

Kanji

野Field 菜Vegetable

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野菜 (やさい)' means 'vegetable'. It refers to edible plants or parts of plants, typically used in cooking or eaten raw. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing food, recipes, or healthy eating. For example: I bought vegetables at the market「市場で野菜を買いました」(いちばでやさいをかいました). Vegetables are good for your health「野菜は健康に良いです」(やさいはけんこうにいいです). The term can refer to a wide variety of vegetables, including leafy greens, root vegetables, and more. It is a neutral term and does not carry any particular nuance beyond its literal meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2042

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Airmail

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'エアメール (eameeru)' refers to 'airmail', a postal service that transports mail by air. This term is commonly used when sending letters or packages internationally, as airmail is faster than standard mail services. For example: I sent the letter by airmail「手紙をエアメールで送りました」(てがみをエアメールでおくりました). Airmail is more expensive「エアメールはもっと高いです」(エアメールはもっとたかいです). The word is a loanword from English, written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2043

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bone

Reading

Kanji

骨Bone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '骨 (ほね)' primarily means 'bone'. It refers to the hard, rigid structures that form the skeleton of vertebrates. This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: I broke my bone「骨を折った」(ほねをおった). This work is the backbone of the project「この仕事はプロジェクトの骨だ」(このしごとはプロジェクトのほねだ). In metaphorical usage, it can imply the core or essential part of something, as in the second example. The word is straightforward and widely used in everyday conversation as well as in medical or scientific contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2044

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subject

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教科 (きょうか)' refers to a 'subject' in the context of education, such as a specific field of study taught in school. It is commonly used to describe academic disciplines like mathematics, science, or history. For example: My favorite subject is math「私の好きな教科は数学です」(わたしのすきなきょうかはすうがくです). We have five subjects this semester「今学期は五つの教科があります」(こんがっきはいつつのきょうかがあります). The term is often used in educational settings and is neutral in tone, applicable to both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2045

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice, Meal

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 飯Cooked rice, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '御飯 (ごはん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'rice', referring specifically to cooked rice, which is a staple food in Japanese cuisine. The second meaning is 'meal', as rice is often the central component of a traditional Japanese meal. For example: I ate rice「御飯を食べた」(ごはんをたべた). Let's have a meal「御飯を食べましょう」(ごはんをたべましょう). The word can also be used in compound words like '朝御飯 (あさごはん)' meaning 'breakfast' and '晩御飯 (ばんごはん)' meaning 'dinner'. It's important to note that while '御飯' can mean both 'rice' and 'meal', the context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2046

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Electron

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電子 (でんし)' refers to an 'electron', a subatomic particle with a negative charge. This term is commonly used in scientific contexts, particularly in physics and chemistry. It can also be part of compound words related to electronics or digital technology, such as '電子メール (でんしメール)' (email) or '電子機器 (でんしきき)' (electronic device). Example sentences: Electrons are negatively charged particles「電子は負の電荷を持った粒子です」(でんしはふのでんかをもったりゅうしです). This device uses electrons to function「この装置は電子を使って機能します」(このそうちはでんしをつかってきのうします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2047

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mechanical pencil

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'シャープペンシル (しゃーぷぺんしる)' refers to a 'mechanical pencil', a writing instrument that uses thin, replaceable leads instead of traditional pencil graphite. This term is a loanword from English, adapted to Japanese pronunciation. It is commonly used in academic and professional settings where precision is required. Example sentences: I bought a new mechanical pencil「新しいシャープペンシルを買いました」(あたらしいしゃーぷぺんしるをかいました). Can I borrow your mechanical pencil?「シャープペンシルを貸してもらえますか？」(しゃーぷぺんしるをかしてもらえますか？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2048

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cotton

Reading

Kanji

木Tree, Wood 綿Cotton

Explanation

The Japanese noun '木綿 (もめん)' refers to 'cotton', specifically the material or fabric made from cotton. It is commonly used in contexts related to clothing, textiles, and everyday items. For example: This shirt is made of cotton「このシャツは木綿です」(このシャツはもめんです). Cotton is soft and comfortable「木綿は柔らかくて快適です」(もめんはやわらかくてかいてきです). The word can also refer to cotton plants or cotton fibers, but its primary usage is in describing cotton fabric.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2049

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Kanji

座Sit, Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '座 (ざ)' primarily means 'seat'. It refers to a place where someone sits, such as in a theater, a meeting, or any gathering. This word is often used in formal contexts or when referring to seating arrangements. For example: Please take your seat「どうぞお座りください」(どうぞおすわりください). The seats in the theater are comfortable「劇場の座は快適です」(げきじょうのざはかいてきです). Additionally, '座' can also refer to a group or association, particularly in traditional Japanese arts like Noh or Kabuki, where it denotes a troupe or guild. For example: He belongs to a famous Noh troupe「彼は有名な能の座に所属しています」(かれはゆうめいなのうのざにしょぞくしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2050

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correct, Fix

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb '直す (なおす)' has two primary meanings: 'fix' and 'correct'. When used to mean 'fix', it refers to repairing something that is broken or not functioning properly. For example: I will fix the broken chair「壊れた椅子を直します」(こわれたちすをなおします). When used to mean 'correct', it refers to making something right or accurate, such as correcting a mistake. For example: Please correct the error in the document「書類の誤りを直してください」(しょるいのあやまりをなおしてください). The verb is versatile and can be applied to physical objects, situations, or even behaviors. It is often used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2051

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coffee

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コーヒー (こうひー)' means 'coffee'. It refers to the popular beverage made from roasted coffee beans. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially in contexts related to drinking, cafes, or preferences. For example: I drink coffee every morning「毎朝コーヒーを飲みます」(まいあさこうひーをのみます). This coffee is delicious「このコーヒーはおいしい」(このこうひーはおいしい). The word is written in katakana, as it is a loanword from the English 'coffee'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2052

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Class

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'クラス (くらす)' means 'class'. It is commonly used to refer to a group of students in a school or a course of study. It can also refer to a category or rank in a classification system. For example: I am in the same class as her「私は彼女と同じクラスです」(わたしはかのじょとおなじクラスです). This car is in a higher class「この車は上のクラスです」(このくるまはうえのクラスです). The word is often used in educational contexts but can also be applied to other hierarchical or categorical systems.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2053

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establish

Reading

Kanji

設Set up, Establish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '設ける (もうける)' means 'to establish' or 'to set up'. It is commonly used when creating or founding something, such as an organization, system, or rule. This verb often implies a formal or deliberate action. For example: The company established a new branch「会社は新しい支店を設けた」(かいしゃはあたらしいしてんをもうけた). The government set up a new policy「政府は新しい政策を設けた」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをもうけた). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as establishing conditions or opportunities. For instance: They established conditions for cooperation「彼らは協力の条件を設けた」(かれらはきょうりょくのじょうけんをもうけた). Note that this verb is transitive and typically requires an object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2054

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tape

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'セロテープ (seroteepu)' refers to 'tape', specifically clear adhesive tape commonly used for sticking paper or wrapping gifts. The term is derived from the brand name 'Cellotape', which became a generic term for this type of tape in Japan. Example sentences: Please stick this with tape「これをセロテープで貼ってください」(これをせろてーぷではってください). I need tape to wrap this present「このプレゼントを包むのにセロテープが必要です」(このぷれぜんとをつつむのにせろてーぷがひつようです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2055

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pay

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support 払Pay, Drive away

Explanation

The Japanese verb '支払う (しはらう)' means 'to pay'. It is commonly used when referring to the act of paying money for goods, services, or debts. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as paying bills, salaries, or expenses. For example: I will pay the bill「私が請求書を支払います」(わたしがせいきゅうしょをしはらいます). He paid for the meal「彼は食事代を支払った」(かれはしょくじだいをしはらった). The verb is often used with objects like 'お金 (おかね)' (money) or '請求書 (せいきゅうしょ)' (bill) to specify what is being paid.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2056

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Press, Approach

Reading

Kanji

迫Urge, Press

Explanation

The Japanese verb '迫る (せまる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to approach,' often used to describe something coming closer in time, space, or situation. For example: The deadline is approaching「締め切りが迫っている」(しめきりがせまっている). The second meaning is 'to press' or 'to urge,' often used in contexts where someone is being pressured or compelled to act. For example: He pressed me for an answer「彼は私に答えを迫った」(かれはわたしにこたえをせまった). The verb can also imply a sense of urgency or inevitability, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2057

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bookshelf

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 棚Shelf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本棚 (ほんだな)' means 'bookshelf'. It refers to a piece of furniture used for storing books. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in homes, offices, or libraries. For example: The bookshelf is full「本棚がいっぱいです」(ほんだながいっぱいです). Please put the book on the bookshelf「本を本棚に置いてください」(ほんをほんだなおいてください). The word is a compound of '本 (ほん)' meaning 'book' and '棚 (たな)' meaning 'shelf', making it easy to remember for learners.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2058

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Burn

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'やけど' refers to a burn injury, typically caused by heat, fire, or chemicals. It is commonly used in medical contexts or everyday situations to describe the injury itself. For example: I got a burn from the hot water「お湯でやけどをした」(おゆでやけどをした). Be careful not to get a burn「やけどしないように気をつけて」(やけどしないようにきをつけて). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional or psychological 'burns,' though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

2059

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass, Undergo

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse

Explanation

The Japanese verb '経る (へる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pass' in the sense of time or a period elapsing. For example: ten years have passed「十年が経った」(じゅうねんがへった). The second meaning is 'to undergo' or 'to go through' an experience or process. For example: he underwent surgery「彼は手術を経た」(かれはしゅじゅつをへた). This verb is often used in formal or written contexts to describe the passage of time or the completion of a process. It can also imply a transformation or change resulting from the experience.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2060

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

釣Fish, Fishing

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お釣り (おつり)' refers to the 'change' received back after making a purchase. It is commonly used in everyday transactions, such as when shopping or paying for services. The term is polite and often used in customer service contexts. For example: Here is your change「お釣りです」(おつりです). I received 500 yen in change「500円のお釣りをもらいました」(ごひゃくえんのおつりをもらいました). The prefix 'お' adds politeness, making it suitable for formal situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2061

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knee

Reading

Kanji

膝Knee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '膝 (ひざ)' refers to the 'knee', the joint between the thigh and the lower leg. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can describe both the physical body part and actions involving the knee. For example: My knee hurts「膝が痛い」(ひざがいたい). He sat on his knees「彼は膝をついて座った」(かれはひざをついてすわった). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '膝を抱く (ひざをだく)', which means to hug one's knees, often indicating a posture of reflection or sadness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2062

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ideal

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理想 (りそう)' means 'ideal'. It refers to a standard of perfection or excellence that is often strived for but may not be fully attainable. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal aspirations, societal goals, or philosophical concepts. For example: his ideal is world peace「彼の理想は世界平和です」(かれのりそうはせかいへいわです). We should aim for the ideal「理想を目指すべきです」(りそうをめざすべきです). The term can also be used in compound words like '理想的な (りそうてきな)' meaning 'idealistic' or '理想的 (りそうてき)' meaning 'ideal' as an adjective.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2063

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Iced coffee

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アイスコーヒー (aisukouhii)' refers to 'iced coffee', a cold beverage made by brewing coffee and then chilling it, often served with ice. It is a popular drink in Japan, especially during the hot summer months. Example sentences: I like iced coffee「アイスコーヒーが好きです」(あいすこーひーがすきです). Can I have an iced coffee?「アイスコーヒーをください」(あいすこーひーをください). Note that 'アイスコーヒー' is typically written in katakana, as it is a loanword from English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2064

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

色Color

Explanation

The Japanese determiner '色んな (いろんな)' is a colloquial form of '色々な (いろいろな)', meaning 'various' or 'all sorts of'. It is used to describe a wide range of things or situations, often implying diversity or variety. This word is commonly used in casual conversations. For example: I have various books「色んな本を持っている」(いろんなほんをもっている). She has various hobbies「彼女は色んな趣味がある」(かのじょはいろんなしゅみがある). Note that '色んな' is less formal than '色々な' and is typically used in spoken language.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2065

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thief

Reading

Kanji

泥Mud, Adhere to 棒Pole, Bar

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '泥棒 (どろぼう)' means 'thief'. It refers to a person who steals, typically in a sneaky or covert manner. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can describe both petty thieves and more serious criminals. For example: The thief stole my wallet「泥棒が私の財布を盗んだ」(どろぼうがわたしのさいふをぬすんだ). Be careful of thieves in this area「この辺りでは泥棒に気をつけて」(このあたりではどろぼうにきをつけて). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '泥棒を捕まえる (どろぼうをつかまえる)' which means 'to catch a thief'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2066

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Civilization

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文明 (ぶんめい)' refers to 'civilization', encompassing the advanced state of human society, marked by developments in culture, science, industry, and government. It is often used to discuss historical or global contexts, such as the rise and fall of civilizations or comparisons between different cultures. Example sentences include: Ancient civilizations were fascinating「古代文明は魅力的だった」(こだいぶんめいはみりょくてきだった). Modern civilization depends on technology「現代文明は技術に依存している」(げんだいぶんめいはぎじゅつにいぞんしている). The word can also imply progress or advancement, as in '文明の進歩 (ぶんめいのしんぽ)' (progress of civilization).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2067

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thanks

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 陰Shade

Explanation

The Japanese noun '御陰 (おかげ)' means 'thanks' or 'owing to'. It is used to express gratitude or to indicate that something positive has happened because of someone or something else. It often carries a nuance of appreciation or acknowledgment of help or support. For example: Thanks to you, I succeeded「あなたのおかげで成功しました」(あなたのおかげでせいこうしました). Thanks to the rain, the plants grew well「雨のおかげで植物がよく育ちました」(あめのおかげでしょくぶつがよくそだちました). Note that 'おかげ' can also be used sarcastically to imply that something negative happened because of someone or something, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2068

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boil

Reading

Kanji

沸Boil

Explanation

The Japanese verb '沸かす (わかす)' means 'to boil'. It is commonly used when heating water or other liquids to the point of boiling. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe stirring up emotions or excitement. For example: I will boil water for tea「お茶のために水を沸かします」(おちゃのためにみずをわかします). The news boiled up the crowd「そのニュースは群衆を沸かした」(そのニュースはぐんしゅうをわかした). Note that '沸かす' is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object, such as water or emotions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2069

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

There

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あっち' is a colloquial and informal way to refer to a place or direction that is away from both the speaker and the listener. It is often used in casual conversations and is equivalent to 'over there' in English. The word 'あっち' is part of a set of directional words in Japanese that include 'こっち (kocchi)' for 'here' (near the speaker), 'そっち (socchi)' for 'there' (near the listener), and 'あっち (atchi)' for 'over there' (away from both). Example sentences: The store is over there「あっちにお店がある」(あっちにおみせがある). Let's go over there「あっちに行こう」(あっちにいこう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2070

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Topic

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '話題 (わだい)' means 'topic'. It refers to a subject of conversation or discussion. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to indicate what people are talking about. For example: That's an interesting topic「それは面白い話題だ」(それはおもしろいわだいだ). Let's change the topic「話題を変えましょう」(わだいをかえましょう). The word can also be used to describe trending or popular subjects, such as in '最近の話題 (さいきんのわだい) (recent topic/trending topic)'. It is a versatile term that can apply to any subject matter being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2071

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look back

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '振り返る (ふりかえる)' means 'to look back' or 'to reflect on the past'. It is commonly used to describe the act of turning one's head to look behind or to metaphorically reflect on past events or experiences. For example: He looked back at his childhood「彼は子供時代を振り返った」(かれはこどもじだいをふりかえった). Let's reflect on what we've learned「学んだことを振り返りましょう」(まなんだことをふりかえりましょう). This verb can be used both literally and figuratively, making it versatile in various contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2072

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washing machine

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 濯Wash, Rinse 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗濯機 (せんたくき)' means 'washing machine'. It refers to the household appliance used for washing clothes. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing household chores or appliances. For example: I bought a new washing machine「新しい洗濯機を買いました」(あたらしいせんたくきをかいました). The washing machine is broken「洗濯機が壊れています」(せんたくきがこわれています). It's important to note that this noun is often used in contexts related to home maintenance, laundry, or shopping for appliances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2073

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Laundry

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 濯Wash, Rinse

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '洗濯 (せんたく)' refers to the act of washing clothes or doing laundry. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about household chores. For example: I did the laundry today「今日は洗濯をしました」(きょうはせんたくをしました). The laundry is drying outside「洗濯物が外で乾いています」(せんたくものがそとでかわいています). This word is often combined with other words to form phrases like '洗濯機 (せんたくき)' (washing machine) or '洗濯物 (せんたくもの)' (laundry items).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2074

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Struggle, Battle

Reading

Kanji

戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戦い (たたかい)' primarily means 'battle' or 'struggle'. It refers to a physical fight, such as a battle between armies, or a metaphorical struggle, such as a personal or internal conflict. For example: The battle was intense「戦いは激しかった」(たたかいははげしかった). He is fighting a struggle against illness「彼は病気との戦いをしている」(かれはびょうきとのたたかいをしている). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as a 'struggle for survival' or a 'fight for justice'. It is important to note that '戦い' often carries a sense of effort and challenge, whether in a literal or figurative sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2075

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coffee shop

Reading

Kanji

喫Ingest, Consume 茶Tea 店Shop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '喫茶店 (きっさてん)' refers to a 'coffee shop' or 'café'. It is a place where people go to drink coffee, tea, and other beverages, often accompanied by light snacks or desserts. Unlike modern cafés, traditional 喫茶店 often have a retro or nostalgic atmosphere. Example sentences: Let's meet at the coffee shop「喫茶店で会いましょう」(きっさてんであいましょう). This coffee shop has delicious cake「この喫茶店はケーキが美味しい」(このきっさてんはケーキがおいしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2076

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

News

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ニュース (nyuusu)' means 'news'. It refers to information about recent events or happenings, typically reported by media outlets such as television, radio, newspapers, or online platforms. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation. For example: I watched the news on TV「テレビでニュースを見た」(テレビでニュースをみた). The news about the earthquake was shocking「地震のニュースは衝撃的だった」(じしんのニュースはしょうげきてきだった). It's important to note that 'ニュース' is often used in compound words, such as 'ニュース番組 (nyuusu bangumi)' (news program) or 'ニュースキャスター (nyuusu kyasutaa)' (news anchor).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2077

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あんなに (あんなに)' is used to emphasize the degree or extent of something, often in a way that expresses surprise, admiration, or criticism. It is typically used to describe something that is far beyond what is expected or normal. For example: I didn't know it was that expensive「あんなに高いとは知らなかった」(あんなにたかいとはしらなかった). She was that kind「あんなに親切だった」(あんなにしんせつだった). It is often used in conjunction with adjectives or verbs to convey a strong impression or feeling about the degree of something.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2078

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

So to speak

Reading

Kanji

言Say

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '言わば (いわば)' is used to introduce a metaphor, analogy, or figurative expression to describe something. It can be translated as 'so to speak', 'as it were', or 'in a manner of speaking'. This word is often used to make abstract or complex ideas more relatable by comparing them to something familiar. For example: He is, so to speak, the brain of the team「彼は言わばチームの頭脳だ」(かれはいわばチームのずのうだ). This place is, as it were, a paradise on earth「この場所は言わば地上の楽園だ」(このばしょはいわばちじょうのらくえんだ). Note that '言わば' is typically used in written or formal contexts rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2079

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unintentionally

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'つい' is used to describe an action that is done unintentionally, accidentally, or without thinking. It often implies that the action was a slip of the mind or a momentary lapse in judgment. For example: I unintentionally ate too much「つい食べ過ぎてしまった」(ついたべすぎてしまった). He accidentally told the secret「つい秘密を話してしまった」(ついひみつをはなしてしまった). The word can also carry a nuance of regret or surprise, depending on the context. It is commonly used in casual conversations and is often paired with verbs in the past tense.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2080

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neglect, Laze

Reading

Kanji

怠Lazy, Neglect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怠ける (なまける)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to laze' or 'to be idle', referring to avoiding work or effort. For example: He lazed around all day「彼は一日中怠けていた」(かれはいちにちじゅうなまけていた). The second meaning is 'to neglect', implying a failure to fulfill responsibilities or duties. For example: She neglected her studies「彼女は勉強を怠けた」(かのじょはべんきょうをなまけた). The verb can carry a negative connotation, suggesting laziness or irresponsibility depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2081

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hard, Earnestly

Reading

Kanji

一One 生Life 懸Suspend 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一生懸命 (いっしょうけんめい)' means 'hard' or 'earnestly'. It is used to describe doing something with great effort, determination, or seriousness. This word often conveys a sense of giving one's all or putting in maximum effort. For example: I studied hard for the exam「試験のために一生懸命勉強した」(しけんのためにいっしょうけんめいべんきょうした). She worked earnestly to achieve her dream「彼女は夢を叶えるために一生懸命働いた」(かのじょはゆめをかなえるためにいっしょうけんめいはたらいた). The word can also be used to describe physical effort, such as running hard「一生懸命走った」(いっしょうけんめいはしった). Note that while 'hard' is a common translation, the nuance of '一生懸命' often includes a sense of sincerity and dedication.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2082

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heat, Fever

Reading

Kanji

熱Heat, Temperature

Explanation

The Japanese noun '熱 (ねつ)' can mean both 'heat' and 'fever', depending on the context. When referring to 'heat', it describes the physical property of high temperature, such as in the context of weather or objects. For example: The heat of the sun is strong today「今日は太陽の熱が強い」(きょうはたいようのねつがつよい). When referring to 'fever', it describes a medical condition where the body temperature is elevated. For example: I have a fever「熱があります」(ねつがあります). The word is versatile and its meaning is determined by the surrounding context. It is commonly used in both everyday conversation and medical settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2083

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refuse

Reading

Kanji

断Decide, Cut off

Explanation

The Japanese verb '断る (ことわる)' means 'to refuse' or 'to decline'. It is used when someone rejects an offer, request, or invitation. This verb often carries a polite connotation, as it is commonly used in formal or respectful situations. For example: I refused the invitation「招待を断りました」(しょうたいをことわりました). He declined the offer「彼はその申し出を断った」(かれはそのもうしでをことわった). It can also imply a firm or decisive refusal, depending on the context. Note that '断る' is often used in situations where the refusal is communicated clearly and respectfully.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2084

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 憩Rest

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '休憩 (きゅうけい)' means 'break'. It refers to a short period of rest or pause, often taken during work, study, or other activities. This word is commonly used in contexts like taking a break at work or during a long journey. For example: Let's take a break「休憩しましょう」(きゅうけいしましょう). We took a break after two hours of work「2時間働いた後、休憩しました」(にじかんはたらいたあと、きゅうけいしました). It's important to note that '休憩' is often used in formal or semi-formal settings, and it implies a temporary pause with the intention to resume the activity afterward.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2085

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin

Reading

Kanji

抑Restrain, Suppress

Explanation

The Japanese noun '抑 (そもそも)' refers to the origin, beginning, or fundamental basis of something. It is often used to emphasize the starting point or root cause of a situation or topic. For example: The origin of the problem lies in miscommunication「問題の抑はコミュニケーション不足にある」(もんだいのそもそもはコミュニケーションぶそくにある). From the very beginning, this plan was flawed「抑、この計画には欠陥があった」(そもそも、このけいかくにはけっかんがあった). This word is commonly used in discussions or explanations to trace back to the root of an issue.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2086

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natto

Reading

Kanji

納Settlement 豆Beans

Explanation

The Japanese noun '納豆 (なっとう)' refers to 'natto', a traditional Japanese food made from fermented soybeans. It is known for its strong smell, sticky texture, and unique flavor. Natto is often eaten for breakfast and is considered a healthy food due to its high protein and probiotic content. It is typically served with rice, mustard, and soy sauce. Example sentences: I eat natto every morning「毎朝納豆を食べます」(まいあさなっとうをたべます). Natto is good for your health「納豆は健康に良いです」(なっとうはけんこうにいいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2087

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Club

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'クラブ (くらぶ)' means 'club'. This word is often used to refer to social clubs, sports clubs, or organizations where people gather for a common interest or activity. It can also refer to a nightclub, a place for entertainment and dancing. For example: I joined a tennis club「テニスクラブに入った」(テニスクラブにはいった). Let's go to the club tonight「今夜クラブに行こう」(こんやクラブにいこう). The word is a loanword from English, so its usage closely aligns with the English concept of a club.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2088

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Makeup

Reading

Kanji

化Change 粧Cosmetics, Apply makeup

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '化粧 (けしょう)' primarily means 'makeup'. It refers to the act of applying cosmetics to enhance or alter one's appearance. This word is commonly used in contexts related to beauty, fashion, and personal grooming. For example: She is putting on makeup「彼女は化粧をしている」(かのじょはけしょうをしている). This store sells makeup「この店は化粧を売っている」(このみせはけしょうをうっている). Additionally, '化粧' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe something being 'dressed up' or 'embellished', such as in the phrase '化粧直し (けしょうなおし)', which means 'touch-up' or 'refurbishment'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2089

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Terrifying

Reading

Kanji

恐Fear

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '恐ろしい (おそろしい)' primarily means 'terrifying' or 'dreadful'. It is used to describe something that evokes fear or horror, often due to its extreme nature or potential danger. This word can be applied to situations, events, or even abstract concepts. For example: The storm was terrifying「嵐は恐ろしかった」(あらしはおそろしかった). The thought of war is dreadful「戦争の考えは恐ろしい」(せんそうのかんがえはおそろしい). Additionally, '恐ろしい' can sometimes be used to express something extreme or astonishing, though this usage is less common. For instance: He is terrifyingly fast「彼は恐ろしく速い」(かれはおそろしくはやい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2090

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Humankind

Reading

Kanji

人Person 類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人類 (じんるい)' refers to 'humankind' or 'the human race' as a whole. It is used in contexts discussing humanity collectively, often in scientific, philosophical, or historical discussions. For example: The history of humankind is long「人類の歴史は長い」(じんるいのれきしはながい). Humankind has made great progress「人類は大きな進歩を遂げた」(じんるいはおおきなしんぽをとげた). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts, though it is more common in academic or serious discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2091

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exceed, Cross

Reading

Kanji

越Go across, Go beyond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '越える (こえる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to exceed' or 'to go beyond', often used in contexts involving limits, boundaries, or expectations. For example: The temperature exceeded 30 degrees「気温が30度を越えた」(きおんが30どをこえた). The second meaning is 'to cross', typically referring to physically crossing over something like a mountain or a border. For example: We crossed the mountain「私たちは山を越えた」(わたしたちはやまをこえた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as crossing a threshold or overcoming a challenge. Note that the nuance depends on the context, so pay attention to the object being crossed or exceeded.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2092

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Invite

Reading

Kanji

誘Entice, Induce

Explanation

The Japanese verb '誘う (さそう)' primarily means 'to invite'. It is used when asking someone to join an activity, event, or to accompany you somewhere. This verb can also imply persuasion or encouragement to participate. For example: I invited my friend to the party「友達をパーティーに誘った」(ともだちをパーティーにさそった). He invited me to go shopping「彼は私を買い物に誘った」(かれはわたしをかいものにさそった). Additionally, '誘う' can sometimes carry a nuance of temptation or enticement, depending on the context, such as in 'The calm sea invites us to swim'「穏やかな海が泳ぎに誘う」(おだやかなうみがおよぎにさそう).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2093

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Waitress

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ウェートレス (weetoresu)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'waitress'. It specifically refers to a female server in restaurants or cafes. This term is commonly used in casual or modern settings, often in establishments with a Western influence. For example: The waitress brought the menu「ウェートレスがメニューを持ってきた」(うぇーとれすがめにゅーをもってきた). She works as a waitress at a cafe「彼女はカフェでウェートレスとして働いている」(かのじょはかふぇでうぇーとれすとしてはたらいている). Note that in more traditional Japanese contexts, the gender-neutral term '給仕 (きゅうじ)' might be used instead.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2094

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cooking

Reading

Kanji

自Self 炊Boil, Cook

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '自炊 (じすい)' refers to the act of cooking for oneself, typically at home. It is often used to describe the practice of preparing one's own meals instead of eating out or relying on pre-made food. This term is commonly used by students or individuals living alone. For example: I cook for myself every day「毎日自炊しています」(まいにちじすいしています). Cooking at home is cheaper「自炊は安いです」(じすいはやすいです). The word emphasizes self-sufficiency and independence in meal preparation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2095

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bid

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 札Tag, Bill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入札 (にゅうさつ)' refers to a 'bid' in the context of auctions, tenders, or competitive offers. It is commonly used in business, construction, or procurement settings where companies or individuals submit bids to win contracts or purchase items. For example: The company submitted a bid for the project「その会社はプロジェクトに入札した」(そのかいしゃはぷろじぇくとににゅうさつした). The winning bid was announced yesterday「入札の結果は昨日発表された」(にゅうさつのけっかはきのうはっぴょうされた). This term is specific to formal or competitive bidding processes and is not used in casual contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2096

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ashtray

Reading

Kanji

灰Ashes 皿Plate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '灰皿 (はいざら)' refers to an 'ashtray', a container used for collecting ash and cigarette butts. It is commonly found in smoking areas, restaurants, or homes where smoking is permitted. Example sentences: Please use the ashtray「灰皿を使ってください」(はいざらをつかってください). The ashtray is full「灰皿がいっぱいです」(はいざらがいっぱいです). This word is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Huge

Reading

Kanji

巨Huge, Giant 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '巨大 (きょだい)' means 'huge' or 'gigantic'. It is used to describe something of an exceptionally large size, often beyond the ordinary. This term can be applied to physical objects, structures, or even abstract concepts like influence or impact. For example: a huge building「巨大なビル」(きょだいなビル). The impact of the event was huge「そのイベントの影響は巨大だった」(そのイベントのえいきょうはきょだいだった). It's important to note that '巨大' often carries a connotation of something being impressively or overwhelmingly large, rather than just big.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2098

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Board

Reading

Kanji

板Board

Explanation

The Japanese noun '板 (いた)' primarily means 'board'. It refers to a flat, rigid piece of material, often made of wood, used for various purposes such as construction, crafting, or as a surface. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something flat and rigid. Example sentences: He cut the board「彼は板を切った」(かれはいたをきった). The board is too thick「その板は厚すぎる」(そのいたはあつすぎる). In some contexts, '板' can also refer to a stage or platform, especially in traditional Japanese theater, but this usage is less common and more specific.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Early, Initial

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初期 (しょき)' refers to the early or initial stage of something, such as a period, process, or development. It is often used to describe the beginning phase of events, projects, or historical eras. For example: the early stages of the project「プロジェクトの初期」(ぷろじぇくとのしょき). In the initial phase of the war「戦争の初期」(せんそうのしょき). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to emphasize the starting point or early period of a timeline.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2100

Composition

kanji

Handwriting