Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Tip, Cutting edge

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 端End, Edge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先端 (せんたん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'tip', referring to the end or extremity of something, such as the tip of a pencil or a mountain peak. For example: the tip of the pencil is sharp「鉛筆の先端は鋭い」(えんぴつのせんたんはするどい). The second meaning is 'cutting-edge', referring to the forefront of technology, research, or innovation. For example: this company is at the cutting edge of technology「この会社は技術の先端にいる」(このかいしゃはぎじゅつのせんたんにいる). The context will determine which meaning is appropriate.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4155

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loan

Reading

Kanji

融Fuse, Dissolve 資Capital, Resources

Explanation

The Japanese noun '融資 (ゆうし)' refers to a 'loan' or 'financing'. It is commonly used in financial contexts to describe the act of lending money, often by banks or financial institutions. This term is neutral and can refer to both personal and business loans. For example: The bank approved the loan「銀行は融資を承認した」(ぎんこうはゆうしをしょうにんした). We need financing for the project「そのプロジェクトに融資が必要です」(そのプロジェクトにゆうしがひつようです). Note that '融資' is often used in formal or business settings and implies a structured financial agreement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4156

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ワード (waado)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'word'. It is commonly used in contexts related to language, computing, or general communication. For example: I don't understand this word「このワードがわかりません」(このワードがわかりません). Please type the word here「ここにワードを入力してください」(ここにワードをにゅうりょくしてください). The term is often used in technology-related contexts, such as referring to Microsoft Word or other word-processing software.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4157

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tuition

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 謝Apologize

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月謝 (げっしゃ)' refers to a monthly fee or payment, most commonly used in the context of tuition for lessons, classes, or training. It is often associated with extracurricular activities like music lessons, sports clubs, or language schools. For example: I pay monthly tuition for piano lessons「ピアノの月謝を払っています」(ぴあののげっしゃをはらっています). The monthly fee for the swimming club is expensive「スイミングクラブの月謝は高いです」(すいみんぐくらぶのげっしゃはたかいです). This term is specific to regular, recurring payments and is not used for one-time fees or general expenses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4162

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Federation

Reading

Kanji

連Take along 邦State, Japan

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連邦 (れんぽう)' refers to a 'federation', which is a political entity characterized by a union of partially self-governing states or regions under a central federal government. This term is often used in the context of political science and international relations to describe countries like the United States or Russia, which are federations. For example: The United States is a federation「アメリカは連邦です」(アメリカはれんぽうです). Russia is also a federation「ロシアも連邦です」(ロシアもれんぽうです). The term can also be used in historical contexts, such as referring to the Holy Roman Empire as a federation「神聖ローマ帝国は連邦でした」(しんせいローマていこくはれんぽうでした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4164

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intonation

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'イントネーション (intoneeshon)' refers to the rise and fall of the voice in speech, which is crucial for conveying meaning and emotion in spoken language. This term is often used in the context of language learning, linguistics, and music. For example: Her intonation is very clear「彼女のイントネーションはとてもはっきりしている」(かのじょのイントネーションはとてもはっきりしている). The intonation of this sentence is rising「この文のイントネーションは上がっている」(このぶんのイントネーションはあがっている). It's important to note that intonation can significantly affect the meaning of a sentence in Japanese, as it does in many languages.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4165

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doubt

Reading

Kanji

疑Doubt, Suspect

Explanation

The Japanese noun '疑い (うたがい)' means 'doubt'. It refers to a feeling of uncertainty or lack of conviction about something. This word is often used in contexts where there is suspicion or skepticism about a situation, statement, or person. For example: There is no doubt about his innocence「彼の無実に疑いはない」(かれのむじつにうたがいがない). She had doubts about the plan「彼女はその計画に疑いを持っていた」(かのじょはそのけいかくにうたがいをもっていた). The word can also imply suspicion, as in '疑いをかける (うたがいをかける)', which means 'to cast doubt on' or 'to suspect'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4167

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sign, Symbol

Reading

Kanji

記Record 号Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '記号 (きごう)' refers to a 'symbol' or 'sign'. It is used to describe a mark, character, or visual representation that conveys meaning, often in a concise or abstract way. This word is commonly used in contexts such as mathematics, music, or written language. For example: The symbol for infinity is interesting「無限の記号は面白い」(むげんのきごうはおもしろい). Musical notation uses many signs「楽譜には多くの記号が使われている」(がくふにはおおくのきごうがつかわれている). Note that '記号' can also refer to punctuation marks or other visual indicators in written text.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4168

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stamina

Reading

Kanji

体Body 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '体力 (たいりょく)' refers to physical strength, stamina, or endurance. It is commonly used to describe one's physical ability to perform tasks or endure physical exertion. For example: I need to build up my stamina「体力をつけなければならない」(たいりょくをつけなければならない). He has a lot of stamina「彼は体力がある」(かれはたいりょくがある). This word is often used in contexts related to sports, work, or health, emphasizing the physical aspect of endurance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4169

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alcohol

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アルコール (arukouru)' refers to 'alcohol'. This term is commonly used to describe alcoholic beverages or the chemical substance ethanol. It can also refer to alcohol in a medical or industrial context, such as rubbing alcohol. For example: I don't drink alcohol「私はアルコールを飲みません」(わたしはアルコールをのみません). This disinfectant contains alcohol「この消毒液にはアルコールが含まれています」(このしょうどくえきにはアルコールがふくまれています). The word is a direct borrowing from the Dutch word 'alcohol', and it is widely understood in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4170

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enactment

Reading

Kanji

制System, Control 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '制定 (せいてい)' refers to the act of establishing, enacting, or formulating laws, rules, or systems. It is commonly used in legal, governmental, or organizational contexts to describe the creation of formal regulations or frameworks. For example: the enactment of a new law「新しい法律の制定」(あたらしいほうりつのせいてい). The company established new rules「会社は新しい規則を制定した」(かいしゃはあたらしいきそくをせいていした). This term emphasizes the formal and official nature of the process.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4171

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alliance

Reading

Kanji

同Same 盟Alliance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同盟 (どうめい)' means 'alliance'. It refers to a formal agreement or partnership between two or more parties, often for mutual benefit or to achieve a common goal. This term is commonly used in political, military, or business contexts. For example: The two countries formed an alliance「その二つの国は同盟を結んだ」(そのふたつのくにはどうめいをむすんだ). The companies entered into a strategic alliance「その企業は戦略的同盟を結んだ」(そのきぎょうはせんりゃくてきどうめいをむすんだ). The nuance of '同盟' often implies a formal and binding relationship, distinguishing it from more casual partnerships or collaborations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4172

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Estimation

Reading

Kanji

推Infer 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '推定 (すいてい)' refers to an estimation, inference, or presumption based on available information or evidence. It is commonly used in contexts such as statistics, law, or general reasoning to describe a calculated guess or assumption. For example: The population estimation is 10 million「人口の推定は1000万人です」(じんこうのすいていはせんまんにんです). The court made a presumption of innocence「裁判所は無罪の推定をした」(さいばんしょはむざいのすいていをした). This term often implies a logical or scientific basis for the estimation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4178

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Molecule

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分子 (ぶんし)' primarily means 'molecule', referring to the smallest unit of a chemical compound that retains its chemical properties. It is commonly used in scientific contexts, particularly in chemistry and physics. For example: Water is made up of molecules「水は分子でできている」(みずはぶんしでできている). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe a fundamental part or element of something, though this usage is less common. For instance: He is a key molecule in the organization「彼は組織の重要な分子だ」(かれはそしきのじゅうようなぶんしだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4179

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

User

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ユーザー (yuuzaa)' means 'user'. It is a loanword from English, commonly used in contexts related to technology, software, and services. For example: this app has many users「このアプリはユーザーが多い」(このアプリはユーザーがおおい). The user interface is easy to use「ユーザーインターフェースは使いやすい」(ユーザーインターフェースはつかいやすい). It can also refer to users of products or services in general, such as in: the company values its users「その会社はユーザーを大切にしている」(そのかいしゃはユーザーをたいせつにしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4180

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Front

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前方 (ぜんぽう)' means 'front' or 'forward direction'. It is used to indicate the area or direction that is ahead or in front of something. This word is often used in contexts related to movement, orientation, or spatial awareness. For example: look to the front「前方を見て」(ぜんぽうをみて). The car is moving forward「車は前方に進んでいる」(くるまはぜんぽうにすすんでいる). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as 'future' or 'ahead in time', but this usage is less common. The word is typically used in formal or written contexts rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4185

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spirit

Reading

Kanji

霊Spirits

Explanation

The Japanese noun '霊 (れい)' refers to a 'spirit' or 'soul', often in a supernatural or religious context. It can denote the spirit of a deceased person, a ghost, or a spiritual entity. This word is commonly used in discussions about the afterlife, folklore, or spiritual practices. For example: the spirit of the deceased「亡くなった人の霊」(なくなったひとのれい). She believes in spirits「彼女は霊を信じている」(かのじょはれいをしんじている). It can also appear in compound words like '霊感 (れいかん)' (spiritual intuition) or '霊界 (れいかい)' (spirit world). Note that '霊' carries a nuanced, often mystical connotation and is distinct from more casual terms like '幽霊 (ゆうれい)' (ghost).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4186

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indoors

Reading

Kanji

室Room 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '室内 (しつない)' refers to the 'inside of a room' or 'indoors'. It is commonly used to describe activities, events, or conditions that take place inside a building or enclosed space. For example: Let's stay indoors「室内にいましょう」(しつないにいましょう). The indoor temperature is comfortable「室内の温度は快適です」(しつないのおんどはかいてきです). This word is often used in contrast to '室外 (しつがい)', which means 'outdoors'. It can also be used in compound words like '室内遊び (しつないあそび)' (indoor play) or '室内温度 (しつないおんど)' (indoor temperature).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4191

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kitchen

Reading

Kanji

台Pedestal, Machine 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '台所 (だいどころ)' refers to a 'kitchen', the room or area where food is prepared and cooked. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe the space in a home or restaurant where cooking takes place. For example: The kitchen is clean「台所はきれいです」(だいどころはきれいです). I am cooking in the kitchen「台所で料理をしています」(だいどころでりょうりをしています). The word can also imply the financial situation of a household, as in '家の台所 (いえのだいどころ)' meaning 'household finances', though this usage is less common in modern conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4192

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Will

Reading

Kanji

遺Leave behind 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遺言 (ゆいごん)' refers to a 'will' or 'testament', specifically a legal document that states a person's wishes regarding the distribution of their property and the care of any minor children after their death. It can also refer to a dying wish or last words. For example: He left a will「彼は遺言を残した」(かれはゆいごんをのこした). The will was read after the funeral「遺言は葬式の後に読まれた」(ゆいごんはそうしきのあとによまれた). It's important to note that this word is often used in legal contexts, but can also be used more generally to refer to a person's final wishes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4193

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passive, Defenselessness

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受け身 (うけみ)' primarily means 'passive', referring to a state of being acted upon rather than acting. It is often used in contexts such as grammar (passive voice) or martial arts (a defensive stance). Additionally, it can imply a sense of defenselessness or vulnerability. Example sentences: He always takes a passive stance in arguments「彼はいつも議論で受け身だ」(かれはいつもぎろんでうけみだ). In judo, mastering the passive stance is crucial「柔道では受け身をマスターすることが重要だ」(じゅうどうではうけみをますたーすることがじゅうようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4195

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Signal

Reading

Kanji

信Trust 号Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '信号 (しんごう)' primarily means 'signal'. It is commonly used to refer to traffic signals, such as traffic lights, but can also refer to other types of signals, such as electrical signals or communication signals. For example: The traffic signal turned red「信号が赤になった」(しんごうがあかになった). The signal is weak「信号が弱い」(しんごうがよわい). This word is often used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing traffic or technology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elderly

Reading

Kanji

年Year 寄Draw near

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年寄り (としより)' refers to an elderly person or someone who is old. It is a respectful term used to describe senior citizens, often implying wisdom and experience. However, it can sometimes carry a slightly informal or colloquial tone depending on the context. For example: The elderly are respected in this town「この町では年寄りが尊敬されている」(このまちではとしよりがそんけいされている). My grandmother is an elderly woman「私の祖母は年寄りです」(わたしのそぼはとしよりです). The term is commonly used in discussions about aging, care for the elderly, or generational differences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4199

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Orchid

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ラン (ran)' refers to an orchid, a type of flowering plant known for its vibrant and diverse blooms. This word is commonly used in contexts related to botany, gardening, and floral arrangements. For example: The orchid is beautiful「そのランは美しい」(そのランはうつくしい). I bought an orchid for my mother「母にランを買った」(ははにランをかった). It's important to note that 'ラン' specifically refers to orchids and is not used for other types of flowers.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4200

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refrigeration

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 蔵Storehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '冷蔵 (れいぞう)' refers to the process or state of refrigeration. It is commonly used in contexts related to food preservation, such as storing items in a refrigerator. For example: I put the vegetables in the refrigerator「野菜を冷蔵した」(やさいをれいぞうした). The meat needs refrigeration「肉は冷蔵が必要だ」(にくはれいぞうがひつようだ). This term is often seen in compound words like '冷蔵庫 (れいぞうこ)', which means 'refrigerator'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sitting

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あぐら' refers to a traditional sitting posture where one sits cross-legged on the floor, often used in informal or relaxed settings. This posture is common in Japan, especially when sitting on tatami mats. For example: he sat cross-legged「彼はあぐらをかいた」(かれはあぐらをかいた). She sat cross-legged on the tatami mat「彼女は畳の上であぐらをかいた」(かのじょはたたみのうえであぐらをかいた). The term can also imply a relaxed or informal attitude, as in 'あぐらをかく' (to sit cross-legged), which metaphorically means to take things easy or be complacent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4205

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obstetrics

Reading

Kanji

産Give birth 婦Lady 人Person 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '産婦人科 (さんふじんか)' refers to the medical field of 'obstetrics and gynecology'. It is a combined term used to describe the branch of medicine that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (産科, obstetrics) as well as the health of the female reproductive system (婦人科, gynecology). This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals or clinics. Example sentences: She works in obstetrics and gynecology「彼女は産婦人科で働いています」(かのじょはさんふじんかではたらいています). I have an appointment at the obstetrics and gynecology department「産婦人科の予約があります」(さんふじんかのよやくがあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4206

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wife

Reading

Kanji

奥Core, Heart 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奥様 (おくさま)' is a polite and respectful term used to refer to someone else's wife. It is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as when addressing or referring to the wife of a superior, a customer, or someone of higher social status. The term carries a sense of deference and respect. For example: His wife is very kind「奥様はとても優しいです」(おくさまはとてもやさしいです). Please give my regards to your wife「奥様によろしくお伝えください」(おくさまによろしくおつたえください). It is important to note that '奥様' is not typically used to refer to one's own wife; instead, terms like '妻 (つま)' or '家内 (かない)' are more commonly used in such cases.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Each other

Reading

Kanji

互Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お互い (おたがい)' means 'each other' or 'mutually'. It is used to describe a reciprocal relationship or action between two or more parties. This word is often used in contexts where people are doing something for or to each other. For example: We should help each other「私たちはお互いを助けるべきです」(わたしたちはおたがいをたすけるべきです). They respect each other「彼らはお互いを尊重します」(かれらはおたがいをそんちょうします). 'お互い' can also imply a sense of shared understanding or commonality, as in 'お互い様 (おたがいさま)', which means 'it's mutual' or 'we're in the same boat'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4208

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alternation

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 互Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '交互 (こうご)' refers to the concept of alternation or taking turns. It is used to describe situations where two or more things occur or are done in succession, one after the other. For example: We took turns reading the book「私たちは交互に本を読みました」(わたしたちはこうごにほんをよみました). The traffic lights alternate between red and green「信号は赤と緑に交互に変わります」(しんごうはあかとみどりにこうごにかわります). This term is often used in contexts involving sequences, patterns, or reciprocal actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transition

Reading

Kanji

移Move, Transfer 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '移行 (いこう)' means 'transition'. It refers to the process of changing from one state, condition, or system to another. This word is often used in contexts such as technology, business, or social changes. For example: the transition to a new system「新しいシステムへの移行」(あたらしいシステムへのいこう). The transition period was challenging「移行期間は大変だった」(いこうきかんはたいへんだった). It can also be used in broader contexts, such as the transition from one era to another「時代の移行」(じだいのいこう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4211

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probability

Reading

Kanji

確Certain 率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '確率 (かくりつ)' means 'probability'. It refers to the likelihood or chance of an event occurring, often expressed numerically or as a percentage. This term is commonly used in mathematics, statistics, and everyday conversations when discussing uncertain outcomes. For example: the probability of rain is high「雨の確率が高い」(あめのかくりつがたかい). What is the probability of winning?「勝つ確率はどれくらいですか？」(かつのかくりつはどれくらいですか？). It can also be used in contexts like gambling or risk assessment, such as 'the probability of success is low'「成功する確率は低い」(せいこうするかくりつはひくい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4212

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agreement

Reading

Kanji

協Cooperate 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '協定 (きょうてい)' refers to a formal agreement or pact between parties, often used in legal, political, or business contexts. It implies a mutual understanding or arrangement that has been officially established. For example: The two countries signed a trade agreement「両国は貿易協定に調印した」(りょうこくはぼうえききょうていにちょういんした). The company reached an agreement with the union「会社は労働組合と協定を結んだ」(かいしゃはろうどうくみあいときょうていをむすんだ). This term is commonly used in formal settings and emphasizes the binding nature of the agreement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corner

Reading

Kanji

隅Corner, Nook

Explanation

The Japanese noun '隅 (すみ)' refers to a 'corner' or 'nook', typically describing the corner of a room, a street, or any space where two sides meet. It can also metaphorically refer to something being out of the way or overlooked. For example: There is a chair in the corner of the room「部屋の隅に椅子がある」(へやのすみにいすがある). He sat in a quiet corner of the café「彼はカフェの静かな隅に座った」(かれはカフェのしずかなすみにすわった). The word can also imply a sense of being hidden or unnoticed, as in '隅に追いやられる (すみにおいやられる)', meaning 'to be pushed to the sidelines'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4218

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Kanji

谷Valley

Explanation

The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Silence

Reading

Kanji

沈Sink 黙Silent, Shut up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '沈黙 (ちんもく)' means 'silence'. It refers to the absence of speech or sound, often implying a deliberate or meaningful quietness. This word can be used in various contexts, such as during a moment of reflection, in a tense situation, or to describe someone who is not speaking. For example: The silence was unbearable「沈黙が耐えられなかった」(ちんもくがたえられなかった). He broke the silence with his voice「彼は声で沈黙を破った」(かれはこえでちんもくをやぶった). '沈黙' can also carry a deeper connotation, such as in the phrase '沈黙は金' (ちんもくはきん), which translates to 'silence is golden', emphasizing the value of staying quiet in certain situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Waist

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ウエスト (うえすと)' refers to the 'waist' of a person. It is commonly used in contexts related to clothing, fitness, or body measurements. For example: Her waist is slim「彼女のウエストは細い」(かのじょのうえすとはほそい). This skirt fits my waist perfectly「このスカートは私のウエストにぴったり」(このすかーとはわたしのうえすとにぴったり). The word is often used in fashion or health-related discussions, and it is a loanword derived from the English 'waist'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4228

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certification, Recognition

Reading

Kanji

認Recognize, Admit 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '認定 (にんてい)' refers to the act of officially recognizing or certifying something. It is commonly used in contexts involving formal approval, accreditation, or acknowledgment. For example: The product received official certification「その製品は認定を受けました」(そのせいひんはにんていをうけました). His skills were recognized by the organization「彼のスキルはその組織に認定されました」(かれのスキルはそのそしきににんていされました). This term is often used in professional, educational, or legal settings to denote formal validation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Can

Reading

Kanji

缶Can, Tin can

Explanation

The Japanese noun '缶 (かん)' refers to a 'can', typically a metal container used for storing food, beverages, or other items. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when referring to canned drinks or food. For example: I bought a can of coffee「コーヒーの缶を買いました」(コーヒーのかんをかいました). Please throw away the empty can「空き缶を捨ててください」(あきかんをすててください). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '缶詰 (かんづめ)' meaning 'canned food'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Event

Reading

Kanji

行Go 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行事 (ぎょうじ)' refers to an event, ceremony, or function, often one that is organized or traditional. It is commonly used to describe school events, festivals, or official ceremonies. For example: The school festival is a big event「学校の行事は大きなイベントです」(がっこうのぎょうじはおおきなイベントです). We have a traditional event every year「毎年伝統的な行事があります」(まいとしでんとうてきなぎょうじがあります). This word is often used in contexts where the event has a formal or customary significance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Residence

Reading

Kanji

居Reside, Be 住Live

Explanation

The Japanese noun '居住 (きょじゅう)' refers to the act of living or residing in a particular place. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe one's place of residence or habitation. For example: His residence is in Tokyo「彼の居住地は東京です」(かれのきょじゅうちはとうきょうです). The city has a high population of foreign residents「その都市には外国人の居住者が多い」(そのとしにはがいこくじんのきょじゅうしゃがおおい). This term is commonly used in official documents or discussions about demographics and housing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organ

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オルガン (orugan)' refers to a musical instrument known as an organ. It typically describes large keyboard instruments, such as pipe organs or electronic organs, used in churches, concert halls, or homes. For example: The church has a beautiful organ「教会には美しいオルガンがある」(きょうかいにはうつくしいオルガンがある). She plays the organ every Sunday「彼女は毎週日曜日にオルガンを弾く」(かのじょはまいしゅうにちようびにオルガンをひく). Note that 'オルガン' is a loanword derived from the English 'organ' and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4241

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Possession

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保有 (ほゆう)' refers to the act of possessing or holding something, often in a formal or legal context. It is commonly used in discussions about ownership, such as property, assets, or rights. For example: The company has possession of the land「その会社はその土地を保有している」(そのかいしゃはそのとちをほゆうしている). He holds a large number of shares「彼は多くの株を保有している」(かれはおおくのかぶをほゆうしている). This term is often used in legal, financial, or business contexts to describe ownership or control over something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Court

Reading

Kanji

裁Judge 判Judge, Stamp 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裁判所 (さいばんしょ)' refers to a 'court', specifically a judicial institution where legal cases are heard and decided. This term is commonly used in legal contexts and can refer to various types of courts, such as district courts, high courts, or the Supreme Court. For example: The case was brought to court「その事件は裁判所に持ち込まれた」(そのじけんはさいばんしょにもちこまれた). The court ruled in favor of the plaintiff「裁判所は原告に有利な判決を下した」(さいばんしょはげんこくにゆうりなはんけつをくだした). It's important to note that '裁判所' is a formal term and is used in both written and spoken Japanese when discussing legal matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complaint, Lawsuit

Reading

Kanji

訴Sue, Appeal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '訴え (うったえ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'complaint', referring to an expression of dissatisfaction or grievance. For example: He filed a complaint about the noise「彼は騒音についての訴えを提出した」(かれはそうおんについてのうったえをていしゅつした). The second meaning is 'lawsuit', referring to a legal action brought in a court of law. For example: The company faced a lawsuit「その会社は訴えに直面した」(そのかいしゃはうったえにちょくめんした). The context in which '訴え' is used will determine whether it refers to a complaint or a legal action.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4249

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Care

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ケア (kea)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'care'. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, well-being, or maintenance. For example, it can refer to medical care, skincare, or emotional care. Example sentences: She needs special care「彼女は特別なケアが必要です」(かのじょはとくべつなケアがひつようです). I take care of my skin「私は肌のケアをします」(わたしははだのケアをします). The word is often used in compound terms like 'ヘルスケア (herusu kea)' (healthcare) or 'スキンケア (sukin kea)' (skincare).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4251

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Housework

Reading

Kanji

家House 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家事 (かじ)' refers to 'housework' or 'domestic chores'. It encompasses tasks typically done to maintain a household, such as cleaning, cooking, laundry, and other daily chores. This word is commonly used in contexts related to managing a home or discussing responsibilities within a household. For example: I do housework every day「私は毎日家事をします」(わたしはまいにちかじをします). Housework is tiring「家事は疲れます」(かじはつかれます). The term can also be used in phrases like '家事の分担 (かじのぶんたん)' (division of housework) to discuss sharing responsibilities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last year

Reading

Kanji

昨Yesterday, Previous 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昨年 (さくねん)' means 'last year.' It is used to refer to the year immediately preceding the current year. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to discuss past events or activities. For example: Last year I was traveling in Japan 「昨年は日本を旅行していました」 (さくねんはにほんをりょこうしていました). Last year's sales were higher than this year's 「昨年の売り上げは今年より高かった」 (さくねんのうりあげはことしよりたかかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reason

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理性 (りせい)' refers to 'reason' or 'rationality'. It is used to describe the human capacity for logical thinking, judgment, and decision-making, often in contrast to emotions or instincts. This word is commonly used in philosophical, psychological, or everyday contexts to discuss rational thought. For example: He acted based on reason「彼は理性に基づいて行動した」(かれはりせいにもとづいてこうどうした). Losing reason in anger is dangerous「怒りで理性を失うのは危険だ」(いかりでりせいをうしなうのはきけんだ). The word can also imply self-control or the ability to think calmly and logically.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Minority

Reading

Kanji

少Few 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '少数 (しょうすう)' means 'minority'. It refers to a small number or a small group of people or things within a larger group. This term is often used in contexts such as statistics, demographics, or discussions about opinions or preferences. For example: the minority opinion「少数の意見」(しょうすうのいけん). A minority of students attended the event「少数の学生がイベントに参加した」(しょうすうのがくせいがイベントにさんかした). It can also be used to describe a small quantity of something, such as '少数の本 (しょうすうのほん) (a small number of books)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4256

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Presentation

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '提示 (ていじ)' refers to the act of presenting or showing something, often in a formal or official context. It is commonly used when providing evidence, documents, or information to support a claim or request. For example: Please present your ID「提示してください」(ていじしてください). The lawyer presented new evidence「弁護士は新しい証拠を提示した」(べんごしはあたらしいしょうこをていじした). This word is often used in legal, business, or academic settings where formal presentation of information is required.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desire

Reading

Kanji

欲Desire, Longing 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '欲望 (よくぼう)' means 'desire'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. This word is often used in contexts related to human emotions, ambitions, or cravings, and it can encompass both physical and emotional desires. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への欲望は強い」(かれのせいこうへのよくぼうはつよい). She couldn't control her desire for sweets「彼女は甘いものへの欲望を抑えられなかった」(かのじょはあまいものへのよくぼうをおさえられなかった). The word can also be used in philosophical or psychological discussions to describe innate human drives.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Apple

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'リンゴ (りんご)' means 'apple'. It refers to the fruit of the apple tree, which is commonly consumed worldwide. In Japanese culture, apples are often associated with health and are a popular snack or ingredient in desserts. Example sentences: I ate an apple「リンゴを食べた」(りんごをたべた). This apple is sweet「このリンゴは甘い」(このりんごはあまい). Apples are red「リンゴは赤い」(りんごはあかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4259

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Production

Reading

Kanji

制System, Control 作Make

Explanation

The Japanese noun '制作 (せいさく)' refers to the act of creating or producing something, often used in the context of art, media, or creative works. It emphasizes the process of bringing something into existence, such as a film, artwork, or program. For example: The production of this movie took two years「この映画の制作には2年かかりました」(このえいがのせいさくにはにねんかかりました). He is in charge of the production of the TV show「彼はそのテレビ番組の制作を担当しています」(かれはそのテレビばんぐみのせいさくをたんとうしています). This word is commonly used in professional or artistic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

String

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ひも (himo)' refers to a 'string' or 'cord'. It is commonly used to describe thin, flexible materials used for tying or binding objects. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as shoelaces, ropes, or even metaphorical ties. For example: Please tie the string tightly「ひもをしっかり結んでください」(ひもをしっかりむすんでください). The string broke「ひもが切れた」(ひもがきれた). Additionally, 'ひも' can sometimes be used colloquially to refer to someone who is financially dependent on another, though this usage is more informal and context-specific.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4262

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quality

Reading

Kanji

品Product 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '品質 (ひんしつ)' refers to the quality of something, particularly in terms of its characteristics, standards, or level of excellence. It is commonly used in contexts related to products, materials, or services to describe how good or bad they are. For example: The quality of this product is high「この製品の品質は高い」(このせいひんのひんしつはたかい). We need to improve the quality「品質を改善する必要がある」(ひんしつをかいぜんするひつようがある). This word is often used in business or manufacturing settings to discuss the standards of goods or services.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4263

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Academic society

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学会 (がっかい)' refers to an academic society or association, typically composed of scholars and researchers in a specific field. These organizations often hold conferences, publish journals, and facilitate the exchange of knowledge among members. For example: I attended an academic society conference「学会の会議に出席しました」(がっかいのかいぎにしゅっせきしました). She is a member of the medical academic society「彼女は医学の学会のメンバーです」(かのじょはいがくのがっかいのメンバーです). The term can also sometimes refer to the academic world or scholarly community in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Myth

Reading

Kanji

神God 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神話 (しんわ)' means 'myth'. It refers to traditional stories or legends, often involving gods, supernatural beings, or ancient heroes, that explain cultural beliefs, natural phenomena, or historical events. This word is commonly used in contexts related to folklore, history, or literature. For example: Greek myths are fascinating「ギリシャの神話は面白い」(ギリシャのしんわはおもしろい). This myth explains the origin of the world「この神話は世界の起源を説明する」(このしんわはせかいのきげんをせつめいする). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe widely held but false beliefs or ideas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4267

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Renewal

Reading

Kanji

更Renew, Grow late 新New

Explanation

The Japanese noun '更新 (こうしん)' primarily means 'renewal'. It is commonly used in contexts where something is being updated, refreshed, or extended. For example, it can refer to renewing a contract, updating software, or extending a subscription. Example sentences: I renewed my contract「契約を更新しました」(けいやくをこうしんしました). The software has been updated「ソフトウェアが更新されました」(ソフトウェアがこうしんされました). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, technology, or legal matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4272

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salary man

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サラリーマン (sarariiman)' refers to a salaried office worker, typically a male employee who works for a company. This term is often used to describe the stereotypical Japanese corporate worker who commutes daily, works long hours, and is dedicated to their company. It carries cultural connotations of diligence, loyalty, and sometimes overwork. For example: He is a typical salaryman「彼は典型的なサラリーマンです」(かれはてんけいてきなサラリーマンです). Salarymen often work overtime「サラリーマンはよく残業します」(サラリーマンはよくざんぎょうします). The term is deeply embedded in Japanese work culture and is often associated with the image of a man in a suit carrying a briefcase.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4273

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Report, Declaration

Reading

Kanji

申Report 告Announce

Explanation

The Japanese noun '申告 (しんこく)' refers to the act of reporting or declaring something, often in an official or formal context. It is commonly used in situations such as tax reporting, customs declarations, or notifying authorities about specific information. For example: I filed a tax report「税金の申告をしました」(ぜいきんのしんこくをしました). Please declare any prohibited items「禁止されている物を申告してください」(きんしされているものをしんこくしてください). The word carries a formal tone and is typically used in legal, financial, or bureaucratic settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4279

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organization, Formation

Reading

Kanji

編Edit, Knit 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese noun '編成 (へんせい)' can mean 'formation' or 'organization', depending on the context. It is often used to describe the arrangement or structuring of groups, teams, or systems. For example, in the context of a sports team, it refers to the formation of players. In a business or organizational context, it refers to the structuring of departments or teams. Example sentences: The formation of the soccer team was changed「サッカーチームの編成が変わった」(サッカーチームのへんせいがかわった). The organization of the company is very efficient「会社の編成はとても効率的だ」(かいしゃのへんせいはとてもこうりつてきだ). Note that '編成' is often used in formal or technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hill

Reading

Kanji

丘Hill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '丘 (おか)' means 'hill'. This word refers to a naturally raised area of land, not as high as a mountain, often with a rounded top. It is commonly used to describe geographical features in landscapes. For example: There is a small hill near my house「私の家の近くに小さな丘があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにちいさなおかがあります). We had a picnic on the hill「丘の上でピクニックをしました」(おかのうえでぴくにっくをしました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a gentle rise or elevation in various contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rough

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ざらざら (zarazara)' describes a rough or coarse texture. It is often used to describe surfaces or materials that feel uneven or gritty to the touch. For example: the sandpaper feels rough「紙やすりはざらざらしている」(かみやすりはざらざらしている). The surface of the stone is rough「石の表面はざらざらだ」(いしのひょうめんはざらざらだ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that feels unrefined or harsh, such as a voice or a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4286

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hydrogen

Reading

Kanji

水Water 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水素 (すいそ)' means 'hydrogen'. It refers to the chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1, which is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. This term is commonly used in scientific contexts, such as chemistry and physics. For example: Hydrogen is the lightest element「水素は最も軽い元素です」(すいそはもっともかるいげんそです). Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen「水は水素と酸素でできている」(みずはすいそとさんそでできている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4287

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coal

Reading

Kanji

石Stone 炭Charcoal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '石炭 (せきたん)' refers to 'coal', a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock used as a fuel. This word is commonly used in contexts related to energy, mining, or historical references to industrialization. For example: Coal is an important energy resource「石炭は重要なエネルギー資源です」(せきたんはじゅうようなエネルギーしげんです). They used coal to heat the house「彼らは家を暖めるために石炭を使いました」(かれらはいえをあたためるためにせきたんをつかいました). The word is neutral in tone and is typically used in technical, historical, or everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hall

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ホール (houru)' refers to a 'hall', typically a large room or building used for events, gatherings, or performances. It is often used in contexts such as concert halls, banquet halls, or event spaces. For example: The concert will be held in the hall「コンサートはホールで行われます」(コンサートはホールでおこなわれます). This hall is very spacious「このホールはとても広いです」(このホールはとてもひろいです). The word is borrowed from English and retains a similar meaning, but it is specifically used in Japanese to describe large, formal spaces.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4291

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Official

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '役人 (やくにん)' refers to a government official or civil servant. This term is used to describe someone who works in a public office or holds a position of authority within a government organization. It can be used in various contexts, such as discussing local, national, or bureaucratic roles. For example: The official inspected the documents「役人が書類を検査した」(やくにんがしょるいをけんさした). He became a government official「彼は役人になった」(かれはやくにんになった). The term carries a neutral to formal tone and is often associated with administrative or regulatory duties.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shore

Reading

Kanji

岸Beach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '岸 (きし)' refers to the 'shore' or 'bank' of a body of water, such as a river, lake, or sea. It is used to describe the land at the edge of the water. For example: The boat is near the shore「ボートは岸の近くにある」(ボートはきしのちかくにある). We walked along the riverbank「私たちは川の岸を歩いた」(わたしたちはかわのきしをあるいた). This word is commonly used in both natural and urban settings to describe the boundary between land and water.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bag

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バッグ (baggu)' means 'bag'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used to refer to various types of bags, such as handbags, backpacks, or shopping bags. This word is widely understood in everyday conversation and is often used in contexts related to fashion, travel, or daily use. For example: I bought a new bag「新しいバッグを買いました」(あたらしいバッグをかいました). Her bag is very stylish「彼女のバッグはとてもおしゃれです」(かのじょのバッグはとてもおしゃれです). The word 'バッグ' is typically written in katakana to emphasize its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4294

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smog

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スモッグ (sumoggu)' refers to 'smog', which is a type of air pollution caused by a mixture of smoke and fog. This term is often used in environmental discussions and urban contexts to describe the hazy, polluted air that can be harmful to health. For example: The city is covered in smog「街はスモッグに覆われている」(まちはスモッグにおおわれている). Smog is a serious problem in urban areas「スモッグは都市部での深刻な問題です」(スモッグはとしぶでのしんこくなもんだいです). The word 'スモッグ' is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in Japanese without significant changes in meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4297

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both

Reading

Kanji

双Both, Pair 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '双方 (そうほう)' means 'both' or 'both parties'. It is used to refer to two sides, parties, or aspects of a situation. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts to emphasize the involvement or agreement of two parties. For example: Both parties agreed「双方が同意した」(そうほうがどういした). Both sides are responsible「双方が責任を負う」(そうほうがせきにんをおう). The word is neutral and can be applied to people, groups, or abstract concepts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4298

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Benefit

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'メリット (めりっと)' is derived from the English word 'merit' and is commonly used to refer to the advantages, benefits, or positive aspects of something. It is often used in discussions about the pros and cons of a situation, decision, or product. For example: The benefit of this method is its simplicity「この方法のメリットはシンプルさです」(このほうほうのめりっとはしんぷるさです). One of the benefits of living in the city is convenience「都会に住むメリットの一つは便利さです」(とかいにすむめりっとのひとつはべんりさです). This word is frequently used in both formal and informal contexts, and it is important to note that it is a loanword, so it is written in katakana.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4299

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Colony

Reading

Kanji

植Plant 民People, Nation 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '植民地 (しょくみんち)' means 'colony'. It refers to a territory or area that is under the political control of another country, often settled by people from that controlling country. This term is commonly used in historical or political contexts to describe regions that were colonized by foreign powers. For example: This island was once a colony「この島はかつて植民地だった」(このしまはかつてしょくみんちだった). The country lost its colonies after the war「その国は戦後植民地を失った」(そのくにはせんごしょくみんちをうしなった). The word can also carry connotations of exploitation or subjugation, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4300

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Camp

Reading

Kanji

陣Camp, Battle formation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '陣 (じん)' primarily means 'camp' and refers to a military encampment or a group of people organized for a specific purpose. It is often used in historical or strategic contexts, such as describing the location where troops are stationed. For example: the enemy's camp is nearby「敵の陣は近い」(てきのじんはちかい). They set up a camp in the forest「彼らは森に陣を張った」(かれらはもりにじんをはった). Additionally, '陣' can be used metaphorically to describe a group of people working together, such as a team or faction, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4301

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Magistrate

Reading

Kanji

奉Dedicate, Observance 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奉行 (ぶぎょう)' refers to a magistrate or a high-ranking official in feudal Japan, typically responsible for administrative or judicial duties. This term is historically significant and often associated with the Edo period, where such officials played crucial roles in governance. For example: The magistrate issued a new decree「奉行が新しい法令を出した」(ぶぎょうがあたらしいほうれいをだした). The magistrate's decision was final「奉行の決定は最終的だった」(ぶぎょうのけっていはさいしゅうてきだった). It's important to note that this term is largely historical and may not be commonly used in modern contexts, except when referring to historical settings or figures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4302

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Potted plant

Reading

Kanji

植Plant 木Tree, Wood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '植木 (うえき)' refers to a 'potted plant' or a plant that is cultivated in a pot or container. This term is often used in gardening and landscaping contexts. It can also refer to ornamental plants that are grown for decorative purposes. For example: I bought a new potted plant「新しい植木を買いました」(あたらしいうえきをかいました). The garden is full of beautiful potted plants「庭には美しい植木がいっぱいです」(にわにはうつくしいうえきがいっぱいです). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to plants that are intentionally planted and cared for, as opposed to wild plants.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4303

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Botanical garden

Reading

Kanji

植Plant 物Thing 園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '植物園 (しょくぶつえん)' means 'botanical garden.' This word refers to a specialized garden where a variety of plants are cultivated for scientific research, conservation, and public display. Botanical gardens often feature exotic plants, greenhouses, and thematic displays. For example: Let's go to the botanical garden 「植物園に行きましょう」 (しょくぶつえんにいきましょう). The botanical garden has many rare plants 「その植物園には珍しい植物がたくさんあります」 (そのしょくぶつえんにはめずらしいしょくぶつがたくさんあります). This word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, tourism, and education.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4304

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Things

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物事 (ものごと)' refers to 'things' or 'matters' in a general sense. It is often used to describe various aspects of life, events, or situations in a broad and inclusive manner. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: He is good at handling things「彼は物事をうまく処理する」(かれはものごとをうまくしょりする). We should consider all things carefully「物事をよく考えるべきだ」(ものごとをよくかんがえるべきだ). The term can also imply a sense of complexity or interconnectedness, as in '物事はそう簡単ではない (ものごとはそうかんたんではない)' which means 'Things are not that simple.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4305

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pickpocket

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'すり' refers to a 'pickpocket', someone who steals from others' pockets or bags without their notice. This term is commonly used in contexts discussing crime or urban safety. For example: Be careful of pickpockets in crowded places「混雑した場所ではすりに気をつけて」(こんざつしたばしょではすりにきをつけて). The police caught a pickpocket「警察がすりを捕まえた」(けいさつがすりをつかまえた). The word 'すり' is often used in warnings or news reports about theft in public areas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4306

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Household

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 帯Belt, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世帯 (せたい)' refers to a 'household', which is a group of people living together in a single dwelling unit, typically sharing resources and responsibilities. This term is often used in official contexts, such as census data, government forms, or social services. For example: The number of households in this city is increasing「この街の世帯数は増えている」(このまちのせたいすうはふえている). Our household consists of four people「私たちの世帯は四人です」(わたしたちのせたいはよにんです). The word can also be used to describe the economic or social unit of a household, such as in '世帯主 (せたいぬし)', meaning 'head of the household'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4308

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flowers

Reading

Kanji

草Grass 花Flower

Explanation

The Japanese noun '草花 (くさばな)' refers to 'flowers' or 'flowering plants'. It is a compound word combining '草 (くさ)' meaning 'grass' or 'herb' and '花 (はな)' meaning 'flower'. This term is often used to describe small, delicate flowers or plants that grow naturally, such as wildflowers or garden flowers. It carries a gentle and natural connotation, often evoking imagery of nature and beauty. Example sentences: I love the flowers in this garden「この庭の草花が大好きです」(このにわのくさばながだいすきです). The flowers bloom beautifully in spring「春に草花が美しく咲きます」(はるにくさばながうつくしくさきます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4310

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plants

Reading

Kanji

草Grass 木Tree, Wood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '草木 (くさき)' refers to 'plants' in general, including both grasses and trees. It is often used to describe vegetation or greenery in a natural setting. For example: The plants are growing「草木が生えている」(くさきがはえている). The garden is full of plants「庭には草木がいっぱいだ」(にわにはくさきがいっぱいだ). This word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, gardening, or the environment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4311

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wording

Reading

Kanji

言Say 葉Leaf 遣Use, Dispatch

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言葉遣い (ことばづかい)' refers to the way one uses or chooses words, often implying the manner or style of speech. It can denote politeness, formality, or appropriateness in language. For example: Her wording is very polite「彼女の言葉遣いはとても丁寧です」(かのじょのことばづかいはとてもていねいです). Please be careful with your wording「言葉遣いに気をつけてください」(ことばづかいにはきをつけてください). This term is often used in contexts where the choice of words is important, such as in formal settings or when addressing someone of higher status.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4312

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Struggle, Conflict

Reading

Kanji

闘Fight, Struggle 争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '闘争 (とうそう)' can mean 'struggle' or 'conflict'. It is often used to describe a serious or prolonged effort to overcome a challenge, or a clash between opposing forces. This word can be applied to physical, emotional, or ideological battles. For example: The workers are in a struggle for better wages「労働者は賃金向上のための闘争中だ」(ろうどうしゃはちんぎんこうじょうのためのとうそうちゅうだ). The conflict between the two nations escalated「二国間の闘争が激化した」(にこくかんのとうそうがげきかした). Note that '闘争' carries a strong connotation of intensity and effort, and is often used in formal or serious contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4316

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fallen leaves

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '落ち葉 (おちば)' refers to 'fallen leaves'. This term is commonly used to describe leaves that have fallen from trees, typically during autumn. It evokes imagery of the changing seasons and is often associated with the beauty of nature. For example: The ground is covered with fallen leaves「地面は落ち葉で覆われている」(じめんはおちばでおおわれている). I walked through the fallen leaves in the park「公園の落ち葉の中を歩いた」(こうえんのおちばのなかをあるいた). The word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to emphasize the transient beauty of nature.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Kanji

木Tree, Wood 葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '木の葉 (このは)' means 'leaf'. It specifically refers to the leaves of a tree. This word is often used in contexts related to nature, seasons, or descriptions of scenery. For example: The leaves are falling「木の葉が落ちている」(このはがおちている). The leaves are turning red「木の葉が赤くなっている」(このはがあかくなっている). Note that '木の葉' is a compound word combining '木 (き)' (tree) and '葉 (は)' (leaf), emphasizing the connection to trees.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4318

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Written language

Reading

Kanji

書Write 言Say 葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書き言葉 (かきことば)' refers to 'written language'. It is used to describe the form of language that is used in writing, as opposed to spoken language (話し言葉, はなしことば). Written language often follows more formal grammar rules and may include vocabulary and expressions that are not commonly used in everyday speech. For example: This book uses formal written language「この本は書き言葉を使っている」(このほんはかきことばをつかっている). Written language is important for academic papers「書き言葉は学術論文に重要だ」(かきことばはがくじゅつろんぶんにじゅうようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4319

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Handling

Reading

Kanji

取Take 扱Handle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り扱い (とりあつかい)' primarily means 'handling'. It refers to the way something is managed, dealt with, or treated. This word is often used in contexts involving the management of objects, situations, or even abstract concepts. For example: careful handling of fragile items「壊れやすい物の取り扱いに注意」(こわれやすいもののとりあつかいによりちゅうい). The handling of customer complaints「顧客の苦情の取り扱い」(こきゃくのくじょうのとりあつかい). It can also refer to the treatment of a subject or topic, as in 'the handling of sensitive information'「機密情報の取り扱い」(きみつじょうほうのとりあつかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4321

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice ball

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'おにぎり (おにぎり)' refers to a 'rice ball', a common Japanese food item made from white rice formed into a triangular or round shape and often wrapped in nori (seaweed). It is typically filled with ingredients such as salted salmon, pickled plum (umeboshi), or other savory fillings. Example sentences: I made rice balls for lunch「昼ごはんにおにぎりを作りました」(ひるごはんにおにぎりをつくりました). This rice ball is delicious「このおにぎりはおいしい」(このおにぎりはおいしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4325

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teaching

Reading

Kanji

教Teach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教え (おしえ)' means 'teaching'. It refers to the act of imparting knowledge, skills, or moral lessons, or the content of what is taught. This word is often used in contexts related to education, religion, or personal guidance. For example: His teachings are profound「彼の教えは深い」(かれのおしえはふかい). I follow the teachings of my parents「私は両親の教えに従います」(わたしはりょうしんのおしえにしたがいます). The word can also imply wisdom or lessons learned from experience, as in 'life teachings'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4328

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collection

Reading

Kanji

回Revolve, Times 収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '回収 (かいしゅう)' primarily means 'collection'. It is commonly used to refer to the act of gathering or retrieving items, often for recycling, reuse, or disposal. For example: The collection of used bottles is scheduled for tomorrow「使用済みボトルの回収は明日に予定されています」(しようずみボトルのかいしゅうはあしたによていされています). The company is responsible for the collection of old electronics「その会社は古い電子機器の回収を担当しています」(そのかいしゃはふるいでんしききのかいしゅうをたんとうしています). This word is often used in contexts related to waste management, recycling programs, or retrieving distributed items.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4329

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First year

Reading

Kanji

元Origin 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '元年 (がんねん)' refers to the first year of a specific era, reign, or calendar system. It is commonly used in historical contexts to denote the inaugural year of a new period, such as the start of a new emperor's reign or the introduction of a new calendar. For example: This event happened in the first year of the Heisei era「この出来事は平成元年に起こりました」(このできごとはへいせいがんねんにおこりました). The company was established in the first year of the Reiwa era「その会社は令和元年に設立されました」(そのかいしゃはれいわがんねんにせつりつされました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4330

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Golf

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ゴルフ (gorufu)' refers to the sport of golf. It is a loanword borrowed from English and is written in katakana to indicate its foreign origin. This word is commonly used in contexts related to sports, leisure activities, or hobbies. For example: I play golf every weekend「私は毎週末ゴルフをします」(わたしはまいしゅうまつゴルフをします). Golf is a popular sport in Japan「ゴルフは日本で人気のあるスポーツです」(ゴルフはにほんでにんきのあるスポーツです). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional meanings or nuances beyond its reference to the sport.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4331

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Palm

Reading

Kanji

掌Palm, Manipulate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '掌 (てのひら)' refers to the 'palm' of the hand. It specifically denotes the inner surface of the hand, excluding the fingers. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: She held the flower in her palm「彼女は掌に花を持っていた」(かのじょはてのひらにはなをもっていた). The future is in the palm of your hand「未来はあなたの掌の中にある」(みらいはあなたのてのひらのなかにある). The word can also appear in idiomatic expressions or poetic language, emphasizing control, care, or the delicate nature of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4332

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exhibition

Reading

Kanji

展Unfold, Expand 示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '展示 (てんじ)' refers to an 'exhibition' or 'display'. It is commonly used to describe a public showing of items, such as art, products, or historical artifacts, often in a museum, gallery, or event space. For example: The art exhibition was impressive「その美術の展示は素晴らしかった」(そのびじゅつのてんじはすばらしかった). They are preparing a product display「彼らは製品の展示を準備している」(かれらはせいひんのてんじをじゅんびしている). The word can also be used in contexts like trade shows or cultural events where items are showcased for viewing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4333

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grade, Rank

Reading

Kanji

級Grade, Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '級 (きゅう)' refers to a level, grade, or rank, often used in contexts such as school grades, martial arts rankings, or classifications. For example: He is in the fifth grade「彼は5級です」(かれはごきゅうです). She holds a black belt rank「彼女は黒帯の級を持っています」(かのじょはくろおびのきゅうをもっています). The word can also be used in broader contexts to indicate a level of quality or classification, such as 'first-class' or 'second-class'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4335

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Razor

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'かみそり (kamisori)' refers to a 'razor', a tool used for shaving hair. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal grooming, such as shaving facial or body hair. For example: I bought a new razor「新しいかみそりを買いました」(あたらしいかみそりをかいました). Be careful with the razor「かみそりに気をつけて」(かみそりにきをつけて). The word can also appear in compound terms, such as 'electric razor' (電気かみそり, でんきかみそり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4336

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginner

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 級Grade, Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初級 (しょきゅう)' refers to a beginner or introductory level. It is commonly used in educational contexts to describe courses, classes, or materials designed for those who are just starting to learn a subject. For example: I am taking a beginner-level Japanese class「私は初級の日本語クラスを取っています」(わたしはしょきゅうのにほんごクラスをとっています). This textbook is for beginners「この教科書は初級者向けです」(このきょうかしょはしょきゅうしゃむけです). The term emphasizes the foundational stage of learning and is often contrasted with intermediate (中級, ちゅうきゅう) and advanced (上級, じょうきゅう) levels.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4337

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Liquid

Reading

Kanji

液Liquid 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '液体 (えきたい)' means 'liquid'. This term refers to a substance that flows freely but is of constant volume, having a consistency like that of water or oil. It is used in both scientific and everyday contexts to describe the state of matter between solid and gas. For example: water is a liquid「水は液体です」(みずはえきたいです). This bottle contains a strange liquid「このボトルには変な液体が入っている」(このボトルにはへんなえきたいがはいっている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that resembles a liquid in its flow or form.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4339

Composition

kanji

Handwriting