Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Battery

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 池Pond

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電池 (でんち)' means 'battery'. It refers to a device that stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy, commonly used to power electronic devices. This word is widely used in everyday contexts, such as discussing household items or electronics. For example: The battery is dead「電池が切れた」(でんちがきれた). I need to buy a new battery「新しい電池を買う必要がある」(あたらしいでんちをかうひつようがある). The word can also appear in compound terms, such as '乾電池 (かんでんち)' (dry cell battery) or '充電池 (じゅうでんち)' (rechargeable battery).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6601

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Variable

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '変数 (へんすう)' means 'variable'. This term is primarily used in mathematics, programming, and scientific contexts to refer to a quantity or value that can change or vary. For example: In programming, variables store data「プログラミングでは、変数がデータを保存する」(ぷろぐらみんぐでは、へんすうがでーたをほぞんする). The value of the variable changes「変数の値が変わる」(へんすうのあたいがかわる). It is important to note that this word is technical and is not commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6602

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private

Reading

Kanji

民People, Nation 営Manage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民営 (みんえい)' refers to something being privately operated or managed, as opposed to being run by the government. It is often used in contexts related to businesses, services, or facilities that are privately owned and operated. For example: This hospital is privately run「この病院は民営です」(このびょういんはみんえいです). The railway is privately managed「その鉄道は民営です」(そのてつどうはみんえいです). The term emphasizes the distinction between private and public sectors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6603

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Archipelago

Reading

Kanji

列File 島Island

Explanation

The Japanese noun '列島 (れっとう)' refers to an 'archipelago', which is a chain or cluster of islands. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe a group of islands that are closely scattered in a body of water. For example: Japan is an archipelago「日本は列島です」(にほんはれっとうです). The Ryukyu Islands form an archipelago「琉球諸島は列島を形成しています」(りゅうきゅうしょとうはれっとうをけいせいしています). The word emphasizes the interconnectedness of the islands within a specific geographical area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6604

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ronin, Masterless

Reading

Kanji

浪Wander, Billow 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浪人 (ろうにん)' primarily refers to a 'ronin', which historically denotes a samurai without a master or lord during the feudal period in Japan. This term is also used metaphorically in modern contexts to describe someone who is unemployed or has not yet entered a university after failing entrance exams. For example: He became a ronin after his master died「彼は主人が亡くなった後、浪人になった」(かれはしゅじんがなくなったあと、ろうにんになった). Many students become ronin after failing their exams「多くの学生が試験に失敗した後、浪人になる」(おおくのがくせいがしけんにしっぱいしたあと、ろうにんになる). The term carries a connotation of being in a transitional or uncertain state, often with a sense of striving for a new beginning or goal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6605

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Minutes

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '分間 (ぶんかん)' is used to indicate a duration of time in minutes. It is attached to a number to specify how many minutes something lasts or takes. For example: 10 minutes「10分間」(じゅっぷんかん). I waited for 30 minutes「30分間待った」(さんじゅっぷんかんまった). This suffix is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about time durations, such as in schedules, cooking times, or waiting periods.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6606

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harmless

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無害 (むがい)' means 'harmless'. It is used to describe something that does not cause harm or damage. This term can be applied to substances, actions, or even people. For example: This chemical is harmless「この化学物質は無害です」(このかがくぶっしつはむがいです). The joke was harmless「その冗談は無害だった」(そのじょうだんはむがいだった). It is often used in contexts where safety or lack of negative impact is emphasized, such as in environmental discussions or product descriptions.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6607

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Destruction

Reading

Kanji

破Break, Tear 壊Demolition, Break down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '破壊 (はかい)' means 'destruction'. It refers to the act of destroying or causing severe damage to something, whether physical objects, structures, or abstract concepts like relationships or systems. It is often used in contexts involving force, violence, or significant change. For example: The earthquake caused massive destruction「地震が大規模な破壊を引き起こした」(じしんがだいきぼなはかいをひきおこした). The company's reputation was destroyed「会社の評判は破壊された」(かいしゃのひょうばんははかいされた). Note that '破壊' can also be used metaphorically, such as in '破壊的なアイデア (はかいてきなアイデア)' (destructive idea), where it implies challenging or dismantling existing norms.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6608

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flashy

Reading

Kanji

派Sect, Faction 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '派手 (はで)' means 'flashy' or 'showy'. It is used to describe something that is visually striking, often in a bold or extravagant way. This can refer to clothing, decorations, behavior, or even events. For example: Her dress is very flashy「彼女のドレスはとても派手だ」(かのじょのドレスはとてもはでだ). The party decorations were too showy「パーティーの飾り付けが派手すぎた」(パーティーのかざりつけがはですぎた). The word can carry both positive and negative connotations depending on the context, sometimes implying a lack of subtlety or refinement.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6609

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Police box

Reading

Kanji

派Sect, Faction 出Exit 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '派出所 (はしゅつじょ)' refers to a small local police station or police box, commonly found in neighborhoods across Japan. These are used for community policing, providing assistance, and handling minor incidents. They are often staffed by one or a few officers and serve as a point of contact for residents. Example sentences: There is a police box near the station「駅の近くに派出所があります」(えきのちかくにはしゅつじょがあります). I asked for directions at the police box「派出所で道を聞きました」(はしゅつじょでみちをききました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6610

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Episode

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'エピソード (episoudo)' means 'episode'. This word is used to refer to a specific event or incident, often within a larger story or series. It can be used in various contexts, such as television shows, books, or personal anecdotes. For example: that episode was very interesting「そのエピソードはとても面白かった」(そのエピソードはとてもおもしろかった). I have an interesting episode to share「面白いエピソードがあります」(おもしろいエピソードがあります). The word is borrowed from English and retains a similar meaning, often used in media and storytelling contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6611

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gap

Reading

Kanji

格Status 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '格差 (かくさ)' refers to a 'gap' or 'disparity', often used in the context of social, economic, or educational differences. It highlights the inequality or difference in status, income, or opportunities between groups or individuals. For example: the income gap is widening「所得格差が広がっている」(しょとくかくさがひろがっている). There is a significant gap in educational opportunities「教育機会の格差が大きい」(きょういくきかいのかくさがおおきい). This term is frequently used in discussions about social issues, policy-making, and economic analysis.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6612

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Study

Reading

Kanji

書Write 房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書房 (しょぼう)' refers to a study or a room where one reads, writes, or engages in scholarly activities. It is often associated with a private space for intellectual work, such as a home office or a personal library. For example: He spends hours in his study「彼は書房で何時間も過ごす」(かれはしょぼうでなんじかんもすごす). The study is filled with books「書房には本がたくさんある」(しょぼうにはほんがたくさんある). This term is somewhat formal and is less commonly used in everyday conversation, often replaced by more modern terms like '書斎 (しょさい)' or 'スタディルーム'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6613

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warehouse

Reading

Kanji

倉Warehouse 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '倉庫 (そうこ)' refers to a 'warehouse', a large building used for storing goods. It is commonly used in contexts related to logistics, storage, and business. For example: The warehouse is full「倉庫がいっぱいです」(そうこがいっぱいです). They built a new warehouse「新しい倉庫を建てました」(あたらしいそうこをたてました). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a place where something is stored in large quantities, such as a 'warehouse of knowledge'「知識の倉庫」(ちしきのそうこ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clarification

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判明 (はんめい)' refers to the act of something becoming clear or being clarified. It is often used in contexts where details, facts, or truths are revealed or discovered. For example: The cause of the accident was clarified「事故の原因が判明した」(じこのげんいんがはんめいした). The truth about the incident became clear「事件の真相が判明した」(じけんのしんそうがはんめいした). This term is commonly used in formal or investigative contexts, emphasizing the process of uncovering information.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6615

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Set, Initiate

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '仕掛ける (しかける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to set' or 'to prepare something in advance', often referring to traps, devices, or mechanisms. For example: he set a trap「彼は罠を仕掛けた」(かれはわなをしかけた). The second meaning is 'to initiate' or 'to start something', such as a conversation or an action. For example: she initiated a conversation「彼女は会話を仕掛けた」(かのじょはかいわをしかけた). The verb can also imply a sense of strategy or planning, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative situations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6616

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soak

Reading

Kanji

浸Soak, Immersed

Explanation

The Japanese verb '浸かる (つかる)' means 'to soak' or 'to be immersed'. It is commonly used to describe the action of soaking in a liquid, such as water, often for relaxation or cleaning purposes. For example: I soaked in the hot spring「温泉に浸かった」(おんせんにつかった). The laundry is soaking in the water「洗濯物が水に浸かっている」(せんたくものがみずにつかっている). This verb can also imply being deeply involved or absorbed in something, such as a state of mind or an activity, though this usage is less common. For example: He is immersed in his work「彼は仕事に浸かっている」(かれはしごとにつかっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6617

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Turn back

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き返す (ひきかえす)' means 'to turn back' or 'to return'. It is used when someone or something reverses direction and goes back to a previous location or state. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physical movement, decisions, or actions. For example: He turned back halfway through the journey「彼は途中で引き返した」(かれはとちゅうでひきかえした). Due to the bad weather, we had to turn back「悪天候のため、引き返さなければならなかった」(あくてんこうのため、ひきかえさなければならなかった). The verb often implies a deliberate decision to go back, rather than simply returning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6618

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lie

Reading

Kanji

横Sideways

Explanation

The Japanese verb '横たわる (よこたわる)' means 'to lie down' or 'to be lying down'. It is often used to describe a person or object lying horizontally, either on a surface or in a specific position. This verb can also imply a sense of stillness or permanence, such as when describing a body lying in repose. For example: The man lies on the grass「男は草の上に横たわる」(おとこはくさのうえによこたわる). The book lies on the table「本がテーブルの上に横たわっている」(ほんがテーブルのうえによこたわっている). Note that this verb is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to '寝る (ねる)' or '横になる (よこになる)', which are more casual ways to express lying down.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6619

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dispatch, Temporary

Reading

Kanji

派Sect, Faction 遣Use, Dispatch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '派遣 (はけん)' primarily means 'dispatch' or 'temporary'. It is commonly used in the context of employment, referring to the practice of sending workers to different companies on a temporary basis. For example: The company dispatched temporary staff「会社は派遣社員を送り出した」(かいしゃははけんしゃいんをおくりだした). She works as a temporary employee「彼女は派遣社員として働いている」(かのじょははけんしゃいんとしてはたらいている). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the act of sending someone or something to a particular place or for a particular purpose, such as dispatching a team for a mission「チームを派遣する」(チームをはけんする).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6620

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Catch, Arrest

Reading

Kanji

捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捕まる (つかまる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch' or 'to be caught', often referring to physically grabbing or holding onto something. For example: I caught the ball「ボールを捕まった」(ぼーるをつかまった). The second meaning is 'to be arrested' or 'to get caught' in the context of law enforcement. For example: The thief was arrested「泥棒が捕まった」(どろぼうがつかまった). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6621

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Catch

Reading

Kanji

捕Catch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '捕まえる (つかまえる)' means 'to catch'. This verb is used when physically capturing or grabbing something or someone, such as catching a ball, a fish, or even a criminal. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to grasp' or 'to seize' an opportunity. For example: I caught a butterfly「蝶を捕まえた」(ちょうをつかまえた). The police caught the thief「警察は泥棒を捕まえた」(けいさつはどろぼうをつかまえた). Note that this verb often implies a sense of effort or struggle in the act of catching.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6622

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quickly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さっさと (さっさと)' means 'quickly' or 'promptly'. It is used to describe actions that are done without delay or hesitation, often implying efficiency or a sense of urgency. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to encourage someone to hurry up or to describe someone who is acting swiftly. For example: He quickly finished his homework「彼はさっさと宿題を終わらせた」(かれはさっさとしゅくだいをおわらせた). Let's quickly clean up the room「さっさと部屋を片付けよう」(さっさとへやをかたづけよう). The nuance of 'さっさと' often carries a tone of decisiveness and can sometimes imply a lack of dawdling or unnecessary delay.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6623

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Atomic bomb

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 爆Burst, Explode

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原爆 (げんばく)' refers to an 'atomic bomb'. This term is historically significant, particularly in the context of World War II, when atomic bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. The word is often used in discussions about history, war, and peace. For example: The atomic bomb caused immense destruction「原爆は甚大な被害をもたらした」(げんばくはじんだいなひがいをもたらした). We must never forget the tragedy of the atomic bomb「原爆の悲劇を忘れてはならない」(げんばくのひげきをわすれてはならない). The term carries a heavy emotional weight and is often associated with themes of suffering and the importance of peace.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6624

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surname

Reading

Kanji

姓Surname, Family name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姓 (せい)' refers to a person's surname or family name. It is used in formal contexts, such as legal documents, official records, or when addressing someone respectfully. For example: What is your surname?「あなたの姓は何ですか？」(あなたのせいなんですか). His surname is Tanaka「彼の姓は田中です」(かれのせいはたなかです). The word '姓' is often paired with '名 (めい)', which means 'given name', to refer to a person's full name, as in '姓名 (せいめい)'. This term is more formal than the casual word for surname, '名字 (みょうじ)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6625

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perception

Reading

Kanji

知Know 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知覚 (ちかく)' refers to 'perception', the process of recognizing and interpreting sensory information. It is often used in contexts related to psychology, philosophy, or everyday experiences involving the senses. For example: His perception of colors is unique「彼の色の知覚は独特だ」(かれのいろのちかくはどくとくだ). The study focuses on visual perception「その研究は視覚の知覚に焦点を当てている」(そのけんきゅうはしかくのちかくにしょうてんをあてている). This word can also imply awareness or consciousness in certain contexts, such as in '知覚の欠如 (ちかくのけつじょ) (lack of perception)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6626

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Job change

Reading

Kanji

転Revolve 職Employment

Explanation

The Japanese noun '転職 (てんしょく)' refers to the act of changing one's job or career. It is commonly used when someone leaves their current job to start a new one, often in a different company or field. This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I am thinking about changing jobs「転職を考えています」(てんしょくをかんがえています). He successfully changed jobs last year「彼は去年転職に成功しました」(かれはきょねんてんしょくにせいこうしました). The word is often associated with career development or seeking better opportunities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6627

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vinyl

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビニール (biniiru)' refers to 'vinyl', a type of plastic material. It is commonly used in everyday contexts to describe items made from this material, such as vinyl bags, sheets, or covers. For example: Please put it in a vinyl bag「ビニール袋に入れてください」(びにーるぶくろにいれてください). The table is covered with a vinyl sheet「テーブルはビニールシートで覆われている」(てーぶるはびにーるしーとでおおわれている). The term is widely understood in Japan and is often associated with disposable or protective materials.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6628

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Belt

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ベルト (べると)' means 'belt'. It refers to a strip of leather, fabric, or other material worn around the waist to support clothing or for decoration. It can also refer to belts used in machinery or conveyor belts. For example: I bought a new belt「新しいベルトを買いました」(あたらしいべるとをかいました). The conveyor belt is moving slowly「コンベアベルトがゆっくり動いています」(こんべあべるとがゆっくりうごいています). The word is a loanword from English, and its usage is straightforward, often referring to both fashion and functional belts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6629

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Survey, Overlook

Reading

Kanji

見See 渡Cross, Transit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見渡す (みわたす)' means 'to overlook' or 'to survey'. It is used to describe the action of looking over a wide area or taking in a broad view of something. This verb often implies a sense of observing something comprehensively or from a vantage point. For example: From the hill, I overlooked the entire town「丘から町全体を見渡した」(おかからまちぜんたいをみわたした). She surveyed the room before entering「彼女は部屋を見渡してから入った」(かのじょはへやをみわたしてからはいった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe understanding or grasping a situation broadly, as in 'He surveyed the situation calmly'「彼は状況を冷静に見渡した」(かれはじょうきょうをれいせいにみわたした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6630

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indicate, Tell

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese verb '物語る (ものがたる)' primarily means 'to tell' or 'to narrate', often referring to recounting a story or history. It can also mean 'to indicate' or 'to show', suggesting that something reveals or implies a deeper meaning or truth. For example: The ruins tell the story of an ancient civilization「遺跡は古代文明の物語を物語っている」(いせきはこだいぶんめいのものがたりをものがたっている). His actions indicate his true intentions「彼の行動は彼の本当の意図を物語っている」(かれのこうどうはかれのほんとうのいとをものがたっている). This verb is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe how something conveys a narrative or reveals underlying truths.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6631

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Release

Reading

Kanji

逃Escape

Explanation

The Japanese verb '逃がす (にがす)' primarily means 'to release' or 'to let go'. It is often used when someone intentionally allows something or someone to escape or be freed. For example: I released the bird「鳥を逃がした」(とりをにがした). He let the fish go「彼は魚を逃がした」(かれはさかなをにがした). This verb can also imply a missed opportunity, such as letting a chance slip away. For example: I let the opportunity slip「チャンスを逃がした」(チャンスをにがした). The nuance here is that the action is deliberate, and the subject is allowing something to escape or be lost.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6632

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'やっつける (やっつける)' primarily means 'to defeat' or 'to beat someone/something decisively'. It is often used in contexts involving competition, conflict, or overcoming challenges. This verb carries a nuance of decisiveness and finality, implying that the action is done thoroughly or completely. For example: I defeated the opponent「相手をやっつけた」(あいてをやっつけた). He finished the task quickly「彼は仕事をやっつけた」(かれはしごとをやっつけた). Note that 'やっつける' can also imply a sense of roughness or forcefulness in the action, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6633

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Kanji

逃Escape 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '逃げ道 (にげみち)' literally means 'escape route' or 'way out'. It refers to a path or method that allows someone to escape from a difficult or dangerous situation. This word can be used both literally, such as finding a physical escape route, and figuratively, such as finding a way to avoid responsibility or a tricky situation. For example: He always looks for an escape「彼はいつも逃げ道を探す」(かれはいつもにげみちをさがす). There is no escape from this situation「この状況から逃げ道はない」(このじょうきょうからにげみちはない). The word carries a nuance of seeking a solution or exit, often under pressure.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6634

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Challenge

Reading

Kanji

挑Challenge 戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '挑戦 (ちょうせん)' means 'challenge'. It refers to the act of taking on a difficult task, problem, or opponent, often with the intention of overcoming it. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, personal goals, or professional endeavors. For example: He accepted the challenge「彼は挑戦を受け入れた」(かれはちょうせんをうけいれた). I want to challenge myself「自分自身に挑戦したい」(じぶんじしんにちょうせんしたい). The nuance of '挑戦' often implies courage and determination to face something difficult or new.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6635

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Kanji

敗Defeat 戦Fight, War

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '敗戦 (はいせん)' means 'defeat' or 'losing a war'. It is commonly used to refer to a military defeat, particularly in the context of wars or battles. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant loss in other areas, such as sports or competitions. For example: Japan experienced defeat in World War II「日本は第二次世界大戦で敗戦を経験した」(にほんはだいにじせかいたいせんではいせんをけいけんした). The team suffered a crushing defeat「チームは惨敗を喫した」(チームはざんぱいをきっした). Note that '敗戦' carries a formal tone and is often used in historical or serious contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6636

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

X ray

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レントゲン (れんとげん)' refers to an 'X-ray'. This term is derived from the name of Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, the German physicist who discovered X-rays. In Japanese, it is commonly used in medical contexts to refer to the imaging technique or the image produced by it. For example: I had an X-ray taken「レントゲンを撮りました」(れんとげんをとりました). The doctor looked at the X-ray「医者はレントゲンを見ました」(いしゃはれんとげんをみました). This term is widely understood in Japan and is used in both formal and informal settings related to medical examinations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6637

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Kanji

混Mix

Explanation

The Japanese verb '混ざる (まざる)' means 'to mix' or 'to be mixed'. It is used when two or more substances, elements, or things are combined or blended together. This verb often implies that the mixing happens naturally or unintentionally. For example: oil and water do not mix「油と水は混ざらない」(あぶらとみずはまざらない). Different colors mixed together「いろんな色が混ざった」(いろんないろがまざった). It can also be used metaphorically, such as when different ideas or cultures blend together. Note that '混ざる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object; the subject itself is what gets mixed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6638

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Superficial, Sudden

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'にわか (niwaka)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'sudden', referring to something that happens quickly and unexpectedly. For example: a sudden rain「にわかの雨」(にわかのあめ). The second meaning is 'superficial', often used to describe someone who lacks depth or seriousness in their knowledge or behavior. For example: a superficial fan「にわかファン」(にわかふぁん). The word can carry a slightly negative connotation when used to describe people, implying a lack of commitment or depth.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

6639

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Area

Reading

Kanji

一One 帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一帯 (いったい)' refers to a specific area or region, often implying a continuous or connected expanse. It is commonly used to describe a geographical area, such as a neighborhood, district, or even a broader region. For example: this area is famous for its cherry blossoms「この一帯は桜で有名です」(このいったいはさくらでゆうめいです). The entire area was affected by the flood「一帯が洪水の影響を受けました」(いったいがこうずいのえいきょうをうけました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a range or scope of something, such as a field of study or influence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6640

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interference, Meddling

Reading

Kanji

干Dry 渉Have relations with, Ford

Explanation

The Japanese noun '干渉 (かんしょう)' primarily means 'interference' or 'meddling'. It refers to the act of involving oneself in someone else's affairs without being asked, often in a way that is unwelcome. This word can be used in various contexts, such as politics, personal relationships, or even physics (e.g., wave interference). For example: His interference caused more problems「彼の干渉が問題を引き起こした」(かれのかんしょうがもんだいをひきおこした). Stop meddling in my business「私のことに干渉しないで」(わたしのことにかんしょうしないで). The term carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that the interference is unwanted or disruptive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6641

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

True form, Identity

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正体 (しょうたい)' refers to someone's true form or identity, often used in contexts where something or someone is not what they appear to be. It can be used in both literal and metaphorical senses, such as revealing the true nature of a person, creature, or situation. For example: The monster revealed its true form「その怪物は正体を現した」(そのかいぶつはしょうたいをあらわした). I finally discovered his identity「彼の正体をついに突き止めた」(かれのしょうたいをついにつきとめた). This word is commonly used in mystery, fantasy, or dramatic contexts to emphasize the unveiling of hidden truths.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6642

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monk

Reading

Kanji

僧Bonze, Buddhist priest 侶Follower, Companion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '僧侶 (そうりょ)' refers to a Buddhist monk or priest. This term is used to describe individuals who have dedicated their lives to religious practice within Buddhism, often living in temples and following a strict set of spiritual and ethical guidelines. For example: The monk is meditating「僧侶は瞑想しています」(そうりょはめいそうしています). The temple is home to many monks「その寺には多くの僧侶がいます」(そのてらにはおおくのそうりょがいます). It's important to note that '僧侶' specifically refers to Buddhist clergy and does not apply to religious figures in other traditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6643

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recently

Reading

Kanji

近Near 頃Approximate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近頃 (ちかごろ)' means 'recently' or 'lately'. It is used to refer to a period of time that is close to the present, often implying a sense of change or something new. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: I've been busy recently「近頃忙しいです」(ちかごろいそがしいです). The weather has been strange lately「近頃天気が変です」(ちかごろてんきがへんです). Note that '近頃' can sometimes carry a nuance of reflecting on a change or trend over a short period of time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6644

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Block

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ブロック (burokku)' refers to a 'block'. This term can be used in various contexts, such as a physical block (like a building block or a block of wood), a city block, or even a block in programming or data structures. For example: The child is playing with blocks「子供がブロックで遊んでいる」(こどもがブロックであそんでいる). This street is one block away「この通りは1ブロック先です」(このとおりは1ブロックさきです). In programming, a block of code is essential「プログラミングでは、コードのブロックが重要です」(プログラミングでは、コードのブロックがじゅうようです). The word is a loanword from English, and its usage is quite versatile in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6645

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rot

Reading

Kanji

腐Rot

Explanation

The Japanese verb '腐る (くさる)' means 'to rot' or 'to decay'. It is used to describe the process of organic matter breaking down, often due to bacterial or fungal activity. This verb can be applied to food, plants, or other organic materials. For example: the fruit rotted「果物が腐った」(くだものがくさった). The fish will rot if left out「魚は放置すると腐る」(さかなはほうちするとくさる). Additionally, '腐る' can be used metaphorically to describe something becoming morally or emotionally corrupt, though this usage is less common. For example: his heart rotted with greed「彼の心は欲望で腐った」(かれのこころはよくぼうでくさった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6646

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endure

Reading

Kanji

堪Endure

Explanation

The Japanese verb '堪える (こらえる)' means 'to endure' or 'to hold back'. It is used to describe the act of enduring or tolerating something difficult, such as pain, emotions, or a challenging situation. This verb often implies a sense of self-control or restraint. For example: He endured the pain「彼は痛みを堪えた」(かれはいたみをこらえた). She held back her tears「彼女は涙を堪えた」(かのじょはなみだをこらえた). The verb can also be used in contexts where someone is resisting an urge or impulse, such as holding back laughter or anger. It is important to note that this verb is often used in situations requiring mental or emotional strength.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6647

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Offer

Reading

Kanji

供Accompany, Offer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '供える (そなえる)' means 'to offer' or 'to present'. It is commonly used in the context of offering something, often in a religious or ceremonial setting, such as offering food, flowers, or other items to deities, spirits, or ancestors. For example: They offered flowers to the altar「彼らは祭壇に花を供えた」(かれらはさいだんにはなをそなえた). We offered rice to the gods「私たちは神々に米を供えた」(わたしたちはかみがみにこめをそなえた). The verb carries a respectful and formal tone, often implying a sense of reverence or ritual.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6648

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Involve

Reading

Kanji

携Carry with, Portable

Explanation

The Japanese verb '携わる (たずさわる)' means 'to be involved in' or 'to engage in'. It is used to describe participation or involvement in a specific activity, project, or field. This verb often implies a sense of responsibility or active participation. For example: He is involved in education「彼は教育に携わっている」(かれはきょういくにたずさわっている). She engages in research「彼女は研究に携わっている」(かのじょはけんきゅうにたずさわっている). The verb is typically used in formal or professional contexts, emphasizing a deeper level of involvement rather than casual participation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6649

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disrupt

Reading

Kanji

乱Disorder, Riot

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乱す (みだす)' means 'to disrupt' or 'to disturb'. It is used to describe the act of causing disorder, confusion, or disruption to something that was previously orderly or organized. This verb can be applied to physical arrangements, plans, emotions, or states of being. For example: The wind disrupted the papers「風が書類を乱した」(かぜがしょるいをみだした). Her words disrupted his peace of mind「彼女の言葉が彼の心の平和を乱した」(かのじょのことばがかれのこころのへいわをみだした). The verb often carries a nuance of negatively affecting something that was stable or harmonious.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6650

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Integration

Reading

Kanji

統Unite 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '統合 (とうごう)' means 'integration'. It refers to the process of combining or unifying separate elements into a single, cohesive whole. This term is often used in contexts such as organizational mergers, system integrations, or the unification of ideas. For example: The integration of the two companies was successful「二つの会社の統合は成功した」(ふたつのかいしゃのとうごうはせいこうした). The system integration improved efficiency「システムの統合で効率が向上した」(システムのとうごうでこうりつがこうじょうした). Note that '統合' is commonly used in both technical and non-technical contexts to describe the merging of systems, organizations, or concepts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6651

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unification

Reading

Kanji

統Unite 一One

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '統一 (とういつ)' means 'unification'. It refers to the act of combining or integrating separate elements into a single, cohesive whole. This term is often used in contexts such as politics, organizations, or systems where disparate parts are brought together under a common framework or authority. For example: The unification of the two companies was successful「二つの会社の統一は成功した」(ふたつのかいしゃのとういつはせいこうした). The country aims for national unification「その国は国家統一を目指している」(そのくにはこっかとういつをめざしている). It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as unifying ideas or theories.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6652

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Statistics

Reading

Kanji

統Unite 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '統計 (とうけい)' refers to 'statistics'. It is used to describe the collection, analysis, interpretation, presentation, and organization of data. This term is commonly used in academic, scientific, and business contexts. For example: The statistics show an increase in population「統計は人口の増加を示している」(とうけいはじんこうのぞうかをしめしている). We need to analyze the statistics「統計を分析する必要がある」(とうけいをぶんせきするひつようがある). The word can also be used in compound terms like '統計学 (とうけいがく)' which means 'statistics (as a field of study)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6653

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Integration

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '総合 (そうごう)' means 'integration' or 'comprehensive synthesis'. It refers to the act of combining or unifying various elements into a coherent whole. This term is often used in contexts such as education, business, and research, where multiple aspects or disciplines are brought together. For example: The university offers a comprehensive program「大学は総合的なプログラムを提供しています」(だいがくはそうごうてきなプログラムをていきょうしています). The company aims for the integration of technology and design「会社は技術とデザインの総合を目指しています」(かいしゃはぎじゅつとデザインのそうごうをめざしています).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6654

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Total

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '総数 (そうすう)' means 'total' or 'total number'. It is used to refer to the sum or aggregate of a set of items, people, or things. This word is often used in formal or statistical contexts. For example: the total number of participants is 100「参加者の総数は100です」(さんかしゃのそうすうはひゃくです). The total population of the city is 500,000「その都市の総人口は50万です」(そのとしのそうじんこうはごじゅうまんです). Note that '総数' is typically used for countable quantities and emphasizes the overall sum.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6655

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Investigation

Reading

Kanji

捜Search 査Investigate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '捜査 (そうさ)' refers to the act of investigating, particularly in a legal or criminal context. It is commonly used to describe police investigations or official inquiries into crimes or incidents. For example: The police are conducting an investigation「警察が捜査をしている」(けいさつがそうさをしている). The investigation into the case is ongoing「その事件の捜査は続いている」(そのじけんのそうさはつづいている). This term is often used in formal or official settings, and it emphasizes the systematic and thorough nature of the investigation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6656

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discomfort

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese noun '違和 (いわ)' refers to a sense of discomfort, unease, or incongruity. It is often used to describe a feeling that something is out of place or not quite right, whether physically, emotionally, or situationally. For example: I felt a sense of discomfort in the new environment「新しい環境に違和を感じた」(あたらしいかんきょうにいわをかんじた). There was an incongruity in his explanation「彼の説明に違和があった」(かれのせつめいにいわがあった). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to express a subtle sense of something being off or not harmonious.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6657

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Kanji

座Sit, Seat 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '座席 (ざせき)' refers to a 'seat'. This term is commonly used in contexts such as theaters, airplanes, trains, or any place where seating arrangements are provided. For example: Please take your seat「どうぞ座席にお座りください」(どうぞざせきにおすわりください). The seat is reserved「その座席は予約済みです」(そのざせきはよやくずみです). It's important to note that '座席' specifically refers to the physical seat itself, not the act of sitting.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6658

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Download

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ダウンロード (daunroudo)' means 'download'. It refers to the process of transferring data or files from a remote system, such as a server or the internet, to a local device, such as a computer or smartphone. This term is commonly used in the context of technology and digital media. For example: I downloaded the app「アプリをダウンロードしました」(あぷりをだうんろーどしました). The download speed is fast「ダウンロードの速度が速い」(だうんろーどのそくどがはやい). It's important to note that this word is a loanword from English, and it is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6659

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Onion

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'タマネギ' (tamanegi) refers to an onion, a common vegetable used in cooking. It is often used in dishes like soups, stews, and stir-fries. The word is written in katakana, which is typical for loanwords or foreign-derived terms, though onions are native to Japan. Example sentences: I bought onions at the store「スーパーでタマネギを買いました」(スーパーでタマネギをかいました). Onions are essential for this recipe「このレシピにはタマネギが欠かせません」(このレシピにはタマネギがかかせません).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6660

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carbon

Reading

Kanji

炭Charcoal 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '炭素 (たんそ)' refers to the chemical element 'carbon'. It is commonly used in scientific, environmental, and industrial contexts. Carbon is a fundamental element in organic chemistry and is essential for life. Example sentences: Carbon is an essential element for life「炭素は生命にとって不可欠な元素です」(たんそはせいめいにとってふかけつなげんそです). This material contains carbon「この材料には炭素が含まれています」(このざいりょうにはたんそがふくまれています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6661

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hope

Reading

Kanji

望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '望み (のぞみ)' means 'hope'. It refers to a feeling of expectation and desire for a certain thing to happen. This word is often used in contexts where someone is expressing their aspirations or desires for the future. For example: I have hope for the future「未来に望みがある」(みらいにのぞみがある). She lost all hope「彼女はすべての望みを失った」(かのじょはすべてののぞみをうしなった). It can also be used in a more general sense to describe a wish or a desire, such as in the phrase '望みを叶える (のぞみをかなえる)', which means 'to fulfill a wish'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6662

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Postcard

Reading

Kanji

葉Leaf 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葉書 (はがき)' refers to a 'postcard'. It is a rectangular piece of thick paper or thin cardboard intended for writing and mailing without an envelope. Postcards are often used for short messages, greetings, or as souvenirs. They typically feature a picture or design on one side and space for a message, address, and stamp on the other. Example sentences: I bought a postcard at the souvenir shop「おみやげやで葉書を買いました」(おみやげやではがきをかいました). Please send me a postcard from your trip「旅行から葉書を送ってください」(りょこうからはがきをおくってください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6663

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shiga

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'シガ (しが)' refers to Shiga, a prefecture in Japan located in the Kansai region. Shiga Prefecture is known for its scenic beauty, particularly Lake Biwa, which is the largest freshwater lake in Japan. The name 'Shiga' is often used in geographical or cultural contexts. For example: I visited Shiga Prefecture「私はシガ県を訪れました」(わたしはしがけんをおとずれました). Lake Biwa is in Shiga「琵琶湖はシガにあります」(びわこはしがにあります).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

6664

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Runout

Reading

Kanji

尽Exhaust

Explanation

The Japanese verb '尽きる (つきる)' means 'to run out' or 'to come to an end'. It is used to describe the exhaustion or depletion of something, such as resources, time, or patience. It can also imply reaching the limit of something. For example: the food ran out「食べ物が尽きた」(たべものがつきた). My patience has run out「私の忍耐が尽きた」(わたしのにんたいがつきた). This word often carries a sense of finality or inevitability, and it is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6665

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grumbling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぶつぶつ' is used to describe the act of grumbling or muttering under one's breath, often expressing dissatisfaction or discontent. It can also describe the sound of something bubbling or boiling. For example: he was grumbling about the weather「彼は天気についてぶつぶつ言っていた」(かれはてんきについてぶつぶついっていた). The soup is boiling「スープがぶつぶつ煮えている」(スープがぶつぶつにえている). This word is often used to convey a sense of irritation or frustration, and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6666

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deepen

Reading

Kanji

深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese verb '深まる (ふかまる)' means 'to deepen'. It is used to describe a situation, feeling, or relationship becoming more intense, profound, or serious. This verb is often used in contexts where emotions, understanding, or connections grow stronger over time. For example: Their relationship deepened「彼らの関係は深まった」(かれらのかんけいはふかまった). The mystery deepened「謎が深まった」(なぞがふかまった). It can also be used in a more literal sense, such as when describing the deepening of a color or a physical depth, though this is less common. For example: The color of the sky deepened「空の色が深まった」(そらのいろがふかまった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6667

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Careful

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 意Idea 深Deep

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '注意深い (ちゅういぶかい)' means 'careful'. It describes someone who is attentive, cautious, or meticulous in their actions or observations. This word is often used to praise someone's thoroughness or attention to detail. For example: She is a careful observer「彼女は注意深い観察者だ」(かのじょはちゅういぶかいかんさつしゃだ). He listened carefully to the instructions「彼は注意深く指示を聞いた」(かれはちゅういぶかくしじをきいた). The nuance of '注意深い' emphasizes a deliberate and thoughtful approach, often implying a high level of awareness or consideration.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6668

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Paragraph

Reading

Kanji

段Step, Stairs 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '段落 (だんらく)' refers to a 'paragraph', a distinct section of a piece of writing, typically dealing with a single theme and indicated by a new line, indentation, or numbering. It is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to refer to sections of text. For example: Please read the next paragraph「次の段落を読んでください」(つぎのだんらくをよんでください). This paragraph is difficult to understand「この段落は理解しにくい」(このだんらくはりかいしにくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe phases or stages in a process or story.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6669

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Overlook

Reading

Kanji

見See 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見落とす (みおとす)' means 'to overlook' or 'to miss something'. It is used when someone fails to notice or consider something, often due to carelessness or inattention. This verb is commonly used in situations where details, errors, or important information are missed. For example: I overlooked the mistake in the report「レポートの間違いを見落とした」(レポートのまちがいをみおとした). He missed the small detail in the painting「彼は絵の小さな詳細を見落とした」(かれはえのちいさなしょうさいをみおとした). The verb can also imply a sense of regret or realization after the fact, as in 'I can't believe I overlooked that!'「それを見落としたなんて信じられない！」(それをみおとしたなんてしんじられない！).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6670

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Failure, Flunking

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 第Ordinal number

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '落第 (らくだい)' refers to failing or flunking, particularly in an academic context. It is commonly used to describe failing an exam, a course, or not meeting the required standards to advance to the next level. For example: He failed the exam「彼は試験に落第した」(かれはしけんにらくだいした). If you don't study, you'll flunk「勉強しないと落第するよ」(べんきょうしないとらくだいするよ). This term carries a strong connotation of not meeting expectations and is often used in educational settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6671

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shivering

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぶるぶる' describes a trembling or shivering motion, often due to cold, fear, or nervousness. It is an onomatopoeic word that vividly conveys the physical sensation of shaking. For example: He was shivering from the cold「彼は寒さでぶるぶる震えていた」(かれはさむさでぶるぶるふるえていた). The puppy was shivering with fear「子犬は怖くてぶるぶるしていた」(こいぬはこわくてぶるぶるしていた). This word is commonly used in casual conversation and can also describe objects shaking, such as a vibrating phone.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6672

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Physical education

Reading

Kanji

体Body 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体育 (たいいく)' refers to 'physical education'. It is commonly used in the context of school education, where students engage in physical activities and sports as part of their curriculum. For example: We have physical education today「今日は体育があります」(きょうはたいいくがあります). Physical education is important for health「体育は健康に重要です」(たいいくはけんこうにじゅうようです). The term emphasizes the educational aspect of physical activities, distinguishing it from casual exercise or sports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6673

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hint

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ヒント (hinto)' means 'hint'. It is a loanword from English and is used in the same way as in English, referring to a clue or suggestion that helps solve a problem or understand something better. It is commonly used in everyday conversation, educational contexts, and problem-solving scenarios. For example: I need a hint to solve this puzzle「このパズルを解くためにヒントが必要です」(このぱずるをとくためにひんとがひつようです). The teacher gave us a hint for the quiz「先生がクイズのヒントをくれました」(せんせいがくいずのひんとをくれました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6674

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Master

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'マスター (ますたー)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'master'. It is commonly used to refer to someone who has achieved a high level of skill or expertise in a particular field, such as a master chef or a martial arts master. It can also refer to the owner or manager of a small business, particularly a bar or café. For example: he is the master of this café「彼はこのカフェのマスターです」(かれはこのかふぇのますたーです). She has become a master of calligraphy「彼女は書道のマスターになりました」(かのじょはしょどうのますたーになりました). In some contexts, it can also refer to a master's degree in academia, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6675

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Night

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜間 (やかん)' refers to the time period of 'night'. It is commonly used to describe activities, services, or events that occur during the nighttime. For example: The library is open at night「図書館は夜間開いています」(としょかんはやかんあいています). Nighttime security is important「夜間の警備は重要です」(やかんのけいびはじゅうようです). This word is often used in formal or specific contexts, such as '夜間営業 (やかんえいぎょう)' (nighttime business hours) or '夜間学校 (やかんがっこう)' (night school).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6676

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Association

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 想Concept

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連想 (れんそう)' means 'association'. It refers to the mental connection or link between ideas, memories, or concepts. This word is often used in contexts where one thing reminds you of another, such as in psychology, creative thinking, or everyday conversation. For example: This song brings back memories「この曲は連想を呼び起こす」(このきょくはれんそうをよびおこす). The word 'red' often leads to the association of 'apple'「『赤』という言葉は『りんご』の連想を引き起こす」(『あか』ということばは『りんご』のれんそうをひきおこす). It can also be used in phrases like '連想ゲーム (れんそうゲーム)' (association game), where participants connect words based on their associations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6677

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ワールド (waarudo)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'world'. It is commonly used in contexts related to global or international topics, such as world events, world history, or world culture. For example: the world is changing「ワールドは変わっている」(ワールドはかわっている). This word is often used in compound nouns, such as 'ワールドカップ (waarudo kappu)' meaning 'World Cup'. It is important to note that 'ワールド' is typically used in more modern or casual contexts, while the native Japanese word '世界 (せかい)' is more commonly used in formal or traditional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6678

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distribution

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '流通 (りゅうつう)' refers to the process of distributing goods, products, or information. It is commonly used in contexts related to commerce, logistics, and economics. For example: The distribution of goods is efficient「商品の流通が効率的だ」(しょうひんのりゅうつうがこうりつてきだ). Information flows quickly in this network「このネットワークでは情報の流通が速い」(このネットワークではじょうほうのりゅうつうがはやい). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the circulation of ideas or trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6679

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle class

Reading

Kanji

中Center 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中流 (ちゅうりゅう)' refers to the 'middle class' in a socioeconomic context. It is commonly used to describe a social class that is neither wealthy nor poor, often characterized by moderate income and lifestyle. This term can be used in discussions about society, economics, or personal status. For example: They belong to the middle class「彼らは中流です」(かれらはちゅうりゅうです). The middle class is shrinking「中流が縮小している」(ちゅうりゅうがしゅくしょうしている). Note that '中流' can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is average or moderate in quality or status, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6680

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Volume

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ボリューム (boryuumu)' refers to 'volume' and is commonly used in contexts related to sound, size, or quantity. It is a loanword from English, and its usage is similar to the English term. For example: turn up the volume「ボリュームを上げて」(ぼりゅーむをあげて). This TV has a large volume「このテレビはボリュームが大きい」(このてれびはぼりゅーむがおおきい). In some cases, it can also refer to the physical size or bulk of an object, such as 'the volume of the box'「箱のボリューム」(はこのぼりゅーむ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6681

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second rate

Reading

Kanji

二Two 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '二流 (にりゅう)' refers to something or someone that is considered 'second-rate' or of lower quality compared to the best or top-tier. It is often used to describe things, people, or groups that are not at the highest level of excellence or prestige. For example: he is a second-rate artist「彼は二流の芸術家だ」(かれはにりゅうのげいじゅつかだ). This restaurant is second-rate「このレストランは二流だ」(このレストランはにりゅうだ). The term can carry a slightly negative connotation, implying mediocrity or lack of distinction.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6682

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Huge

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'でかい (でかい)' means 'huge' or 'very big'. It is a colloquial and somewhat informal term often used in casual conversation to emphasize the large size of something. This word carries a sense of exaggeration and is typically used for objects, animals, or even situations. For example: That dog is huge!「あの犬はでかい！」(あのいぬはでかい！). This burger is huge「このバーガーはでかい」(このバーガーはでかい). Note that 'でかい' is more emphatic and informal compared to '大きい (おおきい)', which is the standard term for 'big'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

6683

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Olympics

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オリンピック (orinpikku)' refers to the 'Olympics', the international multi-sport event held every four years. This term is a direct borrowing from English and is widely understood in Japan. It is used in contexts related to sports, international events, and global competitions. For example: The Olympics are held every four years「オリンピックは4年ごとに開催されます」(おりんぴっくはよねんごとにかいさいされます). I watched the Olympics on TV「私はテレビでオリンピックを見ました」(わたしはてれびでおりんぴっくをみました). The term is often associated with national pride, athletic achievement, and international unity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6684

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Own company

Reading

Kanji

自Self 社Company

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自社 (じしゃ)' refers to 'one's own company' or 'the company one belongs to'. It is commonly used in business contexts to distinguish one's own company from others, such as competitors or partners. For example: We will use our own company's products「自社の製品を使います」(じしゃのせいひんをつかいます). The decision was made by our own company「その決定は自社で行われました」(そのけっていはじしゃでおこなわれました). This term is often used in corporate discussions, marketing, and internal communications to emphasize actions or decisions made internally.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6685

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Master

Reading

Kanji

師Master, Expert 匠Artisan, Craftsman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '師匠 (ししょう)' refers to a 'master' or 'teacher', particularly in the context of traditional arts, crafts, or skills. It is used to denote someone who has achieved a high level of expertise and is qualified to teach others. This term carries a sense of respect and is often used in fields such as martial arts, tea ceremony, calligraphy, or music. For example: my master is very skilled「私の師匠はとても上手です」(わたしのししょうはとてもじょうずです). He became a master of calligraphy「彼は書道の師匠になりました」(かれはしょどうのししょうになりました). The term emphasizes the hierarchical relationship between the teacher and the student, and it is often used with a tone of reverence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6686

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consultation

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 診Examine a patient, Diagnose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受診 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving a medical consultation or examination. It is commonly used in contexts related to healthcare, such as visiting a doctor or undergoing a medical check-up. For example: I had a medical consultation today「今日は受診しました」(きょうはじゅしんしました). It's important to schedule a consultation「受診の予約を取ることが大切です」(じゅしんのよやくをとることがたいせつです). This term is often used in formal or medical settings and emphasizes the patient's action of seeking medical attention.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6687

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misery

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad 惨Cruel, Wretched

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悲惨 (ひさん)' means 'misery' or 'tragedy'. It is used to describe a state of extreme unhappiness, suffering, or distress, often due to unfortunate events or circumstances. This word carries a strong emotional weight and is typically used in serious contexts, such as describing the aftermath of a disaster, a tragic story, or a dire situation. For example: The misery after the earthquake was unbearable「地震後の悲惨は耐えられなかった」(じしんごのひさんはたえられなかった). The tragedy of war left the country in ruins「戦争の悲惨が国を廃墟にした」(せんそうのひさんがくにをはいきょにした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6688

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Climate

Reading

Kanji

風Wind, Style 土Soil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '風土 (ふうど)' refers to the natural environment and climate of a particular region, including its weather, geography, and how these factors influence the local culture and lifestyle. It is often used in discussions about regional characteristics or how the environment shapes traditions. For example: The climate of this region is unique「この地域の風土は独特だ」(このちいきのふうどはどくとくだ). The local culture is deeply connected to its climate「その土地の文化は風土と深く結びついている」(そのとちのぶんかはふうどとふかくむすびついている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6689

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'フロー (furou)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'flow'. It is commonly used in various contexts to describe the smooth, continuous movement or progression of something, such as a liquid, air, or even abstract concepts like work processes or ideas. For example: the flow of the river is calm「川のフローは穏やかだ」(かわのフローはおだやかだ). We need to improve the workflow「ワークフローを改善する必要がある」(ワークフローをかいぜんするひつようがある). This term is often used in business, technology, and creative fields to describe efficiency or natural progression.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6690

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Legal

Reading

Kanji

法Law, Method 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '法定 (ほうてい)' refers to something that is established or prescribed by law. It is often used in contexts related to legal standards, requirements, or procedures. For example: the legal age for drinking is 20「法定飲酒年齢は20歳です」(ほうていいんしゅねんれいははたちです). The legal holiday is determined by the government「法定休日は政府によって決められます」(ほうていきゅうじつはせいふによってきめられます). This term is commonly used in legal, administrative, and official contexts to denote something that is mandated by law.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6691

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bottle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ボトル (botoru)' means 'bottle'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used to refer to containers for liquids, such as water bottles, wine bottles, or shampoo bottles. The word is often used in everyday conversation and is easily understood by Japanese speakers. For example: Please give me a bottle of water「水のボトルをください」(みずのボトルをください). I bought a bottle of wine「ワインのボトルを買いました」(ワインのボトルをかいました). The word 'ボトル' is typically written in katakana, as it is a foreign loanword.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6692

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Epidemic, Trend

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '流行 (りゅうこう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'trend', referring to something that is currently popular or fashionable. For example: This hairstyle is trending now「このヘアスタイルが今流行している」(このヘアスタイルがいまりゅうこうしている). The second meaning is 'epidemic', referring to the rapid spread of a disease. For example: The flu is spreading rapidly「インフルエンザが流行している」(インフルエンザがりゅうこうしている). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended, but both meanings are widely used in everyday conversation and media.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6693

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washing

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗面 (せんめん)' refers to the act of washing one's face or the area where one washes their face, such as a washbasin. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal hygiene and daily routines. For example: I washed my face「洗面をした」(せんめんをした). The washbasin is in the bathroom「洗面はバスルームにある」(せんめんはバスルームにある). This word is often used in compound words like '洗面台 (せんめんだい)' (washbasin) or '洗面所 (せんめんじょ)' (washroom).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6694

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Restroom, Hand washing

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 洗Wash

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手洗い (てあらい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'handwashing', which refers to the act of washing one's hands. This is commonly used in contexts related to hygiene, such as before meals or after using the restroom. For example: Please wash your hands「手洗いをしてください」(てあらいをしてください). The second meaning is 'restroom', which refers to a place where one can wash their hands or use the toilet. This usage is more common in public places or establishments. For example: Where is the restroom?「手洗いはどこですか？」(てあらいはどこですか？). It's important to note that the context in which '手洗い' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6695

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washbasin

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 面Face, Surface 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗面器 (せんめんき)' refers to a 'washbasin' or a small basin used for washing one's face or hands. It is commonly found in bathrooms or washrooms and is often used in daily hygiene routines. For example: I filled the washbasin with water「洗面器に水を入れた」(せんめんきにみずをいれた). She washed her face in the washbasin「彼女は洗面器で顔を洗った」(かのじょはせんめんきでかおをあらった). This word is specific to the object and is not used metaphorically.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6696

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sinking

Reading

Kanji

沈Sink 没Sink, Drown

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '沈没 (ちんぼつ)' means 'sinking'. It is used to describe the act of a ship, boat, or other vessel going underwater and becoming submerged. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the failure or collapse of plans, projects, or organizations. For example: The ship sank in the storm「船は嵐で沈没した」(ふねはあらしでちんぼつした). The company's project sank due to lack of funding「会社のプロジェクトは資金不足で沈没した」(かいしゃのプロジェクトはしきんぶそくでちんぼつした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6697

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chill

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷え込む (ひえこむ)' means 'to chill' or 'to become cold'. It is often used to describe a sudden drop in temperature, either in the weather or in a person's body. For example: The weather suddenly chilled「急に冷え込んだ」(きゅうにひえこんだ). My body feels chilled「体が冷え込む」(からだがひえこむ). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or atmosphere becoming cold or tense. For example: The atmosphere in the room chilled「部屋の雰囲気が冷え込んだ」(へやのふんいきがひえこんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6698

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tease

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷やかす (ひやかす)' primarily means 'to tease' or 'to make fun of someone in a playful or lighthearted manner'. It is often used in social contexts where someone is joking around or bantering with others. However, it can also carry a nuance of mocking or ridiculing, depending on the tone and context. For example: He teased his friend about his new haircut「彼は友達の新しい髪型を冷やかした」(かれはともだちのあたらしいかみがたをひやかした). The shopkeeper playfully teased the customer「店員は客を冷やかした」(てんいんはきゃくをひやかした). Note that this verb is not used for serious or hurtful teasing, but rather for light-hearted or humorous interactions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6699

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Freezing

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 凍Freeze, Frozen

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '冷凍 (れいとう)' means 'freezing'. It refers to the process of preserving food or other items by lowering their temperature to below freezing point. This term is commonly used in contexts related to food storage, such as in supermarkets or home kitchens. For example: I froze the fish「魚を冷凍した」(さかなをれいとうした). This meat is frozen「この肉は冷凍されている」(このにくはれいとうされている). It's important to note that '冷凍' is often used in compound words, such as '冷凍庫 (れいとうこ) (freezer)' or '冷凍食品 (れいとうしょくひん) (frozen food)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6700

Composition

kanji

Handwriting