Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Writing, Notation

Reading

Kanji

表Surface, Express 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '表記 (ひょうき)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'notation', referring to the system or method of representing something in written form, such as musical notation or mathematical notation. The second meaning is 'writing', which refers to the act or style of writing something down, such as the way a word is written in kanji, hiragana, or katakana. For example: The notation for this formula is complicated「この式の表記は複雑だ」(このしきのひょうきはふくざつだ). The writing of this word in kanji is difficult「この言葉の表記は難しい」(このことばのひょうきはむずかしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Folder

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'フォルダー (forudaa)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'folder'. It refers to a physical or digital folder used for organizing documents, files, or other items. In digital contexts, it is commonly used in computing to describe directories that store files. For example: Please save the file in the folder「ファイルをフォルダーに保存してください」(ファイルをフォルダーにほぞんしてください). I need a new folder for these papers「これらの書類に新しいフォルダーが必要です」(これらのしょるいにあたらしいフォルダーがひつようです). The word is widely understood in both professional and casual settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5202

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prince

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'オウジ' (おうじ) refers to a 'prince'. This term is used to denote a male member of a royal family, particularly the son of a king or queen. It is often used in titles or names, such as in fairy tales or historical contexts. For example: The prince is kind「王子は親切です」(おうじはしんせつです). I met the prince at the castle「私は城で王子に会いました」(わたしはしろでおうじにあいました). Note that 'オウジ' is typically written in katakana, reflecting its status as a proper noun or title.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

5203

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kick

Reading

Kanji

蹴Kick

Explanation

The Japanese verb '蹴る (ける)' means 'to kick'. It is used to describe the action of striking or hitting something with the foot. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he kicked the ball「彼はボールを蹴った」(かれはボールをけった). She kicked the habit「彼女はその癖を蹴った」(かのじょはそのくせをけった). In the second example, '蹴る' is used figuratively to mean 'to quit' or 'to give up' a habit. The verb can also be used in various forms to indicate different tenses or levels of politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5204

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Realize

Reading

Kanji

悟Spiritually awakened, Comprehension

Explanation

The Japanese verb '悟る (さとる)' means 'to realize' or 'to become aware of', often in a profound or spiritual sense. It is commonly used to describe the moment of enlightenment or understanding, particularly in a philosophical or religious context. For example: He realized the truth「彼は真実を悟った」(かれはしんじつをさとった). She became aware of her mistake「彼女は自分の過ちを悟った」(かのじょはじぶんのあやまちをさとった). This verb can also imply a deep, often sudden, comprehension of a situation or concept, and is frequently used in contexts related to Buddhism or personal growth.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5205

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Southwest

Reading

Kanji

南South 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南西 (なんせい)' means 'southwest'. It is a compound word formed by combining '南 (なん)' meaning 'south' and '西 (せい)' meaning 'west'. This term is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as giving directions or describing locations. For example: The wind is coming from the southwest「風が南西から吹いている」(かぜがなんせいからふいている). The island is located to the southwest of the mainland「その島は本土の南西に位置している」(そのしまはほんどのなんせいにいちしている). It can also be used in weather forecasts or navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5206

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Southeast

Reading

Kanji

南South 東East

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南東 (なんとう)' means 'southeast'. It refers to the cardinal direction that is halfway between south and east. This term is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as describing the location of a place or the direction of movement. For example: The wind is coming from the southeast「風が南東から吹いている」(かぜがなんとうからふいている). The city is located to the southeast of Tokyo「その都市は東京の南東に位置している」(そのとしはとうきょうのなんとうにいちしている). The term can also be used in weather forecasts or navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Northwest

Reading

Kanji

北North 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北西 (ほくせい)' means 'northwest'. It is a compound word formed by combining '北 (きた)', meaning 'north', and '西 (にし)', meaning 'west'. This term is commonly used to indicate a direction or location, such as in weather forecasts or when giving directions. For example: The wind is blowing from the northwest「北西から風が吹いている」(ほくせいからかぜがふいている). The town is located to the northwest of the city「その町は市の北西に位置している」(そのまちはしのほくせいにいちしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Northeast

Reading

Kanji

北North 東East

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北東 (ほくとう)' means 'northeast'. It is a compound word formed by combining '北 (きた)' meaning 'north' and '東 (ひがし)' meaning 'east'. This term is commonly used to indicate a direction or location. For example: the wind is blowing from the northeast「風が北東から吹いている」(かぜがほくとうからふいている). The city is located to the northeast of Tokyo「その都市は東京の北東に位置している」(そのとしはとうきょうのほくとうにいちしている). It is also used in weather forecasts and geographical descriptions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direction

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '向き (むき)' primarily means 'direction'. It refers to the way something is facing or oriented. This word is often used to describe physical directions, such as the orientation of a building or the direction in which something is moving. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe tendencies or suitability. For example: The house faces south「その家は南向きです」(そのいえはみなみむきです). This job is suitable for beginners「この仕事は初心者向きです」(このしごとはしょしんしゃむきです). Note that '向き' can also imply suitability or appropriateness for a particular group or purpose, as seen in the second example.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5210

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opposite

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '向かい (むかい)' means 'opposite' and refers to something directly across from a specific point or location. It is often used to describe the position of buildings, rooms, or objects relative to each other. For example: The post office is opposite the station「郵便局は駅の向かいです」(ゆうびんきょくはえきのむかいです). My friend lives opposite my house「友達は私の家の向かいです」(ともだちはわたしのいえのむかいです). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to indicate spatial relationships.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5211

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Introduction

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 門Gate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入門 (にゅうもん)' means 'introduction' or 'beginner's guide'. It is commonly used to refer to introductory materials, courses, or books that provide basic knowledge or skills in a particular subject. For example: This is a good introduction to Japanese「これは日本語の入門に良い」(これはにほんごのにゅうもんにいい). I bought a beginner's guide to programming「プログラミングの入門を買った」(ぷろぐらみんぐのにゅうもんをかった). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the initial steps or entry into a new field or activity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5212

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Still, Unchanged

Reading

Kanji

依Reliant, Depend on 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '依然 (いぜん)' means 'still' or 'unchanged'. It is used to indicate that a situation or condition remains the same as before, often implying a lack of progress or change. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts. For example: The problem is still unresolved「問題は依然として解決されていない」(もんだいはいぜんとしてかいけつされていない). The situation remains unchanged「状況は依然として変わらない」(じょうきょうはいぜんとしてかわらない). Note that '依然' is often paired with particles like 'として' to emphasize the continuity of a state.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally, Naturally

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '固より (もとより)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'originally', referring to something that was true from the beginning or from the start. For example: He was originally a teacher「彼は固より教師だった」(かれはもとよりきょうしだった). The second meaning is 'naturally', indicating something that is obvious or goes without saying. For example: Naturally, I agree with you「固より、あなたに賛成です」(もとより、あなたにさんせいです). This word is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuanced tone of something being self-evident or inherent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5214

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Signature

Reading

Kanji

署Government office 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '署名 (しょめい)' refers to a 'signature'. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as signing contracts, documents, or petitions. For example: Please put your signature here「ここに署名してください」(ここにしょめいしてください). The document requires your signature「その書類には署名が必要です」(そのしょるいにはしょめいがひつようです). The word can also be used in legal or official contexts, such as '署名運動 (しょめいうんどう)', which refers to a signature campaign or petition drive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5215

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Claim

Reading

Kanji

申Report 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '申し立て (もうしたて)' refers to a formal statement or claim made, often in a legal or official context. It is used when someone presents a case, assertion, or complaint to an authority or in a formal setting. For example: He made a claim about the contract「彼は契約についての申し立てをした」(かれはけいやくについてのもうしたてをした). The company submitted a formal complaint「会社は正式な申し立てを提出した」(かいしゃはせいしきなもうしたてをていしゅつした). This term is commonly used in legal proceedings, disputes, or when lodging grievances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5216

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

贈Present, Presents

Explanation

The Japanese verb '贈る (おくる)' means 'to give' or 'to present'. It is specifically used when giving something as a gift, award, or token of appreciation. This verb carries a nuance of formality and is often used in contexts like giving presents, awards, or donations. For example: I will give a book as a gift「本を贈ります」(ほんをおくります). They gave her a medal「彼らは彼女にメダルを贈った」(かれらはかのじょにメダルをおくった). Note that '贈る' is distinct from other verbs like 'あげる', as it implies a more formal or ceremonial act of giving.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5217

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Demonstration

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'デモ (demo)' is a loanword derived from the English 'demonstration'. It refers to a public display of group opinion, often in the form of a march or rally, typically for political or social causes. This term is commonly used in contexts involving protests, advocacy, or public gatherings to express collective demands or support. For example: There was a big demonstration yesterday「昨日は大きなデモがあった」(きのうはおおきなデモがあった). They organized a demonstration for climate change「彼らは気候変動のためのデモを組織した」(かれらはきこうへんどうのためのデモをそしきした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5218

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kana

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仮名 (かな)' refers to the syllabic scripts used in Japanese writing, specifically hiragana and katakana. These scripts are used to represent sounds and are essential for writing native Japanese words, grammatical elements, and foreign loanwords. For example: I wrote my name in hiragana「私の名前をひらがなで書きました」(わたしのなまえをひらがなでかきました). Katakana is used for foreign words「カタカナは外来語に使います」(カタカナはがいらいごにつかいます). The term '仮名' contrasts with '漢字 (かんじ)', which are the logographic characters borrowed from Chinese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hire

Reading

Kanji

雇Employ, Hire

Explanation

The Japanese verb '雇う (やとう)' means 'to hire'. It is used when referring to the act of employing someone, typically for a job or service. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as hiring employees, workers, or even temporary staff. For example: The company hired new employees「会社は新しい従業員を雇った」(かいしゃはあたらしいじゅうぎょういんをやとう). They hired a gardener「彼らは庭師を雇った」(かれらはにわしをやとう). The nuance of '雇う' often implies a formal or contractual employment relationship, distinguishing it from more casual arrangements.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5220

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word processor

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ワープロ (わーぷろ)' is a shortened form of 'ワードプロセッサ (わーどぷろせっさ)', meaning 'word processor'. It refers to a device or software used for typing, editing, and formatting text documents. This term was widely used in the 1980s and 1990s when dedicated word processing machines were popular in Japan. Nowadays, it is often used to refer to word processing software on computers. Example sentences: I bought a new word processor「新しいワープロを買いました」(あたらしいわーぷろをかいました). She is typing a report on the word processor「彼女はワープロでレポートを打っています」(かのじょはわーぷろでれぽーとをうっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5221

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Affair

Reading

Kanji

浮Float 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浮気 (うわき)' refers to an extramarital affair or infidelity. It is used to describe a situation where someone is romantically or sexually involved with someone other than their partner. This term carries a negative connotation and is often associated with betrayal. For example: He had an affair「彼は浮気をした」(かれはうわきをした). She found out about her husband's affair「彼女は夫の浮気を知った」(かのじょはおとうとのうわきをしった). The word can also be used more broadly to describe a fleeting interest or flirtation, but this usage is less common and typically context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Situation

Reading

Kanji

情Feeling, Emotion 勢Power, Force

Explanation

The Japanese noun '情勢 (じょうせい)' refers to the state or condition of affairs, particularly in a political, economic, or social context. It is often used to describe the current state of events or trends. For example: The political situation is unstable「政治の情勢は不安定です」(せいじのじょうせいはふあんていです). The economic situation is improving「経済の情勢は改善しています」(けいざいのじょうせいはかいぜんしています). This term is commonly used in news reports, discussions, and analyses to describe the broader state of affairs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interests, Gains

Reading

Kanji

利Profit, Advantage 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '利害 (りがい)' refers to 'interests' or 'gains', often in the context of benefits and losses. It is commonly used to discuss the advantages and disadvantages, or the pros and cons, of a situation, decision, or relationship. For example: The interests of the company and the employees are aligned「会社と従業員の利害は一致している」(かいしゃとじゅうぎょういんのりがいはいっちしている). They discussed the gains and losses of the project「彼らはそのプロジェクトの利害を話し合った」(かれらはそのぷろじぇくとのりがいをはなしあった). The term can also be used in legal or business contexts to describe conflicts of interest or mutual benefits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5224

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

China, Chinese

Reading

Kanji

中Center 華China, Splendor

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '中華 (ちゅうか)' refers to China or things related to Chinese culture, cuisine, or style. It is commonly used in compound words to denote something of Chinese origin or influence. For example: Chinese cuisine「中華料理」(ちゅうかりょうり), Chinese-style architecture「中華風建築」(ちゅうかふうけんちく). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to anything associated with Chinese culture or traditions. Note that while '中華' primarily refers to China, it is often used in contexts emphasizing cultural or stylistic elements rather than the geographical or political entity.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Brazil

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ブラジル (burajiru)' refers to the country Brazil. It is written in katakana, as is typical for foreign loanwords and proper nouns in Japanese. This word is used in contexts discussing geography, culture, or anything related to Brazil. For example: I want to visit Brazil「ブラジルに行きたいです」(ブラジルにいきたいです). Brazil is famous for soccer「ブラジルはサッカーで有名です」(ブラジルはサッカーでゆうめいです). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its reference to the country.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

5226

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add, Hold

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くわえる' (kuwaeru) has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to add', which refers to including something extra or supplementary. For example: add sugar to the tea「お茶に砂糖をくわえる」(おちゃにさとうをくわえる). The second meaning is 'to hold in the mouth', often used when an animal or person holds something gently between their teeth or lips. For example: the dog holds the bone in its mouth「犬が骨をくわえている」(いぬがほねをくわえている). The context will usually clarify which meaning is intended, as they are distinct in usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5227

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Embark, Lean out

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り出す (のりだす)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to lean out', which is often used when someone leans out of a window, vehicle, or other structure. For example: he leaned out of the window「彼は窓から乗り出した」(かれはまどからのりだした). The second meaning is 'to embark on' or 'to start something new', such as a project or journey. For example: she embarked on a new career「彼女は新しいキャリアに乗り出した」(かのじょはあたらしいキャリアにのりだした). These two meanings are unrelated, so both are included as separate meanings. The verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5228

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cheap

Reading

Kanji

安Cheap, Relax

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '安っぽい (やすっぽい)' means 'cheap' in the sense of something appearing low-quality or tacky. It is often used to describe objects, designs, or behaviors that seem inexpensive or lacking in sophistication. For example: That bag looks cheap「そのバッグは安っぽい」(そのバッグはやすっぽい). His jokes are cheap「彼のジョークは安っぽい」(かれのジョークはやすっぽい). The word carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that something is not just inexpensive but also of poor quality or taste.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5229

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decline

Reading

Kanji

低Low 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '低下 (ていか)' means 'decline' or 'decrease'. It is used to describe a reduction or drop in quality, quantity, level, or status. This term is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as economics, health, or performance. For example: a decline in academic performance「学力の低下」(がくりょくのていか). The decrease in temperature「気温の低下」(きおんのていか). It can also be used to describe a decline in physical or mental condition, such as '体力の低下 (たいりょくのていか) (decline in physical strength)'. Note that '低下' is often paired with nouns using the particle 'の' to indicate what is declining.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5230

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Low

Reading

Kanji

低Low

Explanation

The Japanese noun '低 (てい)' means 'low'. It is often used to describe something that is physically low in height or position, or metaphorically low in status, level, or quality. For example: the low temperature「低い温度」(ひくいおんど). The low status of the employee「従業員の低い地位」(じゅうぎょういんのひくいちい). It can also be used in compound words, such as '低気圧 (ていきあつ)' (low pressure) or '低所得 (ていしょとく)' (low income). Note that '低' is often used in its adjectival form '低い (ひくい)' to describe nouns directly.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月初め (つきはじめ)' refers to the 'start' or 'beginning of the month'. It is commonly used to describe the first few days of a new month, often in contexts related to schedules, payments, or planning. For example: The rent is due at the start of the month「家賃は月初めに支払います」(やちんはつきはじめにしはらいます). We will start the project at the beginning of the month「プロジェクトは月初めに始めます」(プロジェクトはつきはじめにはじめます). Note that this word is specific to the temporal context of the month and is not used for other types of beginnings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5232

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Announcement

Reading

Kanji

公Public 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese noun '公表 (こうひょう)' refers to the act of making something publicly known or announcing it officially. It is often used in formal contexts, such as government announcements, corporate disclosures, or public statements. For example: The company made an announcement about the new product「会社は新製品について公表しました」(かいしゃはしんせいひんについてこうひょうしました). The government announced the new policy「政府は新しい政策を公表しました」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをこうひょうしました). The word carries a formal tone and is typically used for significant or official information.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5233

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Critique, Commentary

Reading

Kanji

評Evaluate 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '評論 (ひょうろん)' refers to a critical analysis or commentary on a subject, often used in the context of literature, art, politics, or social issues. It implies a detailed and thoughtful examination, often with an evaluative or analytical perspective. For example: His critique of the novel was insightful「彼の小説の評論は洞察に富んでいた」(かれのしょうせつのひょうろんはどうさつにとんでいた). The professor's commentary on the political situation was widely read「教授の政治状況に関する評論は広く読まれた」(きょうじゅのせいじじょうきょうにかんするひょうろんはひろくよまれた). This word is often used in formal or academic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manage, Conduct

Reading

Kanji

営Manage

Explanation

The Japanese verb '営む (いとなむ)' primarily means 'to manage' or 'to conduct'. It is often used to describe the act of running or operating a business, organization, or activity. For example: he manages a small shop「彼は小さな店を営んでいる」(かれはちいさなみせをいとなんでいる). The company conducts its operations globally「その会社は世界規模で事業を営んでいる」(そのかいしゃはせかいきぼでじぎょうをいとなんでいる). Additionally, it can be used in a broader sense to describe the conduct of life or daily activities, such as 'to lead a life' or 'to carry out daily routines'. For example: she leads a quiet life「彼女は静かな生活を営んでいる」(かのじょはしずかなせいかつをいとなんでいる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5235

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Callout

Reading

Kanji

呼Invite, Call 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呼び掛ける (よびかける)' primarily means 'to call out' or 'to appeal to someone'. It is often used when addressing a group of people or making a public appeal. This verb can also imply a sense of urgency or importance in the call. For example: The teacher called out to the students「先生は生徒に呼び掛けた」(せんせいはせいとによびかけた). The politician appealed to the citizens for support「政治家は市民に支援を呼び掛けた」(せいじかはしみんにしえんをよびかけた). The nuance of this verb often involves reaching out to others, whether for attention, help, or action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5236

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Positive

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '前向き (まえむき)' means 'positive' or 'forward-looking'. It is used to describe an attitude or approach that is optimistic, constructive, and focused on progress or improvement. This term is often used in contexts related to personal growth, problem-solving, or decision-making. For example: She has a positive attitude「彼女は前向きです」(かのじょはまえむきです). We need to take a forward-looking approach「前向きなアプローチが必要です」(まえむきなあぷろーちがひつようです). The word can also imply a willingness to face challenges and move forward, rather than dwelling on the past or being pessimistic.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5237

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サイド (saido)' means 'side'. It is a loanword derived from English and is commonly used in various contexts to refer to the side of something, such as the side of a building, a side dish, or a side in a competition. For example: Please sit on this side「このサイドに座ってください」(このサイドにすわってください). I ordered a side of fries「フライドポテトのサイドを注文しました」(フライドポテトのサイドをちゅうもんしました). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the bright side of life' (人生の明るいサイド) (じんせいのあかるいサイド).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5238

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spouse

Reading

Kanji

配Distribute 偶Couple, By chance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '配偶 (はいぐう)' refers to a spouse, meaning a husband or wife. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as when discussing marital status or legal rights. For example: He lost his spouse「彼は配偶を失った」(かれははいぐうをうしなった). The rights of a spouse are protected by law「配偶の権利は法律で守られている」(はいぐうのけんりはほうりつでまもられている). Note that '配偶' is more formal than everyday terms like '夫 (おっと)' for husband or '妻 (つま)' for wife, and is typically used in written or official contexts rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice cake

Reading

Kanji

餅Mochi rice cake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '餅 (もち)' refers to a traditional Japanese food made from glutinous rice that has been pounded into a sticky, elastic mass. It is often shaped into round or rectangular forms and can be eaten in various ways, such as grilled, boiled, or as part of soups and desserts. '餅' is particularly associated with Japanese New Year celebrations, where it is used in dishes like 'お雑煮 (おぞうに)' (ozōni), a soup containing mochi. Example sentences include: I ate a rice cake「餅を食べた」(もちをたべた). Rice cakes are sticky「餅は粘り気がある」(もちはねばりけがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Publication

Reading

Kanji

刊Publish, Edition

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '刊 (かん)' is used to indicate 'publication' or 'issue' of books, magazines, or other printed materials. It is often attached to nouns to specify the type or frequency of publication. For example: monthly publication「月刊」(げっかん). first issue「創刊」(そうかん). This suffix is commonly seen in the titles of magazines or series, such as '週刊 (しゅうかん)' meaning 'weekly publication'. It is important to note that '刊' is typically used in formal or written contexts and is not commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5241

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hardware

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ハードウェア (haadowea)' refers to 'hardware', specifically the physical components of a computer or electronic system. This term is used in contrast to 'software' (ソフトウェア), which refers to the programs and operating systems that run on the hardware. For example: I bought new hardware for my computer「新しいハードウェアを買いました」(あたらしいハードウェアをかいました). This hardware is very powerful「このハードウェアはとてもパワフルです」(このハードウェアはとてもぱわふるです). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to physical tools or equipment in various fields, but it is most commonly associated with technology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5242

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Public

Reading

Kanji

人Person 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人前 (ひとまえ)' refers to being in the presence of others or in a public setting. It is often used to describe situations where one's actions or behavior are visible to others, emphasizing the idea of being observed or judged. For example: She is shy in public「彼女は人前で恥ずかしがる」(かのじょはひとまえではずかしがる). He doesn't like speaking in public「彼は人前で話すのが苦手だ」(かれはひとまえではなすのがにがてだ). The term can also imply a sense of formality or decorum when in the presence of others.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5243

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '前もって (まえもって)' means 'beforehand' or 'in advance'. It is used to indicate that something is done or prepared ahead of time, often to avoid last-minute issues or to ensure smooth execution. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Please inform me beforehand「前もって教えてください」(まえもっておしえてください). We prepared everything beforehand「私たちは前もってすべて準備しました」(わたしたちはまえもってすべてじゅんびしました). It emphasizes proactive action and planning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5244

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delivery

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出前 (でまえ)' refers to the service of delivering food, typically from a restaurant, to a customer's home or another location. It is commonly used in the context of ordering meals like sushi, ramen, or other dishes. For example: I ordered sushi delivery「寿司の出前を頼んだ」(すしのでまえをたのんだ). The ramen delivery arrived quickly「ラーメンの出前が早く届いた」(ラーメンのでまえがはやくとどいた). This term is widely understood in Japan and is associated with convenience and quick service.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warm

Reading

Kanji

暖Warm

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '暖かい (あたたかい)' means 'warm'. It is used to describe a moderate or comfortable level of heat, often in relation to weather, objects, or feelings. For example: The weather is warm today「今日は暖かい」(きょうはあたたかい). This blanket is warm「この毛布は暖かい」(このもうふはあたたかい). It can also describe a warm-hearted or kind feeling, as in: She has a warm heart「彼女は心が暖かい」(かのじょはこころがあたたかい). The adjective is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe physical warmth or emotional warmth.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5246

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wry smile

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer 笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦笑 (くしょう)' refers to a 'wry smile' or a 'bitter smile'. It is used to describe a smile that expresses mixed feelings, such as embarrassment, resignation, or slight discomfort, often in response to an awkward or unfavorable situation. For example: He gave a wry smile when he realized his mistake「彼は自分の間違いに気づいて苦笑した」(かれはじぶんのまちがいにきづいてくしょうした). She responded with a wry smile to the awkward question「彼女はその気まずい質問に苦笑で答えた」(かのじょはそのきまずいしつもんにくしょうでこたえた). This term is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to convey subtle emotional nuances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mito

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ミト (mito)' refers to a name, typically used as a personal name. It can be a given name or a nickname. For example: Mito is my friend「ミトは私の友達です」(みとはわたしのともだちです). Mito went to the park「ミトは公園に行きました」(みとはこうえんにいきました). This name does not have a specific meaning in Japanese and is often chosen for its sound or personal significance.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

5248

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hurt

Reading

Kanji

傷Wound, Injury 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傷付く (きずつく)' means 'to get hurt' or 'to be injured'. This verb can refer to both physical injuries and emotional pain. It is often used to describe situations where someone's feelings are hurt or when someone sustains a physical wound. For example: She was hurt by his words「彼女は彼の言葉で傷付いた」(かのじょはかれのことばできずついた). The child got hurt while playing「子供は遊んでいて傷付いた」(こどもはあそんでいてきずついた). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when one's pride or reputation is damaged.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5249

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ming Dynasty

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 朝Morning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '明朝 (みょうちょう)' refers to the Ming Dynasty, which ruled China between 1368 and 1644. This word is used when referring to the historical period, its culture, art, or related historical events. Example: The Ming Dynasty was prosperous 「明朝は繁栄していた」 (みょうちょうははんえいしていた). This painting is from the Ming Dynasty 「この絵は明朝のものです」 (このえはみょうちょうのものです). Note that '明朝' can also refer to 'next morning' in some contexts, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to clarify.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Later years

Reading

Kanji

晩Evening, Nightfall 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '晩年 (ばんねん)' refers to the later years of someone's life, often implying the period of old age or the final stage of life. It is commonly used to describe the time when someone is retired or reflecting on their life. For example: He spent his later years in peace「彼は晩年を平和に過ごした」(かれはばんねんをへいわにすごした). The artist created his best works in his later years「その芸術家は晩年に最高の作品を作った」(そのげいじゅつかはばんねんにさいこうのさくひんをつくった). This term carries a nuanced sense of reflection and often implies a period of life marked by wisdom or culmination of experiences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5251

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Night sky

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 空Sky, Empty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜空 (よぞら)' refers to the 'night sky'. It is commonly used to describe the sky as seen at night, often emphasizing its beauty, vastness, or the presence of stars and the moon. For example: The night sky is beautiful「夜空が美しい」(よぞらがうつくしい). I gazed at the night sky「夜空を見つめた」(よぞらをみつめた). This word evokes a poetic or reflective tone and is often used in literature or casual conversation to describe serene or romantic scenes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Off

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オフ (ofu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'off'. It is commonly used in contexts related to turning something off, such as electronics or switches. It can also refer to days off or time off from work. For example: Please turn off the lights「ライトをオフにしてください」(らいとをおふにしてください). I have a day off tomorrow「明日はオフです」(あしたはおふです). The word is often used in casual conversation and is easily understood by Japanese speakers due to its frequent use in daily life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5253

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number, Times

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '回数 (かいすう)' refers to the number of times something occurs or is done. It is often used in contexts where counting occurrences or repetitions is important. For example: I forgot the number of times I visited that place「あの場所を訪れた回数を忘れた」(あのばしょをおとずれたかいすうをわすれた). The number of times you can try is limited「試せる回数は限られている」(ためせるかいすうはかぎられている). Note that '回数' is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as in instructions, statistics, or when discussing frequency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commerce

Reading

Kanji

商Trade, Deal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '商 (しょう)' primarily means 'commerce' or 'trade'. It refers to the activity of buying and selling goods and services, often on a large scale. This term is commonly used in business contexts and can be found in compound words related to commerce, such as '商業 (しょうぎょう)' (commerce/trade) or '商売 (しょうばい)' (business). Example sentences: Commerce is essential for economic growth「商は経済成長に不可欠だ」(しょうはけいざいせいちょうにふかけつだ). He works in the commerce sector「彼は商の分野で働いている」(かれはしょうのぶんやではたらいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5255

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dawn

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜明け (よあけ)' refers to the time of day when the sun begins to rise, marking the transition from night to day. It is often associated with the first light of the morning and the beginning of a new day. This word carries a poetic and serene nuance, often used in literature or to describe peaceful moments. For example: The dawn was beautiful「夜明けが美しかった」(よあけがうつくしかった). We arrived at dawn「夜明けに到着した」(よあけにとうちゃくした). It can also symbolize new beginnings or hope, as in '夜明け前 (よあけまえ) (before dawn)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5256

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moonlit night

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 夜Night

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月夜 (つきよ)' refers to a night illuminated by the moon, often evoking a serene or poetic atmosphere. It is commonly used in literature and everyday conversation to describe the beauty or tranquility of a moonlit night. For example: The moonlit night was beautiful「月夜が美しかった」(つきよがうつくしかった). We walked under the moonlit night「月夜の下を歩いた」(つきよのしたをあるいた). The word carries a romantic or nostalgic nuance, often associated with calmness and natural beauty.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tanabata

Reading

Kanji

七Seven 夕Evening

Explanation

The Japanese noun '七夕 (たなばた)' refers to the Tanabata festival, also known as the Star Festival, celebrated on July 7th. This festival originates from a Chinese legend about two stars, Orihime (Vega) and Hikoboshi (Altair), who are lovers separated by the Milky Way and allowed to meet only once a year on this day. During Tanabata, people write wishes on colorful strips of paper (tanzaku) and hang them on bamboo branches. Example sentences: Let's celebrate Tanabata「七夕を祝いましょう」(たなばたをいわいましょう). I wrote my wish on a tanzaku for Tanabata「七夕に短冊に願いを書きました」(たなばたにたんざくにねがいをかきました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunset

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕日 (ゆうひ)' refers to the 'sunset', specifically the sun as it is setting in the evening. This word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to evoke the beauty of the evening sky. For example: The sunset is beautiful「夕日がきれいだ」(ゆうひがきれいだ). We watched the sunset together「一緒に夕日を見た」(いっしょにゆうひをみた). The word '夕日' is commonly used in literature and everyday conversation to describe the visual phenomenon of the sun descending below the horizon.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5259

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Season

Reading

Kanji

候Climate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '候 (こう)' refers to a 'season' or 'weather condition'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe the current season or atmospheric conditions. For example: the season of cherry blossoms「桜の候」(さくらのこう). This word is also used in traditional Japanese letters to indicate the season, as in '早春の候 (そうしゅんのこう) (early spring season)'. Note that this term is less common in everyday conversation and is typically reserved for written or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Short term

Reading

Kanji

短Short 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '短期 (たんき)' refers to a 'short-term' period or duration. It is commonly used in contexts such as finance, education, and employment to describe something that lasts for a brief period. For example: short-term loan「短期ローン」(たんきローン). He is on a short-term contract「彼は短期契約です」(かれはたんきけいやくです). The word emphasizes brevity and is often contrasted with '長期 (ちょうき)' which means 'long-term'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rush

Reading

Kanji

駆Spur on, Gallop 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '駆け付ける (かけつける)' means 'to rush to a place' or 'to hurry to arrive'. It is often used when someone is in a hurry to reach a specific location, usually in response to an urgent situation or to provide assistance. This verb conveys a sense of urgency and purpose. For example: I rushed to the hospital「病院に駆け付けた」(びょういんにかけつけた). He hurried to the scene of the accident「彼は事故現場に駆け付けた」(かれはじこげんばにかけつけた). The verb is commonly used in situations where time is critical, such as emergencies or important events.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5262

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Melt

Reading

Kanji

溶Melt, Dissolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '溶ける (とける)' means 'to melt'. It is used to describe the process of a solid substance turning into a liquid, often due to heat. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe emotions or tensions dissipating. For example: the ice melted「氷が溶けた」(こおりがとけた). Her anger melted away「彼女の怒りが溶けた」(かのじょのいかりがとけた). Note that '溶ける' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. For the transitive form, meaning 'to melt something', the verb '溶かす (とかす)' is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5263

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drinking water

Reading

Kanji

飲Drink 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '飲み水 (のみみず)' refers specifically to water that is safe and suitable for drinking. It is commonly used in contexts where the distinction between potable and non-potable water is important, such as in survival situations, outdoor activities, or discussions about water quality. Example sentences: We need to find drinking water「飲み水を見つけなければならない」(のみみずをみつけなければならない). This river provides drinking water for the village「この川は村の飲み水を供給している」(このかわはむらののみみずをきょうきゅうしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5264

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heading

Reading

Kanji

見See 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見出し (みだし)' refers to a 'heading' or 'title', typically used in articles, documents, or sections of text to summarize or introduce the content that follows. It is commonly seen in newspapers, books, and websites. For example: The heading of the article is interesting「記事の見出しが面白い」(きじのみだしがおもしろい). Please write a heading for this section「このセクションの見出しを書いてください」(このセクションのみだしをかいてください). The word can also imply a summary or a key point that captures the essence of the content.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5265

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example, Sample

Reading

Kanji

見See 本Book, Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見本 (みほん)' can mean either 'sample' or 'example', depending on the context. When used to mean 'sample', it refers to a physical or tangible item that represents a larger group or product, such as a product sample or a test piece. For example: please take a look at this sample「この見本を見てください」(このみほんをみてください). When used to mean 'example', it refers to a model or instance that demonstrates a concept or idea. For example: this is a good example of teamwork「これはチームワークの良い見本です」(これはチームワークのよいみほんですです). The word is commonly used in both commercial and educational settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'わー (わー)' is an exclamation used to express surprise, amazement, or excitement. It is often used in casual conversations and can be written in hiragana as 'わー' or with an elongated vowel as 'わあ'. This interjection is similar to the English 'wow' or 'whoa'. For example: Wow, that's amazing!「わー、すごい！」(わー、すごい！). Whoa, look at that!「わー、見て！」(わー、みて！). The tone and context in which 'わー' is used can convey different levels of surprise or enthusiasm.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

5267

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settlement, Closing

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '決算 (けっさん)' refers to the process of settling accounts or financial statements, often at the end of a fiscal period. It is commonly used in business and finance contexts to describe the finalization of financial records, such as profit and loss statements or balance sheets. For example: The company is preparing for the settlement「会社は決算の準備をしている」(かいしゃはけっさんのじゅんびをしている). The fiscal year closing is next week「決算は来週です」(けっさんはらいしゅうです). Note that '決算' can also refer to the act of closing or finalizing something, not just financial accounts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5268

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insertion

Reading

Kanji

挿Insert 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '挿入 (そうにゅう)' means 'insertion'. It refers to the act of inserting something into a specific place or position. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as inserting objects, data, or even scenes in media. For example: the insertion of a key into a lock「鍵の挿入」(かぎのそうにゅう). The insertion of a scene in a movie「映画のシーンの挿入」(えいがのシーンのそうにゅう). It can also be used in medical contexts, such as the insertion of a catheter「カテーテルの挿入」(カテーテルのそうにゅう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5269

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

View

Reading

Kanji

見See 晴Clear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見晴らし (みはらし)' refers to a view or vista, particularly one that is scenic or panoramic. It is often used to describe a wide, unobstructed view of a landscape, such as from a hilltop or observation deck. This word conveys a sense of openness and expansiveness. For example: The view from the mountain was breathtaking「山からの見晴らしは素晴らしかった」(やまからのみはらしはすばらしかった). Let's go to the observation deck for a better view「見晴らしの良い展望台に行きましょう」(みはらしのよいてんぼうだいにいきましょう). The word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, travel, and sightseeing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5270

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moon viewing

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月見 (つきみ)' refers to the traditional custom of viewing the moon, often during the autumn moon-viewing festival known as 'Tsukimi'. This practice involves appreciating the beauty of the full moon, typically while enjoying seasonal foods like rice dumplings (月見団子, つきみだんご) and sake. Example sentences: Let's do moon viewing tonight「今夜は月見をしよう」(こんやはつきみをしよう). During Tsukimi, we eat rice dumplings「月見の時、団子を食べます」(つきみのとき、だんごをたべます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distraction

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'よそ見 (よそみ)' refers to the act of looking away or being distracted, often when one should be paying attention. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is not focusing on what they are supposed to be doing, such as in a classroom or while driving. For example: Don't get distracted while driving「運転中によそ見をしないで」(うんてんちゅうによそみをしないで). She was looking away during the lecture「彼女は講義中によそ見をしていた」(かのじょはこうぎちゅうによそみをしていた). The term can also imply a lack of focus or attention in general, not just visually.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5272

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hard

Reading

Kanji

堅Firm, Solid

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '堅い (かたい)' primarily means 'hard' in the sense of being firm or solid. It is used to describe objects that are physically hard, such as wood or metal. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is strict, rigid, or inflexible, such as rules or attitudes. For example: this bread is hard「このパンは堅い」(このパンはかたい). His attitude is rigid「彼の態度は堅い」(かれのたいどはかたい). Additionally, '堅い' can imply reliability or trustworthiness, as in a person who is dependable. For example: he is a reliable person「彼は堅い人だ」(かれはかたいひとだ).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5273

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Milk

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ミルク (miruku)' means 'milk'. It is a loanword derived from the English word 'milk' and is commonly used in everyday conversation. This term is often used to refer to cow's milk, but it can also refer to other types of milk, such as plant-based milk. For example: I drink milk every morning「毎朝ミルクを飲みます」(まいあさミルクをのみます). This coffee has milk in it「このコーヒーにはミルクが入っています」(このコーヒーにはミルクがはいっています). The word 'ミルク' is widely understood and used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5274

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Kanji

誤Mistake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '誤る (あやまる)' means 'to make a mistake' or 'to err'. It is used when someone commits an error or does something incorrectly. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as making a wrong decision, misunderstanding something, or failing in an attempt. For example: I made a mistake in my calculations「計算を誤った」(けいさんをあやまった). He erred in his judgment「彼は判断を誤った」(かれははんだんをあやまった). Note that '誤る' is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it implies a sense of responsibility for the mistake.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5275

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治まる (おさまる)' means 'to settle' or 'to calm down'. It is often used to describe situations where something chaotic or unstable becomes calm or orderly. This can refer to physical disturbances, emotional states, or societal conditions. For example: The storm has settled「嵐が治まった」(あらしがおさまった). His anger finally settled「彼の怒りはついに治まった」(かれのいかりはついにおさまった). The conflict in the region has settled「その地域の紛争は治まった」(そのちいきのふんそうはおさまった). The verb can also imply a return to a normal or peaceful state after a period of unrest.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5276

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle, Tidy

Reading

Kanji

片Fragment, One sided 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '片付ける (かたづける)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to tidy' or 'to put things in order,' often used in the context of cleaning or organizing a space. For example: I will tidy my room「部屋を片付けます」(へやをかたづけます). The second meaning is 'to settle' or 'to resolve,' often used in the context of dealing with tasks, problems, or obligations. For example: I need to settle this matter「この問題を片付けなければならない」(このもんだいをかたづけなければならない). The verb is versatile and commonly used in daily life, emphasizing the completion or organization of something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5277

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guess

Reading

Kanji

察Guess

Explanation

The Japanese verb '察する (さっする)' means 'to guess' or 'to infer'. It is often used when someone deduces or understands something based on subtle hints, context, or intuition, rather than explicit information. This verb is commonly used in situations where empathy or understanding of another person's feelings or thoughts is involved. For example: I guessed his feelings「彼の気持ちを察した」(かれのきもちをさっした). She inferred the situation from his expression「彼の表情から状況を察した」(かれのひょうじょうからじょうきょうをさっした). The verb carries a nuance of sensitivity and insight, making it a key term in contexts involving emotional intelligence or subtle communication.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5278

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見かけ (みかけ)' refers to the outward appearance or look of something or someone. It is often used to describe how things or people seem at first glance, without deeper knowledge or understanding. For example: don't judge by appearance「見かけで判断しないで」(みかけではんだんしないで). Her appearance is deceiving「彼女の見かけは当てにならない」(かのじょのみかけはあてにならない). This word can also imply that the appearance might not reflect the true nature or quality of something, as in '見かけは良いけど、中身は違う (みかけはいいけど、なかみはちがう) (It looks good, but the inside is different).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5279

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reading

Reading

Kanji

読Read 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '読書 (どくしょ)' refers to the act of reading books. It is commonly used to describe the activity of reading for pleasure, study, or personal growth. This term emphasizes the process of engaging with written material, often implying a more serious or dedicated approach to reading. For example: I enjoy reading「私は読書が好きです」(わたしはどくしょがすきです). Reading is important for learning「読書は学ぶために重要です」(どくしょはまなぶためにじゅうようです). The term can also be used in contexts like '読書会 (どくしょかい)', which means a book club or reading group.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Giant

Reading

Kanji

巨Huge, Giant 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '巨人 (きょじん)' means 'giant'. It refers to a being or creature of enormous size, often found in myths, legends, or fantasy stories. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone of great importance or influence. For example: the giant in the story was very strong「物語の巨人はとても強かった」(ものがたりのきょじんはとてもつよかった). That company is a giant in the industry「あの会社は業界の巨人だ」(あのかいしゃはぎょうかいのきょじんだ). The word can also refer to the Yomiuri Giants, a famous Japanese baseball team.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5281

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Field of view

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 野Field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視野 (しや)' means 'field of view'. It refers to the area that is visible to the eye or can be seen from a particular point. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to the scope or range of one's understanding, awareness, or consideration. Example: He has a broad field of view 「彼は視野が広い」 (かれはしやがひろい). We need to expand our field of view 「私たちは視野を広げる必要がある」 (わたしたちはしやをひろげるひつようがある). This word is often used in discussions about vision, perspective, or strategic thinking.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relatives

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 族Family

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親族 (しんぞく)' refers to one's relatives or kin. It encompasses family members connected by blood, marriage, or adoption. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as when discussing family relationships or inheritance. For example: I have many relatives「私には親族が多い」(わたしにはしんぞくがおおい). He is my closest relative「彼は私の最も近い親族です」(かれはわたしのいちばんちかいしんぞくです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '親族会議 (しんぞくかいぎ)' (family council).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Initiative, Effort

Reading

Kanji

取Take 組Association, Group

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り組み (とりくみ)' refers to efforts or initiatives taken to address a specific task, problem, or goal. It often implies a proactive and organized approach to tackling challenges. For example: The company's efforts to reduce waste are impressive「会社の廃棄物削減への取り組みは素晴らしい」(かいしゃのはいきぶつさくげんへのとりくみはすばらしい). The government's initiative to improve education is ongoing「政府の教育改善への取り組みは進行中です」(せいふのきょういくかいぜんへのとりくみはしんこうちゅうです). This word is commonly used in professional, organizational, or societal contexts to describe structured actions or projects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5284

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Millimeter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'ミリメートル (mirimeetoru)' is a unit of measurement meaning 'millimeter'. It is used to measure small lengths or distances, equivalent to one-thousandth of a meter. This term is commonly used in scientific, engineering, and everyday contexts. For example: the thickness is 5 millimeters「厚さは5ミリメートルです」(あつさはごミリメートルです). The gap is only 2 millimeters「隙間はたった2ミリメートルです」(すきまはたったにミリメートルです). Note that 'ミリメートル' is often abbreviated as 'mm' in written form, similar to English.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

5285

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reading and writing

Reading

Kanji

読Read 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '読み書き (よみかき)' refers to the combined skills of reading and writing. It is often used to describe literacy or the ability to read and write in a language. This term is commonly used in educational contexts or when discussing language proficiency. For example: He is good at reading and writing「彼は読み書きが得意です」(かれはよみかきがとくいです). Learning reading and writing is important「読み書きを学ぶことは大切です」(よみかきをまなぶことはたいせつです). The term emphasizes the dual skills of reading and writing as fundamental components of literacy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5286

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remarkable

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '目覚ましい (めざましい)' means 'remarkable' or 'striking'. It is used to describe something that is notably impressive, outstanding, or rapid in progress. This word often conveys a sense of awe or admiration for the extent or speed of development or achievement. For example: The progress of technology is remarkable「技術の進歩は目覚ましい」(ぎじゅつのしんぽはめざましい). Her growth as an artist is striking「彼女の芸術家としての成長は目覚ましい」(かのじょのげいじゅつかとしてのせいちょうはめざましい). This adjective is typically used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize the extraordinary nature of something.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5287

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recognition

Reading

Kanji

見See 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見覚え (みおぼえ)' refers to the sense of recognition or familiarity one feels upon seeing something or someone. It is often used when you feel like you have seen something before but may not remember the exact details. For example: I have a sense of recognition about this place「この場所に見覚えがある」(このばしょにみおぼえがある). She looks familiar, but I can't recall where I saw her「彼女に見覚えがあるけど、どこで会ったか思い出せない」(かのじょにみおぼえがあるけど、どこであったかおもいだせない). This word is commonly used in situations where you are trying to recall a memory or identify something based on visual familiarity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5288

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alarm

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目覚まし (めざまし)' refers to an alarm, typically used to wake someone up. It is often associated with alarm clocks or devices that produce a sound to rouse a person from sleep. For example: I set the alarm for 7 AM「目覚ましを7時にセットした」(めざましをしちじにセットした). The alarm didn't go off this morning「今朝、目覚ましが鳴らなかった」(けさ、めざましがならなかった). The word can also be used in compounds like '目覚まし時計 (めざましどけい)', which specifically means 'alarm clock'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5289

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Closing

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '閉会 (へいかい)' refers to the act of closing or concluding an event, meeting, or ceremony. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as conferences, assemblies, or official gatherings. For example: The chairman announced the closing of the meeting「議長が閉会を宣言した」(ぎちょうがへいかいをせんげんした). The conference will close at 5 PM「会議は午後5時に閉会します」(かいぎはごご5じにへいかいします). Note that '閉会' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the action of closing, as in '閉会する' (to close).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Friendly

Reading

Kanji

仲Relationship 良Good

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '仲良く (なかよく)' means 'friendly' or 'on good terms'. It is used to describe a harmonious or amicable relationship between people. This word often implies mutual understanding and cooperation. For example: Let's get along well「仲良くしましょう」(なかよくしましょう). They are living together in harmony「彼らは仲良く暮らしています」(かれらはなかよくくらしています). It can also be used to describe how people interact, such as playing together nicely or working together without conflict.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5291

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Kanji

軍Army 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '軍人 (ぐんじん)' refers to a 'soldier' or 'military personnel'. This term is used to describe individuals who are members of the armed forces, including those in the army, navy, or air force. It is a formal term and can be used in various contexts, such as discussing military history, current events, or personal stories. For example: He is a soldier「彼は軍人です」(かれはぐんじんです). Many soldiers were present at the ceremony「多くの軍人が式典に出席しました」(おおくのぐんじんがしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to anyone who serves in a military capacity, regardless of rank or branch.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settlement

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '決済 (けっさい)' refers to the act of settling or finalizing a financial transaction. It is commonly used in contexts involving payments, transactions, or clearing debts. For example: The payment was settled「決済が完了しました」(けっさいがかんりょうしました). We need to settle the bill「請求書を決済する必要があります」(せいきゅうしょをけっさいするひつようがあります). This term is often used in business, banking, and e-commerce contexts to indicate the completion of a financial obligation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corner

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コーナー (kounaa)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'corner'. It is commonly used to refer to a corner in a physical space, such as a room or a street. It can also be used in various contexts, such as in sports (e.g., a corner kick in soccer) or in stores (e.g., a product corner). For example: The store has a special corner for sweets「その店にはお菓子の特別なコーナーがある」(そのみせにはおかしのとくべつなコーナーがある). Turn left at the next corner「次のコーナーを左に曲がってください」(つぎのコーナーをひだりにまがってください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5294

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attempt

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '試み (こころみ)' means 'attempt' or 'effort'. It refers to an act of trying to achieve something, often implying a trial or experiment. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone is trying something new or testing a method. For example: His attempt to climb the mountain was successful「彼の山登りの試みは成功した」(かれのやまのぼりのこころみはせいこうした). This is an attempt to solve the problem「これは問題を解決する試みです」(これはもんだいをかいけつするこころみです). The word can also carry a nuance of experimentation or a preliminary effort, as in 'a trial attempt'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5295

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disk

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ディスク (disuku)' refers to a 'disk', typically used to describe a flat, circular object. This term is commonly used in contexts related to technology, such as computer disks, CDs, DVDs, or hard disks. It can also refer to physical objects like frisbees or other disk-shaped items. For example: Please insert the disk「ディスクを入れてください」(でぃすくをいれてください). I bought a new hard disk「新しいハードディスクを買いました」(あたらしいはーどでぃすくをかいました). The word is borrowed from English and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5296

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disposal

Reading

Kanji

廃Waste, Abolish 棄Abandon, Renounce

Explanation

The Japanese noun '廃棄 (はいき)' means 'disposal'. It refers to the act of getting rid of something, often waste or unwanted items, in a systematic or regulated manner. This term is commonly used in contexts related to waste management, recycling, or discarding obsolete items. For example: The disposal of industrial waste is strictly regulated「産業廃棄物の廃棄は厳しく規制されている」(さんぎょうはいきぶつのはいきはきびしくきせいされている). We need to dispose of old documents「古い書類を廃棄する必要がある」(ふるいしょるいをはいきするひつようがある). The word can also imply a sense of finality or irreversibility in the act of discarding.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bell

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ベル (beru)' means 'bell'. This word is often used to refer to a device that makes a ringing sound, such as a doorbell or a school bell. It can also refer to the sound itself. For example: the bell is ringing「ベルが鳴っている」(べるがなっている). Please press the bell「ベルを押してください」(べるをおしてください). The word 'ベル' is a loanword from the English 'bell', and is commonly used in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5298

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Storage

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 管Pipe

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保管 (ほかん)' means 'storage'. It refers to the act of keeping or storing something in a safe place for future use. This term is commonly used in contexts related to safekeeping, warehousing, or archiving items. For example: Please keep this document in storage「この書類を保管してください」(このしょるいをほかんしてください). The museum is responsible for the storage of ancient artifacts「博物館は古代の遺物の保管を担当しています」(はくぶつかんはこだいのいぶつのほかんをたんとうしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5299

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Milli

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'ミリ (miri)' is derived from the metric prefix 'milli-', representing one-thousandth (1/1000) of a unit. It is commonly used in scientific, technical, and everyday contexts to denote measurements. For example: 1 millimeter「1ミリメートル」(いちミリメートル). 500 milligrams「500ミリグラム」(ごひゃくミリグラム). This suffix is often attached to units like meters (メートル), liters (リットル), or grams (グラム) to indicate smaller quantities. It is important to note that 'ミリ' is always written in katakana, as it is a borrowed term from the metric system.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

5300

Composition

katakana

Handwriting