Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Improvement

Reading

Kanji

改Reform 良Good

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '改良 (かいりょう)' means 'improvement'. It refers to the act of making something better or enhancing its quality, often through modifications or refinements. This term is commonly used in contexts such as technology, agriculture, or processes. For example: The improvement of the software was successful「ソフトウェアの改良は成功した」(ソフトウェアのかいりょうはせいこうした). We are working on the improvement of the product「製品の改良に取り組んでいます」(せいひんのかいりょうにとりくんでいます). Note that '改良' often implies a systematic or intentional effort to enhance something.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3601

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promotion

Reading

Kanji

促Urge, Press 進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '促進 (そくしん)' means 'promotion' or 'acceleration'. It is used to describe the act of advancing or speeding up a process, development, or activity. This word is often used in contexts related to business, technology, health, and social initiatives. For example: promotion of health「健康の促進」(けんこうのそくしん). The government is promoting economic growth「政府は経済成長を促進している」(せいふはけいざいせいちょうをそくしんしている). It can also be used in a more general sense to describe the encouragement or facilitation of something, such as promoting cultural exchange「文化交流を促進する」(ぶんかこうりゅうをそくしんする).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3602

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tape

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'テープ (teepu)' refers to 'tape', which can be any kind of adhesive or recording tape. It is a katakana word borrowed from English, commonly used in various contexts such as packaging, crafting, or audio recording. For example: I need tape to wrap the gift「プレゼントを包むためにテープが必要です」(ぷれぜんとをつつむためにてーぷがひつようです). Please pass me the tape「テープを取ってください」(てーぷをとってください). This word is versatile and can refer to different types of tape, including adhesive tape, masking tape, or cassette tape, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3603

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

壊Demolition, Break down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '壊れる (こわれる)' means 'to break' or 'to be broken'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes something that breaks on its own or becomes non-functional without an external agent being specified. This verb is commonly used for objects, machines, or systems that stop working or become damaged. For example: The watch broke「時計が壊れた」(とけいがこわれた). The computer broke down「パソコンが壊れた」(パソコンがこわれた). Note that '壊れる' implies the state of being broken, whereas '壊す (こわす)' is the transitive form, meaning 'to break something'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3604

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Modification

Reading

Kanji

改Reform 造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '改造 (かいぞう)' refers to the act of modifying or remodeling something, often to improve or change its function or appearance. It is commonly used in contexts such as modifying vehicles, machinery, or even software. For example: He modified his car「彼は車を改造した」(かれはくるまをかいぞうした). The company is remodeling the office「会社はオフィスを改造している」(かいしゃはオフィスをかいぞうしている). This word can also imply significant changes rather than minor adjustments, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3605

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Kanji

改Reform

Explanation

The Japanese verb '改まる (あらたまる)' primarily means 'to reform' or 'to change for the better'. It is often used in contexts where something is being improved, revised, or made more formal. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative senses, such as reforming a system or changing one's behavior. For example: The company reformed its policies「会社は方針を改まった」(かいしゃはほうしんをあらたまった). His attitude changed for the better「彼の態度が改まった」(かれのたいどがあらたまった). It's important to note that this verb often carries a connotation of positive change or improvement.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3606

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tournament

Reading

Kanji

大Big 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大会 (たいかい)' refers to a large-scale event or competition, often used in the context of sports, games, or other competitive activities. It can also refer to a conference or convention, but this usage is less common. For example: I participated in the tennis tournament「テニスの大会に参加しました」(てにすのたいかいにさんかしました). The annual conference was held in Tokyo「年次大会は東京で開催されました」(ねんじたいかいはとうきょうでかいさいされました). The word is often used in combination with the name of the activity, such as 'テニス大会 (てにすたいかい) (tennis tournament)' or '将棋大会 (しょうぎたいかい) (shogi tournament)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3607

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opposition

Reading

Kanji

対Against 抗Resist, Confront

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対抗 (たいこう)' means 'opposition' or 'rivalry'. It refers to the act of competing against someone or something, often in a direct or confrontational manner. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, business, or any situation where there is a competitive relationship. For example: The two teams are in opposition「二つのチームは対抗している」(ふたつのチームはたいこうしている). Our company is in rivalry with theirs「私たちの会社は彼らの会社と対抗している」(わたしたちのかいしゃはかれらのかいしゃとたいこうしている). The word can also imply a sense of resistance or counteraction, as in '対抗策 (たいこうさく) (countermeasure)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3608

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Masses

Reading

Kanji

大Big 衆Multitude

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大衆 (たいしゅう)' refers to 'the masses' or 'the general public'. It is used to describe a large group of ordinary people in society, often in contrast to elites or specific groups. This term can be used in various contexts, such as media, culture, or politics, to refer to the collective population. For example: The masses supported the new policy「大衆は新しい政策を支持した」(たいしゅうはあたらしいせいさくをしじした). This movie appeals to the masses「この映画は大衆にアピールする」(このえいがはたいしゅうにアピールする). The term can sometimes carry a neutral or slightly informal tone, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3609

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lay

Reading

Kanji

敷Spread, Lay

Explanation

The Japanese verb '敷く (しく)' primarily means 'to lay' or 'to spread out'. It is used when placing something flat over a surface, such as laying down a carpet, spreading out a blanket, or even laying railroad tracks. For example: I laid a carpet in the room「部屋にカーペットを敷いた」(へやにかーぺっとをしいた). They are laying new train tracks「新しい線路を敷いている」(あたらしいせんろをしいている). Additionally, '敷く' can be used metaphorically, such as establishing rules or foundations. For example: The company laid down new rules「会社は新しい規則を敷いた」(かいしゃはあたらしいきそくをしいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3610

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Throw, Neglect

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放る (ほうる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to throw', which refers to the action of tossing or hurling something. For example: he threw the ball「彼はボールを放った」(かれはボールをほうった). The second meaning is 'to neglect', which refers to ignoring or disregarding something. For example: she neglected her duties「彼女は仕事を放った」(かのじょはしごとをほうった). The verb can be used in both casual and formal contexts, but the nuance of neglect is more common in informal speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3611

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cabbage

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'キャベツ (きゃべつ)' refers to 'cabbage', a common leafy vegetable. It is widely used in Japanese cuisine, such as in dishes like okonomiyaki, salads, or stir-fries. For example: I bought a cabbage「キャベツを買いました」(きゃべつをかいました). This salad has cabbage「このサラダにはキャベツが入っています」(このサラダにはきゃべつがはいっています). The word is a loanword from the English 'cabbage' and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3612

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ground

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地面 (じめん)' refers to the surface of the earth, specifically the ground or soil. It is commonly used to describe the physical ground beneath our feet, whether it's soil, dirt, or any natural surface. For example: The ground is wet「地面が濡れている」(じめんがぬれている). He fell to the ground「彼は地面に倒れた」(かれはじめんにたおれた). This word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, from everyday conversation to scientific descriptions. It does not imply any specific type of ground, such as grass or concrete, unless specified by additional context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3613

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wages

Reading

Kanji

賃Rent, Fare 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '賃金 (ちんぎん)' refers to 'wages' or 'pay' that a worker receives in exchange for their labor. It is commonly used in contexts related to employment, labor laws, and economics. For example: The wages are low「賃金が低い」(ちんぎんがひくい). He received his wages「彼は賃金を受け取った」(かれはちんぎんをうけとった). This term is often used in formal or business settings and can be associated with discussions about fair pay, minimum wage, or salary negotiations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Affection

Reading

Kanji

愛Love 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '愛情 (あいじょう)' means 'affection' or 'love'. It refers to a deep feeling of care, fondness, or attachment towards someone or something. This word is often used to describe emotional bonds, such as parental love, romantic love, or even love for pets. For example: she has deep affection for her child「彼女は子供に深い愛情を持っている」(かのじょはこどもにふかいあいじょうをもっている). His affection for animals is evident「彼の動物への愛情は明らかだ」(かれのどうぶつへのあいじょうはあきらかだ). Note that '愛情' is more about emotional attachment and care, rather than romantic love, which is often expressed with '恋 (こい)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3615

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countryside

Reading

Kanji

田Rice field 舎House, Quarters

Explanation

The Japanese noun '田舎 (いなか)' refers to rural areas or the countryside, often in contrast to urban areas. It carries connotations of simplicity, tradition, and sometimes a slower pace of life. It can also imply a sense of nostalgia or a place where one grew up. For example: I grew up in the countryside「私は田舎で育ちました」(わたしはいなかでそだちました). Life in the countryside is peaceful「田舎の生活は平和です」(いなかのせいかつはへいわです). The word can sometimes be used to describe something as 'provincial' or 'unsophisticated' depending on the context, but it generally emphasizes the charm and tranquility of rural life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3616

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kanji

Reading

Kanji

漢China 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '漢字 (かんじ)' refers to 'kanji', which are the logographic characters borrowed from Chinese and used in the Japanese writing system. Kanji are used alongside hiragana and katakana, and each character typically represents a word or a meaningful part of a word. For example: I study kanji「私は漢字を勉強します」(わたしはかんじをべんきょうします). This kanji is difficult「この漢字は難しい」(このかんじはむずかしい). Kanji are essential for reading and writing in Japanese, and they often have multiple readings and meanings depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3617

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Channel

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'チャンネル (channeru)' means 'channel'. It is commonly used to refer to TV channels, radio frequencies, or communication channels. For example: change the channel「チャンネルを変えて」(チャンネルをかえて). This channel is boring「このチャンネルはつまらない」(このチャンネルはつまらない). It can also refer to a medium or pathway for communication, such as in 'communication channel'「コミュニケーションチャンネル」(コミュニケーションチャンネル). The word is borrowed from English and is widely understood in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3618

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept, Catch

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け止める (うけとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch', as in physically catching something. For example: he caught the ball「彼はボールを受け止めた」(かれはボールをうけとめた). The second meaning is 'to accept', often used in a more abstract or emotional sense, such as accepting responsibility or feelings. For example: she accepted his feelings「彼女は彼の気持ちを受け止めた」(かのじょはかれのきもちをうけとめた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it important to consider the surrounding words to determine the intended meaning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3619

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Offer

Reading

Kanji

差Difference 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '差し出す (さしだす)' primarily means 'to offer' or 'to present something by extending it towards someone. It is often used in contexts where something is handed over or extended, such as offering a document, a hand, or an item. For example: He offered his business card「彼は名刺を差し出した」(かれはめいしをさしだした). She offered her hand to help him up「彼女は手を差し出して彼を助けた」(かのじょはてをさしだしてかれをたすけた). The verb can also imply a sense of giving or presenting something formally or politely. Note that the action typically involves physically extending something towards another person.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3620

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Idol

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アイドル (aidoru)' refers to a popular entertainer, often a young singer, actor, or performer, who is admired by fans, particularly in the context of Japanese pop culture. These idols are typically associated with talent agencies and are marketed for their charm, appearance, and personality rather than just their talent. They often appear in TV shows, commercials, and live performances. For example: She is a popular idol「彼女は人気のアイドルです」(かのじょはにんきのアイドルです). I went to an idol concert「アイドルのコンサートに行きました」(アイドルのコンサートにいきました). The term can also be used more broadly to describe someone who is idolized or admired, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3621

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incorporate, Embed

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '組み込む (くみこむ)' means 'to incorporate' or 'to embed'. It is used when something is integrated or built into a system, structure, or plan. This verb often implies that the incorporated element becomes an essential or inseparable part of the whole. For example: The new feature was incorporated into the software「新しい機能がソフトウェアに組み込まれた」(あたらしいきのうがソフトウェアにくみこまれた). He embedded the code into the program「彼はコードをプログラムに組み込んだ」(かれはコードをプログラムにくみこんだ). The verb is commonly used in technical, organizational, or creative contexts to describe the process of adding or integrating components.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3622

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Textile

Reading

Kanji

織Weave 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '織物 (おりもの)' refers to 'textile' or 'woven fabric'. It is used to describe any material made by weaving, knitting, or felting fibers together. This term is commonly used in contexts related to clothing, crafts, and traditional Japanese arts. For example: This textile is beautiful「この織物は美しい」(このおりものはうつくしい). She bought a traditional Japanese textile「彼女は伝統的な日本の織物を買った」(かのじょはでんとうてきなにほんのおりものをかった). The word can also refer to the art or process of weaving itself.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3623

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nostalgic

Reading

Kanji

懐Bosom, Pocket

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '懐かしい (なつかしい)' means 'nostalgic' or 'evoking fond memories'. It is used to describe something that brings back memories of the past, often with a sense of longing or warmth. This word is commonly used when encountering something familiar from one's past, such as a place, a song, or an object. For example: This song is nostalgic「この歌は懐かしい」(このうたはなつかしい). I feel nostalgic when I see this photo「この写真を見ると懐かしい気持ちになる」(このしゃしんをみるとなつかしいきもちになる). The word can also be used to express a sense of missing someone or something from the past, as in 'I miss my hometown'「故郷が懐かしい」(こきょうがなつかしい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3624

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

And

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アンド (ando)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'and'. It is used in contexts where the English word 'and' is directly borrowed, often in names of brands, titles, or specific phrases. For example: bread and butter「ブレッドアンドバター」(ぶれっどあんどばたー). This usage is more common in modern, trendy, or international contexts rather than traditional Japanese. Note that in standard Japanese, 'and' is typically expressed using particles like 'と (to)' or 'や (ya)', but 'アンド' is used for stylistic or foreign emphasis.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3625

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recent

Reading

Kanji

近Near 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近年 (きんねん)' means 'recent years' or 'recently'. It is used to refer to a period of time that is close to the present, typically within the last few years. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to discuss trends, changes, or events that have occurred in the recent past. For example: In recent years, technology has advanced rapidly「近年、技術が急速に進歩した」(きんねん、ぎじゅつがきゅうそくにしんぽした). The population has increased in recent years「近年、人口が増加した」(きんねん、じんこうがぞうかした). Note that '近年' is often used at the beginning of a sentence or clause to set the temporal context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3626

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Kanji

故Reason, Deceased 郷Hometown

Explanation

The Japanese noun '故郷 (こきょう)' refers to one's hometown or birthplace, the place where someone was born or raised. It carries a nostalgic and emotional connotation, often evoking feelings of longing or fond memories. For example: I miss my hometown「故郷が恋しい」(こきょうがこいしい). I returned to my hometown after many years「長い年月を経て故郷に戻った」(ながいとしつきをへてこきょうにもどった). This word is commonly used in literature, songs, and conversations to express a deep connection to one's roots.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3627

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

House

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ハウス (hausu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'house'. It is commonly used in modern Japanese to refer to a house or building, often in contexts related to Western-style architecture or specific types of houses. For example: That house is beautiful「あのハウスはきれいです」(あのハウスはきれいです). I live in a small house「私は小さなハウスに住んでいます」(わたしはちいさなハウスにすんでいます). The term is also used in compound words like 'ドッグハウス (dog house)' or 'ガラスハウス (glass house)'. Note that while 'ハウス' is widely understood, the native Japanese word '家 (いえ)' is more commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3628

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absence

Reading

Kanji

留Stay, Detain 守Protect

Explanation

The Japanese noun '留守 (るす)' primarily means 'absence'. It is used to describe a situation where someone is not at home or away from a place. It can also imply that someone is not paying attention or is distracted. For example: I was absent from home「私は家を留守にしていた」(わたしはいえをるすにしていた). He was absent-minded during the meeting「彼は会議中に留守だった」(かれはかいぎちゅうにるすだった). Note that '留守' is often used in phrases like '留守番 (るすばん)' (house-sitting) or '留守にする' (to be away).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3629

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Expansion

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進出 (しんしゅつ)' refers to the act of advancing or expanding into a new area, market, or field. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe a company entering a new market or region. For example: The company is advancing into the European market「その会社はヨーロッパ市場に進出している」(そのかいしゃはよーろっぱしじょうにしんしゅつしている). They are expanding their business overseas「彼らは海外に進出している」(かれらはかいがいにしんしゅつしている). The word can also be used in non-business contexts, such as a sports team advancing to a higher league or a country expanding its influence.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3630

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Progress

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進行 (しんこう)' primarily means 'progress' or 'advance'. It is used to describe the forward movement or development of something, such as a project, event, or situation. For example: The meeting is progressing smoothly「会議が順調に進行している」(かいぎがじゅんちょうにしんこうしている). The disease is advancing rapidly「病気が急速に進行している」(びょうきがきゅうそくにしんこうしている). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts to indicate the ongoing nature of an activity or process.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3631

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Progress

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '進歩 (しんぽ)' means 'progress'. It refers to the act of moving forward or improving, particularly in terms of development, technology, or personal growth. This word is often used in contexts related to advancements in science, society, or individual skills. For example: The progress of technology is remarkable「技術の進歩は目覚ましい」(ぎじゅつのしんぽはめざましい). She has made great progress in her studies「彼女は勉強で大きな進歩を遂げた」(かのじょはべんきょうでおおきなしんぽをとげた). Note that '進歩' is typically used in formal or neutral contexts and is not interchangeable with casual terms like '進む (すすむ)', which simply means 'to move forward'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3632

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '前進 (ぜんしん)' means 'advance' or 'progress'. It is used to describe the act of moving forward, either physically or metaphorically. This term is often used in contexts related to movement, development, or improvement. For example: The army advanced「軍隊は前進した」(ぐんたいはぜんしんした). We need to make progress in this project「このプロジェクトで前進する必要がある」(このプロジェクトでぜんしんするひつようがある). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as making progress in life or in a particular field.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3633

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tease

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'からかう (からかう)' means 'to tease'. It is used when someone is making fun of another person in a playful or sometimes slightly mocking way. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as among friends or when someone is trying to provoke a reaction. For example: He teased his little sister「彼は妹をからかった」(かれはいもうとをからかった). Don't tease the dog「犬をからかわないで」(いぬをからかわないで). It's important to note that while 'からかう' can be playful, it can also sometimes be perceived as annoying or hurtful depending on the context and tone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3634

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Path

Reading

Kanji

進Advance 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '進路 (しんろ)' primarily means 'path' or 'course'. It is often used to describe the direction or route one takes, whether literally or metaphorically. In a literal sense, it can refer to the path of a vehicle or a person. For example: The ship changed its course「船は進路を変えた」(ふねはしんろをかえた). In a more abstract sense, it is commonly used to discuss one's future or career path. For example: I am thinking about my future path「私は進路について考えています」(わたしはしんろについてかんがえています). This word is frequently used in educational or career counseling contexts to discuss future plans or directions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3635

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Objectivity

Reading

Kanji

客Guest, Customer 観View

Explanation

The Japanese noun '客観 (きゃっかん)' refers to 'objectivity', which is the state or quality of being unbiased and not influenced by personal feelings or opinions. This term is often used in contexts such as scientific research, journalism, and philosophical discussions where an objective viewpoint is essential. For example: objectivity is important in research「研究では客観性が重要です」(けんきゅうではきゃっかんせいがじゅうようです). He tried to maintain objectivity in his analysis「彼は分析で客観性を保とうとした」(かれはぶんせきできゃっかんせいをたもとうとした). The term can also be used in contrast to '主観 (しゅかん)', which means 'subjectivity'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3636

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Precious

Reading

Kanji

貴Precious 重Heavy

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '貴重 (きちょう)' means 'precious' or 'valuable'. It is used to describe something that is highly valued, rare, or of great importance. This term is often used in contexts where something is considered irreplaceable or of significant worth, such as time, resources, or experiences. For example: This is a precious opportunity「これは貴重な機会です」(これはきちょうなきかいです). The museum has many precious artifacts「その博物館には貴重な遺物がたくさんある」(そのはくぶつかんにはきちょうないぶつがたくさんある). It can also be used to describe abstract concepts like memories or advice, emphasizing their importance and rarity.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3637

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surveillance

Reading

Kanji

監Oversee 視See, Look

Explanation

The Japanese noun '監視 (かんし)' means 'surveillance' or 'monitoring'. It refers to the act of closely observing or watching over something or someone, often to ensure safety, security, or compliance. This term is commonly used in contexts such as security systems, workplace monitoring, or even environmental observation. For example: The security camera is for surveillance「監視カメラは監視のためです」(かんしカメラはかんしのためです). The police are monitoring the area「警察がその地域を監視しています」(けいさつがそのちいきをかんししています). The word can also imply a sense of vigilance or oversight, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3638

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

National language, Japanese language

Reading

Kanji

国Country 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国語 (こくご)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning refers to the 'national language' of a country, which in the context of Japan is Japanese. The second meaning specifically refers to the 'Japanese language' as a subject of study, often taught in schools. For example: I study Japanese in school「私は学校で国語を勉強します」(わたしはがっこうでこくごをべんきょうします). The national language of Japan is Japanese「日本の国語は日本語です」(にほんのこくごはにほんごです). The term is commonly used in educational settings to refer to the study of Japanese language and literature.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3639

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home

Reading

Kanji

宅House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宅 (たく)' refers to one's home or residence. It is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as when referring to someone else's home. For example: I will visit your home「あなたの宅を訪問します」(あなたのたくをほうもんします). This word can also be used in compound words like '自宅 (じたく)' (one's own home) or '帰宅 (きたく)' (returning home). It carries a slightly formal tone and is commonly used in written language or polite speech.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3640

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '下す (くだす)' primarily means 'to decide' or 'to make a decision'. It is often used in formal or authoritative contexts, such as when a judge makes a ruling or when a leader makes an important decision. For example: The judge decided the case「裁判官は判決を下した」(さいばんかんははんけつをくだした). The government decided on the policy「政府は政策を下した」(せいふはせいさくをくだした). Additionally, '下す' can also mean 'to pass (something) down' or 'to give orders', but these meanings are less common and context-dependent. For example: The king gave orders to his subjects「王は臣下に命令を下した」(おうはしんかにめいれいをくだした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3641

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promotion

Reading

Kanji

推Infer 進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '推進 (すいしん)' means 'promotion' or 'advancement'. It refers to the act of pushing forward or promoting a plan, project, or idea. This word is often used in formal or organizational contexts, such as business, government, or policy-making. For example: the promotion of renewable energy「再生可能エネルギーの推進」(さいせいかのうえねるぎーのすいしん). We are advancing the new project「新しいプロジェクトを推進しています」(あたらしいぷろじぇくとをすいしんしています). Note that '推進' can also imply a sense of actively driving or propelling something forward, not just passively supporting it.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3642

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resignation

Reading

Kanji

辞Word, Resign 任Duty, Responsibility

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '辞任 (じにん)' means 'resignation'. It refers to the act of stepping down or resigning from a position, role, or responsibility, often used in formal or professional contexts. For example: The president announced his resignation「社長は辞任を発表した」(しゃちょうはじにんをはっぴょうした). She submitted her resignation due to health issues「彼女は健康上の理由で辞任を提出した」(かのじょはけんこうじょうのりゆうでじにんをていしゅつした). This term is commonly used in political, corporate, or organizational settings to describe the voluntary or forced departure from a position.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3643

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flattery

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 辞Word, Resign

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お世辞 (おせじ)' means 'flattery' or 'compliment', often used in a context where the speaker is being insincere or overly polite. It can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying that the praise is not entirely genuine. For example: He is just flattering you「彼はただお世辞を言っているだけだ」(かれはただおせじをいっているだけだ). Don't take her flattery seriously「彼女のお世辞を真に受けないで」(かのじょのおせじをまにうけないで). The term is often used in social situations where politeness is expected, but sincerity may be lacking.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3644

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Committee

Reading

Kanji

委Committee 員Member 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '委員会 (いいんかい)' refers to a 'committee', which is a group of people appointed for a specific function or task. This term is commonly used in organizational, governmental, or corporate contexts to describe a body that makes decisions or oversees certain activities. For example: The committee will meet tomorrow「委員会は明日会議を開きます」(いいんかいはあしたかいぎをひらきます). She is a member of the planning committee「彼女は計画委員会のメンバーです」(かのじょはけいかくいいんかいのメンバーです). The word is often used in formal settings and can refer to various types of committees, such as executive committees, advisory committees, or steering committees.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3645

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Project

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'プロジェクト (ぷろじぇくと)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'project'. It refers to a planned set of tasks or activities aimed at achieving a specific goal, often within a defined timeframe. This term is commonly used in business, academic, and technical contexts. For example: We are working on a new project「私たちは新しいプロジェクトに取り組んでいます」(わたしたちはあたらしいぷろじぇくとにとりくんでいます). The project deadline is next month「プロジェクトの締め切りは来月です」(ぷろじぇくとのしめきりはらいげつです). Note that 'プロジェクト' is often used in professional settings and is understood across various industries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3646

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Holy

Reading

Kanji

聖Saint, Holy

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '聖 (せい)' means 'holy' or 'sacred'. It is often used in religious or spiritual contexts to denote something revered or divine. This prefix is commonly attached to nouns to form compound words, such as '聖地 (せいち)' (holy place) or '聖書 (せいしょ)' (holy book/Bible). For example: This is a holy place「ここは聖地です」(ここはせいちです). The Bible is a holy book「聖書は聖なる本です」(せいしょはせいなるほんです). The prefix can also be used in secular contexts to emphasize something exceptional or revered, such as '聖域 (せいいき)' (sacred ground or sanctuary).

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3647

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attempt

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese verb '試みる (こころみる)' means 'to attempt' or 'to try'. It is used when someone makes an effort to do something, often implying that the action is experimental or involves some degree of challenge. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I will attempt to solve this problem「この問題を解決しようと試みる」(このもんだいをかいけつしようとこころみる). He attempted to climb the mountain「彼は山に登ろうと試みた」(かれはやまにのぼろうとこころみた). The verb can also be used to describe trying out new methods or ideas, as in '新しい方法を試みる (あたらしいほうほうをこころみる) (to try a new method)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3648

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commute

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 勤Diligence

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出勤 (しゅっきん)' refers to the act of commuting to work or going to one's workplace. It is commonly used in professional or daily life contexts to describe the routine of traveling to work. For example: I commute to work by train「私は電車で出勤します」(わたしはでんしゃでしゅっきんします). He is late for work today「彼は今日出勤が遅い」(かれはきょうしゅっきんがおそい). The term emphasizes the action of leaving home to go to work, and it is often paired with verbs like する (to do) to form phrases like 出勤する (to commute to work).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3649

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diligent

Reading

Kanji

勤Diligence 勉Exertion

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '勤勉 (きんべん)' means 'diligent'. It describes someone who is hardworking, industrious, and consistently puts effort into their tasks or studies. This word is often used to praise someone's work ethic or dedication. For example: He is a diligent student「彼は勤勉な学生です」(かれはきんべんながくせいです). Her diligence is admirable「彼女の勤勉さは素晴らしい」(かのじょのきんべんさはすばらしい). Note that '勤勉' is often followed by the particle 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '勤勉な人 (きんべんなひと) (diligent person)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3650

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bay

Reading

Kanji

湾Bay, Gulf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湾 (わん)' refers to a 'bay', which is a body of water partially enclosed by land. It is commonly used in geographical contexts to describe coastal features. For example: Tokyo Bay is beautiful「東京湾は美しい」(とうきょうわんはうつくしい). The ship entered the bay「船が湾に入った」(ふねがわんにはいった). This word is often used in place names, such as '東京湾 (とうきょうわん) (Tokyo Bay)' or '大阪湾 (おおさかわん) (Osaka Bay)'. It is important to note that '湾' specifically refers to a bay and not other types of water bodies like lakes or rivers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3651

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hiroshima

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ヒロシマ' refers to the city of Hiroshima, located in the western part of Japan's Honshu island. It is historically significant as the first city in the world to suffer a nuclear attack during World War II on August 6, 1945. Today, Hiroshima is known for its Peace Memorial Park and Museum, which commemorate the victims and promote peace. Example sentences: I visited Hiroshima last year「去年ヒロシマを訪れました」(きょねんヒロシマをおとずれました). Hiroshima is a symbol of peace「ヒロシマは平和の象徴です」(ヒロシマはへいわのしょうちょうです).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

3652

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warship

Reading

Kanji

艦Warship

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '艦 (かん)' refers to 'warship' or 'naval vessel'. It is commonly used in compound words to denote specific types of military ships. For example: battleship「戦艦」(せんかん), aircraft carrier「空母艦」(くうぼかん), and cruiser「巡洋艦」(じゅんようかん). This suffix is often seen in historical or military contexts and is not typically used in everyday conversation. Example sentences: The battleship is large「戦艦は大きい」(せんかんはおおきい). The aircraft carrier is powerful「空母艦は強い」(くうぼかんはつよい).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3653

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work, Service

Reading

Kanji

勤Diligence 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '勤務 (きんむ)' refers to the act of working or being employed, often in a formal or professional capacity. It is commonly used to describe one's job duties, employment status, or the act of serving in a specific role. For example: I work at a company「私は会社に勤務しています」(わたしはかいしゃにきんむしています). His service in the military was commendable「彼の軍隊での勤務は称賛に値する」(かれのぐんたいでのきんむはしょうさんにあたいする). The word is often used in contexts related to employment, such as '勤務時間 (きんむじかん)' (working hours) or '勤務先 (きんむさき)' (place of work).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3654

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Civil servant

Reading

Kanji

公Public 務Duty, Task 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '公務員 (こうむいん)' refers to a 'civil servant' or 'public servant'. This term is used to describe individuals who work for the government or public sector, performing administrative, clerical, or other official duties. The role of a 公務員 is often associated with stability and respect in Japanese society. For example: He became a civil servant「彼は公務員になった」(かれはこうむいんになった). Civil servants work for the public good「公務員は公共の利益のために働く」(こうむいんはこうきょうのりえきのためにはたらく). The term can also be used in a broader sense to include various levels of government employees, from local to national.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3655

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change, Fluctuation

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese noun '変動 (へんどう)' refers to a change or fluctuation, often in the context of something that is not stable or constant. It is commonly used to describe changes in prices, conditions, or situations. For example: The price fluctuation is significant「価格の変動が大きい」(かかくのへんどうがおおきい). There was a sudden change in the weather「天候に突然の変動があった」(てんこうにとつぜんのへんどうがあった). This word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3656

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unfortunately

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あいにく (ainiku)' means 'unfortunately'. It is used to express regret or disappointment about a situation that is beyond one's control. This word often conveys a sense of bad timing or inconvenience. For example: Unfortunately, it started to rain「あいにく雨が降り始めた」(あいにくあめがふりはじめた). Unfortunately, the store is closed today「あいにく今日は店が閉まっている」(あいにくきょうはみせがしまっている). The nuance of 'あいにく' often implies that the situation is inconvenient or disappointing, but not necessarily tragic or severe.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3657

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scene

Reading

Kanji

光Light 景Scene

Explanation

The Japanese noun '光景 (こうけい)' refers to a 'scene' or 'sight', often used to describe a visual impression or a specific view that is observed. It can be used for both natural and man-made scenes, and often carries a sense of the scene being noteworthy or memorable. For example: The scene of the sunset was beautiful「夕日の光景は美しかった」(ゆうひのこうけいはうつくしかった). I will never forget the scene of the accident「事故の光景は忘れられない」(じこのこうけいはわすれられない). This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literary contexts to evoke vivid imagery.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3658

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Other, Another

Reading

Kanji

他Other (亻)方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '他方 (たほう)' means 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different or alternative side, direction, or aspect of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to contrast two different things or perspectives. For example: On the other hand, he is very kind「他方、彼はとても親切だ」(たほう、かれはとてもしんせつだ). Another example: We need to consider the other side of the argument「議論の他方を考慮する必要がある」(ぎろんのたほうをこうりょするひつようがある). The word '他方' can also be used to indicate a different direction or place, such as in the sentence: The store is on the other side of the street「店は通りの他方にある」(みせはとおりのたほうにある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3659

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Load, Publish

Reading

Kanji

載Load, Publish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '載せる (のせる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to load' or 'to place something on top of something else'. For example: I loaded the boxes onto the truck「箱をトラックに載せた」(はこをトラックにのせた). The second meaning is 'to publish' or 'to include something in a publication'. For example: The article was published in the newspaper「その記事は新聞に載せられた」(そのきじはしんぶんにのせられた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when someone's name is included in a list or when information is shared publicly. For example: Her name was listed on the website「彼女の名前がウェブサイトに載せられた」(かのじょのなまえがウェブサイトにのせられた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3660

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clerk

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 務Duty, Task 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事務員 (じむいん)' refers to a 'clerk' or 'office worker'. This term is commonly used to describe someone who performs administrative or clerical tasks in an office setting. It is a neutral term and does not imply any specific rank or seniority. For example: She works as a clerk「彼女は事務員として働いています」(かのじょはじむいんとしてはたらいています). The clerk is organizing the documents「事務員が書類を整理しています」(じむいんがしょるいをせいりしています). This word is often used in professional or formal contexts to describe someone handling routine office duties.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3661

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employee

Reading

Kanji

従Follow, Obey 業Business 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '従業員 (じゅうぎょういん)' refers to an 'employee', someone who works for a company or organization. This term is commonly used in business and workplace contexts to describe individuals who are employed by a company, regardless of their specific role or position. For example: The company has many employees「その会社には多くの従業員がいます」(そのかいしゃにはおおくのじゅうぎょういんがいます). She is a new employee「彼女は新しい従業員です」(かのじょはあたらしいじゅうぎょういんです). The term is neutral and can refer to both full-time and part-time workers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3662

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employment

Reading

Kanji

雇Employ, Hire 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '雇用 (こよう)' means 'employment'. It refers to the act of hiring or employing someone, or the state of being employed. This term is commonly used in contexts related to jobs, labor, and workforce. For example: The company is increasing employment「その会社は雇用を増やしている」(そのかいしゃはこようをふやしている). Stable employment is important「安定した雇用は重要だ」(あんていしたこようはじゅうようだ). Note that '雇用' can also be used in compound words like '雇用契約 (こようけいやく)' (employment contract) or '雇用主 (こようぬし)' (employer).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3663

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Material

Reading

Kanji

素Element 材Materials, Timber

Explanation

The Japanese noun '素材 (そざい)' primarily means 'material'. It refers to the raw substance or components used to create or build something. This term is commonly used in contexts such as cooking, art, construction, and manufacturing. For example: This dish uses fresh ingredients「この料理は新鮮な素材を使っています」(このりょうりはしんせんなそざいをつかっています). The artist chose high-quality materials「その芸術家は高品質の素材を選びました」(そのげいじゅつかはこうひんしつのそざいをえらびました). The word can also metaphorically refer to the basis or foundation of something, such as ideas or stories.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3664

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acid

Reading

Kanji

酸Bitter, Acid

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '酸 (さん)' means 'acid'. It is used in chemistry to denote substances that have acidic properties. This suffix is commonly attached to the names of specific acids, such as hydrochloric acid (塩酸, えんさん) or sulfuric acid (硫酸, りゅうさん). For example: This solution contains hydrochloric acid「この溶液には塩酸が含まれている」(このようえきにはえんさんがふくまれている). Sulfuric acid is highly corrosive「硫酸は非常に腐食性が高い」(りゅうさんはひじょうにふしょくせいがたかい). The suffix '酸' is essential in scientific and chemical contexts to identify and describe acidic compounds.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3665

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Achievement, Performance

Reading

Kanji

業Business 績Achievement

Explanation

The Japanese noun '業績 (ぎょうせき)' refers to achievements or performance, particularly in the context of business, work, or academic endeavors. It is often used to describe measurable results, such as financial performance, sales figures, or academic accomplishments. For example: The company's performance improved this year「今年の業績は向上した」(ことしのぎょうせきはこうじょうした). His academic achievements are impressive「彼の学業成績は素晴らしい」(かれのがくぎょうせいせきはすばらしい). Note that '業績' is commonly used in formal or professional settings and emphasizes quantifiable results.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3666

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oxygen

Reading

Kanji

酸Bitter, Acid 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酸素 (さんそ)' means 'oxygen'. It refers to the chemical element with the symbol O and atomic number 8, which is essential for life and combustion. This word is commonly used in scientific, medical, and everyday contexts. For example: Oxygen is necessary for life「酸素は生命に必要です」(さんそはせいめいにひつようです). Plants produce oxygen「植物は酸素を生産します」(しょくぶつはさんそをせいさんします). The word is also used in compounds like '酸素マスク (さんそマスク)' (oxygen mask) or '酸素ボンベ (さんそボンベ)' (oxygen tank).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3667

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice field

Reading

Kanji

田Rice field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '田 (た)' refers to a 'rice field' or 'paddy field'. It specifically denotes a field where rice is cultivated, which is a common agricultural practice in Japan. This word is often used in compound words related to farming or rural areas. For example: there is a rice field near my house「私の家の近くに田がある」(わたしのいえのちかくにたがある). The rice fields are beautiful in the summer「夏の田は美しい」(なつのたはうつくしい). The word can also appear in names of places or surnames, reflecting the historical importance of rice cultivation in Japanese culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3668

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Each person

Reading

Kanji

一One 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一人一人 (ひとりひとり)' means 'each person' or 'every individual'. It emphasizes the individuality of each person within a group. This word is often used to highlight the importance of considering or addressing each person separately, rather than treating a group as a homogeneous entity. For example: Each person has their own opinion「一人一人が自分の意見を持っている」(ひとりひとりがじぶんのいけんをもっている). The teacher spoke to each student individually「先生は一人一人の生徒に話しかけた」(せんせいはひとりひとりのせいとにはなしかけた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3669

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Application

Reading

Kanji

応Answer, Respond 募Raise, Recruit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '応募 (おうぼ)' means 'application' and is used to refer to the act of applying for something, such as a job, contest, or event. It is commonly used in contexts where individuals submit their details or qualifications to be considered for a position or opportunity. For example: I applied for the job「私はその仕事に応募した」(わたしはそのしごとにおうぼした). She is applying for the scholarship「彼女は奨学金に応募している」(かのじょはしょうがくきんにおうぼしている). The word is often paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the action of applying, as in '応募する (おうぼする)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3670

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concentration

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '集中 (しゅうちゅう)' means 'concentration'. It refers to the act of focusing one's attention or mental effort on a specific task or object. This word is often used in contexts related to studying, work, or any activity that requires intense focus. For example: I need to concentrate on my studies「私は勉強に集中する必要がある」(わたしはべんきょうにしゅうちゅうするひつようがある). The team concentrated on the project「チームはプロジェクトに集中した」(チームはプロジェクトにしゅうちゅうした). It can also be used to describe the concentration of something in a physical sense, such as the concentration of a substance in a solution.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gathering

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '集合 (しゅうごう)' means 'gathering' or 'assembly'. It refers to the act of people or things coming together in one place. This word is often used in formal or organized contexts, such as meetings, events, or mathematical sets. For example: The gathering will start at 10 AM「集合は10時に始まります」(しゅうごうは10じにはじまります). Please gather at the entrance「入口に集合してください」(いりぐちにしゅうごうしてください). In mathematics, it can also refer to a 'set', as in '集合論 (しゅうごうろん) (set theory)'. The word is neutral and can be used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3672

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intrusion

Reading

Kanji

侵Invade 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '侵入 (しんにゅう)' refers to the act of entering a place without permission, often implying an unwelcome or unauthorized entry. It is commonly used in contexts involving trespassing, breaking and entering, or unauthorized access to restricted areas. For example: The police arrested the man for intrusion「警察はその男を侵入で逮捕した」(けいさつはそのおとこをしんにゅうでたいほした). The security system prevents intrusion「セキュリティシステムが侵入を防ぐ」(セキュリティシステムがしんにゅうをふせぐ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe unwelcome interference in personal matters or privacy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3673

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fatten

Reading

Kanji

太Thick, Fat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '太る (ふとる)' means 'to gain weight' or 'to become fat'. It is used to describe the process of increasing body weight, often due to overeating or lack of exercise. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing someone's physical condition or discussing health and diet. For example: I gained weight「太った」(ふとった). She is worried about gaining weight「彼女は太ることを心配している」(かのじょはふとることをしんぱいしている). It's important to note that '太る' is often used in a neutral or negative context, and it can be sensitive when referring to someone's weight.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3674

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gathering

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese noun '集まり (あつまり)' refers to a gathering or assembly of people, things, or ideas. It is commonly used to describe events where people come together, such as meetings, parties, or social gatherings. For example: There was a gathering at the park「公園で集まりがあった」(こうえんであつまりがあった). The gathering of ideas is important for innovation「アイデアの集まりは革新に重要だ」(アイデアのあつまりはかくしんにじゅうようだ). This word can also be used to describe a collection of objects or data, such as 'a collection of books' (本の集まり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3675

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collection

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain 集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '収集 (しゅうしゅう)' means 'collection'. It refers to the act of gathering or collecting items, information, or data. This word is often used in contexts such as collecting stamps, data collection, or gathering resources. For example: I enjoy stamp collection「私は切手の収集が好きです」(わたしはきってのしゅうしゅうがすきです). Data collection is important for research「研究にはデータの収集が重要です」(けんきゅうにはデータのしゅうしゅうがじゅうようです). The word can also imply a systematic or purposeful gathering of items or information.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3676

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Profitability

Reading

Kanji

採Gather, Pick 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '採算 (さいさん)' refers to 'profitability' or the financial viability of a business or project. It is often used in economic or business contexts to discuss whether an endeavor is financially sustainable or worth pursuing. For example: The project's profitability is uncertain「そのプロジェクトの採算は不透明だ」(そのプロジェクトのさいさんはふとうめいだ). We need to consider profitability before proceeding「採算を考えてから進める必要がある」(さいさんをかんがえてからすすめるひつようがある). This term is commonly used in discussions about business strategies, investments, and financial planning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3677

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Round

Reading

Kanji

丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '丸い (まるい)' means 'round'. This adjective is used to describe something that has a circular or spherical shape. It can be applied to physical objects, such as balls or plates, as well as abstract concepts like a round number. For example: the moon is round「月は丸い」(つきはまるい). She has a round face「彼女は丸い顔をしている」(かのじょはまるいかおをしている). The adjective can also be used metaphorically to describe something as harmonious or well-rounded, such as a person's personality. For instance: he has a well-rounded personality「彼は丸い性格だ」(かれはまるいせいかくだ).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3678

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

No

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ノー (nou)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'no'. It is used in contexts similar to English, to express refusal, disagreement, or negation. This term is often used in casual conversations and is understood widely due to its simplicity and directness. Example sentences include: He said no「彼はノーと言った」(かれはノーといった). No, I don't want to go「ノー、行きたくない」(ノー、いきたくない). It's important to note that while 'ノー' is commonly used, traditional Japanese expressions of negation like 'いいえ' (iie) are also prevalent and can be more appropriate in formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3679

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese verb '効く (きく)' means 'to work' or 'to be effective'. It is commonly used to describe the effectiveness of something, such as medicine, methods, or strategies. For example: This medicine works「この薬は効く」(このくすりはきく). His plan worked「彼の計画は効いた」(かれのけいかくはきいた). It can also be used in a broader sense to indicate that something has an impact or influence. For instance: Her words worked on him「彼女の言葉が彼に効いた」(かのじょのことばがかれにきいた). Note that '効く' is often used in contexts where the effectiveness of something is being evaluated or observed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3680

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make, Brew

Reading

Kanji

造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese verb '造る (つくる)' primarily means 'to make' or 'to create'. It is often used in contexts involving the creation or production of something tangible, such as food, drinks, or objects. For example: He makes wine「彼はワインを造る」(かれはワインをつくる). The second meaning, 'to brew', is specific to the production of alcoholic beverages like sake or beer. For example: They brew sake at this factory「この工場では酒を造る」(このこうじょうではさけをつくる). The verb can also imply a sense of craftsmanship or careful production, especially when used in traditional or artisanal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3681

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chant, Assert

Reading

Kanji

唱Chant

Explanation

The Japanese verb '唱える (となえる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to chant', often used in the context of reciting or repeating something rhythmically, such as a prayer, mantra, or slogan. For example: he chanted a prayer「彼は祈りを唱えた」(かれはいのりをとなえた). The second meaning is 'to assert' or 'to claim', used when someone states or declares something firmly, often in a formal or argumentative context. For example: she asserted her opinion「彼女は意見を唱えた」(かのじょはけんをとなえた). The verb can also imply a sense of advocating or proposing an idea. Note that the nuance of '唱える' in the context of asserting often carries a formal or authoritative tone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3682

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grading

Reading

Kanji

採Gather, Pick 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '採点 (さいてん)' refers to the act of grading or marking, particularly in an academic or evaluative context. It is commonly used when teachers or examiners assess and assign scores to tests, assignments, or performances. For example: The teacher is grading the tests「先生がテストを採点している」(せんせいがテストをさいてんしている). Grading will be completed by tomorrow「採点は明日までに終わります」(さいてんはあしたまでにおわります). This term is often used in educational settings and emphasizes the process of evaluation rather than the result.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3683

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Supply

Reading

Kanji

供Accompany, Offer 給Supply, Salary

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '供給 (きょうきゅう)' means 'supply'. It refers to the act of providing or furnishing something, often in the context of goods, services, or resources. This term is commonly used in economic, business, and everyday contexts. For example: The company supplies electricity「その会社は電気を供給する」(そのかいしゃはでんきをきょうきゅうする). Water supply is essential for life「水の供給は生命に不可欠だ」(みずのきょうきゅうはせいめいにふかけつだ). Note that '供給' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '供給する' (to supply).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3684

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salary

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 給Supply, Salary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月給 (げっきゅう)' refers to a monthly salary or wage. It is commonly used in professional and business contexts to describe the fixed amount of money an employee receives each month for their work. For example: His salary is high「彼の月給は高い」(かれのげっきゅうはたかい). I receive my salary at the end of the month「月末に月給をもらいます」(げつまつにげっきゅうをもらいます). The term is often used in formal settings and is distinct from other forms of payment like hourly wages or bonuses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3685

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ジャンプ (janpu)' means 'jump'. It is derived from the English word 'jump' and is used in the same way to describe the action of leaping into the air or over something. This term is commonly used in sports, dance, and everyday conversation. For example: The athlete made a high jump「その選手は高いジャンプをした」(そのせんしゅはたかいジャンプをした). The rabbit jumped over the fence「ウサギはフェンスをジャンプした」(ウサギはフェンスをジャンプした). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a sudden increase or leap in progress, such as in 'sales jumped'「売り上げがジャンプした」(うりあげがジャンプした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

3686

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hourly wage

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 給Supply, Salary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '時給 (じきゅう)' refers to 'hourly wage', which is the amount of money paid to an employee for each hour of work. This term is commonly used in part-time or temporary job contexts where payment is calculated based on the number of hours worked. For example: My hourly wage is 1000 yen「私の時給は1000円です」(わたしのじきゅうはせんえんです). The hourly wage at that store is high「あの店の時給は高いです」(あのみせのじきゅうはたかいです). It's important to note that '時給' is often used in job advertisements or when discussing employment terms.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3687

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

People

Reading

Kanji

人Person 民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人民 (じんみん)' refers to 'the people' or 'the populace' in a general sense, often used in political or social contexts. It emphasizes the collective group of individuals within a society or nation. This term is commonly used in formal or historical contexts, such as discussing the rights, struggles, or governance of a population. For example: The people rose up against the government「人民が政府に対して立ち上がった」(じんみんがせいふにたいしてたちあがった). The welfare of the people is important「人民の福祉は重要だ」(じんみんのふくしはじゅうようだ). Note that this term can carry a slightly formal or ideological tone, often seen in political discourse or historical texts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3688

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eight thousand

Reading

Kanji

八Eight 千Thousand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '八千 (はっせん)' literally means 'eight thousand'. It is a numerical term used to denote the quantity 8,000. This word is often used in contexts involving counting, measurements, or large quantities. For example: there are eight thousand people in the stadium「スタジアムには八千人がいる」(スタジアムにははっせんにんがいる). The price of the car is eight thousand dollars「その車の値段は八千ドルです」(そのくるまのねだんははっせんドルです). Note that '八千' is a specific number and is not used metaphorically or abstractly.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3689

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inauguration

Reading

Kanji

就Settle, Concerning 任Duty, Responsibility

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '就任 (しゅうにん)' refers to the act of assuming a position or office, often used in formal contexts such as politics, business, or organizations. It implies the official start of a new role or responsibility. For example: The president's inauguration ceremony was held yesterday「大統領の就任式は昨日行われた」(だいとうりょうのしゅうにんしきはきのうおこなわれた). He assumed the position of CEO「彼はCEOに就任した」(かれはしーいーおーにしゅうにんした). The term is commonly used in news reports, official announcements, and formal speeches.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3690

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subtle, Doubtful

Reading

Kanji

微Slight, Delicate 妙Exquisite, Marvelous

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '微妙 (びみょう)' can mean 'subtle' or 'doubtful', depending on the context. When used to mean 'subtle', it refers to something that is delicate, nuanced, or not easily noticeable. For example: The difference is subtle「その違いは微妙だ」(そのちがいはびみょうだ). When used to mean 'doubtful', it expresses uncertainty or skepticism about something. For example: I'm doubtful about his plan「彼の計画は微妙だ」(かれのけいかくはびみょうだ). This word is often used in casual conversation to express that something is 'questionable' or 'not quite right' without being overly negative. It can also be used to describe a situation that is hard to judge or evaluate clearly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3691

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Color

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'カラー (karaa)' means 'color'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used in various contexts to refer to colors, color schemes, or color-related concepts. For example: I like this color「このカラーが好きです」(このからーがすきです). The color of the sky is beautiful「空のカラーがきれいです」(そらのからーがきれいです). This word is often used in fashion, design, and art contexts. It can also refer to the concept of color in a more abstract sense, such as in 'カラーテレビ (karaa terebi)' meaning 'color TV'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3692

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Victory

Reading

Kanji

勝Victory 利Profit, Advantage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '勝利 (しょうり)' means 'victory'. It is used to describe the act of winning or achieving success in a competition, battle, or any challenging situation. This word is often used in contexts such as sports, games, or conflicts. For example: The team achieved victory「チームは勝利を収めた」(チームはしょうりをおさめた). Victory is near「勝利は近い」(しょうりはちかい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe overcoming personal struggles or challenges.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'っこ (kko)' is often used to refer to a child or someone younger in a casual or affectionate manner. It can also denote a sense of endearment or familiarity. This suffix is commonly attached to names or nouns to create a diminutive or affectionate form. For example: Taro's child「太郎っこ」(たろうっこ). A little girl「女の子っこ」(おんなのこっこ). It's important to note that this suffix is informal and typically used in spoken language or casual settings.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

3694

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit, Ask

Reading

Kanji

伺Inquire, Pay respects

Explanation

The Japanese verb '伺う (うかがう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to ask' or 'to inquire', often used in polite or formal situations. For example: I would like to ask a question「質問を伺いたいです」(しつもんをうかがいたいです). The second meaning is 'to visit', also used in a polite or humble context. For example: I will visit your office tomorrow「明日、御社に伺います」(あした、おんしゃにうかがいます). This verb is commonly used in business or formal settings to show respect or humility.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3695

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sway

Reading

Kanji

揺Rock, Shake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '揺れる (ゆれる)' means 'to sway' or 'to shake'. It is used to describe the movement of something that is not firmly fixed, such as trees in the wind, a boat on the water, or even emotions. For example: The trees sway in the wind「木が風で揺れる」(きがかぜでゆれる). The boat swayed on the waves「船が波で揺れた」(ふねがなみでゆれた). Her heart swayed with emotion「彼女の心は感情で揺れた」(かのじょのこころはかんじょうでゆれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe indecision or emotional instability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3696

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

House of Councilors

Reading

Kanji

参Participate 議Deliberation 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese noun '参議院 (さんぎいん)' refers to the 'House of Councilors,' which is the upper house of the National Diet of Japan. It is one of the two houses in the Japanese legislative system, along with the House of Representatives (衆議院, しゅうぎいん). The House of Councillors plays a key role in passing laws and overseeing the government. Example: Members of the House of Councillors are directly elected by the people 「参議院の議員は国民によって直接選ばれる」 (さんぎいんのぎいんはこくみんによってちょくせつえらばれる). The House of Councillors has 242 seats 「参議院は242議席ある」 (さんぎいんは242ぎせきある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3697

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit

Reading

Kanji

参Participate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'お参り (おまいり)' refers to the act of visiting a shrine, temple, or grave, often for the purpose of paying respects, praying, or making offerings. It is commonly used in the context of religious or spiritual practices. For example: I will visit the shrine「お寺にお参りします」(おてらにおまいりします). We visited the grave during Obon「お盆にお墓にお参りしました」(おぼんにおはかにおまいりしました). The term carries a respectful tone and is often associated with traditional customs and rituals.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3698

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reference book

Reading

Kanji

参Participate 考Think, Consider 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '参考書 (さんこうしょ)' means 'reference book'. This term is commonly used to describe books that provide detailed information or guidance on a specific subject, often used for study or research purposes. For example: I bought a reference book for the exam「試験のために参考書を買いました」(しけんのためにさんこうしょをかいました). This reference book is very useful「この参考書はとても役に立ちます」(このさんこうしょはとてもやくにたちます). It's important to note that '参考書' is often used in academic or professional contexts, where detailed and reliable information is required.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3699

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin

Reading

Kanji

源Origin, Source

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '源 (げん)' means 'origin' or 'source'. It is often used in names, both personal and geographical, to denote the beginning or source of something. For example, it can be found in the name of the famous Japanese historical figure Minamoto no Yoshitsune (源義経, みなもとのよしつね), where '源' signifies the Minamoto clan, one of the most prominent clans in Japanese history. Another example is the word '水源 (すいげん)', which means 'water source'. This suffix is also used in compound words to indicate the origin or source of something, such as '情報源 (じょうほうげん)', meaning 'information source'. Example sentences: The origin of the river is in the mountains「川の源は山にある」(かわのみなもとはやまにある). This book is a good source of information「この本は良い情報源だ」(このほんはよいじょうほうげんだ).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3700

Composition

kanji

Handwriting