word

Meaning

Lecture

Reading

Kanji

講Lecture 演Perform

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '講演 (こうえん)' refers to a formal talk or lecture given on a specific topic, often by an expert or a guest speaker. It is commonly used in academic, professional, or public settings. For example: I attended a lecture on Japanese history「日本の歴史についての講演に参加しました」(にほんのれきしについてのこうえんにさんかしました). The professor gave a lecture on climate change「教授が気候変動について講演しました」(きょうじゅがきこうへんどうについてこうえんしました). This term is often associated with structured, informative presentations rather than casual talks.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4449

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lecture

Reading

Kanji

講Lecture 義Righteousness

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '講義 (こうぎ)' refers to a formal lecture or academic instruction, typically given by a teacher or professor in an educational setting. It is commonly used in universities and schools to describe a structured presentation of knowledge on a specific subject. For example: I attended a lecture on Japanese history「日本の歴史の講義に出席した」(にほんのれきしのこうぎにしゅっせきした). The professor gave a lecture on economics「教授が経済学の講義をした」(きょうじゅがけいざいがくのこうぎをした). This term is often associated with formal education and is distinct from casual or informal discussions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4450

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cancellation

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 講Lecture

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '休講 (きゅうこう)' refers to the cancellation of a lecture or class. It is commonly used in academic settings to indicate that a scheduled lecture or class will not take place, often due to the teacher's absence or other unforeseen circumstances. For example: The lecture was canceled「休講になりました」(きゅうこうになりました). Tomorrow's class is canceled「明日の授業は休講です」(あしたのじゅぎょうはきゅうこうです). This term is specific to educational contexts and should not be confused with general cancellations of events or appointments.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4451

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Help

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 伝Transmit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'お手伝い (おてつだい)' means 'help' or 'assistance'. It is a polite form often used to refer to helping someone with a task or chore. This term is commonly used in domestic or work settings, and it carries a respectful tone due to the honorific prefix 'お'. For example: I will help with the housework「家事のお手伝いをします」(かじのおてつだいをします). She is helping her mother「彼女はお母さんのお手伝いをしています」(かのじょはおかあさんのおてつだいをしています). The term can also refer to a person who provides help, such as a domestic helper or assistant.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4459

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stimulation

Reading

Kanji

刺Stab 激Violent, Fierce

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '刺激 (しげき)' means 'stimulation'. It refers to the act of stimulating or provoking a response, whether physical, mental, or emotional. This word is often used in contexts involving excitement, provocation, or sensory input. For example: This movie provides strong stimulation「この映画は強い刺激を与える」(このえいがはつよいしげきをあたえる). Spicy food is a good stimulation for the appetite「辛い食べ物は食欲の良い刺激になる」(からいたべものはしょくよくのよいしげきになる). The word can also imply a sense of challenge or provocation, as in '彼の言葉は私に強い刺激を与えた (かれのことばはわたしにつよいしげきをあたえた) (His words gave me strong stimulation).'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4472

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deeply moved

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 激Violent, Fierce

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '感激 (かんげき)' refers to a state of being deeply moved or emotionally stirred, often due to something profoundly touching or inspiring. It conveys a strong emotional response, such as gratitude, admiration, or awe. For example: I was deeply moved by the movie「その映画に感激しました」(そのえいがにかんげきしました). His speech left me deeply moved「彼のスピーチに感激した」(かれのスピーチにかんげきした). This word is often used in contexts where an experience or event evokes a powerful emotional reaction.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4475

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excitement

Reading

Kanji

興Interest, Entertain 奮Invigorated

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '興奮 (こうふん)' refers to a state of excitement, agitation, or arousal. It is often used to describe emotional or physical excitement, such as the thrill of an event or the agitation caused by a situation. For example: I felt excitement at the concert「コンサートで興奮を感じた」(コンサートでこうふんをかんじた). The crowd was in a state of excitement「群衆は興奮状態だった」(ぐんしゅうはこうふんじょうたいだった). This word can also be used in contexts like sports, debates, or even scientific discussions to describe heightened energy or tension.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4478

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Match

Reading

Kanji

一One 致Doth, Do humbly

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '一致 (いっち)' means 'match' or 'agreement'. It refers to a state where two or more things are in harmony, correspond, or are in alignment with each other. This word is often used in contexts where there is a need to express that opinions, data, or conditions are in agreement. For example: The data matches「データが一致する」(データがいっちする). Our opinions agree「私たちの意見は一致している」(わたしたちのいけんはいっちしている). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as when describing a match in characteristics or features.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4487

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slow driving

Reading

Kanji

徐Slowly, Gradually 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '徐行 (じょこう)' refers to the act of driving slowly or proceeding at a reduced speed. It is commonly used in contexts related to traffic regulations, such as when drivers are required to slow down in specific areas like school zones or residential neighborhoods. For example: Drive slowly in the school zone「学校の近くで徐行してください」(がっこうのちかくでじょこうしてください). The car is moving slowly「車が徐行している」(くるまがじょこうしている). This term emphasizes the deliberate reduction of speed for safety or compliance purposes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4496

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tension, Nervousness

Reading

Kanji

緊Tense, Tighten 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '緊張 (きんちょう)' refers to a state of mental or physical strain, often due to stress, anxiety, or anticipation. It can describe both emotional nervousness and physical tension. For example: I felt nervous before the presentation「プレゼンの前に緊張した」(ぷれぜんのまえにきんちょうした). The tension in the room was palpable「部屋の緊張が感じられた」(へやのきんちょうがかんじられた). This word is commonly used in situations involving high-pressure scenarios, such as exams, performances, or important meetings. It can also describe the physical tension in muscles or objects, like a tightly stretched rope.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4505

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expansion

Reading

Kanji

拡Expand, Broaden 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拡張 (かくちょう)' means 'expansion'. It refers to the act of making something larger or more extensive, often used in contexts such as technology, business, or physical spaces. For example: The company is planning an expansion「会社は拡張を計画している」(かいしゃはかくちょうをけいかくしている). The software supports memory expansion「そのソフトウェアはメモリの拡張をサポートしている」(そのソフトウェアはメモリのかくちょうをサポートしている). This term is commonly used in technical or formal settings and implies growth or extension beyond current limits.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4506

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Business trip

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 張Spread, Stretch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出張 (しゅっちょう)' refers to a 'business trip'. It is used to describe traveling for work-related purposes, such as attending meetings, conferences, or other professional duties. This term is commonly used in professional settings and implies that the trip is work-related rather than personal. For example: I have a business trip tomorrow「明日は出張です」(あしたはしゅっちょうです). He went on a business trip to Osaka「彼は大阪に出張しました」(かれはおおさかにしゅっちょうしました). Note that '出張' is often used with verbs like する (to do) or 行く (to go) to indicate the action of going on a business trip.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4507

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conflict, Collision

Reading

Kanji

衝Collide 突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '衝突 (しょうとつ)' primarily means 'collision', referring to a physical impact between objects or entities. It can also mean 'conflict', describing a clash of opinions, interests, or forces. For example: The cars collided at the intersection「車が交差点で衝突した」(くるまがこうさてんでしょうとつした). There was a conflict between the two groups「二つのグループの間に衝突があった」(ふたつのグループのあいだにしょうとつがあった). The word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, making it versatile in describing physical accidents or interpersonal disputes.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4515

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fainting

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 絶Break off, Extinction

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '気絶 (きぜつ)' refers to the act of fainting or losing consciousness. It is often used to describe a sudden loss of consciousness due to shock, illness, or extreme emotional distress. For example: She fainted from the shock「彼女はショックで気絶した」(かのじょはショックできぜつした). The patient fainted during the procedure「患者は処置中に気絶した」(かんじゃはしょちちゅうにきぜつした). This term is commonly used in medical contexts or in situations where someone loses consciousness unexpectedly.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4533

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Protest

Reading

Kanji

抗Resist, Confront 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '抗議 (こうぎ)' means 'protest'. It refers to an expression of objection, disapproval, or dissent, often in response to an action, decision, or policy. This term is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as political, social, or workplace situations. For example: The workers submitted a protest against the new policy「労働者たちは新しい政策に抗議を提出した」(ろうどうしゃたちはあたらしいせいさくにこうぎをていしゅつした). The citizens held a protest against the construction plan「市民たちは建設計画に抗議を行った」(しみんたちはけんせつけいかくにこうぎをおこなった). Note that '抗議' can also be used as a verb when combined with suru, as in '抗議する (こうぎする)', meaning 'to protest'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4543

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refusal

Reading

Kanji

拒Repel, Refuse 否Negate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '拒否 (きょひ)' means 'refusal' or 'rejection'. It is used to describe the act of refusing or rejecting something, such as a request, proposal, or idea. This term is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as legal, political, or medical situations. For example: The government refused the proposal「政府はその提案を拒否した」(せいふはそのていあんをきょひした). The patient refused the treatment「患者は治療を拒否した」(かんじゃはちりょうをきょひした). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as refusing an invitation or offer. The nuance of '拒否' is often stronger than simply saying 'no', implying a firm or decisive rejection.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maintenance

Reading

Kanji

維Fiber, Maintain 持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '維持 (いじ)' means 'maintenance'. It refers to the act of keeping something in its current state or condition, or preserving it. This word is often used in contexts related to maintaining systems, relationships, health, or order. For example: maintenance of peace「平和の維持」(へいわのいじ). Maintaining good health「健康を維持する」(けんこうをいじする). It can also be used in technical or mechanical contexts, such as maintaining equipment「設備の維持」(せつびのいじ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Modesty

Reading

Kanji

謙Humble, Modesty 遜Humble

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '謙遜 (けんそん)' refers to the act of being modest or humble, often in the context of downplaying one's own abilities, achievements, or status. It is a valued trait in Japanese culture and is frequently used in social interactions to show politeness and respect. For example: He responded with modesty「彼は謙遜して答えた」(かれはけんそんしてこたえた). She always speaks with modesty「彼女はいつも謙遜して話す」(かのじょはいつもけんそんしてはなす). This term is often used in formal or professional settings to avoid appearing boastful.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4596

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sea bathing

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 水Water 浴Bathe

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '海水浴 (かいすいよく)' refers to the activity of swimming or bathing in the sea, often for leisure or health purposes. It is commonly associated with summer activities and beach outings. For example: We went seabathing yesterday「昨日、海水浴に行きました」(きのう、かいすいよくにいきました). Seabathing is popular in summer「海水浴は夏に人気です」(かいすいよくはなつににんきです). The term is often used in contexts related to vacation, relaxation, and enjoying the beach environment.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4607

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smoking

Reading

Kanji

喫Ingest, Consume 煙Smoke

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '喫煙 (きつえん)' refers to the act of smoking, particularly tobacco. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, regulations, or habits. For example: Smoking is prohibited here「ここでは喫煙は禁止されています」(ここではきつえんはきんしされています). He quit smoking last year「彼は去年喫煙をやめました」(かれはきょねんきつえんをやめました). The word is often seen in signs or public notices, such as '喫煙所 (きつえんじょ)' (smoking area). It is important to note that this term is neutral in tone and does not carry any positive or negative connotations by itself.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4617

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cooking

Reading

Kanji

炊Boil, Cook 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '炊事 (すいじ)' refers to the act of cooking or meal preparation, particularly in the context of daily household tasks. It often implies the process of preparing meals, including tasks like washing, cutting, and cooking ingredients. This term is commonly used in domestic settings and can also refer to the overall management of kitchen duties. Example sentences include: I do the cooking every day「毎日炊事をします」(まいにちすいじをします). She is good at cooking「彼女は炊事が上手です」(かのじょはすいじがじょうずです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4631

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interpretation

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 釈Release, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '解釈 (かいしゃく)' means 'interpretation'. It refers to the act of explaining or understanding the meaning of something, such as a text, situation, or event. This word is often used in academic, legal, or philosophical contexts. For example: His interpretation of the law was unique「彼の法律の解釈は独特だった」(かれのほうりつのかいしゃくはどくとくだった). The teacher's interpretation of the poem was insightful「先生の詩の解釈は洞察に富んでいた」(せんせいのしのかいしゃくはどうさつにとんでいた). It can also imply a subjective understanding, as interpretations may vary depending on the individual.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4646

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowd

Reading

Kanji

群Group, Flock 集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '群集 (ぐんしゅう)' refers to a 'crowd' or a gathering of many people. It is often used to describe a large group of people gathered in one place, such as at an event, in a public space, or during an incident. The word carries a neutral tone and can be used in both positive and negative contexts. For example: A crowd gathered at the scene of the accident「事故の現場に群集が集まった」(じこのげんばにぐんしゅうがあつまった). The crowd cheered loudly at the concert「コンサートで群集が大声で歓声を上げた」(コンサートでぐんしゅうがおおごえでかんせいをあげた). Note that '群集' is often used in written or formal contexts, while in casual speech, words like '人だかり (ひとだかり)' or '群衆 (ぐんしゅう)' might be more common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4663

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gargle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'うがい (ugai)' refers to the act of gargling, typically done to clean the throat or mouth. It is commonly practiced in Japan, especially during cold and flu seasons, as a hygiene measure. For example: I gargle with salt water「塩水でうがいをする」(しおみずでうがいをする). Please gargle after coming home「帰宅したらうがいをしてください」(きたくしたらうがいをしてください). This word is often used in health-related contexts and is a part of daily routines for many Japanese people.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

4664

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recommendation

Reading

Kanji

推Infer 薦Recommend, Mat

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '推薦 (すいせん)' means 'recommendation'. It is used to describe the act of recommending someone or something, often in formal contexts such as job applications, school admissions, or endorsements. For example: I received a recommendation from my teacher「先生から推薦をもらいました」(せんせいからすいせんをもらいました). The company gave him a strong recommendation「会社は彼に強い推薦をしました」(かいしゃはかれにつよいすいせんをしました). This term is commonly used in professional or academic settings where formal endorsements are required.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4686

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doze

Reading

Kanji

居Reside, Be 眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '居眠り (いねむり)' refers to the act of dozing off or taking a nap, often unintentionally or in a situation where one is expected to be awake, such as during a meeting or class. It implies a light, brief sleep rather than a deep, intentional rest. For example: I dozed off during the meeting「会議中に居眠りをした」(かいぎちゅうにいねむりをした). The student was dozing in class「その学生は授業中に居眠りをしていた」(そのがくせいはじゅぎょうちゅうにいねむりをしていた). This word is often used to describe a situation where someone falls asleep due to boredom or fatigue.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4742

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sleep

Reading

Kanji

睡Sleep, Drowsy 眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '睡眠 (すいみん)' refers to the act or state of sleeping. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, well-being, and daily routines. For example: I need more sleep「もっと睡眠が必要です」(もっとすいみんがひつようです). Good sleep is important for health「良い睡眠は健康に重要です」(よいすいみんはけんこうにじゅうようです). This word is often used in medical or scientific discussions about sleep quality, disorders, or habits. It can also appear in phrases like '睡眠不足 (すいみんぶそく)' (lack of sleep) or '睡眠時間 (すいみんじかん)' (sleep duration).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4747

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parentheses

Reading

Kanji

括Bind, Fasten 弧Arc, Arch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '括弧 (かっこ)' refers to 'parentheses' or 'brackets'. It is used to indicate a pair of punctuation marks that enclose additional information or asides within a sentence. In Japanese, there are different types of brackets, such as 丸括弧 (まるかっこ) for round brackets (), 角括弧 (かくかっこ) for square brackets [], and 波括弧 (なみかっこ) for curly brackets {}. Example sentences: Please put the word in parentheses「その言葉を括弧に入れてください」(そのことばをかっこにいれてください). The explanation is in brackets「説明は括弧内にあります」(せつめいはかっこないにあります).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4763

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Command

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 揮Wield, Display

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '指揮 (しき)' means 'command' or 'directing'. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is leading or managing a group, such as in military, musical, or organizational settings. For example: The conductor is directing the orchestra「指揮者がオーケストラを指揮している」(しきしゃがオーケストラをしきしている). The general commanded the troops「将軍が部隊を指揮した」(しょうぐんがぶたいをしきした). This word emphasizes the act of guiding or controlling a group or activity, often with authority or expertise.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4764

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Faith

Reading

Kanji

信Trust 仰Look up

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '信仰 (しんこう)' means 'faith' or 'belief'. It refers to a strong belief in a religion, deity, or spiritual practice. This word is often used in contexts related to religious devotion or trust in a higher power. For example: he has strong faith in Buddhism「彼は仏教に強い信仰を持っている」(かれはぶっきょうにつよいしんこうをもっている). Faith can move mountains「信仰は山をも動かす」(しんこうはやまをもうごかす). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to discuss religious or spiritual matters.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4768

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cultivation

Reading

Kanji

栽Plant, Planting 培Cultivate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '栽培 (さいばい)' means 'cultivation'. It refers to the process of growing and nurturing plants, crops, or other agricultural products. This term is commonly used in contexts related to farming, gardening, or horticulture. For example: The cultivation of rice is important in Japan「米の栽培は日本で重要です」(こめのさいばいはにほんでじゅうようです). They are cultivating vegetables in the garden「彼らは庭で野菜を栽培しています」(かれらはにわでやさいをさいばいしています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the nurturing or development of skills, ideas, or relationships, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4775

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Caution

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 戒Admonish, Commandment

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '警戒 (けいかい)' means 'caution' or 'vigilance'. It refers to the act of being watchful or alert to potential danger or trouble. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to be careful or on guard, such as in security, safety, or even interpersonal relationships. For example: The police are on high alert「警察は警戒を強めている」(けいさつはけいかいをつよめている). We must be cautious of natural disasters「自然災害に警戒しなければならない」(しぜんさいがいにけいかいしなければならない). The word can also be used in phrases like '警戒心 (けいかいしん)', which means 'sense of caution' or 'wariness'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4776

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regret

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 悔Repent, Regret

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '後悔 (こうかい)' means 'regret'. It refers to the feeling of sadness, repentance, or disappointment over something that has happened or something one has done. It is often used to express remorse or a wish that things had been done differently. For example: I regret not studying harder「もっと勉強しなかったことを後悔している」(もっとべんきょうしなかったことをこうかいしている). He regrets his decision「彼は自分の決断を後悔している」(かれはじぶんのけつだんをこうかいしている). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to express personal feelings of regret.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4782

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deliberation

Reading

Kanji

審Investigate, Judge 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '審議 (しんぎ)' refers to the act of careful consideration or discussion, often in a formal or official context. It is commonly used in settings such as government, committees, or organizations where decisions are made after thorough discussion. For example: The committee is in deliberation「委員会は審議中です」(いいんかい は しんぎちゅう です). The bill is under deliberation「法案は審議中です」(ほうあん は しんぎちゅう です). This term emphasizes the process of weighing options and discussing details before reaching a conclusion.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4792

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boast

Reading

Kanji

自Self 慢Ridicule, Arrogant

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '自慢 (じまん)' means 'boast' or 'pride'. It refers to the act of proudly talking about one's own achievements, possessions, or qualities, often to impress others. It can also imply a sense of pride in something, whether it's personal or related to someone else. For example: He always boasts about his car「彼はいつも車を自慢する」(かれはいつもくるまをじまんする). This is my proudest achievement「これは私の一番の自慢です」(これはわたしのいちばんのじまんです). The word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the tone and situation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4809

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Kanji

歓Rejoice, Delight 迎Welcome

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '歓迎 (かんげい)' means 'welcome'. It is used to express a warm reception or acceptance of someone or something. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as welcoming guests, new members, or ideas. For example: We welcome your opinion「あなたの意見を歓迎します」(あなたのいけんをかんげいします). The new employee was warmly welcomed「新しい従業員は温かく歓迎されました」(あたらしいじゅうぎょういんはあたたかくかんげいされました). It can also be used in phrases like '歓迎会 (かんげいかい)', which means 'welcome party'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4811

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquisition

Reading

Kanji

獲Seize, Catch game 得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '獲得 (かくとく)' means 'acquisition'. It refers to the act of obtaining or gaining something, often through effort or competition. This word is commonly used in contexts such as acquiring skills, rights, or resources. For example: the acquisition of new technology「新しい技術の獲得」(あたらしいぎじゅつのかくとく). The team worked hard for the acquisition of the championship「チームは優勝の獲得に一生懸命取り組んだ」(チームはゆうしょうのかくとくにいっしょうけんめいとりくんだ). It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as acquiring knowledge or rights.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4825

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harvest

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain 穫Harvest

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '収穫 (しゅうかく)' primarily means 'harvest'. It refers to the process or result of gathering crops from the fields. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the fruits of one's labor or efforts in a broader sense. For example: The harvest this year was abundant「今年の収穫は豊かだった」(ことしのしゅうかくはゆたかだった). We are looking forward to the harvest of our hard work「私たちの努力の収穫を楽しみにしている」(わたしたちのどりょくのしゅうかくをたのしみにしている). It is important to note that '収穫' is often used in agricultural contexts but can extend to other areas where results or outcomes are gathered.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4826

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trot

Reading

Kanji

駆Spur on, Gallop 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '駆け足 (かけあし)' refers to a light, quick run or trot. It is often used to describe a brisk pace, either literally for movement or metaphorically for doing something quickly. For example: The horse is trotting「馬が駆け足をしている」(うまがかけあしをしている). Let's finish this quickly「駆け足で終わらせよう」(かけあしでおわらせよう). This term can also imply doing something in a hurried or superficial manner, as in '駆け足で説明する (かけあしでせつめいする) (to explain something hastily).'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4868

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chorus

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 唱Chant

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合唱 (がっしょう)' refers to a 'chorus' or 'choral singing'. It is commonly used to describe a group of people singing together in harmony, often in a formal or organized setting such as a school event, concert, or religious ceremony. For example: The students performed a chorus at the school festival「生徒たちは学園祭で合唱をしました」(せいとたちはがくえんさいでがっしょうをしました). We practiced the chorus for the concert「私たちはコンサートのために合唱を練習しました」(わたしたちはこんさーとのためにがっしょうをれんしゅうしました). This term is often associated with group performances and emphasizes the collective effort of singing together.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4885

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crystallization

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 晶Crystal

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '結晶 (けっしょう)' refers to the process or result of crystallization, where a substance forms into a crystal structure. It can also metaphorically represent the culmination or tangible result of efforts, ideas, or emotions. For example: The crystallization of salt from seawater「海水からの塩の結晶」(かいすいからのしおのけっしょう). Her hard work finally crystallized into success「彼女の努力がついに成功という結晶になった」(かのじょのどりょくがついにせいこうというけっしょうになった).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4886

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bill, Calculation

Reading

Kanji

勘Check, Intuition 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '勘定 (かんじょう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'bill', referring to the amount owed for services or goods, often used in restaurants or stores. For example: Please bring the bill「勘定をお願いします」(かんじょうをおねがいします). The second meaning is 'calculation', referring to the act of computing or figuring out numbers. For example: He is good at mental calculation「彼は暗算の勘定が得意です」(かれはあんざんのかんじょうがとくいです). The word can also imply careful consideration or planning in certain contexts, such as 'taking into account'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4894

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misunderstanding

Reading

Kanji

勘Check, Intuition 違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '勘違い (かんちがい)' means 'misunderstanding' or 'mistaken assumption'. It refers to a situation where someone has misunderstood or misinterpreted something, often leading to confusion or incorrect conclusions. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe minor or significant errors in perception or judgment. For example: I misunderstood the time「時間を勘違いした」(じかんをかんちがいした). She thought I was angry, but it was a misunderstanding「彼女は私が怒っていると勘違いした」(かのじょはわたしがおこっているとかんちがいした). The term can also imply a sense of self-awareness when realizing one's own mistake, as in 'I was mistaken'「勘違いしていた」(かんちがいしていた).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4899

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Improvement

Reading

Kanji

改Reform 善Good, Virtuous

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '改善 (かいぜん)' means 'improvement'. It refers to the act of making something better or enhancing its quality, often used in contexts like business, processes, or personal development. For example: We need to make improvements to the system「システムの改善が必要です」(システムのかいぜんがひつようです). The company is working on improving its services「会社はサービスの改善に取り組んでいます」(かいしゃはサービスのかいぜんにとりくんでいます). This word is commonly used in professional or formal settings to describe efforts to refine or optimize something.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4944

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Autumn leaves

Reading

Kanji

紅Crimson 葉Leaf

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '紅葉 (こうよう)' refers to the phenomenon of leaves changing color in autumn, often specifically to the vibrant reds and yellows seen in Japanese maple trees. It is also used to describe the act of leaves changing color. This word is deeply tied to the appreciation of seasonal beauty in Japanese culture. Example sentences: The autumn leaves are beautiful「紅葉がきれいです」(こうようがきれいです). Let's go see the autumn leaves「紅葉を見に行きましょう」(こうようをみにいきましょう).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4954

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consideration

Reading

Kanji

考Think, Consider 慮Consider

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '考慮 (こうりょ)' means 'consideration'. It refers to the act of carefully thinking about something before making a decision or taking action. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts, such as business, law, or policy-making. For example: Please take this into consideration「これを考慮してください」(これをこうりょしてください). The committee gave careful consideration to the proposal「委員会はその提案を慎重に考慮した」(いいんかいはそのていあんをしんちょうにこうりょした). It can also be used in everyday situations when discussing thoughtful decision-making.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4964

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diarrhea

Reading

Kanji

下Down 痢Diarrhea, Diarrhoea

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '下痢 (げり)' refers to 'diarrhea', a condition characterized by frequent, loose, or watery bowel movements. It is commonly used in medical or everyday contexts to describe this specific health issue. For example: I have diarrhea「下痢をしています」(げりをしています). He got diarrhea from bad food「彼は悪い食べ物で下痢になった」(かれはわるいたべものでげりになった). This term is straightforward and typically used in both formal and informal settings to describe the condition.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4965

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scorn

Reading

Kanji

軽Lightly 蔑Neglect, Scorn

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '軽蔑 (けいべつ)' means 'scorn' or 'contempt'. It refers to a feeling of disdain or disrespect towards someone or something considered inferior or unworthy. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts to describe a strong negative attitude. For example: He looked at me with scorn「彼は軽蔑の目で私を見た」(かれはけいべつのめでわたしをみた). She felt contempt for his dishonesty「彼女は彼の不誠実さに軽蔑を感じた」(かのじょはかれのふせいじつさにけいべつをかんじた). The word can also be used in phrases like '軽蔑する (けいべつする)', which means 'to scorn' or 'to despise'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4990

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Performance

Reading

Kanji

演Perform 奏Play music

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '演奏 (えんそう)' refers to the act of performing music, typically on an instrument or as part of an ensemble. It is commonly used in contexts involving concerts, recitals, or any musical presentation. For example: The piano performance was beautiful「ピアノの演奏は美しかった」(ぴあののえんそうはうつくしかった). I will attend a violin performance tomorrow「明日、バイオリンの演奏を聴きに行きます」(あした、ばいおりんのえんそうをききにいきます). This word is often associated with formal or artistic settings and emphasizes the act of playing music rather than just listening to it.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4995

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Luxury, Extravagance

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ぜいたく (zeitaku)' refers to luxury or extravagance. It describes something that is indulgent, lavish, or beyond what is necessary. This word often carries a nuance of excess or wastefulness, and it can be used in both positive and negative contexts depending on the situation. For example: Living in luxury is nice, but it's not necessary「ぜいたくに暮らすのはいいけど、必要じゃない」(ぜいたくにくらすのはいいけど、ひつようじゃない). Don't be so extravagant with your money「お金をぜいたくに使わないで」(おかねをぜいたくにつかわないで). The word can also describe actions or behaviors that are overly indulgent, such as spending too much on unnecessary items.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

4996

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Practice

Reading

Kanji

稽Think, Consider 古Old

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '稽古 (けいこ)' primarily means 'practice' or 'training'. It is commonly used in contexts related to learning or perfecting a skill, such as martial arts, traditional arts, or performing arts. For example: I have kendo practice today「今日は剣道の稽古があります」(きょうはけんどうのけいこがあります). She is practicing the tea ceremony「彼女は茶道の稽古をしています」(かのじょはさどうのけいこをしています). The word often carries a nuance of disciplined, repetitive training aimed at mastery, and it is frequently used in traditional or artistic contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5010

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neglect

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 無Nothing 沙Sand 汰Select

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '御無沙汰 (ごぶさた)' refers to the act of neglecting to contact someone or not being in touch for a long time. It is often used in polite expressions to apologize for not having been in contact. For example: I'm sorry for not being in touch「ご無沙汰しております」(ごぶさたしております). It's been a long time since we last met「久しぶりに会いましたね」(ひさしぶりにあいましたね). This term is commonly used in formal or semi-formal contexts to express regret for not maintaining communication.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5030

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrival

Reading

Kanji

来Come 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '来日 (らいにち)' refers to the act of arriving in Japan, typically used for foreigners coming to Japan. It is often used in formal or official contexts, such as news reports or announcements. For example: The president's arrival in Japan is scheduled for next week「大統領の来日は来週に予定されています」(だいとうりょうのらいにちはらいしゅうによていされています). Many tourists come to Japan every year「毎年多くの観光客が来日します」(まいとしおおくのかんこうきゃくがらいにちします). Note that '来日' is specifically about arriving in Japan, not just any arrival.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5097

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Day trip

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 帰Return

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '日帰り (ひがえり)' refers to a trip or outing that is completed within a single day, without staying overnight. It is commonly used to describe short trips, such as visiting a nearby city or tourist spot and returning home the same day. For example: We went on a daytrip to Kyoto「私たちは京都に日帰りで行きました」(わたしたちはきょうとにひがえりでいきました). A daytrip to the hot springs「温泉に日帰りで行く」(おんせんにひがえりでいく). This term is often used in travel contexts and emphasizes the brevity of the trip.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5101

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coming and going

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出入り (でいり)' refers to the act of entering and exiting a place, or the movement of people or things in and out of a location. It is often used to describe frequent or regular movement, such as visitors coming and going from a building. For example: There is a lot of coming and going at the office「オフィスでは出入りが多い」(オフィスではでいりがおおい). The store has a lot of customer traffic「その店は出入りが激しい」(そのみせはでいりがはげしい). Additionally, '出入り' can also imply interaction or involvement with a place or group, such as '出入り禁止 (でいりきんし)' meaning 'no entry' or 'off-limits'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5124

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rest

Reading

Kanji

一One 休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '一休み (ひとやすみ)' means 'rest' or 'a short break'. It is commonly used to indicate taking a brief pause or respite from an activity. This word is often used in casual or everyday contexts, such as during work, study, or physical exertion. For example: Let's take a short rest「一休みしましょう」(ひとやすみしましょう). After walking for an hour, I took a rest「1時間歩いた後、一休みした」(1じかんあるいたあと、ひとやすみした). The term emphasizes a temporary pause rather than a long break, making it suitable for situations where the activity will resume shortly.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5153

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Input

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入力 (にゅうりょく)' means 'input'. It refers to the act of entering data or information into a system, device, or form. This term is commonly used in contexts involving computers, forms, or any situation where information is being entered. For example: please input your name「名前を入力してください」(なまえをにゅうりょくしてください). The data input was incorrect「データの入力が間違っていました」(データのにゅうりょくがまちがっていました). It is important to note that '入力' is often used in technical or formal settings, and it can be paired with verbs like 'する' to form the action of inputting, as in '入力する (にゅうりょくする)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5162

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Maintenance

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '手入れ (ていれ)' means 'maintenance'. It refers to the act of taking care of something, such as cleaning, repairing, or grooming, to keep it in good condition. This word is often used in contexts like gardening, personal grooming, or the upkeep of objects. For example: regular maintenance is important for the garden「庭の手入れは大切です」(にわのていれはたいせつです). She is good at hair maintenance「彼女は髪の手入れが上手です」(かのじょはかみのていれがじょうずです). It can also imply a sense of diligence and attention to detail in the care provided.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5174

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decline

Reading

Kanji

低Low 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '低下 (ていか)' means 'decline' or 'decrease'. It is used to describe a reduction or drop in quality, quantity, level, or status. This term is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as economics, health, or performance. For example: a decline in academic performance「学力の低下」(がくりょくのていか). The decrease in temperature「気温の低下」(きおんのていか). It can also be used to describe a decline in physical or mental condition, such as '体力の低下 (たいりょくのていか) (decline in physical strength)'. Note that '低下' is often paired with nouns using the particle 'の' to indicate what is declining.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5230

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distraction

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'よそ見 (よそみ)' refers to the act of looking away or being distracted, often when one should be paying attention. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is not focusing on what they are supposed to be doing, such as in a classroom or while driving. For example: Don't get distracted while driving「運転中によそ見をしないで」(うんてんちゅうによそみをしないで). She was looking away during the lecture「彼女は講義中によそ見をしていた」(かのじょはこうぎちゅうによそみをしていた). The term can also imply a lack of focus or attention in general, not just visually.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5272

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reading

Reading

Kanji

読Read 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '読書 (どくしょ)' refers to the act of reading books. It is commonly used to describe the activity of reading for pleasure, study, or personal growth. This term emphasizes the process of engaging with written material, often implying a more serious or dedicated approach to reading. For example: I enjoy reading「私は読書が好きです」(わたしはどくしょがすきです). Reading is important for learning「読書は学ぶために重要です」(どくしょはまなぶためにじゅうようです). The term can also be used in contexts like '読書会 (どくしょかい)', which means a book club or reading group.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Closing

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '閉会 (へいかい)' refers to the act of closing or concluding an event, meeting, or ceremony. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as conferences, assemblies, or official gatherings. For example: The chairman announced the closing of the meeting「議長が閉会を宣言した」(ぎちょうがへいかいをせんげんした). The conference will close at 5 PM「会議は午後5時に閉会します」(かいぎはごご5じにへいかいします). Note that '閉会' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the action of closing, as in '閉会する' (to close).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Matchmaking

Reading

Kanji

見See 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '見合い (みあい)' refers to a formal meeting arranged for the purpose of matchmaking, often with the intention of marriage. It is a traditional practice in Japan where potential partners are introduced to each other, usually by family members, friends, or professional matchmakers. For example: They had a matchmaking meeting「彼らは見合いをした」(かれらはみあいをした). My parents arranged a matchmaking for me「私の両親は私に見合いをセットした」(わたしのりょうしんはわたしにみあいをセットした). The term can also be used more broadly to describe any situation where two parties are brought together for mutual consideration, though it is most commonly associated with marriage arrangements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5302

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joining

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 社Company

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入社 (にゅうしゃ)' refers to the act of joining a company or starting employment at a company. It is commonly used in the context of new employees beginning their work at a company. For example: I joined the company last year「私は去年入社しました」(わたしはきょねんにゅうしゃしました). The new employee will join the company next month「新しい社員は来月入社します」(あたらしいしゃいんはらいげつにゅうしゃします). This term is often used in formal or business settings and is associated with the start of one's career or employment at a specific company.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5305

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Satisfaction

Reading

Kanji

満Full 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '満足 (まんぞく)' means 'satisfaction'. It refers to a feeling of contentment or fulfillment when one's desires, expectations, or needs are met. It can be used in various contexts, such as personal achievements, customer satisfaction, or general contentment. For example: I feel satisfied with my work「私は自分の仕事に満足しています」(わたしはじぶんのしごとにまんぞくしています). The customer expressed satisfaction with the service「その客はサービスに満足したと言った」(そのきゃくはサービスにまんぞくしたといった). Note that '満足' can also function as a verb when combined with 'する', as in '満足する (まんぞくする)', meaning 'to be satisfied'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5306

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrance

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入場 (にゅうじょう)' means 'entrance' or 'admission'. It is used to describe the act of entering a place, such as a venue, event, or facility. This word is often used in contexts like ticket admission, entering a concert hall, or gaining access to an event. For example: The entrance fee is 1000 yen「入場料は1000円です」(にゅうじょうりょうはせんえんです). Please wait for your turn to enter「入場をお待ちください」(にゅうじょうをおまちください). It can also be used in compound words like '入場券 (にゅうじょうけん)' (admission ticket) or '入場者 (にゅうじょうしゃ)' (entrant).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5320

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Design

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'デザイン (でざいん)' means 'design'. It refers to the process or result of creating a plan, structure, or visual representation for something, such as products, graphics, or systems. It is commonly used in contexts related to art, fashion, architecture, and technology. For example: This dress has a beautiful design「このドレスは素敵なデザインです」(このドレスはすてきなでざいんです). He is designing a new logo「彼は新しいロゴをデザインしています」(かれはあたらしいろごをでざいんしています). The word can also imply intentional planning or arrangement, as in 'the design of the building is modern'「その建物のデザインはモダンです」(そのたてもののでざいんはもだんです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5321

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cancellation

Reading

Kanji

中Center 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '中止 (ちゅうし)' means 'cancellation' or 'suspension'. It refers to the act of stopping or discontinuing an event, activity, or process before its completion. This term is often used in formal contexts, such as canceling events, meetings, or operations due to unforeseen circumstances. For example: The event was canceled due to rain「イベントは雨で中止になった」(イベントはあめでちゅうしになった). The meeting was suspended「会議は中止された」(かいぎはちゅうしされた). It is important to note that '中止' implies a deliberate decision to stop something, often due to external factors.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5354

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long talk

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '長話 (ながばなし)' refers to a long conversation or a lengthy talk. It is often used to describe a situation where someone talks for an extended period, sometimes unnecessarily or in a way that might be seen as tedious. For example: I got caught in a long talk「長話に巻き込まれた」(ながばなしにまきこまれた). Please avoid long talks during meetings「会議中に長話は避けてください」(かいぎちゅうにながばなしはさけてください). The term can carry a slightly negative connotation, implying that the conversation is longer than necessary or desired.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5374

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entry, Immigration

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入国 (にゅうこく)' refers to the act of entering a country, often used in the context of immigration or crossing borders. It is commonly used in formal or official settings, such as at airports or when discussing legal procedures. For example: He completed the immigration process「彼は入国手続きを終えた」(かれはにゅうこくてつづきをおえた). Entry into Japan requires a visa「日本への入国にはビザが必要です」(にほんへのにゅうこくにはビザがひつようです). Note that this term is distinct from '出国 (しゅっこく)', which means 'departure' or 'exit from a country'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5397

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Understanding

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '理解 (りかい)' means 'understanding'. It refers to the act of comprehending or grasping something, whether it be a concept, situation, or another person's feelings. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to express the idea of gaining insight or knowledge. For example: I have a deep understanding of the problem「私はその問題を深く理解しています」(わたしはそのもんだいをふかくりかいしています). Mutual understanding is important in relationships「関係において相互理解は重要です」(かんけいにおいてそうごりかいはじゅうようです). It can also be used to describe the process of understanding, as in 'understanding the instructions' (理解する (りかいする)).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5423

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disassembly, Analysis

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '分解 (ぶんかい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'disassembly', referring to the act of taking something apart into its constituent pieces. For example: I disassembled the machine「機械を分解した」(きかいをぶんかいした). The second meaning is 'analysis', referring to the detailed examination of the elements or structure of something. For example: The scientist analyzed the data「科学者がデータを分解した」(かがくしゃがデータをぶんかいした). It's important to note that the context in which '分解' is used will determine whether it refers to physical disassembly or abstract analysis.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5424

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Minus, Disadvantage

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'マイナス (mainasu)' primarily means 'minus' in the context of mathematics or subtraction, such as in '5 minus 3 equals 2'「5マイナス3は2」(ごまいなすさんはに). However, it can also mean 'disadvantage' or 'negative aspect' when used in a broader context, such as in 'This plan has more disadvantages than advantages'「このプランはメリットよりマイナスの方が多い」(このぷらんはめりっとよりまいなすのほうがおおい). The word is often used in both technical and everyday conversations to indicate a reduction, loss, or unfavorable condition.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5447

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discount, Bargain

Reading

Kanji

安Cheap, Relax 売Sell

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '安売り (やすうり)' refers to the act of selling goods at a reduced price, often to attract customers or clear stock. It can also imply a bargain or a deal. This term is commonly used in retail and shopping contexts. For example: The store is having a discount sale「その店は安売りをしています」(そのみせはやすうりをしています). I bought this at a bargain「これを安売りで買いました」(これをやすうりでかいました). Note that '安売り' can sometimes carry a nuance of selling something cheaply or at a loss, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5461

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trade

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 買Buy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '売買 (ばいばい)' refers to the act of buying and selling, commonly translated as 'trade' or 'transaction'. It is used in contexts involving commercial activities, such as the exchange of goods, services, or properties. For example: The trade of goods is increasing「商品の売買が増えている」(しょうひんのばいばいがふえている). They are involved in real estate transactions「彼らは不動産の売買に関わっている」(かれらはふどうさんのばいばいにかかわっている). This term is neutral and can be applied to both legal and illegal transactions, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5462

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Closing

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut 店Shop

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '閉店 (へいてん)' refers to the act of closing a store or business for the day. It is commonly used in contexts related to retail, restaurants, or any establishment that operates on a daily schedule. For example: The store is closing now「店はもう閉店です」(みせはもうへいてんです). What time does the shop close?「お店は何時に閉店しますか？」(おみせはなんじにへいてんしますか？). It can also be used to indicate permanent closure, as in 'The shop closed permanently last month'「その店は先月閉店しました」(そのみせはせんげつへいてんしました). Note that '閉店' is often paired with '開店 (かいてん)', which means 'opening'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5463

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Price increase

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '値上がり (ねあがり)' refers to an increase in price or a rise in cost. It is commonly used in economic, financial, or everyday contexts to describe situations where the price of goods, services, or commodities goes up. For example: The price of gasoline has increased「ガソリンの値上がりが続いている」(ガソリンのねあがりがつづいている). Due to the shortage, prices are rising「不足のため値上がりが起こっている」(ふそくのためねあがりがおこっている). This term is neutral and does not imply whether the increase is good or bad, but it often carries a connotation of concern or impact on consumers.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5473

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Price hike

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '値上げ (ねあげ)' refers to an increase in price or a price hike. It is commonly used in contexts related to economics, business, and everyday shopping. For example: The company announced a price hike「会社は値上げを発表した」(かいしゃはねあげをはっぴょうした). Due to inflation, prices have gone up「インフレのため、値上げが行われた」(インフレのため、ねあげがおこなわれた). This term is often used in news reports, business discussions, and consumer complaints about rising costs.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5474

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decrease

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '値下がり (ねさがり)' refers to a decrease or drop in value, price, or worth. It is commonly used in economic, financial, or market contexts to describe a decline in the price of goods, stocks, or other assets. For example: The price of the stock decreased「株価が値下がりした」(かぶかがねさがりした). The value of the yen decreased「円が値下がりした」(えんがねさがりした). This term is often used in news reports or discussions about market trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5475

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Price reduction

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '値下げ (ねさげ)' refers to the act of reducing the price of something. It is commonly used in retail, business, and economic contexts to describe discounts, markdowns, or price cuts. For example: The store announced a price reduction「店が値下げを発表した」(みせがねさげをはっぴょうした). We need to reduce the price of this product「この商品の値下げが必要だ」(このしょうひんのねさげがひつようだ). The term is often used in advertisements or discussions about pricing strategies.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5481

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plus

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'プラス (purasu)' means 'plus' and is commonly used in contexts involving addition, positivity, or advantage. It can refer to mathematical addition, as in '2 plus 2 equals 4'「2プラス2は4です」(にプラスに は よん です). It can also describe a positive aspect or benefit, such as 'This experience is a plus for my career'「この経験は私のキャリアにプラスです」(このけいけんは わたしのキャリアに プラス です). Additionally, it is used in everyday language to indicate something beneficial or advantageous, like 'This feature is a plus'「この機能はプラスです」(このきのうは プラス です).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5490

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lead

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'リード (りーど)' is derived from the English word 'lead' and is used in contexts such as sports, games, or situations where one is ahead or in control. It can also refer to guiding or directing someone or something. For example: Our team has a strong lead「私たちのチームはリードしている」(わたしたちのチームはりーどしている). He led the discussion「彼は議論をリードした」(かれはぎろんをりーどした). Note that this word is often used in competitive or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5498

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reporting

Reading

Kanji

報Report, News 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '報道 (ほうどう)' means 'reporting' or 'news coverage'. It refers to the act of gathering and disseminating information, particularly through media outlets like newspapers, television, or online platforms. This term is often used in contexts related to journalism and mass communication. For example: The media is reporting on the incident「メディアはその事件を報道している」(メディアはそのじけんをほうどうしている). Accurate reporting is important「正確な報道が重要だ」(せいかくなほうどうがじゅうようだ). The word can also be used in compound terms like '報道機関 (ほうどうきかん)' (news organization) or '報道陣 (ほうどうじん)' (press corps).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5499

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Caution

Reading

Kanji

用Use 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '用心 (ようじん)' means 'caution' or 'carefulness'. It is used to describe the act of being careful or taking precautions to avoid danger or mistakes. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to be vigilant or alert. For example: Please be cautious when crossing the street「道を渡るときは用心してください」(みちをわたるときはようじんしてください). He is always cautious about his health「彼はいつも健康に用心している」(かれはいつもけんこうにようじんしている). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '用心深い (ようじんぶかい)', meaning 'cautious' or 'prudent'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5514

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Kanji

度Degrees, Times 忘Forget

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '度忘れ (どわすれ)' refers to the act of temporarily forgetting something, often something that one usually knows well. It implies a momentary lapse in memory rather than a permanent forgetfulness. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe situations where someone can't recall a word, name, or fact they are familiar with. For example: I forgot the word for a moment「その言葉を度忘れした」(そのことばをどわすれした). He forgot his friend's name「彼は友達の名前を度忘れした」(かれはともだちのなまえをどわすれした). The nuance here is that the memory is expected to return soon, as it is a temporary forgetfulness.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5516

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Notice

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 知Know

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通知 (つうち)' means 'notice' or 'notification'. It refers to the act of informing someone about something, often in an official or formal manner. This word is commonly used in contexts such as official announcements, legal notices, or updates from organizations. For example: I received a notice from the school「学校から通知を受けました」(がっこうからつうちをうけました). Please send a notification to all members「全員に通知を送ってください」(ぜんいんにつうちをおくってください). The word can also imply a sense of obligation or importance, as in 'notification of changes' (変更の通知, へんこうのつうち).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5522

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lack, Shortage

Reading

Kanji

不Not 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '不足 (ふそく)' primarily means 'shortage' or 'lack'. It is used to describe a situation where there is not enough of something, whether it be physical items, resources, or abstract concepts like time or effort. For example: There is a shortage of water「水が不足している」(みずがふそくしている). I lack sleep「睡眠が不足している」(すいみんがふそくしている). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as a lack of effort「努力が不足している」(どりょくがふそくしている). The word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate insufficiency.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5540

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feces

Reading

Kanji

大Big 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '大便 (だいべん)' refers to 'feces' or 'excrement'. It is a formal or medical term used to describe bodily waste. This word is often used in clinical or polite contexts, and it is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where more casual terms like 'うんこ' or 'うんち' might be preferred. For example: The doctor asked about his feces「医者は彼の大便について尋ねた」(いしゃはかれのだいべんについてたずねた). Please dispose of the feces properly「大便を適切に処理してください」(だいべんをてきせつにしょりしてください). Note that this term is neutral in tone but may sound overly formal in casual settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ミス (misu)' means 'mistake' or 'error'. It is often used in contexts where someone has made a mistake, particularly in sports, work, or daily activities. The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in casual and formal settings. For example: I made a mistake in the report「レポートでミスをした」(レポートでミスをした). She made a mistake during the game「彼女は試合中にミスをした」(かのじょはしあいちゅうにミスをした). The word can also be used as a verb, as in 'ミスする (misu suru)', which means 'to make a mistake'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5579

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remittance

Reading

Kanji

送Send 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '送金 (そうきん)' refers to the act of sending money, typically through a bank or other financial institution. It is commonly used in contexts involving transferring funds to someone else, whether domestically or internationally. For example: I sent a remittance to my family「家族に送金しました」(かぞくにそうきんしました). The remittance fee is high「送金手数料が高い」(そうきんてすうりょうがたかい). This term is often used in business and personal finance contexts, and it implies a formal or official process of transferring money.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5611

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mailing

Reading

Kanji

郵Mail 送Send

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '郵送 (ゆうそう)' means 'mailing' or 'sending by post'. It refers to the act of sending letters, packages, or other items through the postal system. This term is commonly used in formal or business contexts. For example: I will send the documents by mail「書類を郵送します」(しょるいをゆうそうします). Please mail this package to the address「この荷物を住所に郵送してください」(このにもつをじゅうしょにゆうそうしてください). Note that '郵送' is often used in written or formal communication, while '送る (おくる)' is a more general verb for 'to send'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5612

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meeting

Reading

Kanji

待Wait 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '待ち合わせ (まちあわせ)' refers to a planned meeting or rendezvous at a specific time and place. It is commonly used when arranging to meet someone, such as friends, colleagues, or family. The word implies a mutual agreement to meet. For example: Let's meet at the station at 3 PM「駅で3時に待ち合わせしましょう」(えきでさんじにまちあわせしましょう). We had a meeting at the café「カフェで待ち合わせをしました」(かふぇでまちあわせをしました). The term is often used in casual and formal contexts alike, and it emphasizes the coordination of time and location for the meeting.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5623

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Durability

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '長持ち (ながもち)' refers to the concept of something lasting a long time or having durability. It is often used to describe objects, relationships, or conditions that endure over time. For example: This product has great durability「この製品は長持ちする」(このせいひんはながもちする). Their friendship has lasted a long time「彼らの友情は長持ちしている」(かれらのゆうじょうはながもちしている). The word can also imply reliability or resilience, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5632

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long life

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '長生き (ながいき)' means 'long life' or 'longevity'. It is used to describe the state of living a long life, often with the implication of good health and well-being. This term is commonly used in contexts wishing someone a long and healthy life, such as in greetings or blessings. For example: I hope you live a long life「長生きしてください」(ながいきしてください). My grandmother lived a long life「私の祖母は長生きしました」(わたしのそぼはながいきしました). It can also be used in expressions like '長生きの秘訣 (ながいきのひけつ)' which means 'the secret to a long life'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5644

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discount

Reading

Kanji

値Value, Price 引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '値引き (ねびき)' refers to a reduction in price or a discount. It is commonly used in shopping contexts, negotiations, or when discussing price adjustments. For example: Can you give me a discount?「値引きしてくれませんか？」(ねびきしてくれませんか？). The store offered a 10% discount「その店は10％の値引きをした」(そのみせは10パーセントのねびきをした). This term is often used in business or retail settings to indicate a price reduction, and it can be applied to goods, services, or even bills.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5681

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Experience

Reading

Kanji

体Body 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '体験 (たいけん)' means 'experience'. It refers to the act of experiencing something firsthand or gaining knowledge through direct involvement. This word is often used in contexts where someone tries or undergoes something new, such as activities, events, or situations. For example: I want to experience Japanese culture「日本の文化を体験したい」(にほんのぶんかをたいけんしたい). He experienced a lot during his trip「彼は旅行中にたくさんのことを体験した」(かれはりょこうちゅうにたくさんのことをたいけんした). The word can also be used in educational or professional settings to describe hands-on learning or practical training, such as '体験学習 (たいけんがくしゅう) (experiential learning)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5706

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Down

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ダウン (daun)' is derived from the English word 'down' and is used in various contexts. It often refers to a state of being down, such as a computer or system being down, or a person feeling physically or emotionally down. For example: The server is down「サーバーがダウンしている」(サーバーがダウンしている). He is feeling down today「彼は今日ダウンしている」(かれはきょうダウンしている). Additionally, it can be used in sports to indicate a player being down or knocked out, as in 'He was down in the first round'「彼は最初のラウンドでダウンした」(かれはさいしょのラウンドでダウンした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5735

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Training

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'トレーニング (toreeningu)' refers to 'training' or 'practice' in the context of physical exercise, skill development, or preparation for a specific task. It is often used in sports, fitness, or professional settings. For example: I do training every morning「毎朝トレーニングをします」(まいあさとれーにんぐをします). He is in training for the marathon「彼はマラソンのトレーニング中です」(かれはまらそんのとれーにんぐちゅうです). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

5740

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Burden

Reading

Kanji

負Defeat 担Bear, Carry

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '負担 (ふたん)' means 'burden'. It refers to something that is carried or borne, often implying a sense of difficulty or responsibility. This term is commonly used in contexts involving financial, emotional, or physical burdens. For example: The cost is a burden for the family「その費用は家族にとって負担だ」(そのひようはかぞくにとってふたんだ). She doesn't want to be a burden to anyone「彼女は誰の負担にもなりたくない」(かのじょはだれのふたんにもなりたくない). It's important to note that '負担' can also be used in compound words, such as '負担金 (ふたんきん)' meaning 'contribution fee'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5743

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Division

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 担Bear, Carry

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '分担 (ぶんたん)' refers to the act of dividing or sharing responsibilities, tasks, or duties among a group of people. It emphasizes collaboration and equitable distribution of work. For example: Let's divide the work「仕事を分担しましょう」(しごとをぶんたんしましょう). The team shared the tasks「チームは仕事を分担した」(チームはしごとをぶんたんした). This term is commonly used in professional, academic, or household settings to describe the fair allocation of responsibilities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5744

Composition

kanji

Handwriting