word

Meaning

Possible

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 能Ability

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '可能 (かのう)' means 'possible'. It is used to describe something that can be done or achieved, or something that has the potential to happen. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts. For example: it is possible to finish this project by tomorrow「このプロジェクトは明日までに終わらせることは可能です」(このプロジェクトはあしたまでにおわらせることはかのうです). Is it possible to change the schedule?「スケジュールを変更することは可能ですか？」(スケジュールをへんこうすることはかのうですか？). Note that '可能' is often used in combination with verbs to express the possibility of doing something, as in '可能にする (かのうにする)' (to make possible).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'どんな (donna)' is used to ask about the nature, type, or characteristics of something. It translates to 'what kind of' or 'what sort of' in English. It is often used in questions to inquire about the qualities or features of a person, thing, or situation. For example: What kind of person is he?「彼はどんな人ですか？」(かれはどんなひとですか？). What kind of food do you like?「どんな食べ物が好きですか？」(どんなたべものがすきですか？). Note that 'どんな' is typically followed by a noun, and it is used to seek descriptive information rather than specific details.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

298

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Different

Reading

Kanji

別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '別 (べつ)' primarily means 'different' or 'separate'. It is used to indicate that something is distinct or not the same as another thing. It can also imply a sense of division or separation. For example: That's a different matter「それは別の問題だ」(それはべつのもんだいだ). Let's consider it separately「別に考えましょう」(べつにかんがえましょう). In some contexts, '別' can also imply 'another' or 'additional', as in '別の日 (べつのひ) (another day)'. It's important to note that '別' is often used in formal or written contexts, and it can be combined with other words to form compound nouns, such as '別荘 (べっそう) (vacation home)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

310

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '好き (すき)' means 'like' or 'fond of'. It is used to express a preference or affection for something or someone. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to indicate personal tastes or interests. For example: I like cats「猫が好きです」(ねこがすきです). She likes music「彼女は音楽が好きです」(かのじょはおんがくがすきです). It's important to note that '好き' is often used with the particle 'が' to indicate the object of affection or preference, as in '猫が好き (ねこがすき) (like cats)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

314

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'みたい (mitai)' is used to express similarity or resemblance, often translated as 'like' or 'as if'. It is commonly used in casual speech to describe something that appears to be a certain way or resembles something else. For example: She looks like a teacher「彼女は先生みたい」(かのじょはせんせいみたい). It seems like it's going to rain「雨が降りそうみたい」(あめがふりそうみたい). Note that 'みたい' can follow nouns, verbs, and adjectives, making it versatile in usage. It is less formal than 'よう (you)' but widely used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

322

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certain, Sure

Reading

Kanji

確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '確か (たしか)' is used to express certainty or sureness about something. It can be used to confirm information or to indicate that something is reliable or accurate. For example: I'm sure he will come「彼は確かに来るでしょう」(かれはたしかにくるでしょう). This is certainly the right way「これは確かに正しい方法です」(これはたしかにただしいほうほうです). It can also be used to recall something from memory, often with a sense of uncertainty, as in 'I think it was last year, but I'm not sure「確か去年だったと思うけど、確かじゃない」(たしかきょねんだったとおもうけど、たしかじゃない)'. The word can be used in both affirmative and negative contexts, and it often carries a nuance of seeking confirmation or reassurance.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

353

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Useless, No

Reading

Kanji

駄Poor quality, Burdensome 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '駄目 (だめ)' can mean 'no' or 'useless'. It is often used to express prohibition, rejection, or something being futile. For example: you can't do that「それは駄目だ」(それはだめだ). This pen is useless「このペンは駄目だ」(このペンはだめだ). It can also be used to describe something that is not allowed or is against the rules. For example: smoking is not allowed here「ここでタバコを吸うのは駄目です」(ここでタバコをすうのはだめです).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

390

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Important

Reading

Kanji

重Heavy 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '重要 (じゅうよう)' means 'important'. It is used to describe something that holds significant value, necessity, or priority. This word is often used in formal contexts, such as business, education, or official documents. For example: This document is important「この書類は重要です」(このしょるいはじゅうようです). It is important to study「勉強することが重要です」(べんきょうすることがじゅうようです). The word can also be used to emphasize the critical nature of a task or decision, as in '重要な決定 (じゅうようなけってい) (important decision)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

399

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enough

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '十分 (じゅうぶん)' means 'enough' or 'sufficient'. It is used to indicate that something is adequate or satisfactory in quantity, quality, or degree. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing time, resources, or effort. For example: I have enough time「時間は十分です」(じかんはじゅうぶんです). This meal is sufficient「この食事は十分です」(このしょくじはじゅうぶんです). It can also be used to express that no further action is needed, as in 'That's enough, thank you'「十分です、ありがとう」(じゅうぶんです、ありがとう).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

479

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unskilled

Reading

Kanji

下Down 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '下手 (へた)' means 'unskilled' or 'poor at something'. It is used to describe a lack of skill or proficiency in a particular activity or task. This word often carries a slightly negative connotation, implying that someone is not good at something. For example: I am bad at cooking「私は料理が下手です」(わたしはりょうりがへたです). He is unskilled at playing the piano「彼はピアノを弾くのが下手です」(かれはぴあのをひくのがへたです). It is commonly used in the structure '[subject] は [activity] が 下手です' to express someone's lack of skill in a specific area.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

482

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike

Reading

Kanji

嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '嫌 (いや)' means 'dislike' or 'unpleasant'. It is used to express a negative feeling towards something or someone, indicating that the subject is undesirable or disagreeable. This word can be used in various contexts, such as expressing personal preferences, discomfort, or refusal. For example: I dislike that person「あの人が嫌です」(あのひとがいやです). This food is unpleasant「この食べ物は嫌です」(このたべものはいやです). It can also be used to politely refuse an offer or request, as in 'No, thank you'「いや、結構です」(いや、けっこうです). Note that '嫌' can sometimes carry a stronger connotation of aversion or repulsion depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

539

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Difficult, Serious

Reading

Kanji

大Big 変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大変 (たいへん)' can mean 'difficult' or 'serious', depending on the context. When used to describe a situation or task, it conveys that something is challenging or troublesome. For example: This work is difficult「この仕事は大変だ」(このしごとはたいへんだ). When used to describe a situation or event, it can mean 'serious' or 'grave'. For example: This is a serious problem「これは大変な問題だ」(これはたいへんなもんだいだ). Additionally, '大変' can also be used as an adverb to mean 'very' or 'greatly', but this usage is separate from its adjectival noun form. For example: I am very tired「私は大変疲れた」(わたしはたいへんつかれた).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Easy

Reading

Kanji

簡Simplicity 単Simple, Single

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '簡単 (かんたん)' means 'easy'. It is used to describe tasks, problems, or situations that are not difficult to understand or accomplish. This word is often used in casual and formal contexts alike. For example: This problem is easy「この問題は簡単です」(このもんだいはかんたんです). Cooking rice is easy「ご飯を炊くのは簡単です」(ごはんをたくのはかんたんです). Note that '簡単' can also imply simplicity or straightforwardness, as in '簡単な説明 (かんたんなせつめい) (simple explanation)'. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and is a versatile term for describing ease or simplicity.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

583

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emergency

Reading

Kanji

非Mistake, Negative 常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '非常 (ひじょう)' primarily means 'emergency'. It is often used in contexts related to urgent or critical situations. For example: emergency exit「非常口」(ひじょうぐち). This word can also be used to describe something as 'extraordinary' or 'unusual', but this usage is less common. For example: extraordinary measures「非常手段」(ひじょうしゅだん). It's important to note that '非常' is often used in formal or official contexts, such as in signs or announcements.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

639

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Important

Reading

Kanji

大Big 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大切 (たいせつ)' means 'important' or 'valuable'. It is used to describe something that holds significant value, whether emotionally, practically, or morally. This word often conveys a sense of care and respect. For example: Family is important「家族は大切です」(かぞくはたいせつです). Take care of this book, it's important「この本を大切にしてください、大切なものです」(このほんをたいせつにしてください、たいせつなものです). The nuance of '大切' often implies a deeper emotional connection or responsibility compared to other words like '重要 (じゅうよう)', which is more neutral and practical.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

659

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Safe

Reading

Kanji

安Cheap, Relax 全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '安全 (あんぜん)' means 'safe'. It is used to describe a state or condition where there is no danger or risk. This word is commonly used in contexts related to safety, security, and well-being. For example: This area is safe「この地域は安全です」(このちいきはあんぜんです). Safety is important「安全は大切です」(あんぜんはたいせつです). It can also be used to describe objects or systems designed to ensure safety, such as '安全装置 (あんぜんそうち)' (safety device).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

677

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Impossible

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無理 (むり)' means 'impossible' or 'unreasonable'. It is often used to describe situations, requests, or actions that are beyond one's capability or are too demanding. It can also imply that something is forced or done against one's will. For example: It's impossible to finish this by tomorrow「これを明日までに終わらせるのは無理だ」(これをあしたまでにおわらせるのはむりだ). Don't push yourself too hard; it's unreasonable「無理をしないで」(むりをしないで). The word can also be used to describe something that is physically or mentally straining, as in '無理な要求 (むりなようきゅう) (unreasonable demand)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

726

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Same

Reading

Kanji

同Same 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '同様 (どうよう)' means 'same' or 'similar'. It is used to indicate that something is identical or comparable to something else in nature, condition, or quality. It often appears in formal or written contexts and can be used to compare two or more things. For example: The rules are the same for everyone「規則は全員に同様です」(きそくはぜんいんにどうようです). His opinion is similar to mine「彼の意見は私のと同様だ」(かれのいけんはわたしのとどうようだ). Note that '同様' is often followed by particles like 'に' or 'と' to complete the comparison.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

733

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Kanji

完Complete 全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '完全 (かんぜん)' means 'complete' or 'perfect'. It is used to describe something that is whole, without any deficiencies, or fully realized. This term can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical objects to abstract concepts. For example: This is a complete set「これは完全なセットです」(これはかんぜんなセットです). The plan was executed perfectly「計画は完全に実行された」(けいかくはかんぜんにじっこうされた). Note that '完全' can also be used to emphasize the entirety or perfection of a situation or object, often implying that nothing is missing or out of place.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

794

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inconvenient

Reading

Kanji

不Not 便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不便 (ふべん)' means 'inconvenient'. It is used to describe situations, objects, or circumstances that are not easy to use, lack practicality, or cause difficulty. For example: This area is inconvenient because there are no shops「この地域は不便です、お店がないから」(このちいきはふべんです、おみせがないから). The train schedule is inconvenient for me「電車のスケジュールは不便です」(でんしゃのすけじゅーるはふべんです). Note that '不便' is often used to express dissatisfaction or frustration with a lack of convenience.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

795

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Okay

Reading

Kanji

大Big 丈Stout, Length 夫Man, Husband

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大丈夫 (だいじょうぶ)' means 'okay' or 'all right'. It is commonly used to express that something is fine, safe, or not a problem. It can also be used to reassure someone or to confirm that everything is going well. For example: Are you okay?「大丈夫ですか？」(だいじょうぶですか？). It's okay, don't worry「大丈夫、心配しないで」(だいじょうぶ、しんぱいしないで). This word is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as checking on someone's well-being, confirming the safety of a situation, or reassuring someone about a potential concern.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

816

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beautiful, Clean

Reading

Kanji

奇Strange, Unusual 麗Beautiful, Lovely

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '奇麗 (きれい)' can mean both 'clean' and 'beautiful', depending on the context. When used to describe cleanliness, it refers to something being free from dirt or clutter. For example: The room is clean「部屋は奇麗です」(へやはきれいです). When used to describe beauty, it refers to something or someone being aesthetically pleasing. For example: She is beautiful「彼女は奇麗です」(かのじょはきれいです). The word can also be used to describe something as neat or tidy, such as handwriting: Your handwriting is neat「あなたの字は奇麗です」(あなたのじはきれいです). It's important to note that '奇麗' is often written in hiragana as 'きれい' in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

835

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Special

Reading

Kanji

特Special 別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '特別 (とくべつ)' means 'special'. It is used to describe something that is out of the ordinary, unique, or given particular attention. It can be used in various contexts, such as events, treatment, or items. For example: This is a special day「今日は特別な日です」(きょうはとくべつなひです). She received special treatment「彼女は特別な扱いを受けた」(かのじょはとくべつなあつかいをうけた). The word can also imply something is exceptional or extraordinary, often carrying a positive connotation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

866

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complex

Reading

Kanji

複Duplicate 雑Miscellaneous

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '複雑 (ふくざつ)' means 'complex'. It is used to describe situations, systems, or problems that are intricate, complicated, or difficult to understand. It can also describe emotions or relationships that are tangled or not straightforward. For example: The situation is complex「状況は複雑だ」(じょうきょうはふくざつだ). This machine has a complex structure「この機械は複雑な構造をしている」(このきかいはふくざつなこうぞうをしている). The relationship between them is complex「彼らの関係は複雑だ」(かれらのかんけいはふくざつだ). Note that '複雑' is often used in both formal and informal contexts to describe anything that is not simple or easy to grasp.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

918

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natural, Obvious

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '当然 (とうぜん)' can mean 'natural' or 'obvious'. It is used to describe something that is expected, self-evident, or logically follows from a situation. This word often conveys a sense of inevitability or something that should be taken for granted. For example: It's natural that he won「彼が勝つのは当然だ」(かれがかつのはとうぜんだ). It's obvious that she would refuse「彼女が断るのは当然だ」(かのじょがことわるのはとうぜんだ). The word can also be used in contexts where something is considered a given or a matter of course, such as in '当然の結果 (とうぜんのけっか) (natural outcome)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

934

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Convenient

Reading

Kanji

便Convenience 利Profit, Advantage

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '便利 (べんり)' means 'convenient'. It is used to describe something that is useful, handy, or makes tasks easier. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to refer to tools, services, or situations that save time or effort. For example: This app is very convenient「このアプリはとても便利です」(このアプリはとてもべんりです). The convenience store is nearby「コンビニが近くて便利です」(コンビニがちかくてべんりです). Note that '便利' can also describe people who are helpful or resourceful, as in '彼は便利な人だ (かれはべんりなひとだ) (He is a helpful person).'

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

958

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Necessary

Reading

Kanji

必Inevitable, Certain 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '必要 (ひつよう)' means 'necessary'. It is used to describe something that is required or essential for a particular purpose or situation. It can be used in various contexts, such as in daily life, work, or academic settings. For example: It is necessary to study hard「勉強する必要がある」(べんきょうするひつようがある). Is this document necessary?「この書類は必要ですか？」(このしょるいはひつようですか？). The word can also be used to express the necessity of actions or items, as in '必要なもの (ひつようなもの) (necessary items)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

968

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Important, Precious

Reading

Kanji

大Big 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大事 (だいじ)' primarily means 'important' or 'precious'. It is used to describe something that holds significant value, whether it be an object, a person, or an abstract concept. The word can also imply care and attention, as in taking good care of something or someone. For example: This book is very important to me「この本は私にとってとても大事です」(このほんはわたしにとってとてもだいじです). Please take care of yourself「自分を大事にしてください」(じぶんをだいじにしてください). The nuance of 'precious' often carries an emotional weight, emphasizing the irreplaceable nature of the subject.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

999

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sudden

Reading

Kanji

急Urgent

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '急 (きゅう)' means 'sudden' or 'urgent'. It is used to describe situations or events that happen quickly or require immediate attention. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a sudden change, an urgent matter, or a steep slope. For example: a sudden stop「急な停止」(きゅうなていし). An urgent matter「急な用事」(きゅうなようじ). A steep hill「急な坂」(きゅうなさか). It is important to note that '急' is often used in combination with other words to form compound nouns or phrases, such as '急行 (きゅうこう)' (express train) or '急病 (きゅうびょう)' (sudden illness).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1002

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strange

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '変 (へん)' means 'strange' or 'weird'. It is used to describe something that is unusual, odd, or out of the ordinary. This word can be applied to situations, behaviors, or objects. For example: That person is strange「あの人は変だ」(あのひとはへんだ). This situation is weird「この状況は変だ」(このじょうきょうはへんだ). It can also be used to describe a change in state, such as '変な音 (へんなおと) (strange sound)' or '変な感じ (へんなかんじ) (weird feeling)'. Note that '変' can also function as a noun meaning 'change' in certain contexts, but this usage is less common compared to its adjectival meaning.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1043

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Famous

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 名Name

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有名 (ゆうめい)' means 'famous'. It is used to describe someone or something that is widely known or recognized. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: He is a famous actor「彼は有名な俳優です」(かれはゆうめいなはいゆうです). This restaurant is famous for its ramen「このレストランはラーメンで有名です」(このレストランはラーメンでゆうめいです). The word '有名' can be used to describe people, places, things, or events that have gained recognition or popularity.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1070

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pure white

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 白White

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ白 (まっしろ)' means 'pure white' or 'completely white'. It is used to describe something that is entirely white, without any blemishes or other colors. This term emphasizes the intensity or purity of the whiteness. For example: The snow is pure white「雪が真っ白だ」(ゆきがまっしろだ). Her dress is completely white「彼女のドレスは真っ白です」(かのじょのドレスはまっしろです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being clean or untainted, such as a pure heart or a blank slate.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1175

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitch dark

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 暗Darkness

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ暗 (まっくら)' means 'pitch-dark'. It is used to describe a state of complete darkness, where no light is visible. This word can be used to describe physical spaces, such as rooms or outdoor areas, as well as metaphorical situations, like a hopeless or unclear future. For example: the room is pitch-dark「部屋は真っ暗だ」(へやはまっくらだ). The night was pitch-dark「夜は真っ暗だった」(よるはまっくらだった). The word '真っ暗' often conveys a sense of intensity or extremity in the darkness, emphasizing the absence of light.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1178

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitch black

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 黒Black

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ黒 (まっくろ)' means 'pitch black' or 'completely black'. It is used to describe something that is entirely black in color, often emphasizing the depth or intensity of the blackness. This word can be used to describe objects, surfaces, or even situations metaphorically. For example: The sky is pitch black「空が真っ黒だ」(そらがまっくろだ). His hands were completely black from the soot「彼の手はすすで真っ黒だった」(かれのてはすすでまっくろだった). Note that '真っ黒' often carries a stronger emphasis than just '黒い (くろい)' (black).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1181

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pale, Deep blue

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 青Blue

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ青 (まっさお)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'deep blue', referring to a vivid, intense shade of blue, often used to describe the color of the sky or the sea. For example: The sea is deep blue today「今日の海は真っ青だ」(きょうのうみはまっさおだ). The second meaning is 'pale', used to describe someone's complexion when they are shocked, scared, or unwell. For example: His face turned pale「彼の顔は真っ青になった」(かれのかおはまっさおになった). These two meanings are unrelated and context-dependent, so it's important to pay attention to the situation in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1182

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

色Color

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '色々 (いろいろ)' means 'various' or 'a variety of'. It is used to describe a range of different things or situations. This word is often used to indicate diversity or multiplicity. For example: There are various kinds of flowers「色々な花があります」(いろいろなはながあります). I have various hobbies「私は色々な趣味があります」(わたしはいろいろなしゅみがあります). It can also be used to express that someone has tried many different things, as in 'I've tried various methods「色々な方法を試しました」(いろいろなほうほうをためしました)'. The word is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1184

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind

Reading

Kanji

親Parent 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '親切 (しんせつ)' means 'kind' or 'kindness'. It is used to describe someone who is considerate, helpful, and thoughtful towards others. This word is often used to express gratitude or appreciation for someone's thoughtful actions. For example: She is very kind「彼女はとても親切です」(かのじょはとてもしんせつです). Thank you for your kindness「親切にありがとう」(しんせつにありがとう). It can also be used to describe actions or gestures, as in '親切な行為 (しんせつなこうい) (kind act)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unkind

Reading

Kanji

不Not 親Parent 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不親切 (ふしんせつ)' means 'unkind' or 'not considerate'. It is used to describe someone or something that lacks kindness, thoughtfulness, or helpfulness. This term is often used in situations where someone fails to provide assistance or behaves in a way that is inconsiderate of others' feelings. For example: The staff was unkind「スタッフは不親切だった」(スタッフはふしんせつだった). His explanation was not helpful「彼の説明は不親切だった」(かれのせつめいはふしんせつだった). Note that '不親切' is often used in formal or serious contexts to express dissatisfaction with someone's behavior.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natural, Nature

Reading

Kanji

自Self 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '自然 (しぜん)' can mean both 'nature' and 'natural'. When used to mean 'nature', it refers to the physical world and its phenomena, such as plants, animals, landscapes, and natural processes. For example: I love nature「私は自然が大好きです」(わたしはしぜんがだいすきです). When used to mean 'natural', it describes something that occurs without human intervention or is inherent. For example: This food is natural「この食べ物は自然です」(このたべものはしぜんです). The word can also imply spontaneity or something being unforced, as in '自然な笑顔 (しぜんなえがお) (natural smile)'. It is important to note that the meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Freedom, Liberty

Reading

Kanji

自Self 由Reason

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '自由 (じゆう)' primarily means 'freedom' or 'liberty'. It refers to the state of being free from constraints, whether physical, social, or psychological. This word is often used in contexts discussing personal freedom, free will, or the absence of restrictions. For example: I want freedom「自由が欲しい」(じゆうがほしい). Children have the freedom to play「子供たちは自由に遊べる」(こどもたちはじゆうにあそべる). It can also describe something being optional or unrestricted, as in 'free seating'「自由席」(じゆうせき). Note that while 'freedom' and 'liberty' are closely related, 'freedom' emphasizes the absence of constraints, while 'liberty' often implies the right or permission to act freely.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1264

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Normal

Reading

Kanji

普Universal, Widespread 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '普通 (ふつう)' means 'normal' or 'ordinary'. It is used to describe something that is standard, usual, or not out of the ordinary. This word can be applied to situations, objects, or people. For example: This is a normal day「今日は普通の日です」(きょうはふつうのひです). She is an ordinary person「彼女は普通の人です」(かのじょはふつうのひとです). It can also be used in phrases like '普通に (ふつうに)' to mean 'normally' or 'as usual', as in 'I normally go to school by train「普通に電車で学校に行きます」(ふつうにでんしゃでがっこうにいきます)'. Note that '普通' can sometimes imply a sense of mediocrity or lack of specialness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1298

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peace

Reading

Kanji

平Flat 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '平和 (へいわ)' means 'peace'. It is used to describe a state of tranquility, absence of violence, or harmony. This term is often used in contexts related to world peace, peaceful coexistence, or a peaceful state of mind. For example: I wish for world peace「世界の平和を願います」(せかいのへいわをねがいます). The country is in a peaceful state「その国は平和な状態です」(そのくにはへいわなじょうたいです). Note that '平和' can also be used as a noun, but its primary function is as an adjectival noun, often followed by 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '平和な国 (へいわなくに) (peaceful country)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1301

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Danger

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous 険Dangerous, Steep

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '危険 (きけん)' means 'danger' or 'dangerous'. It is used to describe situations, actions, or objects that pose a risk or threat. It can function as a noun or modify other nouns when combined with 'な' (e.g., 危険な場所 - dangerous place). For example: That road is dangerous「その道は危険だ」(そのみちはきけんだ). Climbing that mountain is dangerous「あの山に登るのは危険だ」(あのやまにのぼるのはきけんだ). It is also commonly used in warnings, such as '危険！立ち入り禁止' (きけん！たちいりきんし) - 'Danger! No entry.'

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1335

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concrete

Reading

Kanji

具Tool 体Body 的Target

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '具体的 (ぐたいてき)' means 'concrete' or 'specific'. It is used to describe something that is tangible, clear, or well-defined, as opposed to abstract or vague. This term is often used in discussions, explanations, or plans to emphasize clarity and detail. For example: Please give me a concrete example「具体的な例を教えてください」(ぐたいてきなれいをおしえてください). The plan needs to be more specific「その計画はもっと具体的にする必要がある」(そのけいかくはもっとぐたいてきにするひつようがある). Note that '具体的' is often followed by the particle 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '具体的な説明 (ぐたいてきなせつめい) (concrete explanation)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1358

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accurate

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正確 (せいかく)' means 'accurate'. It is used to describe something that is precise, correct, or free from errors. This word is often used in contexts where precision or correctness is important, such as in measurements, information, or descriptions. For example: The clock is accurate「その時計は正確です」(そのとけいはせいかくです). His explanation was accurate「彼の説明は正確でした」(かれのせつめいはせいかくでした). Note that '正確' can also function as a noun, as in '正確さ (せいかくさ)', which means 'accuracy'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1413

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honest

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '正直 (しょうじき)' means 'honest'. It is used to describe someone who is truthful, sincere, and straightforward in their actions or words. It can also describe situations or statements that are candid or frank. For example: he is an honest person「彼は正直な人です」(かれはしょうじきなひとです). To be honest, I don't like it「正直に言うと、好きじゃない」(しょうじきにいうと、すきじゃない). The word can also function as an adverb, as in '正直に言う (しょうじきにいう) (to speak honestly)'. It carries a positive connotation and is often used to praise someone's character or to emphasize sincerity in communication.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1418

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Kanji

静Quiet

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '静か (しずか)' means 'quiet'. It is used to describe a state of calmness, silence, or lack of noise. This word can be applied to environments, situations, or even people. For example: the library is quiet「図書館は静かです」(としょかんはしずかです). Please be quiet「静かにしてください」(しずかにしてください). It can also describe a peaceful atmosphere, such as in: the park was quiet and peaceful「公園は静かで平和だった」(こうえんはしずかでへいわだった). Note that '静か' is often used in its adverbial form '静かに (しずかに)' to describe actions done quietly or calmly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1451

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, How

Reading

Kanji

如As, Likeness 何What

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '如何 (いかが)' is used to inquire about the state, condition, or quality of something. It can mean 'how' or 'what' depending on the context. It is often used in polite or formal situations to ask for opinions or to make suggestions. For example: How is the weather?「天気は如何ですか？」(てんきはいかがですか). What do you think?「ご意見は如何ですか？」(ごいけんはいかがですか). It can also be used to make polite offers, such as: Would you like some tea?「お茶はいかがですか？」(おちゃはいかがですか). The word carries a nuance of politeness and is commonly used in formal conversations or customer service settings.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1537

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Longtime

Reading

Kanji

久Long time

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '久しぶり (ひさしぶり)' is used to express that something is happening after a long time or that it has been a while since something last occurred. It often conveys a sense of nostalgia or excitement about re-engaging with something familiar. For example: It's been a long time since I saw you「久しぶりに会いました」(ひさしぶりにあいました). It's been a while since I ate sushi「久しぶりに寿司を食べました」(ひさしぶりにすしをたべました). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can also stand alone as an exclamation, such as '久しぶり！' to mean 'Long time no see!' or 'It's been a while!'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Secret

Reading

Kanji

秘Secret 密Secret, Dense

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '秘密 (ひみつ)' means 'secret'. It refers to something that is kept hidden or concealed from others, often because it is private, confidential, or sensitive. This word can be used to describe information, actions, or objects that are not meant to be disclosed. For example: This is a secret「これは秘密です」(これはひみつです). She told me her secret「彼女は秘密を教えてくれた」(かのじょはひみつをおしえてくれた). The word can also be used in compound phrases, such as '秘密の場所 (ひみつのばしょ)' (secret place) or '秘密を守る (ひみつをまもる)' (to keep a secret).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1631

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Detailed, Fine

Reading

Kanji

細Slender

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '細か (こまか)' primarily means 'detailed' or 'fine'. It is used to describe something that is intricate, meticulous, or broken down into small parts. For example: She gave a detailed explanation「彼女は細かな説明をした」(かのじょはこまかなせつめいをした). The sand on this beach is very fine「このビーチの砂はとても細かい」(このビーチのすなはとてもこまかい). The word can also imply thoroughness or precision in actions or descriptions. Note that when used as '細かい (こまかい)', it functions as an adjective and often describes physical characteristics like texture or granularity, or abstract qualities like attention to detail.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1738

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike, Weakness

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '苦手 (にがて)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'weakness', referring to something one is not good at or struggles with. The second meaning is 'dislike', referring to something one does not enjoy or prefers to avoid. For example: I am weak at math「数学が苦手です」(すうがくがにがてです). I dislike spicy food「辛い食べ物が苦手です」(からいたべものがにがてです). This word is often used to express personal challenges or preferences in a polite or indirect manner.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1782

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Kanji

貧Poor 乏Scanty, Scarce

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '貧乏 (びんぼう)' means 'poor' in the sense of lacking financial resources. It describes a state of poverty or being impoverished. This word is often used to describe individuals, families, or situations where there is a lack of money or material wealth. For example: he is poor「彼は貧乏だ」(かれはびんぼうだ). We grew up poor「私たちは貧乏に育った」(わたしたちはびんぼうにそだった). It can also be used in compound words like '貧乏人 (びんぼうにん)' (poor person) or '貧乏生活 (びんぼうせいかつ)' (life of poverty). Note that this word carries a neutral to slightly negative connotation and is not typically used in formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1784

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misfortune, Unhappiness

Reading

Kanji

不Not 幸Happiness

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不幸 (ふこう)' can mean both 'unhappiness' and 'misfortune'. It is used to describe a state of being unhappy or experiencing bad luck. This word is often used in contexts involving personal suffering, tragic events, or unfortunate circumstances. For example: She felt deep unhappiness「彼女は深い不幸を感じた」(かのじょはふかいふこうをかんじた). The family experienced great misfortune「その家族は大きな不幸に見舞われた」(そのかぞくはおおきなふこうにみまわれた). Note that '不幸' can also be used to describe someone's life or situation, as in '不幸な人生 (ふこうなじんせい) (unfortunate life)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1787

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Happiness

Reading

Kanji

幸Happiness

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '幸せ (しあわせ)' means 'happiness'. It refers to a state of being happy or content, often associated with good fortune or well-being. This word can describe both a temporary feeling of joy and a more lasting state of happiness. For example: I feel happy today「今日は幸せです」(きょうはしあわせです). They found happiness together「彼らは一緒に幸せを見つけました」(かれらはいっしょにしあわせをみつけました). It can also be used to describe a fortunate event or situation, such as '幸せな結婚 (しあわせなけっこん) (happy marriage)'. The nuance of this word often carries a sense of gratitude or appreciation for the happiness experienced.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1789

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear, Definite

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '明確 (めいかく)' means 'clear' or 'definite'. It is used to describe something that is precise, unambiguous, or clearly defined. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts to emphasize clarity or certainty. For example: The instructions were clear「指示は明確だった」(しじはめいかくだった). We need a definite answer「明確な答えが必要です」(めいかくなこたえがひつようです). Note that '明確' is often used to describe abstract concepts like ideas, plans, or explanations, rather than physical objects.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1798

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effective

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有効 (ゆうこう)' means 'effective'. It is used to describe something that is valid, in effect, or producing the desired result. This term is commonly used in contexts such as legal documents, contracts, or when discussing the efficacy of methods, strategies, or treatments. For example: This coupon is still effective「このクーポンはまだ有効です」(このクーポンはまだゆうこうです). The new policy is effective from today「新しいポリシーは今日から有効です」(あたらしいポリシーはきょうからゆうこうです). It can also be used to describe something that is useful or functional, as in '有効な手段 (ゆうこうなしゅだん) (effective means)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1864

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Good, Pride

Reading

Kanji

得Acquire 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '得意 (とくい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'good', referring to being skilled or proficient at something. For example: I am good at math「私は数学が得意です」(わたしはすうがくがとくいです). The second meaning is 'pride', referring to something one takes pride in or is proud of. For example: This dish is my pride「この料理は私の得意です」(このりょうりはわたしのとくいです). The word is often used to describe skills, abilities, or areas of expertise, and can also imply a sense of confidence or satisfaction in one's abilities.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1897

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distant

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'はるか (haruka)' primarily means 'distant'. It is used to describe something that is far away in terms of physical distance, time, or even metaphorically in terms of degree or extent. This word can be used to describe a faraway place, a long time ago, or a significant difference in level or quality. For example: The mountains are far in the distance「山ははるか遠くにある」(やまははるかとおくにある). That happened a long time ago「それははるか昔のことだ」(それははるかむかしのことだ). There is a big difference between them「彼らのはるかな違いがある」(かれらのはるかなちがいがある). Note that 'はるか' can also be used as an adverb, modifying verbs or adjectives to indicate a large degree or extent, as in 'はるかに大きい (haruka ni ookii)' meaning 'much larger'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

1932

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Health

Reading

Kanji

健Healthy 康Healthy, Peaceful

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '健康 (けんこう)' means 'health'. It refers to the state of being physically and mentally well. It is often used to describe a person's condition or lifestyle. For example: maintaining good health is important「健康を保つことは大切です」(けんこうをたもつことはたいせつです). She is in good health「彼女は健康です」(かのじょはけんこうです). This word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '健康診断 (けんこうしんだん)' (health checkup).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1949

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As expected

Reading

Kanji

流Flow 石Stone

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '流石 (さすが)' is used to express admiration or acknowledgment of someone's abilities, qualities, or actions, often implying that the outcome is as expected given their reputation or skill. It carries a nuance of respect and sometimes surprise. For example: As expected of you, you solved it quickly「さすがあなた、すぐに解決しましたね」(さすがあなた、すぐにかいけつしましたね). As expected of a professional, the work is flawless「さすがプロ、仕事が完璧だ」(さすがぷろ、しごとがかんぺきだ). Note that 'さすが' is often used in positive contexts to highlight someone's excellence or to acknowledge their efforts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1957

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Simple

Reading

Kanji

単Simple, Single 純Pure

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '単純 (たんじゅん)' means 'simple'. It is used to describe something that is straightforward, uncomplicated, or lacking in complexity. This word can be applied to ideas, tasks, systems, or even people's thinking. For example: This problem is simple「この問題は単純だ」(このもんだいはたんじゅんだ). His explanation was simple and easy to understand「彼の説明は単純で分かりやすかった」(かれのせつめいはたんじゅんでわかりやすかった). Note that '単純' can sometimes carry a nuance of being overly simplistic or naive, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1988

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regrettable

Reading

Kanji

残Remainder 念Thought

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '残念 (ざんねん)' means 'regrettable' or 'disappointing'. It is used to express a feeling of disappointment or regret about a situation, outcome, or event. This word is often used in contexts where something did not go as planned or when something unfortunate happens. For example: It's regrettable that the event was canceled「イベントが中止になって残念です」(イベントがちゅうしになってざんねんです). I'm disappointed that I couldn't meet you「会えなくて残念です」(あえなくてざんねんです). The word can also be used to politely express sympathy or disappointment on behalf of someone else, such as '残念ながら (ざんねんながら)', which means 'unfortunately'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1992

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fluent

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'ぺらぺら (ぺらぺら)' is used to describe someone who speaks a language fluently or effortlessly. It often carries a slightly informal or casual tone. For example: He speaks English fluently「彼は英語がぺらぺらだ」(かれはえいごがぺらぺらだ). She is fluent in Japanese「彼女は日本語がぺらぺらです」(かのじょはにほんごがぺらぺらです). Additionally, 'ぺらぺら' can also describe something thin or flimsy, such as paper or fabric, but this meaning is less common and context-dependent. For example: This paper is thin「この紙はぺらぺらだ」(このかみはぺらぺらだ).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

2008

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soft

Reading

Kanji

柔Soft, Gentle

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '柔らか (やわらか)' means 'soft'. It is used to describe something that is physically soft to the touch, such as fabric, food, or materials. It can also describe abstract qualities like a gentle or flexible attitude. For example: This bread is soft「このパンは柔らかい」(このパンはやわらかい). She has a soft personality「彼女は柔らかな性格だ」(かのじょはやわらかなせいかくだ). Note that '柔らか' is often used in its adjectival form '柔らかい (やわらかい)' when directly modifying a noun, as in '柔らかい布 (やわらかいぬの) (soft cloth)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2013

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hate

Reading

Kanji

大Big 嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大嫌い (だいきらい)' means 'hate' or 'dislike intensely'. It is used to express a strong dislike or aversion towards something or someone. The prefix '大 (だい)' intensifies the meaning, making it stronger than just '嫌い (きらい)'. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to express personal feelings. For example: I hate spiders「私は蜘蛛が大嫌いです」(わたしはくもがだいきらいです). He hates studying「彼は勉強が大嫌いだ」(かれはべんきょうがだいきらいだ). It can also be used to describe things one strongly dislikes, such as foods or activities.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2036

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Huge

Reading

Kanji

巨Huge, Giant 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '巨大 (きょだい)' means 'huge' or 'gigantic'. It is used to describe something of an exceptionally large size, often beyond the ordinary. This term can be applied to physical objects, structures, or even abstract concepts like influence or impact. For example: a huge building「巨大なビル」(きょだいなビル). The impact of the event was huge「そのイベントの影響は巨大だった」(そのイベントのえいきょうはきょだいだった). It's important to note that '巨大' often carries a connotation of something being impressively or overwhelmingly large, rather than just big.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2098

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unexpected

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '意外 (いがい)' means 'unexpected'. It is used to describe situations, events, or outcomes that are surprising or contrary to what one might anticipate. This word often carries a nuance of something being unexpectedly good, bad, or simply different from what was assumed. For example: The test was unexpectedly easy「テストは意外に簡単だった」(テストはいがいにかんたんだった). Her reaction was unexpected「彼女の反応は意外だった」(かのじょのはんのうはいがいだった). It can also be used in phrases like '意外と (いがいと)', which emphasizes the surprising nature of something, as in '意外と面白い (いがいとおもしろい) (unexpectedly interesting)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Admirable, Splendid

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 派Sect, Faction

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '立派 (りっぱ)' conveys a sense of excellence, grandeur, or something being commendable. It is often used to describe people, achievements, or objects that are impressive or praiseworthy. For example: He is a splendid person「彼は立派な人です」(かれはりっぱなひとです). This is an admirable achievement「これは立派な成果です」(これはりっぱなせいかです). The term can also imply a sense of dignity or being well-suited for a particular role or purpose, such as in the sentence: She has grown into a splendid adult「彼女は立派な大人になりました」(かのじょはりっぱなおとなになりました).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complete, Splendid

Reading

Kanji

見See 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '見事 (みごと)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'splendid' or 'magnificent', often used to describe something that is impressively beautiful or well-executed. For example: The fireworks were splendid「花火は見事だった」(はなびはみごとだった). The second meaning is 'complete' or 'thorough', often used to describe something that is done fully or perfectly. For example: He failed completely「彼は見事に失敗した」(かれはみごとにしっぱいした). The word can also carry a nuance of admiration or awe, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hindrance, Intrusion

Reading

Kanji

邪Wicked 魔Witch, Demon

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '邪魔 (じゃま)' primarily means 'hindrance' or 'intrusion'. It is used to describe something or someone that obstructs, interferes, or gets in the way of an activity or situation. For example: Sorry for being a hindrance「邪魔してすみません」(じゃましてすみません). Don't disturb me now「今邪魔しないで」(いまじゃましないで). The word can also be used to describe physical obstructions, such as objects blocking a path, or metaphorical ones, like distractions. It is commonly used in polite expressions to apologize for interrupting or inconveniencing someone.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diverse

Reading

Kanji

多Many 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '多様 (たよう)' means 'diverse'. It is used to describe a variety or multiplicity of things, often emphasizing the presence of many different types or forms within a group or category. This term is commonly used in contexts discussing culture, biology, opinions, or methods. For example: The opinions of the participants were diverse「参加者の意見は多様だった」(さんかしゃのいけんはたようだった). The ecosystem is diverse「その生態系は多様だ」(そのせいたいけいはたようだ). It can also be used to describe a wide range of options or choices, such as in '多様な選択肢 (たようなせんたくし) (diverse choices)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2284

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fool, Idiot

Reading

Kanji

馬Horse 鹿Deer

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '馬鹿 (ばか)' primarily means 'fool' or 'idiot'. It is used to describe someone who is foolish, silly, or lacking in common sense. However, it can also be used in a more affectionate or playful manner among close friends or family. For example: You're such an idiot「あなたは本当に馬鹿だね」(あなたはほんとうにばかだね). Don't be silly「馬鹿なこと言わないで」(ばかなこといわないで). It's important to note that while '馬鹿' can be used humorously, it can also be considered rude or offensive depending on the context and tone of voice.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

High, Advanced

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '高度 (こうど)' can mean 'high' or 'advanced'. When used to mean 'high', it often refers to altitude or elevation, such as in the context of aviation or geography. For example: The plane is flying at a high altitude「飛行機は高度を飛んでいる」(ひこうきはこうどをとんでいる). When used to mean 'advanced', it typically refers to a high level of skill, technology, or complexity. For example: This is an advanced technique「これは高度な技術です」(これはこうどなぎじゅつです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe abstract concepts, such as '高度な問題 (こうどなもんだい)' (a complex problem).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Natural, Obvious

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '当たり前 (あたりまえ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'obvious', referring to something that is clear, self-evident, or expected. The second meaning is 'natural', indicating something that is normal, ordinary, or to be expected. This word is often used to express that something is a given or should be taken for granted. For example: It's obvious that the sun rises in the east「太陽が東から昇るのは当たり前だ」(たいようがひがしからのぼるのはあたりまえだ). It's natural to feel nervous before a big test「大きなテストの前に緊張するのは当たり前だ」(おおきなテストのまえにきんちょうするのはあたりまえだ). The word can also carry a nuance of something being taken for granted, as in 'It's only natural to help others'「他人を助けるのは当たり前だ」(たにんをたすけるのはあたりまえだ).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2298

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Easy

Reading

Kanji

容Contain, Looks 易Easy

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '容易 (ようい)' means 'easy' or 'simple'. It is used to describe tasks, situations, or actions that require little effort or are straightforward. This word often carries a formal tone and is commonly used in written or formal speech. For example: This problem is easy to solve「この問題は容易に解決できる」(このもんだいはよういにかいけつできる). It is not easy to achieve success「成功を収めるのは容易ではない」(せいこうをおさめるのはよういではない). Note that '容易' is often paired with verbs like 'できる' or 'ではない' to express feasibility or difficulty.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2324

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Empty

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '空っぽ (からっぽ)' means 'empty'. It is used to describe something that contains nothing inside or lacks substance. This word is often used for physical objects, such as containers or spaces, but can also describe abstract concepts like feelings or plans. For example: the box is empty「箱は空っぽだ」(はこはからっぽだ). Her mind felt empty「彼女の頭は空っぽだった」(かのじょのあたまはからっぽだった). Note that '空っぽ' is more casual and conversational compared to the more formal '空 (から)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2374

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earnest

Reading

Kanji

懸Suspend 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '懸命 (けんめい)' means 'earnest' or 'doing one's utmost'. It describes a state of putting in great effort or being very serious about something. This term is often used to commend someone's dedication or hard work. For example: He is earnest in his studies「彼は勉強に懸命だ」(かれはべんきょうにけんめいだ). She worked hard to achieve her goal「彼女は目標を達成するために懸命に働いた」(かのじょはもくひょうをたっせいするためにけんめいにはたらいた). The word can also imply a sense of desperation or urgency in certain contexts, highlighting the intensity of the effort being made.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plain, Modest

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '地味 (じみ)' primarily means 'plain' or 'modest'. It is often used to describe something that is simple, unadorned, or not flashy. This word can be applied to clothing, behavior, or even lifestyles. For example: Her dress is plain「彼女のドレスは地味だ」(かのじょのドレスはじみだ). He leads a modest life「彼は地味な生活を送っている」(かれはじみなせいかつをおくっている). It can also carry a slightly negative nuance, implying something is too plain or unremarkable, depending on the context. For instance: This design is too plain「このデザインは地味すぎる」(このデザインはじみすぎる).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skilled

Reading

Kanji

上Up 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '上手 (じょうず)' means 'skilled' or 'good at something'. It is used to describe someone who is proficient or talented in a particular activity or skill. This word is often used to compliment someone's abilities. For example: She is skilled at playing the piano「彼女はピアノが上手です」(かのじょはぴあのがじょうずです). He is good at cooking「彼は料理が上手です」(かれはりょうりがじょうずです). Note that '上手' is typically used in the structure '[person]は[activity]が上手です' to indicate skill in a specific area.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As it is

Reading

Kanji

有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有りのまま (ありのまま)' means 'as it is.' This word is used to describe something in its natural or original state, without any alterations or pretenses. It is often used to emphasize honesty, authenticity, or the acceptance of reality. Example: Show your true feelings 「有りのままの気持ちを見せて」 (ありのままのきもちをみせて). He painted the scene from memory, as it was 「彼は記憶にあるがままの景色を描いた」 (かれはきおくにあるがままのけしきをえがいた). This word is often used in contexts where transparency or acceptance is valued, such as in personal reflection, art, or relationships.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2578

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Same, Identical

Reading

Kanji

同Same 一One

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '同一 (どういつ)' means 'same' or 'identical'. It is used to describe things that are exactly alike or indistinguishable in nature, quality, or characteristics. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in legal documents, scientific discussions, or when comparing objects or ideas. For example: These two documents are identical「これらの二つの書類は同一です」(これらのふたつのしょるいはどういつです). The two theories are the same in essence「二つの理論は本質的に同一だ」(ふたつのりろんはほんしつてきにどういつだ). Note that '同一' is often followed by particles like 'の' or 'である' to modify nouns or form predicates.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2605

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elegant

Reading

Kanji

上Up 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '上品 (じょうひん)' means 'elegant' or 'refined'. It is used to describe something or someone that exhibits a high level of sophistication, grace, or good taste. This word is often used to describe behavior, appearance, or objects that are considered classy or polished. For example: Her dress is elegant「彼女のドレスは上品です」(かのじょのドレスはじょうひんです). The tea set looks refined「そのティーセットは上品に見えます」(そのティーセットはじょうひんにみえます). Note that '上品' can also imply a sense of modesty or restraint, often associated with traditional Japanese aesthetics.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shock

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'ショック (shokku)' means 'shock'. It is used to describe a sudden and intense emotional or physical reaction to an unexpected event. This word is often used in contexts involving surprise, trauma, or distress. For example: I was in shock when I heard the news「そのニュースを聞いてショックだった」(そのニュースをきいてショックだった). The accident gave him a shock「その事故で彼はショックを受けた」(そのじこでかれはショックをうけた). Note that 'ショック' is a loanword from English and is commonly used in both casual and formal situations.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

2621

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unique, Independent

Reading

Kanji

独Alone 自Self

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '独自 (どくじ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'unique', referring to something that is distinct or original, not shared with others. The second meaning is 'independent', indicating self-reliance or autonomy. This word is often used to describe methods, styles, or systems that are distinct from others. For example: The company developed a unique technology「その会社は独自の技術を開発した」(そのかいしゃはどくじのぎじゅつをかいはつした). She has an independent way of thinking「彼女は独自の考え方を持っている」(かのじょはどくじのかんがえかたをもっている). The nuance of '独自' often emphasizes originality or self-sufficiency, making it a versatile term in both business and personal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2624

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expensive

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 価Price

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '高価 (こうか)' means 'expensive'. It is used to describe items or goods that have a high monetary value. This term is often used in contexts such as shopping, business, or when discussing the value of objects. For example: This watch is expensive「この時計は高価です」(このとけいはこうかです). High-quality products are usually expensive「高品質の製品はたいてい高価です」(こうひんしつのせいひんはたいていこうかです). It is important to note that '高価' is typically used for objects or items, not for services or experiences.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2628

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Warm

Reading

Kanji

温Warm 暖Warm

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '温暖 (おんだん)' means 'warm' in the context of climate or weather. It is used to describe a mild or temperate climate, often in contrast to cold or harsh weather conditions. For example: The climate of this region is warm「この地域の気候は温暖です」(このちいきのきこうはおんだんです). Global warming is a serious issue「地球温暖化は深刻な問題です」(ちきゅうおんだんかはしんこくなもんだいです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a warm or friendly atmosphere, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2645

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Worst

Reading

Kanji

最Most 悪Evil

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '最悪 (さいあく)' means 'worst'. It is used to describe a situation, condition, or outcome that is extremely bad or unfavorable. This term is often used in casual and formal contexts to express strong dissatisfaction or disappointment. For example: This is the worst「これは最悪だ」(これはさいあくだ). The weather today is the worst「今日の天気は最悪だ」(きょうのてんきはさいあくだ). It can also be used to describe a person's mood or state, as in 'I feel the worst today'「今日は最悪の気分だ」(きょうはさいあくのきぶんだ). Note that '最悪' can also function as a noun, as in 'the worst case scenario'「最悪のケース」(さいあくのケース).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2661

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Casual

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 軽Lightly

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '気軽 (きがる)' means 'casual' or 'easygoing'. It describes a relaxed, informal, or carefree attitude or manner. This word is often used to describe someone's demeanor, approach to tasks, or the atmosphere of a situation. For example: He is very casual about everything「彼は何でも気軽だ」(かれはなんでもきがるだ). Let's have a casual chat「気軽に話しましょう」(きがるにはなしましょう). The word can also imply a lack of pressure or formality, making it suitable for describing situations where people feel at ease.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2738

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor quality, Malicious

Reading

Kanji

悪Evil 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '悪質 (あくしつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'malicious', referring to actions or behaviors that are intentionally harmful or deceitful. For example: That was a malicious scam「それは悪質な詐欺だった」(それはあくしつなさぎだった). The second meaning is 'poor-quality', describing something that is of low or inferior quality. For example: This is a poor-quality product「これは悪質な製品だ」(これはあくしつなせいひんだ). The word is often used in contexts involving fraud, scams, or substandard goods, and it carries a strong negative connotation.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2852

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Serious, Earnest

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 面Face, Surface 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真面目 (まじめ)' primarily means 'serious' or 'earnest'. It is used to describe someone who is diligent, hardworking, or sincere in their actions or attitude. This word often carries a positive connotation, implying reliability and responsibility. However, it can also imply being overly serious or lacking a sense of humor in certain contexts. Example sentences: He is a serious student「彼は真面目な学生です」(かれはまじめながくせいです). She is earnest about her work「彼女は仕事に真面目です」(かのじょはしごとにまじめです). Note that '真面目' can also describe objects or situations that are genuine or authentic, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2926

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hurry

Reading

Kanji

大Big 急Urgent

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大急ぎ (おおいそぎ)' means 'hurry' or 'great haste'. It is used to describe a situation or action that is done quickly or urgently, often due to limited time. This word is commonly used in contexts where speed is essential, such as rushing to complete a task or moving quickly to a destination. For example: I left in a hurry「大急ぎで出かけた」(おおいそぎででかけた). She finished her homework in a rush「彼女は大急ぎで宿題を終わらせた」(かのじょはおおいそぎでしゅくだいをおわらせた). Note that '大急ぎ' often implies a sense of urgency or necessity, and it can be used both as a noun and as an adverb when combined with particles like 'で'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2988

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desperate

Reading

Kanji

必Inevitable, Certain 死Death

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '必死 (ひっし)' means 'desperate'. It describes a state of extreme urgency or determination, often implying that someone is putting all their effort into something, as if their life depends on it. It can be used to describe actions, attitudes, or situations. For example: He was desperate to win「彼は勝つために必死だった」(かれはかつためにひっしだった). She worked desperately to finish the project「彼女はプロジェクトを終わらせるために必死に働いた」(かのじょはぷろじぇくとをおわらせるためにひっしにはたらいた). The word can also imply a sense of life-or-death seriousness, as in '必死の努力 (ひっしのどりょく) (desperate effort)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3002

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Polite

Reading

Kanji

丁Street 寧Rather, Courteous

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '丁寧 (ていねい)' primarily means 'polite' or 'courteous'. It is used to describe actions, speech, or behavior that is considerate, respectful, and carefully executed. This word can also imply thoroughness or meticulousness in how something is done. For example: She speaks politely「彼女は丁寧に話します」(かのじょはていねいにはなします). He wrote a polite letter「彼は丁寧な手紙を書いた」(かれはていねいなてがみをかいた). The teacher explained the lesson carefully「先生は丁寧に授業を説明した」(せんせいはていねいにじゅぎょうをせつめいした). Note that '丁寧' can also describe something done with great care or attention to detail, such as '丁寧な仕事 (ていねいなしごと)' (careful work).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3083

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immature

Reading

Kanji

幼Childhood, Infancy 稚Young, Immature

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '幼稚 (ようち)' means 'immature' or 'childish'. It is often used to describe behavior, thinking, or actions that are not appropriate for someone's age or position, suggesting a lack of maturity or sophistication. For example: His behavior is immature「彼の行動は幼稚だ」(かれのこうどうはようちだ). That idea is too childish「その考えは幼稚すぎる」(そのかんがえはようちすぎる). It can also refer to something being at an early stage of development, such as '幼稚な技術 (ようちなぎじゅつ)' (immature technology). Note that this word can carry a slightly negative connotation when used to describe people.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3086

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Main, Principal

Reading

Kanji

主Master 要Important, Need

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '主要 (しゅよう)' means 'main' or 'principal'. It is used to describe something that is of primary importance or the most significant part of a whole. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to highlight key elements or components. For example: the main reason「主要な理由」(しゅようなりゆう). The principal cities in Japan「日本の主要な都市」(にほんのしゅようなとし). It is important to note that '主要' is typically followed by the particle 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '主要な問題 (しゅようなもんだい) (main problem)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3100

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cash

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '現金 (げんきん)' primarily means 'cash'. It refers to physical money in the form of bills or coins, as opposed to digital or credit-based transactions. This term is commonly used in contexts involving payments, transactions, or financial discussions. For example: I paid in cash「現金で払いました」(げんきんではらいました). Do you accept cash?「現金で払えますか？」(げんきんではらえますか？). It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is 'practical' or 'pragmatic', but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3104

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carefree

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '気楽 (きらく)' means 'carefree' or 'easygoing'. It describes a state of being relaxed, free from worry, or not burdened by stress. This word is often used to describe a person's attitude, lifestyle, or situation. For example: He lives a carefree life「彼は気楽な生活をしている」(かれはきらくなせいかつをしている). Don't worry, just take it easy「心配しないで、気楽にやって」(しんぱいしないで、きらくにやって). It can also imply a sense of simplicity or lack of pressure, as in '気楽な仕事 (きらくなしごと) (an easy job)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extra, Unnecessary

Reading

Kanji

余Excess 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '余計 (よけい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'extra', referring to something additional or surplus. For example: I bought extra food「余計な食べ物を買った」(よけいなたべものをかった). The second meaning is 'unnecessary', referring to something that is not needed or excessive. For example: His comments were unnecessary「彼のコメントは余計だった」(かれのコメントはよけいだった). The word can also imply something is excessive or unwelcome, depending on the context. It is often used to describe actions, objects, or remarks that are either additional or superfluous.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3265

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direct

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '直 (ちょく)' means 'direct' and is often used to describe something that is straightforward, immediate, or without intermediaries. It can be used in various contexts, such as communication, travel, or actions. For example: direct communication「直のコミュニケーション」(ちょくのコミュニケーション). He took a direct flight「彼は直行便に乗った」(かれはちょっこうびんにのった). Note that '直' is often combined with other words to form compound terms, such as '直行 (ちょっこう)' (direct travel) or '直感 (ちょっかん)' (intuition).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting