Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Regrettable

Reading

Kanji

惜Regret, Frugal

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '惜しい (おしい)' primarily means 'regrettable' or 'a pity'. It is used to express a sense of regret or disappointment over something that is almost good enough, nearly successful, or just missed. It can also imply that something is valuable or precious and thus its loss or absence is felt deeply. For example: It's regrettable that you can't come「あなたが来られないのは惜しい」(あなたがこられないのはおしい). That was a close call, it's a pity you missed it「惜しい、もう少しで成功だった」(おしい、もうすこしでせいこうだった). The word can also be used to express reluctance to part with something due to its value, as in 'This book is too good to throw away, it's a pity to discard it'「この本は捨てるには惜しい」(このほんはすてるにはおしい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4801

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resent

Reading

Kanji

恨Grudge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '恨む (うらむ)' means 'to resent' or 'to hold a grudge'. It is used to express feelings of bitterness or anger towards someone due to a perceived wrong or injustice. This verb often conveys a deep, lingering sense of resentment. For example: I resent him for betraying me「彼を裏切られたことを恨む」(かれをうらぎられたことをうらむ). She resents her parents for not understanding her「彼女は両親を理解してくれないことを恨んでいる」(かのじょはりょうしんをりかいしてくれないことをうらんでいる). The verb can also imply a sense of regret or sorrow, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4802

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Packed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎゅうぎゅう (gyuugyuu)' is used to describe a situation where things or people are tightly packed or crammed together. It often conveys a sense of being squeezed or overcrowded. For example: The train was packed「電車はぎゅうぎゅうだった」(でんしゃはぎゅうぎゅうだった). The suitcase is stuffed full「スーツケースはぎゅうぎゅうに詰まっている」(スーツケースはぎゅうぎゅうにつまっている). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe crowded spaces or tightly filled containers.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4803

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lines

Reading

Kanji

台Pedestal, Machine 詞Poetry, Words

Explanation

The Japanese noun '台詞 (せりふ)' refers to the lines or dialogue spoken by a character in a play, movie, or any performance. It can also be used more broadly to refer to what someone says in a particular situation, often implying that the words are scripted or rehearsed. For example: The actor forgot his lines「俳優は台詞を忘れた」(はいゆうはせりふをわすれた). She always has the same lines「彼女はいつも同じ台詞を言う」(かのじょはいつもおなじせりふをいう). This term is commonly used in the context of theater and film, but can also be applied to everyday situations where someone is repeating a familiar or expected statement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4804

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knack

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'こつ' (kotsu) refers to the 'knack' or 'trick' of doing something, often implying a skill or technique that is learned through experience. It is commonly used when discussing how to master a particular task or activity. For example: He has the knack for cooking「彼は料理のこつを覚えた」(かれはりょうりのこつをおぼえた). Learning the knack of playing the piano takes time「ピアノを弾くこつを覚えるには時間がかかる」(ピアノをひくこつをおぼえるにはじかんがかかる). This word is often used in contexts where someone is trying to understand or explain the key to success in a specific area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4805

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suspect

Reading

Kanji

怪Weird, Suspicious

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怪しむ (あやしむ)' means 'to suspect' or 'to doubt'. It is used when someone has a feeling of distrust or suspicion towards something or someone. This verb often implies a sense of unease or skepticism. For example: I suspect his intentions「彼の意図を怪しむ」(かれのいとをあやしむ). She doubted the truth of his story「彼女は彼の話の真実を怪しんだ」(かのじょはかれのはなしのしんじつをあやしんだ). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as suspecting something is wrong or out of place.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4806

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relief, Mitigation

Reading

Kanji

緩Easy, Loose 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '緩和 (かんわ)' refers to the act of making something less severe, intense, or strict. It is often used in contexts such as easing pain, reducing tension, or relaxing rules. For example: The medicine provided relief from the pain「薬が痛みの緩和をもたらした」(くすりがいたみのかんわをもたらした). The government announced the mitigation of restrictions「政府は規制の緩和を発表した」(せいふはきせいのかんわをはっぴょうした). Note that '緩和' is commonly used in medical, legal, and policy-related contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4807

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Late night

Reading

Kanji

深Deep 夜Night

Explanation

The Japanese noun '深夜 (しんや)' refers to the late hours of the night, typically after midnight. It is often used to describe activities or events that occur during this time, such as late-night work, broadcasting, or transportation. For example: I work late at night「私は深夜に働く」(わたしはしんやにはたらく). The train runs until late at night「電車は深夜まで走る」(でんしゃはしんやまではしる). This term is commonly used in contexts like '深夜番組 (しんやばんぐみ) (late-night show)' or '深夜営業 (しんやえいぎょう) (late-night business hours)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4808

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boast

Reading

Kanji

自Self 慢Ridicule, Arrogant

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '自慢 (じまん)' means 'boast' or 'pride'. It refers to the act of proudly talking about one's own achievements, possessions, or qualities, often to impress others. It can also imply a sense of pride in something, whether it's personal or related to someone else. For example: He always boasts about his car「彼はいつも車を自慢する」(かれはいつもくるまをじまんする). This is my proudest achievement「これは私の一番の自慢です」(これはわたしのいちばんのじまんです). The word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the tone and situation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4809

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dining table

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 卓Eminent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食卓 (しょくたく)' refers to a 'dining table', the piece of furniture where meals are eaten. It is commonly used in contexts related to family meals, dining settings, or household furniture. For example: We gather around the dining table every evening「毎晩、食卓を囲みます」(まいばん、しょくたくをかこみます). The dining table is set for dinner「食卓には夕食が並んでいます」(しょくたくにはゆうしょくがならんでいます). This word emphasizes the communal aspect of eating together, often highlighting family or social gatherings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4810

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Kanji

歓Rejoice, Delight 迎Welcome

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '歓迎 (かんげい)' means 'welcome'. It is used to express a warm reception or acceptance of someone or something. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as welcoming guests, new members, or ideas. For example: We welcome your opinion「あなたの意見を歓迎します」(あなたのいけんをかんげいします). The new employee was warmly welcomed「新しい従業員は温かく歓迎されました」(あたらしいじゅうぎょういんはあたたかくかんげいされました). It can also be used in phrases like '歓迎会 (かんげいかい)', which means 'welcome party'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4811

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Purpose

Reading

Kanji

趣Gist, Flavor 旨Purport, Delicious

Explanation

The Japanese noun '趣旨 (しゅし)' refers to the main point, purpose, or gist of something. It is often used in formal contexts to describe the intent or core idea behind a statement, document, or plan. For example: The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the budget「この会議の趣旨は予算について話し合うことです」(このかいぎのしゅしはよさんについてはなしあうことです). I understand the gist of your proposal「あなたの提案の趣旨は理解しました」(あなたのていあんのしゅしはりかいしました). This word is commonly used in legal, business, and academic settings to convey the essence or objective of a matter.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4812

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fuel

Reading

Kanji

燃Burn 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '燃料 (ねんりょう)' means 'fuel'. It refers to any material that is burned or used to produce energy, such as gasoline, coal, or natural gas. This word is commonly used in contexts related to energy, transportation, and machinery. For example: The car needs fuel「車は燃料が必要です」(くるまはねんりょうがひつようです). We use natural gas as fuel「天然ガスを燃料として使います」(てんねんガスをねんりょうとしてつかいます). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that provides energy or motivation, such as 'the fuel for his passion' (彼の情熱の燃料).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4813

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

White person

Reading

Kanji

白White 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '白人 (はくじん)' refers to a 'white person' or someone of Caucasian descent. It is a neutral term used to describe people with light skin, typically of European or North American origin. The word is often used in contexts discussing race, ethnicity, or cultural differences. For example: There are many white people in this city「この街には白人が多い」(このまちにははくじんがおおい). She is a white person from America「彼女はアメリカ出身の白人です」(かのじょはアメリカしゅっしんのはくじんです). Note that while the term is not inherently offensive, it is important to use it respectfully and in appropriate contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4814

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rhythm

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'リズム (りずむ)' means 'rhythm'. It refers to a regular, repeated pattern of sounds or movements, often used in the context of music, dance, or even daily routines. For example: The rhythm of this song is catchy「この曲のリズムはキャッチーだ」(このきょくのりずむはきゃっちーだ). She dances to the rhythm of the music「彼女は音楽のリズムに合わせて踊る」(かのじょはおんがくのりずむにあわせておどる). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the flow or pace of activities, such as 'the rhythm of life'「人生のリズム」(じんせいのりずむ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4815

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enter, Board

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り込む (のりこむ)' primarily means 'to board' or 'to enter' a vehicle or a place, often with a sense of purpose or determination. It is commonly used when someone gets into a car, train, airplane, or other modes of transportation. For example: I boarded the train「電車に乗り込んだ」(でんしゃにのりこんだ). The soldiers entered the building「兵士たちが建物に乗り込んだ」(へいしたちがたてものにのりこんだ). The verb can also imply a sense of actively engaging or immersing oneself in a situation, such as entering a new project or challenge. For instance: She dove into the new project「彼女は新しいプロジェクトに乗り込んだ」(かのじょはあたらしいぷろじぇくとにのりこんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4816

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dumpling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ぎょうざ' refers to a type of dumpling that is typically filled with ground meat and vegetables, then wrapped in a thin dough and cooked by pan-frying, steaming, or boiling. Gyoza is a popular dish in Japan, often served as a side dish or appetizer. Example sentences: I ate gyoza for dinner「夕食にぎょうざを食べた」(ゆうしょくにぎょうざをたべた). These gyoza are delicious「このぎょうざは美味しい」(このぎょうざはおいしい). Gyoza is commonly enjoyed with a dipping sauce made from soy sauce, vinegar, and chili oil.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4817

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Burn

Reading

Kanji

焦Char, Scorch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '焦げる (こげる)' means 'to burn' or 'to be burnt'. It is specifically used to describe something that has been burned, often to the point of being charred or scorched. This verb is commonly used in the context of cooking, where food has been burned, but it can also be used more generally to describe any object that has been burned. For example: the toast burned「トーストが焦げた」(トーストがこげた). The pan burned the food「フライパンが食べ物を焦げさせた」(フライパンがたべものをこげさせた). It is important to note that '焦げる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes the state of something being burned rather than the action of burning something (which would be '焦がす (こがす)').

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4818

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hero

Reading

Kanji

英England, Distinguished 雄Male, Heroic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '英雄 (えいゆう)' means 'hero'. This word is used to describe a person who is admired for their courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. It often refers to historical or legendary figures who have performed great deeds. For example: He is a hero「彼は英雄だ」(かれはえいゆうだ). The hero saved the village「英雄が村を救った」(えいゆうがむらをすくった). This term is commonly used in stories, history, and discussions about people who have made significant impacts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4819

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inspector

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '警部 (けいぶ)' refers to a police inspector, a specific rank within the Japanese police force. This term is used to denote a senior officer who typically oversees investigations or commands a police station. For example: The inspector solved the case「警部が事件を解決した」(けいぶがじけんをかいけつした). He was promoted to inspector「彼は警部に昇進した」(かれはけいぶにしょうしんした). The rank of '警部' is above '警部補 (けいぶほ)' and below '警視 (けいし)' in the Japanese police hierarchy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4820

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '限度 (げんど)' refers to a 'limit' or 'boundary'. It is used to describe the maximum extent or degree of something that is possible or allowed. This word is often used in contexts where there is a restriction or a cap on quantity, capacity, or ability. For example: There is a limit to human patience「人間の忍耐には限度がある」(にんげんのにんたいにはげんどがある). The credit card has a spending limit「クレジットカードには利用限度がある」(クレジットカードにはりようげんどがある). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as limits of knowledge or endurance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4821

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cross

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '十字 (じゅうじ)' means 'cross'. It refers to the shape or symbol of a cross, often associated with religious or directional contexts. For example: There is a cross on the map「地図に十字がある」(ちずにじゅうじがある). The cross is a sacred symbol「十字は神聖なシンボルです」(じゅうじはしんせいなシンボルです). This word is also used in compound words like '十字路 (じゅうじろ)' meaning 'crossroads' or 'intersection'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4822

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accommodation

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain 容Contain, Looks

Explanation

The Japanese noun '収容 (しゅうよう)' refers to the act of accommodating or housing people, objects, or animals within a space. It is often used in contexts such as facilities, shelters, or institutions where individuals or items are contained or housed. For example: The shelter accommodates 100 people「その避難所は100人を収容する」(そのひなんじょは100にんをしゅうようする). The prison can house up to 500 inmates「その刑務所は500人まで収容できる」(そのけいむしょは500にんまでしゅうようできる). This word can also be used in broader contexts, such as data storage or event capacity, but its core meaning revolves around the concept of containment or accommodation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4823

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Constitution

Reading

Kanji

体Body 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体質 (たいしつ)' refers to a person's physical constitution or body type. It describes the inherent characteristics of a person's body, such as their tendency to gain weight, susceptibility to certain illnesses, or general physical condition. For example: She has a weak constitution「彼女は体質が弱い」(かのじょはたいしつがよわい). My constitution doesn't handle cold weather well「私の体質は寒さに弱い」(わたしのたいしつはさむさによわい). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the inherent nature or tendencies of organizations or systems, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4824

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquisition

Reading

Kanji

獲Seize, Catch game 得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '獲得 (かくとく)' means 'acquisition'. It refers to the act of obtaining or gaining something, often through effort or competition. This word is commonly used in contexts such as acquiring skills, rights, or resources. For example: the acquisition of new technology「新しい技術の獲得」(あたらしいぎじゅつのかくとく). The team worked hard for the acquisition of the championship「チームは優勝の獲得に一生懸命取り組んだ」(チームはゆうしょうのかくとくにいっしょうけんめいとりくんだ). It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as acquiring knowledge or rights.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4825

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harvest

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain 穫Harvest

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '収穫 (しゅうかく)' primarily means 'harvest'. It refers to the process or result of gathering crops from the fields. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the fruits of one's labor or efforts in a broader sense. For example: The harvest this year was abundant「今年の収穫は豊かだった」(ことしのしゅうかくはゆたかだった). We are looking forward to the harvest of our hard work「私たちの努力の収穫を楽しみにしている」(わたしたちのどりょくのしゅうかくをたのしみにしている). It is important to note that '収穫' is often used in agricultural contexts but can extend to other areas where results or outcomes are gathered.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4826

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice

Reading

Kanji

稲Rice plant

Explanation

The Japanese noun '稲 (いね)' refers specifically to the rice plant, particularly before it is harvested. This term is used in agricultural contexts and is distinct from '米 (こめ)', which refers to rice as a grain or food. '稲' is often associated with rice paddies and the cultivation process. For example: The rice plants are growing well「稲がよく育っている」(いねがよくそだっている). We planted rice in the field「田んぼに稲を植えた」(たんぼにいねをうえた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4827

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑み (えみ)' refers to a 'smile'. It is often used to describe a gentle or subtle smile, sometimes with a sense of warmth or kindness. This word is commonly used in literary or poetic contexts to convey a serene or heartfelt expression. For example: her smile was gentle「彼女の笑みは優しかった」(かのじょのえみはやさしかった). A faint smile appeared on his face「彼の顔に薄い笑みが浮かんだ」(かれのかおにうすいえみがうかんだ). Note that '笑み' is distinct from '笑顔 (えがお)', which refers to a broader or more visible smile.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4828

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Office

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オフィス (ofisu)' refers to a place where professional or administrative work is conducted. It is a loanword from English, and its usage is common in modern Japanese, especially in business contexts. For example: I work in an office「私はオフィスで働いています」(わたしはオフィスではたらいています). The office is on the fifth floor「オフィスは五階にあります」(オフィスはごかいにあります). This term is often used interchangeably with the more traditional Japanese word '事務所 (じむしょ)', though 'オフィス' tends to carry a more modern or Westernized connotation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4829

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manuscript

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 稿Manuscript, Draft 用Use 紙Paper

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原稿用紙 (げんこうようし)' refers to a specific type of paper used for writing manuscripts, essays, or other formal written works. It is typically grid-lined, with each square representing one character, making it easier to count and organize text. This paper is commonly used in schools, for literary submissions, or in professional writing. For example: I wrote my essay on manuscript paper「私は原稿用紙に作文を書いた」(わたしはげんこうようしにさくぶんをかいた). Please submit your work on manuscript paper「原稿用紙に作品を提出してください」(げんこうようしにさくひんをていしゅつしてください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4830

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Calm

Reading

Kanji

穏Calm, Moderate

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '穏やか (おだやか)' means 'calm'. It is used to describe a state of tranquility, peacefulness, or mildness. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as describing a person's demeanor, the weather, or a situation. For example: the sea is calm today「今日の海は穏やかだ」(きょうのうみはおだやかだ). She has a calm personality「彼女は穏やかな性格だ」(かのじょはおだやかなせいかくだ). It can also describe a gentle or mild manner, as in '穏やかな風 (おだやかなかぜ) (gentle breeze)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4831

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence, Non existence

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '有無 (うむ)' refers to the concepts of 'existence' and 'nonexistence'. It is often used in formal or philosophical contexts to discuss the presence or absence of something. For example: the existence or nonexistence of evidence「証拠の有無」(しょうこのうむ). It can also be used in everyday contexts to inquire about the availability or lack of something: is there a problem or not?「問題の有無」(もんだいのうむ). The word is a combination of the kanji for '有' (existence) and '無' (nonexistence), making it a binary term that encapsulates both states.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4832

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Food

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 糧Provisions, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食糧 (しょくりょう)' refers to 'food' in the sense of provisions or sustenance, often used in contexts related to supply, storage, or distribution. It is commonly used in discussions about food security, emergency supplies, or large-scale food resources. For example: The country imports food「その国は食糧を輸入する」(そのくにはしょくりょうをゆにゅうする). We need to secure enough food for the winter「冬のための十分な食糧を確保する必要がある」(ふゆのためのじゅうぶんなしょくりょうをかくほするひつようがある). This term is more formal and is often used in official or serious contexts, distinguishing it from everyday terms like '食べ物 (たべもの)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4833

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Majestic, Unashamed

Reading

Kanji

堂Hall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '堂々 (どうどう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'majestic', which refers to something grand, dignified, or impressive in appearance or manner. For example: He walked in with a majestic air「彼は堂々と歩いて入ってきた」(かれはどうどうとあるいてはいってきた). The second meaning is 'unashamed', which describes someone acting confidently without fear of judgment or shame. For example: She spoke unashamedly about her past「彼女は堂々と自分の過去について話した」(かのじょはどうどうとじぶんのかこについてはなした). The word often conveys a sense of confidence and boldness, whether in a positive or neutral context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4834

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scream

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad 鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悲鳴 (ひめい)' refers to a scream or shriek, often one that is high-pitched and expresses fear, pain, or surprise. It is commonly used to describe the sound someone makes when they are startled, terrified, or in distress. For example: she let out a scream「彼女は悲鳴を上げた」(かのじょはひめいをあげた). The sound of a scream echoed through the forest「悲鳴が森に響いた」(ひめいがもりにひびいた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or event that causes extreme distress or panic, such as 'the stock market's scream (悲鳴) due to the crash'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4835

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Route

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ルート (ruuto)' means 'route'. It refers to a path or course taken to reach a destination. This word is often used in contexts related to travel, transportation, or even abstract paths like career routes. For example: the fastest route to the station「駅までの一番早いルート」(えきまでのいちばんはやいルート). I decided on a new career route「新しいキャリアのルートを決めた」(あたらしいキャリアのルートをきめた). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4836

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tickle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くすぐる (kusuguru)' means 'to tickle'. It is used to describe the action of lightly touching someone in a way that causes a tingling or itching sensation, often leading to laughter. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: she tickled her little brother「彼女は弟をくすぐった」(かのじょはおとうとをくすぐった). The comedian's joke tickled the audience「そのコメディアンのジョークは観客をくすぐった」(そのコメディアンのジョークはかんきゃくをくすぐった). In a figurative sense, it can also describe something that mildly excites or amuses, such as a lighthearted story or a playful comment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4837

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dispute

Reading

Kanji

争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '争い (あらそい)' refers to a dispute, conflict, or quarrel. It is used to describe a situation where there is a disagreement or struggle between parties, often involving arguments or competition. This word can apply to both personal conflicts and larger-scale disputes, such as legal or political battles. Example sentences: There was a dispute between the neighbors「隣人同士の争いがあった」(りんじんどうしのあらそいがあった). The siblings often quarrel「兄弟はよく争う」(きょうだいはよくあらそう). Note that '争い' can also imply a sense of competition, as in 'a struggle for power'「権力争い」(けんりょくあらそい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4838

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Every, Each

Reading

Kanji

一One

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一々 (いちいち)' is used to emphasize that something is done or considered individually, one by one, or in detail. It often carries a nuance of thoroughness or meticulousness, and can sometimes imply annoyance or frustration when used in certain contexts. For example: He checks each item「彼は一々チェックする」(かれはいちいちチェックする). I don't need to explain every detail「一々説明する必要はない」(いちいちせつめいするひつようはない). Note that '一々' is often used in negative sentences to express that something doesn't need to be done in such a detailed or repetitive manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4839

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

School

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スクール (sukuuru)' means 'school'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used in Japanese to refer to educational institutions, particularly in contexts that emphasize a modern or Western-style approach to education. It can also be used to describe specialized schools, such as dance schools or language schools. For example: I go to a language school「私は語学スクールに通っています」(わたしはごがくスクールにかよっています). This is a famous dance school「これは有名なダンススクールです」(これはゆうめいなダンススクールです). Note that 'スクール' is often used in compound words, such as 'スクールバス (sukuuru basu)' (school bus) or 'スクールカースト (sukuuru kaasuto)' (school caste, referring to social hierarchies in schools).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4840

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accumulation

Reading

Kanji

蓄Amass, Store up 積Accumulate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '蓄積 (ちくせき)' refers to the act or process of accumulating or gathering something over time. It is often used in contexts related to the buildup of resources, knowledge, data, or even stress. For example: the accumulation of knowledge「知識の蓄積」(ちしきのちくせき). The accumulation of stress can be harmful「ストレスの蓄積は有害です」(ストレスのちくせきはゆうがいです). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to describe gradual buildup or storage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4841

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correct, Hit

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当 (とう)' can have multiple meanings depending on the context. One common meaning is 'hit', referring to a successful strike or impact, often used in sports or games. For example: That was a direct hit「それは直接の当だった」(それはちょくせつのとうだった). Another meaning is 'correct', used to indicate accuracy or correctness in answers or predictions. For example: Your answer is correct「あなたの答えは当です」(あなたのこたえはとうです). The word '当' is versatile and its usage can vary widely, so it's important to pay attention to the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4842

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vulgar, Greedy

Reading

Kanji

卑Mean, Lowly

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '卑しい (いやしい)' can mean 'greedy' or 'vulgar'. When used to mean 'greedy', it describes someone who is excessively desirous of wealth or possessions. For example: He is greedy for money「彼は金に卑しい」(かれはかねにいやしい). When used to mean 'vulgar', it describes something or someone that is lacking in refinement or good taste. For example: Her manners are vulgar「彼女のマナーは卑しい」(かのじょのマナーはいやしい). The word carries a negative connotation and is often used to criticize someone's behavior or character.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4843

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break, Crush

Reading

Kanji

砕Smash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '砕く (くだく)' primarily means 'to crush' or 'to break'. It is used to describe the action of physically breaking something into smaller pieces, such as rocks, ice, or other hard materials. It can also be used metaphorically to describe breaking down abstract concepts, such as breaking down a problem or someone's spirit. For example: He crushed the ice with a hammer「彼はハンマーで氷を砕いた」(かれはハンマーでこおりをくだいた). The news broke her heart「その知らせは彼女の心を砕いた」(そのしらせはかのじょのこころをくだいた). Note that '砕く' often implies a deliberate or forceful action, and it is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4844

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

砕Smash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '砕ける (くだける)' primarily means 'to break' or 'to be broken'. It is often used to describe something physically breaking into smaller pieces, such as glass or rocks. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something abstract, like a person's spirit or resolve, being broken. For example: The glass broke into pieces「ガラスが砕けた」(ガラスがくだけた). His spirit was broken by the harsh criticism「彼の精神は厳しい批判で砕けた」(かれのせいしんはきびしいひはんでくだけた). Additionally, '砕ける' can imply a sense of softening or becoming more approachable, as in '砕けた態度 (くだけたたいど)' (a relaxed or informal attitude).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4845

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trend

Reading

Kanji

動Move 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動向 (どうこう)' refers to the direction or trend in which something is developing or moving. It is often used in contexts such as politics, economics, or social movements to describe the general direction or tendency of events or opinions. For example: the trend of the market「市場の動向」(しじょうのどうこう). The political trend is unclear「政治の動向は不透明だ」(せいじのどうこうはふとうめいだ). This word is commonly used in formal or analytical contexts to discuss shifts or patterns in various fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4846

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ruin, Crush

Reading

Kanji

潰Defile

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潰す (つぶす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to crush,' which refers to physically destroying something by applying pressure, such as crushing a can or squashing an insect. For example: I crushed the can「缶を潰した」(かんをつぶした). The second meaning is 'to ruin,' which refers to causing something to fail or be destroyed, often in a metaphorical sense, such as ruining plans or wasting time. For example: He ruined the plan「彼は計画を潰した」(かれはけいかくをつぶした). The verb can also imply wasting resources or opportunities, as in 'to squander.' The nuance depends on the context, so it's important to pay attention to the object being acted upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4847

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wise

Reading

Kanji

賢Wise, Clever

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '賢い (かしこい)' means 'wise' or 'clever'. It is used to describe someone who has good judgment, intelligence, or practical wisdom. This word can be applied to people, animals, or even decisions and actions. For example: He is a wise man「彼は賢い人だ」(かれはかしこいひとだ). That was a clever idea「それは賢い考えだった」(それはかしこいかんがえだった). The nuance of '賢い' often implies not just intelligence, but also the ability to use that intelligence effectively in practical situations.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4848

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Frequently

Reading

Kanji

頻Frequently, Frequent

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '頻りに (しきりに)' means 'frequently' or 'repeatedly'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur often or persistently. This word often carries a nuance of intensity or earnestness, emphasizing the frequency or persistence of the action. For example: He frequently asked about her「彼は頻りに彼女のことを尋ねた」(かれはしきりにかのじょのことをたずねた). It rained frequently yesterday「昨日は頻りに雨が降った」(きのうはしきりにあめがふった). The adverb can also imply a sense of urgency or eagerness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4849

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loudly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'げらげら (geragera)' is used to describe the sound of loud, unrestrained laughter. It conveys a sense of someone laughing heartily or boisterously. This word is often used in informal contexts and can sometimes imply that the laughter is excessive or uncontrollable. Example sentences: He laughed loudly「彼はげらげら笑った」(かれはげらげらわらった). The children laughed loudly at the joke「子供たちはその冗談をげらげら笑った」(こどもたちはそのじょうだんをげらげらわらった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4850

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equal

Reading

Kanji

等Equal

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '等しい (ひとしい)' means 'equal'. It is used to describe things that are identical in quantity, value, or status. This word can be applied to mathematical contexts, comparisons, or abstract concepts. For example: their scores are equal「彼らのスコアは等しい」(かれらのスコアはひとしい). The two options are equal in value「その二つの選択肢は価値が等しい」(そのふたつのせんたくしはかちがひとしい). Note that '等しい' is often used in formal or written contexts, and it can also imply fairness or equivalence in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4851

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bonus

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 負Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '御負け (おまけ)' refers to something extra or a bonus given to a customer, often as a promotional item or a free addition to a purchase. It is commonly used in retail and marketing contexts. For example: The store gave me a bonus「店が御負けをくれた」(みせがおまけをくれた). This product comes with a bonus「この商品には御負けがついている」(このしょうひんにはおまけがついている). The term can also imply a small gift or an additional benefit, enhancing the value of the main product.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4852

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Painter

Reading

Kanji

画Picture 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '画家 (がか)' refers to a person who creates paintings, typically as a profession or serious hobby. This term is used for artists who work in various painting styles and mediums. For example: He is a famous painter「彼は有名な画家です」(かれはゆうめいながかです). I want to become a painter「私は画家になりたいです」(わたしはがかになりたいです). The word '画家' specifically emphasizes the act of painting, distinguishing it from other types of artists like sculptors or illustrators.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4853

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Usual, Daily

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 頃Approximate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日頃 (ひごろ)' refers to something that is part of one's daily life or routine, or something that is usual or habitual. It often implies a sense of regularity or familiarity. For example: I appreciate your daily efforts「日頃の努力に感謝します」(ひごろのどりょくにかんしゃします). It's important to exercise regularly「日頃から運動することが大切です」(ひごろからうんどうすることがたいせつです). This word is commonly used to describe habits, routines, or things that are consistently present in one's life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4854

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lens

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レンズ (れんず)' means 'lens'. It refers to a piece of glass or other transparent material used in optical devices like cameras, glasses, microscopes, or telescopes to focus light and form images. For example: This camera has a good lens「このカメラはレンズが良い」(このカメラはれんずがいい). I need to clean my glasses' lenses「メガネのレンズを掃除しないと」(めがねのれんずをそうじしないと). The word is commonly used in both everyday and technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4855

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Old

Reading

Kanji

老Old, Aged

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '老 (ろう)' means 'old' and is used to indicate age or seniority. It is often attached to nouns to describe something or someone as being old or elderly. For example: old man「老人」(ろうじん). old age「老年」(ろうねん). This prefix is commonly used in formal or respectful contexts to refer to elderly people or things that have aged. It carries a nuance of respect and experience, especially when referring to people.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4856

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whisper

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ささやく' means 'to whisper'. It is used to describe speaking very softly or quietly, often in a way that is intended to be heard only by a specific person or group. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as sharing secrets, expressing intimate thoughts, or conveying something discreetly. For example: She whispered in my ear「彼女は私の耳にささやいた」(かのじょはわたしのみみにささやいた). The wind whispered through the trees「風が木々の間でささやいていた」(かぜがきぎのあいだでささやいていた). The verb often carries a sense of intimacy or secrecy, making it suitable for poetic or emotional expressions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4857

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wield

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing

Explanation

The Japanese verb '振るう (ふるう)' primarily means 'to wield' or 'to brandish'. It is often used to describe the action of handling or using something, such as a tool or weapon, with skill or force. For example: He wielded the sword skillfully「彼は剣を巧みに振るった」(かれはけんをたくみにふるった). Additionally, '振るう' can also mean 'to flourish' or 'to thrive', particularly in contexts where something is developing or performing exceptionally well. For example: The business is flourishing「そのビジネスは振るっている」(そのビジネスはふるっている). This verb can be used in both literal and figurative senses, making it versatile in various contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4858

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stubborn

Reading

Kanji

頑Stubborn 固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '頑固 (がんこ)' means 'stubborn'. It is used to describe someone who is unyielding or inflexible in their opinions, attitudes, or behavior. This word often carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that the person is unreasonably resistant to change or compromise. For example: my grandfather is stubborn「私の祖父は頑固だ」(わたしのそふはがんこだ). He is too stubborn to admit his mistake「彼は間違いを認めるには頑固すぎる」(かれはまちがいをみとめるにはがんこすぎる). The term can also be used to describe objects or situations that are difficult to change or fix, such as a 'stubborn stain' (頑固な汚れ, がんこなよごれ).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4859

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Simultaneously

Reading

Kanji

一One 斉Uniform, Adjusted

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一斉に (いっせいに)' means 'simultaneously' or 'all at once'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur at the same time, often involving multiple people or things. This word is commonly used in contexts where a group of people or objects act in unison. For example: The students stood up simultaneously「学生たちは一斉に立ち上がった」(がくせいたちはいっせいにたちあがった). The birds flew away all at once「鳥たちは一斉に飛び立った」(とりたちはいっせいにとびたった). The adverb emphasizes the collective nature of the action, highlighting that it is done by everyone or everything involved at the same time.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4860

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serious

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 剣Sword

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '真剣 (しんけん)' means 'serious'. It is used to describe a person's attitude, behavior, or approach when they are deeply focused, earnest, or sincere about something. It often implies a lack of frivolity or playfulness. For example: He is serious about his studies「彼は勉強に真剣です」(かれはべんきょうにしんけんです). She gave a serious answer「彼女は真剣な答えを出した」(かのじょはしんけんなこたえをだした). This word can also describe situations or actions that are carried out with full commitment or gravity, such as '真剣な話 (しんけんなはなし)' (a serious conversation).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4861

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prison

Reading

Kanji

刑Punish 務Duty, Task 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刑務所 (けいむしょ)' refers to a 'prison' or 'penitentiary', a facility where individuals convicted of crimes are incarcerated. This term is specifically used for institutions that house individuals serving sentences for criminal offenses. It is a formal term and is commonly used in legal and official contexts. For example: He was sent to prison「彼は刑務所に送られた」(かれはけいむしょにおくられた). The prison is located outside the city「その刑務所は市の外にあります」(そのけいむしょはしのそとにあります). Note that '刑務所' is distinct from other terms like '拘置所 (こうちしょ)', which refers to a detention center for individuals awaiting trial.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4862

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intense

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 烈Intense, Violent

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '強烈 (きょうれつ)' means 'intense'. It is used to describe something that is extremely strong, powerful, or impactful, often in a way that leaves a deep impression. This word can be applied to physical sensations, emotions, or even abstract concepts. For example: The flavor was intense「その味は強烈だった」(そのあじはきょうれつだった). He has an intense personality「彼は強烈な性格だ」(かれはきょうれつなせいかくだ). The word can also imply a sense of overwhelming or striking nature, such as in '強烈な印象 (きょうれつないんしょう) (intense impression)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oxidation

Reading

Kanji

酸Bitter, Acid 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese noun '酸化 (さんか)' refers to the chemical process of oxidation, where a substance combines with oxygen or loses electrons. This term is commonly used in scientific contexts, such as chemistry or biology, but can also appear in everyday language when discussing rusting or spoilage. For example: Iron undergoes oxidation and rusts「鉄は酸化して錆びる」(てつはさんかしてさびる). The oxidation of food causes it to spoil「食べ物の酸化は腐敗の原因です」(たべもののさんかはふはいのげんいんです). Note that '酸化' is often used in compound words, such as '酸化防止剤 (さんかぼうしざい)' (antioxidant).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4864

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daughter, Miss

Reading

Kanji

嬢Lass, Young lady

Explanation

The Japanese noun '嬢 (じょう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'daughter', often used in formal or respectful contexts to refer to someone's daughter. For example: the shopkeeper's daughter「店主の嬢」(てんしゅのじょう). The second meaning is 'miss', a polite term used to address or refer to a young woman, similar to the English 'Miss'. For example: Miss Tanaka is here「田中嬢が来ています」(たなかじょうがきています). This term is often used in formal or respectful settings, such as in business or when addressing someone of higher social status. It is important to note that '嬢' is typically used in written or formal spoken language, and may sound outdated or overly formal in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4865

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Single

Reading

Kanji

独Alone 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '独身 (どくしん)' means 'single' in the context of marital status. It refers to someone who is not married. This term is neutral and can be used for both men and women. For example: she is single「彼女は独身です」(かのじょはどくしんです). He wants to stay single「彼は独身でいたい」(かれはどくしんでいたい). The word can also be used in phrases like '独身生活 (どくしんせいかつ)' meaning 'single life' or '独身者 (どくしんしゃ)' meaning 'single person'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4866

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Golden week

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ゴールデンウィーク (ごーるでんうぃーく)' refers to a period of consecutive holidays in late April and early May in Japan. This period typically includes Showa Day (April 29), Constitution Memorial Day (May 3), Greenery Day (May 4), and Children's Day (May 5). Many Japanese people take advantage of this time to travel, go on vacation, or spend time with family. For example: I will travel during Golden Week「ゴールデンウィークに旅行します」(ごーるでんうぃーくにりょこうします). Golden Week is a busy time for travel「ゴールデンウィークは旅行の繁忙期です」(ごーるでんうぃーくはりょこうのはんぼうきです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4867

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trot

Reading

Kanji

駆Spur on, Gallop 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '駆け足 (かけあし)' refers to a light, quick run or trot. It is often used to describe a brisk pace, either literally for movement or metaphorically for doing something quickly. For example: The horse is trotting「馬が駆け足をしている」(うまがかけあしをしている). Let's finish this quickly「駆け足で終わらせよう」(かけあしでおわらせよう). This term can also imply doing something in a hurried or superficial manner, as in '駆け足で説明する (かけあしでせつめいする) (to explain something hastily).'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4868

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matter, Affair

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 柄Design, Handle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事柄 (ことがら)' refers to a 'matter' or 'affair', often used to describe a situation, event, or topic of discussion. It is a neutral term that can be applied to various contexts, such as personal matters, business affairs, or general topics. For example: This is an important matter「これは重要な事柄です」(これはじゅうようなことがらです). We need to discuss this affair「この事柄について話し合う必要があります」(このことがらについてはなしあうひつようがあります). The word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe specific issues or subjects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4869

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

China

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support 那What

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '支那 (しな)' is an archaic term for China. It was commonly used in Japan before World War II, but its usage has declined significantly due to its historical connotations and potential to cause offense. In modern contexts, '中国 (ちゅうごく)' is the standard and neutral term for China. Example sentences: He studied the history of China「彼は支那の歴史を勉強した」(かれはしなのれきしをべんきょうした). The word '支那' is rarely used today「支那という言葉は今日ではほとんど使われない」(しなということばはきょうではほとんどつかわれない).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4870

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correct

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese verb '然り (しかり)' is a classical or formal term meaning 'correct' or 'to be so'. It is often used in written or formal contexts to affirm or agree with a statement. In modern Japanese, it is less commonly used in everyday conversation but may appear in literature, legal documents, or formal speeches. For example: That is correct「それは然り」(それはしかり). The decision is correct「その決定は然り」(そのけっていはしかり). Note that this verb is often used in its classical form and may sound archaic in casual settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4871

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Government

Reading

Kanji

官Government, Bureaucrat 庁Government office, Agency

Explanation

The Japanese noun '官庁 (かんちょう)' refers to a government office or agency. It is used to describe the administrative bodies or institutions that are part of the government. This term is often used in formal contexts when discussing governmental operations or structures. For example: The government office is located in Tokyo「官庁は東京にあります」(かんちょうはとうきょうにあります). He works at a government agency「彼は官庁で働いています」(かれはかんちょうではたらいています). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the collective administrative bodies of the government.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4872

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prefecture office

Reading

Kanji

県Prefecture 庁Government office, Agency

Explanation

The Japanese noun '県庁 (けんちょう)' refers to the 'prefecture office' or 'prefectural government office'. This is the administrative center of a prefecture in Japan, where local government affairs are managed. It is typically the main building where the governor and other government officials work. Example sentences include: The prefecture office is near the station 「県庁は駅の近くです」 (けんちょうはえきのちかくです). I went to the prefecture office today 「今日は県庁に行きました」 (きょうはけんちょうにいきました). Note that '県庁' is specifically used for the prefectural level, distinct from city or ward offices.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4873

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heated table

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'こたつ (kotatsu)' refers to a low, wooden table frame covered by a heavy blanket, with a heat source underneath. It is a traditional piece of furniture used in Japan during the colder months to keep warm. People sit around the kotatsu with their legs underneath the blanket, enjoying the warmth. For example: Let's sit at the kotatsu「こたつで座りましょう」(こたつですわりましょう). The kotatsu is very warm「こたつはとても暖かいです」(こたつはとてもあたたかいです). The kotatsu is often associated with family gatherings and cozy winter evenings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4874

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Series

Reading

Kanji

一One 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一連 (いちれん)' means 'series'. It refers to a sequence or chain of related events, actions, or items. This word is often used to describe a connected set of occurrences or objects. For example: a series of incidents「一連の事件」(いちれんのじけん). A series of meetings「一連の会議」(いちれんのかいぎ). It can also be used in contexts like 'a series of steps' or 'a series of articles'. The word emphasizes the continuity or connection between the elements in the sequence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4875

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Liquid

Reading

Kanji

液Liquid

Explanation

The Japanese noun '液 (えき)' refers to 'liquid'. It is used to describe substances in a fluid state, such as water, oil, or chemical solutions. This term is often used in scientific, medical, or everyday contexts. For example: the liquid is transparent「その液は透明です」(そのえきはとうめいです). Please handle the liquid carefully「その液を慎重に扱ってください」(そのえきをしんちょうにあつかってください). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '血液 (けつえき)' (blood) or '溶液 (ようえき)' (solution).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4876

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Curry

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'カレー (karee)' refers to 'curry', a dish that is widely popular in Japan and typically consists of meat, vegetables, and a thick, spiced sauce served with rice. Japanese curry is distinct from Indian or Thai curry, often milder and sweeter, and is commonly made using pre-packaged curry roux. Example sentences: I ate curry for lunch「昼ごはんにカレーを食べた」(ひるごはんにかれーをたべた). My mom makes the best curry「母のカレーが一番おいしい」(ははのかれーがいちばんおいしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4877

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Radish

Reading

Kanji

大Big 根Root

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大根 (だいこん)' refers to a 'radish', specifically the daikon radish, which is a large, white, mild-flavored variety commonly used in Japanese cuisine. It is a versatile vegetable that can be eaten raw, pickled, or cooked in dishes such as stews, soups, and salads. For example: I grated the radish「大根をおろした」(だいこんをおろした). Radish salad is delicious「大根サラダは美味しい」(だいこんサラダはおいしい). The word '大根' literally translates to 'big root', reflecting its size and shape.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4878

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Saturday

Reading

Kanji

土Soil 曜Weekday

Explanation

The Japanese noun '土曜 (どよう)' refers to 'Saturday', the seventh day of the week. It is commonly used in contexts related to scheduling, planning, or discussing days of the week. For example: I have a meeting on Saturday「土曜に会議があります」(どようにかいぎがあります). Saturday is my day off「土曜は休みです」(どようはやすみです). The word is often paired with other time-related terms, such as '土曜日 (どようび)', which also means 'Saturday' but is slightly more formal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4879

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ability

Reading

Kanji

能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese noun '能 (のう)' primarily means 'ability' or 'capability'. It refers to the capacity or skill to perform a task or achieve something. This word is often used in contexts related to personal or professional skills, such as in '彼は語学の能がある (かれはごがくののうがある)', which translates to 'He has a talent for languages'. Additionally, '能' can also refer to Noh, a traditional form of Japanese theater, but this is a completely different and unrelated meaning. For example: Noh is a traditional Japanese performance art「能は日本の伝統芸能です」(のうはにほんのでんとうげいのうです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

League

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'リーグ (りーぐ)' means 'league'. It refers to an organized group of teams or clubs that compete against each other, often in sports. This term is commonly used in contexts related to sports leagues, such as baseball, soccer, or other competitive events. For example: He plays in the professional league「彼はプロのリーグでプレーしている」(かれはぷろのりーぐでぷれーしている). Our team joined the local soccer league「私たちのチームは地元のサッカーリーグに参加した」(わたしたちのちーむはじもとのさっかーりーぐにさんかした). The word is borrowed from English and retains its original meaning, making it easy to understand in both languages.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4881

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tilt

Reading

Kanji

傾Incline, Lean

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傾ける (かたむける)' primarily means 'to tilt' or 'to incline'. It is used to describe the action of causing something to lean or slant in a particular direction. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as tilting a glass, or metaphorically, such as tilting one's attention or efforts towards something. For example: He tilted his head「彼は頭を傾けた」(かれはあたまをかたむけた). She is tilting her efforts towards the project「彼女はそのプロジェクトに力を傾けている」(かのじょはそのプロジェクトにちからをかたむけている). The verb can also imply a sense of dedication or focus, as in dedicating one's heart or mind to a task.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4882

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Junior

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 輩Fellow, Comrade

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後輩 (こうはい)' refers to someone who is junior to you, typically in a school, workplace, or organization. This term is often used to describe someone who joined after you or is younger in age or experience. It carries a sense of hierarchy and is commonly used in contexts where seniority matters. For example: My junior is very hardworking「私の後輩はとても頑張り屋です」(わたしのこうはいはとてもがんばりやです). I often help my juniors with their work「私はよく後輩の仕事を手伝います」(わたしはよくこうはいのしごとをてつだいます). The term is neutral and does not inherently imply a positive or negative relationship, but it emphasizes the hierarchical structure common in Japanese society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4883

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perfume

Reading

Kanji

香Fragrance 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '香水 (こうすい)' means 'perfume'. It refers to a fragrant liquid typically made from essential oils and used to impart a pleasant scent to the body or surroundings. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal grooming, fashion, or gifts. For example: She bought a new perfume「彼女は新しい香水を買った」(かのじょはあたらしいこうすいをかった). This perfume smells like roses「この香水はバラの香りがする」(このこうすいのはバラのかおりがする). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is pleasing or attractive in a non-literal sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4884

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chorus

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 唱Chant

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合唱 (がっしょう)' refers to a 'chorus' or 'choral singing'. It is commonly used to describe a group of people singing together in harmony, often in a formal or organized setting such as a school event, concert, or religious ceremony. For example: The students performed a chorus at the school festival「生徒たちは学園祭で合唱をしました」(せいとたちはがくえんさいでがっしょうをしました). We practiced the chorus for the concert「私たちはコンサートのために合唱を練習しました」(わたしたちはこんさーとのためにがっしょうをれんしゅうしました). This term is often associated with group performances and emphasizes the collective effort of singing together.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4885

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crystallization

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 晶Crystal

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '結晶 (けっしょう)' refers to the process or result of crystallization, where a substance forms into a crystal structure. It can also metaphorically represent the culmination or tangible result of efforts, ideas, or emotions. For example: The crystallization of salt from seawater「海水からの塩の結晶」(かいすいからのしおのけっしょう). Her hard work finally crystallized into success「彼女の努力がついに成功という結晶になった」(かのじょのどりょくがついにせいこうというけっしょうになった).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4886

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proverb

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ことわざ (kotowaza)' refers to a 'proverb' or 'saying'. These are traditional, short expressions that convey wisdom, advice, or cultural values. They are often metaphorical and deeply rooted in Japanese culture. For example: The early bird catches the worm「早起きは三文の徳」(はやおきはさんもんのとく). A rolling stone gathers no moss「転がる石に苔は生えぬ」(ころがるいしにこけははえぬ). 'ことわざ' are commonly used in everyday conversation, literature, and education to teach lessons or emphasize points.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4887

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respect

Reading

Kanji

敬Respect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '敬う (うやまう)' means 'to respect' or 'to honor'. It is used to express deep respect or reverence towards someone, often someone of higher status, such as elders, teachers, or deities. This verb carries a formal and respectful tone, and it is commonly used in contexts where showing deference is important. Example sentences: We respect our ancestors「私たちは先祖を敬う」(わたしたちはせんぞをうやまう). He respects his teacher deeply「彼は先生を深く敬う」(かれはせんせいをふかくうやまう). The verb is often used in formal or ceremonial contexts, emphasizing a sense of dignity and reverence.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4888

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rare

Reading

Kanji

滅Ruin, Destroy 多Many

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '滅多 (めった)' means 'rare' and is often used in negative constructions to indicate that something seldom happens. It is commonly paired with the negative form of verbs to express infrequency. For example: I rarely go there「滅多に行かない」(めったにいかない). He rarely gets angry「彼は滅多に怒らない」(かれはめったにおこらない). The word is typically used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuance of something being unusual or exceptional.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ceremony

Reading

Kanji

儀Ceremony 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '儀式 (ぎしき)' refers to a formal event or ritual, often with a set of traditional or religious procedures. It is commonly used to describe events like weddings, funerals, or other significant cultural or religious gatherings. For example: The wedding ceremony was beautiful「結婚式の儀式は美しかった」(けっこんしきのぎしきはうつくしかった). They performed a traditional tea ceremony「彼らは伝統的な茶道の儀式を行った」(かれらはでんとうてきなさどうのぎしきをおこなった). The word emphasizes the structured and formal nature of such events, often involving specific customs or traditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4890

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indicator

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 標Signpost, Mark

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指標 (しひょう)' means 'indicator'. It refers to a sign, measure, or index that shows the state or level of something. This word is often used in contexts such as economics, science, and statistics to describe data points or metrics that provide insight into trends or conditions. For example: The economic indicators are improving「経済指標が改善している」(けいざいしひょうがかいぜんしている). This chart shows key performance indicators「このチャートは主要な業績指標を示している」(このチャートはしゅようなぎょうせきしひょうをしめしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4891

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Detective

Reading

Kanji

探Search 偵Spy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '探偵 (たんてい)' refers to a 'detective', someone who investigates and solves crimes or mysteries. This term is commonly used in contexts involving private investigators, fictional detectives, or professional sleuths. For example: He is a famous detective「彼は有名な探偵です」(かれはゆうめいなたんていです). The detective solved the case「探偵が事件を解決した」(たんていがじけんをかいけつした). The word can also appear in compound terms like '探偵小説 (たんていしょうせつ)' (detective novel) or '探偵事務所 (たんていじむしょ)' (detective agency).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4892

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deposit

Reading

Kanji

敷Spread, Lay 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '敷金 (しききん)' refers to a 'deposit' paid when renting a property, such as an apartment or house. This deposit is typically paid to the landlord or property owner at the beginning of the lease and is intended to cover potential damages or unpaid rent. It is common in Japan for the deposit to be non-refundable or partially refundable, depending on the terms of the rental agreement. For example: The deposit for this apartment is high「このアパートの敷金は高いです」(このアパートのしききんはたかいです). I paid the deposit when I moved in「引っ越しの時に敷金を払いました」(ひっこしのときにしききんをはらいました). Note that '敷金' is often used alongside '礼金 (れいきん)', which is a non-refundable 'key money' payment also common in Japanese rental agreements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4893

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bill, Calculation

Reading

Kanji

勘Check, Intuition 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '勘定 (かんじょう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'bill', referring to the amount owed for services or goods, often used in restaurants or stores. For example: Please bring the bill「勘定をお願いします」(かんじょうをおねがいします). The second meaning is 'calculation', referring to the act of computing or figuring out numbers. For example: He is good at mental calculation「彼は暗算の勘定が得意です」(かれはあんざんのかんじょうがとくいです). The word can also imply careful consideration or planning in certain contexts, such as 'taking into account'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4894

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rich

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金持ち (かねもち)' means 'rich' or 'wealthy'. It refers to someone who possesses a significant amount of money or wealth. This term is often used to describe individuals who have financial abundance. For example: he is rich「彼は金持ちだ」(かれはかねもちだ). That family is wealthy「あの家族は金持ちだ」(あのかぞくはかねもちだ). The word is a combination of '金 (かね)', meaning 'money', and '持ち (もち)', meaning 'holding' or 'possessing'. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe financial status.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4895

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Waterworks

Reading

Kanji

水Water 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水道 (すいどう)' refers to a water supply system or waterworks. It is commonly used to describe the infrastructure that provides water to homes, businesses, and public spaces. This term can also refer to the pipes and facilities that make up the water distribution system. For example: The waterworks in this city are very efficient「この街の水道はとても効率的です」(このまちのすいどうはとてもこうりつてきです). Please pay the water bill「水道料金を払ってください」(すいどうりょうきんをはらってください). The word is often used in contexts related to utilities, infrastructure, and daily life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4896

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discomfort

Reading

Kanji

不Not 快Pleasant

Explanation

The Japanese noun '不快 (ふかい)' refers to a feeling of discomfort or unpleasantness. It can describe physical discomfort, such as feeling unwell, or emotional discomfort, such as unease or irritation. This word is often used in contexts where something causes a negative sensation or reaction. For example: I feel discomfort in this situation「この状況に不快を感じる」(このじょうきょうにふかいをかんじる). The smell caused discomfort「その匂いが不快を引き起こした」(そのにおいがふかいをひきおこした). It is also commonly used in phrases like '不快感 (ふかいかん)' (feeling of discomfort) to emphasize the sensation of unease.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4897

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add

Reading

Kanji

付Attach 加Join, Add

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付け加える (つけくわえる)' means 'to add' or 'to append'. It is used when someone wants to include additional information, details, or elements to something that already exists. This verb is often used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in conversations, writing, or instructions. For example: I will add a comment to the report「レポートにコメントを付け加えます」(レポートにコメントをつけくわえます). She added some spices to the soup「彼女はスープにスパイスを付け加えた」(かのじょはスープにスパイスをつけくわえた). The nuance of this verb implies that the addition is supplementary or enhancing, rather than being the main focus.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4898

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misunderstanding

Reading

Kanji

勘Check, Intuition 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '勘違い (かんちがい)' means 'misunderstanding' or 'mistaken assumption'. It refers to a situation where someone has misunderstood or misinterpreted something, often leading to confusion or incorrect conclusions. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe minor or significant errors in perception or judgment. For example: I misunderstood the time「時間を勘違いした」(じかんをかんちがいした). She thought I was angry, but it was a misunderstanding「彼女は私が怒っていると勘違いした」(かのじょはわたしがおこっているとかんちがいした). The term can also imply a sense of self-awareness when realizing one's own mistake, as in 'I was mistaken'「勘違いしていた」(かんちがいしていた).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4899

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

From now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'これから (korekara)' means 'from now' or 'from this point forward'. It is used to indicate the start of something new or a change in direction, often referring to the future. For example: From now, I will study harder「これから、もっと勉強します」(これから、もっとべんきょうします). What will you do from now?「これからどうするの？」(これからどうするの？). It can also be used to indicate the beginning of an event or activity, as in 'Let's start from now'「これから始めましょう」(これからはじめましょう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4900

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting