Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Study

Reading

Kanji

勉Exertion 強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '勉強 (べんきょう)' primarily means 'study'. It refers to the act of learning or acquiring knowledge, often through formal education or self-directed efforts. This word is commonly used in contexts related to education, such as studying for exams or learning new skills. For example: I study Japanese every day「毎日日本語を勉強します」(まいにちにほんごをべんきょうします). She is studying hard for her exams「彼女は試験のために一生懸命勉強しています」(かのじょはしけんのためにいっしょうけんめいべんきょうしています). Additionally, '勉強' can sometimes imply a sense of effort or hard work, not just academic study. It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'learning through experience' or 'gaining knowledge through practice'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Question

Reading

Kanji

質Quality 問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '質問 (しつもん)' means 'question'. It is used to refer to an inquiry or a query that someone asks to seek information or clarification. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings, such as in classrooms, meetings, or casual conversations. For example: I have a question「質問があります」(しつもんがあります). Please answer my question「私の質問に答えてください」(わたしのしつもんにこたえてください). The word can also be used as a verb when combined with the auxiliary verb 'する', as in '質問する (しつもんする)', which means 'to ask a question'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Marriage

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 婚Marriage

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '結婚 (けっこん)' means 'marriage'. It refers to the state of being married or the act of getting married. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as discussing marriage plans, marital status, or ceremonies. For example: They got married last year「彼らは去年結婚しました」(かれらはきょねんけっこんしました). I want to get married next year「来年結婚したいです」(らいねんけっこんしたいです). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '結婚式 (けっこんしき)' (wedding ceremony) or '結婚生活 (けっこんせいかつ)' (married life).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

301

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Illness

Reading

Kanji

病Illness 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '病気 (びょうき)' means 'illness' or 'disease'. It refers to a state of poor health or a specific medical condition. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe physical or mental health issues. For example: He has a serious illness「彼は重い病気です」(かれはおもいびょうきです). I caught a cold and got sick「風邪をひいて病気になりました」(かぜをひいてびょうきになりました). It can also be used metaphorically to describe societal or systemic issues, such as 'the illness of society' (社会の病気, しゃかいのびょうき).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

312

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'お願い (おねがい)' means 'request'. It is a polite and formal way to ask for something or to make a request. This term is often used in various contexts, such as asking for a favor, making a formal request, or even in customer service settings. For example: Please help me「お願い、助けてください」(おねがい、たすけてください). I have a request「お願いがあります」(おねがいがあります). It is important to note that 'お願い' is often used with the verb 'する' to form the phrase 'お願いします', which is a common way to make a polite request, as in 'Please do this for me「これをやってください、お願いします」(これをやってください、おねがいします)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lesson

Reading

Kanji

授Instruct, Confer 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '授業 (じゅぎょう)' refers to a 'lesson' or 'class' in an educational context. It is commonly used to describe the act of teaching or the session during which teaching occurs, typically in schools or educational institutions. For example: I have a math lesson today「今日は数学の授業があります」(きょうはすうがくのじゅぎょうがあります). The teacher is preparing for the lesson「先生は授業の準備をしています」(せんせいはじゅぎょうのじゅんびをしています). This word is often used in formal or academic settings and can refer to both the content being taught and the time period during which teaching takes place.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

376

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cooperation

Reading

Kanji

協Cooperate 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '協力 (きょうりょく)' means 'cooperation'. It refers to the act of working together with others to achieve a common goal. This word is often used in contexts involving teamwork, collaboration, or mutual assistance. For example: Thank you for your cooperation「ご協力ありがとうございます」(ごきょうりょくありがとうございます). We need everyone's cooperation to succeed「成功するにはみんなの協力が必要です」(せいこうするにはみんなのきょうりょくがひつようです). The word can also be used in formal or informal settings, making it versatile in both professional and casual conversations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

474

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Service

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'サービス (サービス)' means 'service'. It is used to refer to the act of providing assistance or help, often in a business or commercial context. It can also refer to a free or extra item given to customers as a gesture of goodwill. For example: The restaurant provided excellent service「レストランは素晴らしいサービスを提供した」(レストランはすばらしいサービスをていきょうした). They gave us a free dessert as a service「サービスでデザートを無料でくれた」(サービスでデザートをむりょうでくれた). The word is often used in phrases like 'サービス業 (サービスぎょう)' (service industry) or 'サービス料 (サービスりょう)' (service charge).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

512

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conversation

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '会話 (かいわ)' means 'conversation'. It refers to an exchange of ideas or thoughts between two or more people. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: We had a good conversation「いい会話をした」(いいかいわをした). Let's practice English conversation「英語の会話を練習しましょう」(えいごのかいわをれんしゅうしましょう). It's important to note that '会話' can also be used to describe the act of conversing, as in '会話する (かいわする) (to converse)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

615

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meal

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '食事 (しょくじ)' refers to a 'meal'. It is used to describe the act of eating or the food consumed during a meal. This term is commonly used in daily conversations and can refer to any meal, such as breakfast, lunch, or dinner. For example: I had a meal with my family「家族と食事をしました」(かぞくとしょくじをしました). Let's have a meal together「一緒に食事をしましょう」(いっしょにしょくじをしましょう). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '朝食 (ちょうしょく)' for breakfast or '夕食 (ゆうしょく)' for dinner, but '食事' itself is a general term for any meal.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

626

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Construction

Reading

Kanji

工Construction 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '工事 (こうじ)' refers to 'construction' or 'construction work'. It is commonly used to describe the process of building or repairing structures, such as buildings, roads, or bridges. This term is often seen in signs or announcements related to ongoing construction projects. For example: The construction of the new bridge is underway「新しい橋の工事が進んでいます」(あたらしいはしのこうじがすすんでいます). Road construction is causing traffic delays「道路工事で渋滞が起きています」(どうろこうじでじゅうたいがおきています). The word can also be used in contexts like '工事中 (こうじちゅう)', which means 'under construction' and is often displayed at construction sites.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

630

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '電話 (でんわ)' primarily means 'call' or 'telephone'. It is used to refer to the act of making a phone call or the telephone itself. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be combined with verbs like する (suru) to form the phrase '電話する (でんわする)', meaning 'to make a phone call'. For example: I will call you later「後で電話します」(あとででんわします). Please call me tomorrow「明日電話してください」(あしたでんわしてください). The word can also refer to the device itself, as in 'This is my telephone「これは私の電話です」(これはわたしのでんわです)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

633

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Party

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'パーティー (paatii)' means 'party'. It refers to a social gathering or celebration, often involving food, drinks, and entertainment. This word is commonly used in casual and formal contexts. For example: I will attend the party「パーティーに参加します」(ぱーてぃーにさんかします). The party was fun「パーティーは楽しかった」(ぱーてぃーはたのしかった). Note that 'パーティー' is a loanword from English, and it is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

651

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

帰Return 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '帰国 (きこく)' means 'return to one's home country'. It is used to describe the act of going back to one's native country after being abroad. This term is often used in contexts such as studying, working, or traveling overseas. For example: I will return to my country next month「来月帰国します」(らいげつきこくします). After studying abroad, she returned to her home country「留学後、彼女は帰国しました」(りゅうがくご、かのじょはきこくしました). Note that '帰国' specifically refers to returning to one's home country, not just any return.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

683

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Test

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'テスト (てすと)' means 'test'. It is commonly used in educational contexts to refer to exams or quizzes, but it can also be used more broadly to describe any kind of test or trial. For example: I have a math test tomorrow「明日は数学のテストがある」(あしたはすうがくのてすとがある). Let's test this new product「この新しい製品をテストしよう」(このあたらしいせいひんをてすとしよう). The word is borrowed from English and is widely understood in Japanese, often used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

721

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cooking, Cuisine

Reading

Kanji

料Materials, Fee 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '料理 (りょうり)' primarily means 'cooking' or 'cuisine'. It refers to the act of preparing food or the style of food preparation. This word is commonly used in contexts related to food, such as discussing cooking techniques, types of cuisine, or the process of making a meal. For example: I enjoy cooking「料理が好きです」(りょうりがすきです). Japanese cuisine is delicious「日本料理は美味しい」(にほんりょうりはおいしい). The word can also be used to describe a specific dish or meal, as in 'tonight's dinner'「今夜の料理」(こんやのりょうり).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

725

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sale

Reading

Kanji

販Sell 売Sell

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '販売 (はんばい)' means 'sale' or 'selling'. It refers to the act of selling goods or services. This word is commonly used in business contexts, such as retail, marketing, and commerce. For example: The sale of this product starts tomorrow「この商品の販売は明日からです」(このしょうひんのはんばいがあすからです). This store sells various items「この店はいろいろな商品を販売しています」(このみせはいろいろなしょうひんをはんばいしています). Note that '販売' is often used in compound words, such as '販売員 (はんばいいん)' (salesperson) or '販売価格 (はんばいかかく)' (selling price).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

750

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 格Status

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合格 (ごうかく)' means 'pass' in the context of passing an exam, test, or qualification. It is used to indicate that someone has successfully met the required standards or criteria. For example: I passed the exam「試験に合格した」(しけんにごうかくした). She passed the entrance exam「彼女は入学試験に合格した」(かのじょはにゅうがくしけんにごうかくした). The word can also be used in a broader sense to indicate approval or acceptance, such as passing an inspection or meeting certain requirements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

758

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Part time job

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'アルバイト (arubaito)' refers to a part-time job, typically undertaken by students or individuals seeking additional income. It is derived from the German word 'Arbeit', meaning 'work'. This term is commonly used in casual contexts to describe temporary or non-permanent employment. For example: I have a part-time job at a convenience store「私はコンビニでアルバイトをしています」(わたしはコンビニでアルバイトをしています). He is looking for a part-time job「彼はアルバイトを探しています」(かれはアルバイトをさがしています). It's important to note that 'アルバイト' is often used interchangeably with 'バイト (baito)', a more colloquial abbreviation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

764

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Copy

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'コピー (kopii)' means 'copy'. It is derived from the English word 'copy' and is commonly used in contexts related to duplicating documents, images, or other materials. It can also refer to a copy of something in a more abstract sense, such as a replica or imitation. For example: Please make a copy of this document「この書類のコピーをお願いします」(このしょるいのコピーをおねがいします). This is a copy of the original painting「これはオリジナルの絵のコピーです」(これはオリジナルのえのコピーです). The word is often used in office or academic settings, and it can also be used as a verb by adding 'する' (suru), as in 'コピーする' (kopii suru), meaning 'to copy'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

770

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Report

Reading

Kanji

報Report, News 告Announce

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '報告 (ほうこく)' means 'report'. It refers to the act of providing information or giving an account of something, often in a formal or official context. This word is commonly used in workplaces, schools, and other settings where communication of information is necessary. For example: I will report the results「結果を報告します」(けっかをほうこくします). He gave a detailed report「彼は詳細な報告をした」(かれはしょうさいなほうこくをした). The nuance of '報告' often implies a sense of responsibility or duty to inform someone about a specific matter.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relief

Reading

Kanji

安Cheap, Relax 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '安心 (あんしん)' means 'relief' or 'peace of mind'. It refers to a state of being free from worry, anxiety, or fear. This word is often used to express a sense of security or comfort, either for oneself or others. For example: I felt relief when I heard the news「その知らせを聞いて安心した」(そのしらせをきいてあんしんした). It's important to reassure children so they feel safe「子供たちが安心するように安心させることが大切だ」(こどもたちがあんしんするようにあんしんさせることがたいせつだ). The word can also be used in phrases like '安心してください (あんしんしてください)' meaning 'please rest assured' or 'don't worry'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

782

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resolution

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 決Decide

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '解決 (かいけつ)' means 'resolution' or 'solution'. It refers to the act of resolving or settling a problem, dispute, or issue. This word is commonly used in contexts involving conflict resolution, problem-solving, or finding answers to questions. For example: The problem was resolved「問題が解決した」(もんだいがかいけつした). We need to find a solution「解決策を見つける必要がある」(かいけつさくをみつけるひつようがある). It is often paired with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '見つける' (to find) to indicate the process of resolving something.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

786

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shopping

Reading

Kanji

買Buy 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '買い物 (かいもの)' means 'shopping'. It refers to the act of purchasing goods or items, typically at stores or markets. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be applied to various shopping contexts, such as grocery shopping, clothes shopping, or online shopping. For example: I went shopping「買い物に行きました」(かいものにいきました). Shopping is fun「買い物は楽しい」(かいものはたのしい). It's important to note that '買い物' is often used with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '行く' (to go) to form phrases like '買い物をする' (to do shopping) or '買い物に行く' (to go shopping).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

824

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Camp

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'キャンプ (kyanpu)' refers to the activity of camping or setting up a temporary outdoor shelter. It is often used in contexts related to outdoor activities, leisure, or survival situations. For example: We went camping last weekend「先週末キャンプに行った」(せんしゅうまつキャンプにいった). They are camping in the mountains「彼らは山でキャンプしている」(かれらはやまでキャンプしている). The word can also refer to the campsite itself, as in 'キャンプ場 (キャンプじょう) (campsite)'. It is a loanword from English, and its usage is quite common in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

826

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sightseeing

Reading

Kanji

見See 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '見物 (けんぶつ)' primarily means 'sightseeing' or 'watching'. It refers to the act of observing or visiting places of interest, such as tourist attractions, events, or performances. This word is often used in contexts where someone is going out to see something noteworthy or entertaining. For example: We went sightseeing in Kyoto「京都で見物をしました」(きょうとでけんぶつをしました). Watching a kabuki performance was fascinating「歌舞伎の見物はとても面白かった」(かぶきのけんぶつはとてもおもしろかった). The word can also imply a sense of leisurely observation or enjoyment, making it distinct from more formal or academic observation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

828

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delivery

Reading

Kanji

配Distribute 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '配達 (はいたつ)' refers to the act of delivering goods, mail, or packages to a specified location. It is commonly used in contexts related to postal services, food delivery, or courier services. For example: The delivery arrived「配達が届きました」(はいたつがとどきました). I ordered pizza delivery「ピザの配達を注文しました」(ぴざのはいたつをちゅうもんしました). The word is often used in compound phrases like '配達員 (はいたついん)' (delivery person) or '配達サービス (はいたつサービス)' (delivery service).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

837

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Worry

Reading

Kanji

心Heart 配Distribute

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '心配 (しんぱい)' means 'worry' or 'concern'. It is used to express anxiety or unease about something that might happen or has happened. It can be used as a noun or as part of a verb phrase, such as '心配する (しんぱいする)' meaning 'to worry'. For example: I worry about my son「息子を心配しています」(むすこをしんぱいしています). Don't worry about it「それを心配しないで」(それをしんぱいしないで). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to express concern for others or oneself.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

840

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seeing off

Reading

Kanji

見See 送Send

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '見送り (みおくり)' refers to the act of seeing someone off, typically when they are departing, such as at a train station, airport, or when someone is leaving home. It conveys a sense of farewell and care. For example: I went to the station to see my friend off「友達を見送りに駅に行った」(ともだちをみおくりにえきにいった). They saw me off at the airport「彼らは空港で私を見送った」(かれらはくうこうでわたしをみおくった). This term is often used in contexts involving travel or long-term separation, emphasizing the emotional aspect of parting.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

844

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Production

Reading

Kanji

生Life 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '生産 (せいさん)' refers to the act or process of producing or manufacturing goods. It is commonly used in contexts related to industry, agriculture, and economics. For example: The factory increased its production「工場は生産を増やした」(こうじょうはせいさんをふやした). This region is known for rice production「この地域は米の生産で知られている」(このちいきはこめのせいさんでしられている). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as the production of art or ideas, though it is most frequently associated with physical goods.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Life

Reading

Kanji

生Life 活Lively

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '生活 (せいかつ)' refers to 'life' in the sense of daily living or livelihood. It encompasses the activities, routines, and conditions that constitute a person's way of living. This term is often used in contexts related to lifestyle, living conditions, and daily necessities. For example: I want to improve my life「生活を改善したい」(せいかつをかいぜんしたい). His life is very busy「彼の生活はとても忙しい」(かれのせいかつはとてもいそがしい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '日常生活 (にちじょうせいかつ)' meaning 'daily life'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

868

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Admission

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入学 (にゅうがく)' refers to the act of entering or being admitted to a school or educational institution. It is commonly used to describe the process of starting at a new school, such as elementary, middle, high school, or university. For example: Her admission to the university was celebrated「彼女の大学入学は祝われた」(かのじょのだいがくにゅうがくはいわわれた). The school entrance ceremony is in April「入学式は4月です」(にゅうがくしきはしがつです). This term is often used in formal contexts and is associated with the beginning of a new academic journey.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

871

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inspection, Observation

Reading

Kanji

見See 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '見学 (けんがく)' refers to the act of inspecting or observing something, often in an educational or formal context. It is commonly used to describe visiting a place to observe or learn about its operations, such as a school, factory, or workplace. For example: We observed the factory「私たちは工場を見学しました」(わたしたちはこうじょうをけんがくしました). The students visited the museum for observation「学生たちは博物館を見学しました」(がくせいたちははくぶつかんをけんがくしました). This term emphasizes a structured or purposeful observation rather than casual viewing.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

878

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commute

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通学 (つうがく)' refers to the act of commuting to school. It is commonly used to describe the daily journey students make from their homes to their educational institutions. This term is often used in contexts related to school life, transportation, and student routines. For example: I commute to school by train「私は電車で通学しています」(わたしはでんしゃでつうがくしています). The commute to school takes about an hour「通学には約1時間かかります」(つうがくにはやく1じかんかかります). It's important to note that '通学' specifically refers to commuting to school, not to work or other destinations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

School closure

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 校School

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '休校 (きゅうこう)' refers to the temporary closure of a school. This term is commonly used when schools are closed due to holidays, emergencies, or special circumstances such as bad weather or pandemics. For example: The school is closed today due to the snow「今日は雪のため休校です」(きょうはゆきのためきゅうこうです). The principal announced a school closure for tomorrow「校長先生が明日の休校を発表しました」(こうちょうせんせいがあしたのきゅうこうをはっぴょうしました). Note that '休校' is often used in formal announcements or news reports.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Education

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '教育 (きょういく)' refers to the process of teaching or educating someone. It encompasses the systematic instruction, training, and development of knowledge, skills, and character. This term is often used in contexts related to schools, teaching methods, and educational policies. For example: Education is important「教育は大切です」(きょういくはたいせつです). The government is investing in education「政府は教育に投資しています」(せいふはきょういくにとうししています). It can also refer to the upbringing or moral instruction provided by parents or guardians, as in '家庭教育 (かていきょういく) (home education)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

892

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Practice

Reading

Kanji

練Practice 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '練習 (れんしゅう)' means 'practice'. It refers to the act of repeatedly performing an activity or skill to improve proficiency. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, music, studying, or any activity requiring improvement through repetition. For example: I practice the piano every day「私は毎日ピアノを練習します」(わたしはまいにちピアノをれんしゅうします). He needs more practice「彼はもっと練習が必要です」(かれはもっとれんしゅうがひつようです). The word can also be used as a verb by adding 'する' (e.g., 練習する, to practice).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Research

Reading

Kanji

研Sharpen 究Research

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '研究 (けんきゅう)' means 'research'. It refers to the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions. This term is commonly used in academic, scientific, and professional contexts. For example: I am conducting research on Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を研究しています」(わたしはにほんのれきしをけんきゅうしています). His research was published in a scientific journal「彼の研究は科学雑誌に掲載された」(かれのけんきゅうはかがくざっしにけいさいされた). The word can also be used to describe the act of studying or investigating something in depth, as in '研究する (けんきゅうする)' which means 'to research' or 'to study'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

911

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Test, Exam

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '試験 (しけん)' primarily means 'exam' or 'test'. It refers to a formal assessment of knowledge, skills, or abilities, often conducted in educational or professional settings. This word is commonly used in contexts like school exams, job entrance tests, or experiments. For example: I have an exam tomorrow「明日は試験があります」(あしたはしけんがあります). He passed the entrance test「彼は入学試験に合格した」(かれはにゅうがくしけんにごうかくした). Note that '試験' can also refer to trials or experiments in scientific or technical contexts, such as '試験管 (しけんかん)' (test tube).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

914

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

In charge

Reading

Kanji

担Bear, Carry 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '担当 (たんとう)' refers to being in charge of or responsible for a particular task, role, or area. It is commonly used in professional or organizational contexts to indicate someone's assigned duties or responsibilities. For example: He is in charge of sales「彼は営業を担当しています」(かれはえいぎょうをたんとうしています). I am responsible for customer service「私はカスタマーサービスを担当しています」(わたしはカスタマーサービスをたんとうしています). The term can also be used to describe the person who is responsible, as in '担当者 (たんとうしゃ) (person in charge)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

929

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Experience

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '経験 (けいけん)' refers to 'experience', encompassing both the knowledge and skills acquired through direct involvement in events or activities. It is commonly used to describe personal or professional experiences. For example: I have experience in teaching「私は教える経験があります」(わたしはおしえるけいけんがあります). He gained valuable experience from the internship「彼はインターンシップから貴重な経験を得ました」(かれはインターンシップからきちょうなけいけんをえました). This term is versatile and can be applied in various contexts, such as work, life, or specific activities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

942

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Management

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 営Manage

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '経営 (けいえい)' refers to the act of managing or running a business, organization, or enterprise. It encompasses the overall administration, planning, and control of resources to achieve organizational goals. This term is often used in contexts related to business operations, corporate strategy, and leadership. For example: He is in charge of the management of the company「彼は会社の経営を担当している」(かれはかいしゃのけいえいをたんとうしている). Good management is essential for success「良い経営は成功に不可欠だ」(よいけいえいはせいこうにふかけつだ). The word can also imply the broader concept of stewardship or governance over resources.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

946

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

作Make 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '作業 (さぎょう)' refers to 'work' or 'task', particularly in the context of manual, physical, or specific operational activities. It is often used to describe labor-intensive or procedural tasks, such as construction work, factory work, or even routine chores. For example: The construction work is progressing「作業が進んでいる」(さぎょうがすすんでいる). I finished my homework「宿題の作業を終えた」(しゅくだいのさぎょうをおえた). This term is commonly used in professional or technical settings to describe specific types of work, distinguishing it from more general terms like '仕事 (しごと)' which can refer to work in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

951

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use

Reading

Kanji

利Profit, Advantage 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '利用 (りよう)' means 'use' or 'utilization'. It refers to the act of using something, often in a practical or beneficial way. This word is commonly used in contexts involving services, resources, or facilities. For example: I use the library「図書館を利用する」(としょかんをりようする). He utilizes public transportation「彼は公共交通を利用する」(かれはこうきょうこうつうをりようする). The word can also imply making the most of something, such as opportunities or tools. Note that '利用' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '利用する (りようする)' (to use).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

956

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surgery

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 術Art, Technique

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '手術 (しゅじゅつ)' means 'surgery'. It refers to a medical procedure involving an operation to treat or repair a part of the body. This term is commonly used in medical contexts and can be applied to various types of surgeries, such as heart surgery or cosmetic surgery. Example sentences: The doctor performed surgery「医者は手術をした」(いしゃはしゅじゅつをした). He needs surgery on his knee「彼は膝の手術が必要だ」(かれはひざのしゅじゅつがひつようだ). Note that '手術' can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant or drastic change, such as in business or policy, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

962

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manufacture

Reading

Kanji

製Manufacture 造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '製造 (せいぞう)' means 'manufacture' or 'production'. It refers to the process of making goods or products, typically on a large scale in factories or industrial settings. This term is commonly used in contexts related to industry, business, and technology. For example: The company manufactures cars「その会社は車を製造している」(そのかいしゃはくるまをせいぞうしている). This factory produces electronic devices「この工場は電子機器を製造している」(このこうじょうはでんしききをせいぞうしている). Note that '製造' is often used in compound words, such as '製造業 (せいぞうぎょう)' (manufacturing industry) or '製造工程 (せいぞうこうてい)' (manufacturing process).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

964

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gift, Present

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'プレゼント (purezento)' is borrowed from the English word 'present' and refers to a gift or something given to someone. It is commonly used in contexts involving giving or receiving gifts, especially during celebrations like birthdays or holidays. For example: I received a present from my friend「友達からプレゼントをもらった」(ともだちからプレゼントをもらった). I will give a gift to my mother「母にプレゼントをあげる」(ははにプレゼントをあげる). Note that 'プレゼント' can also function as a verb, as in 'プレゼントする (to give a gift/present).'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

966

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Demand

Reading

Kanji

要Important, Need 求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '要求 (ようきゅう)' means 'demand'. It refers to a strong request or claim for something, often implying that the request is backed by authority, necessity, or urgency. This term is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as business negotiations, legal settings, or customer service. For example: The workers made a demand for higher wages「労働者たちは賃金の引き上げを要求した」(ろうどうしゃたちはちんぎんのひきあげをようきゅうした). The customer demanded a refund「客は返金を要求した」(きゃくはへんきんをようきゅうした). Note that '要求' can also imply a sense of entitlement or insistence, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

970

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Calculation

Reading

Kanji

計Measure, Plan 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '計算 (けいさん)' means 'calculation'. It refers to the process of performing mathematical operations, such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, or division. It can also be used metaphorically to describe planning or estimating outcomes. For example: I did the calculation「計算をしました」(けいさんをしました). The calculation was correct「計算は正しかった」(けいさんはただしかった). This word is often used in contexts involving math, finance, or strategic planning.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

975

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subtraction

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '引き算 (ひきざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of subtraction. It is commonly used in educational contexts, such as in math classes or when explaining basic arithmetic. For example: I am practicing subtraction「引き算を練習しています」(ひきざんをれんしゅうしています). Subtraction is easier than addition「引き算は足し算より簡単です」(ひきざんはたしざんよりかんたんです). This term is often used alongside other arithmetic operations like '足し算 (たしざん) (addition)' and '掛け算 (かけざん) (multiplication)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

977

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Addition

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '足し算 (たしざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of addition. It is used to describe the process of adding numbers together to find their total. This term is commonly used in educational settings, such as in math classes or when teaching children basic arithmetic. For example: Let's do addition「足し算をしましょう」(たしざんをしましょう). I am good at addition「私は足し算が得意です」(わたしはたしざんがとくいです). The term can also be used in everyday contexts when discussing calculations or sums.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

980

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tennis

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'テニス (てにす)' means 'tennis'. It refers to the sport of tennis, which involves hitting a ball over a net using rackets. This word is a direct borrowing from English and is commonly used in Japanese. For example: I play tennis「私はテニスをします」(わたしはてにすをします). Tennis is fun「テニスは楽しいです」(てにすはたのしいです). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as 'テニスコート (てにすこーと)' (tennis court) or 'テニスボール (てにすぼーる)' (tennis ball).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

983

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Division

Reading

Kanji

割Divide, Split 算Calculate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '割り算 (わりざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of division. It is commonly used in educational contexts, such as in math classes or when explaining arithmetic operations. For example: I learned division in school today「今日学校で割り算を習った」(きょうがっこうでわりざんをならった). Division is harder than multiplication「割り算は掛け算より難しい」(わりざんはかけざんよりむずかしい). This term is often used alongside other arithmetic operations like addition (足し算, たしざん), subtraction (引き算, ひきざん), and multiplication (掛け算, かけざん).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

987

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reply

Reading

Kanji

返Return 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '返事 (へんじ)' means 'reply'. It refers to a response or answer given to a question, request, or message. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I received a reply from him「彼から返事をもらった」(かれからへんじをもらった). Please give me a reply soon「早く返事をください」(はやくへんじをください). The word can also imply acknowledgment, such as when someone responds to being called. For instance: She didn't give a reply when I called her「彼女を呼んでも返事がなかった」(かのじょをよんでもへんじがなかった).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

990

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expectation

Reading

Kanji

期Time, Period 待Wait

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '期待 (きたい)' means 'expectation'. It refers to the anticipation or hope that something will happen or be achieved. This word is often used in contexts where someone is looking forward to a positive outcome or result. For example: I have high expectations for the new project「新しいプロジェクトに期待しています」(あたらしいプロジェクトにきたいしています). Don't let down my expectations「私の期待を裏切らないで」(わたしのきたいをうらぎらないで). It can also be used to express anticipation for future events or developments, such as in '期待を込めて (きたいをこめて) (with expectation)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

997

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decision

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '決定 (けってい)' means 'decision'. It refers to the act of making a choice or reaching a conclusion after consideration. This term is often used in formal or official contexts, such as in business, legal matters, or organizational settings. For example: The decision has been made「決定がなされた」(けっていがなされた). We need to make a decision soon「早く決定を下す必要がある」(はやくけっていをくだすひつようがある). The word can also be used as a verb in its stem form, such as '決定する (けっていする)', which means 'to decide'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1023

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fixed

Reading

Kanji

一One 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '一定 (いってい)' means 'fixed' or 'constant'. It is used to describe something that remains unchanged or consistent over time. This term is often used in contexts such as rules, standards, or conditions that do not vary. For example: The temperature is kept at a fixed level「温度は一定に保たれている」(おんどはいっていにたもたれている). The company has a fixed policy on this matter「会社はこの件について一定のポリシーを持っている」(かいしゃはこのけんについていっていのポリシーをもっている). It can also imply a certain level or degree, as in '一定の理解 (いっていのりかい) (a certain level of understanding)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1026

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予定 (よてい)' means 'plan'. It is used to refer to a scheduled event, arrangement, or intention. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss future plans or schedules. For example: I have plans for tomorrow「明日は予定があります」(あしたはよていがあります). What are your plans for the weekend?「週末の予定は何ですか？」(しゅうまつのよていはなんですか？). It can also be used to indicate something that is expected or likely to happen, as in 'The meeting is scheduled for 3 PM'「会議は3時の予定です」(かいぎは3じのよていです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1028

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予習 (よしゅう)' refers to the act of preparing or studying something in advance, particularly in an academic context. It is commonly used to describe the preparation done before a class or lesson, such as reading ahead or reviewing materials. For example: I did preparation for tomorrow's class「明日の授業の予習をしました」(あしたのじゅぎょうのよしゅうをしました). Preparation is important for understanding the lesson「予習は授業を理解するために大切です」(よしゅうはじゅぎょうをりかいするためにたいせつです). This term is often paired with '復習 (ふくしゅう)', which means 'review' or 'revision', to emphasize the cycle of preparation and review in learning.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1033

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reservation

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予約 (よやく)' means 'reservation'. It is commonly used to refer to booking or reserving something in advance, such as a table at a restaurant, a hotel room, or tickets for an event. For example: I made a reservation for dinner「夕食の予約をしました」(ゆうしょくのよやくをしました). Do you have a reservation?「予約はありますか？」(よやくはありますか？). This word is often used in formal and informal contexts alike, and it is essential for planning and organizing events or services in Japan.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1037

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promise

Reading

Kanji

約Promise, Approximately 束Bundle, Bind

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '約束 (やくそく)' means 'promise'. It refers to a commitment or assurance that one will do something or that a particular thing will happen. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a pledge or agreement between people. For example: I made a promise to my friend「友達と約束をした」(ともだちとやくそくをした). He broke his promise「彼は約束を破った」(かれはやくそくをやぶった). It can also be used in phrases like '約束を守る (やくそくをまもる)' (to keep a promise) or '約束を果たす (やくそくをはたす)' (to fulfill a promise).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1038

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change, Variation

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '変化 (へんか)' primarily means 'change' or 'variation'. It refers to a transformation or alteration in state, form, or condition. This word is often used in contexts involving physical, chemical, or abstract changes. For example: The weather changes quickly「天気が急に変化する」(てんきがきゅうにへんかする). There is a variation in color「色に変化がある」(いろにへんかがある). It can also be used in scientific contexts, such as describing chemical changes or biological mutations. The word is neutral and can be applied to both positive and negative changes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1045

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strengthening, Enhancement

Reading

Kanji

強Strong 化Change

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '強化 (きょうか)' refers to the act of making something stronger or more effective. It is commonly used in contexts such as improving systems, skills, or materials. For example: The company is strengthening its security measures「会社はセキュリティを強化しています」(かいしゃはセキュリティをきょうかしています). We need to enhance our skills「私たちはスキルを強化する必要があります」(わたしたちはスキルをきょうかするひつようがあります). This term is often used in both technical and everyday contexts to describe the process of making improvements or increasing capabilities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1046

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attendance

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出席 (しゅっせき)' means 'attendance'. It refers to the act of being present at a meeting, class, event, or other gathering. It is commonly used in formal or academic contexts. For example: attendance is mandatory「出席は必須です」(しゅっせきはひっすです). I will attend the meeting「会議に出席します」(かいぎにしゅっせきします). The word can also be used in phrases like '出席を取る (しゅっせきをとる)' (to take attendance) or '出席率 (しゅっせきりつ)' (attendance rate).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1074

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absence

Reading

Kanji

欠Lack 席Seat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '欠席 (けっせき)' refers to the act of being absent, particularly from events, meetings, or classes. It is commonly used in formal or academic contexts to indicate non-attendance. For example: I will be absent from the meeting tomorrow「明日の会議は欠席します」(あしたのかいぎはけっせきします). His absence was noted by the teacher「先生は彼の欠席に気づいた」(せんせいはかれのけっせきにきづいた). The word can also be used in written notices or announcements, such as '欠席届 (けっせきとどけ)', which means 'notice of absence'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1076

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Driving

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune 転Revolve

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '運転 (うんてん)' primarily means 'driving'. It refers to the act of operating a vehicle, such as a car, bus, or train. This word is commonly used in contexts related to transportation and vehicle operation. For example: I am driving a car「車を運転しています」(くるまをうんてんしています). He has a driver's license「彼は運転免許を持っています」(かれはうんてんめんきょをもっています). Additionally, '運転' can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'operation' or 'management' of machinery or systems, but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1084

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exercise

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '運動 (うんどう)' primarily means 'exercise' or 'physical activity'. It refers to activities that involve physical exertion, often for the purpose of improving health or fitness. This word can also be used in a broader sense to describe movement or motion, such as in physics or social movements. For example: I do exercise every morning「私は毎朝運動します」(わたしはまいあさうんどうします). The movement of the planets is fascinating「惑星の運動は魅力的です」(わくせいのうんどうはみりょくてきです). In social contexts, it can refer to campaigns or movements, like a political movement「政治運動」(せいじうんどう).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1095

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Activity

Reading

Kanji

活Lively 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '活動 (かつどう)' refers to 'activity' or 'action'. It is used to describe physical, mental, or organizational actions, often in the context of work, hobbies, or social movements. For example: The environmental group's activities are impressive「環境グループの活動は印象的です」(かんきょうグループのかつどうはいんしょうてきです). She is active in volunteer activities「彼女はボランティア活動に積極的です」(かのじょはボランティアかつどうにせっきょくてきです). The word can also be used in compound nouns like '文化活動 (ぶんかかつどう)' (cultural activities) or '経済活動 (けいざいかつどう)' (economic activities).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1099

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start

Reading

Kanji

開Open 始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '開始 (かいし)' means 'start' or 'commencement'. It is used to indicate the beginning of an event, activity, or process. This word is often used in formal or official contexts, such as meetings, ceremonies, or operations. For example: The meeting will start at 10 AM「会議は10時に開始します」(かいぎは10じにかいしします). The operation has commenced「手術が開始されました」(しゅじゅつがかいしされました). Note that '開始' is typically used in written or formal speech, while more casual situations might use simpler terms like '始める (はじめる)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Realization

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実現 (じつげん)' means 'realization' or 'actualization'. It refers to the act of making something real or bringing something into existence, such as a plan, dream, or idea. This word is often used in contexts involving goals, aspirations, or projects. For example: the realization of a dream「夢の実現」(ゆめのじつげん). The plan was realized「計画が実現した」(けいかくがじつげんした). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the realization of an idea「アイデアの実現」(アイデアのじつげん). Note that this word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Implementation

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 施Alms, Carry out

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実施 (じっし)' means 'implementation' or 'carrying out'. It refers to the act of putting a plan, policy, or system into effect. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business, government, or education. For example: The new policy will be implemented next month「新しい政策は来月実施されます」(あたらしいせいさくはらいげつじっしされます). The company conducted a survey「その会社は調査を実施した」(そのかいしゃはちょうさをじっしした). Note that '実施' is often used with verbs like する (to do) or される (to be done) to indicate the action of implementation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1122

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Execution

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実行 (じっこう)' means 'execution' or 'implementation'. It refers to the act of carrying out or putting something into practice, such as a plan, idea, or action. This word is often used in contexts involving decision-making, projects, or strategies. For example: The execution of the plan was successful「計画の実行は成功した」(けいかくのじっこうはせいこうした). We need to execute this idea immediately「このアイデアをすぐに実行する必要がある」(このアイデアをすぐにじっこうするひつようがある). Note that '実行' is commonly paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the act of executing something.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1125

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Experiment

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実験 (じっけん)' means 'experiment'. It refers to a scientific test or trial conducted to discover or demonstrate something. This word is commonly used in academic, scientific, and everyday contexts. For example: We conducted an experiment「私たちは実験を行いました」(わたしたちはじっけんをおこないました). The experiment was successful「実験は成功しました」(じっけんはせいこうしました). It can also be used metaphorically to describe trying something new, such as: This recipe is an experiment「このレシピは実験です」(このレシピはじっけんです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1127

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passage

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通過 (つうか)' means 'passage' or 'passing through'. It is used to describe the act of moving through a place, area, or situation without stopping or being significantly affected. This word is often used in contexts like transportation, where it refers to passing through a station or checkpoint without stopping, or in abstract situations, such as passing through a phase or stage. For example: The train passed through the station without stopping「電車は駅を通過した」(でんしゃはえきをつうかした). He passed through a difficult time「彼は困難な時期を通過した」(かれはこんなんなじきをつうかした). Note that '通過' can also imply a sense of transition or progression, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Development

Reading

Kanji

開Open 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '開発 (かいはつ)' means 'development'. It is commonly used in contexts related to the creation, improvement, or advancement of products, technologies, areas, or ideas. For example: the development of new technology「新しい技術の開発」(あたらしいぎじゅつのかいはつ). This area is under development「この地域は開発中です」(このちいきはかいはつちゅうです). It can also refer to the exploitation of resources, such as in 'land development'「土地の開発」(とちのかいはつ). The word is neutral and widely applicable across industries, including technology, real estate, and education.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1136

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occurrence

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発生 (はっせい)' refers to the occurrence, outbreak, or generation of something, often used in contexts like natural phenomena, events, or issues. It implies the beginning or emergence of a situation or condition. For example: the occurrence of an earthquake「地震の発生」(じしんのはっせい). The outbreak of a disease「病気の発生」(びょうきのはっせい). It can also be used in technical or scientific contexts, such as the generation of energy「エネルギーの発生」(えねるぎーのはっせい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Statement

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発言 (はつげん)' refers to the act of making a statement or expressing an opinion, often in a formal or public setting. It is commonly used in contexts such as meetings, debates, or discussions. For example: His statement was very clear「彼の発言はとても明確でした」(かれのはつげんはとてもめいかくでした). Please refrain from making unnecessary statements「不必要な発言は控えてください」(ふひつようなはつげんはひかえてください). The word emphasizes the act of speaking out or contributing to a conversation, and it often carries a sense of responsibility or significance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1140

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discovery

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 見See

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発見 (はっけん)' means 'discovery'. It refers to the act of finding or uncovering something previously unknown or hidden. This word is often used in scientific, historical, or everyday contexts to describe the process of identifying something new. For example: The discovery of a new species「新種の発見」(しんしゅのはっけん). He made a surprising discovery「彼は驚くべき発見をした」(かれはおどろくべきはっけんをした). Note that '発見' can also imply a sense of realization or insight, such as discovering a solution to a problem.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1143

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出発 (しゅっぱつ)' means 'departure'. It refers to the act of leaving or setting out from a place, often used in contexts like travel, trips, or starting a journey. It can also metaphorically describe the beginning of a new endeavor or phase. For example: The train's departure is at 8 AM「電車の出発は8時です」(でんしゃのしゅっぱつは8じです). We will depart for Kyoto tomorrow「明日、京都へ出発します」(あした、きょうとへしゅっぱつします). Note that '出発' is often used with the verb 'する' to form the phrase '出発する', meaning 'to depart'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1145

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Announcement

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発表 (はっぴょう)' means 'announcement' or 'presentation'. It refers to the act of making something known publicly, often in a formal or official setting. This word is commonly used in academic, business, and media contexts. For example: The company made an announcement about the new product「会社は新製品について発表した」(かいしゃはしんせいひんについてはっぴょうした). I will give a presentation at the conference「私は会議で発表します」(わたしはかいぎではっぴょうします). The teacher announced the test results「先生はテストの結果を発表した」(せんせいはテストのけっかではっぴょうした). Note that '発表' can also imply a sense of responsibility or formality, as it often involves sharing information that others are waiting to hear.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expression

Reading

Kanji

表Surface, Express 現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '表現 (ひょうげん)' means 'expression'. It refers to the act of conveying thoughts, feelings, or ideas through words, art, gestures, or other forms of communication. It is commonly used in contexts related to language, art, and emotions. For example: Her expression in the painting is beautiful「彼女の絵の中の表現は美しい」(かのじょのえのなかのひょうげんはうつくしい). I struggled to find the right words to express my feelings「気持ちを表現する適切な言葉を見つけるのに苦労した」(きもちをひょうげんするてきせつなことばをみつけるのにくろうした). Note that '表現' can also refer to artistic or creative expression, as well as linguistic expression.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Representation, Delegate

Reading

Kanji

代Substitute, Era 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '代表 (だいひょう)' can mean 'representation' or 'delegate'. As 'representation', it refers to the act of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something. As 'delegate', it refers to a person chosen or appointed to represent others. Example sentences: He is the representative of our company「彼は私たちの会社の代表です」(かれはわたしたちのかいしゃのだいひょうです). This painting is a representation of peace「この絵は平和の代表です」(このえはへいわのだいひょうです). The nuance here is that '代表' can refer to both the concept of representation and the person who represents, depending on context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1151

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

計Measure, Plan 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '計画 (けいかく)' means 'plan'. It refers to a detailed proposal for doing or achieving something, often involving a series of steps or actions. This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts to describe strategies, projects, or schedules. For example: I made a plan for the trip「旅行の計画を立てた」(りょこうのけいかくをたてた). The company is working on a new business plan「会社は新しい事業計画を進めている」(かいしゃはあたらしいじぎょうけいかくをすすめている). The nuance of '計画' often implies a structured and deliberate approach to achieving a goal.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1166

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chatting, Talkative

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'おしゃべり (おしゃべり)' has two primary meanings. First, it refers to the act of chatting or casual conversation. For example: we were chatting about the weather「私たちは天気についておしゃべりしていた」(わたしたちはてんきについておしゃべりしていた). Second, it can describe someone who is talkative or chatty. For example: she is very talkative「彼女はとてもおしゃべりだ」(かのじょはとてもおしゃべりだ). The word often carries a lighthearted or informal tone and is commonly used in everyday conversation. It can also imply excessive talking in certain contexts, depending on the nuance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

1191

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fashionable

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'おしゃれ (おしゃれ)' means 'fashionable' or 'stylish'. It is used to describe someone who pays attention to their appearance, clothing, or overall style. This word often carries a positive connotation and is commonly used in casual conversations. For example: She is very fashionable「彼女はとてもおしゃれです」(かのじょはとてもおしゃれです). This café has a fashionable atmosphere「このカフェはおしゃれな雰囲気です」(このカフェはおしゃれなふんいきです). The term can also be used as a noun to refer to fashion or style itself, as in 'おしゃれが好き (おしゃれがすき) (I like fashion).'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

1214

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Travel

Reading

Kanji

旅Travel 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '旅行 (りょこう)' means 'travel'. It refers to the act of going on a trip or journey, often for leisure, business, or exploration. This word is commonly used in contexts involving vacations, sightseeing, or visiting new places. For example: I enjoy traveling「旅行が好きです」(りょこうがすきです). We went on a trip to Kyoto「京都に旅行しました」(きょうとにりょこうしました). It can also be used in compound words like '海外旅行 (かいがいりょこう)' (overseas travel) or '家族旅行 (かぞくりょこう)' (family trip).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1215

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hurrah, Long live

Reading

Kanji

万Ten thousand 歳Year, Years old

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '万歳 (ばんざい)' is used to express joy, celebration, or triumph. It is often shouted to cheer or celebrate something, similar to 'hurrah' or 'hooray' in English. Additionally, it can be used to wish someone or something a long life, akin to 'long live'. For example: Hurrah! We won!「万歳！勝った！」(ばんざい！かった！). Long live the king!「王様万歳！」(おうさまばんざい！). The word is commonly used in celebratory contexts, such as festivals, victories, or significant achievements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dance

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ダンス (だんす)' means 'dance'. It refers to the act of dancing or a dance performance. This word is often used in contexts related to social events, performances, or hobbies. For example: I enjoy dancing「ダンスを楽しんでいます」(だんすをたのしんでいます). She is good at dancing「彼女はダンスが上手です」(かのじょはだんすがじょうずです). The word 'ダンス' is commonly used in both casual and formal settings and can refer to various styles of dance, from traditional to modern.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

1245

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Combination, Bonding

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '結合 (けつごう)' refers to the act of combining or bonding things together. It is often used in scientific, technical, or abstract contexts to describe the union or integration of elements. For example: the combination of hydrogen and oxygen forms water「水素と酸素の結合は水を形成する」(すいそとさんそのけつごうはみずをけいせいする). The bonding of atoms creates molecules「原子の結合は分子を作る」(げんしのけつごうはぶんしをつくる). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe relationships or connections between people or ideas.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1249

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Self study

Reading

Kanji

自Self 習Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '自習 (じしゅう)' means 'self-study'. It refers to the act of studying or learning something on one's own, without direct instruction or supervision from a teacher. This term is commonly used in educational contexts, such as schools or universities, where students are expected to engage in self-study outside of class. For example: I will do self-study at the library today「今日は図書館で自習します」(きょうはとしょかんでじしゅうします). The teacher told us to do self-study for the next chapter「先生は次の章を自習するように言いました」(せんせいはつぎのしょうをじしゅうするようにいいました). Note that '自習' is often used in the form '自習する (じしゅうする)', which functions as a verb meaning 'to self-study'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meeting

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '会議 (かいぎ)' refers to a formal meeting or conference where discussions and decisions are made. It is commonly used in business, organizational, or political contexts. For example: We have a meeting tomorrow「明日会議があります」(あしたかいぎがあります). The meeting was productive「会議は生産的でした」(かいぎはせいさんてきでした). This term emphasizes the structured and official nature of the gathering, distinguishing it from casual or informal meetings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1275

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conflict

Reading

Kanji

対Against 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '対立 (たいりつ)' means 'conflict' or 'opposition'. It refers to a situation where two or more parties have opposing views, interests, or goals, leading to a clash or disagreement. This term is often used in contexts such as politics, relationships, or debates. For example: There is a conflict between the two parties「二つの党の間に対立がある」(ふたつのとうのあいだにたいりつがある). The conflict between the two countries intensified「二つの国の対立が激化した」(ふたつのくにのたいりつがげきかした). Note that '対立' can also imply a more formal or structured opposition, such as in legal or ideological disputes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reverse, Opposition

Reading

Kanji

反Anti 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '反対 (はんたい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'opposition,' referring to being against something or someone, such as in a disagreement or protest. For example: I am against this plan「私はこの計画に反対です」(わたしはこのけいかくにはんたいです). The second meaning is 'reverse,' indicating the opposite direction or side. For example: Please write it in reverse order「反対の順番で書いてください」(はんたいのじゅんばんでかいてください). The word is versatile and can be used in both abstract and concrete contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hospitalization

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 院Institution

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入院 (にゅういん)' refers to the act of being admitted to a hospital for treatment or care. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is staying in a hospital due to illness, injury, or medical procedures. For example: He was hospitalized for a week「彼は一週間入院した」(かれはいっしゅうかんにゅういんした). My grandmother needs to be hospitalized「私の祖母は入院する必要がある」(わたしのそぼはにゅういんするひつようがある). This term is often used in medical or personal health-related conversations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1307

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

No smoking

Reading

Kanji

禁Ban, Prohibition 煙Smoke

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '禁煙 (きんえん)' means 'no smoking' or 'smoking prohibition'. It is commonly used to indicate areas where smoking is not allowed, such as in public spaces, restaurants, or on public transportation. This term is often seen on signs and notices. For example: This is a no-smoking area「ここは禁煙です」(ここはきんえんです). Please refrain from smoking「禁煙をお願いします」(きんえんをおねがいします). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the act of quitting smoking, as in '禁煙する (きんえんする)' which means 'to quit smoking'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1326

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '存在 (そんざい)' means 'existence'. It refers to the state or fact of existing, being present, or being real. This word is often used in philosophical, existential, or formal contexts to discuss the nature of being or presence. For example: the existence of life on other planets「他の惑星に生命の存在がある」(ほかのわくせいにせいめいのそんざいがある). His presence is reassuring「彼の存在は安心感を与える」(かれのそんざいはあんしんかんをあたえる). It can also be used to describe the presence of something in a specific location or situation, such as 'the existence of a problem'「問題の存在」(もんだいのそんざい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1336

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attention

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注目 (ちゅうもく)' means 'attention' or 'focus'. It is used to describe the act of paying attention to something or someone, often implying interest or importance. This word is commonly used in contexts where something noteworthy or significant is being highlighted. For example: The new policy is attracting attention「新しい政策が注目を集めている」(あたらしいせいさくがちゅうもくをあつめている). Please pay attention to this point「この点に注目してください」(このてんにちゅうもくしてください). It can also be used in phrases like '注目の的 (ちゅうもくのまと)', meaning 'the center of attention'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1338

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注文 (ちゅうもん)' primarily means 'order' and is used in contexts such as ordering food at a restaurant, placing an order for goods, or requesting a service. It conveys the act of making a request or placing a demand for something. For example: I will order sushi「寿司を注文します」(すしをちゅうもんします). He placed an order for a new book「彼は新しい本を注文しました」(かれはあたらしいほんをちゅうもんしました). The word can also imply a specific request or customization, as in 'custom order' or 'special order'. It is commonly used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1339

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attention

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注意 (ちゅうい)' primarily means 'attention'. It is used to indicate the act of paying attention or being cautious about something. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to be careful or alert, such as in warnings or instructions. For example: Pay attention to the road「道路に注意してください」(どうろにちゅういしてください). Be careful with the hot water「お湯に注意」(おゆにちゅうい). Additionally, '注意' can also be used in a more formal or serious context, such as in official warnings or notices. For instance: The teacher gave a warning about the upcoming test「先生はテストについて注意を与えた」(せんせいはテストについてちゅういをあたえた).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

用Use 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '用意 (ようい)' means 'preparation'. It refers to the act of preparing or getting something ready for a specific purpose or event. This word is commonly used in contexts where planning or readiness is required, such as preparing for a trip, a meal, or an event. For example: I finished my preparation for the trip「旅行の用意ができた」(りょこうのよういができた). Please prepare the documents「書類を用意してください」(しょるいをよういしてください). It can also imply a sense of readiness or having something at hand, as in '用意ができている (よういができている)' meaning 'to be prepared'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting