word

Meaning

Hardness

Reading

Kanji

硬Hard, Stiff

Explanation

The Japanese noun '硬さ (かたさ)' refers to the quality or state of being hard, firm, or rigid. It is often used to describe the physical property of materials, such as metals, rocks, or even food. For example: the hardness of this stone is remarkable「この石の硬さはすごい」(このいしのかたさはすごい). The hardness of the bread made it difficult to eat「パンの硬さで食べにくかった」(パンのかたさでたべにくかった). In some contexts, it can also metaphorically describe someone's stubbornness or inflexibility, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4501

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flexible

Reading

Kanji

柔Soft, Gentle 軟Soft

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '柔軟 (じゅうなん)' means 'flexible'. It is used to describe something that can bend or adapt easily without breaking. This can refer to physical objects, such as materials, or abstract concepts, like thinking or attitudes. For example: She has a flexible mind「彼女は柔軟な考え方を持っている」(かのじょはじゅうなんなかんがえかたをもっている). This rubber is very flexible「このゴムはとても柔軟だ」(このゴムはとてもじゅうなんだ). The word can also imply adaptability or openness to change, as in '柔軟な対応 (じゅうなんなたいおう) (flexible response)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4502

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Urgent

Reading

Kanji

緊Tense, Tighten 急Urgent

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '緊急 (きんきゅう)' means 'urgent' and is used to describe situations, matters, or actions that require immediate attention or action. It often conveys a sense of importance and immediacy. For example: This is an urgent matter「これは緊急の事です」(これはきんきゅうのことです). An urgent meeting was held「緊急の会議が開かれました」(きんきゅうのかいぎがひらかれました). The word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as emergencies, official announcements, or critical situations.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4503

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ant

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あり (あり)' means 'ant'. This word refers to the small, social insect commonly found in nature. It is used in everyday conversation and can appear in various contexts, such as describing ants in the environment or using them metaphorically. For example: There are many ants in the garden「庭にありがたくさんいる」(にわにありがたくさんいる). The ant is carrying food「ありが食べ物を運んでいる」(ありがたべものをはこんでいる). The word 'あり' is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its literal definition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4504

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tension, Nervousness

Reading

Kanji

緊Tense, Tighten 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '緊張 (きんちょう)' refers to a state of mental or physical strain, often due to stress, anxiety, or anticipation. It can describe both emotional nervousness and physical tension. For example: I felt nervous before the presentation「プレゼンの前に緊張した」(ぷれぜんのまえにきんちょうした). The tension in the room was palpable「部屋の緊張が感じられた」(へやのきんちょうがかんじられた). This word is commonly used in situations involving high-pressure scenarios, such as exams, performances, or important meetings. It can also describe the physical tension in muscles or objects, like a tightly stretched rope.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4505

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expansion

Reading

Kanji

拡Expand, Broaden 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拡張 (かくちょう)' means 'expansion'. It refers to the act of making something larger or more extensive, often used in contexts such as technology, business, or physical spaces. For example: The company is planning an expansion「会社は拡張を計画している」(かいしゃはかくちょうをけいかくしている). The software supports memory expansion「そのソフトウェアはメモリの拡張をサポートしている」(そのソフトウェアはメモリのかくちょうをサポートしている). This term is commonly used in technical or formal settings and implies growth or extension beyond current limits.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4506

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business trip

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出張 (しゅっちょう)' refers to a 'business trip'. It is used to describe traveling for work-related purposes, such as attending meetings, conferences, or other professional duties. This term is commonly used in professional settings and implies that the trip is work-related rather than personal. For example: I have a business trip tomorrow「明日は出張です」(あしたはしゅっちょうです). He went on a business trip to Osaka「彼は大阪に出張しました」(かれはおおさかにしゅっちょうしました). Note that '出張' is often used with verbs like する (to do) or 行く (to go) to indicate the action of going on a business trip.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4507

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Impression

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感想 (かんそう)' refers to one's thoughts, impressions, or feelings about something, often after experiencing or observing it. It is commonly used in contexts like sharing opinions about a movie, book, or event. For example: What are your impressions of the movie?「映画の感想は？」(えいがのかんそうは？). I shared my thoughts about the trip「旅行の感想を話しました」(りょこうのかんそうをはなしました). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and casual settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4508

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bookstore

Reading

Kanji

書Write 店Shop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書店 (しょてん)' refers to a 'bookstore', a place where books are sold. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to a shop that specializes in selling books. It can be used in various contexts, such as asking for directions to a bookstore or discussing where to buy a specific book. For example: I bought this novel at the bookstore「この小説は書店で買いました」(このしょうせつはしょてんでかいました). There is a bookstore near the station「駅の近くに書店があります」(えきのちかくにしょてんがあります). The word '書店' is often used interchangeably with '本屋 (ほんや)', though '書店' can sound slightly more formal or literary.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4509

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intake

Reading

Kanji

摂Take in, Vicarious 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese noun '摂取 (せっしゅ)' refers to the act of taking in or consuming something, often used in contexts related to nutrition, medicine, or substances. It can describe the intake of food, nutrients, or even information. For example: daily nutrient intake「毎日の栄養摂取」(まいにちのえいようせっしゅ). Excessive caffeine intake can be harmful「過剰なカフェイン摂取は有害です」(かじょうなカフェインせっしゅはゆうがいです). This word is commonly used in health-related discussions and scientific contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4510

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deposit

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入金 (にゅうきん)' refers to a 'deposit' or the act of depositing money into an account. It is commonly used in financial contexts, such as banking, business transactions, or personal finance. For example: The deposit has been confirmed「入金が確認されました」(にゅうきんがかくにんされました). Please make a deposit by tomorrow「明日までに入金してください」(あしたまでににゅうきんしてください). This term is often used in formal or business settings and is essential for discussing payments, transfers, or financial records.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4511

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Naked

Reading

Kanji

裸Naked, Nude

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裸 (はだか)' means 'naked'. It refers to the state of being without clothing or covering. This word can be used literally to describe a person or object that is uncovered, or metaphorically to describe something that is exposed or stripped down to its essentials. For example: He was naked「彼は裸だった」(かれははだかだった). The truth was laid bare「真実が裸になった」(しんじつがはだかになった). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '裸足 (はだし)' (barefoot) or '裸眼 (らがん)' (naked eye).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4512

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plaza

Reading

Kanji

広Wide 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '広場 (ひろば)' refers to a 'plaza' or 'open square', typically a public space in a city or town where people can gather. It is often used to describe a large, open area that is surrounded by buildings or other structures. For example: Let's meet at the plaza「広場で会いましょう」(ひろばであいましょう). The children are playing in the plaza「子供たちは広場で遊んでいます」(こどもたちはひろばであそんでいます). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a space for open discussion or exchange of ideas, such as in a 'forum' or 'public square' context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4513

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grape

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ブドウ (ぶどう)' refers to 'grape', the fruit. It is commonly used to describe the fruit itself, grape-related products, or grapevines. For example: I ate grapes「ブドウを食べた」(ぶどうをたべた). This wine is made from grapes「このワインはブドウから作られている」(このワインはぶどうからつくられている). The word is often used in contexts related to food, beverages, or agriculture. Note that 'ブドウ' is typically written in katakana, as it is a common noun for the fruit, but it can also be written in kanji as '葡萄' (ぶどう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4514

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conflict, Collision

Reading

Kanji

衝Collide 突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '衝突 (しょうとつ)' primarily means 'collision', referring to a physical impact between objects or entities. It can also mean 'conflict', describing a clash of opinions, interests, or forces. For example: The cars collided at the intersection「車が交差点で衝突した」(くるまがこうさてんでしょうとつした). There was a conflict between the two groups「二つのグループの間に衝突があった」(ふたつのグループのあいだにしょうとつがあった). The word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, making it versatile in describing physical accidents or interpersonal disputes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4515

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chimney

Reading

Kanji

煙Smoke 突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese noun '煙突 (えんとつ)' refers to a 'chimney', which is a vertical structure that provides ventilation for smoke or gases from a fireplace, furnace, or stove. It is commonly used in the context of buildings, factories, or ships. For example: The smoke is coming out of the chimney「煙突から煙が出ている」(えんとつからけむりがでている). The factory has a tall chimney「その工場には高い煙突がある」(そのこうじょうにはたかいえんとつがある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something resembling a chimney in shape or function.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4516

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back channeling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あいづち' refers to the practice of backchanneling, which is the use of short verbal or non-verbal responses during a conversation to show that one is listening and engaged. In Japanese culture, 'あいづち' plays a crucial role in communication, as it helps to maintain the flow of conversation and shows respect and attentiveness to the speaker. Common examples of 'あいづち' include 'はい' (yes), 'ええ' (uh-huh), 'そうですね' (that's right), and nodding. For example: She nodded and said 'はい' to show she was listening「彼女は聞いていることを示すためにうなずいて『はい』と言った」(かのじょはきいていることをしめすためにうなずいて『はい』といった). During the meeting, he frequently used 'あいづち' to show he was paying attention「会議中、彼は注意を払っていることを示すために頻繁にあいづちを打った」(かいぎちゅう、かれはちゅういをはらっていることをしめすためにひんぱんにあいづちをうった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4517

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Self Defense Forces

Reading

Kanji

自Self 衛Protect, Defense 隊Squad

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自衛隊 (じえいたい)' refers to the 'Self-Defense Forces' of Japan, which is the country's military organization. Established after World War II, the Self-Defense Forces are primarily responsible for national defense and disaster relief operations. The term is often used in discussions about Japan's defense policies, international military cooperation, and domestic emergency responses. Example sentences: The Self-Defense Forces conducted a rescue operation「自衛隊が救助活動を行った」(じえいたいがきゅうじょかつどうをおこなった). He joined the Self-Defense Forces「彼は自衛隊に入隊した」(かれはじえいたいににゅうたいした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オイル (oiru)' refers to 'oil'. This term is commonly used to describe various types of oil, including cooking oil, engine oil, and essential oils. It is a loanword from English, and its usage is quite straightforward. For example: I need to buy cooking oil「料理用のオイルを買う必要がある」(りょうりようのオイルをかうひつようがある). The car needs an oil change「車のオイル交換が必要だ」(くるまのオイルこうかんがひつようだ). The word is versatile and can be used in different contexts depending on the type of oil being referred to.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4519

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Kanji

類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '類い (たぐい)' refers to a 'kind' or 'type' of something, often used to categorize or group similar things together. It can also imply a comparison, suggesting that something is of the same kind or level as another. For example: This is a rare kind of flower「これは類い稀な花だ」(これはたぐいまれなはなだ). He is not of the same type as the others「彼は他の人とは類いが違う」(かれはほかのひととはたぐいがちがう). The word can carry a nuance of rarity or uniqueness when used in certain contexts, such as '類い稀 (たぐいまれ)', meaning 'rare' or 'uncommon'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4520

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clothing

Reading

Kanji

服Obey, Clothing 装Dress, Attire

Explanation

The Japanese noun '服装 (ふくそう)' refers to 'clothing' or 'attire'. It is used to describe the clothes someone is wearing, often in the context of their style, formality, or appropriateness for a situation. For example: Her clothing is stylish「彼女の服装はおしゃれだ」(かのじょのふくそうはおしゃれだ). The dress code requires formal clothing「ドレスコードは正式な服装を必要とします」(ドレスコードはせいしきなふくそうをひつようとします). This word is commonly used in discussions about fashion, events, or workplace attire.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4521

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make noise, Cause a fuss

Reading

Kanji

騒Clamor, Boisterous

Explanation

The Japanese verb '騒ぐ (さわぐ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to make noise,' which refers to creating loud or disruptive sounds. The second is 'to cause a fuss,' which implies creating a disturbance or commotion, often due to excitement, worry, or agitation. This verb is commonly used in situations where there is a lot of activity or emotional intensity. For example: The children are making noise in the park「子供たちが公園で騒いでいる」(こどもたちがこうえんでさわいでいる). Don't cause a fuss over such a small matter「そんな小さなことで騒ぐな」(そんなちいさなことでさわぐな). Note that the verb can also imply restlessness or overreaction in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4522

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tuberculosis

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 核Nucleus

Explanation

The Japanese noun '結核 (けっかく)' refers to 'tuberculosis', a serious infectious disease that primarily affects the lungs. It is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Historically, tuberculosis was a major cause of death worldwide, and it remains a significant health issue in many regions. In Japanese, this term is used in medical contexts and general discussions about health. For example: He was diagnosed with tuberculosis「彼は結核と診断された」(かれはけっかくとしんだんされた). Tuberculosis is a contagious disease「結核は伝染病です」(けっかくはでんせんびょうです). The word is often associated with public health campaigns and medical treatments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4523

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stiff

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'かちかち (kachikachi)' primarily means 'stiff' or 'hard'. It is often used to describe something that is physically rigid or inflexible, such as a stiff piece of bread or a tense muscle. Additionally, it can describe a person's personality as being rigid or uptight. For example: The bread became stiff「パンがかちかちになった」(パンがかちかちになった). He is very stiff and formal「彼はかちかちで堅苦しい」(かれはかちかちでかたくるしい). The term can also be used to describe something that is dry or lacking moisture, such as dry soil or hair.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4524

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desirable

Reading

Kanji

望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '望ましい (のぞましい)' means 'desirable' or 'preferable'. It is used to describe something that is considered favorable, ideal, or worth aiming for. This word often carries a nuance of something being socially or morally appropriate, rather than just personally preferred. For example: It is desirable to arrive on time「時間通りに到着するのが望ましい」(じかんどおりにとうちゃくするのがのぞましい). A calm response is desirable in such situations「そのような状況では落ち着いた対応が望ましい」(そのようなじょうきょうではおちついたたいおうがのぞましい). The word is commonly used in formal or written contexts, such as guidelines, recommendations, or advice.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4525

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pressure

Reading

Kanji

圧Pressure 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '圧力 (あつりょく)' means 'pressure'. It refers to the physical force exerted on an object, as well as metaphorical pressure, such as social or psychological stress. For example: The pressure of the water is strong「水の圧力が強い」(みずのあつりょくがつよい). He felt pressure from his boss「彼は上司からの圧力を感じた」(かれはじょうしからのあつりょくをかんじた). This word is commonly used in both scientific contexts and everyday situations to describe various forms of pressure.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4526

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rubber

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ゴム (gomu)' refers to 'rubber', a material known for its elasticity and water resistance. It is commonly used in everyday items such as tires, erasers, and gloves. The word can also refer to rubber bands or condoms, depending on the context. For example: This eraser is made of rubber「この消しゴムはゴムでできている」(このけしゴムはゴムでできている). I need a rubber band「ゴムバンドが必要です」(ゴムバンドがひつようです). The word 'ゴム' is borrowed from the Dutch word 'gom', reflecting Japan's historical trade with the Netherlands.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4527

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shipping

Reading

Kanji

送Send 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '送料 (そうりょう)' refers to the cost or fee associated with shipping or delivering goods. It is commonly used in contexts related to online shopping, mail services, or logistics. For example: The shipping fee is 500 yen「送料は500円です」(そうりょうはごひゃくえんです). Free shipping on orders over 10,000 yen「1万円以上の注文は送料無料です」(いちまんえんいじょうのちゅうもんはそうりょうむりょうです). This term is essential when discussing e-commerce or sending packages, as it specifies the additional cost for delivery services.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4528

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truck

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'トラック (とらっく)' means 'truck'. It refers to a large motor vehicle designed to transport goods or materials. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation and logistics contexts. For example: The truck is carrying heavy cargo「トラックが重い荷物を運んでいる」(とらっくがおもいにもつをはこんでいる). I saw a big truck on the highway「高速道路で大きなトラックを見た」(こうそくどうろでおおきなとらっくをみた). The word 'トラック' is often used in contexts related to transportation, delivery, and construction.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4529

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carve, Chop

Reading

Kanji

刻Engrave

Explanation

The Japanese verb '刻む (きざむ)' primarily means 'to chop' or 'to carve'. It is used to describe the action of cutting something into small pieces or engraving marks into a surface. For example: She chopped the vegetables finely「彼女は野菜を細かく刻んだ」(かのじょはやさいをこまかくきざんだ). The artist carved his name into the stone「芸術家は石に名前を刻んだ」(げいじゅつかはいしになまえをきざんだ). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something being deeply etched into memory or time, as in 'memories carved into my heart'「心に刻まれた思い出」(こころにきざまれたおもいで).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4530

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rampage

Reading

Kanji

暴Violent, Outburst

Explanation

The Japanese verb '暴れる (あばれる)' means 'to rampage' or 'to act violently'. It is used to describe someone or something behaving in a wild, uncontrollable, or destructive manner. This verb can be applied to people, animals, or even natural phenomena. For example: The horse rampaged through the field「馬が野原で暴れた」(うまがのはらであばれた). The child threw a tantrum and started rampaging「子供がかんしゃくを起こして暴れ始めた」(こどもがかんしゃくをおこしてあばれはじめた). The storm rampaged across the countryside「嵐が田舎を暴れ回った」(あらしがいなかをあばれまわった). Note that this verb often carries a negative connotation, implying a lack of control or restraint.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4531

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absolutely

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '絶対 (ぜったい)' means 'absolutely' or 'definitely'. It is used to emphasize certainty or to express that something is unconditional or without exception. This word is often used in both positive and negative contexts to stress the speaker's conviction. For example: I will absolutely come「絶対に行きます」(ぜったいにいきます). You must absolutely not tell anyone「絶対に誰にも言わないで」(ぜったいにだれにもいわないで). It can also be used to describe something that is absolute or unconditional, such as '絶対的な信頼 (ぜったいてきなしんらい) (absolute trust)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4532

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fainting

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 絶Break off, Extinction

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '気絶 (きぜつ)' refers to the act of fainting or losing consciousness. It is often used to describe a sudden loss of consciousness due to shock, illness, or extreme emotional distress. For example: She fainted from the shock「彼女はショックで気絶した」(かのじょはショックできぜつした). The patient fainted during the procedure「患者は処置中に気絶した」(かんじゃはしょちちゅうにきぜつした). This term is commonly used in medical contexts or in situations where someone loses consciousness unexpectedly.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4533

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firefighting

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消防 (しょうぼう)' refers to 'firefighting'. It encompasses the activities, services, and organizations dedicated to preventing and extinguishing fires. This term is often used in contexts related to emergency services, public safety, and disaster prevention. For example: The firefighting team arrived quickly「消防隊がすぐに到着した」(しょうぼうたいがすぐにとうちゃくした). Firefighting equipment is essential「消防設備は必要です」(しょうぼうせつびはひつようです). The term can also be part of compound words, such as '消防士 (しょうぼうし)' (firefighter) or '消防署 (しょうぼうしょ)' (fire station).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4534

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike

Reading

Kanji

嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese verb '嫌がる (いやがる)' means 'to dislike' or 'to show reluctance'. It is used to describe someone's visible or expressed unwillingness or aversion to something. This verb often implies that the person is actively resisting or showing discomfort. For example: The child dislikes vegetables「子供は野菜を嫌がる」(こどもはやさいをいやがる). She showed reluctance to go outside「彼女は外に出るのを嫌がった」(かのじょはそとにでるのをいやがった). Note that '嫌がる' is often used to describe observable behavior rather than just internal feelings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4535

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lively

Reading

Kanji

活Lively 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '活発 (かっぱつ)' means 'lively' or 'active'. It is used to describe someone or something that is full of energy, enthusiasm, or vigor. This word is often used to describe people, animals, or activities that are dynamic and spirited. For example: She is a lively child「彼女は活発な子供です」(かのじょはかっぱつなこどもです). The discussion became lively「議論が活発になった」(ぎろんがかっぱつになった). Note that '活発' is often used in contexts where there is a sense of movement, energy, or engagement.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4536

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'えっ' (e-) is used to express surprise, disbelief, or confusion. It is often used in casual conversation when reacting to something unexpected or when seeking clarification. This interjection is highly context-dependent and can convey a range of emotions depending on tone and situation. For example: What? I didn't hear you「えっ？聞こえなかった」(えっ？きこえなかった). What? That can't be true「えっ？それは本当ですか？」(えっ？それはほんとうですか？). The interjection is typically followed by a question or a pause, as it invites further explanation or repetition from the speaker.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

4537

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ダイエット (daietto)' refers to a diet, specifically the practice of eating food in a regulated and supervised manner to decrease, maintain, or increase body weight. It is often used in the context of weight loss. The word is borrowed from English and retains a similar meaning. For example: I started a diet「ダイエットを始めた」(だいえっとをはじめた). She is on a diet to lose weight「彼女は体重を減らすためにダイエット中です」(かのじょはたいじゅうをへらすためにだいえっともちゅうです). The term can also imply a temporary change in eating habits rather than a permanent lifestyle change.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4538

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exhausted

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'くたくた (kutakuta)' is used to describe a state of extreme physical or mental exhaustion. It often conveys the feeling of being completely worn out, either from physical exertion or mental strain. This word can also describe objects that are worn out or overused, such as old clothes or machinery. For example: I'm exhausted from work「仕事でくたくただ」(しごとでくたくただ). These shoes are worn out「この靴はくたくただ」(このくつはくたくただ). The nuance of 'くたくた' often implies a sense of being drained or depleted, and it is commonly used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

4539

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Likes and dislikes

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond 嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese noun '好き嫌い (すききらい)' refers to one's preferences or aversions, specifically the things one likes or dislikes. It is often used to describe personal tastes, particularly in food, but can also apply to other areas such as hobbies, activities, or people. For example: he has strong likes and dislikes when it comes to food「彼は食べ物に関して好き嫌いが激しい」(かれはたべものにかんしてすききらいがはげしい). I don't have many likes or dislikes「私は好き嫌いが少ない」(わたしはすききらいがすくない). This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to discuss preferences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4540

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abandonment

Reading

Kanji

放Release 棄Abandon, Renounce

Explanation

The Japanese noun '放棄 (ほうき)' means 'abandonment'. It refers to the act of giving up or relinquishing something, such as rights, responsibilities, or possessions. This word is often used in legal, formal, or serious contexts. For example: the abandonment of property「財産の放棄」(ざいさんのほうき). The government announced the abandonment of the project「政府はそのプロジェクトの放棄を発表した」(せいふはそのプロジェクトのほうきをはっぴょうした). It can also be used in personal contexts, such as abandoning a dream「夢の放棄」(ゆめのほうき). Note that this word carries a formal tone and is not typically used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4541

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whereabouts

Reading

Kanji

行Go 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行方 (ゆくえ)' means 'whereabouts'. It refers to the location or direction of a person or thing, often when their current location is unknown or uncertain. This word is commonly used in contexts involving missing persons, lost items, or uncertain futures. For example: His whereabouts are unknown「彼の行方はわからない」(かれのゆくえはわからない). The missing child's whereabouts are still a mystery「行方不明の子供の行方はまだ謎だ」(ゆくえふめいのこどものゆくえはまだなぞだ). Note that '行方' can also metaphorically refer to the future or direction of something, as in 'the future of the project is uncertain'「プロジェクトの行方は不透明だ」(ぷろじぇくとのゆくえはふとうめいだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4542

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Protest

Reading

Kanji

抗Resist, Confront 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '抗議 (こうぎ)' means 'protest'. It refers to an expression of objection, disapproval, or dissent, often in response to an action, decision, or policy. This term is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as political, social, or workplace situations. For example: The workers submitted a protest against the new policy「労働者たちは新しい政策に抗議を提出した」(ろうどうしゃたちはあたらしいせいさくにこうぎをていしゅつした). The citizens held a protest against the construction plan「市民たちは建設計画に抗議を行った」(しみんたちはけんせつけいかくにこうぎをおこなった). Note that '抗議' can also be used as a verb when combined with suru, as in '抗議する (こうぎする)', meaning 'to protest'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4543

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lovely

Reading

Kanji

素Element 敵Enemy

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '素敵 (すてき)' means 'lovely' or 'wonderful'. It is used to describe something or someone that is charming, delightful, or attractive. This word is often used in casual conversations to express admiration or approval. For example: That dress is lovely「そのドレスは素敵」(そのドレスはすてき). Your idea is wonderful「あなたのアイデアは素敵」(あなたのアイデアはすてき). The word can also be used to describe situations or experiences that are enjoyable or impressive. It carries a positive and warm connotation, making it a common compliment in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4544

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flat

Reading

Kanji

平Flat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '平 (たいら)' means 'flat'. It is used to describe something that is level, even, or without bumps or curves. This word can refer to physical surfaces, such as a flat table or a flat piece of land, as well as abstract concepts like a calm or even state of mind. For example: the ground is flat「地面は平だ」(じめんはたいらだ). She has a calm and even personality「彼女は平な性格だ」(かのじょはたいらなせいかくだ). Note that '平' can also be used in compound words, such as '平らな道 (たいらなみち)' (flat road).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4545

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquaintance

Reading

Kanji

知Know 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知人 (ちじん)' refers to someone you know, but not closely. It is used to describe a person you are familiar with, but who is not a close friend or family member. This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I met an acquaintance at the station「知人に駅で会いました」(ちじんにえきであいました). She is an acquaintance from work「彼女は仕事の知人です」(かのじょはしごとのちじんです). The word is often used to distinguish between close relationships and more casual ones.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4546

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop, Keep

Reading

Kanji

留Stay, Detain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '留める (とどめる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to keep' or 'to retain', often used in the sense of keeping something in a particular state or place. For example: I kept the letter「手紙を留めた」(てがみをとどめた). The second meaning is 'to stop' or 'to halt', used when preventing something from moving or progressing. For example: The police stopped the car「警察は車を留めた」(けいさつはくるまをとどめた). The verb can also imply a sense of restraint or limitation, depending on the context. It is important to note that the kanji 留 can also be read as 'とめる' in other contexts, but the reading 'とどめる' specifically carries these meanings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4547

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boast

Reading

Kanji

威Might, Intimidate 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '威張る (いばる)' means 'to boast' or 'to act arrogantly'. It is used to describe someone who is showing off or behaving in a self-important manner. This verb often carries a negative connotation, implying that the person is being overly proud or domineering. For example: he boasts about his success「彼は成功を威張る」(かれはせいこうをいばる). She acts arrogantly in front of others「彼女は他人の前で威張る」(かのじょはたにんのまえでいばる). The verb can also be used to describe someone who is trying to assert dominance or authority in a way that is seen as unnecessary or excessive.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4548

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Install

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'インストール (insutouru)' means 'install'. This term is commonly used in the context of technology and software, referring to the process of setting up a program or application on a computer or device. For example: I need to install this software「このソフトウェアをインストールする必要があります」(このソフトウェアをインストールするひつようがあります). The installation is complete「インストールが完了しました」(インストールがかんりょうしました). It is important to note that this word is a loanword from English, and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4549

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Day

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当日 (とうじつ)' refers to 'the day in question' or 'the very day' of an event or occasion. It is commonly used to specify the exact day something is happening, such as a meeting, event, or appointment. For example: Please come on the day of the event「当日に来てください」(とうじつにきてください). The payment is due on the day「支払いは当日です」(しはらいはとうじつです). This word emphasizes the immediacy or relevance of the specific day being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4550

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pepper

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'こしょう (koshou)' refers to 'pepper', specifically black pepper, which is a common spice used in cooking. It is often used to add flavor to dishes. For example: please add some pepper to the soup「スープにこしょうを加えてください」(スープにこしょうをくわえてください). I like the taste of pepper「こしょうの味が好きです」(こしょうのあじがすきです). Note that 'こしょう' can also refer to white pepper in some contexts, but it is most commonly associated with black pepper.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4551

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

East and west

Reading

Kanji

東East 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '東西 (とうざい)' refers to the concept of 'east and west', often used to describe direction, orientation, or geographical location. It can also metaphorically represent contrasting ideas, cultures, or traditions from the East and West. For example: The train runs east-west「電車は東西に走る」(でんしゃはとうざいにはしる). The cultural exchange between East and West is important「東西の文化交流は重要だ」(とうざいのぶんかこうりゅうはじゅうようだ). This word is commonly used in contexts involving geography, travel, or cultural comparisons.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4552

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Logic, Reasoning

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 屈Crouch, Yield

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理屈 (りくつ)' refers to 'logic' or 'reasoning'. It is often used to describe a logical argument, theory, or explanation. This word can carry a slightly negative nuance when used to imply that someone is overly focused on logic at the expense of practicality or emotion. For example: He always insists on logic「彼はいつも理屈を言う」(かれはいつもりくつをいう). Your reasoning doesn't make sense「君の理屈は通じない」(きみのりくつはつうじない). It can also be used in a neutral or positive sense, such as: There's logic behind his argument「彼の主張には理屈がある」(かれのしゅちょうにはりくつがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4553

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Different

Reading

Kanji

異Rare, Different

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '異 (い)' means 'different' or 'unusual'. It is commonly used to form compound words that indicate something is different, unusual, or distinct from the norm. For example: different culture「異文化」(いぶんか). unusual phenomenon「異現象」(いげんしょう). This prefix is often used in formal or academic contexts to denote something that stands out or deviates from the standard. It can also imply a sense of otherness or foreignness, as in '異国 (いこく) (foreign country)'.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4554

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tighten, Pack

Reading

Kanji

詰Stuff, Packed

Explanation

The Japanese verb '詰める (つめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pack' or 'to fill something tightly', such as packing items into a box or filling a container to the brim. For example: I packed my suitcase「スーツケースに荷物を詰めた」(スーツケースににもつをつめた). The second meaning is 'to tighten' or 'to fasten', often used in contexts like tightening a screw or fastening clothing. For example: Tighten the screw「ネジを詰めてください」(ネジをつめてください). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, such as packing ideas into a presentation or tightening one's schedule.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4555

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Steal

Reading

Kanji

盗Steal

Explanation

The Japanese verb '盗む (ぬすむ)' means 'to steal'. It is used to describe the act of taking something that belongs to someone else without their permission. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as stealing physical objects, ideas, or even moments. For example: He stole my wallet「彼は私の財布を盗んだ」(かれはわたしのさいふをぬすんだ). She stole the idea from her colleague「彼女は同僚からそのアイデアを盗んだ」(かのじょはどうりょうからそのアイデアをぬすんだ). It's important to note that this verb carries a strong negative connotation and is considered a serious offense in Japanese culture.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4556

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fear

Reading

Kanji

怖Fearful, Dreadful

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怖がる (こわがる)' means 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. It is used to describe the act of feeling fear or being scared of something. This verb often implies a visible or noticeable reaction to fear, such as trembling or avoiding the feared object. For example: The child is afraid of the dark「子供は暗闇を怖がる」(こどもはくらやみをこわがる). She is scared of dogs「彼女は犬を怖がる」(かのじょはいぬをこわがる). The verb can also be used to describe someone who is generally fearful or easily frightened, as in 'He is a fearful person'「彼は怖がりだ」(かれはこわがりだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4557

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decision

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 断Decide, Cut off

Explanation

The Japanese noun '決断 (けつだん)' means 'decision'. It refers to the act of making a firm and resolute choice, often after careful consideration. This word is commonly used in contexts where a significant or impactful choice is made. For example: He made a quick decision「彼は早い決断をした」(かれははやいけつだんをした). Making a decision is important「決断を下すことは重要だ」(けつだんをくだすことはじゅうようだ). The word carries a nuance of determination and finality, often implying that the decision is not easily reversible.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4558

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

King

Reading

Kanji

国Country 王King

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国王 (こくおう)' means 'king'. It refers to the male sovereign ruler of a kingdom or a monarch. This term is often used in historical, political, or formal contexts. For example: The king ruled the country wisely「国王は国を賢く治めた」(こくおうはくにをかしこくおさめた). The king wore a golden crown「国王は金色の王冠をかぶっていた」(こくおうはきんいろのおうかんをかぶっていた). Note that '国王' is a formal term and is typically used in reference to historical or foreign kings, while the term '王 (おう)' is more commonly used in modern contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4559

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Orientation

Reading

Kanji

志Intention 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '志向 (しこう)' refers to a person's orientation, inclination, or tendency towards a particular goal, direction, or way of thinking. It is often used in contexts related to psychology, education, or personal development to describe someone's focus or aspirations. For example: His orientation is towards art「彼の志向は芸術に向かっている」(かれのしこうはげいじゅつにむかっている). The company's orientation is innovation「その会社の志向は革新だ」(そのかいしゃのしこうはかくしんだ). This word can also imply a deliberate or conscious choice in pursuing a specific path or ideal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4560

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Management, Conclusion

Reading

Kanji

始Begin 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '始末 (しまつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'management', referring to the handling or dealing with a situation, often implying careful or efficient handling. For example: He is good at managing household affairs「彼は家事の始末が上手だ」(かれはかじのしまつがじょうずだ). The second meaning is 'conclusion' or 'end result', often used to describe the outcome or resolution of a situation. For example: This is the result of his carelessness「これが彼の不注意の始末だ」(これがかれのふちゅういのしまつだ). The word can carry a nuance of finality or responsibility, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Registration

Reading

Kanji

登Ascend 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '登記 (とうき)' refers to the legal registration of property, rights, or other official matters. It is commonly used in contexts involving real estate, land ownership, or legal documentation. For example: I completed the property registration「不動産の登記を済ませた」(ふどうさんのとうきをすませた). The land registration is required「土地の登記が必要です」(とちのとうきがひつようです). This term is often used in formal or legal settings and is essential for establishing legal ownership or rights.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4562

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Repayment

Reading

Kanji

返Return 済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '返済 (へんさい)' refers to the act of repaying or settling a debt, loan, or obligation. It is commonly used in financial contexts, such as repaying a loan or mortgage. For example: I will repay the loan next month「来月にローンを返済します」(らいげつにローンをへんさいします). The repayment period is five years「返済期間は5年です」(へんさいきかんはごねんです). This word emphasizes the completion of a financial obligation and is often used in formal or business settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reserve

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 備Equip, Provide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '予備 (よび)' means 'reserve' or 'preparation'. It refers to something kept in store or set aside for future use, such as resources, supplies, or backup plans. It can also imply preparation for potential situations. For example: We have a reserve of food「予備の食料がある」(よびのしょくりょうがある). He is preparing for the exam「彼は試験の予備をしている」(かれはしけんのよびをしている). This word is often used in contexts like '予備知識 (よびちしき)' (preliminary knowledge) or '予備校 (よびこう)' (cram school).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Festival

Reading

Kanji

祭Ritual

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '祭 (さい)' means 'festival'. It is commonly used to denote events, celebrations, or gatherings that are festive in nature. This suffix can be attached to various nouns to describe specific types of festivals or events. For example: summer festival「夏祭り」(なつまつり). cultural festival「文化祭」(ぶんかさい). It is important to note that '祭' can also be used metaphorically to describe a lively or chaotic situation, such as a 'shopping festival'「買い物祭り」(かいものまつり), which refers to a large sale event. The suffix is versatile and widely used in both traditional and modern contexts.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4565

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smooth

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すべすべ' describes something that is smooth to the touch. It is often used to describe skin, surfaces, or textures that feel soft and even. This word conveys a sense of pleasant smoothness and is commonly used in contexts related to beauty, skincare, or describing objects. For example: her skin is smooth「彼女の肌はすべすべだ」(かのじょのはだはすべすべだ). This table is smooth「このテーブルはすべすべしている」(このテーブルはすべすべしている). The word can also be used as an adjective-like adverb to modify nouns, such as 'すべすべの肌 (すべすべのはだ) (smooth skin).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4566

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refusal

Reading

Kanji

拒Repel, Refuse 否Negate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拒否 (きょひ)' means 'refusal' or 'rejection'. It is used to describe the act of refusing or rejecting something, such as a request, proposal, or idea. This term is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as legal, political, or medical situations. For example: The government refused the proposal「政府はその提案を拒否した」(せいふはそのていあんをきょひした). The patient refused the treatment「患者は治療を拒否した」(かんじゃはちりょうをきょひした). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as refusing an invitation or offer. The nuance of '拒否' is often stronger than simply saying 'no', implying a firm or decisive rejection.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Silk

Reading

Kanji

絹Silk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '絹 (きぬ)' refers to 'silk', a natural fiber produced by silkworms and used to make fine fabrics. This word is often used in contexts related to clothing, textiles, or traditional crafts. For example: This kimono is made of silk「この着物は絹でできています」(このきものはきぬでできています). Silk is soft and smooth「絹は柔らかくて滑らかです」(きぬはやわらかくてなめらかです). The term can also appear in compound words, such as '絹糸 (きぬいと)' (silk thread) or '絹織物 (きぬおりもの)' (silk fabric).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4568

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maintenance

Reading

Kanji

維Fiber, Maintain 持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '維持 (いじ)' means 'maintenance'. It refers to the act of keeping something in its current state or condition, or preserving it. This word is often used in contexts related to maintaining systems, relationships, health, or order. For example: maintenance of peace「平和の維持」(へいわのいじ). Maintaining good health「健康を維持する」(けんこうをいじする). It can also be used in technical or mechanical contexts, such as maintaining equipment「設備の維持」(せつびのいじ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Considerably

Reading

Kanji

大Big 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大分 (だいぶ)' means 'considerably' or 'quite a bit'. It is used to indicate a significant degree or extent of something, often implying a noticeable change or difference. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: It has become considerably colder「大分寒くなった」(だいぶさむくなった). I feel considerably better now「大分良くなった」(だいぶよくなった). The word can also imply that the change or difference has been gradual over time, as in '大分慣れてきた (だいぶなれてきた) (I have gotten quite used to it)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

一One 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一行 (いっこう)' refers to a 'group' or 'party' of people traveling or moving together. It is often used to describe a group of individuals who are part of the same journey, delegation, or entourage. For example: The group arrived at the hotel「一行はホテルに到着した」(いっこうはホテルにとうちゃくした). The delegation visited the museum「一行は博物館を訪れた」(いっこうははくぶつかんをおとずれた). This word is commonly used in formal or travel-related contexts to refer to a cohesive group of people.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4571

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trader, Contractor

Reading

Kanji

業Business 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '業者 (ぎょうしゃ)' can refer to a 'trader' or 'contractor', depending on the context. As a 'trader', it typically refers to a person or company engaged in buying and selling goods or services. For example: The trader offered a good price「業者が良い値段を提示した」(ぎょうしゃがよいねだんをていしした). As a 'contractor', it refers to a person or company hired to perform specific tasks or services, often in construction or specialized fields. For example: The contractor completed the project on time「業者がプロジェクトを時間通りに完了した」(ぎょうしゃがぷろじぇくとをじかんどおりにかんりょうした). The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Great

Reading

Kanji

偉Great, Admirable 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '偉大 (いだい)' means 'great' and is used to describe something or someone of extraordinary significance, importance, or magnitude. It often conveys a sense of awe or admiration. This word is typically used in formal or literary contexts to describe historical figures, achievements, or monumental events. For example: He is a great leader「彼は偉大なリーダーです」(かれはいだいなリーダーです). The discovery was a great achievement「その発見は偉大な業績でした」(そのはっけんはいだいなぎょうせきでした). Note that '偉大' carries a stronger and more formal tone compared to other words like 'すごい' or '大きい'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4573

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sword

Reading

Kanji

刀Sword

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刀 (かたな)' refers to a traditional Japanese sword, particularly the single-edged, curved blade used by samurai. It is a culturally significant weapon in Japan, often associated with the samurai class and martial arts. The term can also be used more broadly to refer to any type of sword, but it is most commonly associated with the katana. Example sentences: He owns a beautiful sword「彼は美しい刀を持っている」(かれはうつくしいかたなをもっている). The sword is sharp「その刀は鋭い」(そのかたなはするどい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direction, Production

Reading

Kanji

演Perform 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '演出 (えんしゅつ)' primarily refers to the direction or staging of a performance, such as in theater, film, or television. It can also mean the overall production or arrangement of an event or show. This term is often used in creative contexts to describe the artistic decisions made to bring a performance to life. For example: The director's staging was impressive「演出家の演出が素晴らしかった」(えんしゅつかのえんしゅつがすばらしかった). The production of the play was outstanding「その劇の演出は素晴らしかった」(そのげきのえんしゅつはすばらしかった). Note that '演出' is distinct from '監督 (かんとく)', which refers more specifically to the role of a director in film or television.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4575

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manager

Reading

Kanji

課Section, Lesson 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '課長 (かちょう)' refers to a 'section manager' or 'department manager' in a company or organization. This is a mid-level managerial position, typically overseeing a specific section or department. The term is commonly used in business settings and reflects the hierarchical structure of Japanese workplaces. For example: The manager is busy「課長は忙しい」(かちょうはいそがしい). I reported to the manager「課長に報告した」(かちょうにほうこくした). The term '課長' is often preceded by the name of the department, such as '営業課長 (えいぎょうかちょう)' (sales manager).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4576

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pain

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer 痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦痛 (くつう)' refers to 'pain', particularly in the context of physical or emotional suffering. It is often used to describe intense discomfort or distress. For example: He endured great pain「彼は大きな苦痛に耐えた」(かれはおおきなくつうにたえた). The pain was unbearable「その苦痛は耐えられなかった」(そのくつうはたえられなかった). This word can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, such as physical injuries or emotional hardships. It carries a strong connotation of suffering and is typically used in serious or grave situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4577

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dozens

Reading

Kanji

数Number 十Ten

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数十 (すうじゅう)' means 'dozens' and is used to indicate an approximate quantity ranging from around 20 to 99. It is often used when the exact number is unknown or unimportant, but the speaker wants to convey a general sense of magnitude. For example: dozens of people attended the event「数十人がイベントに参加した」(すうじゅうにんがイベントにさんかした). There are dozens of books on the shelf「本棚には数十冊の本がある」(ほんだなにはすうじゅうさつのほんがある). Note that '数十' is a somewhat formal term and is commonly used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4578

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gap

Reading

Kanji

隙Crevice 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '隙間 (すきま)' refers to a 'gap' or 'space' between objects. It is commonly used to describe physical spaces, such as gaps between walls, doors, or furniture, but can also be used metaphorically to describe gaps in time or relationships. For example: there is a gap between the wall and the desk「壁と机の間に隙間がある」(かべとつくえのあいだにすきまがある). I found a gap in my schedule「スケジュールに隙間を見つけた」(すけじゅーるにすきまをみつけた). The word can also imply a sense of something being overlooked or unnoticed, as in '隙間時間 (すきまじかん)', which refers to small pockets of free time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respect

Reading

Kanji

尊Respect, Revered 重Heavy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '尊重 (そんちょう)' means 'respect'. It refers to the act of valuing or holding someone or something in high regard. This term is often used in contexts where one acknowledges the importance, rights, or dignity of others. For example: We must respect the opinions of others「他人の意見を尊重しなければならない」(たにんのいけんをそんちょうしなければならない). Respect for nature is essential「自然を尊重することが大切だ」(しぜんをそんちょうすることがたいせつだ). The word can also be used in formal or professional settings to emphasize the importance of mutual respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4580

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loneliness

Reading

Kanji

孤Orphan, Solitary 独Alone

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '孤独 (こどく)' means 'loneliness'. It describes the state of being alone, isolated, or feeling disconnected from others. This word often carries an emotional weight, emphasizing the sadness or emptiness associated with being alone. For example: he felt deep loneliness「彼は深い孤独を感じた」(かれはふかいこどくをかんじた). Loneliness is a common theme in literature「孤独は文学のよくあるテーマだ」(こどくはぶんがくのよくあるテーマだ). It can also be used to describe a physical state of being alone, but it is more commonly associated with emotional isolation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4581

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wither

Reading

Kanji

枯Wither

Explanation

The Japanese verb '枯れる (かれる)' means 'to wither' or 'to dry up'. It is commonly used to describe plants, flowers, or trees that have lost their vitality and are drying out or dying. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something losing its energy, spirit, or relevance. For example: The flowers withered「花が枯れた」(はながかれた). His passion for the project withered「彼のプロジェクトへの情熱が枯れた」(かれのプロジェクトへのじょうねつがかれた). Note that this verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4582

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ペット (petto)' means 'pet'. It refers to a domesticated animal kept for companionship or enjoyment. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is borrowed from the English word 'pet'. For example: I have a pet cat「私はペットの猫を飼っています」(わたしはペットのねこをかっています). Her pet dog is very cute「彼女のペットの犬はとてもかわいい」(かのじょのペットのいぬはとてもかわいい). The word 'ペット' is often used in contexts related to animal care, such as pet shops or veterinary clinics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4583

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Winter wind

Reading

Kanji

木Tree, Wood 枯Wither

Explanation

The Japanese noun '木枯らし (こがらし)' refers to a cold, dry wind that blows in late autumn or early winter, signaling the arrival of winter. It is often associated with the withering of leaves and the transition to colder weather. This word carries a poetic nuance and is frequently used in literature and seasonal descriptions. Example sentences: The winter wind blows through the trees「木枯らしが木々を通り抜ける」(こがらしがききをとおりぬける). I felt the chill of the winter wind「木枯らしの冷たさを感じた」(こがらしのつめたさをかんじた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4584

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Friend

Reading

Kanji

友Friend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '友 (とも)' means 'friend'. It is a somewhat literary or formal term for a friend, often used in written language or in formal speech. It can also be used in compound words, such as '友人 (ゆうじん)' (friend) or '親友 (しんゆう)' (close friend). Example sentences: He is my friend「彼は私の友です」(かれはわたしのともです). We have been friends since childhood「私たちは子供の頃からの友です」(わたしたちはこどものころからのともです). Note that '友 (とも)' is less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '友達 (ともだち)', which is the more everyday term for 'friend'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reach

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'たどり着く (たどりつく)' means 'to reach' or 'to arrive at' after a long or difficult journey. It implies a sense of struggle, effort, or perseverance in reaching a destination or goal. This verb is often used in contexts where the journey is challenging or the destination is hard to attain. For example: After hours of hiking, we finally reached the summit「何時間もハイキングをして、やっと頂上にたどり着いた」(なんじかんもハイキングをして、やっとちょうじょうにたどりついた). She struggled but eventually reached her dream「彼女は苦労したが、ついに夢にたどり着いた」(かのじょはくろうしたが、ついにゆめにたどりついた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe reaching a conclusion or understanding after much thought or effort.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4586

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swell

Reading

Kanji

膨Swell

Explanation

The Japanese verb '膨らむ (ふくらむ)' means 'to swell' or 'to expand'. It is used to describe something increasing in size, volume, or scope. This can refer to physical swelling, such as a balloon inflating, or metaphorical expansion, like an idea growing. For example: The balloon swelled「風船が膨らんだ」(ふうせんがふくらんだ). Her dreams are expanding「彼女の夢が膨らんでいる」(かのじょのゆめがふくらんでいる). The verb can also imply a sense of anticipation or potential, as in something growing or developing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4587

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honest, Sincere

Reading

Kanji

誠Sincerity 実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '誠実 (せいじつ)' conveys the qualities of sincerity and honesty. It is used to describe someone who is genuine, trustworthy, and acts with integrity. This word is often used to praise someone's character or behavior. For example: He is a sincere person「彼は誠実な人です」(かれはせいじつなひとです). She answered honestly「彼女は誠実に答えた」(かのじょはせいじつにこたえた). The term can also be applied to actions or attitudes, emphasizing a lack of deceit or ulterior motives. Note that while 'sincere' and 'honest' are closely related, they are distinct enough to warrant separate meanings in this context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4588

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Active, Prosperous

Reading

Kanji

盛Prosper

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '盛ん (さかん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'prosperous', which refers to something thriving or flourishing, such as a business or a region. For example: the town is prosperous「その町は盛んだ」(そのまちはさかんだ). The second meaning is 'active', which describes something lively or vigorous, often used for activities or events. For example: the discussion was active「議論が盛んだった」(ぎろんがさかんだった). The word can also describe enthusiasm or intensity in actions or phenomena, such as '盛んな拍手 (さかんなはくしゅ)' (vigorous applause).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4589

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commotion

Reading

Kanji

騒Clamor, Boisterous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '騒ぎ (さわぎ)' refers to a state of noise, confusion, or uproar. It is often used to describe situations where there is a lot of activity or disturbance, such as a loud party, a public protest, or any event that causes a noticeable disruption. For example: There was a commotion in the street「通りで騒ぎがあった」(とおりでさわぎがあった). The party turned into a big commotion「パーティーは大騒ぎになった」(パーティーはおおさわぎになった). This word can also imply a sense of chaos or disorder, and it is commonly used in both positive and negative contexts depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4590

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enforcement

Reading

Kanji

施Alms, Carry out 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '施行 (しこう)' refers to the act of enforcing or putting into effect a law, rule, or system. It is commonly used in legal, governmental, and administrative contexts to describe when a new regulation or policy officially begins to be applied. For example: The new law will be enforced next month「新しい法律は来月施行されます」(あたらしいほうりつはらいげつしこうされます). The enforcement of the policy started yesterday「その政策の施行は昨日始まりました」(そのせいさくのしこうはきのうはじまりました). It is important to note that '施行' is often used in formal or official settings and may not be commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4591

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establishment, Fixation

Reading

Kanji

定Determine 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '定着 (ていちゃく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'fixation', which refers to the act of fixing something in place or making it stable. For example: the fixation of the dye on the fabric「染料の定着がしっかりしている」(せんりょうのていちゃくがしっかりしている). The second meaning is 'establishment', which refers to the process of something becoming widely accepted or recognized. For example: the establishment of new customs「新しい習慣の定着」(あたらしいしゅうかんのていちゃく). This word is often used in contexts related to technology, culture, or social norms, where something is being made permanent or widely adopted.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nature

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天然 (てんねん)' primarily means 'nature' or 'natural'. It refers to things that exist or occur in the natural world, without human intervention. This term can also be used to describe someone who is naturally talented or has an innate quality. For example: This park is full of natural beauty「この公園は天然の美しさに満ちている」(このこうえんはてんねんのうつくしさにみちている). She has a natural talent for singing「彼女は歌うことが天然の才能だ」(かのじょはうたうことがてんねんのさいのうだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fashion

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ファッション (fasshon)' means 'fashion'. It refers to the prevailing style or custom, especially in clothing, accessories, or behavior. This word is often used in contexts related to clothing trends, fashion industry, or personal style. For example: She is interested in fashion「彼女はファッションに興味がある」(かのじょはファッションにきょうみがある). This magazine is about the latest fashion trends「この雑誌は最新のファッショントレンドについてです」(このざっしはさいしんのファッショントレンドについてです). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in Japanese to discuss topics related to style and clothing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4594

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'プラン (puran)' means 'plan'. It is a loanword derived from the English word 'plan' and is commonly used in contexts related to schedules, projects, or strategies. For example: I made a plan for the trip「旅行のプランを作りました」(りょこうのプランをつくりました). This plan is very detailed「このプランはとても詳細です」(このプランはとてもしょうさいです). The word is often used in business, travel, and daily life to refer to organized arrangements or proposals.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4595

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Modesty

Reading

Kanji

謙Humble, Modesty 遜Humble

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '謙遜 (けんそん)' refers to the act of being modest or humble, often in the context of downplaying one's own abilities, achievements, or status. It is a valued trait in Japanese culture and is frequently used in social interactions to show politeness and respect. For example: He responded with modesty「彼は謙遜して答えた」(かれはけんそんしてこたえた). She always speaks with modesty「彼女はいつも謙遜して話す」(かのじょはいつもけんそんしてはなす). This term is often used in formal or professional settings to avoid appearing boastful.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4596

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unable

Reading

Kanji

兼Combine, Concurrently

Explanation

The Japanese verb '兼ねる (かねる)' is often used to express the idea of being unable to do something or finding it difficult to do something, usually due to circumstances or conflicting factors. It conveys a sense of hesitation or reluctance. For example: I cannot agree with that「それには賛成しかねる」(それにはさんせいしかねる). It is hard to accept that explanation「その説明は受け入れがたい」(そのせつめいはうけいれがたい). This verb is commonly used in formal or polite contexts and often appears in phrases like '～しかねる' to express difficulty or inability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nickname

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あだな' refers to a 'nickname'. It is a casual or affectionate name given to someone, often used among friends, family, or close acquaintances. Unlike formal names, nicknames are typically shorter, easier to pronounce, or based on personal traits. For example: His nickname is 'Taka'「彼のあだなは『タカ』です」(かれのあだなは『タカ』です). Everyone calls her by her nickname「みんな彼女をあだなで呼びます」(みんなかのじょをあだなでよびます). Nicknames can also be derived from a person's appearance, habits, or other unique characteristics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4598

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chain

Reading

Kanji

鎖Chain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鎖 (くさり)' means 'chain'. It refers to a series of connected links, typically made of metal, used for fastening, securing, or pulling objects. This word can also metaphorically represent something that binds or restricts, such as in the context of emotional or societal constraints. Example sentences: The dog is tied with a chain「犬は鎖でつながれている」(いぬはくさりでつながれている). The chain of events led to the accident「一連の出来事が事故につながった」(いちれんのできごとがじこにつながった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4599

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seal

Reading

Kanji

印Mark, Seal 鑑Consider, Model

Explanation

The Japanese noun '印鑑 (いんかん)' refers to a personal seal or stamp used in place of a signature in Japan. It is an essential tool for formal agreements, contracts, and official documents. The seal is typically made of wood, stone, or plastic and is engraved with the owner's name or initials. Example sentences: Please stamp your seal here「ここに印鑑を押してください」(ここにいんかんをおしてください). I lost my seal「印鑑をなくしました」(いんかんをなくしました). In Japan, having a registered seal (実印, じついん) is often required for significant legal transactions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4600

Composition

kanji

Handwriting