Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Shaky

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぐらぐら' describes something that is unsteady, shaky, or wobbly. It is often used to describe physical instability, such as a loose object or an unstable structure. It can also describe a feeling of dizziness or unsteadiness in a person. For example: The table is shaky「テーブルがぐらぐらしている」(てーぶるがぐらぐらしている). I feel dizzy「頭がぐらぐらする」(あたまがぐらぐらする). The word is onomatopoeic, mimicking the sound or sensation of wobbling or shaking.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1827

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thoroughly

Reading

Kanji

飽Sated, Satiated

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '飽くまで (あくまで)' means 'thoroughly' or 'to the very end'. It conveys a sense of persistence, determination, or doing something completely without compromise. This word is often used to emphasize that something is done to the fullest extent or that a stance is unwavering. For example: He thoroughly denied the accusations「彼は飽くまでその非難を否定した」(かれはあくまでそのひなんをひていした). I will thoroughly pursue this matter「私は飽くまでこの問題を追求します」(わたしはあくまでこのもんだいをついきゅうします). The nuance of '飽くまで' often implies a strong resolve or an unyielding attitude.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1870

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Completely

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すっかり' means 'completely' or 'entirely'. It is used to emphasize that something has been done thoroughly or that a state has fully changed. It often carries a nuance of finality or a sense of surprise at how completely something has occurred. For example: I completely forgot「すっかり忘れていた」(すっかりわすれていた). The town has completely changed「町はすっかり変わった」(まちはすっかりかわった). It can also be used to describe a state of being fully settled or accustomed, as in: I’ve completely gotten used to the new job「新しい仕事にすっかり慣れた」(あたらしいしごとにすっかりなれた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1872

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rapidly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どんどん' conveys the idea of something happening rapidly, steadily, or progressively. It is often used to describe actions or changes that occur in quick succession or without interruption. For example: The number of visitors increased rapidly「訪問者の数がどんどん増えた」(ほうもんしゃのかずがどんどんふえた). The construction work is progressing steadily「工事がどんどん進んでいる」(こうじがどんどんすすんでいる). This adverb can also imply a sense of momentum or continuous development, as in 'どんどん良くなる (どんどんよくなる) (getting better and better)'. It is a versatile word that can be applied to various contexts, from physical changes to abstract improvements.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1879

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nervously

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どきどき' represents the sound or feeling of a heart beating rapidly, often due to nervousness, excitement, or anticipation. It is an onomatopoeic word that vividly conveys the sensation of one's heart pounding. This word is commonly used in situations where someone is anxious, thrilled, or emotionally stirred. For example: I was nervous during the interview「面接中、どきどきした」(めんせつちゅう、どきどきした). My heart was pounding when I saw him「彼を見たとき、どきどきした」(かれをみたとき、どきどきした). It can also describe the excitement of a thrilling moment, such as watching a suspenseful movie or waiting for important news.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1899

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Again

Reading

Kanji

改Reform

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '改めて (あらためて)' means 'again' or 'anew'. It is used to indicate that something is being done or considered again, often with a fresh perspective or renewed attention. This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as when reconsidering a decision or revisiting a topic. For example: I will think about it again「改めて考えます」(あらためてかんがえます). Let's discuss this again「改めて話し合いましょう」(あらためてはなしあいましょう). It can also imply a sense of formality or seriousness, as in '改めてお礼を申し上げます (あらためておれいをもうしあげます) (I would like to express my gratitude again formally).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1902

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Still

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じっと' means 'still' or 'motionless'. It is used to describe a state of being completely still, often with focus or patience. It can also imply quietly observing or enduring something without moving or reacting. For example: he stood still「彼はじっと立っていた」(かれはじっとたっていた). She watched quietly「彼女はじっと見つめた」(かのじょはじっとみつめた). The word can also convey a sense of enduring or holding back, as in enduring pain without moving「彼は痛みをじっと我慢した」(かれはいたみをじっとがまんした).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1920

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extremely

Reading

Kanji

極Extreme, Pole

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '極く (ごく)' means 'extremely' or 'very'. It is used to emphasize the degree or intensity of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts and can modify adjectives or other adverbs. For example: This is extremely important「これは極く重要だ」(これはごくじゅうようだ). The problem is extremely simple「その問題は極く簡単だ」(そのもんだいはごくかんたんだ). Note that '極く' is less common in casual conversation and is typically replaced by words like 'とても' or 'すごく' in everyday speech.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1927

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aimlessly, Dizzy

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ふらふら (ふらふら)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'dizzy', which describes a physical state of unsteadiness or lightheadedness. For example: I feel dizzy「ふらふらする」(ふらふらする). The second meaning is 'aimlessly', which describes moving or acting without a clear purpose or direction. For example: He walked around aimlessly「彼はふらふら歩き回った」(かれはふらふらあるきまわった). The word can also imply a lack of focus or indecisiveness, such as in: She was wandering aimlessly through the store「彼女は店の中をふらふら歩いていた」(かのじょはみせのなかをふらふらあるいていた). The nuance of 'ふらふら' often conveys a sense of instability or lack of control, whether physical or mental.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1934

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Merely

Reading

Kanji

単Simple, Single

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '単に (たんに)' means 'merely' or 'simply'. It is used to indicate that something is done or exists in a straightforward, uncomplicated manner, without any additional factors or complexities. It often emphasizes the simplicity or minimal nature of an action or state. For example: He is merely a student「彼は単に学生です」(かれはたんにがくせいです). This is simply a misunderstanding「これは単に誤解です」(これはたんにごかいです). The word can also be used to downplay the significance of something, as in '単に興味があるだけ (たんにきょうみがあるだけ) (I am merely interested).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1970

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenly

Reading

Kanji

行Go 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '行成 (いきなり)' means 'suddenly' or 'all of a sudden'. It is used to describe an action or event that occurs without warning or preparation. This word is often used in casual conversation and can carry a nuance of surprise or abruptness. For example: He suddenly started running「彼はいきなり走り出した」(かれはいきなりはしりだした). She suddenly cried「彼女はいきなり泣き出した」(かのじょはいきなりなきだした). Note that 'いきなり' is typically used in situations where the action is unexpected or immediate, and it is not used to describe gradual changes.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1983

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Glaring

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎらぎら (giragira)' describes something shining or glaring intensely, often in a harsh or unpleasant way. It is commonly used to describe bright light, such as sunlight or artificial light, that is overwhelming or uncomfortable. For example: The sun is glaring「太陽がぎらぎらと輝いている」(たいようがぎらぎらとかがやいている). The neon lights are glaring「ネオンがぎらぎら光っている」(ネオンがぎらぎらひかっている). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's intense or piercing gaze, as in 'His eyes were glaring「彼の目がぎらぎらしていた」(かれのめがぎらぎらしていた).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1990

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absolutely

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '絶対に (ぜったいに)' means 'absolutely' or 'definitely'. It is used to emphasize the certainty or inevitability of something, often in a strong or emphatic way. This adverb can be used in both positive and negative contexts, such as expressing a firm decision, a strong prohibition, or an unchangeable fact. For example: I will absolutely not go「絶対に行かない」(ぜったいにいかない). This is absolutely delicious「これは絶対においしい」(これはぜったいにおいしい). It is important to note that '絶対に' is often used to convey a sense of finality or unbreakable determination.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2033

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'やや' means 'slightly' or 'somewhat'. It is used to indicate a small degree or extent of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe a minor change, difference, or degree. For example: The temperature is slightly higher today「今日はやや気温が高い」(きょうはややきおんがたかい). The results were somewhat disappointing「結果はやや残念だった」(けっかはややざんねんだった). Note that 'やや' is less casual than other similar adverbs like 'ちょっと' and is more commonly used in descriptive or analytical contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2037

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あんなに (あんなに)' is used to emphasize the degree or extent of something, often in a way that expresses surprise, admiration, or criticism. It is typically used to describe something that is far beyond what is expected or normal. For example: I didn't know it was that expensive「あんなに高いとは知らなかった」(あんなにたかいとはしらなかった). She was that kind「あんなに親切だった」(あんなにしんせつだった). It is often used in conjunction with adjectives or verbs to convey a strong impression or feeling about the degree of something.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2078

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

So to speak

Reading

Kanji

言Say

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '言わば (いわば)' is used to introduce a metaphor, analogy, or figurative expression to describe something. It can be translated as 'so to speak', 'as it were', or 'in a manner of speaking'. This word is often used to make abstract or complex ideas more relatable by comparing them to something familiar. For example: He is, so to speak, the brain of the team「彼は言わばチームの頭脳だ」(かれはいわばチームのずのうだ). This place is, as it were, a paradise on earth「この場所は言わば地上の楽園だ」(このばしょはいわばちじょうのらくえんだ). Note that '言わば' is typically used in written or formal contexts rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2079

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unintentionally

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'つい' is used to describe an action that is done unintentionally, accidentally, or without thinking. It often implies that the action was a slip of the mind or a momentary lapse in judgment. For example: I unintentionally ate too much「つい食べ過ぎてしまった」(ついたべすぎてしまった). He accidentally told the secret「つい秘密を話してしまった」(ついひみつをはなしてしまった). The word can also carry a nuance of regret or surprise, depending on the context. It is commonly used in casual conversations and is often paired with verbs in the past tense.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2080

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hard, Earnestly

Reading

Kanji

一One 生Life 懸Suspend 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一生懸命 (いっしょうけんめい)' means 'hard' or 'earnestly'. It is used to describe doing something with great effort, determination, or seriousness. This word often conveys a sense of giving one's all or putting in maximum effort. For example: I studied hard for the exam「試験のために一生懸命勉強した」(しけんのためにいっしょうけんめいべんきょうした). She worked earnestly to achieve her dream「彼女は夢を叶えるために一生懸命働いた」(かのじょはゆめをかなえるためにいっしょうけんめいはたらいた). The word can also be used to describe physical effort, such as running hard「一生懸命走った」(いっしょうけんめいはしった). Note that while 'hard' is a common translation, the nuance of '一生懸命' often includes a sense of sincerity and dedication.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2082

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Increasingly

Reading

Kanji

益Profit, Benefit

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '益々 (ますます)' means 'increasingly' or 'more and more'. It is used to indicate that something is growing or intensifying over time. This word is often used in formal or written contexts, such as business communications, speeches, or literature. For example: The company is increasingly successful「その会社は益々成功しています」(そのかいしゃはますますせいこうしています). The weather is getting colder and colder「天気は益々寒くなっています」(てんきはますますさむくなっています). Note that '益々' is typically used in positive contexts to describe growth or improvement, but it can also be used neutrally to describe any kind of increase.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firstly

Reading

Kanji

取Take 敢Daring

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '取り敢えず (とりあえず)' is commonly used to indicate that something is being done as a first step or temporarily, often implying that further action or consideration will follow. It can be translated as 'for now,' 'firstly,' or 'to start with.' This word is often used in casual conversations to suggest that the speaker is taking an initial action without fully committing to a final decision. For example: Let's order a beer for now「取り敢えずビールを注文しよう」(とりあえずビールをちゅうもんしよう). I'll send the email for now「取り敢えずメールを送ります」(とりあえずメールをおくります). The nuance here is that the action is provisional, and more steps may follow.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2119

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One after another

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次々 (つぎつぎ)' means 'one after another' or 'in succession'. It is used to describe events, actions, or things happening continuously or in rapid sequence. This word emphasizes the flow or progression of events without interruption. For example: new products are released one after another「新製品が次々と発表される」(しんせいひんがつぎつぎとはっぴょうされる). People entered the room one after another「人々が次々と部屋に入った」(ひとびとがつぎつぎとへやにはいった). The adverb often pairs with particles like 'と' to emphasize the continuous nature of the action.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2131

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Already, No longer

Reading

Kanji

最Most 早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '最早 (もはや)' is used to express that a situation has already reached a certain point or that something is no longer the case. It often carries a nuance of finality or inevitability. For example: It's already too late「最早手遅れだ」(もはやておくれだ). He is no longer the person he used to be「最早彼は昔の彼ではない」(もはやかれはむかしのかれではない). This word is commonly used in formal or literary contexts and can convey a sense of resignation or conclusion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2140

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'こんなに (こんなに)' is used to indicate the degree or extent of something, often with a sense of surprise or emphasis. It translates to 'this' in English, but specifically in contexts where the degree or extent is being highlighted. For example: I didn't know it was this big「こんなに大きいとは知らなかった」(こんなにおおきいとはしらなかった). It can also be used to express emotions or states, such as: I didn't think it would be this difficult「こんなに難しいとは思わなかった」(こんなにむずかしいとはおもわなかった). The adverb is often used in conversational Japanese to emphasize the speaker's feelings or reactions to a situation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2141

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pouring

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ざあざあ' is an onomatopoeic word used to describe the sound or manner of something pouring heavily, such as rain or water. It conveys a sense of continuous, heavy flow. For example: The rain is pouring down「雨がざあざあ降っている」(あめがざあざあふっている). Water is pouring out of the faucet「蛇口から水がざあざあ出ている」(じゃぐちからみずがざあざあでている). This word is often used in casual contexts to vividly describe the intensity of the pouring action.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2147

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anyway

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ともかく (ともかく)' is used to indicate that something should be done or considered regardless of other factors. It often implies setting aside other considerations or details to focus on the main point. For example: Anyway, let's eat first「ともかく、まず食べよう」(ともかく、まずたべよう). Regardless of the details, we should proceed「詳細はともかく、進めるべきだ」(しょうさいはともかく、すすめるべきだ). This adverb is commonly used in conversational Japanese to shift focus or to suggest moving forward without getting bogged down by minor issues.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2160

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evenly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'とんとん (tonton)' is used to describe something progressing or being done in a balanced, even, or smooth manner. It often implies a sense of fairness or equality, such as when dividing something equally or when things are going smoothly without issues. For example: The work is progressing evenly「仕事がとんとん進んでいる」(しごとがとんとんすすんでいる). They divided the money evenly「彼らはお金をとんとんに分けた」(かれらはおかねをとんとんにわけた). This adverb can also be used to describe the sound of light tapping or knocking, such as 'とんとんとドアを叩く (とんとんとドアをたたく)' (knocking on the door lightly).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2188

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Often

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'しばしば' means 'often'. It is used to indicate that something happens frequently or repeatedly. This word is more formal and literary compared to the more casual 'よく'. It is commonly used in written language, formal speech, or when describing habitual actions. For example: He often visits this park「彼はしばしばこの公園を訪れる」(かれはしばしばこのこうえんをおとずれる). I often think about the past「私はしばしば過去を思い出す」(わたしはしばしばかこをおもいだす). Note that 'しばしば' is not typically used in casual conversation, where 'よく' is preferred.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2207

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More

Reading

Kanji

一One 層Layer

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一層 (いっそう)' means 'more' or 'even more'. It is used to indicate an increase in degree or intensity of something. This word is often used in comparisons or to emphasize a change. For example: It became even more interesting「一層面白くなった」(いっそうおもしろくなった). I will try even harder「一層頑張ります」(いっそうがんばります). The word can also be used in formal contexts to express a heightened state or condition. Note that '一層' is often used with adjectives or verbs to amplify their meaning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2232

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Again, Also

Reading

Kanji

又Again

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '又 (また)' has two primary meanings: 'again' and 'also'. When used to mean 'again', it indicates repetition or recurrence of an action or event. For example: I will visit Japan again「また日本を訪れます」(またにほんをおとずれます). When used to mean 'also', it adds information or indicates an additional item or action. For example: He is also a teacher「彼はまた先生です」(かれはまたせんせいです). The nuance of 'また' can vary depending on context, but it generally conveys a sense of addition or repetition. It is commonly used in both casual and formal settings.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2233

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ようこそ (ようこそ)' is used to express a warm welcome or greeting to someone. It is often used when welcoming guests, visitors, or newcomers to a place, event, or group. This word carries a sense of hospitality and friendliness. For example: Welcome to Japan!「ようこそ日本へ！」(ようこそにほんへ！). Welcome to our home「ようこそ私たちの家へ」(ようこそわたしたちのいえへ). Note that 'ようこそ' is typically used at the beginning of a sentence or phrase to greet someone, and it is often followed by a destination or context to which the person is being welcomed.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2241

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That, So

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'そんなに (sonnani)' is used to indicate degree or extent, often translating to 'that' or 'so' in English. It is commonly used in negative sentences or questions to express surprise, doubt, or emphasis. For example: Is it really that expensive?「そんなに高いの？」(そんなにたかいの？). I didn't know it was so difficult「そんなに難しいとは知らなかった」(そんなにむずかしいとはしらなかった). The nuance of 'そんなに' often conveys a sense of unexpectedness or exaggeration, making it a versatile word in conversational Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2253

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ふと' (futo) is used to describe something that happens suddenly, unexpectedly, or without prior thought. It often conveys a sense of spontaneity or a fleeting moment. This word is commonly used in contexts where a thought, memory, or action occurs abruptly. For example: I suddenly remembered「ふと思い出した」(ふとおもいだした). He suddenly turned around「ふと振り返った」(ふとふりかえった). The nuance of 'ふと' often implies that the action or thought was not premeditated but rather occurred in a moment of chance or instinct.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2255

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Once

Reading

Kanji

一One 旦Dawn

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一旦 (いったん)' means 'once' or 'for the time being'. It is used to indicate a temporary pause, interruption, or a point in time when something is done or considered before proceeding further. It often implies that after this action or state, there will be a change or continuation. For example: Let's stop here once「一旦ここで止めましょう」(いったんここでとめましょう). Once I finish this, I'll take a break「一旦これを終えたら休憩します」(いったんこれをおえたらきゅうけいします). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to suggest a temporary halt or reconsideration.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2285

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temporarily, Once

Reading

Kanji

一One 時Time, Hour

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一時 (いちじ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'once', referring to a specific point in time in the past. For example: I lived there once「私は一時そこに住んでいた」(わたしはいちじそこにすんでいた). The second meaning is 'temporarily', indicating a short period or a temporary state. For example: The store is temporarily closed「その店は一時閉店中です」(そのみせはいちじへいてんちゅうです). The word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe past events or temporary situations.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2306

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Before

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '先に (さきに)' means 'before' or 'ahead'. It is used to indicate that something happens or should happen prior to another event or action. It can also imply going ahead or proceeding first in a sequence. For example: I will eat before you「先に食べます」(さきにたべます). Please go ahead and start「先に始めてください」(さきにはじめてください). This adverb is often used in contexts where timing or order of actions is important, and it can be used both in formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2312

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Usually

Reading

Kanji

大Big 抵Resist, Match

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大抵 (たいてい)' means 'usually' or 'generally'. It is used to indicate that something happens most of the time or is typical in a given situation. This word is often used to describe habitual actions or general tendencies. For example: I usually go to bed early「大抵早く寝ます」(たいていはやくねます). He usually takes the train to work「彼は大抵電車で仕事に行きます」(かれはたいていでんしゃでしごとにいきます). Note that '大抵' can also imply a sense of 'most likely' or 'in most cases', but the primary meaning is 'usually'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2314

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon, Any moment

Reading

Kanji

今Now

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '今にも (いまにも)' is used to indicate that something is about to happen very soon or at any moment. It often carries a sense of urgency or immediacy. This word is commonly used in situations where an event is on the verge of occurring, such as rain about to fall or someone about to cry. For example: It looks like it's going to rain soon「今にも雨が降りそうだ」(いまにもあめがふりそうだ). She looks like she's about to cry any moment「彼女は今にも泣き出しそうだ」(かのじょはいまにもなきだしそうだ). The adverb is often paired with verbs or expressions that suggest something is imminent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2318

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon, Eventually

Reading

Kanji

今Now

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '今に (いまに)' can mean 'soon' or 'eventually', depending on the context. It is often used to express that something will happen in the near future or at some point in time, often with a sense of inevitability or anticipation. For example: He will succeed soon「彼は今に成功する」(かれはいまにせいこうする). Eventually, everyone will understand「今にみんながわかる」(いまにみんながわかる). The nuance of '今に' can imply a sense of waiting or expectation, and it is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2321

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At least

Reading

Kanji

少Few

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '少なくとも (すくなくとも)' means 'at least'. It is used to indicate the minimum amount, degree, or quantity required or expected. This word is often used to emphasize that something is the bare minimum or to set a lower limit. For example: At least three people are needed「少なくとも三人必要です」(すくなくともさんにんひつようです). I want to sleep at least six hours「少なくとも六時間は寝たい」(すくなくともろくじかんはねたい). It can also be used to express reassurance or a baseline expectation, as in 'At least it didn't rain today'「少なくとも今日は雨が降らなかった」(すくなくともきょうはあめがふらなかった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2337

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Really

Reading

Kanji

一One 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一体 (いったい)' is used to express strong emphasis, doubt, or curiosity, often translated as 'really', 'on earth', or 'in the world'. It is commonly used in questions to convey a sense of wonder or disbelief. For example: What on earth is this?「一体これは何ですか？」(いったいこれはなんですか？). Where in the world did you go?「一体どこに行ったの？」(いったいどこにいったの？). It can also be used in exclamations to emphasize a statement, such as: I really don't understand!「一体わからない！」(いったいわからない！). The nuance of '一体' often implies that the speaker is seeking clarity or expressing frustration.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2356

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally

Reading

Kanji

元Origin 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '元来 (がんらい)' means 'originally' or 'by nature'. It is used to describe something that is inherently or fundamentally a certain way, often emphasizing the original state or nature of something. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts. For example: He was originally a kind person「彼は元来優しい人だった」(かれはがんらいやさしいひとだった). This plant is originally from Japan「この植物は元来日本原産です」(このしょくぶつはがんらいにほんげんさんです). The word can also imply a contrast between the original state and the current state, as in '元来彼は静かな人だが、最近は騒がしい (がんらいかれはしずかなひとだが、さいきんはさわがしい)' (Originally, he was a quiet person, but lately he has been noisy).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2396

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Kanji

一One 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一向に (いっこうに)' is used to emphasize that something is not happening or not being done at all, often in a negative context. It conveys a sense of frustration or surprise that there is no progress or change. For example: He is not improving at all「彼は一向に良くならない」(かれはいっこうによくならない). The work is not progressing at all「仕事が一向に進まない」(しごとがいっこうにすすまない). This adverb is typically used with negative verbs to stress the complete absence of an expected outcome.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2425

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indeed

Reading

Kanji

成Become 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '成る程 (なるほど)' is used to express understanding, agreement, or realization. It is often translated as 'indeed', 'I see', or 'that makes sense'. This word is commonly used in conversations to acknowledge that you have understood or agree with what someone has said. For example: Indeed, that's a good point「成る程、それは良い点だ」(なるほど、それはよいてんだ). I see, so that's how it works「成る程、そういうことか」(なるほど、そういうことか). It is a polite and thoughtful way to show that you are following the conversation and appreciate the information being shared.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2426

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Please, Go ahead

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうぞ (どうぞ)' is a versatile word used in various contexts. Its primary meaning is 'please,' often used when offering something to someone, such as a seat or an item. For example: Please take a seat「どうぞお座りください」(どうぞおすわりください). It can also mean 'go ahead,' encouraging someone to proceed with an action. For example: Go ahead and eat「どうぞ召し上がってください」(どうぞめしあがってください). The word carries a polite and respectful tone, making it suitable for formal and informal situations. It is often used in combination with other polite expressions to enhance courtesy.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2444

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Also

Reading

Kanji

同Same

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '同じく (おなじく)' means 'also' or 'likewise'. It is used to indicate that something is the same as what has just been mentioned, or to agree with a previous statement. This word is often used in formal or written contexts, and can be used to express agreement or similarity. For example: I also think so「私も同じくそう思います」(わたしもおなじくそうおもいます). He is also a student「彼も同じく学生です」(かれもおなじくがくせいです). Note that '同じく' can sometimes be used to mean 'similarly' or 'in the same way', but the core meaning remains 'also'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2467

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いよいよ (いよいよ)' is used to indicate that something is about to happen or has reached a critical point. It often conveys a sense of anticipation, inevitability, or culmination. For example: The festival is finally starting「いよいよ祭りが始まる」(いよいよまつりがはじまる). It can also imply that something is becoming more intense or serious, as in: The situation is getting worse「いよいよ状況が悪化している」(いよいよじょうきょうがあっかしている). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to emphasize the progression or climax of an event or situation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2517

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At once

Reading

Kanji

一One 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一度に (いちどに)' means 'at once' or 'all at once'. It is used to describe doing something all together or simultaneously, rather than in stages or one by one. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as completing tasks, consuming items, or experiencing events. For example: I read all the books at once「一度に全部の本を読んだ」(いちどにぜんぶのほんをよんだ). He ate all the cookies at once「彼は一度に全部のクッキーを食べた」(かれはいちどにぜんぶのクッキーをたべた). The adverb emphasizes the idea of doing everything in a single action or moment.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2525

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '全て (すべて)' means 'all' or 'everything'. It is used to refer to the entirety of something, whether it be objects, people, or abstract concepts. This word is often used in formal contexts or when emphasizing completeness. For example: I ate all the cake「全てのケーキを食べた」(すべてのケーキをたべた). Everything is ready「全てが準備できた」(すべてがじゅんびできた). It can also be used to express totality in a philosophical or abstract sense, such as 'all of life'「全ての人生」(すべてのじんせい). Note that '全て' is often followed by particles like 'の' or 'が' to connect it to other parts of the sentence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2531

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

More

Reading

Kanji

一One 段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一段と (いちだんと)' means 'more' or 'even more'. It is used to indicate that something has increased in degree, intensity, or quality compared to before. This adverb is often used to emphasize a noticeable change or improvement. For example: The weather became even colder「一段と寒くなった」(いちだんとさむくなった). Her skills have improved even more「彼女のスキルは一段と向上した」(かのじょのスキルはいちだんとこうじょうした). It is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to highlight a significant change.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2620

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occasionally

Reading

Kanji

偶Couple, By chance

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '偶に (たまに)' means 'occasionally' or 'once in a while'. It is used to describe actions or events that happen infrequently or at irregular intervals. This adverb is often used in casual conversation to express something that doesn't happen often. For example: I occasionally go to the park「偶に公園に行きます」(たまにこうえんにいきます). She occasionally eats sushi「彼女は偶に寿司を食べます」(かのじょはたまにすしをたべます). The nuance of '偶に' implies rarity or infrequency, making it distinct from words like '時々 (ときどき)', which means 'sometimes' and suggests a more regular occurrence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2635

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gradually

Reading

Kanji

段Step, Stairs

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '段々 (だんだん)' means 'gradually' or 'little by little'. It is used to describe a process or change that happens slowly over time. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to indicate a progressive change. For example: The weather is gradually getting colder「天気が段々寒くなってきた」(てんきがだんだんさむくなってきた). I am gradually understanding Japanese「日本語が段々わかってきた」(にほんごがだんだんわかってきた). Note that '段々' often pairs with verbs to describe the progression of an action or state.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2656

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unintentionally

Reading

Kanji

思Think

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '思わず (おもわず)' means 'unintentionally' or 'without thinking'. It is used to describe actions or reactions that occur spontaneously, often as a result of surprise, emotion, or instinct. This word is commonly used in situations where someone does something without prior planning or conscious thought. For example: I unintentionally laughed「思わず笑ってしまった」(おもわずわらってしまった). He unintentionally shouted「彼は思わず叫んだ」(かれはおもわずさけんだ). The nuance of '思わず' often conveys a sense of natural or reflexive response to a situation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2673

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contrarily

Reading

Kanji

却Instead, Eliminate

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '却って (かえって)' means 'contrarily' or 'on the contrary'. It is used to indicate that the result of an action or situation is the opposite of what was expected. This word often carries a nuance of surprise or irony. For example: I thought it would help, but it made things worse「助かると思ったが、却って悪くなった」(たすかるおもったが、かえってわるくなった). The medicine didn't make me feel better; on the contrary, it made me feel worse「薬を飲んだが、却って気分が悪くなった」(くすりをのんだが、かえってきぶんがわるくなった). This adverb is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to express unexpected outcomes.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2684

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unconsciously

Reading

Kanji

知Know

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '知らず知らず (しらずしらず)' means 'unconsciously' or 'without realizing it'. It is used to describe actions or states that occur without the person being aware of them. This adverb often conveys a sense of gradual change or development that happens over time without conscious effort. For example: I unconsciously fell in love「知らず知らずのうちに恋に落ちた」(しらずしらずのうちにこいにおちた). Without realizing it, I started to like Japanese food「知らず知らず日本食が好きになった」(しらずしらずにほんしょくがすきになった). The phrase '知らず知らずのうちに (しらずしらずのうちに)' is commonly used to emphasize the gradual and unnoticed nature of the action or change.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2690

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unbelievable

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'まさか' expresses disbelief, shock, or surprise, often used when something unexpected or contrary to one's expectations occurs. It can also imply that the speaker finds the situation hard to believe or considers it impossible. Example sentences: No way, did that really happen?「まさか、本当に起こったの？」(まさか、ほんとうにおこったの？). I can't believe he would do such a thing「まさか彼がそんなことをするとは」(まさかかれがそんなことをするとは). Note that 'まさか' is often used in rhetorical questions or exclamations to emphasize the speaker's astonishment.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2691

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indeed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いかにも (ikanimo)' is used to emphasize that something is exactly as it appears or is described. It often conveys a sense of agreement or confirmation, and can be translated as 'indeed', 'truly', or 'just as one would expect'. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: That is indeed a problem「いかにも問題だ」(いかにももんだいだ). He looks just like a teacher「いかにも先生らしい」(いかにもせんせいらしい). Note that 'いかにも' can also carry a nuance of sarcasm or irony in some contexts, depending on tone and situation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2728

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forever

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつまでも (itsumademo)' means 'forever' or 'indefinitely'. It is used to express something that continues without end or for an unlimited amount of time. This word often carries a sense of persistence or enduring continuity. For example: I will love you forever「いつまでもあなたを愛します」(いつまでもあなたをあいします). This memory will last forever「この思い出はいつまでも続く」(このおもいではいつまでもつづく). It can also be used in contexts where something remains unchanged over time, such as: This tradition will continue forever「この伝統はいつまでも続く」(このでんとうはいつまでもつづく).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2751

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effort

Reading

Kanji

折Bend, Fold 角Corner, Angle

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '折角 (せっかく)' conveys the idea of something being done with considerable effort, trouble, or difficulty, and often implies that it would be a waste or a shame not to make use of or appreciate the result of that effort. It is commonly used to express the value of taking advantage of an opportunity or to indicate that something was done with a lot of effort, so it should not be wasted. For example: I went to the trouble of making this cake, so please eat it「せっかく作ったケーキだから、食べてください」(せっかくつくったケーキだから、たべてください). Since you've come all this way, you should stay a while「せっかく来たんだから、しばらくいてください」(せっかくきたんだから、しばらくいてください). The nuance of '折角' often carries a sense of regret or disappointment if the effort or opportunity is not utilized.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2781

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Innately

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '生まれつき (うまれつき)' means 'innately' or 'by nature'. It is used to describe characteristics, abilities, or traits that a person or thing possesses from birth or inherently. This word emphasizes that the quality is not acquired but is instead a natural part of someone or something. For example: She is innately talented「彼女は生まれつき才能がある」(かのじょはうまれつきさいのうがある). He is innately kind「彼は生まれつき優しい」(かれはうまれつきやさしい). The word can also be used to describe physical traits, such as '生まれつきの髪の色 (うまれつきのかみのいろ)' (natural hair color). It is often used in contexts discussing personality, abilities, or physical attributes.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2787

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vividly

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '生き生きと (いきいきと)' means 'vividly' or 'lively'. It is used to describe actions or states that are full of life, energy, or vitality. This adverb often conveys a sense of freshness, dynamism, or enthusiasm. For example: She spoke vividly about her trip「彼女は旅行について生き生きと話した」(かのじょはりょこうについていきいきとはなした). The flowers bloomed vividly in the garden「庭の花が生き生きと咲いていた」(にわのはないきいきとさいていた). This word is commonly used in contexts where something or someone appears to be full of life or energy, making it a versatile and expressive term in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2791

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Specially

Reading

Kanji

態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '態々 (わざわざ)' means 'specially' or 'going out of one's way'. It is used to describe actions that are done intentionally, often with extra effort or inconvenience, to achieve a specific purpose. This word carries a nuance of doing something that might not be strictly necessary, but is done out of consideration or for a particular reason. For example: He came all the way here specially to see me「彼は私に会うためにわざわざここまで来た」(かれはわたしにあうためにわざわざここまできた). I made this cake specially for you「このケーキはあなたのためにわざわざ作りました」(このケーキはあなたのためにわざわざつくりました). Note that '態々' often implies a sense of gratitude or acknowledgment of the effort involved.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Of course, Naturally

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '無論 (むろん)' means 'naturally' or 'of course'. It is used to express something that is obvious or goes without saying. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize that something is self-evident or unquestionable. For example: Naturally, he agreed「無論、彼は同意した」(むろん、かれはどういした). Of course, I will help you「無論、手伝いますよ」(むろん、てつだいますよ). Note that '無論' is more formal than casual alternatives like 'もちろん'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not always

Reading

Kanji

必Inevitable, Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '必ずしも (かならずしも)' is used to express that something is not necessarily or always the case. It is often used in negative sentences to indicate that a general statement does not apply universally. For example: rich people are not always happy「お金持ちは必ずしも幸せではない」(おかねもちはかならずしもしあわせではない). Success does not always mean happiness「成功は必ずしも幸せを意味しない」(せいこうはかならずしもしあわせをいみしない). This adverb is commonly paired with negative forms like 'ない' or 'とは限らない (とはかぎらない)' to emphasize that a situation is not absolute.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2912

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Greatly

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大いに (おおいに)' means 'greatly' or 'very much'. It is used to emphasize the degree or extent of something, often in a positive or enthusiastic way. This adverb is commonly used in formal or written contexts, but can also appear in spoken language. For example: I greatly enjoyed the party「パーティーを大いに楽しんだ」(ぱーてぃーをおおいにたのしんだ). We should greatly value this opportunity「この機会を大いに大切にすべきだ」(このきかいをおおいにたいせつにすべきだ). Note that '大いに' can also imply a sense of abundance or fullness, as in '大いに笑う (おおいにわらう)' (to laugh heartily).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2938

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Kanji

一One 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一切 (いっさい)' is used to express a complete negation or absence of something, often translated as 'not at all' or 'entirely not'. It is commonly used in negative sentences to emphasize the total lack of something. For example: I don't eat meat at all「私は肉を一切食べない」(わたしはにくをいっさいたべない). He doesn't drink alcohol at all「彼はお酒を一切飲まない」(かれはおさけをいっさいのまない). This word is often paired with negative verbs to reinforce the idea of complete exclusion or refusal. It can also be used in formal or written contexts to convey a strong sense of negation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2992

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boldly

Reading

Kanji

思Think 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '思い切って (おもいきって)' means 'boldly' or 'resolutely'. It is used to describe taking action with determination or making a decisive move, often implying overcoming hesitation or fear. This word is commonly used when someone decides to do something they might have been hesitant about. For example: I boldly quit my job「思い切って仕事を辞めた」(おもいきってしごとをやめた). She boldly confessed her feelings「思い切って気持ちを打ち明けた」(おもいきってきもちをうちあけた). The nuance of this word often involves a sense of courage or taking a leap of faith.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2994

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fully

Reading

Kanji

思Think 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '思い切り (おもいきり)' means 'fully' or 'to one's heart's content'. It is used to describe doing something with all one's might, without holding back, or to the fullest extent possible. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as physical activities, emotional expressions, or even in abstract situations. For example: She laughed heartily「彼女は思い切り笑った」(かのじょはおもいきりわらった). He swung the bat with all his might「彼は思い切りバットを振った」(かれはおもいきりバットをふった). It's important to note that '思い切り' often conveys a sense of release or freedom when performing an action.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3000

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Considerably, Very

Reading

Kanji

余Excess 程Order, Extent

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '余程 (よほど)' is used to express a high degree or extent of something, often implying that the situation is unusual or noteworthy. It can be translated as 'very' or 'considerably' and is often used in contexts where the speaker is emphasizing how much something stands out or differs from the norm. For example: He must be very tired「彼は余程疲れているのだろう」(かれはよほどつかれているのだろう). It must have been considerably cold「余程寒かったのだろう」(よほどさむかったのだろう). The word can also carry a nuance of surprise or emphasis, suggesting that the degree of something is beyond what is typical or expected.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3003

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alternately

Reading

Kanji

代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '代わる代わる (かわるがわる)' means 'alternately' or 'taking turns'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur in succession, with one person or thing replacing another in a sequence. This adverb is often used when multiple people or things are involved in an activity, and they take turns performing the action. For example: we took turns reading the book「私たちは代わる代わる本を読みました」(わたしたちはかわるがわるほんをよみました). The children played on the swing alternately「子供たちは代わる代わるブランコに乗りました」(こどもたちはかわるがわるブランコにのりました). It's important to note that this adverb emphasizes the idea of taking turns or alternating in a systematic manner.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3007

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moreover, Further

Reading

Kanji

更Renew, Grow late

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '更に (さらに)' has two primary meanings. First, it can mean 'further' or 'in addition,' indicating an increase in degree, quantity, or intensity. For example: He studied further to improve his skills「彼はさらに勉強してスキルを向上させた」(かれはさらにべんきょうしてスキルをこうじょうさせた). Second, it can mean 'moreover' or 'furthermore,' used to introduce additional information or emphasize a point. For example: Moreover, the weather was terrible「さらに、天気はひどかった」(さらに、てんきはひどかった). This adverb is versatile and often used in both formal and informal contexts to add emphasis or provide additional details.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3028

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Always

Reading

Kanji

始Begin 終End

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '始終 (しじゅう)' means 'always' or 'continuously'. It is used to describe something that happens all the time or without interruption. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing habits, ongoing situations, or constant states. For example: He is always busy「彼は始終忙しい」(かれはしじゅういそがしい). She is always smiling「彼女は始終笑っている」(かのじょはしじゅうわらっている). It's important to note that '始終' can sometimes imply a sense of persistence or unceasing nature, adding a nuance of something being ongoing or perpetual.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3095

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secretly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'こっそり (kossori)' means 'secretly' or 'stealthily'. It is used to describe actions done in a quiet, hidden, or unobtrusive manner, often to avoid being noticed. This word carries a nuance of doing something without drawing attention, and it is commonly used in everyday conversations. For example: He secretly ate the cake「彼はこっそりケーキを食べた」(かれはこっそりケーキをたべた). She quietly left the room「彼女はこっそり部屋を出た」(かのじょはこっそりへやをでた). The word is often used in contexts where someone is trying to avoid being seen or heard, such as sneaking around or hiding something.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3105

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truly

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '実に (じつに)' means 'truly' or 'indeed'. It is used to emphasize the truth or reality of a statement, often expressing admiration, surprise, or strong affirmation. It can be used in both positive and negative contexts. For example: This is truly delicious「これは実においしい」(これはじつにおいしい). He is indeed a great artist「彼は実に素晴らしい芸術家だ」(かれはじつにすばらしいげいじゅつかだ). The adverb is often placed before adjectives or verbs to add emphasis.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3123

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

By chance

Reading

Kanji

偶Couple, By chance

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '偶々 (たまたま)' means 'by chance' or 'accidentally.' It is used to describe something that happens unexpectedly or without intention. This adverb is often applied to situations where coincidences or unplanned events occur. For example: We met by chance at the station 「偶々駅で会った」 (たまたまえきであった). I found this book by chance 「偶々この本を見つけた」 (たまたまこのほんをみつけた). Note that '偶々' carries a sense of serendipity or unexpectedness, often implying that the event was not planned but was a fortunate coincidence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Instantly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'たちまち (tachimachi)' means 'instantly' or 'in no time'. It is used to describe something that happens very quickly or suddenly, often implying a sense of immediacy or rapid change. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to emphasize the speed of an event or action. For example: The tickets sold out instantly「チケットはたちまち売り切れた」(チケットはたちまちうりきれた). The sky cleared up instantly「空はたちまち晴れた」(そらはたちまちはれた). It can also be used to describe a sudden change in a situation, such as: The mood changed instantly「雰囲気はたちまち変わった」(ふんいきはたちまちかわった). Note that 'たちまち' often carries a nuance of something happening unexpectedly or beyond one's control.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3158

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

A kind

Reading

Kanji

一One 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一種 (いっしゅ)' means 'a kind' or 'a sort'. It is used to describe something as being of a particular type or category, often implying uniqueness or a special quality. For example: This is a kind of magic「これは一種の魔法だ」(これはいっしゅのまほうだ). He has a kind of charm「彼には一種の魅力がある」(かれにはいっしゅのみりょくがある). The word can also be used to express that something is somewhat or partially of a certain nature, as in 'a kind of happiness'「一種の幸せ」(いっしゅのしあわせ).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3170

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diligently

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'せっせと (sesseto)' means 'diligently' or 'industriously'. It is used to describe someone working hard, persistently, and with great effort, often without taking breaks. This word carries a nuance of continuous and earnest effort, and it is commonly used in contexts involving work, chores, or tasks. For example: She diligently cleaned the house「彼女はせっせと家を掃除した」(かのじょはせっせといえをそうじした). He diligently saved money for his trip「彼はせっせと旅行のためにお金を貯めた」(かれはせっせとりょこうのためにおかねをためた). The word often implies a sense of purpose and focus in the activity being described.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3176

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gently

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'そっと (sotto)' means 'gently' or 'quietly'. It is used to describe actions performed in a soft, careful, or unobtrusive manner. This word often conveys a sense of delicacy or consideration, such as when handling fragile objects or interacting with someone who is upset. For example: She gently closed the door「彼女はそっとドアを閉めた」(かのじょはそっとドアをしめた). He quietly placed the flowers on the table「彼はそっと花をテーブルに置いた」(かれはそっとはなをテーブルにおいた). The adverb can also imply secrecy or discretion, as in 'She whispered gently in his ear'「彼女はそっと彼の耳に囁いた」(かのじょはそっとかれのみみにささやいた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3179

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Especially

Reading

Kanji

取Take 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '取り分け (とりわけ)' means 'especially' or 'particularly'. It is used to emphasize that something stands out more than others in a given context. This adverb is often used to highlight a specific aspect or item within a group or situation. For example: She is especially good at math「彼女は取り分け数学が得意だ」(かのじょはとりわけすうがくがとくいだ). This dish is particularly delicious「この料理は取り分け美味しい」(このりょうりはとりわけおいしい). The word can also imply a sense of distinction or uniqueness, making it useful for drawing attention to something noteworthy.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3180

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dare

Reading

Kanji

敢Daring

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '敢えて (あえて)' means 'dare' or 'deliberately'. It is used when someone does something intentionally, often despite potential risks, challenges, or social norms. This word carries a nuance of going against the usual expectations or taking a bold step. For example: I dare to say it「敢えて言います」(あえていいます). He deliberately chose the harder path「彼は敢えて難しい道を選んだ」(かれはあえてむずかしいみちをえらんだ). It can also imply doing something despite knowing it might not be the best or easiest choice, as in '敢えて挑戦する (あえてちょうせんする) (dare to challenge)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3195

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gradually

Reading

Kanji

次Next 第Ordinal number

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次第に (しだいに)' means 'gradually'. It is used to describe a process or change that occurs slowly over time. This adverb is often used in contexts where something is evolving or progressing in a steady manner. For example: The sky gradually darkened「空が次第に暗くなった」(そらがしだいにくらくなった). Her health gradually improved「彼女の健康は次第に回復した」(かのじょのけんこうはしだいにかいふくした). It can also be used to indicate that something will happen in due course, depending on circumstances, as in 'I will contact you as soon as possible「次第に連絡します」(しだいにれんらくします)'. Note that this usage is less common and more formal.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3234

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immediately

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '直ちに (ただちに)' means 'immediately' or 'at once'. It is used to indicate that something should be done without any delay. This word is often used in formal or urgent contexts, such as instructions, warnings, or official announcements. For example: Please leave the building immediately「直ちに建物を出てください」(ただちにたてものをでてください). The doctor came immediately「医者は直ちに来た」(いしゃはただちにきた). Note that '直ちに' carries a sense of urgency and is more formal than other similar words like 'すぐに'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3241

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After all

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 局Bureau

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '結局 (けっきょく)' means 'after all' or 'in the end'. It is used to indicate the final outcome or conclusion of a situation, often after considering various possibilities or events. This word is commonly used to summarize or reflect on the result of a process or series of actions. For example: After all, we decided not to go「結局、行かないことにした」(けっきょく、いかないことにした). In the end, it was a waste of time「結局、時間の無駄だった」(けっきょく、じかんのむだだった). It can also imply a sense of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Naturally

Reading

Kanji

自Self 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '自然に (しぜんに)' means 'naturally'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur in a natural, spontaneous, or unforced manner. This adverb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical actions to emotional responses. For example: she smiled naturally「彼女は自然に笑った」(かのじょはしぜんにわらった). The flowers bloomed naturally「花が自然に咲いた」(はながしぜんにさいた). It can also imply something happening without human intervention, as in 'the wound healed naturally「傷が自然に治った」(きずがしぜんになおった)'. The nuance of '自然に' often conveys a sense of ease or lack of artificiality.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3257

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'そろそろ' (sorosoro) is used to indicate that something is about to happen or that it is time to do something. It conveys a sense of gradual progression or the approaching of a particular moment. For example: It's about time to leave「そろそろ出かけよう」(そろそろでかけよう). Dinner is almost ready「そろそろ夕食ができる」(そろそろゆうしょくができる). The word can also imply a gentle reminder or a nudge to start preparing for an action, as in 'そろそろ始めましょう (そろそろはじめましょう) (Let's start soon).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3261

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not much

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あんまり (anmari)' is a colloquial form of 'あまり' and is used to express 'not much' or 'not very.' It is often used in negative sentences to indicate that something does not happen to a great extent or degree. For example: I don't like sweets much 「あんまり甘いものが好きじゃない」 (あんまりあまいものがすきじゃない). It's not very cold today 「今日はあんまり寒くない」 (きょうはあんまりさむくない). Note that 'あんまり' is less formal than 'あまり' and is commonly used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3263

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tentatively

Reading

Kanji

一One 応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一応 (いちおう)' means 'tentatively' or 'for the time being'. It is often used to indicate that something is done as a preliminary measure, without full commitment or certainty. It can also imply that something is done just in case or as a formality. For example: I tentatively finished the report「一応レポートは終わらせた」(いちおうレポートはおわらせた). I checked it just in case「一応確認した」(いちおうかくにんした). This adverb is commonly used in casual and formal contexts to express a sense of provisionality or precaution.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3309

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Generally

Reading

Kanji

一One 般Sort, Carrier

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一般に (いっぱんに)' means 'generally' or 'in general'. It is used to indicate that something is true or applicable in most cases or as a general rule. This adverb is often used in formal or academic contexts to make broad statements or generalizations. For example: Generally, Japanese people are polite「一般に、日本人は礼儀正しい」(いっぱんに、にほんじんはれいぎただしい). It is generally believed that exercise is good for health「一般に、運動は健康に良いと考えられている」(いっぱんに、うんどうはけんこうにいいとかんがえられている). The adverb can also be used to introduce a commonly accepted fact or opinion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3318

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not yet, Still

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '未だ未だ (まだまだ)' can mean 'still' or 'not yet' depending on the context. It is often used to indicate that something is ongoing or incomplete. For example: I still have a lot to learn「私は未だ未だ学ぶことがたくさんある」(わたしはまだまだまなぶことがたくさんある). The project is not yet finished「そのプロジェクトは未だ未だ終わっていない」(そのプロジェクトはまだまだおわっていない). This adverb can also be used to express humility or modesty, as in 'I am still far from perfect'「私は未だ未だ完璧ではない」(わたしはまだまだかんぺきではない).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3342

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Often

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'しょっちゅう' means 'often' and is used to describe something that happens frequently or repeatedly. It carries a casual tone and is commonly used in everyday conversation. For example: He often comes here「彼はしょっちゅうここに来る」(かれはしょっちゅうここにくる). I often forget things「私はしょっちゅう物忘れをする」(わたしはしょっちゅうものわすれをする). Note that 'しょっちゅう' implies a higher frequency than 'よく (yoku)', which also means 'often' but is more neutral in tone.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3367

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mainly

Reading

Kanji

主Master

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '主に (おもに)' means 'mainly' or 'primarily'. It is used to indicate that something is the primary focus, the most important part, or the majority of a situation. This adverb is often used to describe the central aspect of an action, event, or condition. For example: I mainly eat vegetables「主に野菜を食べます」(おもにやさいをたべます). The store mainly sells books「その店は主に本を売っています」(そのみせはおもにほんをうっています). It can also be used to emphasize the primary reason or cause, as in: The delay was mainly due to traffic「遅れたのは主に渋滞が原因です」(おくれたのはおもにじゅうたいがげんいんです).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3378

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disappointed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がっかり' expresses a feeling of disappointment or letdown. It is often used to describe a situation where one's expectations are not met, leading to a sense of sadness or discouragement. For example: I was disappointed when I heard the news「その知らせを聞いてがっかりした」(そのしらせをきいてがっかりした). He looked disappointed when he lost the game「彼は試合に負けてがっかりしたようだった」(かれはしあいにまけてがっかりしたようだった). 'がっかり' can also be used to describe a general feeling of being disheartened or dispirited, such as when plans fall through or when something doesn't go as hoped.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3389

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Promptly

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast 速Quick

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '早速 (さっそく)' means 'promptly' or 'without delay'. It is used to indicate that something is done immediately or right after a suggestion, request, or opportunity arises. This word conveys a sense of eagerness or readiness to act. For example: I promptly tried the new recipe「早速新しいレシピを試しました」(さっそくあたらしいレシピをためしました). He promptly started working on the project「彼は早速プロジェクトに取り掛かりました」(かれはさっそくぷろじぇくとにとりかかりました). The adverb is often used in both casual and formal contexts to express quick action or response.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '予め (あらかじめ)' means 'beforehand' or 'in advance'. It is used to indicate that something is done or prepared prior to a certain event or situation. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize preparation or prior knowledge. For example: Please prepare the documents beforehand「書類を予め準備しておいてください」(しょるいをあらかじめじゅんびしておいてください). We had already discussed it beforehand「私たちは予めそれを話し合っていました」(わたしたちはあらかじめそれをはなしあっていました). The nuance of '予め' often implies a sense of readiness or foresight, making it a useful word in planning or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3478

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approximately

Reading

Kanji

凡Common

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '凡そ (およそ)' means 'approximately' or 'roughly'. It is used to indicate an estimate or a general idea rather than an exact figure. This word is often used in contexts where precision is not required or when giving a rough overview. For example: The meeting will take approximately two hours「会議は凡そ二時間かかります」(かいぎはおよそにじかんかかります). Approximately 100 people attended the event「凡そ100人がイベントに参加しました」(およそひゃくにんがイベントにさんかしました). It can also be used to mean 'in general' or 'on the whole', as in: In general, his ideas are good「凡そ、彼のアイデアは良い」(およそ、かれのアイデアはよい).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3479

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Really

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '果たして (はたして)' is used to express doubt, uncertainty, or to question whether something is truly the case. It often implies skepticism or curiosity about the outcome or truth of a situation. For example: I wonder if he will really come「果たして彼は来るだろうか」(はたしてかれはくるだろうか). Can it really be true?「果たしてそれは本当だろうか」(はたしてそれはほんとうだろうか). This adverb is commonly used in rhetorical questions or when the speaker is unsure about the result of something.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3513

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As much as possible

Reading

Kanji

成Become 可Possible

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '成る可く (なるべく)' means 'as much as possible' or 'to the best of one's ability'. It is used to express the idea of doing something to the greatest extent feasible or within reasonable limits. This adverb is often used in requests or suggestions to encourage someone to make an effort. For example: Please come as early as possible「成る可く早く来てください」(なるべくはやくきてください). I try to eat vegetables as much as possible「成る可く野菜を食べるようにしています」(なるべくやさいをたべるようにしています). The nuance of '成る可く' implies a sense of effort or intention to achieve something within given constraints.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3525

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oh

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ああ (aa)' is an interjection used to express realization, agreement, or emotional response. It can convey a range of emotions such as surprise, relief, or understanding. For example: Oh, I see!「ああ、わかった！」(ああ、わかった！). Oh, that's how it is「ああ、そういうことか」(ああ、そういうことか). It is often used in casual conversation and can be paired with other expressions to emphasize the speaker's feelings.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3546

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unexpectedly

Reading

Kanji

案Plan, Proposal 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '案外 (あんがい)' means 'unexpectedly' or 'surprisingly'. It is used to express that something turned out differently than one had anticipated, often in a way that is contrary to expectations. This word can be used in both positive and negative contexts. For example: The test was unexpectedly easy「テストは案外簡単だった」(てすとはあんがいかんたんだった). The weather was surprisingly cold「天気は案外寒かった」(てんきはあんがいさむかった). It is important to note that '案外' often carries a nuance of mild surprise or a deviation from what was assumed.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3547

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expectedly

Reading

Kanji

案Plan, Proposal 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '案の定 (あんのじょう)' means 'expectedly' or 'as expected'. It is used to indicate that something happened exactly as one anticipated or predicted. This word often carries a nuance of inevitability or lack of surprise. For example: As expected, it rained today「案の定、今日は雨が降った」(あんのじょう、きょうはあめがふった). As expected, he was late again「案の定、彼はまた遅れた」(あんのじょう、かれはまたおくれた). This adverb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to express that the outcome was predictable.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3549

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting