word

Meaning

Situation

Reading

Kanji

状Form, Condition 況Situation, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '状況 (じょうきょう)' means 'situation' or 'circumstances'. It refers to the state or condition of things at a particular time, often used to describe the context or environment in which something occurs. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to discuss current events, conditions, or states of affairs. For example: The situation is serious「状況は深刻です」(じょうきょうはしんこくです). I need to understand the situation better「状況をもっと理解する必要があります」(じょうきょうをもっとりかいするひつようがあります). It can also be used in phrases like '状況を把握する (じょうきょうをはあくする)' which means 'to grasp the situation'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

400

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temple

Reading

Kanji

寺Temple

Explanation

The Japanese noun '寺 (てら)' refers to a Buddhist temple, a place of worship and religious practice in Buddhism. It is distinct from Shinto shrines, which are called '神社 (じんじゃ)'. Temples often house statues of Buddha, serve as centers for meditation, and host various religious ceremonies. For example: I visited a temple「寺を訪れました」(てらをおとずれました). There is an old temple in Kyoto「京都に古い寺があります」(きょうとにふるいてらがあります). The word is commonly used in contexts related to religion, history, and tourism.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

401

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Culture

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文化 (ぶんか)' means 'culture'. It refers to the customs, arts, social institutions, and achievements of a particular nation, people, or other social group. This term is often used in discussions about traditions, societal norms, and the arts. For example: Japanese culture is fascinating「日本の文化は魅力的です」(にほんのぶんかはみりょくてきです). We should respect other cultures「他の文化を尊重すべきです」(ほかのぶんかをそんちょうすべきです). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '文化交流 (ぶんかこうりゅう)' meaning 'cultural exchange'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

402

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dollar

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ドル (どる)' refers to the currency unit 'dollar'. It is commonly used to denote currencies such as the US dollar (USD) or other dollar-based currencies. For example: I exchanged yen for dollars「円をドルに交換しました」(えんをどるにこうかんしました). The price is 10 dollars「値段は10ドルです」(ねだんはじゅうどるです). This word is often used in financial contexts, travel, or when discussing international trade.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

403

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Night

Reading

Kanji

夜Night

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜 (よる)' means 'night'. It refers to the period of darkness between sunset and sunrise. This word is commonly used in various contexts to describe nighttime activities, events, or states. For example: I read a book at night「夜に本を読みます」(よるにほんをよみます). The stars are beautiful at night「夜は星がきれいです」(よるはほしがきれいです). '夜' can also be used in compound words, such as '夜中 (よなか)' meaning 'midnight' or '夜道 (よみち)' meaning 'night road'. It is important to note that '夜' is often used in contrast to '昼 (ひる)' meaning 'daytime'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

406

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

System

Reading

Kanji

制System, Control 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '制度 (せいど)' refers to a 'system' or 'institution'. It is used to describe established systems, rules, or frameworks that govern a particular area, such as social, legal, or organizational systems. For example: the education system「教育制度」(きょういくせいど). The company introduced a new system「会社は新しい制度を導入した」(かいしゃはあたらしいせいどをどうにゅうした). This word is often used in formal or administrative contexts to describe structured and organized systems.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

408

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Part

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分 (ぶん)' primarily means 'part' or 'portion'. It is used to indicate a segment or division of something, often in the context of time, space, or quantity. For example: I will do my part「私の分をやります」(わたしのぶんをやります). This is your portion「これはあなたの分です」(これはあなたのぶんです). Additionally, '分' can also be used in expressions related to understanding or comprehension, such as '分かる (わかる)' which means 'to understand'. However, in this context, '分' alone refers specifically to a part or portion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

409

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Family

Reading

Kanji

家House 族Family

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家族 (かぞく)' means 'family'. It refers to a group of people related by blood, marriage, or adoption, typically living together. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations to talk about one's own family or someone else's family. For example: My family is big「私の家族は大きいです」(わたしのかぞくはおおきいです). His family lives in Tokyo「彼の家族は東京に住んでいます」(かれのかぞくはとうきょうにすんでいます). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as '家族旅行 (かぞくりょこう)' (family trip) or '家族写真 (かぞくしゃしん)' (family photo).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

410

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Something

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何か (なにか)' means 'something'. It is used to refer to an unspecified or unknown thing, object, or matter. This word is often used when the speaker is unsure or does not need to specify what they are referring to. For example: I want to eat something「何か食べたい」(なにかたべたい). Is there something wrong?「何かおかしいですか？」(なにかおかしいですか？). It can also be used in questions to ask if there is anything specific, as in 'Do you need something?「何か必要ですか？」(なにかひつようですか？)'. The word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, both formal and informal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

413

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recently

Reading

Kanji

最Most 近Near

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最近 (さいきん)' means 'recently' or 'lately'. It is used to refer to events, situations, or actions that have occurred in the near past. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: I recently moved to Tokyo「最近東京に引っ越しました」(さいきんとうきょうにひっこしました). Have you seen her recently?「最近彼女を見ましたか？」(さいきんかのじょをみましたか？). It can also be used to describe trends or changes that have happened recently, such as '最近の技術 (さいきんのぎじゅつ)' meaning 'recent technology'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

414

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Degree

Reading

Kanji

程Order, Extent 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '程度 (ていど)' refers to the extent, degree, or level of something. It is often used to describe the magnitude, intensity, or scope of a situation, condition, or action. For example: to what degree is it damaged?「どの程度壊れていますか？」(どのていどこわれていますか？). The degree of difficulty is high「難易度の程度は高い」(なんいどのていどはたかい). This word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, such as measuring the severity of an issue, the intensity of an emotion, or the scope of an event. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

415

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last month

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先月 (せんげつ)' means 'last month'. It refers to the month immediately preceding the current one. This word is commonly used in daily conversation and writing to refer to recent past events. For example: I went to Japan last month「先月日本に行きました」(せんげつにほんにいきました). Last month was very busy「先月はとても忙しかった」(せんげつはとてもいそがしかった). Note that'先月'is specifically used to talk about the previous month and should not be confused with other time-related terms such as '先週 (せんしゅう)' which means 'last week' or '去年 (きょねん)' which means 'last year'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

416

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last week

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 週Week

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先週 (せんしゅう)' means 'last week'. It is used to refer to the week immediately before the current one. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about events, activities, or situations that occurred in the previous week. For example: I went to Tokyo last week「先週、東京に行きました」(せんしゅう、とうきょうにいきました). Last week was very busy「先週はとても忙しかった」(せんしゅうはとてもいそがしかった). It is important to note that '先週' is a specific time reference and is not used to describe a general past time frame.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

419

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eight hundred

Reading

Kanji

八Eight 百Hundred

Explanation

The Japanese noun '八百 (はっぴゃく)' means 'eight hundred'. This word is used to denote the number 800 in Japanese. It is a specific numerical term and is often used in contexts involving counting, quantities, or measurements. For example: eight hundred yen「八百円」(はっぴゃくえん). There are eight hundred people「八百人がいます」(はっぴゃくにんがいます). It is important to note that '八百' is a specific numerical term and is not used metaphorically or in abstract contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

422

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next month

Reading

Kanji

来Come 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun'来月 (らいげつ)' means 'next month'. It is used to refer to the month following the current one. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to discuss events, plans, or appointments that are scheduled for the upcoming month. For example: I will go to Japan next month「来月日本に行きます」(らいげつにほんにいきます).The exam will be held next month「試験は来月行われます」(しけんはらいげつおこなわれます).Note that '来月' is a time expression and is often used with verbs indicating future actions or states.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

423

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next week

Reading

Kanji

来Come 週Week

Explanation

The Japanese noun '来週 (らいしゅう)' means 'next week'. It is used to refer to the week immediately following the current one. This term is commonly used in planning, scheduling, and discussing future events. For example: I will go to Tokyo next week「来週東京に行きます」(らいしゅうとうきょうにいきます). The meeting is next week「会議は来週です」(かいぎはらいしゅうです). It is important to note that '来週' is a specific time reference and is often used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

425

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mold, Pattern

Reading

Kanji

型Model, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '型 (かた)' can mean 'pattern' or 'mold'. As 'pattern', it refers to a repeated design or model, often used in contexts like traditional crafts or behavior. For example: This kimono has a beautiful pattern「この着物は美しい型がある」(このきものはうつくしいかたがある). As 'mold', it refers to a hollow container used to give shape to molten or liquid material. For example: The cake was made using a silicone mold「そのケーキはシリコンの型を使って作られた」(そのケーキはシリコンのかたをつかってつくられた). The word can also imply a standard or model to be followed, as in traditional arts or martial arts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

426

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Except

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以外 (いがい)' means 'except' or 'excluding'. It is used to indicate that something or someone is not included in a particular group or category. For example: everyone except me went to the party「私以外みんなパーティーに行った」(わたしいがいみんなパーティーにいった). This store sells everything except books「この店は本以外何でも売っている」(このみせはほんいがいなんでもうっている). It can also be used to express something beyond or outside of a certain scope, as in 'beyond expectations'「期待以外の結果」(きたいいがいのけっか).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

427

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Individual

Reading

Kanji

個Individual 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '個人 (こじん)' means 'individual'. It refers to a single person as distinct from a group or society. This term is often used in contexts emphasizing the rights, responsibilities, or characteristics of a single person. For example: respect for the individual「個人の尊重」(こじんのそんちょう). The decision was made by an individual「その決定は個人によってなされた」(そのけっていはこじんによってなされた). It is also commonly used in legal, social, and philosophical discussions to highlight the importance of the individual within a larger context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

428

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Going

Reading

Kanji

行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行き (いき)' means 'going' or 'direction to a destination'. It is often used to indicate the destination or direction of travel, such as in transportation contexts. For example: the train bound for Tokyo「東京行きの電車」(とうきょういきのでんしゃ). This bus is going to the station「このバスは駅行きです」(このバスはえきいきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the direction or purpose of an action or plan. Note that '行き' is the noun form derived from the verb '行く (いく)', meaning 'to go'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

429

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Village

Reading

Kanji

村Village

Explanation

The Japanese noun '村 (むら)' means 'village'. It refers to a small community or settlement, typically in a rural area, smaller than a town or city. This word is often used to describe a place with a close-knit community and a simpler way of life. For example: I live in a small village「私は小さな村に住んでいます」(わたしはちいさなむらにすんでいます). The village is surrounded by mountains「その村は山に囲まれています」(そのむらはやまにかこまれています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a group of people with shared characteristics, such as 'the village of artists' (芸術家の村, げいじゅつかのむら).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

430

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example

Reading

Kanji

例Example

Explanation

The Japanese noun '例 (れい)' means 'example'. It is commonly used to refer to a specific instance or case that illustrates a general rule or pattern. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in explanations, instructions, or discussions. For example: Here is an example「ここに例があります」(ここにれいがあります). Please follow this example「この例に従ってください」(このれいにしたがってください). The word can also be used in compound words like '例文 (れいぶん)' (example sentence) or '例外 (れいがい)' (exception).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

433

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Size

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大きさ (おおきさ)' refers to the physical dimensions or magnitude of something, commonly translated as 'size'. It is used to describe how big or small an object, space, or concept is. For example: the size of this box is perfect「この箱の大きさは完璧です」(このはこのおおきさはかんぺきです). The size of the universe is unimaginable「宇宙の大きさは想像を絶します」(うちゅうのおおきさはそうぞうをたっします). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

434

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parent

Reading

Kanji

親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親 (おや)' means 'parent'. This term is used to refer to one's mother or father, or parents in general. It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to someone who plays a parental role, such as a guardian or mentor. For example: my parents are kind「私の親は優しい」(わたしのおやはやさしい). He is like a parent to me「彼は私にとって親のような存在だ」(かれはわたしにとっておやのようなそんざいだ). The word can also be used in compounds, such as '親友 (しんゆう)' meaning 'close friend' (literally 'parent-like friend'), though this is a different usage of the kanji.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

435

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

History

Reading

Kanji

歴Curriculum, Continuation 史History

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歴史 (れきし)' means 'history'. It refers to the study or record of past events, particularly those involving human affairs. This word is commonly used in academic, cultural, and everyday contexts to discuss historical events, periods, or the development of societies. For example: I study Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を勉強します」(わたしはにほんのれきしをべんきょうします). This town has a long history「この町は長い歴史があります」(このまちはながいれきしがあります). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the background or development of something, such as a person's life or an organization.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

436

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Center

Reading

Kanji

中Center 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中心 (ちゅうしん)' means 'center'. It refers to the middle point or core of something, whether it's a physical object, a place, or an abstract concept. For example: The center of the city is busy「街の中心は賑やかです」(まちのちゅうしんはにぎやかです). The Earth's center is very hot「地球の中心はとても熱い」(ちきゅうのちゅうしんはとてもあつい). This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, such as describing the central point of a discussion or the core of an issue.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

438

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Purpose, Goal

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目的 (もくてき)' refers to an aim, objective, or intention behind an action or plan. It can be used in various contexts, such as personal goals, project objectives, or the purpose of an event. For example: The purpose of this meeting is to discuss the budget「この会議の目的は予算について話し合うことです」(このかいぎのもくてきはよさんについてはなしあうことです). My goal is to become fluent in Japanese「私の目的は日本語を流暢に話せるようになることです」(わたしのもくてきはにほんごをりゅうちょうにはなせるようになることです). Note that '目的' often implies a specific, concrete aim, distinguishing it from more abstract terms like '理由 (りゆう)' (reason).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

443

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin, Basis

Reading

Kanji

元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '元 (もと)' can mean 'origin' or 'basis'. It refers to the source, foundation, or starting point of something. It is often used in contexts where the focus is on the root or cause of a situation, object, or concept. For example: This is the origin of the problem「これが問題の元です」(これがもんだいのもとです). The basis of his argument is weak「彼の議論の元は弱い」(かれのぎろんのもとはよわい). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '元気 (げんき)' (energy/health), where it contributes the meaning of 'source' or 'origin'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

445

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feeling

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感 (かん)' refers to a 'feeling' or 'sense'. It is often used to describe an emotional or physical sensation, or a perception of something. This word is commonly used in compound words to express specific types of feelings or senses, such as '安心感 (あんしんかん)' (a sense of security) or '違和感 (いわかん)' (a sense of discomfort). For example: I have a strange feeling「変な感がある」(へんなかんがある). She has a strong sense of responsibility「彼女は責任感が強い」(かのじょはせきにんかんがつよい). Note that '感' is often used in abstract or emotional contexts, and it can be paired with other kanji to create nuanced meanings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

447

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ascent

Reading

Kanji

上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上り (のぼり)' refers to the act of ascending or going upward. It is often used in contexts related to climbing, such as climbing a mountain or stairs. For example: The ascent of the mountain was tough「山の上りは大変だった」(やまののぼりはたいへんだった). The train is on the ascent「電車は上りだ」(でんしゃはのぼりだ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe progress or improvement in various situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

449

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Environment

Reading

Kanji

環Ring, Surround 境Boundary, Border

Explanation

The Japanese noun '環境 (かんきょう)' primarily means 'environment'. It refers to the surroundings or conditions in which a person, animal, or plant lives or operates. This term is widely used in discussions about nature, ecology, and living conditions. For example: We need to protect the environment「環境を守る必要がある」(かんきょうをまもるひつようがある). The work environment is very important「仕事の環境はとても重要だ」(しごとのかんきょうはとてもじゅうようだ). It can also refer to the setting or context in which something exists or operates, such as a social or technological environment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

451

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Government

Reading

Kanji

政Government, Politics 府Government office, Urban prefecture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '政府 (せいふ)' refers to the governing body of a nation or state, commonly translated as 'government'. It is used to describe the system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state. This term is neutral and can refer to any form of government, whether democratic, autocratic, or otherwise. Example sentences include: The government announced a new policy「政府は新しい政策を発表した」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). The government is responsible for public safety「政府は公共の安全に責任がある」(せいふはこうきょうのあんぜんにせきにんがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

452

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Technology

Reading

Kanji

技Skill 術Art, Technique

Explanation

The Japanese noun '技術 (ぎじゅつ)' primarily means 'technology' or 'technique'. It refers to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry, or the skills and methods used in a particular field. It can be used in various contexts, from discussing advancements in technology to describing someone's skill in a craft or art. For example: Japan is known for its advanced technology「日本は先進的な技術で知られている」(にほんはせんしんてきなぎじゅつでしられている). He has excellent technique in painting「彼は絵画の技術が優れている」(かれはかいがのぎじゅつがすぐれている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

453

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Descent

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下り (くだり)' refers to a 'descent' or 'downward movement'. It is often used in contexts related to traveling or moving downward, such as descending a mountain or a train heading away from a major city. For example: The descent was steep「下りは急だった」(くだりはきゅうだった). The train bound for Kyoto is a down train「京都行きの電車は下りです」(きょうとゆきのでんしゃはくだりです). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe a decline or decrease in status, quality, or quantity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

455

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Younger

Reading

Kanji

年Year 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年下 (としした)' refers to someone who is younger in age. It is commonly used to describe a person who is younger than the speaker or another reference person. This term is often used in social contexts to indicate age hierarchy or relationships. For example: She is younger than me「彼女は私より年下です」(かのじょはわたしよりとししたです). My younger brother is three years younger than me「私の弟は私より3歳年下です」(わたしのおとうとはわたしよりさんさいとししたです). The term can also be used in professional or academic settings to refer to someone who is junior in status or experience.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

458

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

最Most 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最後 (さいご)' means 'end' or 'last'. It refers to the final part of something, such as the conclusion of an event, the last moment of a situation, or the ultimate outcome. It can also imply a sense of finality or irreversibility. For example: This is the end of the movie「これは映画の最後です」(これはえいがのさいごです). He stayed until the very end「彼は最後まで残った」(かれはさいごまでのこった). The word can also be used to emphasize the finality of an action, as in '最後のチャンス (さいごのチャンス) (last chance)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Color, Appearance

Reading

Kanji

色Color

Explanation

The Japanese noun '色 (いろ)' primarily means 'color'. It refers to the hue or shade of an object, such as red, blue, or green. For example: the color of the sky is blue「空の色は青い」(そらのいろはあおい). Additionally, '色 (いろ)' can also mean 'appearance' or 'look', often used to describe the outward expression or mood of a situation or person. For example: her face showed a troubled look「彼女の顔に困った色が見えた」(かのじょのかおにこまったいろがみえた). This dual meaning makes '色 (いろ)' a versatile word in Japanese, used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

462

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side, On the other hand

Reading

Kanji

一One 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一方 (いっぽう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'side', referring to one of two opposing sides or directions. For example: on one side of the river「川の一方」(かわのいっぽう). The second meaning is 'on the other hand', used to contrast two different situations or perspectives. For example: He is kind. On the other hand, he can be strict「彼は優しい。一方、厳しいこともある」(かれはやさしい。いっぽう、きびしいこともある). This word is versatile and often appears in both formal and informal contexts to highlight contrasts or differences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

463

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Basis

Reading

Kanji

基Base, Fundation 本Book, Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '基本 (きほん)' means 'basis' or 'foundation'. It refers to the fundamental principles or essential elements that form the core of something. This word is often used in contexts related to education, rules, or systems to denote the underlying principles. For example: The basis of learning is practice「基本は練習です」(きほんはれんしゅうです). Understanding the basics is important「基本を理解することが大切です」(きほんをりかいすることがたいせつです). It can also be used in phrases like '基本ルール (きほんルール)' (basic rules) or '基本方針 (きほんほうしん)' (basic policy).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

464

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Photo

Reading

Kanji

写Copy, Photograph 真Truth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '写真 (しゃしん)' means 'photo' or 'photograph'. It refers to a picture taken with a camera or similar device. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to both physical and digital photos. For example: I took a photo「写真を撮りました」(しゃしんをとりました). This is a beautiful photo「これは美しい写真です」(これはうつくしいしゃしんです). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '写真集 (しゃしんしゅう)' (photo album) or '写真家 (しゃしんか)' (photographer).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feeling

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感じ (かんじ)' means 'feeling'. It refers to the sensation, impression, or atmosphere that something or someone gives off. It can describe both physical sensations and emotional impressions. For example: I have a good feeling about this「これにはいい感じがする」(これにはいいかんじがする). The atmosphere of this place is nice「この場所の感じがいい」(このばしょのかんじがいい). It can also be used to describe the texture or vibe of something, such as 'the feel of the fabric'「布の感じ」(ぬのかんじ). This word is versatile and often used in casual and formal contexts alike.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

467

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreigner

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外人 (がいじん)' means 'foreigner'. It is a term used to refer to someone who is not Japanese, often implying that they are from a different country or culture. While it is a commonly used term, it can sometimes carry a slightly informal or even pejorative nuance depending on the context, so it is important to be mindful of its usage. For example: There are many foreigners in Tokyo「東京には外人が多い」(とうきょうにはがいじんがおおい). That foreigner speaks Japanese well「あの外人は日本語が上手だ」(あのがいじんはにほんごがじょうずだ). In more polite or formal contexts, the term '外国人 (がいこくじん)' is often preferred.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

468

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fact

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事実 (じじつ)' means 'fact'. It refers to something that is true or has actually happened, often used in contexts where objective reality or truth is being discussed. For example: The fact is undeniable「事実は否定できない」(じじつはひていできない). He presented the facts clearly「彼は事実を明確に提示した」(かれはじじつをめいかくにていじした). This word is commonly used in formal or serious discussions, such as in news reports, legal contexts, or academic writing. It can also be used to contrast with opinions or assumptions, emphasizing the importance of truth and evidence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

472

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Name

Reading

Kanji

名Name 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '名前 (なまえ)' means 'name'. It refers to the word or words by which a person, place, or thing is known. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to ask for or give someone's name. For example: What is your name?「あなたの名前は何ですか？」(あなたのなまえはなんですか？). My name is Tanaka「私の名前は田中です」(わたしのなまえはたなかです). It can also be used to refer to the name of objects, places, or even abstract concepts, such as the name of a book or a company. The word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

473

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leg, Foot

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese noun '足 (あし)' can mean either 'foot' or 'leg', depending on the context. It refers to the lower limb of the body, from the hip to the toes. When used to mean 'foot', it specifically refers to the part of the limb below the ankle. When used to mean 'leg', it refers to the entire limb. For example: My foot hurts「足が痛い」(あしがいたい). He has long legs「彼は足が長い」(かれはあしがながい). The word is also used in various idiomatic expressions, such as '足が速い (あしがはやい)', which means 'fast runner' or 'quick to spoil' (for food).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

475

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exit

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出口 (でぐち)' means 'exit'. It is commonly used to refer to a way out of a building, room, or enclosed space, such as a train station, shopping mall, or theater. For example: The exit is over there「出口はあそこです」(でぐちはあそこです). Please use the emergency exit in case of fire「火事の場合は非常口を使ってください」(かじのばあいはひじょうぐちをつかってください). Note that '出口' is often paired with '入口 (いりぐち)', which means 'entrance', to indicate the flow of movement in and out of a space.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

477

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Past

Reading

Kanji

昔Old times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昔 (むかし)' refers to 'the past' or 'olden times'. It is used to describe a time long ago, often with a nostalgic or historical connotation. This word is commonly used in storytelling or when reminiscing about earlier days. For example: In the past, this town was very quiet「昔、この町はとても静かだった」(むかし、このまちはとてもしずかだった). Long ago, people used to travel by horse「昔、人々は馬で旅をした」(むかし、ひとびとはうまでたびをした). The word '昔' can also be used in expressions like '昔話 (むかしばなし)', which means 'old tale' or 'folktale'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

478

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insurance

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 険Dangerous, Steep

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保険 (ほけん)' means 'insurance'. It refers to a system or contract where individuals or entities pay premiums to protect against financial loss or damage. This term is commonly used in contexts like health insurance, car insurance, or life insurance. For example: I have health insurance「私は健康保険を持っています」(わたしはけんこうほけんをもっています). Car insurance is mandatory「車の保険は必須です」(くるまのほけんはひっすです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that provides security or a safeguard against potential risks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

483

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

These

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'これら (これら)' means 'these'. It is used to refer to multiple things that are close to the speaker, either physically or in terms of relevance. 'これら' is a plural demonstrative pronoun, often used to point out or emphasize a group of items or concepts. For example: these books are interesting「これらの本は面白い」(これらのほんはおもしろい). These ideas are important「これらの考えは重要だ」(これらのかんがえはじゅうようだ). Note that 'これら' is more formal than 'これ' and is typically used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

484

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Region

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地方 (ちほう)' means 'region'. It refers to a specific area or part of a country, often used to distinguish areas outside major cities like Tokyo or Osaka. It can also imply a rural or less urbanized area. For example: I want to visit the northern region「北の地方に行きたい」(きたのちほうにいきたい). This region is famous for its hot springs「この地方は温泉で有名です」(このちほうはおんせんでゆうめいです). The word can also be used in contexts like 'local government' (地方自治体, ちほうじちたい) or 'regional culture' (地方文化, ちほうぶんか).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

485

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Century

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 紀Chronicle, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世紀 (せいき)' means 'century'. It refers to a period of 100 years. This word is commonly used in historical contexts or when discussing long periods of time. For example: the 21st century「21世紀」(にじゅういちせいき). The 20th century was a time of great change「20世紀は大きな変化の時代でした」(にじゅうせいきはおおきなへんかのじだいでした). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant era or period, such as 'the century of technology'「技術の世紀」(ぎじゅつのせいき).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

486

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guest, Customer

Reading

Kanji

客Guest, Customer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '客 (きゃく)' can mean both 'guest' and 'customer', depending on the context. When referring to a 'guest', it is often used in social or hospitality settings, such as inviting someone to your home or a hotel guest. For example: The guest arrived「客が来た」(きゃくがきた). When referring to a 'customer', it is commonly used in business or retail contexts, such as a store or restaurant. For example: The customer is waiting「客が待っている」(きゃくがまっている). The word can also imply a sense of respect or formality, as in treating someone as an honored guest or valued customer.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

489

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Newspaper

Reading

Kanji

新New 聞Listen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新聞 (しんぶん)' means 'newspaper'. It refers to a printed publication containing news, articles, and advertisements, typically issued daily or weekly. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is a staple in Japanese media culture. For example: I read the newspaper every morning「毎朝新聞を読みます」(まいあさしんぶんをよみます). The newspaper is on the table「新聞はテーブルの上にあります」(しんぶんはテーブルのうえにあります). It can also be used in compound words, such as '新聞記者 (しんぶんきしゃ)' (newspaper reporter).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

490

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Karate

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空手 (からて)' refers to 'karate', a traditional martial art originating from Okinawa, Japan. It emphasizes striking techniques using punches, kicks, knee strikes, and open-hand techniques. The word literally translates to 'empty hand', reflecting its focus on unarmed combat. Example sentences: He practices karate every day「彼は毎日空手を練習する」(かれはまいにちからてをれんしゅうする). Karate is a disciplined martial art「空手は規律のある武道です」(からてはきりつのあるぶどうです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

491

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Citizen

Reading

Kanji

国Country 民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国民 (こくみん)' refers to the people of a nation or citizens of a country. It is often used in a collective sense to describe the population of a nation as a whole. For example: The citizens of Japan are hardworking「日本の国民は勤勉です」(にほんのこくみんはきんべんです). The government cares for its citizens「政府は国民のことを気にかけています」(せいふはこくみんのことをきにかけています). This term is commonly used in political, social, and economic contexts to refer to the general populace of a country.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

492

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spirit, Mind

Reading

Kanji

精Spirit, Refine 神God

Explanation

The Japanese noun '精神 (せいしん)' primarily refers to 'spirit' or 'mind'. It encompasses mental and emotional states, as well as the essence of one's being. It is often used in contexts related to psychology, philosophy, or personal resilience. For example: He has a strong spirit「彼は強い精神を持っている」(かれはつよいせいしんをもっている). Mental health is important「精神の健康は大切です」(せいしんのけんこうはたいせつです). The word can also refer to the collective mindset or ethos of a group, such as in 'team spirit' or 'national spirit'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

493

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daughter

Reading

Kanji

娘Daughter, Girl

Explanation

The Japanese noun '娘 (むすめ)' means 'daughter'. It refers to a female child in relation to her parents. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: my daughter is kind「私の娘は優しい」(わたしのむすめはやさしい). Her daughter is a student「彼女の娘は学生です」(かのじょのむすめはがくせいです). The term can also be used affectionately or to refer to a young girl in general, though it primarily means 'daughter'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

494

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whole

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '全体 (ぜんたい)' means 'whole' or 'entirety'. It refers to the complete or total extent of something, often used to describe the entirety of a group, object, or situation. For example: the whole picture「全体の絵」(ぜんたいのえ). The entire team is here「全体のチームがここにいる」(ぜんたいのチームがここにいる). This word is commonly used in contexts where the focus is on the entirety rather than individual parts. It can also imply a sense of unity or completeness, as in '全体の意見 (ぜんたいのいけん) (the whole opinion)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

495

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hospital

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese noun '病院 (びょういん)' means 'hospital'. It refers to a medical institution where patients receive treatment, care, and diagnosis. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing health, medical visits, or emergencies. For example: I went to the hospital「病院に行きました」(びょういんにいきました). The hospital is nearby「病院は近くです」(びょういんはちかくです). It is important to note that '病院' is distinct from 'クリニック (くりにっく)', which typically refers to smaller clinics or private practices.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

496

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weekly

Reading

Kanji

毎Every 週Week

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毎週 (まいしゅう)' means 'weekly'. It refers to something that occurs or is done every week. This word is commonly used to describe routines, schedules, or events that happen on a weekly basis. For example: I go to the gym weekly「毎週ジムに行きます」(まいしゅうジムにいきます). The meeting is held weekly「会議は毎週行われます」(かいぎはまいしゅうおこなわれます). It can also be used to specify the frequency of an action, as in '毎週のレッスン (まいしゅうのレッスン) (weekly lesson)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

500

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice field

Reading

Kanji

田Rice field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '田んぼ (たんぼ)' refers to a 'rice field' or 'paddy field', which is a flooded parcel of arable land used for growing rice. This term is commonly used in rural areas and is essential in Japanese agriculture. Example sentences: The rice field is vast「田んぼが広い」(たんぼがひろい). We planted rice in the rice field「田んぼに稲を植えた」(たんぼにいねをうえた). The term is often associated with traditional Japanese landscapes and farming practices.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

504

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theory

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '論 (ろん)' primarily means 'theory' or 'argument'. It refers to a systematic explanation or reasoning about a subject, often used in academic, philosophical, or logical contexts. It can also imply a discussion or debate about a topic. For example: His theory is interesting「彼の論は面白い」(かれのろんはおもしろい). We had a debate about politics「私たちは政治についての論をした」(わたしたちはせいじについてのろんをした). The word is often used in compound nouns, such as '理論 (りろん)' (theory) or '議論 (ぎろん)' (discussion/debate).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

507

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Woods

Reading

Kanji

林Grove

Explanation

The Japanese noun '林 (はやし)' refers to a small or medium-sized wooded area, often smaller than a forest. It is used to describe a grove or a cluster of trees. For example: there is a woods near my house「私の家の近くに林があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにはやしがあります). We took a walk in the woods「私たちは林の中を散歩しました」(わたしたちははやしのなかをさんぽしました). The word is distinct from '森 (もり)', which refers to a larger forest.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

508

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effect

Reading

Kanji

効Effective 果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '効果 (こうか)' means 'effect'. It refers to the result or impact of an action, event, or condition. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as medicine, science, and everyday situations, to describe the outcome or influence of something. For example: The medicine had a good effect「薬は良い効果があった」(くすりはよいこうかがあった). The sound effects in the movie were impressive「映画の音響効果は印象的だった」(えいがのおんきょうこうかはいんしょうてきだった). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the effect of a policy or strategy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

509

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

We

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私たち (わたしたち)' means 'we'. It is a first-person plural pronoun used to refer to a group that includes the speaker. This word is gender-neutral and is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: we are friends「私たちは友達です」(わたしたちはともだちです). We went to the park「私たちは公園に行きました」(わたしたちはこうえんにいきました). It is important to note that '私たち' is often used to emphasize inclusivity, as it explicitly includes the speaker in the group being referred to.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

514

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Act

Reading

Kanji

行Go 為Do, Sake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行為 (こうい)' means 'act' or 'action'. It refers to a deed or something done by someone, often implying intention or purpose. This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as legal, moral, or philosophical discussions. For example: His act was unforgivable「彼の行為は許せない」(かれのこういはゆるせない). The act of kindness saved her life「その親切な行為が彼女の命を救った」(そのしんせつなこういがかのじょのいのちをすくった). Note that '行為' is neutral in tone and can refer to both positive and negative actions, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

515

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Email

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'メール (めーる)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'mail' and specifically refers to 'email' in modern usage. It is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to refer to electronic messages sent via email or messaging services. For example: I received an email「メールを受け取りました」(めーるをうけとりました). Please send me an email「メールを送ってください」(めーるをおくってください). Note that while 'メール' can sometimes refer to text messages in casual conversation, its primary meaning is 'email'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

516

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wife

Reading

Kanji

家House 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家内 (かない)' is a polite and somewhat old-fashioned term used to refer to one's own wife. It is often used in formal or traditional contexts. The word literally translates to 'inside the house,' reflecting the historical context where women were primarily associated with domestic roles. However, its usage has declined in modern times, with '妻 (つま)' or '奥さん (おくさん)' being more common. Example sentences: My wife is kind「家内は優しいです」(かないはやさしいです). I will discuss this with my wife「家内と相談します」(かないとそうだんします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Five hundred

Reading

Kanji

五Five 百Hundred

Explanation

The Japanese noun '五百 (ごひゃく)' means 'five hundred'. It is a specific number used to denote the quantity of 500. This term is often used in contexts involving counting, measurements, or quantities. For example: there are five hundred yen in this wallet「この財布には五百円があります」(このさいふにはごひゃくえんがあります). The library has five hundred books「図書館には五百冊の本があります」(としょかんにはごひゃくさつのほんがあります). It's important to note that '五百' is typically used in formal or written contexts, while in casual conversation, people might simply say '500' or use the more colloquial term '五百 (ごひゃく)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

520

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nation

Reading

Kanji

国Country 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国家 (こっか)' refers to a 'nation' or 'state', encompassing the idea of a country as a political and geographical entity. It is often used in formal contexts to discuss matters related to national governance, sovereignty, or international relations. For example: The nation's security is important「国家の安全は重要です」(こっかのあんぜんはじゅうようです). The prosperity of the nation depends on its citizens「国家の繁栄は国民にかかっている」(こっかのはんえいはこくみんにかかっている). This term is commonly used in political, legal, and academic discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

521

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Responsibility

Reading

Kanji

責Blame, Liability 任Duty, Responsibility

Explanation

The Japanese noun '責任 (せきにん)' means 'responsibility'. It refers to the state or fact of being accountable for something, often involving duties or obligations. This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts. For example: He took responsibility for the mistake「彼はそのミスの責任を取った」(かれはそのミスのせきにんをとった). It is your responsibility to finish the task「その仕事を終わらせるのはあなたの責任です」(そのしごとをおわらせるのはあなたのせきにんです). The word can also imply moral or legal accountability, as in 'criminal responsibility' (刑事責任, けいじせきにん).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

522

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Self

Reading

Kanji

自Self 己Oneself

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自己 (じこ)' means 'self'. It refers to one's own identity, personality, or being. This term is often used in contexts related to psychology, philosophy, or self-reflection. For example: self-introduction「自己紹介」(じこしょうかい). He is reflecting on himself「彼は自己を反省している」(かれはじこをはんせいしている). The term can also be used in compound words to express concepts related to the self, such as 'self-control' (自己制御, じこせいぎょ) or 'self-esteem' (自己評価, じこひょうか).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

525

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thing, Guy

Reading

Kanji

奴Servant, Dude

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奴 (やつ)' is a colloquial term that can refer to a person or a thing, often with a slightly derogatory or informal tone. When referring to a person, it translates to 'guy' or 'fellow', and when referring to an object, it translates to 'thing'. It is commonly used in casual conversations and can carry a sense of familiarity or disdain depending on the context. For example: That guy is annoying「あの奴はうるさい」(あのやつはうるさい). What is that thing?「あの奴は何？」(あのやつはなに？). Note that while it can be used neutrally, it often implies a lack of respect or seriousness, so it should be used carefully in formal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

526

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Army

Reading

Kanji

軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '軍 (ぐん)' refers to an 'army' or 'military force'. It is commonly used to describe organized groups of soldiers or armed forces, often in the context of warfare or national defense. This term can also be used metaphorically to describe large groups or forces in non-military contexts. For example: The army is strong「その軍は強い」(そのぐんはつよい). He joined the army「彼は軍に入った」(かれはぐんにはいった). In historical or literary contexts, it may also refer to specific military units or factions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

527

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear, Sunny

Reading

Kanji

晴Clear

Explanation

The Japanese noun '晴れ (はれ)' primarily refers to clear or sunny weather. It is used to describe a state of the sky when there are no clouds, and the sun is shining brightly. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a person's mood or a situation that is bright and cheerful. For example: Today is clear「今日は晴れです」(きょうははれです). The weather forecast says it will be sunny tomorrow「天気予報では明日は晴れだそうです」(てんきよほうではあしたははれだそうです). It's important to note that '晴れ' is often used in weather forecasts and everyday conversations about the weather.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

529

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sea

Reading

Kanji

海Sea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '海 (うみ)' means 'sea'. It refers to the large body of salt water that covers most of the Earth's surface. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and literature to describe the ocean or a specific sea. For example: I went to the sea「海に行きました」(うみにいきました). The sea is beautiful today「今日の海はきれいです」(きょうのうみはきれいです). It can also be used in compound words, such as '海辺 (うみべ)' meaning 'seaside' or 'beach'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

532

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Three hundred

Reading

Kanji

三Three 百Hundred

Explanation

The Japanese noun '三百 (さんびゃく)' means 'three hundred'. It is a numerical term used to denote the quantity or number 300. This word is often used in contexts involving counting, measurements, or quantities. For example: there are three hundred people「三百人がいます」(さんびゃくにんがいます). The price is three hundred yen「値段は三百円です」(ねだんはさんびゃくえんです). Note that '三百' is a specific number and is not used metaphorically or abstractly.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

535

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year before last

Reading

Kanji

一One 昨Yesterday, Previous 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一昨年 (おととし)' refers to 'the year before last'. It is used to indicate the year that is two years prior to the current year. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts when referring to events or occurrences that happened two years ago. For example: I visited Japan the year before last「一昨年、日本を訪れました」(おととし、にほんをおとずれました). The year before last was very cold「一昨年はとても寒かった」(おととしはとてもさむかった). It's important to note that '一昨年' is a specific term and should not be confused with '去年 (きょねん)', which means 'last year'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

536

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Day before yesterday

Reading

Kanji

一One 昨Yesterday, Previous 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一昨日 (おととい)' refers to 'the day before yesterday'. It is used to specify a day two days prior to the current day. This word is commonly used in daily conversations to refer to past events. For example: I met him the day before yesterday「一昨日彼に会った」(おとといかれにあった). The day before yesterday was rainy「一昨日は雨だった」(おとといはあめだった). Note that this word is a single noun and does not require additional particles when used in a sentence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

537

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Product

Reading

Kanji

商Trade, Deal 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '商品 (しょうひん)' refers to a 'product' or 'goods' that are manufactured or produced for sale. It is commonly used in contexts related to commerce, retail, and business. For example: This store sells high-quality products「この店は高品質の商品を売っています」(このみせはこうひんしつのしょうひんをうっています). The new product will be released next month「新しい商品は来月発売されます」(あたらしいしょうひんはらいげつはつばいされます). The term can also refer to items available for purchase in a store or online, emphasizing their commercial value.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

538

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Husband

Reading

Kanji

夫Man, Husband

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夫 (おっと)' means 'husband'. It is used to refer to a married man in relation to his spouse. This term is neutral and commonly used in everyday conversation. For example: my husband is kind「私の夫は優しい」(わたしのおっとはやさしい). Her husband works at a bank「彼女の夫は銀行で働いています」(かのじょのおっとはぎんこうではたらいています). Note that '夫' is more formal than other terms like '主人 (しゅじん)' or '旦那 (だんな)', which can also mean 'husband' but carry different nuances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

542

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ceremony, Formula

Reading

Kanji

式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '式 (しき)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'ceremony', referring to formal events such as weddings, funerals, or other rituals. For example: The wedding ceremony was beautiful「結婚式は美しかった」(けっこんしきはうつくしかった). The second meaning is 'formula', often used in mathematical, scientific, or technical contexts. For example: This formula is difficult to understand「この式は理解しにくい」(このしきはりかいしにくい). The word '式' is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

544

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flower

Reading

Kanji

花Flower

Explanation

The Japanese noun '花 (はな)' means 'flower'. It refers to the bloom or blossom of a plant, often associated with beauty, nature, and seasons. This word is commonly used in contexts related to gardens, festivals, or metaphors for life and transience. For example: The cherry blossoms are beautiful「桜の花がきれいです」(さくらのはながきれいです). I bought flowers for my mother「母に花を買いました」(ははにはなをかいました). '花' is also used in idiomatic expressions and compound words, such as '花見 (はなみ)' (flower viewing) or '花火 (はなび)' (fireworks).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

546

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Simultaneous

Reading

Kanji

同Same 時Time, Hour

Explanation

The Japanese noun '同時 (どうじ)' means 'simultaneous' or 'at the same time'. It is used to describe events or actions that occur concurrently. This word is often used in contexts where timing or synchronization is important, such as in technology, events, or daily activities. For example: The two events happened simultaneously「二つのイベントが同時に起こった」(ふたつのイベントがどうじにおこった). We started running at the same time「私たちは同時に走り始めた」(わたしたちはどうじにはしりはじめた). The word can also be used in phrases like '同時通訳 (どうじつうやく)' which means 'simultaneous interpretation'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

547

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year

Reading

Kanji

年Year 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年間 (ねんかん)' refers to a period of one year or an annual basis. It is commonly used to describe events, statistics, or activities that occur over the course of a year. For example: annual sales「年間売上」(ねんかんうりあげ). This word can also be used to specify a particular year, such as in 'last year'「昨年間」(さくねんかん). It is important to note that '年間' is often used in contexts involving time frames, schedules, or reports that span a full year.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

548

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recently

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'この間 (このあいだ)' refers to a recent but unspecified time in the past, often translated as 'recently' or 'the other day'. It is used to talk about events or situations that happened not long ago, but without specifying the exact date or time. For example: I met him recently「この間彼に会った」(このあいだかれにあった). We went to that restaurant recently「この間あのレストランに行った」(このあいだあのレストランにいった). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and implies a sense of closeness in time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

550

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Target, Subject

Reading

Kanji

対Against 象Elephant, Phenomenon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対象 (たいしょう)' can mean 'target' or 'subject', depending on the context. When used as 'target', it refers to something or someone that is the focus of an action, such as in marketing or research. For example: the target of this campaign is young people「このキャンペーンの対象は若者です」(このキャンペーンのたいしょうはわかものです). When used as 'subject', it refers to the main topic or theme of discussion or study. For example: the subject of today's lecture is Japanese history「今日の講義の対象は日本の歴史です」(きょうのこうぎのたいしょうはにほんのれきしです). The word is versatile and can be used in various fields, including business, education, and research.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

551

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Area

Reading

Kanji

辺Boundary, Vicinity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '辺り (あたり)' refers to a general area or vicinity. It is often used to describe the surrounding area of a specific location. This word can be used in various contexts, such as indicating the area around a place, or the general vicinity of an event. For example: The area around the station is lively「駅の辺りは賑やかです」(えきのあたりはにぎやかです). I think I left my bag somewhere around here「カバンをこの辺りに置いたと思います」(かばんをこのあたりにおいたとおもいます). Note that '辺り' can also imply a sense of approximation or vagueness when referring to a location.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

552

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ship

Reading

Kanji

船Ship

Explanation

The Japanese noun '船 (ふね)' means 'ship' or 'boat'. It refers to a watercraft used for transportation on water, ranging from small boats to large ships. This word is commonly used in contexts involving travel, fishing, or maritime activities. For example: The ship is big「船は大きい」(ふねはおおきい). I boarded the ship「船に乗った」(ふねにのった). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that carries or transports, such as a 'ship of dreams'「夢の船」(ゆめのふね).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

554

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Height

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高さ (たかさ)' refers to the measurement of how tall or high something is. It is commonly used to describe the vertical extent of objects, structures, or natural features. For example: the height of the mountain「山の高さ」(やまのたかさ). The height of the building is impressive「その建物の高さは印象的です」(そのたてもののたかさはいんしょうてきです). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the level or degree of something, such as 'the height of success'「成功の高さ」(せいこうのたかさ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

555

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Male

Reading

Kanji

男Man 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '男性 (だんせい)' means 'male'. It refers to the male gender and is commonly used to describe adult men. This term is neutral and can be used in formal and informal contexts. For example: He is a male teacher「彼は男性の先生です」(かれはだんせいのせんせいです). The male population is increasing「男性の人口が増えています」(だんせいのじんこうがふえています). It is often used in contrast to '女性 (じょせい)', which means 'female'. The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '男性用 (だんせいよう)', meaning 'for men'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Value

Reading

Kanji

価Price 値Value, Price

Explanation

The Japanese noun '価値 (かち)' means 'value'. It refers to the worth, importance, or usefulness of something, whether tangible or intangible. This word is often used in contexts discussing economic value, moral value, or the significance of an object, idea, or action. For example: This painting has great value「この絵は大きな価値がある」(このえはおおきなかちがある). The value of hard work is immeasurable「努力の価値は計り知れない」(どりょくのかちははかりしれない). It can also be used in phrases like '価値観 (かちかん)' meaning 'values' or 'sense of values'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thought

Reading

Kanji

思Think

Explanation

The Japanese noun '思い (おもい)' primarily means 'thought' or 'feeling'. It refers to the mental process of thinking, as well as the emotions or sentiments that arise from those thoughts. This word is often used to express deep or heartfelt emotions, such as love, longing, or concern. For example: I have strong feelings for you「あなたへの思いが強い」(あなたへのおもいがつよい). My thoughts are with you「あなたへの思いを寄せています」(あなたへのおもいをよせています). It can also be used in a more general sense to describe thoughts or ideas, as in 'I have a thought「思いがある」(おもいがある)'. The word '思い' is versatile and can be used in various contexts to convey both cognitive and emotional aspects of the human experience.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

562

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Day after tomorrow

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 後After, Behind 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '明後日 (あさって)' refers to 'the day after tomorrow'. It is used to specify a point in time two days after the current day. This word is commonly used in daily conversations and planning. For example: I will visit you the day after tomorrow「明後日、あなたを訪ねます」(あさって、あなたをたずねます). The meeting is scheduled for the day after tomorrow「会議は明後日に予定されています」(かいぎはあさってによていされています). Note that '明後日' is a specific temporal term and should not be confused with '明日 (あした)', which means 'tomorrow'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quantity

Reading

Kanji

量Measure, Quantity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '量 (りょう)' refers to 'quantity' or 'amount'. It is used to describe the volume, size, or extent of something, often in a measurable or observable way. This word is commonly used in contexts involving measurement, such as food, liquids, or abstract concepts like effort or time. For example: the quantity of water is large「水の量は多い」(みずのりょうはおおい). The amount of work is overwhelming「仕事の量がすごい」(しごとのりょうがすごい). It can also be used in compound words like '重量 (じゅうりょう)' (weight) or '熱量 (ねつりょう)' (heat quantity).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

565

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

TV

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'テレビ (てれび)' means 'TV' or 'television'. It refers to the electronic device used for watching broadcast programs, shows, or movies. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is a loanword from English. Example sentences: I watch TV every day「毎日テレビを見ます」(まいにちてれびをみます). The TV is broken「テレビが壊れている」(てれびがこわれている). It can also refer to the content being broadcast, as in 'What's on TV?'「テレビで何やってる？」(てれびでなにやってる？).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

567

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Half month

Reading

Kanji

半Half 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半月 (はんつき)' refers to a period of half a month, typically around 15 days. It is often used to describe a specific time frame or duration. For example: I will be on vacation for half a month「半月休みます」(はんつきやすみます). The project will take half a month to complete「そのプロジェクトは半月かかります」(そのプロジェクトははんつきかかります). This term is commonly used in scheduling, planning, and discussing time-related matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Half day

Reading

Kanji

半Half 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半日 (はんにち)' means 'half a day'. It refers to a period of time that is approximately 12 hours, typically used to describe the duration of an activity or event. For example: I took a half-day off from work「仕事を半日休みました」(しごとをはんにちやすみました). The tour lasts for half a day「ツアーは半日かかります」(ツアーははんにちかかります). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a shorter duration compared to a full day.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

571

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wife

Reading

Kanji

妻Wife

Explanation

The Japanese noun '妻 (つま)' means 'wife'. It refers to a married woman in relation to her spouse. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: my wife is kind「私の妻は優しい」(わたしのつまはやさしい). He introduced his wife「彼は妻を紹介した」(かれはつまをしょうかいした). The word '妻' is neutral and does not carry any particular nuance, making it suitable for various situations. It is important to note that '妻' specifically refers to a wife and not to a girlfriend or fiancée.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Every morning

Reading

Kanji

毎Every 朝Morning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毎朝 (まいあさ)' means 'every morning'. It is used to describe something that happens or is done each morning without exception. This word is often used in daily conversations to talk about routines or habits. For example: I drink coffee every morning「毎朝コーヒーを飲みます」(まいあさコーヒーをのみます). She goes jogging every morning「彼女は毎朝ジョギングをします」(かのじょはまいあさジョギングをします). The word '毎朝' is a combination of '毎' (every) and '朝' (morning), and it is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

573

Composition

kanji

Handwriting