Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Underground, Basement

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地下 (ちか)' can mean either 'basement' or 'underground', depending on the context. When referring to a building, it typically means 'basement', as in the lower level of a structure. For example: the restaurant is in the basement「レストランは地下にある」(れすとらんはちかにある). When used in a broader sense, it can refer to anything underground, such as subway systems or underground facilities. For example: the train runs underground「電車は地下を走る」(でんしゃはちかをはしる). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so it's important to consider the surrounding text to determine the exact meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gift

Reading

Kanji

贈Present, Presents 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '贈り物 (おくりもの)' means 'gift'. It refers to something given to someone as a present, often to show appreciation, celebrate an occasion, or express goodwill. This word is commonly used in contexts like birthdays, weddings, or holidays. For example: I received a gift from my friend「友達から贈り物をもらった」(ともだちからおくりものをもらった). She prepared a gift for her mother「彼女は母親に贈り物を用意した」(かのじょはははおやにおくりものをよういした). The word can also imply thoughtfulness or care in choosing the gift.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1890

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

There

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あちら (あちら)' means 'there' or 'that way'. It is used to refer to a place or direction that is distant from both the speaker and the listener. It is more formal and polite than 'あそこ (あそこ)' or 'そこ (そこ)', and is often used in polite or formal contexts. For example: The restroom is over there「お手洗いはあちらです」(おてあらいはあちらです). Please go that way「あちらへ行ってください」(あちらへいってください). It can also be used to refer to a person in a polite manner, such as 'that person over there'「あちらの方」(あちらのかた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1891

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stage

Reading

Kanji

舞Dance 台Pedestal, Machine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '舞台 (ぶたい)' primarily means 'stage' as in a physical platform where performances take place. It is commonly used in contexts related to theater, concerts, and other performances. For example: The actor stood on the stage「俳優は舞台に立った」(はいゆうはぶたいにたった). The play will be performed on this stage「この舞台でその劇が上演される」(このぶたいでそのげきがじょうえんされる). Additionally, '舞台' can metaphorically refer to a setting or scene where significant events occur, such as in '人生の舞台 (じんせいのぶたい)' (the stage of life). This word is versatile and deeply embedded in both literal and figurative Japanese expressions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1894

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Man

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'マン (man)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'man'. It is used to refer to an adult male human. This term is often used in casual contexts and can be found in various compound words or phrases. For example: that man is tall「あのマンは背が高い」(あのマンはせがたかい). He is a strong man「彼は強いマンだ」(かれはつよいマンだ). Note that while 'マン' is commonly understood, the native Japanese word '男 (おとこ)' is more frequently used in formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1895

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Convenience, Circumstances

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都合 (つごう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'circumstances,' referring to the conditions or factors affecting a situation. For example: Due to unforeseen circumstances, the event was canceled「都合により、イベントは中止されました」(つごうにより、イベントはちゅうしされました). The second meaning is 'convenience,' referring to what is suitable or practical for someone. For example: Please let me know your convenience「ご都合をお知らせください」(ごつごうをおしらせください). This word is often used in formal or polite contexts to discuss schedules, availability, or reasons for decisions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1900

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Iron

Reading

Kanji

鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鉄 (てつ)' refers to the metal 'iron'. It is used in various contexts, from describing the material itself to objects made of iron. For example: This bridge is made of iron「この橋は鉄でできている」(このはしはてつでできている). Iron is strong「鉄は強い」(てつはつよい). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '鉄道 (てつどう)' (railway) or '鉄筋 (てっきん)' (reinforcing steel). In Japanese culture, iron has historical significance, often associated with strength and durability.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1901

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sukiyaki

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'すき焼き (すきやき)' refers to a traditional Japanese dish consisting of thinly sliced beef, vegetables, and tofu, cooked in a sweet and savory soy sauce-based broth. It is often enjoyed communally, with diners cooking the ingredients at the table. Example sentences: Let's eat sukiyaki tonight「今夜はすき焼きを食べましょう」(こんやはすきやきをたべましょう). Sukiyaki is a popular dish in Japan「すき焼きは日本で人気のある料理です」(すきやきはにほんでにんきのあるりょうりです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1903

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crisis

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '危機 (きき)' means 'crisis'. It refers to a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger, often requiring immediate action or decision. This word is commonly used in contexts such as economic crises, environmental crises, or personal crises. For example: The country is facing an economic crisis「その国は経済危機に直面している」(そのくにはけいざいききにちょくめんしている). We must act quickly to avoid a crisis「危機を避けるために迅速に行動しなければならない」(ききをさけるためにじんそくにこうどうしなければならない). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a critical turning point or moment of decision.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Habit, Quirk

Reading

Kanji

癖Habit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '癖 (くせ)' refers to a habit, mannerism, or quirk. It can describe both positive and negative habits, as well as unique or peculiar traits in a person's behavior or appearance. For example: She has a habit of biting her nails「彼女は爪を噛む癖がある」(かのじょはつめをかむくせがある). His quirk is that he always tilts his head when thinking「彼の癖は、考えるときにいつも頭を傾けることだ」(かれのくせは、かんがえるときにいつもあたまをかたむけることだ). The word can also describe a characteristic of objects, such as a 'bend' or 'tendency' in something, like a bent spoon「スプーンに癖がついている」(スプーンにくせがついている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1905

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gas

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ガス (gasu)' refers to 'gas', which can mean a substance in a gaseous state, such as natural gas, or a type of fuel used for heating or cooking. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in the kitchen or when discussing energy sources. Example sentences: The gas is leaking「ガスが漏れている」(ガスがもれている). Please turn off the gas「ガスを消してください」(ガスをけしてください). In some contexts, 'ガス' can also refer to gasoline, though this is less common and usually specified as 'ガソリン (gasorin)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1907

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sun

Reading

Kanji

太Thick, Fat 陽Sunshine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '太陽 (たいよう)' means 'sun'. It refers to the star at the center of our solar system, which provides light and heat to Earth. This word is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts. For example: The sun is bright today「今日の太陽は明るい」(きょうのたいようはあかるい). The sun rises in the east「太陽は東から昇る」(たいようはひがしからのぼる). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone as a source of light or energy, such as in the phrase '彼は私の太陽 (かれはわたしのたいよう)' (He is my sun).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1911

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bullet train

Reading

Kanji

新New 幹Trunk, Main 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新幹線 (しんかんせん)' refers to the high-speed railway system in Japan, commonly known as the 'bullet train'. It is a network of trains that operate at very high speeds, connecting major cities across Japan. The term is often used to describe the trains themselves, as well as the system as a whole. For example: I took the bullet train to Osaka「新幹線で大阪に行きました」(しんかんせんでおおさかにいきました). The bullet train is very fast「新幹線はとても速いです」(しんかんせんはとてもはやいです). The 新幹線 is a symbol of Japan's technological advancement and efficiency in transportation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1912

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scarf

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'マフラー (まふらー)' refers to a scarf, specifically a long, thick scarf worn around the neck for warmth during cold weather. It is a loanword from English, derived from 'muffler'. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially during winter. For example: I bought a new scarf「新しいマフラーを買いました」(あたらしいまふらーをかいました). She is wearing a red scarf「彼女は赤いマフラーを着けています」(かのじょはあかいまふらーをつけています). It's important to note that 'マフラー' can also refer to a car's muffler in some contexts, but this usage is less common and typically specified by context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1913

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wife, Madam

Reading

Kanji

夫Man, Husband 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夫人 (ふじん)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'wife', specifically referring to someone's wife, often in a formal or respectful context. For example: the president's wife「大統領の夫人」(だいとうりょうのふじん). The second meaning is 'madam', used as a polite or formal way to address or refer to a woman, particularly one of high status. For example: Madam Tanaka is here「田中夫人がいらっしゃいます」(たなかふじんがいらっしゃいます). This term is often used in formal settings or when showing respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1914

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 互Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相互 (そうご)' means 'mutual' or 'reciprocal'. It is used to describe a relationship or action that involves two or more parties affecting each other in a similar way. This term is often used in contexts like mutual understanding, mutual respect, or mutual agreement. For example: mutual understanding「相互理解」(そうごりかい). mutual respect「相互尊重」(そうごそんちょう). It can also be used in more formal or technical contexts, such as in discussions about mutual benefits or mutual agreements between organizations or countries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1915

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Instant

Reading

Kanji

一One 瞬Blink, Flash

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一瞬 (いっしゅん)' means 'instant' or 'moment'. It refers to an extremely short period of time, often emphasizing how quickly something happens. This word is commonly used to describe fleeting moments or events that occur in a blink of an eye. For example: In an instant, the bird flew away「一瞬で鳥が飛び去った」(いっしゅんでとりがとびさった). I saw it for just a moment「一瞬だけ見えた」(いっしゅんだけみえた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that feels brief or ephemeral, such as emotions or opportunities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1916

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pro

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'プロ (ぷろ)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'professional'. It is commonly used to refer to someone who is highly skilled or experienced in a particular field, often as a career. This term is widely used in sports, arts, and other specialized areas. For example: He is a pro golfer「彼はプロのゴルファーです」(かれはぷろのごるふぁーです). She turned pro last year「彼女は去年プロになりました」(かのじょはきょねんぷろになりました). The word can also be used more broadly to describe something of high quality or expertise, such as 'pro-level equipment' (プロレベルの装備).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1917

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accessory

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アクセサリー (akusesarii)' refers to 'accessory'. This term is commonly used to describe items that complement or enhance an outfit, such as jewelry, bags, belts, or scarves. It can also refer to decorative items that add to the appearance of something, like accessories for a room or a car. For example: She bought a new accessory「彼女は新しいアクセサリーを買った」(かのじょはあたらしいアクセサリーをかった). This bag is a perfect accessory for the dress「このバッグはドレスにぴったりのアクセサリーです」(このバッグはドレスにぴったりのアクセサリーです). The word is borrowed from English and is widely understood in Japanese fashion and design contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1918

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Auction

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オークション (おーくしょん)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'auction'. It refers to a public sale where goods or property are sold to the highest bidder. This term is commonly used in contexts related to art, antiques, online sales, and real estate. For example: I bought this painting at an auction「この絵をオークションで買いました」(このえをおーくしょんでかいました). The auction for the rare stamp will start soon「その珍しい切手のオークションはもうすぐ始まります」(そのめずらしいきってのおーくしょんはもうすぐはじまります). Note that 'オークション' is often used in both formal and informal settings, and it retains the same meaning as its English counterpart.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1923

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Egg

Reading

Kanji

卵Egg

Explanation

The Japanese noun '卵 (たまご)' refers to an egg, typically a bird's egg, and is commonly used in the context of food. It can refer to eggs in general, including those of chickens, which are widely consumed in Japan. The word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, from cooking to biology. For example: I ate a boiled egg「ゆで卵を食べた」(ゆでたまごをたべた). She bought eggs at the supermarket「彼女はスーパーで卵を買った」(かのじょはスーパーでたまごをかった). Note that '卵' can also metaphorically refer to something in its early stages, such as a plan or idea, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to be understood as such.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1924

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blackboard

Reading

Kanji

黒Black 板Board

Explanation

The Japanese noun '黒板 (こくばん)' refers to a 'blackboard', a flat, typically dark-colored surface used for writing or drawing with chalk, commonly found in classrooms. It is a standard item in educational settings and is used by teachers to write lessons or instructions. Example sentences: The teacher wrote on the blackboard「先生は黒板に書きました」(せんせいはこくばんにかきました). Please clean the blackboard「黒板を消してください」(こくばんをけしてください). The word is composed of the kanji 黒 (くろ) meaning 'black' and 板 (いた) meaning 'board', reflecting its traditional appearance and function.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1925

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bulletin board

Reading

Kanji

掲Hoist, Display, Hold up 示Show, Indicate 板Board

Explanation

The Japanese noun '掲示板 (けいじばん)' refers to a 'bulletin board' or 'notice board'. It is commonly used to describe a physical or digital board where information, announcements, or messages are posted for public viewing. In modern contexts, it often refers to online forums or message boards. For example: I saw the notice on the bulletin board「掲示板にそのお知らせを見ました」(けいじばんにそのおしらせをみました). This online forum is very active「この掲示板はとても活発です」(このけいじばんはとてもかっぱつです). The word is widely used in both physical and digital contexts, making it a versatile term in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1926

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strange

Reading

Kanji

妙Exquisite, Marvelous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '妙 (みょう)' primarily means 'strange' or 'mysterious'. It is often used to describe something that is unusual, peculiar, or beyond ordinary understanding. This word can carry a nuance of something being intriguingly odd or inexplicably fascinating. For example: That's strange「それは妙だ」(それはみょうだ). He has a mysterious power「彼は妙な力を持っている」(かれはみょうなちからをもっている). Additionally, '妙' can sometimes imply a sense of subtlety or finesse, particularly in contexts related to art or skill, though this usage is less common. For example: Her dance has a subtle charm「彼女のダンスは妙な魅力がある」(かのじょのダンスはみょうなみりょくがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1929

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Postcard

Reading

Kanji

絵Picture 葉Leaf 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '絵葉書 (えはがき)' refers to a 'postcard', specifically one that features a picture or illustration, often used for sending messages or greetings. This term combines '絵 (え)' meaning 'picture' and '葉書 (はがき)' meaning 'postcard'. It is commonly used in contexts where people send illustrated postcards from travel destinations or special occasions. For example: I bought a postcard at the museum「博物館で絵葉書を買いました」(はくぶつかんでえはがきをかいました). She sent me a beautiful postcard from Kyoto「彼女は京都からきれいな絵葉書を送ってくれました」(かのじょはきょうとからきれいなえはがきをおくってくれました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1931

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Star

Reading

Kanji

星Star

Explanation

The Japanese noun '星 (ほし)' means 'star'. It refers to celestial bodies visible in the night sky, such as stars in space. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is a 'star' in the sense of being famous or outstanding. For example: The stars are beautiful tonight「今夜の星はきれいだ」(こんやのほしはきれいだ). She is a star in the music industry「彼女は音楽界の星だ」(かのじょはおんがくかいのほしだ). The word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1933

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Church

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教会 (きょうかい)' means 'church'. It refers to a place of worship for Christians, where religious services and ceremonies are held. This word is commonly used to describe both the physical building and the institution itself. For example: I went to the church「教会に行きました」(きょうかいにいきました). The church is beautiful「その教会は美しい」(そのきょうかいはうつくしい). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a community or congregation, as in '教会のメンバー (きょうかいのメンバー) (church members)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1935

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disposal

Reading

Kanji

処Deal with 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '処分 (しょぶん)' primarily means 'disposal'. It refers to the act of getting rid of something, often in the context of waste, unwanted items, or even abstract matters like responsibilities. For example: disposal of garbage「ゴミの処分」(ごみのしょぶん). The company decided on the disposal of old equipment「会社は古い設備の処分を決めた」(かいしゃはふるいせつびのしょぶんをきめた). In some contexts, it can also imply handling or dealing with a situation, but the core meaning revolves around the concept of disposal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1936

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occupation

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職業 (しょくぎょう)' means 'occupation' or 'profession'. It refers to a person's job or the type of work they do to earn a living. This word is commonly used in formal or everyday contexts to discuss careers, employment, or vocational topics. For example: What is your occupation?「あなたの職業は何ですか？」(あなたのしょくぎょうはなんですか？). Teaching is a rewarding occupation「教えることはやりがいのある職業です」(おしえることはやりがいのあるしょくぎょうです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing career choices or societal roles.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1940

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Childcare

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保育 (ほいく)' refers to the care and education of young children, typically in a nursery or preschool setting. It encompasses activities and services aimed at nurturing and developing children during their early years. For example: She works in childcare「彼女は保育の仕事をしています」(かのじょはほいくのしごとをしています). The nursery provides excellent childcare「その保育園は素晴らしい保育を提供しています」(そのほいくえんはすばらしいほいくをていきょうしています). This term is often associated with professional childcare services and institutions like '保育園 (ほいくえん)' (nursery school).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1942

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Universe

Reading

Kanji

宇Eaves, Universe 宙Midair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宇宙 (うちゅう)' means 'universe'. It refers to the entirety of space, including all matter, energy, planets, stars, galaxies, and the contents of intergalactic space. This word is often used in scientific, philosophical, and everyday contexts to describe the vast expanse of the cosmos. For example: the universe is infinite「宇宙は無限だ」(うちゅうはむげんだ). I want to explore the universe「宇宙を探検したい」(うちゅうをたんけんしたい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something vast or boundless, such as 'a universe of possibilities'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1943

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aunt

Reading

Kanji

伯Chief, Older sibling of parent 母Mother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伯母 (おば)' refers to one's aunt, specifically the sister of one's parent. It is used to denote a familial relationship and is a respectful term. The term can be used for both the father's and mother's sisters, but it is important to note that in Japanese, there are different terms for older and younger aunts, with '伯母 (おば)' typically referring to an older aunt. For example: My aunt is coming to visit「私の伯母が訪ねてきます」(わたしのおばがたずねてきます). She is my father's older sister「彼女は私の父の伯母です」(かのじょはわたしのちちのおばです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1944

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lunch

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ランチ (ranchi)' refers to 'lunch', specifically a midday meal. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used in casual and formal settings. This term is often associated with set meals or lunch specials at restaurants. For example: Let's have lunch together「一緒にランチを食べましょう」(いっしょにランチをたべましょう). I had a delicious lunch today「今日は美味しいランチを食べました」(きょうはおいしいランチをたべました). The word is widely understood and used in everyday conversation, especially in urban areas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1945

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Park

Reading

Kanji

公Public 園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '公園 (こうえん)' means 'park'. It refers to a public area of land with grass, trees, and often playgrounds or walking paths, where people can relax, play, or enjoy nature. This word is commonly used to describe urban parks, national parks, or any designated recreational area. For example: Let's go to the park「公園に行きましょう」(こうえんにいきましょう). The park is beautiful in spring「公園は春に美しい」(こうえんははるにうつくしい). It can also be used in compound words like '動物公園 (どうぶつこうえん)' (zoo) or '国立公園 (こくりつこうえん)' (national park).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1946

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Younger sister

Reading

Kanji

妹Younger sister

Explanation

The Japanese noun '妹 (いもうと)' specifically refers to a younger sister. It is used to describe a female sibling who is younger than the speaker. This term is commonly used in family contexts and is gender-specific. For example: my younger sister is kind「私の妹は優しい」(わたしのいもうとはやさしい). I have a younger sister「私は妹がいます」(わたしはいもうとがいます). Note that '妹' is only used for younger sisters; for older sisters, the term '姉 (あね)' is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1948

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skin

Reading

Kanji

肌Skin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '肌 (はだ)' refers to the skin of a person or animal. It is commonly used to describe the surface of the body, including its texture, condition, or appearance. For example: Her skin is smooth「彼女の肌は滑らかだ」(かのじょのはだはなめらかだ). My skin gets dry in winter「冬になると肌が乾燥する」(ふゆになるとはだがかんそうする). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the surface or texture of objects, such as the 'skin' of a fruit or fabric. For instance: The skin of this peach is soft「この桃の肌は柔らかい」(このもものはだはやわらかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1950

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receipt

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レシート (reshiito)' means 'receipt'. This word is used to refer to a piece of paper or digital record that confirms a transaction, such as a purchase at a store or a payment made. It is commonly used in everyday situations, such as shopping or dining out. For example: I lost my receipt「レシートをなくしました」(れしーとをなくしました). Can I have a receipt?「レシートをもらえますか？」(れしーとをもらえますか？). The word 'レシート' is a loanword from English, and it is widely understood in Japan due to its frequent use in commercial transactions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1951

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Situation

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事態 (じたい)' refers to a 'situation' or 'state of affairs', often implying a critical, serious, or unexpected condition. It is commonly used to describe circumstances that require attention or action. For example: The situation is serious「事態は深刻だ」(じたいはしんこくだ). We must respond to this situation「この事態に対応しなければならない」(このじたいにたいおうしなければならない). The word is often used in formal or news contexts to describe events or developments that have significant implications.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1952

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mansion

Reading

Kanji

屋Shop, Roof 敷Spread, Lay

Explanation

The Japanese noun '屋敷 (やしき)' refers to a large, often luxurious residence or estate, typically associated with wealth or nobility. It can also imply a historical or traditional property. This word is commonly used to describe grand homes or estates, often with significant land. For example: that mansion is beautiful「あの屋敷は美しい」(あのやしきはうつくしい). The old mansion has a large garden「古い屋敷には大きな庭がある」(ふるいやしきにはおおきなにわがある). The term can also carry a sense of historical or cultural significance, as many '屋敷' are preserved as landmarks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1953

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year after next

Reading

Kanji

再Again, Twice 来Come 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '再来年 (さらいねん)' refers to 'the year after next'. It is used to indicate a time two years from the current year. This term is commonly used in planning or discussing future events that are not immediate but still within a relatively near timeframe. For example: I will graduate the year after next「再来年に卒業します」(さらいねんにそつぎょうします). We are planning to move the year after next「再来年に引っ越す予定です」(さらいねんにひっこすよていです). Note that '再来年' is a specific term and should not be confused with '来年 (らいねん)', which means 'next year'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1954

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chalk

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'チョーク' refers to 'chalk', a writing instrument used primarily on blackboards or chalkboards. It is commonly used in educational settings, such as schools, for writing or drawing. For example: The teacher wrote with chalk「先生はチョークで書いた」(せんせいはチョークでかいた). Please pass me the chalk「チョークを取ってください」(チョークをとってください). The word is a loanword from English, and its usage is straightforward, referring specifically to the physical object used for writing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1956

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Month after next

Reading

Kanji

再Again, Twice 来Come 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '再来月 (さらいげつ)' refers to 'the month after next'. It is used to indicate a time two months ahead from the current month. This term is particularly useful in planning and scheduling contexts. For example: I will travel to Japan the month after next「再来月に日本へ旅行します」(さらいげつににほんへりょこうします). The meeting is scheduled for the month after next「会議は再来月に予定されています」(かいぎはさらいげつによていされています). It's important to note that '再来月' is a specific time reference and should not be confused with '来月 (らいげつ)', which means 'next month'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1959

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Week after next

Reading

Kanji

再Again, Twice 来Come 週Week

Explanation

The Japanese noun '再来週 (さらいしゅう)' refers to 'the week after next'. It is used to indicate a time two weeks from the current week. This term is commonly used in scheduling, planning, or discussing future events. For example: I will visit my grandparents the week after next「再来週に祖父母を訪ねます」(さらいしゅうにそふぼをおとずれます). The meeting is scheduled for the week after next「会議は再来週に予定されています」(かいぎはさらいしゅうによていされています). Note that '再来週' is a specific time expression and should not be confused with '来週 (らいしゅう)', which means 'next week'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Job, Profession

Reading

Kanji

職Employment

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職 (しょく)' refers to one's job, occupation, or profession. It is commonly used to describe the type of work someone does or their role in a workplace. For example: I am looking for a new job「新しい職を探しています」(あたらしいしょくをさがしています). His profession is a teacher「彼の職は教師です」(かれのしょくはきょうしです). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '転職 (てんしょく)' (changing jobs) or '職業 (しょくぎょう)' (occupation). It is important to note that '職' often carries a formal tone and is typically used in professional or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1963

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tissue

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ティッシュ (tisshu)' refers to a 'tissue', typically the kind used for personal hygiene, such as facial tissues or paper handkerchiefs. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday situations, especially when referring to tissues used for blowing one's nose or cleaning up small spills. For example: Can you pass me a tissue?「ティッシュを取ってくれますか？」(てぃっしゅをとってくれますか？). I always carry tissues in my bag「私はいつもバッグにティッシュを持っています」(わたしはいつもばっぐにてぃっしゅをもっています). Note that 'ティッシュ' is often used in casual conversation, and it is understood by most Japanese speakers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1965

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Okurigana

Reading

Kanji

送Send 仮Temporary 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese noun '送り仮名 (おくりがな)' refers to the kana (hiragana) suffixes that follow kanji in Japanese writing. These kana are used to indicate the inflection of verbs and adjectives, as well as to clarify the reading of kanji. For example, in the verb '食べる (たべる)', the 'べる' part is the okurigana that follows the kanji '食'. Another example is the adjective '高い (たかい)', where 'かい' is the okurigana following the kanji '高'. Okurigana are essential for understanding the correct pronunciation and meaning of words in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1966

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mirror

Reading

Kanji

鏡Mirror

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鏡 (かがみ)' means 'mirror'. It refers to a reflective surface, typically made of glass with a metallic backing, used to see one's reflection. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as looking at oneself or decorating a room. For example: I looked in the mirror「鏡を見た」(かがみをみた). The mirror is broken「鏡が壊れている」(かがみがこわれている). In Japanese culture, mirrors also hold symbolic significance, often representing truth or self-reflection.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1968

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Most

Reading

Kanji

最Most

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最 (さい)' means 'most' and is often used as a prefix to indicate the highest degree or extreme of something. It is commonly used in compound words to emphasize the superlative form. For example: the most important「最重要」(さいじゅうよう). The best「最良」(さいりょう). It can also be used in phrases like 'the most beautiful'「最も美しい」(もっともうつくしい). Note that '最' is rarely used alone and is typically part of a compound word or phrase to convey the idea of being the utmost or extreme in a particular context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1972

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Art museum

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 術Art, Technique 館Building

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美術館 (びじゅつかん)' means 'art museum'. It refers to a facility or institution where works of art, such as paintings, sculptures, and other visual arts, are displayed for public viewing. This word is commonly used when discussing cultural activities, tourism, or education. For example: Let's go to the art museum「美術館に行きましょう」(びじゅつかんにいきましょう). The art museum is closed today「美術館は今日休みです」(びじゅつかんはきょうやすみです). The word is often used in contexts related to appreciating or studying art.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1974

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bill, Accounting

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会計 (かいけい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'accounting', which refers to the systematic recording, reporting, and analysis of financial transactions. For example: I work in accounting「私は会計の仕事をしています」(わたしはかいけいのしごとをしています). The second meaning is 'bill', referring to the amount of money owed for goods or services, especially in a restaurant or store. For example: Can I have the bill, please?「会計をお願いします」(かいけいをおねがいします). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1976

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lips

Reading

Kanji

唇Lips, Lip

Explanation

The Japanese noun '唇 (くちびる)' refers to the 'lips', the soft, movable parts forming the opening of the mouth. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literature to describe the physical feature or to express emotions metaphorically. For example: Her lips are red「彼女の唇は赤い」(かのじょのくちびるはあかい). He bit his lips nervously「彼は緊張して唇を噛んだ」(かれはきんちょうしてくちびるをかんだ). The word can also appear in idiomatic expressions or poetic contexts, emphasizing beauty, emotion, or communication.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1977

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Industry

Reading

Kanji

工Construction 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '工業 (こうぎょう)' refers to 'industry', specifically the sector involved in the production of goods using machinery and factories. It is often used in contexts discussing manufacturing, technology, and economic activities. For example: Japan is known for its advanced industry「日本は先進的な工業で知られている」(にほんはせんしんてきなこうぎょうでしられている). The city developed rapidly due to its thriving industry「その都市は繁栄する工業のおかげで急速に発展した」(そのとしははんえいするこうぎょうのおかげできゅうそくにはってんした). This term is distinct from '農業 (のうぎょう)' (agriculture) and '商業 (しょうぎょう)' (commerce), which refer to other sectors of the economy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1978

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beauty salon

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 容Contain, Looks 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美容院 (びよういん)' refers to a 'beauty salon' or 'hair salon'. This term is specifically used for establishments that offer hair styling, cutting, and other beauty treatments. It is distinct from '床屋 (とこや)', which refers to a traditional barber shop. For example: I went to the beauty salon yesterday「昨日、美容院に行きました」(きのう、びよういんにいきました). She works at a beauty salon「彼女は美容院で働いています」(かのじょはびよういんではたらいています). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing personal grooming or beauty routines.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1979

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Museum

Reading

Kanji

博Extensive, Doctor 物Thing 館Building

Explanation

The Japanese noun '博物館 (はくぶつかん)' means 'museum'. It refers to a place where objects of historical, scientific, artistic, or cultural significance are stored and exhibited for public viewing. This word is commonly used in contexts related to education, tourism, and cultural activities. For example: I went to the museum yesterday「昨日、博物館に行きました」(きのう、はくぶつかんにいきました). The museum has many interesting exhibits「その博物館には面白い展示がたくさんあります」(そのはくぶつかんにはおもしろいてんじがたくさんあります). The word is often paired with specific types of museums, such as 'art museum' (美術館, びじゅつかん) or 'science museum' (科学博物館, かがくはくぶつかん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1980

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Premise

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 提Present, Submit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前提 (ぜんてい)' means 'premise'. It refers to a statement or idea that forms the basis for a theory, argument, or conclusion. It is often used in logical, philosophical, or practical discussions to establish a foundational assumption. For example: The premise of the argument is flawed「その議論の前提は間違っている」(そのぎろんのぜんていはまちがっている). Without this premise, the theory falls apart「この前提なしでは、その理論は成り立たない」(このぜんていなしでは、そのりろんはなりたたない). The word can also be used in everyday contexts to refer to assumptions or conditions that must be met before proceeding with something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1981

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Qualification

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 格Status

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資格 (しかく)' refers to a qualification, certification, or eligibility for something. It is often used in contexts related to professional or academic credentials, such as licenses, degrees, or certifications. For example: I have a teaching qualification「私は教員の資格を持っています」(わたしはきょういんのしかくをもっています). He obtained a qualification in engineering「彼は工学の資格を取得しました」(かれはこうがくのしかくをしゅとくしました). The word can also imply eligibility or the right to do something, such as having the qualification to vote「投票する資格がある」(とうひょうするしかくがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1984

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Instruction

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指示 (しじ)' means 'instruction' or 'direction'. It refers to guidance or orders given by someone in authority, such as a boss, teacher, or manual. This word is commonly used in professional, educational, or technical contexts. For example: follow the instructions「指示に従ってください」(しじにしたがってください). The teacher gave clear instructions「先生は明確な指示を出した」(せんせいはめいかくなしじをだした). It can also imply a sense of authority or hierarchy, as the person giving the instructions is typically in a position of power or expertise.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1986

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

License

Reading

Kanji

免Excuse, Exempt 許Permit, Allow 証Evidence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '免許証 (めんきょしょう)' refers to a 'license' or 'certificate' that grants official permission to perform a specific activity, such as driving or operating machinery. It is commonly used in contexts like driver's licenses or professional certifications. For example: I got my driver's license「私は免許証を取得しました」(わたしはめんきょしょうをしゅとくしました). Please show your license「免許証を見せてください」(めんきょしょうをみせてください). This word is often associated with legal or official documents and is essential in many professional and personal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1987

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Achievement, Result

Reading

Kanji

成Become 果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '成果 (せいか)' refers to the outcome or result of efforts, often implying a positive or successful achievement. It is commonly used in professional, academic, or personal contexts to describe tangible or measurable results. For example: The results of the project were impressive「プロジェクトの成果は素晴らしかった」(ぷろじぇくとのせいかはすばらしかった). His hard work led to great achievements「彼の努力は大きな成果をもたらした」(かれのどりょくはおおきなせいかをもたらした). Note that '成果' emphasizes the tangible or visible outcome of effort, distinguishing it from abstract concepts like 'effort' or 'process'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1989

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nucleus, Core

Reading

Kanji

核Nucleus

Explanation

The Japanese noun '核 (かく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'nucleus,' which can refer to the central part of an atom, the nucleus of a cell in biology, or the core of an idea or concept. The second meaning is 'core,' which can refer to the central or most important part of something, such as the core of a fruit or the core of an issue. Example sentences: The nucleus of the cell is essential for life「細胞の核は生命に不可欠です」(さいぼうのかくはせいめいにふかけつです). The core of the problem lies in communication「問題の核はコミュニケーションにあります」(もんだいのかくはコミュニケーションにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1991

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrance

Reading

Kanji

玄Profound, Mysterious 関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese noun '玄関 (げんかん)' refers to the entrance area of a house or building, typically where shoes are removed before entering. It is a culturally significant space in Japanese homes, often designed with a genkan step to separate the outside from the inside. For example: Please take off your shoes at the entrance「玄関で靴を脱いでください」(げんかんでくつをぬいでください). The entrance is very clean「玄関はとてもきれいです」(げんかんはとてもきれいです). This word is essential in daily life and reflects Japanese customs regarding cleanliness and respect for indoor spaces.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1993

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

You, There

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'そっち (sotchi)' is a colloquial term that can mean 'there' or 'you' depending on the context. When used to mean 'there', it refers to a place that is closer to the listener than to the speaker. For example: I'll go there「そっちに行くよ」(そっちにいくよ). When used to mean 'you', it is a casual way of referring to the person the speaker is talking to. For example: What about you?「そっちはどう？」(そっちはどう？). It's important to note that 'そっち' is informal and should be used with friends or people of equal or lower status.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1995

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Building

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビル (びる)' refers to a 'building', particularly a modern, multi-story structure often used for offices or commercial purposes. This term is derived from the English word 'building' and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin. It is commonly used in urban contexts to describe skyscrapers, office buildings, or large commercial establishments. For example: That building is tall「あのビルは高い」(あのびるはたかい). I work in that building「私はあのビルで働いています」(わたしはあのびるではたらいています). Note that 'ビル' is distinct from other terms like '建物 (たてもの)', which is a more general term for any type of building.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1996

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Computer

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コンピューター (konpyuutaa)' means 'computer'. This word is a direct loanword from English and refers to an electronic device used for processing and storing data. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I bought a new computer「新しいコンピューターを買いました」(あたらしいコンピューターをかいました). The computer is broken「コンピューターが壊れています」(コンピューターがこわれています). This word is widely understood and used in everyday conversation, especially in technological or professional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1997

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parking lot

Reading

Kanji

駐Parking, Stationed 車Car 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '駐車場 (ちゅうしゃじょう)' means 'parking lot'. It refers to a designated area where vehicles can be parked. This word is commonly used in everyday situations, such as when looking for a place to park a car. For example: The parking lot is full「駐車場がいっぱいです」(ちゅうしゃじょうがいっぱいです). Where is the parking lot?「駐車場はどこですか？」(ちゅうしゃじょうはどこですか？). The word is often seen on signs and maps, indicating the location of parking facilities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1998

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Back

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背中 (せなか)' refers to the 'back' of a person or animal. It specifically denotes the rear part of the body from the neck to the waist. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical posture, pain, or even metaphorical situations. For example: His back is straight「彼の背中はまっすぐだ」(かれのせなかはまっすぐだ). I have a pain in my back「背中が痛い」(せなかがいたい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe support or reliance, as in 'I rely on my friend's back'「友達の背中に頼る」(ともだちのせなかにたよる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2000

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sashimi

Reading

Kanji

刺Stab 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刺身 (さしみ)' refers to 'sashimi', a dish consisting of thinly sliced raw fish or seafood, often served with garnishes like shredded daikon radish and shiso leaves, and accompanied by soy sauce and wasabi. It is a staple in Japanese cuisine and highlights the freshness and quality of the seafood. Example sentences: I love sashimi「刺身が大好きです」(さしみがだいすきです). This restaurant serves delicious sashimi「このレストランは美味しい刺身を出します」(このレストランはおいしいさしみをだします). Sashimi is often eaten with soy sauce and wasabi「刺身は醤油とわさびと一緒に食べます」(さしみはしょうゆとわさびといっしょにたべます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2001

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Area

Reading

Kanji

辺Boundary, Vicinity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辺 (へん)' refers to an area, vicinity, or neighborhood. It is often used to describe a general location or region without specifying exact boundaries. For example: This area is quiet「この辺は静かです」(このへんはしずかです). Is there a convenience store around here?「この辺にコンビニはありますか？」(このへんにコンビニはありますか？). It can also imply a rough or approximate location, such as 'around here' or 'somewhere in this area.' The word is versatile and commonly used in everyday conversation to refer to places or surroundings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2002

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surprise

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'びっくり (びっくり)' means 'surprise'. It is used to express a state of being startled or amazed by something unexpected. This word is often used in casual conversations and can function as both a noun and a verb (びっくりする). For example: I was surprised by the loud noise「大きな音にびっくりした」(おおきなおとにびっくりした). That was a big surprise「それは大きなびっくりだった」(それはおおきなびっくりだった). The word can also be used to describe someone's reaction, as in 'びっくり顔 (びっくりがお) (surprised face)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2005

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bread

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パン (ぱん)' means 'bread'. This word is borrowed from Portuguese ('pão') and is widely used in modern Japanese to refer to bread in general. It can refer to various types of bread, such as sliced bread, rolls, or pastries. For example: I bought bread「パンを買いました」(ぱんをかいました). This bread is delicious「このパンはおいしい」(このぱんはおいしい). The word is commonly used in everyday conversations and is a staple in Japanese cuisine, often found in breakfast meals or as a snack.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2006

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Judo

Reading

Kanji

柔Soft, Gentle 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '柔道 (じゅうどう)' refers to the martial art of judo, which originated in Japan. Judo emphasizes using an opponent's strength and momentum against them, focusing on throws, pins, and joint locks rather than strikes. It is both a competitive sport and a method of physical and mental training. Example sentences: I practice judo「私は柔道を練習します」(わたしはじゅうどうをれんしゅうします). Judo is a traditional Japanese martial art「柔道は日本の伝統的な武道です」(じゅうどうはにほんのでんとうてきなぶどうです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2009

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After, Hereafter

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以後 (いご)' refers to a period of time starting from a specific point and continuing into the future. It is often used to indicate 'after' a particular event or time, or to mean 'hereafter' in a formal context. For example: After this incident, things changed「この事件以後、状況が変わった」(このじけんいご、じょうきょうがかわった). From now on, we will follow the new rules「以後、新しいルールに従います」(いご、あたらしいルールにしたがいます). The word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese, particularly in formal or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2010

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Military

Reading

Kanji

軍Army 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '軍事 (ぐんじ)' refers to matters related to the military or armed forces. It encompasses activities, strategies, and operations associated with warfare or defense. This term is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: The country strengthened its military「その国は軍事を強化した」(そのくにはぐんじをきょうかした). Military technology is advancing rapidly「軍事技術は急速に進歩している」(ぐんじぎじゅつはきゅうそくにしんぽしている). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '軍事力 (ぐんじりょく)' (military power) or '軍事基地 (ぐんじきち)' (military base).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2011

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bottom

Reading

Kanji

底Bottom

Explanation

The Japanese noun '底 (そこ)' means 'bottom'. This word is used to refer to the lowest part or base of something, such as a container, a body of water, or even abstract concepts like emotions. For example: the bottom of the sea「海の底」(うみのそこ). I hit rock bottom emotionally「感情の底に落ちた」(かんじょうのそこにおちた). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the lowest point of a situation or condition. For instance: the bottom of the economic recession「不況の底」(ふきょうのそこ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2015

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raincoat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レインコート (reinkouto)' means 'raincoat'. This word is a loanword from English, and it refers to a waterproof coat worn to protect against rain. It is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially during the rainy season. For example: I bought a new raincoat「新しいレインコートを買いました」(あたらしいレインコートをかいました). Don't forget your raincoat「レインコートを忘れないで」(レインコートをわすれないで). The word is typically written in katakana, as it is a foreign loanword.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2016

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginning

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初め (はじめ)' means 'beginning'. It refers to the start or commencement of something, such as an event, period, or process. This word is often used in contexts like the start of a new year, a project, or a relationship. For example: at the beginning of the year「年の初めに」(としのはじめに). Let's start from the beginning「初めから始めましょう」(はじめからはじめましょう). It can also imply the first time something is done, as in '初めまして (はじめまして)', which is a common greeting meaning 'Nice to meet you' or 'This is the first time we meet'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2018

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shogun

Reading

Kanji

将Leader, Commander 軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '将軍 (しょうぐん)' refers to the historical title of the military dictator of Japan, known as the 'shogun'. This title was used from the 12th to the 19th century, and the shogun was the de facto ruler of Japan, while the emperor was the symbolic head of state. The shogunate system was known as the 'bakufu'. Example sentences: The shogun ruled Japan for centuries「将軍は何世紀も日本を支配した」(しょうぐんはなんせいきもにほんをしはいした). The shogun's power was absolute「将軍の力は絶対的だった」(しょうぐんのちからはぜったいてきだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2020

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビジネス (びじねす)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'business'. It refers to commercial, professional, or economic activities, such as trade, commerce, or work-related endeavors. It is commonly used in contexts related to work, companies, or economic transactions. For example: Business is going well「ビジネスは順調です」(びじねすはじゅんちょうです). I study business at university「大学でビジネスを勉強しています」(だいがくでびじねすをべんきょうしています). The word is often used in formal or professional settings and can refer to both the concept of business and specific business activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2021

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '突き当たり (つきあたり)' refers to the very end or the farthest point of something, typically a path, road, or corridor. It is often used to describe the point where one can go no further, such as the end of a hallway or a street. For example: The bathroom is at the end of the hallway「トイレは廊下の突き当たりです」(トイレはろうかのつきあたりです). The store is at the end of this street「その店はこの道の突き当たりにあります」(そのみせはこのみちのつきあたりにあります). This word is commonly used in directions or when describing locations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2023

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ice, Ice cream

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アイス (あいす)' can mean either 'ice' or 'ice cream', depending on the context. When referring to frozen water, it means 'ice'. For example: put ice in the drink「飲み物にアイスを入れて」(のみものにあいすをいれて). However, in casual conversation, it is more commonly used to refer to 'ice cream'. For example: let's eat ice cream「アイスを食べよう」(あいすをたべよう). The meaning is usually clear from the situation, but if clarification is needed, 'ice cream' can be specified as 'アイスクリーム (あいすくりーむ)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2024

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Edge, Fate

Reading

Kanji

縁Relation, Edge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '縁 (えん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'fate' or 'destiny', referring to a connection or bond between people, often implying a predestined relationship. For example: We met by fate「私たちは縁で出会った」(わたしたちはえんでであった). The second meaning is 'edge' or 'rim', referring to the boundary or outer part of something. For example: The edge of the table is chipped「テーブルの縁が欠けている」(テーブルのえんがかけている). The context in which '縁' is used will determine whether it refers to fate or an edge, so pay attention to the surrounding words.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2025

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mail

Reading

Kanji

郵Mail 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese noun '郵便 (ゆうびん)' refers to 'mail' or 'postal service'. It is commonly used to describe letters, packages, or any items sent through the postal system. This word is often seen in contexts related to sending or receiving mail, post offices, or postal workers. For example: I received mail today「今日、郵便が届きました」(きょう、ゆうびんがとどきました). Please send this by mail「これを郵便で送ってください」(これをゆうびんでおくってください). The term can also be part of compound words, such as '郵便局 (ゆうびんきょく)' (post office) or '郵便配達員 (ゆうびんはいたついん)' (mail carrier).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2028

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Staff

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職員 (しょくいん)' refers to 'staff' or 'employees' of an organization, institution, or company. It is commonly used to describe people who work in a professional capacity, such as school staff, hospital staff, or office workers. For example: The staff is very helpful「職員はとても親切です」(しょくいんはとてもしんせつです). The hospital staff works hard「病院の職員は一生懸命働いています」(びょういんのしょくいんはいっしょうけんめいはたらいています). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Territory, Domain

Reading

Kanji

領Territory 域Area, Limits

Explanation

The Japanese noun '領域 (りょういき)' refers to a specific area, region, or domain. It can be used to describe physical territories, such as land or regions, as well as abstract domains, such as fields of expertise or areas of control. For example: This is the territory of our company「これは私たちの会社の領域です」(これはわたしたちのかいしゃのりょういきです). He is an expert in the field of science「彼は科学の領域の専門家です」(かれはかがくのりょういきのせんもんかです). The word can also imply boundaries or limits, such as in '侵入してはいけない領域 (しんにゅうしてはいけないりょういき) (a restricted area).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2031

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thanks

Reading

Kanji

礼Bow, Salute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '礼 (れい)' primarily means 'thanks' or 'gratitude'. It is often used in formal contexts to express appreciation or acknowledgment. This word can also refer to a bow or gesture of respect, which is a common way to show gratitude in Japanese culture. For example: He expressed his thanks「彼は礼を言った」(かれはれいをいった). She bowed in gratitude「彼女は礼をした」(かのじょはれいをした). The word is deeply tied to cultural practices of politeness and respect, making it essential in formal interactions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2032

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firetruck

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 防Prevent, Defend 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消防車 (しょうぼうしゃ)' refers to a 'firetruck', a vehicle equipped for firefighting. It is commonly used in contexts related to emergency services and firefighting. Example sentences include: The firetruck arrived quickly「消防車がすぐに到着した」(しょうぼうしゃがすぐにとうちゃくした). I saw a firetruck on the way to work「仕事に行く途中で消防車を見た」(しごとにいくとちゅうでしょうぼうしゃをみた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2034

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Apartment

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'マンション (manshon)' refers to a type of residential building, typically a modern, multi-story apartment complex. It is often used to describe high-quality or luxury apartments, as opposed to smaller or older apartments, which might be referred to as 'アパート (apaato)'. For example: I live in an apartment「私はマンションに住んでいます」(わたしはマンションにすんでいます). That apartment is expensive「あのマンションは高いです」(あのマンションはたかいです). The term 'マンション' is borrowed from the English word 'mansion', but in Japanese, it specifically refers to apartment buildings rather than standalone houses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2035

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temporary

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仮 (かり)' means 'temporary'. It is often used to describe something that is provisional or not permanent. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as temporary arrangements, provisional measures, or interim solutions. For example: This is a temporary solution「これは仮の解決策です」(これはかりのかいけつさくです). The temporary bridge was built quickly「仮の橋はすぐに作られました」(かりのはしはすぐにつくられました). It's important to note that '仮' can also be part of compound words, such as '仮名 (かな)' (kana, the Japanese syllabary) or '仮定 (かてい)' (assumption).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sightseeing

Reading

Kanji

観View 光Light

Explanation

The Japanese noun '観光 (かんこう)' refers to 'sightseeing' or 'tourism'. It is commonly used to describe the activity of visiting places of interest, especially when traveling. This word is often associated with leisure travel and exploring new destinations. For example: We went sightseeing in Kyoto「私たちは京都で観光しました」(わたしたちはきょうとでかんこうしました). Sightseeing is popular in this area「この地域では観光が人気です」(このちいきではかんこうがにんきです). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '観光地 (かんこうち)' (tourist spot) or '観光客 (かんこうきゃく)' (tourist).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2039

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世の中 (よのなか)' refers to the world or society at large. It encompasses the social environment, the way things are in the world, or the general state of affairs. This term is often used to discuss societal norms, trends, or the overall condition of the world. For example: The world is changing rapidly「世の中は急速に変わっている」(よのなかはきゅうそくにかわっている). It's tough to live in this world「この世の中に生きるのは大変だ」(このよのなかにいきるのはたいへんだ). The phrase can also imply the complexities and challenges of navigating through life and society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2040

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vegetable

Reading

Kanji

野Field 菜Vegetable

Explanation

The Japanese noun '野菜 (やさい)' means 'vegetable'. It refers to edible plants or parts of plants, typically used in cooking or eaten raw. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing food, recipes, or healthy eating. For example: I bought vegetables at the market「市場で野菜を買いました」(いちばでやさいをかいました). Vegetables are good for your health「野菜は健康に良いです」(やさいはけんこうにいいです). The term can refer to a wide variety of vegetables, including leafy greens, root vegetables, and more. It is a neutral term and does not carry any particular nuance beyond its literal meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2042

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Airmail

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'エアメール (eameeru)' refers to 'airmail', a postal service that transports mail by air. This term is commonly used when sending letters or packages internationally, as airmail is faster than standard mail services. For example: I sent the letter by airmail「手紙をエアメールで送りました」(てがみをエアメールでおくりました). Airmail is more expensive「エアメールはもっと高いです」(エアメールはもっとたかいです). The word is a loanword from English, written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2043

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bone

Reading

Kanji

骨Bone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '骨 (ほね)' primarily means 'bone'. It refers to the hard, rigid structures that form the skeleton of vertebrates. This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: I broke my bone「骨を折った」(ほねをおった). This work is the backbone of the project「この仕事はプロジェクトの骨だ」(このしごとはプロジェクトのほねだ). In metaphorical usage, it can imply the core or essential part of something, as in the second example. The word is straightforward and widely used in everyday conversation as well as in medical or scientific contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2044

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subject

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教科 (きょうか)' refers to a 'subject' in the context of education, such as a specific field of study taught in school. It is commonly used to describe academic disciplines like mathematics, science, or history. For example: My favorite subject is math「私の好きな教科は数学です」(わたしのすきなきょうかはすうがくです). We have five subjects this semester「今学期は五つの教科があります」(こんがっきはいつつのきょうかがあります). The term is often used in educational settings and is neutral in tone, applicable to both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2045

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice, Meal

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 飯Cooked rice, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '御飯 (ごはん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'rice', referring specifically to cooked rice, which is a staple food in Japanese cuisine. The second meaning is 'meal', as rice is often the central component of a traditional Japanese meal. For example: I ate rice「御飯を食べた」(ごはんをたべた). Let's have a meal「御飯を食べましょう」(ごはんをたべましょう). The word can also be used in compound words like '朝御飯 (あさごはん)' meaning 'breakfast' and '晩御飯 (ばんごはん)' meaning 'dinner'. It's important to note that while '御飯' can mean both 'rice' and 'meal', the context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2046

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Electron

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電子 (でんし)' refers to an 'electron', a subatomic particle with a negative charge. This term is commonly used in scientific contexts, particularly in physics and chemistry. It can also be part of compound words related to electronics or digital technology, such as '電子メール (でんしメール)' (email) or '電子機器 (でんしきき)' (electronic device). Example sentences: Electrons are negatively charged particles「電子は負の電荷を持った粒子です」(でんしはふのでんかをもったりゅうしです). This device uses electrons to function「この装置は電子を使って機能します」(このそうちはでんしをつかってきのうします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2047

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mechanical pencil

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'シャープペンシル (しゃーぷぺんしる)' refers to a 'mechanical pencil', a writing instrument that uses thin, replaceable leads instead of traditional pencil graphite. This term is a loanword from English, adapted to Japanese pronunciation. It is commonly used in academic and professional settings where precision is required. Example sentences: I bought a new mechanical pencil「新しいシャープペンシルを買いました」(あたらしいしゃーぷぺんしるをかいました). Can I borrow your mechanical pencil?「シャープペンシルを貸してもらえますか？」(しゃーぷぺんしるをかしてもらえますか？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2048

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cotton

Reading

Kanji

木Tree, Wood 綿Cotton

Explanation

The Japanese noun '木綿 (もめん)' refers to 'cotton', specifically the material or fabric made from cotton. It is commonly used in contexts related to clothing, textiles, and everyday items. For example: This shirt is made of cotton「このシャツは木綿です」(このシャツはもめんです). Cotton is soft and comfortable「木綿は柔らかくて快適です」(もめんはやわらかくてかいてきです). The word can also refer to cotton plants or cotton fibers, but its primary usage is in describing cotton fabric.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2049

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Kanji

座Sit, Seat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '座 (ざ)' primarily means 'seat'. It refers to a place where someone sits, such as in a theater, a meeting, or any gathering. This word is often used in formal contexts or when referring to seating arrangements. For example: Please take your seat「どうぞお座りください」(どうぞおすわりください). The seats in the theater are comfortable「劇場の座は快適です」(げきじょうのざはかいてきです). Additionally, '座' can also refer to a group or association, particularly in traditional Japanese arts like Noh or Kabuki, where it denotes a troupe or guild. For example: He belongs to a famous Noh troupe「彼は有名な能の座に所属しています」(かれはゆうめいなのうのざにしょぞくしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2050

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coffee

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コーヒー (こうひー)' means 'coffee'. It refers to the popular beverage made from roasted coffee beans. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, especially in contexts related to drinking, cafes, or preferences. For example: I drink coffee every morning「毎朝コーヒーを飲みます」(まいあさこうひーをのみます). This coffee is delicious「このコーヒーはおいしい」(このこうひーはおいしい). The word is written in katakana, as it is a loanword from the English 'coffee'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2052

Composition

katakana

Handwriting