Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Introduce

Reading

Kanji

名Name 乗Ride

Explanation

The Japanese verb '名乗る (なのる)' means 'to introduce oneself' or 'to give one's name'. It is used when someone formally or officially states their name, often in situations like introductions, formal meetings, or when identifying oneself. For example: He introduced himself as Tanaka「彼は田中と名乗った」(かれはたなかとなのった). The suspect refused to give his name「容疑者は名乗ることを拒んだ」(ようぎしゃはなのることをこばんだ). This verb can also imply a sense of pride or identity when stating one's name, especially in historical or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4638

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Name

Reading

Kanji

名Name 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '名付ける (なづける)' means 'to name'. It is used when giving a name to someone or something, often in a formal or deliberate manner. This verb is commonly used in contexts such as naming a child, a pet, or even a project. For example: They named their daughter Sakura「彼らは娘をさくらと名付けた」(かれらはむすめをさくらとなづけた). The scientist named the new species『科学者は新種を名付けた』(かがくしゃはしんしゅをなづけた). The verb can also imply a sense of significance or thoughtfulness in the naming process, as it is not used casually.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4644

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Understand

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese verb '解する (かいする)' means 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe the act of grasping the meaning or essence of something. This verb can be used for abstract concepts, ideas, or explanations. For example: I understand the meaning of this poem「この詩の意味を解する」(このしのいみをかいする). He couldn't comprehend the complex theory「彼はその複雑な理論を解することができなかった」(かれはそのふくざつなりろんをかいすることができなかった). Note that '解する' is more formal than the more commonly used '理解する (りかいする)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4649

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Polish

Reading

Kanji

磨Polish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '磨く (みがく)' primarily means 'to polish'. It is used when referring to the act of making something smooth and shiny by rubbing, such as polishing shoes, silverware, or even one's skills. For example: I polished my shoes「靴を磨いた」(くつをみがいた). He is polishing his skills「彼はスキルを磨いている」(かれはスキルをみがいている). The verb can also metaphorically refer to refining or improving abilities, talents, or qualities. Note that the verb is transitive and typically requires a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4650

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add

Reading

Kanji

添Add to, Annexed

Explanation

The Japanese verb '添える (そえる)' means 'to add' or 'to accompany'. It is often used to describe adding something extra to complement or enhance the main item, such as adding a garnish to a dish or including a note with a gift. For example: I added a note to the gift「プレゼントにメモを添えた」(ぷれぜんとにめもをそえた). The chef added parsley to the dish「シェフは料理にパセリを添えた」(しぇふはりょうりにぱせりをそえた). This verb can also imply providing something supplementary or supportive, as in adding an explanation to a document.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4655

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Watch

Reading

Kanji

見See 守Protect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見守る (みまもる)' means 'to watch over' or 'to keep an eye on'. It is often used to describe the act of observing someone or something carefully, usually with a sense of care, protection, or supervision. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as parents watching over their children, a supervisor overseeing a project, or even a guardian angel metaphorically watching over someone. For example: The teacher watched over the students during the field trip「先生は遠足の間、生徒たちを見守った」(せんせいはえんそくのあいだ、せいとたちをみまもった). I will watch over you while you sleep「あなたが眠っている間、見守ります」(あなたがねむっているあいだ、みまもります). The verb implies a sense of responsibility and attentiveness, often with a protective or caring nuance.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4661

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strive

Reading

Kanji

努Toil

Explanation

The Japanese verb '努める (つとめる)' means 'to strive' or 'to make an effort'. It is used to describe putting in effort or working diligently toward a goal. This verb is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as work, studies, or personal improvement. For example: I strive to improve my skills「私はスキルを向上させるよう努めています」(わたしはすきるをこうじょうさせるようつとめています). He strives to be a good father「彼は良い父親になるよう努めている」(かれはよいちちおやになるようつとめている). Note that '努める' can also imply a sense of duty or responsibility in the effort being made.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4676

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Saved

Reading

Kanji

助Help

Explanation

The Japanese verb '助かる (たすかる)' means 'to be saved' or 'to be rescued'. It is often used to express relief or gratitude when someone or something is saved from a difficult or dangerous situation. This verb can also imply being helped or assisted in a way that alleviates a burden. For example: I was saved by the doctor「医者に助かった」(いしゃにたすかった). It really helps me out「とても助かります」(とてもたすかります). The verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, such as being saved from physical danger or being relieved from stress or work.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4685

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look down

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'うつむく (utsumuku)' means 'to look down' or 'to bow one's head'. It is often used to describe a physical action where someone lowers their head, typically due to shyness, sadness, embarrassment, or deep thought. This verb can also convey a sense of introspection or avoidance of eye contact. For example: She looked down in embarrassment「彼女は恥ずかしそうにうつむいた」(かのじょははずかしそうにうつむいた). He bowed his head in thought「彼は考え込んでうつむいた」(かれはかんがえこんでうつむいた). The verb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe a person's posture or emotional state.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4687

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Be rough

Reading

Kanji

荒Wild, Rough

Explanation

The Japanese verb '荒れる (あれる)' primarily means 'to be rough' or 'to be wild'. It is often used to describe weather conditions, such as storms or rough seas, but can also describe emotional states or chaotic situations. For example: The sea is rough today「今日は海が荒れている」(きょうはうみがあれている). His emotions were wild「彼の感情が荒れていた」(かれのかんじょうがあれていた). Additionally, it can describe something becoming ruined or neglected, such as a garden or a relationship. For example: The garden has become overgrown「庭が荒れている」(にわがあれている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4688

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blessed

Reading

Kanji

恵Favor, Bestow a favor

Explanation

The Japanese verb '恵まれる (めぐまれる)' means 'to be blessed' or 'to be endowed with'. It is used to express that someone has been fortunate to receive something valuable, such as talent, resources, or favorable conditions. This verb often conveys a sense of gratitude or acknowledgment of good fortune. For example: She is blessed with a beautiful voice「彼女は美しい声に恵まれている」(かのじょはうつくしいこえにめぐまれている). We are blessed with good weather today「今日は良い天気に恵まれている」(きょうはいいてんきにめぐまれている). Note that this verb is often used in passive form, as it implies receiving something from an external source, such as nature, fate, or a higher power.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4691

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Damage

Reading

Kanji

荒Wild, Rough

Explanation

The Japanese verb '荒す (あらす)' means 'to damage' or 'to ruin'. It is often used to describe the act of causing destruction or disorder to something, such as a place, object, or situation. This verb carries a nuance of leaving something in a worse state than before. For example: The storm damaged the garden「嵐が庭を荒した」(あらしがにわをあらした). Vandals ruined the park「破壊者が公園を荒した」(はかいしゃがこうえんをあらした). Note that '荒す' is typically used in contexts where the damage is intentional or caused by neglect, rather than accidental.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4693

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look around

Reading

Kanji

見See 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見回す (みまわす)' means 'to look around' or 'to survey'. It is used when someone is scanning or observing their surroundings, often with the intention of checking or inspecting something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as looking around a room, surveying a landscape, or inspecting a situation. For example: He looked around the room「彼は部屋を見回した」(かれはへやをみまわした). The security guard surveyed the area「警備員はそのエリアを見回した」(けいびいんはそのえりあをみまわした). The verb often implies a deliberate or thorough action of observation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4701

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flatter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'おだてる (おだてる)' means 'to flatter' or 'to praise someone excessively, often with the intention of manipulating them or encouraging them to do something. It can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying insincerity or ulterior motives. For example: He flattered her to get her to agree「彼は彼女を同意させるためにおだてた」(かれはかのじょをどういさせるためにおだてた). Don't flatter me too much, I know I'm not that good「あまりおだてないで、私はそんなに上手じゃないと知っている」(あまりおだてないで、わたしはそんなにじょうずじゃないとしっている). This verb is often used in contexts where someone is being coaxed or persuaded through praise.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4711

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drag

Reading

Kanji

引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引きずる (ひきずる)' primarily means 'to drag'. It can be used both literally and figuratively. In a literal sense, it refers to pulling something along the ground, such as dragging a heavy object. For example: He dragged the suitcase「彼はスーツケースを引きずった」(かれはスーツケースをひきずった). Figuratively, it can describe prolonging or dragging out a situation, emotion, or problem. For example: She dragged out the conversation「彼女は会話を引きずった」(かのじょはかいわをひきずった). Additionally, it can imply being weighed down by something, such as lingering feelings or consequences. For example: He is still dragging the past「彼はまだ過去を引きずっている」(かれはまだかこをひきずっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4717

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lead

Reading

Kanji

率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese verb '率いる (ひきいる)' means 'to lead' or 'to command'. It is used to describe the action of guiding or directing a group of people, such as a team, an army, or an organization. This verb often implies a sense of responsibility and authority over the group being led. For example: he leads the team「彼はチームを率いる」(かれはチームをひきいる). The general commanded the army「将軍は軍隊を率いた」(しょうぐんはぐんたいをひきいた). Note that '率いる' is typically used in formal or serious contexts, and it is not commonly used for casual leadership roles.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4731

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reform, Revise

Reading

Kanji

改Reform

Explanation

The Japanese verb '改める (あらためる)' primarily means 'to revise' or 'to reform'. It is used when making changes to something in order to improve or correct it. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as revising plans, reforming systems, or correcting behavior. For example: I revised my plans「計画を改めた」(けいかくをあらためた). The government reformed the law「政府は法律を改めた」(せいふはほうりつをあらためた). It's important to note that '改める' often implies a deliberate and thoughtful change, rather than a casual or minor adjustment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4739

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nibble

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かじる (kajiru)' means 'to nibble' or 'to gnaw'. It is used to describe the action of biting or chewing something lightly or repeatedly, often in small bites. This verb is commonly used when referring to animals or people eating something in a way that involves small, repeated bites. For example: The mouse nibbled on the cheese「ネズミがチーズをかじった」(ねずみがチーズをかじった). He nibbled on the bread「彼はパンをかじった」(かれはパンをかじった). Additionally, 'かじる' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe someone who is just starting to learn or understand something, as in 'He nibbled at the basics of programming'「彼はプログラミングの基礎をかじった」(かれはプログラミングのきそをかじった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4746

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sit

Reading

Kanji

腰Loins, Waist 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '腰掛ける (こしかける)' means 'to sit'. This verb is specifically used to describe the action of sitting down on something, such as a chair or bench. It implies a temporary or casual sitting position, often used when someone is taking a short rest or waiting. For example: I sat on the bench「ベンチに腰掛けた」(ベンチにこしかけた). He sat down to rest「彼は休むために腰掛けた」(かれはやすむためにこしかけた). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and is more casual than the formal '座る (すわる) (to sit)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4754

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shout

Reading

Kanji

怒Anger, Angry 鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怒鳴る (どなる)' means 'to shout' or 'to yell', often in an angry or harsh manner. It is used to describe raising one's voice loudly, typically in situations of frustration, anger, or to assert dominance. For example: He shouted at his subordinate「彼は部下に怒鳴った」(かれはぶかにどなった). Don't shout at me!「私に怒鳴らないで！」(わたしにどならないで！). The verb carries a negative connotation and is often associated with aggression or lack of control. It is important to distinguish it from neutral or positive forms of raising one's voice, such as calling out loudly (叫ぶ, さけぶ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4760

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'お目に掛かる (おめにかかる)' is a humble and polite expression meaning 'to meet' or 'to have the honor of meeting someone.' It is often used in formal situations or when showing respect to someone of higher status. For example: I had the honor of meeting the professor「教授にお目に掛かりました」(きょうじゅにおめにかかりました). It is important to note that this verb is typically used in the context of meeting someone for the first time or in a formal setting, and it conveys a sense of humility and respect.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4761

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bow, Worship

Reading

Kanji

拝Worship

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拝む (おがむ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to worship', often used in religious or spiritual contexts, such as praying to a deity or showing reverence. The second meaning is 'to bow deeply', which can signify respect, humility, or supplication. For example: She worships at the shrine every morning「彼女は毎朝神社で拝む」(かのじょはまいあさじんじゃでおがむ). He bowed deeply to show his gratitude「彼は感謝の気持ちを表すために拝んだ」(かれはかんしゃのきもちをあらわすためにおがんだ). The verb is often associated with formal or ceremonial actions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4762

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sound, Ring

Reading

Kanji

鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese verb '鳴らす (ならす)' primarily means 'to ring' or 'to sound'. It is used when making a sound or noise, often intentionally, such as ringing a bell or sounding an alarm. For example: He rang the bell「彼はベルを鳴らした」(かれはベルをならした). The alarm sounded loudly「アラームが大きく鳴らした」(アラームがおおきくならした). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe making one's presence or opinion known, as in 'to make noise' in a figurative sense. It is important to note that '鳴らす' is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being sounded or rung.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4774

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Damage, Hurt

Reading

Kanji

傷Wound, Injury 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傷付ける (きずつける)' can mean both 'to hurt' (emotionally or physically) and 'to damage' (physically). It is often used to describe causing harm to someone's feelings or injuring something physically. For example: I hurt her feelings「彼女の気持ちを傷付けた」(かのじょのきもちをきずつけた). The storm damaged the roof「嵐が屋根を傷付けた」(あらしがやねをきずつけた). The verb can be used in various contexts, but it generally implies causing some form of harm or injury.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4779

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

壊Demolition, Break down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '壊す (こわす)' means 'to break'. It is used when something is physically damaged or destroyed, such as breaking an object or ruining a structure. It can also be used metaphorically, such as breaking a relationship or ruining a plan. Example sentences: I broke the vase「花瓶を壊した」(かびんをこわした). Don't break the rules「ルールを壊さないで」(ルールをこわさないで). The storm broke the bridge「嵐が橋を壊した」(あらしがはしをこわした). Note that '壊す' implies an action done by someone or something, as opposed to '壊れる (こわれる)', which means 'to be broken' and describes the state of something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4780

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Involve

Reading

Kanji

巻Scroll 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '巻き込む (まきこむ)' means 'to involve' or 'to entangle'. It is often used to describe situations where someone or something is drawn into an event, situation, or conflict, sometimes unwillingly. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he got involved in the accident「彼は事故に巻き込まれた」(かれはじこにまきこまれた). The scandal involved many people「そのスキャンダルは多くの人を巻き込んだ」(そのスキャンダルはおおくのひとをまきこんだ). Note that this verb often carries a nuance of being caught up in something beyond one's control.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4781

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Biased

Reading

Kanji

偏Biased

Explanation

The Japanese verb '偏る (かたよる)' means 'to be biased' or 'to lean towards one side'. It is used to describe a situation, opinion, or distribution that is uneven or disproportionately focused on one aspect. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as opinions, diets, or resources. For example: His opinion is biased「彼の意見は偏っている」(かれのいけんはかたよっている). The diet is unbalanced「その食事は偏っている」(そのしょくじはかたよっている). It can also describe physical leaning, such as a tree leaning to one side「木が偏っている」(きがかたよっている). The verb often carries a negative connotation, implying a lack of balance or fairness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4784

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weaken

Reading

Kanji

衰Decline, Wane

Explanation

The Japanese verb '衰える (おとろえる)' means 'to weaken' or 'to decline'. It is used to describe a decrease in strength, power, or intensity. This verb can be applied to physical strength, health, energy, or even abstract concepts like enthusiasm or influence. For example: his health is weakening「彼の健康は衰えている」(かれのけんこうはおとろえている). The company's influence is declining「その会社の影響力は衰えている」(そのかいしゃのえいきょうりょくはおとろえている). It is important to note that '衰える' often implies a gradual or continuous decline rather than a sudden loss.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4799

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regret

Reading

Kanji

惜Regret, Frugal

Explanation

The Japanese verb '惜しむ (おしむ)' primarily means 'to regret' or 'to feel sorrow over the loss or absence of something'. It conveys a sense of valuing something highly and feeling a deep sense of loss or reluctance to part with it. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as regretting the loss of time, opportunities, or even the passing of a loved one. For example: I regret wasting time「時間を惜しむ」(じかんをおしむ). He regretted the loss of his friend「彼は友人の死を惜しんだ」(かれはゆうじんのしをおしんだ). Additionally, '惜しむ' can also imply a sense of sparing or being reluctant to use something valuable, as in sparing no effort「努力を惜しまない」(どりょくをおしまない).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4800

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resent

Reading

Kanji

恨Grudge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '恨む (うらむ)' means 'to resent' or 'to hold a grudge'. It is used to express feelings of bitterness or anger towards someone due to a perceived wrong or injustice. This verb often conveys a deep, lingering sense of resentment. For example: I resent him for betraying me「彼を裏切られたことを恨む」(かれをうらぎられたことをうらむ). She resents her parents for not understanding her「彼女は両親を理解してくれないことを恨んでいる」(かのじょはりょうしんをりかいしてくれないことをうらんでいる). The verb can also imply a sense of regret or sorrow, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4802

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suspect

Reading

Kanji

怪Weird, Suspicious

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怪しむ (あやしむ)' means 'to suspect' or 'to doubt'. It is used when someone has a feeling of distrust or suspicion towards something or someone. This verb often implies a sense of unease or skepticism. For example: I suspect his intentions「彼の意図を怪しむ」(かれのいとをあやしむ). She doubted the truth of his story「彼女は彼の話の真実を怪しんだ」(かのじょはかれのはなしのしんじつをあやしんだ). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as suspecting something is wrong or out of place.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4806

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enter, Board

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り込む (のりこむ)' primarily means 'to board' or 'to enter' a vehicle or a place, often with a sense of purpose or determination. It is commonly used when someone gets into a car, train, airplane, or other modes of transportation. For example: I boarded the train「電車に乗り込んだ」(でんしゃにのりこんだ). The soldiers entered the building「兵士たちが建物に乗り込んだ」(へいしたちがたてものにのりこんだ). The verb can also imply a sense of actively engaging or immersing oneself in a situation, such as entering a new project or challenge. For instance: She dove into the new project「彼女は新しいプロジェクトに乗り込んだ」(かのじょはあたらしいぷろじぇくとにのりこんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4816

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Burn

Reading

Kanji

焦Char, Scorch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '焦げる (こげる)' means 'to burn' or 'to be burnt'. It is specifically used to describe something that has been burned, often to the point of being charred or scorched. This verb is commonly used in the context of cooking, where food has been burned, but it can also be used more generally to describe any object that has been burned. For example: the toast burned「トーストが焦げた」(トーストがこげた). The pan burned the food「フライパンが食べ物を焦げさせた」(フライパンがたべものをこげさせた). It is important to note that '焦げる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes the state of something being burned rather than the action of burning something (which would be '焦がす (こがす)').

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4818

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tickle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くすぐる (kusuguru)' means 'to tickle'. It is used to describe the action of lightly touching someone in a way that causes a tingling or itching sensation, often leading to laughter. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: she tickled her little brother「彼女は弟をくすぐった」(かのじょはおとうとをくすぐった). The comedian's joke tickled the audience「そのコメディアンのジョークは観客をくすぐった」(そのコメディアンのジョークはかんきゃくをくすぐった). In a figurative sense, it can also describe something that mildly excites or amuses, such as a lighthearted story or a playful comment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4837

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break, Crush

Reading

Kanji

砕Smash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '砕く (くだく)' primarily means 'to crush' or 'to break'. It is used to describe the action of physically breaking something into smaller pieces, such as rocks, ice, or other hard materials. It can also be used metaphorically to describe breaking down abstract concepts, such as breaking down a problem or someone's spirit. For example: He crushed the ice with a hammer「彼はハンマーで氷を砕いた」(かれはハンマーでこおりをくだいた). The news broke her heart「その知らせは彼女の心を砕いた」(そのしらせはかのじょのこころをくだいた). Note that '砕く' often implies a deliberate or forceful action, and it is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4844

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

砕Smash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '砕ける (くだける)' primarily means 'to break' or 'to be broken'. It is often used to describe something physically breaking into smaller pieces, such as glass or rocks. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something abstract, like a person's spirit or resolve, being broken. For example: The glass broke into pieces「ガラスが砕けた」(ガラスがくだけた). His spirit was broken by the harsh criticism「彼の精神は厳しい批判で砕けた」(かれのせいしんはきびしいひはんでくだけた). Additionally, '砕ける' can imply a sense of softening or becoming more approachable, as in '砕けた態度 (くだけたたいど)' (a relaxed or informal attitude).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4845

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ruin, Crush

Reading

Kanji

潰Defile

Explanation

The Japanese verb '潰す (つぶす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to crush,' which refers to physically destroying something by applying pressure, such as crushing a can or squashing an insect. For example: I crushed the can「缶を潰した」(かんをつぶした). The second meaning is 'to ruin,' which refers to causing something to fail or be destroyed, often in a metaphorical sense, such as ruining plans or wasting time. For example: He ruined the plan「彼は計画を潰した」(かれはけいかくをつぶした). The verb can also imply wasting resources or opportunities, as in 'to squander.' The nuance depends on the context, so it's important to pay attention to the object being acted upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4847

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Whisper

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ささやく' means 'to whisper'. It is used to describe speaking very softly or quietly, often in a way that is intended to be heard only by a specific person or group. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as sharing secrets, expressing intimate thoughts, or conveying something discreetly. For example: She whispered in my ear「彼女は私の耳にささやいた」(かのじょはわたしのみみにささやいた). The wind whispered through the trees「風が木々の間でささやいていた」(かぜがきぎのあいだでささやいていた). The verb often carries a sense of intimacy or secrecy, making it suitable for poetic or emotional expressions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4857

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wield

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing

Explanation

The Japanese verb '振るう (ふるう)' primarily means 'to wield' or 'to brandish'. It is often used to describe the action of handling or using something, such as a tool or weapon, with skill or force. For example: He wielded the sword skillfully「彼は剣を巧みに振るった」(かれはけんをたくみにふるった). Additionally, '振るう' can also mean 'to flourish' or 'to thrive', particularly in contexts where something is developing or performing exceptionally well. For example: The business is flourishing「そのビジネスは振るっている」(そのビジネスはふるっている). This verb can be used in both literal and figurative senses, making it versatile in various contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4858

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Correct

Reading

Kanji

然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese verb '然り (しかり)' is a classical or formal term meaning 'correct' or 'to be so'. It is often used in written or formal contexts to affirm or agree with a statement. In modern Japanese, it is less commonly used in everyday conversation but may appear in literature, legal documents, or formal speeches. For example: That is correct「それは然り」(それはしかり). The decision is correct「その決定は然り」(そのけっていはしかり). Note that this verb is often used in its classical form and may sound archaic in casual settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4871

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tilt

Reading

Kanji

傾Incline, Lean

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傾ける (かたむける)' primarily means 'to tilt' or 'to incline'. It is used to describe the action of causing something to lean or slant in a particular direction. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as tilting a glass, or metaphorically, such as tilting one's attention or efforts towards something. For example: He tilted his head「彼は頭を傾けた」(かれはあたまをかたむけた). She is tilting her efforts towards the project「彼女はそのプロジェクトに力を傾けている」(かのじょはそのプロジェクトにちからをかたむけている). The verb can also imply a sense of dedication or focus, as in dedicating one's heart or mind to a task.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4882

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respect

Reading

Kanji

敬Respect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '敬う (うやまう)' means 'to respect' or 'to honor'. It is used to express deep respect or reverence towards someone, often someone of higher status, such as elders, teachers, or deities. This verb carries a formal and respectful tone, and it is commonly used in contexts where showing deference is important. Example sentences: We respect our ancestors「私たちは先祖を敬う」(わたしたちはせんぞをうやまう). He respects his teacher deeply「彼は先生を深く敬う」(かれはせんせいをふかくうやまう). The verb is often used in formal or ceremonial contexts, emphasizing a sense of dignity and reverence.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4888

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add

Reading

Kanji

付Attach 加Join, Add

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付け加える (つけくわえる)' means 'to add' or 'to append'. It is used when someone wants to include additional information, details, or elements to something that already exists. This verb is often used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in conversations, writing, or instructions. For example: I will add a comment to the report「レポートにコメントを付け加えます」(レポートにコメントをつけくわえます). She added some spices to the soup「彼女はスープにスパイスを付け加えた」(かのじょはスープにスパイスをつけくわえた). The nuance of this verb implies that the addition is supplementary or enhancing, rather than being the main focus.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4898

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Revive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'よみがえる (yomigaeru)' means 'to revive' or 'to be restored'. It is often used to describe something that comes back to life, regains strength, or is restored to its former state. This can apply to physical, emotional, or even abstract concepts. For example: the old tradition has been revived「古い伝統がよみがえった」(ふるいでんとうがよみがえった). His memories came back to life「彼の記憶がよみがえった」(かれのきおくがよみがえった). The word can also imply a sense of renewal or resurgence, often with a positive connotation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4905

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Watch, Guard

Reading

Kanji

見See 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見張る (みはる)' means 'to watch' or 'to guard'. It is used to describe the act of keeping a close eye on something or someone, often to prevent danger or ensure safety. This verb is commonly used in contexts involving surveillance, security, or monitoring. For example: The guard is watching the entrance「警備員が入り口を見張っている」(けいびいんがはいりぐちをみはっている). She watched the children playing in the park「彼女は公園で遊んでいる子供たちを見張っていた」(かのじょはこうえんであそんでいるこどもたちをみはっていた). Note that '見張る' can also imply vigilance or alertness, as in watching for potential threats or changes.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4929

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese verb '指差す (ゆびさす)' means 'to point' or 'to indicate with a finger'. It is used when someone uses their finger to direct attention to something or someone. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as giving directions or identifying objects. For example: He pointed at the map「彼は地図を指差した」(かれはちずをゆびさした). She pointed to the sign「彼女は看板を指差した」(かのじょはかんばんをゆびさした). The verb can also be used metaphorically to indicate something indirectly or to highlight an issue.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4930

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Numb

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'しびれる' primarily means 'to go numb' or 'to become numb'. It is often used to describe the physical sensation of numbness, such as when a limb falls asleep due to poor circulation. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe an overwhelming emotional sensation, such as being moved deeply by something. Example sentences: My leg went numb「足がしびれた」(あしがしびれた). I was deeply moved by the music「その音楽にしびれた」(そのおんがくにしびれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4932

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Go back, Trace back

Reading

Kanji

遡Retrace the past, Go upstream

Explanation

The Japanese verb '遡る (さかのぼる)' primarily means 'to go back' or 'to trace back' in time or to a point of origin. It is often used to describe retracing steps, revisiting past events, or exploring the origins of something. For example: Let's trace back the history of this tradition「この伝統の歴史を遡りましょう」(このでんとうのれきしをさかのぼりましょう). The river flows back to its source「その川は源まで遡る」(そのかわはみなもとまでさかのぼる). This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in describing time, history, or even physical paths.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4941

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dry

Reading

Kanji

乾Dry

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乾く (かわく)' means 'to dry'. It is used to describe the process of something becoming dry, such as clothes, hair, or the ground after rain. This verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object. For example: the laundry dried「洗濯物が乾いた」(せんたくものがかわいた). The ground dried after the rain「雨の後、地面が乾いた」(あめのあと、じめんがかわいた). Note that '乾く' is often used in contexts where something naturally dries over time, as opposed to actively drying something, which would use the transitive verb '乾かす (かわかす)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4958

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffice

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verb '足る (たる)' means 'to suffice' or 'to be enough'. It is used to indicate that something meets the necessary requirements or is adequate for a particular purpose. This verb is often used in formal or literary contexts. For example: This amount of money is sufficient「この金額で足る」(このきんがくでたる). His explanation suffices「彼の説明で足る」(かれのせつめいでたる). It can also be used in negative forms to indicate insufficiency, as in 'This is not enough「これでは足りない」(これではたりない)'. Note that '足る' is less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to its synonym '足りる (たりる)', which has a similar meaning but is more casual.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4963

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Topple

Reading

Kanji

倒Topple, Overthrow

Explanation

The Japanese verb '倒す (たおす)' primarily means 'to topple' or 'to knock down'. It is used to describe the action of causing something or someone to fall over, either physically or metaphorically. For example: He toppled the opponent in the match「彼は試合で相手を倒した」(かれはしあいであいてをたおした). The storm toppled the trees「嵐が木を倒した」(あらしがきをたおした). Additionally, '倒す' can be used in a figurative sense, such as defeating an enemy or overcoming a challenge. For example: They toppled the corrupt government「彼らは腐敗した政府を倒した」(かれらはふはいしたせいふをたおした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4976

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Takeout

Reading

Kanji

持Hold 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '持ち出す (もちだす)' primarily means 'to take out' or 'to carry out'. It is used when referring to physically removing something from a place, such as taking an item out of a bag or carrying furniture out of a room. It can also be used metaphorically to describe bringing up a topic or issue in conversation. For example: I took the book out of my bag「本をバッグから持ち出した」(ほんをバッグからもちだした). He brought up an important issue during the meeting「彼は会議中に重要な問題を持ち出した」(かれはかいぎちゅうにじゅうようなもんだいをもちだした). The verb is often used in contexts where something is being moved from one place to another, either physically or conceptually.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4977

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crazy, Broken

Reading

Kanji

狂Crazy, Lunatic

Explanation

The Japanese verb '狂う (くるう)' can have two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'crazy', referring to a state of mental instability or irrational behavior. For example: he went crazy「彼は狂った」(かれはくるった). The second meaning is 'broken', referring to something that is out of order or not functioning correctly. For example: the clock is broken「時計が狂っている」(とけいがくるっている). The context in which this verb is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that '狂う' can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or plans that have gone awry.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4986

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Withdraw

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き取る (ひきとる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to take' or 'to take in', often used in contexts where someone takes responsibility for something or someone, such as taking in a stray animal or accepting a package. For example: I took in the stray cat「私はその野良猫を引き取った」(わたしはそののらねこをひきとった). The second meaning is 'to withdraw' or 'to retire', used in contexts where someone steps back or retreats from a situation. For example: He withdrew from the meeting「彼は会議から引き取った」(かれはかいぎからひきとった). The verb can also imply a sense of responsibility or care, especially in the first meaning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4987

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serve

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '仕える (つかえる)' means 'to serve'. It is used to describe the act of serving someone, often in a formal or respectful context, such as serving a master, a superior, or a deity. It can also imply loyalty and dedication. For example: He serves the king「彼は王に仕える」(かれはおうにつかえる). She serves at the temple「彼女は寺に仕える」(かのじょはてらにつかえる). The verb is often used in contexts involving duty, hierarchy, or religious service.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4994

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entangle

Reading

Kanji

絡Entwine, Interlink

Explanation

The Japanese verb '絡む (からむ)' primarily means 'to entangle' or 'to get tangled'. It is used to describe situations where things become intertwined or complicated, either physically or metaphorically. For example: The thread got tangled「糸が絡んだ」(いとがからんだ). He always complicates things「彼はいつも話を絡ませる」(かれはいつもはなしをからませる). This verb can also imply involvement or interference, as in 'He got involved in the matter'「彼はその問題に絡んだ」(かれはそのもんだいにからんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5004

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strengthen, Harden

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese verb '固める (かためる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to harden', which refers to making something physically solid or firm, such as cement or clay. The second meaning is 'to strengthen' or 'to solidify', often used in abstract contexts like relationships, plans, or resolve. For example: The cement hardened「セメントが固まった」(セメントがかたまった). She strengthened her resolve「彼女は決意を固めた」(かのじょはけついをかためた). Note that this verb can also imply making something more secure or stable, such as '固める計画 (かためるけいかく)' (to solidify a plan).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5009

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hurt

Reading

Kanji

痛Pain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '痛む (いたむ)' means 'to hurt' or 'to feel pain'. It is used to describe physical pain, emotional pain, or even the deterioration of objects. For example: my head hurts「頭が痛む」(あたまがいたむ). Her heart ached when she heard the news「その知らせを聞いて、彼女の心が痛んだ」(そのしらせをきいて、かのじょのこころがいたんだ). The old book is deteriorating「古い本が痛んでいる」(ふるいほんがいたんでいる). This verb can be used for both animate and inanimate subjects, making it versatile in describing various types of pain or damage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5018

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Base

Reading

Kanji

踏Step on, Step

Explanation

The Japanese verb '踏まえる (ふまえる)' means 'to base' or 'to ground' something on a particular foundation or premise. It is often used in contexts where decisions, arguments, or actions are founded on specific facts, principles, or circumstances. For example: The plan is based on accurate data「その計画は正確なデータに踏まえている」(そのけいかくはせいかくなデータにふまえている). His opinion is grounded in experience「彼の意見は経験に踏まえている」(かれのいけんはけいけんにふまえている). The verb can also imply a sense of taking something into account or considering it as a basis for further action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5019

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Turn

Reading

Kanji

振Shake, Swing 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese verb '振り向く (ふりむく)' means 'to turn' or 'to look back'. It is used when someone turns their head or body to face a different direction, often in response to a sound or call. This verb can also carry a metaphorical meaning, such as reconsidering a past decision or reflecting on something. For example: She turned when I called her name「私が名前を呼ぶと彼女は振り向いた」(わたしがなまえをよぶとかのじょはふりむいた). He looked back at his childhood memories「彼は子供時代の思い出に振り向いた」(かれはこどものじだいのおもいでにふりむいた). Note that this verb is often used in contexts involving physical movement or emotional reflection.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5020

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concern

Reading

Kanji

係Person in charge, Connection

Explanation

The Japanese verb '係る (かかる)' means 'to concern' or 'to relate to'. It is used to indicate that something is connected to or involves a particular matter or subject. This verb is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: This issue concerns everyone「この問題は皆に係る」(このもんだいはみなにかかる). The decision relates to the company's future「その決定は会社の将来に係る」(そのけっていはかいしゃのしょうらいにかかる). Note that '係る' is typically used in written or formal speech, and in casual conversation, other verbs like '関係する (かんけいする)' might be more common.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5024

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yearn

Reading

Kanji

憧Yearn, Long for

Explanation

The Japanese verb '憧れる (あこがれる)' means 'to yearn' or 'to long for'. It is used to express a deep admiration or desire for something or someone, often with a sense of idealization. This verb is commonly used when talking about aspirations, dreams, or admiration for a person, lifestyle, or achievement. For example: I yearn to become a musician「私はミュージシャンに憧れている」(わたしはミュージシャンにあこがれている). She yearns for a life in Paris「彼女はパリでの生活に憧れている」(かのじょはパリでのせいかつにあこがれている). The verb often carries a nuance of something being slightly out of reach or idealized.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5025

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drown

Reading

Kanji

溺Drown, Indulge

Explanation

The Japanese verb '溺れる (おぼれる)' primarily means 'to drown'. It refers to the act of being submerged in water and unable to breathe, often leading to suffocation. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe being overwhelmed by emotions or circumstances. For example: He drowned in the river「彼は川で溺れた」(かれはかわでおぼれた). She is drowning in work「彼女は仕事に溺れている」(かのじょはしごとにおぼれている). The verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in expressing situations of being overwhelmed or consumed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5026

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End, Die

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '果てる (はてる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to end' or 'to come to an end', often used to describe the conclusion of events, situations, or processes. The second meaning is 'to die', which is a more poetic or literary usage, often implying a final or irreversible end. For example: The meeting came to an end「会議が果てた」(かいぎがはてた). The old man passed away「老人は果てた」(ろうじんははてた). This verb carries a sense of finality and is often used in more formal or dramatic contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5037

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cook

Reading

Kanji

炊Boil, Cook

Explanation

The Japanese verb '炊く (たく)' specifically refers to the act of cooking or boiling, particularly in the context of preparing rice. It is commonly used when talking about cooking rice in a pot or rice cooker. For example: I cooked rice「ご飯を炊いた」(ごはんをたいた). She cooks rice every morning「彼女は毎朝ご飯を炊く」(かのじょはまいあさごはんをたく). This verb is distinct from other cooking-related verbs like '料理する (りょうりする)' (to cook in general) or '焼く (やく)' (to grill or bake), as it specifically implies the process of boiling or steaming, especially for grains like rice.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5044

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peek

Reading

Kanji

込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'のぞき込む (のぞきこむ)' means 'to peek' or 'to look into something closely'. It is often used when someone is trying to see something by leaning forward or looking into a confined space. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: she peeked into the box「彼女は箱をのぞき込んだ」(かのじょははこをのぞきこんだ). He peered into the dark room「彼は暗い部屋をのぞき込んだ」(かれはくらいへやをのぞきこんだ). The verb implies curiosity or an attempt to see something that is not immediately visible.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5045

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Omit

Reading

Kanji

欠Lack

Explanation

The Japanese verb '欠かす (かかす)' means 'to omit' or 'to leave out'. It is used when something essential or expected is not included or done. This verb often implies that the omitted thing is important or necessary. For example: I never omit breakfast「私は朝食を欠かさない」(わたしはちょうしょくをかかさない). He omitted an important detail in his report「彼は報告書で重要な詳細を欠かした」(かれはほうこくしょでじゅうようなしょうさいをかかした). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as omitting a step in a process or skipping a routine.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5052

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soak, Sting

Reading

Kanji

染Dye

Explanation

The Japanese verb '染みる (しみる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to soak' or 'to permeate', often used to describe liquids or substances penetrating into something. For example: the rain soaked into the ground「雨が地面に染みた」(あめがじめんにしみた). The second meaning is 'to sting' or 'to smart', often used to describe a sharp, tingling sensation, such as from cold, heat, or emotional pain. For example: the cold wind stung my cheeks「冷たい風が頬に染みた」(つめたいかぜがほおにしみた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when emotions 'soak in' deeply or when criticism 'stings'. Note that the context determines which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5053

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sing

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'うたう' means 'to sing'. It is used to describe the action of producing musical sounds with the voice. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as singing a song, singing in a choir, or even metaphorically describing something that resembles singing. For example: She sings beautifully「彼女は美しく歌う」(かのじょはうつくしくうたう). I will sing a song at the concert「コンサートで歌を歌います」(コンサートでうたをうたいます). The birds are singing in the morning「鳥たちが朝に歌っている」(とりたちがあさにうたっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5074

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pierce, Persist

Reading

Kanji

貫Pierce, Sushi counter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '貫く (つらぬく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pierce' or 'to penetrate', often used in a physical sense, such as piercing through an object. For example: The arrow pierced the target「矢が的を貫いた」(やがまとをつらぬいた). The second meaning is 'to persist' or 'to carry through', referring to maintaining a principle, belief, or course of action despite challenges. For example: He persisted in his beliefs「彼は信念を貫いた」(かれはしんねんをつらぬいた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, making it important to consider the surrounding context to determine the intended meaning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5085

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Come

Reading

Kanji

来Come

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'やって来る (やってくる)' means 'to come'. This verb is used to describe the action of someone or something arriving at a location, often from a considerable distance or after a period of time. It emphasizes the process of coming, rather than just the state of being present. For example: he came from far away「彼は遠くからやって来た」(かれはとおくからやってきた). The train is coming「電車がやって来る」(でんしゃがやってくる). This verb is often used in contexts where the arrival is notable or significant.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5096

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hang

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ぶら下がる (ぶらさがる)' means 'to hang' or 'to dangle'. It is used to describe something that is suspended or hanging loosely from a point, often implying a sense of swaying or dangling freely. This verb can be used for both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: The key is hanging from the hook「鍵がフックにぶら下がっている」(かぎがフックにぶらさがっている). He was hanging from the tree branch「彼は木の枝にぶら下がっていた」(かれはきのえだにぶらさがっていた). Note that this verb often conveys a sense of looseness or lack of tension in the hanging object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5115

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hang

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ぶら下げる (ぶらさげる)' means 'to hang' something loosely or casually, often implying that the object is dangling or swinging. It is commonly used when referring to carrying or suspending something in a relaxed manner, such as a bag or an ornament. For example: She hung her bag on the hook「彼女はバッグをフックにぶら下げた」(かのじょはバッグをフックにぶらさげた). He hung the lantern from the tree「彼はランタンを木にぶら下げた」(かれはランタンをきにぶらさげた). This verb conveys a sense of looseness or casualness in the way something is hung, as opposed to being firmly attached.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5116

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tire

Reading

Kanji

飽Sated, Satiated

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飽きる (あきる)' means 'to tire of' or 'to get bored with'. It is used to express the feeling of losing interest in something after experiencing it for a while. This verb is often used to describe a change in emotional state, such as becoming bored with a hobby, a job, or even a relationship. For example: I got tired of playing video games「ゲームに飽きた」(ゲームにあきた). She got bored with her job「彼女は仕事に飽きた」(かのじょはしごとにあきた). It's important to note that '飽きる' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the object of boredom or tiredness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5136

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drunk

Reading

Kanji

酔Drunk

Explanation

The Japanese verb '酔う (よう)' primarily means 'to get drunk' or 'to be intoxicated'. It is commonly used to describe the state of being under the influence of alcohol. However, it can also be used in a broader sense to describe feeling dizzy or nauseous, such as from motion sickness. For example: I got drunk at the party「パーティーで酔った」(ぱーてぃーでようった). She gets carsick easily「彼女はすぐに酔う」(かのじょはすぐによう). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe being captivated or enchanted by something, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5137

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point, Stab

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'さす' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stab' or 'to pierce', which refers to the action of thrusting a sharp object into something. For example: he stabbed the knife into the apple「彼はリンゴにナイフをさした」(かれはりんごにないふをさした). The second meaning is 'to point' or 'to indicate', which refers to directing attention or indicating a direction. For example: she pointed to the map「彼女は地図をさした」(かのじょはちずをさした). The context in which 'さす' is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that the verb can be used both literally and figuratively, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5147

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Read, Interpret

Reading

Kanji

読Read 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '読み取る (よみとる)' can mean both 'interpret' and 'read'. When used to mean 'interpret', it refers to understanding or extracting meaning from something, such as data, emotions, or situations. For example: he interpreted the data「彼はデータを読み取った」(かれはデータをよみとった). When used to mean 'read', it often implies reading and understanding written or visual information, such as text or symbols. For example: she read the ancient script「彼女は古代文字を読み取った」(かのじょはこだいもじをよみとった). The verb is commonly used in contexts where deeper understanding or analysis is required.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5148

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rest

Reading

Kanji

休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese verb '休める (やすめる)' means 'to rest' or 'to give something a break'. It is the transitive form of the verb '休む (やすむ)', which means 'to rest' or 'to take a break'. '休める' is used when someone or something is actively allowing or causing another person or thing to rest. For example: I let my eyes rest「目を休めた」(めをやすめた). He rested his voice「彼は声を休めた」(かれはこえをやすめた). This verb is often used in contexts where someone is giving themselves or something else a break, such as resting a body part, a machine, or even a concept like effort.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5152

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Takein, Confuse

Reading

Kanji

取Take 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り込む (とりこむ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to take in' or 'to bring inside', often used in contexts like bringing items indoors or incorporating something into a system. For example: She took in the laundry before it rained「彼女は雨が降る前に洗濯物を取り込んだ」(かのじょはあめがふるまえにせんたくものをとりこんだ). The second meaning is 'to confuse' or 'to fluster', often used when someone is overwhelmed or distracted. For example: The sudden question confused him「突然の質問に彼は取り込んだ」(とつぜんのしつもんにかれはとりこんだ). The verb's usage depends on the context, so pay attention to the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5180

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '閉める (しめる)' means 'to close'. It is used when referring to the action of closing something, such as a door, window, or container. This verb is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object to complete its meaning. For example: Please close the door「ドアを閉めてください」(ドアをしめてください). She closed the window「彼女は窓を閉めた」(かのじょはまどをしめた). It is important to note that '閉める' is often used for physical objects that can be opened and closed, and it implies a deliberate action to shut something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5187

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kick

Reading

Kanji

蹴Kick

Explanation

The Japanese verb '蹴る (ける)' means 'to kick'. It is used to describe the action of striking or hitting something with the foot. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he kicked the ball「彼はボールを蹴った」(かれはボールをけった). She kicked the habit「彼女はその癖を蹴った」(かのじょはそのくせをけった). In the second example, '蹴る' is used figuratively to mean 'to quit' or 'to give up' a habit. The verb can also be used in various forms to indicate different tenses or levels of politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5204

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Realize

Reading

Kanji

悟Spiritually awakened, Comprehension

Explanation

The Japanese verb '悟る (さとる)' means 'to realize' or 'to become aware of', often in a profound or spiritual sense. It is commonly used to describe the moment of enlightenment or understanding, particularly in a philosophical or religious context. For example: He realized the truth「彼は真実を悟った」(かれはしんじつをさとった). She became aware of her mistake「彼女は自分の過ちを悟った」(かのじょはじぶんのあやまちをさとった). This verb can also imply a deep, often sudden, comprehension of a situation or concept, and is frequently used in contexts related to Buddhism or personal growth.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5205

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

贈Present, Presents

Explanation

The Japanese verb '贈る (おくる)' means 'to give' or 'to present'. It is specifically used when giving something as a gift, award, or token of appreciation. This verb carries a nuance of formality and is often used in contexts like giving presents, awards, or donations. For example: I will give a book as a gift「本を贈ります」(ほんをおくります). They gave her a medal「彼らは彼女にメダルを贈った」(かれらはかのじょにメダルをおくった). Note that '贈る' is distinct from other verbs like 'あげる', as it implies a more formal or ceremonial act of giving.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5217

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hire

Reading

Kanji

雇Employ, Hire

Explanation

The Japanese verb '雇う (やとう)' means 'to hire'. It is used when referring to the act of employing someone, typically for a job or service. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as hiring employees, workers, or even temporary staff. For example: The company hired new employees「会社は新しい従業員を雇った」(かいしゃはあたらしいじゅうぎょういんをやとう). They hired a gardener「彼らは庭師を雇った」(かれらはにわしをやとう). The nuance of '雇う' often implies a formal or contractual employment relationship, distinguishing it from more casual arrangements.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5220

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add, Hold

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'くわえる' (kuwaeru) has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to add', which refers to including something extra or supplementary. For example: add sugar to the tea「お茶に砂糖をくわえる」(おちゃにさとうをくわえる). The second meaning is 'to hold in the mouth', often used when an animal or person holds something gently between their teeth or lips. For example: the dog holds the bone in its mouth「犬が骨をくわえている」(いぬがほねをくわえている). The context will usually clarify which meaning is intended, as they are distinct in usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5227

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Embark, Lean out

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗り出す (のりだす)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to lean out', which is often used when someone leans out of a window, vehicle, or other structure. For example: he leaned out of the window「彼は窓から乗り出した」(かれはまどからのりだした). The second meaning is 'to embark on' or 'to start something new', such as a project or journey. For example: she embarked on a new career「彼女は新しいキャリアに乗り出した」(かのじょはあたらしいキャリアにのりだした). These two meanings are unrelated, so both are included as separate meanings. The verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5228

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manage, Conduct

Reading

Kanji

営Manage

Explanation

The Japanese verb '営む (いとなむ)' primarily means 'to manage' or 'to conduct'. It is often used to describe the act of running or operating a business, organization, or activity. For example: he manages a small shop「彼は小さな店を営んでいる」(かれはちいさなみせをいとなんでいる). The company conducts its operations globally「その会社は世界規模で事業を営んでいる」(そのかいしゃはせかいきぼでじぎょうをいとなんでいる). Additionally, it can be used in a broader sense to describe the conduct of life or daily activities, such as 'to lead a life' or 'to carry out daily routines'. For example: she leads a quiet life「彼女は静かな生活を営んでいる」(かのじょはしずかなせいかつをいとなんでいる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5235

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Callout

Reading

Kanji

呼Invite, Call 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呼び掛ける (よびかける)' primarily means 'to call out' or 'to appeal to someone'. It is often used when addressing a group of people or making a public appeal. This verb can also imply a sense of urgency or importance in the call. For example: The teacher called out to the students「先生は生徒に呼び掛けた」(せんせいはせいとによびかけた). The politician appealed to the citizens for support「政治家は市民に支援を呼び掛けた」(せいじかはしみんにしえんをよびかけた). The nuance of this verb often involves reaching out to others, whether for attention, help, or action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5236

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hurt

Reading

Kanji

傷Wound, Injury 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傷付く (きずつく)' means 'to get hurt' or 'to be injured'. This verb can refer to both physical injuries and emotional pain. It is often used to describe situations where someone's feelings are hurt or when someone sustains a physical wound. For example: She was hurt by his words「彼女は彼の言葉で傷付いた」(かのじょはかれのことばできずついた). The child got hurt while playing「子供は遊んでいて傷付いた」(こどもはあそんでいてきずついた). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when one's pride or reputation is damaged.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5249

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rush

Reading

Kanji

駆Spur on, Gallop 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '駆け付ける (かけつける)' means 'to rush to a place' or 'to hurry to arrive'. It is often used when someone is in a hurry to reach a specific location, usually in response to an urgent situation or to provide assistance. This verb conveys a sense of urgency and purpose. For example: I rushed to the hospital「病院に駆け付けた」(びょういんにかけつけた). He hurried to the scene of the accident「彼は事故現場に駆け付けた」(かれはじこげんばにかけつけた). The verb is commonly used in situations where time is critical, such as emergencies or important events.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5262

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Melt

Reading

Kanji

溶Melt, Dissolve

Explanation

The Japanese verb '溶ける (とける)' means 'to melt'. It is used to describe the process of a solid substance turning into a liquid, often due to heat. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe emotions or tensions dissipating. For example: the ice melted「氷が溶けた」(こおりがとけた). Her anger melted away「彼女の怒りが溶けた」(かのじょのいかりがとけた). Note that '溶ける' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. For the transitive form, meaning 'to melt something', the verb '溶かす (とかす)' is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5263

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Kanji

誤Mistake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '誤る (あやまる)' means 'to make a mistake' or 'to err'. It is used when someone commits an error or does something incorrectly. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as making a wrong decision, misunderstanding something, or failing in an attempt. For example: I made a mistake in my calculations「計算を誤った」(けいさんをあやまった). He erred in his judgment「彼は判断を誤った」(かれははんだんをあやまった). Note that '誤る' is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it implies a sense of responsibility for the mistake.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5275

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治まる (おさまる)' means 'to settle' or 'to calm down'. It is often used to describe situations where something chaotic or unstable becomes calm or orderly. This can refer to physical disturbances, emotional states, or societal conditions. For example: The storm has settled「嵐が治まった」(あらしがおさまった). His anger finally settled「彼の怒りはついに治まった」(かれのいかりはついにおさまった). The conflict in the region has settled「その地域の紛争は治まった」(そのちいきのふんそうはおさまった). The verb can also imply a return to a normal or peaceful state after a period of unrest.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5276

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle, Tidy

Reading

Kanji

片Fragment, One sided 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '片付ける (かたづける)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to tidy' or 'to put things in order,' often used in the context of cleaning or organizing a space. For example: I will tidy my room「部屋を片付けます」(へやをかたづけます). The second meaning is 'to settle' or 'to resolve,' often used in the context of dealing with tasks, problems, or obligations. For example: I need to settle this matter「この問題を片付けなければならない」(このもんだいをかたづけなければならない). The verb is versatile and commonly used in daily life, emphasizing the completion or organization of something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5277

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guess

Reading

Kanji

察Guess

Explanation

The Japanese verb '察する (さっする)' means 'to guess' or 'to infer'. It is often used when someone deduces or understands something based on subtle hints, context, or intuition, rather than explicit information. This verb is commonly used in situations where empathy or understanding of another person's feelings or thoughts is involved. For example: I guessed his feelings「彼の気持ちを察した」(かれのきもちをさっした). She inferred the situation from his expression「彼の表情から状況を察した」(かれのひょうじょうからじょうきょうをさっした). The verb carries a nuance of sensitivity and insight, making it a key term in contexts involving emotional intelligence or subtle communication.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5278

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make do

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '間に合わせる (まにあわせる)' means 'to make do' or 'to manage with what is available'. It is often used when someone has to use something that is not ideal or sufficient for the task at hand, but they manage to complete it anyway. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as work, daily life, or emergencies. For example: I had to make do with the old tools「古い道具で間に合わせた」(ふるいどうぐでまにあわせた). She managed to make do with the little money she had「彼女は少ないお金で間に合わせた」(かのじょはすくないおかねでまにあわせた). The verb implies a sense of resourcefulness and adaptability in challenging situations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5303

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Glare

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'にらむ (niramu)' means 'to glare' or 'to stare intensely'. It is used to describe a strong, often hostile or suspicious gaze directed at someone or something. This verb can also imply a sense of scrutiny or suspicion. For example: he glared at me「彼は私をにらんだ」(かれはわたしをにらんだ). The teacher glared at the noisy student「先生はうるさい生徒をにらんだ」(せんせいはうるさいせいとをにらんだ). Additionally, 'にらむ' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe a situation where someone is closely examining or considering something, such as in '彼は問題をにらんでいる' (かれはもんだいをにらんでいる) - 'He is scrutinizing the problem.'

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

5310

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Walk, Progress

Reading

Kanji

歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese verb '歩む (あゆむ)' primarily means 'to walk', but it can also metaphorically mean 'to progress' or 'to follow a path' in life or a journey. This verb is often used in a more formal or literary context, and it carries a nuance of steady, deliberate movement, whether physical or metaphorical. For example: He walked along the path「彼は道を歩んだ」(かれはみちをあゆんだ). She is progressing in her career「彼女はキャリアを歩んでいる」(かのじょはキャリアをあゆんでいる). The verb can be used to describe both literal walking and the progression of events or life stages.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Be arranged

Reading

Kanji

整Organize

Explanation

The Japanese verb '整う (ととのう)' means 'to be arranged' or 'to be in order'. It is used to describe a state where things are properly organized, settled, or prepared. This verb often implies a sense of completeness or readiness. For example: The preparations are complete「準備が整った」(じゅんびがととのった). The room is neatly arranged「部屋が整っている」(へやがととのっている). It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as when conditions or plans are finalized: The conditions are in place「条件が整った」(じょうけんがととのった). Note that '整う' is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes a state rather than an action performed by someone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5318

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compete, Dispute

Reading

Kanji

争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese verb '争う (あらそう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to compete', which refers to striving to outperform others in a contest or rivalry. For example: They competed for the championship「彼らは優勝を争った」(かれらはゆうしょうをあらそった). The second meaning is 'to dispute', which refers to engaging in a conflict or argument over something. For example: The siblings disputed over the inheritance「兄弟は遺産を争った」(きょうだいはいさんをあらそった). The verb can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it often implies a sense of struggle or contention.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting