Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Canned food

Reading

Kanji

缶Can, Tin can 詰Stuff, Packed

Explanation

The Japanese noun '缶詰 (かんづめ)' refers to 'canned food'. This term is used to describe food that has been preserved and sealed in cans. It is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to various types of canned goods, such as vegetables, fruits, or meats. For example: I bought canned tuna「缶詰のツナを買いました」(かんづめのツナをかいました). Canned food is convenient for camping「缶詰はキャンプに便利です」(かんづめはキャンプにべんりです). Additionally, '缶詰' can also metaphorically describe a situation where someone is confined or isolated, similar to being 'canned', though this usage is less common and more contextual.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lukewarm

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'ぬるい' describes something that is lukewarm or tepid, neither hot nor cold. It is often used to describe the temperature of liquids, such as water or tea, but can also be used metaphorically to describe situations, attitudes, or efforts that are half-hearted or lacking in intensity. For example: The bathwater is lukewarm「お風呂がぬるい」(おふろがぬるい). His response was lukewarm「彼の反応はぬるかった」(かれのはんのうはぬるかった). The word can also imply a lack of strictness or rigor, as in 'The teacher's grading is too lenient'「先生の採点がぬるい」(せんせいのさいてんがぬるい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

2202

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ancient, Antiquity

Reading

Kanji

古Old 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '古代 (こだい)' refers to ancient times or antiquity. It is often used to describe historical periods, particularly those in the distant past, such as ancient civilizations or eras. This term is commonly used in historical, archaeological, or cultural contexts. For example: I am studying ancient history「私は古代史を勉強しています」(わたしはこだいしをべんきょうしています). This artifact is from antiquity「この遺物は古代のものです」(このいぶつはこだいのものです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being from a bygone era, such as 'ancient traditions' (古代の伝統, こだいのでんとう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Percent

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パーセント (ぱーせんと)' means 'percent'. It is used to express a proportion or rate out of 100, similar to its usage in English. This word is commonly used in contexts such as statistics, discounts, and measurements. For example: a 10 percent discount「10パーセントの割引」(じゅっぱーせんとのわりびき). The battery is at 50 percent「バッテリーは50パーセントです」(ばってりーはごじゅっぱーせんとです). Note that 'パーセント' is a loanword derived from the English 'percent' and is written in katakana.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2204

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrust

Reading

Kanji

任Duty, Responsibility

Explanation

The Japanese verb '任せる (まかせる)' means 'to entrust' or 'to leave something to someone'. It is used when you delegate a task, responsibility, or decision to another person, trusting them to handle it. This verb often implies a sense of reliance or confidence in the person being entrusted. For example: I entrusted the work to him「仕事を彼に任せた」(しごとをかれにまかせた). She left the decision to me「彼女はその決断を私に任せた」(かのじょはそのけつだんをわたしにまかせた). Note that '任せる' can also imply a sense of letting go or not interfering, as in 'I left it to fate'「運命に任せた」(うんめいにまかせた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2205

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Barber

Reading

Kanji

床Bed, Floor 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '床屋 (とこや)' refers to a 'barber' or a 'barbershop'. It is commonly used to describe a place where men go to get their hair cut or styled. The term is often associated with traditional barbershops, which may also offer services like shaving. Example sentences: I went to the barber「床屋に行った」(とこやにいった). The barber is skilled「床屋は上手だ」(とこやはじょうずだ). Note that '床屋' is typically used for male-oriented haircuts, while '美容院 (びよういん)' is more commonly used for hair salons catering to women.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2206

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Often

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'しばしば' means 'often'. It is used to indicate that something happens frequently or repeatedly. This word is more formal and literary compared to the more casual 'よく'. It is commonly used in written language, formal speech, or when describing habitual actions. For example: He often visits this park「彼はしばしばこの公園を訪れる」(かれはしばしばこのこうえんをおとずれる). I often think about the past「私はしばしば過去を思い出す」(わたしはしばしばかこをおもいだす). Note that 'しばしば' is not typically used in casual conversation, where 'よく' is preferred.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2207

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ball, Jewel

Reading

Kanji

玉Ball, Jewel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '玉 (たま)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'ball', referring to a spherical object, such as a sports ball or a decorative sphere. For example: The child is playing with a ball「子供が玉で遊んでいる」(こどもがたまであそんでいる). The second meaning is 'jewel', referring to a precious stone or gem. For example: She wore a beautiful jewel「彼女は美しい玉を身につけていた」(かのじょはうつくしいたまをみにつけていた). The context in which '玉' is used will determine whether it refers to a ball or a jewel. It is important to note that '玉' can also be used metaphorically to describe something valuable or precious, similar to how 'jewel' is used in English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Balance

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バランス (baransu)' means 'balance'. This term is used to describe a state of equilibrium or stability, whether physical, emotional, or conceptual. It can refer to the balance of objects, such as in 'balance of power' or 'balance in design', as well as to personal balance, such as work-life balance. For example: maintaining a good balance is important「良いバランスを保つことは大切です」(よいバランスをたもつことはたいせつです). The balance of the ecosystem is delicate「生態系のバランスは繊細です」(せいたいけいのバランスはせんさいです). This word is often used in contexts where harmony and proportion are key considerations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2209

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Princess

Reading

Kanji

姫Princess

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姫 (ひめ)' primarily means 'princess'. It is used to refer to a daughter of royalty or nobility, often in historical or fairy-tale contexts. In modern usage, it can also be used affectionately or metaphorically to describe a beloved or cherished woman, such as a daughter or girlfriend. For example: The princess is beautiful「姫は美しい」(ひめはうつくしい). She is like a princess「彼女は姫のようだ」(かのじょはひめのようだ). Note that '姫' can also appear in compound words, such as '姫路城 (ひめじじょう)', which refers to Himeji Castle, a famous historical site in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2210

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Darkness

Reading

Kanji

闇Darkness

Explanation

The Japanese noun '闇 (やみ)' means 'darkness'. It refers to the absence of light, often used to describe physical darkness, such as in a room or at night. It can also metaphorically represent emotional or moral darkness, such as despair, ignorance, or evil. For example: The room was filled with darkness「部屋は闇に包まれていた」(へやはやみにつつまれていた). He fell into the darkness of despair「彼は絶望の闇に落ちた」(かれはぜつぼうのやみにおちた). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '闇取引 (やみとりひき)' (black market dealings).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2211

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Risk

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'リスク (りすく)' means 'risk'. This word is used to describe the possibility of loss, danger, or harm. It is often used in contexts related to business, finance, health, and everyday decision-making. For example: taking risks is important for growth「リスクを取ることは成長に重要だ」(りすくをとることはせいちょうにじゅうようだ). There is a risk of rain today「今日は雨のリスクがある」(きょうはあめのりすくがある). The word 'リスク' is a loanword from English, and its usage in Japanese closely mirrors its usage in English, making it relatively straightforward for learners to understand and use.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2212

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fold

Reading

Kanji

畳Tatami, Fold up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '畳む (たたむ)' means 'to fold'. This verb is commonly used when referring to folding objects such as clothes, paper, or other foldable items. It can also be used metaphorically to describe closing or ending something, such as a business or an event. For example: I folded the laundry「洗濯物を畳んだ」(せんたくものをたたんだ). She folded the letter and put it in the envelope「彼女は手紙を畳んで封筒に入れた」(かのじょはてがみをたたんでふうとうにいれた). The company decided to fold the project「会社はそのプロジェクトを畳むことにした」(かいしゃはそのプロジェクトをたたむことにした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2213

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honorifics

Reading

Kanji

敬Respect 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '敬語 (けいご)' refers to 'honorifics', which are a system of linguistic expressions used to show respect, politeness, or social distance. It is a crucial aspect of Japanese language and culture, often used in formal settings, business interactions, or when speaking to someone of higher status. There are three main types of 敬語: 尊敬語 (そんけいご, respectful language), 謙譲語 (けんじょうご, humble language), and 丁寧語 (ていねいご, polite language). For example: Please use honorifics when speaking to the teacher「先生には敬語を使ってください」(せんせいにはけいごをつかってください). I struggle with using honorifics correctly「敬語を正しく使うのが難しい」(けいごをただしくつかうのがむずかしい). Mastering 敬語 is essential for navigating Japanese social hierarchies and maintaining proper etiquette.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2214

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shoes

Reading

Kanji

靴Shoe, Shoes

Explanation

The Japanese noun '靴 (くつ)' means 'shoes'. It refers to footwear worn on the feet, typically covering the foot and extending below the ankle. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing clothing, fashion, or daily activities. For example: I bought new shoes「新しい靴を買いました」(あたらしいくつをかいました). Please take off your shoes「靴を脱いでください」(くつをぬいでください). The word '靴' can also be used in compound words, such as '運動靴 (うんどうぐつ)' (sports shoes) or '革靴 (かわぐつ)' (leather shoes).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2215

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Counter

Reading

Kanji

杯Cup, Cupfuls

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '杯 (はい)' is a counter used for counting cups, glasses, or bowlfuls of liquid. It is commonly used when referring to drinks or liquid servings. For example: one cup of coffee「コーヒー一杯」(コーヒーいっぱい). Two glasses of water「水二杯」(みずにはい). This counter is versatile and can be used with various beverages, such as tea, juice, or alcohol. It's important to note that the pronunciation changes to 'ぱい' when combined with certain numbers, such as 'いっぱい' for one cup.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2216

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respect

Reading

Kanji

尊Respect, Revered 敬Respect

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '尊敬 (そんけい)' means 'respect'. It is used to express a feeling of deep admiration for someone or something due to their abilities, qualities, or achievements. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as when discussing elders, superiors, or individuals who have earned admiration. For example: I respect my teacher「私は先生を尊敬しています」(わたしはせんせいをそんけいしています). Respect is important in Japanese culture「尊敬は日本の文化で重要です」(そんけいはにほんのぶんかでじゅうようです). Note that '尊敬' can also be used as a verb in the form '尊敬する (そんけいする)', meaning 'to respect'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2217

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Logic

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '論理 (ろんり)' refers to 'logic', the systematic method of reasoning used to arrive at valid conclusions. It is often used in academic, philosophical, or technical contexts to describe structured thinking or argumentation. For example: His argument lacks logic「彼の議論は論理に欠けている」(かれのぎろんはろんりにかけている). The logic of this theory is difficult to understand「この理論の論理は理解しにくい」(このりろんのろんりはりかいしにくい). The word can also be used in compound terms like '論理的 (ろんりてき)' (logical) or '論理学 (ろんりがく)' (the study of logic).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2218

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連中 (れんじゅう)' refers to a group of people, often with a slightly informal or colloquial tone. It can be used to describe a group of individuals, such as friends, colleagues, or even a crowd, but it sometimes carries a nuance of referring to people in a slightly dismissive or casual manner. For example: That group is always noisy「あの連中はいつもうるさい」(あのれんじゅうはいつもうるさい). I don't trust those people「あの連中は信用できない」(あのれんじゅうはしんようできない). The term is commonly used in everyday conversation but may not be suitable for formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thunder

Reading

Kanji

雷Thunder, Lightning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雷 (かみなり)' means 'thunder'. It refers to the loud, rumbling sound that accompanies lightning during a storm. This word is often used in weather-related contexts and can evoke a sense of power or fear due to the loud and sudden nature of thunder. For example: The thunder is loud「雷が大きい」(かみなりがおおきい). I am scared of thunder「雷が怖い」(かみなりがこわい). In Japanese culture, thunder is sometimes associated with the gods or supernatural forces, adding a layer of cultural significance to the word.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2220

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next day

Reading

Kanji

翌Next, Following 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '翌日 (よくじつ)' means 'next day'. It refers to the day immediately following a specific day or event. This word is commonly used in contexts where the focus is on the sequence of days, such as schedules, plans, or narratives. For example: The meeting is scheduled for the next day「会議は翌日に予定されています」(かいぎはよくじつによていされています). He left the next day「彼は翌日に出発した」(かれはよくじつにしゅっぱつした). Note that '翌日' is often used in formal or written contexts, and it emphasizes the chronological order of events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2221

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil

Reading

Kanji

油Oil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '油 (あぶら)' means 'oil'. This word is used to refer to various types of oil, including cooking oil, machine oil, or even oil in a metaphorical sense. It is a common word in everyday life and can be used in a variety of contexts. For example: I use olive oil for cooking「オリーブ油を使って料理します」(おりーぶあぶらをつかってりょうりします). The machine needs oil「機械に油が必要です」(きかいにあぶらがひつようです). Additionally, '油' can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '油を売る (あぶらをうる)', which means 'to dawdle' or 'to waste time'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rule

Reading

Kanji

規Standard, Regulation 則Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '規則 (きそく)' means 'rule' or 'regulation'. It refers to a prescribed guideline or principle that governs behavior, actions, or procedures within a specific context, such as an organization, game, or society. This word is commonly used in formal settings, such as schools, workplaces, or legal systems. For example: follow the rules「規則を守る」(きそくをまもる). The rules of this game are strict「このゲームの規則は厳しい」(このゲームのきそくはきびしい). It can also refer to natural laws or principles, such as the rules of physics「物理の規則」(ぶつりのきそく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Write, Draw

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かく' has two primary meanings: 'write' and 'draw'. When used to mean 'write', it refers to the act of writing characters, words, or sentences, such as in 'I write a letter'「手紙をかく」(てがみをかく). When used to mean 'draw', it refers to creating a picture or illustration, such as in 'I draw a picture'「絵をかく」(えをかく). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. For example: She writes a novel「彼女は小説をかく」(かのじょはしょうせつをかく). He draws a landscape「彼は風景をかく」(かれはふうけいをかく). Note that the verb can also be used in compound verbs, such as '書き直す (かきなおす)' meaning 'rewrite'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

2224

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complete, Splendid

Reading

Kanji

見See 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '見事 (みごと)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'splendid' or 'magnificent', often used to describe something that is impressively beautiful or well-executed. For example: The fireworks were splendid「花火は見事だった」(はなびはみごとだった). The second meaning is 'complete' or 'thorough', often used to describe something that is done fully or perfectly. For example: He failed completely「彼は見事に失敗した」(かれはみごとにしっぱいした). The word can also carry a nuance of admiration or awe, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crossing, Railroad

Reading

Kanji

踏Step on, Step 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese noun '踏切 (ふみきり)' refers to a 'railroad crossing', which is a place where a road or path intersects with railway tracks. It is commonly used in contexts related to transportation and safety. For example: Be careful at the railroad crossing「踏切に気をつけて」(ふみきりにきをつけて). The train is approaching the crossing「電車が踏切に近づいている」(でんしゃがふみきりにちかづいている). This word is essential for understanding directions and safety warnings in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2226

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beer

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビール (びーる)' means 'beer'. This word is a direct loanword from the English 'beer' and refers to the alcoholic beverage made from fermented grains, typically barley. It is widely used in Japan and can be found in restaurants, bars, and convenience stores. For example: I like beer「ビールが好きです」(びーるがすきです). Let's drink beer「ビールを飲みましょう」(びーるをのみましょう). The word is often used in casual settings and is a staple in social drinking culture in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2227

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Future

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未来 (みらい)' means 'future'. It refers to the time that is yet to come or events that will happen after the present. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as discussing future plans, predictions, or aspirations. For example: I am excited about the future「未来が楽しみです」(みらいがたのしみです). The future is full of possibilities「未来は可能性に満ちている」(みらいはかのうせいにみちている). It can also be used in more abstract or philosophical discussions about the future of humanity or technology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2228

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Busy

Reading

Kanji

忙Busy

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '忙しい (いそがしい)' means 'busy'. It is used to describe a state of being occupied with tasks or activities, often implying a lack of free time. This adjective can be applied to people, schedules, or periods of time. For example: I am busy today「今日は忙しい」(きょうはいそがしい). The office is busy「オフィスは忙しい」(オフィスはいそがしい). It can also convey a sense of being overwhelmed or hectic, as in '忙しい一日 (いそがしいいちにち) (a busy day)'. The nuance often includes a feeling of being pressed for time or having a lot to do.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2229

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tool

Reading

Kanji

道Way 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道具 (どうぐ)' means 'tool'. This word refers to any implement or device used to carry out a particular function or task. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from everyday household items to specialized equipment for various professions. For example: I bought a new tool「新しい道具を買いました」(あたらしいどうぐをかいました). This tool is very useful「この道具はとても便利です」(このどうぐはとてもべんりです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that aids in achieving a goal, such as knowledge or skills being tools for success.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2230

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Brand

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ブランド (ぶらんど)' refers to a 'brand', typically in the context of a company's name, logo, or product identity. It is often used to describe well-known or high-quality brands, particularly in fashion, luxury goods, or consumer products. For example: This is a famous brand「これは有名なブランドです」(これはゆうめいなぶらんどです). I like this brand of coffee「このブランドのコーヒーが好きです」(このぶらんどのこーひーがすきです). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in Japanese to refer to both domestic and international brands.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2231

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More

Reading

Kanji

一One 層Layer

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一層 (いっそう)' means 'more' or 'even more'. It is used to indicate an increase in degree or intensity of something. This word is often used in comparisons or to emphasize a change. For example: It became even more interesting「一層面白くなった」(いっそうおもしろくなった). I will try even harder「一層頑張ります」(いっそうがんばります). The word can also be used in formal contexts to express a heightened state or condition. Note that '一層' is often used with adjectives or verbs to amplify their meaning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2232

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Again, Also

Reading

Kanji

又Again

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '又 (また)' has two primary meanings: 'again' and 'also'. When used to mean 'again', it indicates repetition or recurrence of an action or event. For example: I will visit Japan again「また日本を訪れます」(またにほんをおとずれます). When used to mean 'also', it adds information or indicates an additional item or action. For example: He is also a teacher「彼はまた先生です」(かれはまたせんせいです). The nuance of 'また' can vary depending on context, but it generally conveys a sense of addition or repetition. It is commonly used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2233

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Condition

Reading

Kanji

具Tool 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '具合 (ぐあい)' refers to the state, condition, or manner in which something is functioning or happening. It is often used to describe the physical condition of a person, the state of a machine, or the progress of a situation. For example: How is your condition?「具合はどうですか？」(ぐあいはどうですか？). The machine's condition is bad「機械の具合が悪い」(きかいのぐあいがわるい). It can also be used to inquire about the progress or status of something, such as a project or plan. The word is versatile and can be applied to both physical and abstract states.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Baseball

Reading

Kanji

野Field 球Ball

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野球 (やきゅう)' means 'baseball'. It refers to the sport of baseball, which is widely popular in Japan. The word is used in various contexts, such as discussing games, players, or the sport in general. For example: I like baseball「私は野球が好きです」(わたしはやきゅうがすきです). He plays baseball「彼は野球をします」(かれはやきゅうをします). The term is also used in compound words, such as '野球場 (やきゅうじょう)' (baseball stadium) or '野球選手 (やきゅうせんしゅ)' (baseball player).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grandfather

Reading

Kanji

祖Ancestor 父Father

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お祖父さん (おじいさん)' means 'grandfather'. It is a polite and respectful term used to refer to one's own grandfather or someone else's grandfather. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings. For example: My grandfather is kind「私のお祖父さんは優しい」(わたしのおじいさんはやさしい). His grandfather lives in Kyoto「彼のお祖父さんは京都に住んでいます」(かれのおじいさんはきょうとにすんでいます). It's important to note that 'お祖父さん' can also be used to refer to elderly men in general, showing respect and politeness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2236

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grandmother

Reading

Kanji

祖Ancestor 母Mother

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お祖母さん (おばあさん)' refers to one's grandmother. It is a polite and respectful term commonly used to address or refer to one's own grandmother or someone else's grandmother. This term is often used in family contexts and carries a sense of affection and respect. For example: my grandmother is kind「私のお祖母さんは優しい」(わたしのおばあさんはやさしい). I visited my grandmother yesterday「昨日、お祖母さんを訪ねました」(きのう、おばあさんをたずねました). It's important to note that 'お祖母さん' can also be used more broadly to refer to elderly women in general, often as a term of respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2237

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

終End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '終わり (おわり)' means 'end'. It refers to the conclusion or final part of something, such as an event, story, or period. It can be used in various contexts, from everyday conversations to formal writing. For example: the end of the movie「映画の終わり」(えいがのおわり). The end of the year「年の終わり」(としのおわり). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'the end of an era'「時代の終わり」(じだいのおわり). Note that '終わり' is often used in contrast to '始まり (はじまり)' (beginning).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2238

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salt

Reading

Kanji

塩Salt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '塩 (しお)' means 'salt'. This word refers to the common seasoning used in cooking and food preparation. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something essential or fundamental. For example: please pass the salt「塩を取ってください」(しおをとってください). Salt is essential for cooking「塩は料理に欠かせない」(しおはりょうりにかかせない). In Japanese culture, salt is sometimes used in purification rituals, such as sprinkling salt at the entrance of a home to ward off evil spirits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Days

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日々 (ひび)' means 'days'. It refers to the passage of time, specifically the everyday or daily occurrences. This word is often used to describe the routine or the flow of daily life. For example: I enjoy my days「私は日々を楽しんでいます」(わたしはひびをたのしんでいます). The days pass by quickly「日々は早く過ぎる」(ひびははやくすぎる). It can also be used in a more poetic or reflective context to emphasize the continuous nature of time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ようこそ (ようこそ)' is used to express a warm welcome or greeting to someone. It is often used when welcoming guests, visitors, or newcomers to a place, event, or group. This word carries a sense of hospitality and friendliness. For example: Welcome to Japan!「ようこそ日本へ！」(ようこそにほんへ！). Welcome to our home「ようこそ私たちの家へ」(ようこそわたしたちのいえへ). Note that 'ようこそ' is typically used at the beginning of a sentence or phrase to greet someone, and it is often followed by a destination or context to which the person is being welcomed.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2241

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subject

Reading

Kanji

主Master 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主体 (しゅたい)' primarily means 'subject'. It refers to the main entity or the central figure in a context, often used in philosophical, grammatical, or organizational discussions. In grammar, it denotes the subject of a sentence. In a broader sense, it can refer to the main body or core part of an organization or movement. Example sentences include: The subject of the sentence is clear「文の主体は明確です」(ぶんのしゅたいはめいかくです). The organization's main body decided to change the policy「組織の主体が方針を変えることに決めた」(そしきのしゅたいがほうしんをかえることにきめた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2242

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fee

Reading

Kanji

料Materials, Fee 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '料金 (りょうきん)' refers to a fee or charge for a service or product. It is commonly used in contexts such as transportation, utilities, or services. For example: The train fee is expensive「電車の料金は高いです」(でんしゃのりょうきんはたかいです). Please pay the parking fee「駐車料金を払ってください」(ちゅうしゃりょうきんをはらってください). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2243

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hindrance, Intrusion

Reading

Kanji

邪Wicked 魔Witch, Demon

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '邪魔 (じゃま)' primarily means 'hindrance' or 'intrusion'. It is used to describe something or someone that obstructs, interferes, or gets in the way of an activity or situation. For example: Sorry for being a hindrance「邪魔してすみません」(じゃましてすみません). Don't disturb me now「今邪魔しないで」(いまじゃましないで). The word can also be used to describe physical obstructions, such as objects blocking a path, or metaphorical ones, like distractions. It is commonly used in polite expressions to apologize for interrupting or inconveniencing someone.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cold medicine

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 邪Wicked 薬Medicine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風邪薬 (かぜぐすり)' refers to 'cold medicine'. This term is used to describe medication specifically designed to treat symptoms of the common cold, such as fever, cough, and sore throat. It is commonly found in pharmacies and is a staple in Japanese households, especially during the colder months. Example sentences: I bought cold medicine at the pharmacy「薬局で風邪薬を買いました」(やっきょくでかぜぐすりをかいました). Take this cold medicine before bed「寝る前にこの風邪薬を飲んでください」(ねるまえにこのかぜぐすりをのんでください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Waiter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ウェーター (weetaa)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'waiter'. It refers to a male server in a restaurant or café. This term is specifically used for male servers, while 'ウェイトレス (weitoresu)' is used for female servers. Example sentences: The waiter brought the menu「ウェーターがメニューを持ってきた」(うぇーたーがめにゅーをもってきた). I asked the waiter for water「ウェーターに水をお願いしました」(うぇーたーにみずをおねがいしました). Note that in Japanese, loanwords like this are often written in katakana.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2246

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

戻Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '戻す (もどす)' means 'to return' or 'to put something back'. It is used when referring to the act of returning something to its original place or state. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as returning a borrowed item, reverting a situation, or restoring something to its previous condition. For example: Please return the book to the shelf「本を棚に戻してください」(ほんをたなにもどしてください). I returned the money to him「彼にお金を戻した」(かれにおかねをもどした). It's important to note that '戻す' is often used in situations where the action involves physically or metaphorically bringing something back to where it was before.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2247

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bathhouse

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 呂Bath 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風呂屋 (ふろや)' refers to a traditional Japanese public bathhouse. These establishments are places where people go to bathe, often featuring large communal baths, saunas, and sometimes additional services like massages. The term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, where public bathing has been a common practice for centuries. For example: I went to the bathhouse yesterday「昨日、風呂屋に行きました」(きのう、ふろやにいきました). The bathhouse is very relaxing「風呂屋はとてもリラックスできます」(ふろやはとてもりらっくすできます). It's important to note that '風呂屋' specifically refers to the establishment itself, not the act of bathing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anger

Reading

Kanji

怒Anger, Angry

Explanation

The Japanese noun '怒り (いかり)' means 'anger'. It refers to a strong feeling of displeasure or hostility, often in response to a perceived wrong or injustice. This word is commonly used to describe both personal and external expressions of anger. For example: His anger was evident「彼の怒りは明らかだった」(かれのいかりはあきらかだった). She tried to suppress her anger「彼女は怒りを抑えようとした」(かのじょはいかりをおさえようとした). The word can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as 'the anger of the gods'「神々の怒り」(かみがみのいかり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2249

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long term

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長期 (ちょうき)' refers to a 'long-term' period or duration. It is commonly used in contexts discussing time frames that extend over a considerable length, such as in financial investments, projects, or plans. For example: long-term investment「長期投資」(ちょうきとうし). We need a long-term plan「長期の計画が必要です」(ちょうきのけいかくがひつようです). The term emphasizes the extended nature of the period in question, often implying stability, commitment, or a focus on future outcomes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rest, Absent

Reading

Kanji

休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese verb '休む (やすむ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to rest' or 'to take a break', which refers to pausing activity to relax or recover. For example: I will rest today「今日は休む」(きょうはやすむ). The second meaning is 'to be absent' or 'to take time off', often used in the context of work or school. For example: He is absent from work today「彼は今日仕事を休む」(かれはきょうしごとをやすむ). The verb can also imply taking a day off for health or personal reasons. Note that the context determines which meaning is intended, as both are commonly used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2251

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Showa

Reading

Kanji

昭Shining 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昭和 (しょうわ)' refers to the Showa era, which was the period of Japanese history corresponding to the reign of Emperor Hirohito, from December 25, 1926, to January 7, 1989. This era is often associated with significant events in Japan, including World War II, the post-war economic miracle, and the country's rise as a global economic power. The term is also used to describe things or cultural aspects from that period. For example: The Showa era was a time of great change「昭和時代は大きな変化の時代でした」(しょうわじだいはおおきなへんかのじだいでした). This is a Showa-style house「これは昭和風の家です」(これはしょうわふうのいえです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That, So

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'そんなに (sonnani)' is used to indicate degree or extent, often translating to 'that' or 'so' in English. It is commonly used in negative sentences or questions to express surprise, doubt, or emphasis. For example: Is it really that expensive?「そんなに高いの？」(そんなにたかいの？). I didn't know it was so difficult「そんなに難しいとは知らなかった」(そんなにむずかしいとはしらなかった). The nuance of 'そんなに' often conveys a sense of unexpectedness or exaggeration, making it a versatile word in conversational Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2253

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Black tea

Reading

Kanji

紅Crimson 茶Tea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紅茶 (こうちゃ)' refers to 'black tea'. This term is used to describe the type of tea that is more oxidized than green, oolong, and white teas, resulting in a stronger flavor. It is commonly consumed in Japan, often served hot or cold. Example sentences include: I drink black tea every morning「毎朝紅茶を飲みます」(まいあさこうちゃをのみます). This black tea is very fragrant「この紅茶はとても香りがいい」(このこうちゃはとてもかおりがいい). Note that '紅茶' specifically refers to black tea and not other types of tea, which have different names in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ふと' (futo) is used to describe something that happens suddenly, unexpectedly, or without prior thought. It often conveys a sense of spontaneity or a fleeting moment. This word is commonly used in contexts where a thought, memory, or action occurs abruptly. For example: I suddenly remembered「ふと思い出した」(ふとおもいだした). He suddenly turned around「ふと振り返った」(ふとふりかえった). The nuance of 'ふと' often implies that the action or thought was not premeditated but rather occurred in a moment of chance or instinct.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2255

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rock

Reading

Kanji

岩Boulder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '岩 (いわ)' means 'rock'. It refers to a large, solid mass of stone or mineral material. This word is commonly used to describe natural rock formations, such as cliffs, boulders, or large stones. For example: There is a big rock in the river「川に大きな岩がある」(かわにおおきないわがある). The climber stood on the rock「クライマーは岩の上に立った」(クライマーはいわのうえにたった). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something solid or unyielding, like a person's resolve.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2256

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earlier

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先程 (さきほど)' means 'earlier' or 'a short while ago'. It is used to refer to something that happened in the recent past, typically within a short timeframe. This word is often used in formal or polite contexts. For example: I saw him earlier「先程彼を見かけました」(さきほどかれをみかけました). The package arrived earlier「先程荷物が届きました」(さきほどにもつがとどきました). Note that '先程' is more formal than 'さっき', which also means 'a while ago' but is used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cabinet

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 閣Cabinet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内閣 (ないかく)' refers to the 'cabinet' in a governmental context. It specifically denotes the group of ministers or executives who are responsible for the administration and policy-making of a government. This term is commonly used in political discussions and news reports. For example: The cabinet held a meeting「内閣は会議を開いた」(ないかくはかいぎをひらいた). The prime minister reshuffled the cabinet「首相は内閣を改造した」(しゅしょうはないかくをかいぞうした). The term is often associated with the executive branch of government and is a key component in the political structure of Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Late

Reading

Kanji

遅Slow, Late

Explanation

The Japanese verb '遅れる (おくれる)' means 'to be late' or 'to fall behind'. It is commonly used to describe being late for an event, appointment, or schedule. It can also refer to falling behind in progress or development. For example: I was late for the meeting「会議に遅れた」(かいぎにおくれた). The train is running late「電車が遅れている」(でんしゃがおくれている). Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe being behind in terms of technology or trends, as in 'この会社は技術的に遅れている (このかいしゃはぎじゅつてきにおくれている) (This company is technologically behind).'

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2259

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pillow

Reading

Kanji

枕Pillow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '枕 (まくら)' refers to a 'pillow', which is a cushion used to support the head while sleeping. It is a common household item and is essential for comfort during rest. The word can also be used metaphorically or in idiomatic expressions, such as '枕を高くして寝る (まくらをたかくしてねる)', which means 'to sleep soundly without worries'. Example sentences: I bought a new pillow「新しい枕を買いました」(あたらしいまくらをかいました). This pillow is very soft「この枕はとても柔らかいです」(このまくらはとてもやわらかいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hesitation

Reading

Kanji

遠Far 慮Consider

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '遠慮 (えんりょ)' primarily means 'hesitation' or 'reserve'. It is often used to describe a sense of restraint or reluctance, particularly in social contexts where one might hesitate to impose on others or act in a way that could be seen as intrusive. For example: Please don't hesitate to ask「遠慮なく聞いてください」(えんりょなくきいてください). He declined the offer out of politeness「彼は遠慮して申し出を断った」(かれはえんりょしてもうしでをことわった). The term can also imply a polite refusal, as in '遠慮する (えんりょする)', which means 'to decline politely'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fear

Reading

Kanji

恐Fear 怖Fearful, Dreadful

Explanation

The Japanese noun '恐怖 (きょうふ)' means 'fear'. It refers to the intense feeling of being afraid or anxious about something, often due to a perceived threat or danger. This word is commonly used in contexts involving psychological or emotional states, such as fear of the dark, fear of heights, or fear of the unknown. For example: I feel fear when I watch horror movies「私はホラー映画を見ると恐怖を感じる」(わたしはほらーえいがをみるときょうふをかんじる). The fear of failure can be paralyzing「失敗への恐怖は麻痺させるほど強い」(しっぱいへのきょうふはまひさせるほどつよい). Note that '恐怖' is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it can also appear in compound words like '恐怖症 (きょうふしょう)' (phobia).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2262

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Western

Reading

Kanji

洋Ocean, Western style

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '洋 (よう)' means 'western' and is often used to denote something related to the West or Western culture. It is commonly attached to nouns to form compound words. For example: Western food「洋食」(ようしょく), Western-style room「洋室」(ようしつ), and Western clothing「洋服」(ようふく). This suffix is particularly useful when distinguishing between traditional Japanese items and their Western counterparts. Another example: Western music「洋楽」(ようがく). Note that '洋' can also refer to the ocean in other contexts, but as a suffix, it predominantly conveys the meaning of 'western'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2263

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daughter, Young lady

Reading

Kanji

嬢Lass, Young lady

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お嬢さん (おじょうさん)' can mean 'daughter' or 'young lady'. It is a polite term used to refer to someone else's daughter or a young woman, often implying respect or formality. When used to mean 'daughter', it is typically in the context of referring to someone else's daughter, not your own. When used to mean 'young lady', it often carries a tone of politeness or endearment. For example: Is this your daughter?「こちらはお嬢さんですか？」(こちらはおじょうさんですか？). The young lady over there is very kind「あちらのお嬢さんはとても親切です」(あちらのおじょうさんはとてもしんせつです). Note that using 'お嬢さん' to refer to your own daughter can sound overly formal or even sarcastic in some contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2264

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Repeat, Pile

Reading

Kanji

重Heavy

Explanation

The Japanese verb '重ねる (かさねる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to pile' or 'to stack', referring to placing one object on top of another. For example: She piled the books on the table「彼女は本をテーブルに重ねた」(かのじょはほんをテーブルにかさねた). The second meaning is 'to repeat' or 'to do something repeatedly', often implying accumulation or layering of actions. For example: He repeated his mistakes「彼は失敗を重ねた」(かれはしっぱいをかさねた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as in '重ねる経験 (かさねるけいけん)', meaning 'accumulated experience'. This dual meaning makes the verb versatile in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2265

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New years card

Reading

Kanji

年Year 賀Congratulate 状Form, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年賀状 (ねんがじょう)' refers to a 'New Year's card'. These are special greeting cards sent to friends, family, and colleagues to celebrate the New Year. They often feature traditional designs, such as the zodiac animal of the year, and include messages of good fortune and health. Example sentences: I sent a New Year's card to my friend「友達に年賀状を送りました」(ともだちにねんがじょうをおくりました). Did you receive a New Year's card?「年賀状をもらいましたか？」(ねんがじょうをもらいましたか？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffice

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verb '足りる (たりる)' means 'to suffice' or 'to be enough'. It is used to indicate that something meets the necessary amount or requirement. This verb is often used in contexts where adequacy or sufficiency is being discussed, such as in financial, time, or resource-related situations. For example: The money is enough「お金が足りる」(おかねがたりる). Is the time sufficient?「時間は足りるか？」(じかんはたりるか？). It can also be used in negative forms to indicate insufficiency, as in 'The ingredients are not enough「材料が足りない」(ざいりょうがたりない)'. The verb is versatile and can be applied to both concrete and abstract contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2267

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regard

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見なす (みなす)' means 'to regard' or 'to consider as'. It is used when treating or judging something as if it were a certain way, even if it might not be so in reality. This verb often implies a formal or authoritative judgment. For example: The court regarded him as guilty「裁判所は彼を有罪と見なした」(さいばんしょはかれをゆうざいとみなした). In this company, punctuality is regarded as very important「この会社では時間厳守が非常に重要と見なされている」(このかいしゃではじかんげんしゅがひじょうにじゅうようとみなされている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2268

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Button

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ボタン (botan)' refers to a 'button'. This can mean a physical button on clothing or devices, such as a shirt button or a button on a remote control. It can also refer to a clickable button on a digital interface, like a website or app. For example: press the button「ボタンを押してください」(ぼたんをおしてください). The button on my shirt came off「シャツのボタンが取れた」(しゃつのぼたんがとれた). The word 'ボタン' is a loanword from the Portuguese 'botão', reflecting its foreign origin, and is commonly used in everyday Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2269

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Greeting

Reading

Kanji

挨Push open 拶Draw close, Be imminent

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '挨拶 (あいさつ)' primarily means 'greeting'. It refers to the act of greeting someone, which can include saying hello, goodbye, or other polite expressions. This word is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, emphasizing politeness and social harmony. It can also refer to formal speeches or remarks made at events. Example sentences: He gave a greeting「彼は挨拶をした」(かれはあいさつをした). Please say hello to everyone「みんなに挨拶してください」(みんなにあいさつしてください). In a formal setting, '挨拶' might refer to a speech: The president made an opening greeting「社長が開会の挨拶をした」(しゃちょうがかいかいのあいさつをした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2270

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Virus

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ウイルス (uirusu)' refers to a 'virus'. This term is commonly used in both medical and technological contexts. In medicine, it describes microscopic infectious agents that can cause diseases in living organisms. In technology, it refers to malicious software designed to disrupt, damage, or gain unauthorized access to computer systems. Example sentences: The virus spread quickly「ウイルスが急速に広がった」(ういるすがきゅうそくにひろがった). My computer got infected by a virus「私のコンピュータがウイルスに感染した」(わたしのコンピュータがういるすにかんせんした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2271

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当初 (とうしょ)' refers to the 'beginning' or 'initial stage' of something, such as a project, plan, or period of time. It is often used to describe the starting point or original intention of an event or situation. For example: At the beginning, we had no issues「当初は問題がなかった」(とうしょはもんだいがなかった). The plan was different at the beginning「当初の計画は違っていた」(とうしょのけいかくはちがっていた). This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts to emphasize the contrast between the initial state and the current state.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2272

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Method

Reading

Kanji

方Direction 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '方式 (ほうしき)' refers to a 'method' or 'system' of doing something. It is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe a structured approach or procedure. For example: This is a new method of teaching「これは新しい教育方式です」(これはあたらしいきょういくほうしきです). The company adopted a new management system「その会社は新しい管理方式を採用した」(そのかいしゃはあたらしいかんりほうしきをさいようした). The word can also imply a standardized or established way of doing things, such as in '交通方式 (こうつうほうしき) (transportation system)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2273

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Made

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '製 (せい)' is used to indicate that something is 'made' or 'manufactured' in a specific place or by a specific method. It is commonly attached to the name of a country, region, or company to denote the origin or manufacturer of a product. For example: made in Japan「日本製」(にほんせい). This machine is German-made「この機械はドイツ製です」(このきかいはドイツせいです). The suffix is often used in product descriptions or labels to highlight quality or origin. Note that '製' is a noun suffix and is typically written in kanji.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2274

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Socks

Reading

Kanji

靴Shoe, Shoes 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '靴下 (くつした)' means 'socks'. This word refers to the garment worn on the feet, typically under shoes, for warmth, comfort, or hygiene. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to any type of socks, such as ankle socks, knee-high socks, or even stockings. Example sentences: I bought new socks「新しい靴下を買いました」(あたらしいくつしたをかいました). These socks are comfortable「この靴下は快適です」(このくつしたはかいてきです). The word is often used in contexts related to clothing, shopping, or daily routines.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2275

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Key

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'キー (きー)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'key'. It is commonly used to refer to a physical key for unlocking doors or locks, as well as metaphorical keys, such as a key to success. In technology, it can also refer to keyboard keys or cryptographic keys. Example sentences: I lost my key「キーをなくした」(きーをなくした). The key to solving this problem is patience「この問題を解決するキーは忍耐だ」(このもんだいをかいけつするきーはにんたいだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2276

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Woman

Reading

Kanji

婦Lady 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '婦人 (ふじん)' means 'woman'. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts to refer to adult women. It is commonly seen in phrases like '婦人服 (ふじんふく)' (women's clothing) or '婦人会 (ふじんかい)' (women's association). For example: The woman is wearing a beautiful dress「その婦人は美しいドレスを着ています」(そのふじんはうつくしいドレスをきています). The store sells women's accessories「その店は婦人用のアクセサリーを売っています」(そのみせはふじんようのアクセサリーをうっています). Note that '婦人' is more formal than '女性 (じょせい)', which is also commonly used to mean 'woman'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2277

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Toothpaste, Tooth brushing

Reading

Kanji

歯Tooth 磨Polish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歯磨き (はみがき)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'toothbrushing', referring to the act of cleaning one's teeth. The second is 'toothpaste', the substance used during toothbrushing. This word is commonly used in daily life and can refer to either the action or the product, depending on the context. For example: I do toothbrushing every morning「毎朝歯磨きをします」(まいあさはみがきをします). This toothpaste is mint-flavored「この歯磨きはミント味です」(このはみがきはみんとあじです). Note that the meaning is usually clear from the context, but it can sometimes be ambiguous without additional clarification.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2278

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Morning sun

Reading

Kanji

朝Morning 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '朝日 (あさひ)' refers to the 'morning sun'. It is commonly used to describe the sun as it rises in the morning, often evoking a sense of freshness, hope, or beauty. This word is frequently used in poetry, literature, and everyday conversation to describe the early sunlight. For example: The morning sun is beautiful「朝日がきれいだ」(あさひがきれいだ). I woke up to the morning sun「朝日で目が覚めた」(あさひでめがさめた). The word can also be used metaphorically to symbolize new beginnings or optimism.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2279

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Permission, Sorry

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 免Excuse, Exempt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '御免 (ごめん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'sorry', often used in casual apologies, similar to 'ごめんなさい'. The second meaning is 'permission', used in formal contexts to request or grant permission. For example: Sorry for being late「遅れて御免」(おくれてごめん). May I have your permission?「御免をいただけますか？」(ごめんをいただけますか？). Note that '御免' is more formal and less commonly used in modern casual speech compared to 'ごめんなさい' for apologies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private, Civilian

Reading

Kanji

民People, Nation 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民間 (みんかん)' can mean 'private' or 'civilian', depending on the context. When referring to 'private', it is often used to describe sectors, organizations, or activities that are not government-run, such as private companies or private initiatives. For example: private sector「民間のセクター」(みんかんのセクター). When referring to 'civilian', it describes non-military individuals or activities. For example: civilian life「民間の生活」(みんかんのせいかつ). The word is commonly used in discussions contrasting public (government) and private sectors, or military and civilian contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2281

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Buddha

Reading

Kanji

仏Buddha

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仏 (ほとけ)' primarily refers to 'Buddha', the enlightened being in Buddhism. It can also refer to Buddhist statues or images representing Buddha. This term is deeply rooted in religious and spiritual contexts, often used in temples, during religious ceremonies, or in discussions about Buddhism. For example: I prayed to the Buddha「仏に祈った」(ほとけにいのった). The Buddha statue is very old「その仏像はとても古い」(そのぶつぞうはとてもふるい). Additionally, '仏' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe someone who is very kind or saintly, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

New years day

Reading

Kanji

元Origin 旦Dawn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '元旦 (がんたん)' specifically refers to the morning or the first day of the New Year, January 1st. It is a term that carries a sense of renewal and celebration, often associated with the first sunrise of the year, which is considered auspicious. Example sentences include: We visited the shrine on New Year's Day「私たちは元旦に神社を訪れました」(わたしたちはがんたんにじんじゃをおとずれました). The first sunrise of the year on New Year's Day is beautiful「元旦の初日の出は美しい」(がんたんのはつひのではうつくしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diverse

Reading

Kanji

多Many 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '多様 (たよう)' means 'diverse'. It is used to describe a variety or multiplicity of things, often emphasizing the presence of many different types or forms within a group or category. This term is commonly used in contexts discussing culture, biology, opinions, or methods. For example: The opinions of the participants were diverse「参加者の意見は多様だった」(さんかしゃのいけんはたようだった). The ecosystem is diverse「その生態系は多様だ」(そのせいたいけいはたようだ). It can also be used to describe a wide range of options or choices, such as in '多様な選択肢 (たようなせんたくし) (diverse choices)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2284

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Once

Reading

Kanji

一One 旦Dawn

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一旦 (いったん)' means 'once' or 'for the time being'. It is used to indicate a temporary pause, interruption, or a point in time when something is done or considered before proceeding further. It often implies that after this action or state, there will be a change or continuation. For example: Let's stop here once「一旦ここで止めましょう」(いったんここでとめましょう). Once I finish this, I'll take a break「一旦これを終えたら休憩します」(いったんこれをおえたらきゅうけいします). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to suggest a temporary halt or reconsideration.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2285

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commonsense

Reading

Kanji

常Usual, Normal 識Knowledge, Discernment

Explanation

The Japanese noun '常識 (じょうしき)' refers to 'commonsense' or 'general knowledge'. It describes the basic understanding or awareness that is commonly shared by people in a society. This term is often used to refer to what is considered normal or expected behavior in a given context. For example: He lacks commonsense「彼は常識がない」(かれはじょうしきがない). It's common sense to be polite「礼儀正しくするのは常識だ」(れいぎただしくするのはじょうしきだ). The word can also imply societal norms or shared values, and it is frequently used in discussions about cultural expectations or social behavior.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2286

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long sleeve

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 袖Sleeve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '長袖 (ながそで)' refers to 'long sleeves' or 'long-sleeved clothing'. It is commonly used to describe clothing items such as shirts, dresses, or jackets that have sleeves extending to the wrists. This term is often used in fashion or when discussing seasonal clothing, as long-sleeved garments are typically associated with cooler weather. For example: I bought a long-sleeve shirt「長袖のシャツを買いました」(ながそでのシャツをかいました). She prefers long-sleeve dresses in winter「彼女は冬に長袖のドレスを好む」(かのじょはふゆにながそでのドレスをこのむ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2287

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Short sleeve

Reading

Kanji

半Half 袖Sleeve

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半袖 (はんそで)' refers to 'short-sleeve' clothing, typically shirts or tops. It is commonly used to describe garments that have sleeves covering only the upper part of the arm, as opposed to full-length sleeves. For example: I bought a short-sleeve shirt「半袖のシャツを買いました」(はんそでのシャツをかいました). This short-sleeve shirt is comfortable「この半袖のシャツは快適です」(このはんそでのシャツはかいてきです). The term is often used in the context of summer clothing or casual wear.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2288

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fool, Idiot

Reading

Kanji

馬Horse 鹿Deer

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '馬鹿 (ばか)' primarily means 'fool' or 'idiot'. It is used to describe someone who is foolish, silly, or lacking in common sense. However, it can also be used in a more affectionate or playful manner among close friends or family. For example: You're such an idiot「あなたは本当に馬鹿だね」(あなたはほんとうにばかだね). Don't be silly「馬鹿なこと言わないで」(ばかなこといわないで). It's important to note that while '馬鹿' can be used humorously, it can also be considered rude or offensive depending on the context and tone of voice.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Will

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 志Intention

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意志 (いし)' refers to 'will' or 'volition'. It describes the mental faculty by which a person decides on and commits to a course of action. This word is often used in contexts involving determination, intention, or resolve. For example: He has a strong will「彼は強い意志を持っている」(かれはつよいいしをもっている). Her will to succeed is admirable「彼女の成功への意志は立派だ」(かのじょのせいこうへのいしはりっぱだ). It can also be used in philosophical or psychological discussions about free will and decision-making.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Okay

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オーケー (おーけー)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'okay'. It is commonly used in casual conversations to express agreement, acceptance, or acknowledgment. It can also be used to indicate that something is satisfactory or acceptable. For example: Is it okay if I leave early?「早く帰ってもオーケー？」(はやくかえってもおーけー？). The plan is okay「そのプランはオーケーだ」(そのぷらんはおーけーだ). Note that 'オーケー' is often written in katakana to emphasize its foreign origin and is used in informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2291

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Policy

Reading

Kanji

方Direction 針Needle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '方針 (ほうしん)' refers to a 'policy', 'plan', or 'course of action' that is established to guide decisions or actions. It is often used in formal or organizational contexts to describe a set of principles or strategies. For example: The company's policy is clear「会社の方針は明確です」(かいしゃのほうしんはめいかくです). We need to decide on a course of action「方針を決める必要があります」(ほうしんをきめるひつようがあります). This word is commonly used in business, government, and other structured environments to outline a clear direction or approach.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '閉じる (とじる)' means 'to close'. It is used to describe the action of shutting or closing something, such as a door, a book, or eyes. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe closing or ending something, like a chapter or a discussion. For example: Please close the door「ドアを閉じてください」(ドアをとじてください). She closed her eyes「彼女は目を閉じた」(かのじょはめをとじた). The store closes at 9 PM「その店は9時に閉じる」(そのみせはくじにとじる). Note that '閉じる' is often used for physical objects, but it can also apply to abstract concepts like events or periods.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2293

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verb '間違う (まちがう)' means 'to make a mistake' or 'to be incorrect'. It is used when someone does something wrong or incorrectly. This verb can be applied to actions, decisions, or judgments. For example: I made a mistake in my calculations「計算を間違った」(けいさんをまちがった). Don't mistake me for someone else「私を他の人と間違わないで」(わたしをほかのひととまちがわないで). The verb can also be used in its negative form to express correctness, as in '間違っていない (まちがっていない)' meaning 'not mistaken' or 'correct'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2294

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mom

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ママ' is a casual and affectionate term for 'mother'. It is often used by children or in informal settings. The term conveys a sense of closeness and warmth. For example: Mom, I'm home「ママ、ただいま」(ママ、ただいま). Mom, can I have some candy?「ママ、おかしもらえる？」(ママ、おかしもらえる？). It's important to note that 'ママ' is more commonly used in spoken language and may be considered too informal in certain contexts. In more formal situations, 'お母さん (おかあさん)' is preferred.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2295

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maintain

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '保つ (たもつ)' means 'to maintain' or 'to keep'. It is used to describe the act of preserving a state, condition, or quality over time. This verb can be applied to physical objects, relationships, health, or abstract concepts like peace or order. For example: She maintains her beauty「彼女は美しさを保つ」(かのじょはうつくしさをたもつ). We must maintain peace「私たちは平和を保たなければならない」(わたしたちはへいわをたもたなければならない). The verb often implies effort or intention to sustain something in its current state.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2296

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

High, Advanced

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '高度 (こうど)' can mean 'high' or 'advanced'. When used to mean 'high', it often refers to altitude or elevation, such as in the context of aviation or geography. For example: The plane is flying at a high altitude「飛行機は高度を飛んでいる」(ひこうきはこうどをとんでいる). When used to mean 'advanced', it typically refers to a high level of skill, technology, or complexity. For example: This is an advanced technique「これは高度な技術です」(これはこうどなぎじゅつです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe abstract concepts, such as '高度な問題 (こうどなもんだい)' (a complex problem).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natural, Obvious

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '当たり前 (あたりまえ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'obvious', referring to something that is clear, self-evident, or expected. The second meaning is 'natural', indicating something that is normal, ordinary, or to be expected. This word is often used to express that something is a given or should be taken for granted. For example: It's obvious that the sun rises in the east「太陽が東から昇るのは当たり前だ」(たいようがひがしからのぼるのはあたりまえだ). It's natural to feel nervous before a big test「大きなテストの前に緊張するのは当たり前だ」(おおきなテストのまえにきんちょうするのはあたりまえだ). The word can also carry a nuance of something being taken for granted, as in 'It's only natural to help others'「他人を助けるのは当たり前だ」(たにんをたすけるのはあたりまえだ).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2298

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inhale, Suck

Reading

Kanji

吸Inhale, Suck

Explanation

The Japanese verb '吸う (すう)' primarily means 'to suck' or 'to inhale'. It is used to describe the action of drawing something in, such as air, smoke, or liquid. For example: he inhaled deeply「彼は深く吸った」(かれはふかくすった). The baby is sucking milk「赤ちゃんがミルクを吸っている」(あかちゃんがミルクをすっている). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as absorbing knowledge or information. Note that the context often determines whether it refers to literal sucking or inhaling.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2299

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Member

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'メンバー (めんばー)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'member'. It is commonly used to refer to individuals who are part of a group, team, organization, or club. This term is widely used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: He is a new member of our team「彼は私たちのチームの新しいメンバーです」(かれはわたしたちのチームのあたらしいメンバーです). The band has five members「そのバンドは5人のメンバーがいます」(そのバンドはごにんのメンバーがいます). The word is often used in contexts like sports teams, music bands, or any organized group.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2300

Composition

katakana

Handwriting