Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Old age

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 齢Age

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高齢 (こうれい)' refers to 'old age' or 'advanced age'. It is commonly used to describe elderly people or the state of being elderly. This term is often used in formal contexts, such as in discussions about healthcare, social welfare, or demographics. For example: The population is aging「人口は高齢化している」(じんこうはこうれいかしている). Elderly care is important「高齢者のケアは重要です」(こうれいしゃのけあはじゅうようです). Note that '高齢' is typically used in a respectful or neutral tone when referring to older individuals.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1704

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Layer

Reading

Kanji

層Layer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '層 (そう)' primarily means 'layer'. It is used to describe a stratum or level of material, such as in geology or construction. For example: the earth's crust has many layers「地殻には多くの層がある」(ちかくにはおおくのそうがある). It can also be used metaphorically to describe social strata or levels within a hierarchy. For example: the upper class is a small layer of society「上流階級は社会の小さな層だ」(じょうりゅうかいきゅうはしゃかいのちいさなそうだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1706

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Program

Reading

Kanji

番Turn 組Association, Group

Explanation

The Japanese noun '番組 (ばんぐみ)' refers to a 'program', typically in the context of television or radio. It is used to describe scheduled content such as TV shows, radio broadcasts, or other organized segments of entertainment or information. For example: I watched a TV program last night「昨夜テレビ番組を見た」(さくやテレビばんぐみをみた). This radio program is interesting「このラジオ番組は面白い」(このラジオばんぐみはおもしろい). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing media content.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1707

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nap

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon 寝Lie down, Go to sleep

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '昼寝 (ひるね)' refers to a 'nap' or 'siesta', specifically a short sleep taken during the daytime. It is commonly used to describe a rest taken after lunch or during a break in the day. This word is often used in casual contexts and is associated with relaxation. For example: I took a nap after lunch「昼ご飯の後に昼寝をした」(ひるごはんのあとにひるねをした). Taking a nap is refreshing「昼寝をすると気分がすっきりする」(ひるねをするときぶんがすっきりする). The word '昼寝' is distinct from '睡眠 (すいみん)', which refers to sleep in general, as it specifically denotes a short, daytime rest.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1709

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point, Moment

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 点Point

Explanation

The Japanese noun '時点 (じてん)' refers to a specific point or moment in time. It is often used to indicate a particular instance or stage in a sequence of events. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts to specify when something occurred or will occur. For example: at the current point in time「現在の時点では」(げんざいのじてんでは). As of this moment, the decision has not been made「この時点では、決定はされていない」(このじてんでは、けっていはされていない). Note that '時点' is often paired with time-related words like '現在 (げんざい)' (current) or 'その' (that) to clarify the specific moment being referenced.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1710

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Winter

Reading

Kanji

冬Winter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '冬 (ふゆ)' means 'winter'. It refers to the coldest season of the year, typically characterized by low temperatures, snow, and shorter days. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, literature, and weather forecasts. For example: Winter is cold「冬は寒い」(ふゆはさむい). I like winter because of the snow「雪があるので冬が好きです」(ゆきがあるのでふゆがすきです). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '冬休み (ふゆやすみ)' (winter vacation) or '冬眠 (とうみん)' (hibernation).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1711

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bird

Reading

Kanji

鳥Bird

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鳥 (とり)' means 'bird'. This word refers to any bird, whether wild or domesticated. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be found in various contexts, such as describing animals, nature, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: I saw a bird in the park「公園で鳥を見た」(こうえんでとりをみた). Birds are singing「鳥が鳴いている」(とりがないている). The word '鳥' can also be used metaphorically or in compound words, such as '鳥居 (とりい)' (Shinto shrine gate), which resembles a bird's perch.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1714

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exchange

Reading

Kanji

両Both 替Replace, Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '両替 (りょうがえ)' refers to the act of exchanging one form of currency for another, such as converting yen to dollars or vice versa. It is commonly used in contexts involving money exchange, such as at banks, airports, or currency exchange offices. For example: I exchanged yen for dollars「円をドルに両替しました」(えんをドルにりょうがえしました). Where can I exchange money?「どこでお金を両替できますか？」(どこでおかねをりょうがえできますか？). This term is specific to currency exchange and does not apply to other types of exchanges.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1715

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

One way

Reading

Kanji

片Fragment, One sided 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '片道 (かたみち)' means 'one-way'. It is commonly used to describe travel or transportation that goes in a single direction without returning. For example: I bought a one-way ticket「片道のチケットを買いました」(かたみちのチケットをかいました). The train is one-way「その電車は片道です」(そのでんしゃはかたみちです). This term is often used in contexts like tickets, routes, or trips where the journey does not include a return. It contrasts with '往復 (おうふく)', which means 'round-trip'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1717

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Machine, Mechanism

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 械Contraption

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機械 (きかい)' primarily means 'machine' and refers to a device or apparatus that performs a specific task, often involving mechanical or automated processes. It can also mean 'mechanism', referring to the internal workings or structure of a machine. This word is commonly used in contexts related to technology, engineering, and industry. For example: This machine is very advanced「この機械はとても進んでいる」(このきかいはとてもすすんでいる). The mechanism of this clock is complicated「この時計の機械は複雑だ」(このとけいのきかいはふくざつだ). Note that '機械' is often used in technical or formal contexts, distinguishing it from simpler devices or tools.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1718

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Art

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 術Art, Technique

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美術 (びじゅつ)' refers to 'art', specifically visual arts such as painting, sculpture, and other forms of creative expression. It is often used in contexts related to museums, galleries, and academic discussions about art. For example: I went to the art museum「美術館に行きました」(びじゅつかんにいきました). She studies art history「彼女は美術史を勉強しています」(かのじょはびじゅつしをべんきょうしています). The term can also be used in compound words like '美術館 (びじゅつかん)' (art museum) or '美術品 (びじゅつひん)' (artwork).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1719

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Screen

Reading

Kanji

画Picture 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '画面 (がめん)' refers to a 'screen', such as the display of a television, computer, smartphone, or any other electronic device. It can also refer to the visual display of information or images. For example: the screen is bright「画面が明るい」(がめんがあかるい). Please look at the screen「画面を見てください」(がめんをみてください). This word is commonly used in contexts involving technology, media, or visual displays.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1722

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point, Place

Reading

Kanji

箇Item, Counter for articles 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '箇所 (かしょ)' refers to a specific place, point, or location, often in a more abstract or formal context. It is commonly used to indicate a particular spot in a document, a physical location, or a specific part of something. For example: Please check this place in the document「この箇所を確認してください」(このかしょをかくにんしてください). There is a problem at this point「この箇所に問題があります」(このかしょにもんだいがあります). The word is often used in technical, formal, or written contexts, and it emphasizes precision in identifying a specific location or part.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1724

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heredity

Reading

Kanji

遺Leave behind 伝Transmit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遺伝 (いでん)' refers to 'heredity' or the passing of traits from parents to offspring through genes. It is commonly used in scientific, medical, and everyday contexts to discuss genetic inheritance. For example: Heredity influences eye color「遺伝は目の色に影響する」(いでんはめのいろにえいきょうする). This disease is caused by heredity「この病気は遺伝によるものです」(このびょうきはいでんによるものです). The word is also used in compound terms like '遺伝子 (いでんし)' (gene) and '遺伝学 (いでんがく)' (genetics).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1725

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Democracy

Reading

Kanji

民People, Nation 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '民主 (みんしゅ)' means 'democracy'. It refers to a system of government where power is vested in the people, who exercise it directly or through elected representatives. This term is often used in political contexts and can be combined with other words to form related terms, such as '民主主義 (みんしゅしゅぎ)' (democracy as a political ideology). Example sentences: Democracy is important「民主は大切です」(みんしゅはたいせつです). The country values democracy「その国は民主を重視しています」(そのくにはみんしゅをじゅうししています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1727

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weekly magazine

Reading

Kanji

週Week 刊Publish, Edition 誌Magazine, Document

Explanation

The Japanese noun '週刊誌 (しゅうかんし)' refers to a 'weekly magazine'. This term is used to describe a publication that is issued once a week, typically containing news, articles, and other content. It is commonly used in contexts related to media, publishing, and reading habits. For example: I bought a weekly magazine「週刊誌を買いました」(しゅうかんしをかいました). He reads weekly magazines every week「彼は毎週週刊誌を読みます」(かれはまいしゅうしゅうかんしをよみます). The term is often associated with both entertainment and informational content, and it is a staple in Japanese media culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1730

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organism

Reading

Kanji

生Life 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '生物 (せいぶつ)' means 'organism'. It refers to any living being, such as animals, plants, or microorganisms. This word is often used in scientific or academic contexts to discuss living things. For example: There are many organisms in the ocean「海には多くの生物がいる」(うみにはおおくのせいぶつがいる). Studying organisms is fascinating「生物を勉強するのは面白い」(せいぶつをべんきょうするのはおもしろい). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to life or living creatures in general.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1732

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evening newspaper

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 刊Publish, Edition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕刊 (ゆうかん)' means 'evening newspaper.' This word refers to a newspaper that is published and distributed in the evening, typically containing the latest news and updates of the day. It is often contrasted with '朝刊 (ちょうかん)', which is the morning edition. Example sentences include: I read the evening newspaper every day 「私は毎日夕刊を読みます」 (わたしはまいにちゆうかんをよみます). The evening newspaper has more local news 「夕刊には地元のニュースが多い」 (ゆうかんにはじもとのニュースがおおい). Note that '夕刊' is specifically used to refer to newspapers and not other types of evening publications.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1733

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Large quantity

Reading

Kanji

大Big 量Measure, Quantity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大量 (たいりょう)' means 'large quantity' or 'bulk.' It is used to describe a significant amount or size of something, often in an objective or quantitative sense. This word is commonly used in contexts related to production, consumption, or supply, such as describing large quantities of goods, materials, or resources. Example: They imported a large quantity of oil 「彼らは大量の石油を輸入した」 (かれらはたいりょうのせきゆをゆにゅうした). There was a large amount of rainfall 「大量の雨が降った」 (たいりょうのあめがふった). '大量' can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as describing a large amount of information or data.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1734

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leftright

Reading

Kanji

左Left 右Right

Explanation

The Japanese noun '左右 (さゆう)' means 'left and right'. This term is used to refer to the directions of left and right, or to describe something that is influenced or controlled by two opposing forces. It can also be used metaphorically to describe being undecided or influenced by different factors. For example: look to the left and right「左右を見てください」(さゆうをみてください). The decision was influenced by various factors「その決定はさまざまな要因に左右された」(そのけっていはさまざまなよういんにさゆうされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1736

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Girl

Reading

Kanji

少Few 女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '少女 (しょうじょ)' means 'girl'. It specifically refers to a young girl, typically in the age range of around 7 to 18 years old. This term is often used in literature, media, and everyday conversation to describe a young female. For example: The girl is reading a book「少女は本を読んでいる」(しょうじょはほんをよんでいる). I saw a girl in the park「公園で少女を見た」(こうえんでしょうじょをみた). The word carries a nuance of youth and innocence, and it is distinct from other terms like '女の子 (おんなのこ)', which is a more general term for a girl or young woman.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1737

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gaze

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視線 (しせん)' refers to the direction or focus of someone's eyes, often translated as 'gaze' or 'line of sight'. It is commonly used to describe where someone is looking or the act of looking at something. This word can also carry nuances of attention, scrutiny, or even judgment depending on the context. For example: Her gaze was fixed on the painting「彼女の視線はその絵に釘づけだった」(かのじょのしせんはそのえにくぎづけだった). I felt someone's gaze on me「誰かの視線を感じた」(だれかのしせんをかんじた). The word is often used in situations where the direction or intensity of looking is significant, such as in social interactions or artistic descriptions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1740

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Treaty

Reading

Kanji

条Clause 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese noun '条約 (じょうやく)' refers to a formal agreement between countries or organizations, typically involving legal obligations. It is commonly used in the context of international relations, diplomacy, or legal frameworks. For example: The two countries signed a peace treaty「両国は平和条約に調印した」(りょうこくはへいわじょうやくにちょういんした). This treaty is important for global cooperation「この条約は国際協力にとって重要です」(このじょうやくはこくさいきょうりょくにとってじゅうようです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as agreements between organizations or groups, but its primary usage is in diplomatic or legal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1742

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

群Group, Flock

Explanation

The Japanese noun '群 (ぐん)' means 'group'. It refers to a collection or gathering of people, animals, or things. This word is often used to describe a large number of entities that are together in one place. For example: a group of birds「鳥の群」(とりのぐん). A group of people gathered in the park「公園に群がる人々」(こうえんにむらがるひとびと). The word can also imply a sense of movement or activity within the group, such as in 'a swarm of bees'「蜂の群」(はちのぐん). It is important to note that '群' often carries a neutral or descriptive tone, and it is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1743

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consideration, Examination

Reading

Kanji

検Examine 討Chastise

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '検討 (けんとう)' primarily means 'consideration' or 'examination'. It refers to the act of carefully thinking about or analyzing something, often in preparation for making a decision. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business meetings, academic discussions, or policy-making. For example: We will consider the proposal「提案を検討します」(ていあんをけんとうします). The committee is examining the plan「委員会はその計画を検討しています」(いいんかいはそのけいかくをけんとうしています). Note that '検討' often implies a thorough and deliberate process, and it is frequently paired with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '行う' (to carry out).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1744

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meat

Reading

Kanji

肉Meat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '肉 (にく)' primarily refers to 'meat', the flesh of animals used as food. It is commonly used in contexts related to cooking, eating, or discussing food. For example: I like meat「肉が好きです」(にくがすきです). This meat is delicious「この肉は美味しい」(このにくはおいしい). Additionally, '肉' can sometimes be used metaphorically to refer to the flesh or body in a more abstract sense, such as in the context of physicality or corporeality. For example: He has a strong body「彼は肉が強い」(かれはにくがつよい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1745

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evidence

Reading

Kanji

証Evidence 拠Basis, Based on

Explanation

The Japanese noun '証拠 (しょうこ)' means 'evidence'. It refers to information, objects, or facts that are used to prove or disprove something, often in legal, scientific, or investigative contexts. For example: The police found evidence「警察は証拠を見つけた」(けいさつはしょうこをみつけた). This document is important evidence「この書類は重要な証拠です」(このしょるいはじゅうようなしょうこです). The word is commonly used in formal or serious situations, such as court cases or academic discussions. It can also be used metaphorically to describe proof of abstract concepts, like trust or intentions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1747

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Atmosphere

Reading

Kanji

雰Atmosphere 囲Surround 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雰囲気 (ふんいき)' refers to the 'atmosphere' or 'mood' of a place, situation, or event. It describes the overall feeling or vibe that is perceived in a particular environment. This word is often used to convey the intangible qualities that make a setting unique or memorable. For example: The atmosphere of the cafe was cozy「カフェの雰囲気は居心地が良かった」(かふぇのふんいきはいごこちがよかった). The party had a lively atmosphere「パーティーの雰囲気は活気があった」(ぱーてぃーのふんいきはかっきがあった). It can also be used to describe the mood of a person or group, such as '彼の雰囲気は優しかった (かれのふんいきはやさしかった)' (His demeanor was gentle).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1749

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grass

Reading

Kanji

草Grass

Explanation

The Japanese noun '草 (くさ)' primarily means 'grass'. It refers to the green plants that cover the ground in fields, gardens, and other natural areas. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and literature to describe natural scenery or specific types of grass. For example: The grass is green「草は緑です」(くさはみどりです). I like to walk on the grass「私は草の上を歩くのが好きです」(わたしはくさのうえをあるくのがすきです). Additionally, '草' can sometimes be used metaphorically or in idiomatic expressions, but its primary meaning remains 'grass'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1752

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nose

Reading

Kanji

鼻Nose

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鼻 (はな)' means 'nose'. It refers to the facial organ used for breathing and smelling. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can appear in various contexts, such as describing physical features, health, or expressions. For example: My nose is itchy「鼻がかゆい」(はながかゆい). She has a small nose「彼女は鼻が小さい」(かのじょははながちいさい). Additionally, '鼻' can be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '鼻が高い (はながたかい)', which means 'to be proud'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1754

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquisition

Reading

Kanji

取Take 得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取得 (しゅとく)' refers to the act of obtaining or acquiring something, such as rights, qualifications, or objects. It is commonly used in formal or legal contexts. For example: He obtained a driver's license「彼は運転免許を取得した」(かれはうんてんめんきょをしゅとくした). The company acquired new technology「その会社は新しい技術を取得した」(そのかいしゃはあたらしいぎじゅつをしゅとくした). This word emphasizes the process or result of gaining something through effort or legal means.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1758

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assembly member

Reading

Kanji

議Deliberation 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '議員 (ぎいん)' refers to a member of an assembly, such as a legislative body or council. This term is commonly used to describe elected officials who serve in national, prefectural, or municipal assemblies. For example: The assemblymember proposed a new law「議員が新しい法律を提案した」(ぎいんがあたらしいほうりつをていあんした). She is a member of the city council「彼女は市議会の議員です」(かのじょはしぎかいのぎいんです). The term is neutral and can refer to members of any political party or affiliation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1760

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anniversary

Reading

Kanji

記Record 念Thought 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '記念日 (きねんび)' refers to a day of commemoration or celebration, often marking a significant event such as a wedding anniversary, a historical event, or a personal milestone. It is commonly used in contexts like birthdays, national holidays, or special occasions. For example: Today is our wedding anniversary「今日は私たちの結婚記念日です」(きょうはわたしたちのけっこんきねんびです). The school's founding anniversary is next week「学校の創立記念日は来週です」(がっこうのそうりつきねんびはらいしゅうです). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any day that holds special significance, such as a first date or a memorable achievement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1762

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Form, Format

Reading

Kanji

形Shape 式Style, Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '形式 (けいしき)' primarily refers to the 'form' or 'format' of something. It is used to describe the structure, arrangement, or style in which something is presented or organized. This word is often used in contexts such as legal documents, ceremonies, or artistic works, where the specific form or format is important. For example: The application must follow the correct format「申請は正しい形式でなければならない」(しんせいはただしいけいしきでなければならない). The ceremony was conducted in a traditional form「式典は伝統的な形式で行われた」(しきてんはでんとうてきなけいしきでおこなわれた). Note that '形式' can also imply a sense of rigidity or adherence to rules, as in '形式にこだわる (けいしきにこだわる)' which means 'to be particular about formality'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1763

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wave

Reading

Kanji

波Wave

Explanation

The Japanese noun '波 (なみ)' means 'wave'. This word is primarily used to describe the physical waves of water, such as ocean waves. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe waves in other contexts, such as sound waves or emotional waves. For example: The waves are high today「今日は波が高い」(きょうはなみがたかい). I can hear the sound of the waves「波の音が聞こえる」(なみのおとがきこえる). In a metaphorical sense, it can describe fluctuations, such as 'a wave of emotions'「感情の波」(かんじょうのなみ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1764

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example

Reading

Kanji

例Example 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '例文 (れいぶん)' means 'example sentence'. This term is commonly used in educational contexts, such as language learning or grammar studies, to refer to sentences that illustrate the use of a particular word, phrase, or grammatical structure. For example: Please look at the example sentence「例文を見てください」(れいぶんをみてください). This example sentence is easy to understand「この例文はわかりやすい」(このれいぶんはわかりやすい). It's important to note that '例文' is often used in textbooks, dictionaries, and language learning materials to help learners understand how words or grammar points are used in context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1767

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

This year

Reading

Kanji

今Now 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '今年 (ことし)' means 'this year'. It refers to the current year in which the speaker is living or the event is taking place. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate the present year. For example: This year is going well「今年は順調です」(ことしはじゅんちょうです). I will graduate this year「今年卒業します」(ことしそつぎょうします). It is important to note that '今年' is always used to refer to the current year and does not change based on the context of the sentence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1774

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lateness

Reading

Kanji

遅Slow, Late 刻Engrave

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '遅刻 (ちこく)' refers to the act of being late or tardiness, particularly in the context of arriving late to school, work, or appointments. It is commonly used in formal and informal settings to describe someone's failure to arrive on time. For example: I was late for school「学校に遅刻した」(がっこうにちこくした). He is always late for meetings「彼はいつも会議に遅刻する」(かれはいつもかいぎにちこくする). The word is often used with the verb 'する' to indicate the action of being late, as in '遅刻する (ちこくする) (to be late).' It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying responsibility for the delay.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1775

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Care

Reading

Kanji

介Mediate, Jammed in 護Protect, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '介護 (かいご)' refers to 'care', specifically the act of providing physical or emotional support to someone who is elderly, ill, or disabled. It is often used in contexts related to nursing, caregiving, or support services. For example: She works in elderly care「彼女は高齢者介護の仕事をしています」(かのじょはこうれいしゃかいごのしごとをしています). My father needs care at home「父は在宅介護が必要です」(ちちはざいたくかいごがひつようです). The term is commonly associated with professional or familial caregiving roles and is a significant topic in Japan due to its aging population.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pair, Opposition

Reading

Kanji

対Against

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対 (たい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'opposition,' referring to a state of being against or in contrast to something. For example: opposition to the plan「計画に対する対」(けいかくにたいするたい). The second meaning is 'pair,' indicating a set of two items or people that are considered together. For example: a pair of shoes「靴の対」(くつのたい). The word can also be used in compound words to denote comparison or matching, such as '対照 (たいしょう)' (contrast) or '対戦 (たいせん)' (match, game).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1778

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike, Weakness

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '苦手 (にがて)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'weakness', referring to something one is not good at or struggles with. The second meaning is 'dislike', referring to something one does not enjoy or prefers to avoid. For example: I am weak at math「数学が苦手です」(すうがくがにがてです). I dislike spicy food「辛い食べ物が苦手です」(からいたべものがにがてです). This word is often used to express personal challenges or preferences in a polite or indirect manner.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1782

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stock

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株 (かぶ)' primarily refers to 'stock' in the context of shares or equities in a company. It is commonly used in financial and business settings. For example: I bought stocks「株を買いました」(かぶをかいました). The stock price went up「株価が上がりました」(かぶかがあがりました). Additionally, '株' can also refer to the stump or rootstock of a plant, but this usage is less common in everyday conversation. For example: The tree stump is still there「木の株がまだあります」(きのかぶがまだあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1783

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Kanji

貧Poor 乏Scanty, Scarce

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '貧乏 (びんぼう)' means 'poor' in the sense of lacking financial resources. It describes a state of poverty or being impoverished. This word is often used to describe individuals, families, or situations where there is a lack of money or material wealth. For example: he is poor「彼は貧乏だ」(かれはびんぼうだ). We grew up poor「私たちは貧乏に育った」(わたしたちはびんぼうにそだった). It can also be used in compound words like '貧乏人 (びんぼうにん)' (poor person) or '貧乏生活 (びんぼうせいかつ)' (life of poverty). Note that this word carries a neutral to slightly negative connotation and is not typically used in formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1784

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Writer

Reading

Kanji

作Make 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作家 (さっか)' refers to a 'writer' or 'author', specifically someone who creates literary works such as novels, essays, or poetry. This term is often used to describe professional writers who are recognized for their creative contributions to literature. For example: She is a famous writer「彼女は有名な作家です」(かのじょはゆうめいなさっかです). The writer published a new novel「その作家は新しい小説を出版しました」(そのさっかはあたらしいしょうせつをしゅっぱんしました). The word can also be used more broadly to describe creators in other artistic fields, such as playwrights or screenwriters, but it primarily emphasizes literary creation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1785

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Misfortune, Unhappiness

Reading

Kanji

不Not 幸Happiness

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不幸 (ふこう)' can mean both 'unhappiness' and 'misfortune'. It is used to describe a state of being unhappy or experiencing bad luck. This word is often used in contexts involving personal suffering, tragic events, or unfortunate circumstances. For example: She felt deep unhappiness「彼女は深い不幸を感じた」(かのじょはふかいふこうをかんじた). The family experienced great misfortune「その家族は大きな不幸に見舞われた」(そのかぞくはおおきなふこうにみまわれた). Note that '不幸' can also be used to describe someone's life or situation, as in '不幸な人生 (ふこうなじんせい) (unfortunate life)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1787

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Income

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '収入 (しゅうにゅう)' refers to 'income', which is the money or earnings received regularly from work, investments, or other sources. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal finance, business, or economics. For example: my monthly income is 300,000 yen「私の月収は30万円です」(わたしのげっしゅうはさんじゅうまんえんです). His income increased last year「彼の収入は去年増えました」(かれのしゅうにゅうはきょねんふえました). This word is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1791

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Men and women

Reading

Kanji

男Man 女Woman

Explanation

The Japanese noun '男女 (だんじょ)' refers to 'men and women' collectively. It is used to describe or refer to both genders together, often in contexts discussing gender-related topics, equality, or differences. For example: Men and women are equal「男女は平等だ」(だんじょはびょうどうだ). The event is open to both men and women「そのイベントは男女どちらでも参加できます」(そのイベントはだんじょどちらでもさんかできます). This term is neutral and can be used in formal or informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1792

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Electricity

Reading

Kanji

電Electricity 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '電気 (でんき)' primarily means 'electricity'. It refers to the form of energy resulting from the existence of charged particles, such as electrons or protons, either statically as an accumulation of charge or dynamically as a current. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts to refer to electrical power or lighting. For example: The electricity went out「電気が消えた」(でんきがきえた). I pay the electricity bill every month「毎月電気代を払う」(まいつきでんきだいをはらう). Additionally, '電気' can sometimes refer to electric appliances or devices, as in '電気製品 (でんきせいひん)' which means 'electrical appliances'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1796

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Clear, Definite

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 確Certain

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '明確 (めいかく)' means 'clear' or 'definite'. It is used to describe something that is precise, unambiguous, or clearly defined. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts to emphasize clarity or certainty. For example: The instructions were clear「指示は明確だった」(しじはめいかくだった). We need a definite answer「明確な答えが必要です」(めいかくなこたえがひつようです). Note that '明確' is often used to describe abstract concepts like ideas, plans, or explanations, rather than physical objects.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1798

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certainly

Reading

Kanji

是Right, Absolutely 非Mistake, Negative

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '是非 (ぜひ)' is used to express strong encouragement or a strong desire for something to happen. It can be translated as 'certainly', 'by all means', or 'definitely'. This word is often used when making requests or invitations, emphasizing the speaker's earnestness. For example: Please come by all means「是非来てください」(ぜひきてください). I definitely want to go「是非行きたいです」(ぜひいきたいです). It can also be used to express a strong recommendation, as in 'You should definitely try this dish'「この料理は是非食べてみてください」(このりょうりはぜひたべてみてください).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1802

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finance

Reading

Kanji

財Wealth 政Government, Politics

Explanation

The Japanese noun '財政 (ざいせい)' refers to 'finance' or 'financial affairs', particularly in the context of public or government finance. It is commonly used to discuss the financial condition, management, or policies of a government, organization, or institution. For example: The government's finances are in bad shape「政府の財政は悪い状態です」(せいふのざいせいはわるいじょうたいです). The city is struggling with its finances「市の財政が苦しい」(しのざいせいがくるしい). This term is often used in formal or administrative contexts and is distinct from personal or private finance, which would typically use terms like '家計 (かけい)' or '個人の財政 (こじんのざいせい)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1803

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

団Group, Association

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '団 (だん)' means 'group' or 'organization'. It is commonly used to form nouns that refer to organized groups of people, such as clubs, teams, or associations. For example: a sports team「スポーツ団」(すぽーつだん). a volunteer group「ボランティア団」(ぼらんてぃあだん). This suffix is often attached to nouns to indicate a collective or organized body. It can also carry a formal or official tone, depending on the context. Note that '団' is rarely used alone and typically appears as part of a compound word.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1808

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rise, Ascent

Reading

Kanji

上Up 昇Ascend, Rise up

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '上昇 (じょうしょう)' primarily means 'rise' or 'ascent'. It is used to describe an upward movement or increase in level, status, or quantity. This word is often used in contexts such as economics, physics, or general descriptions of upward motion. For example: The balloon's rise was rapid「風船の上昇は速かった」(ふうせんのじょうしょうははやかった). The stock market experienced a sharp rise「株価が急激に上昇した」(かぶかがきゅうげきにじょうしょうした). Note that '上昇' can also be used metaphorically, such as in describing a person's rise in status or rank.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1814

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ticket gate

Reading

Kanji

改Reform 札Tag, Bill 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '改札口 (かいさつぐち)' refers to the 'ticket gate' or 'ticket barrier' at train stations, subways, or other transit systems. It is the point where passengers pass through after inserting or scanning their tickets or transit cards. This term is commonly used in daily life, especially in urban areas with extensive public transportation systems. For example: The ticket gate is crowded「改札口は混雑している」(かいさつぐちはこんざつしている). Please meet me at the ticket gate「改札口で会いましょう」(かいさつぐちであいましょう). The word is a combination of '改札 (かいさつ)', meaning 'ticket inspection', and '口 (ぐち)', meaning 'entrance' or 'exit'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1816

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '全然 (ぜんぜん)' is commonly used to express 'not at all' or 'entirely not'. It is often used in negative sentences to emphasize the complete absence or negation of something. For example: I don't understand at all「全然わからない」(ぜんぜんわからない). This is not interesting at all「これは全然面白くない」(これはぜんぜんおもしろくない). It can also be used in casual speech to mean 'completely' or 'totally' in positive contexts, though this usage is more informal. For example: I'm completely fine「全然平気だよ」(ぜんぜんへいきだよ).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1817

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poem

Reading

Kanji

詩Poetry

Explanation

The Japanese noun '詩 (し)' means 'poem'. It refers to a piece of writing that expresses emotions, ideas, or experiences in a rhythmic and often metaphorical way. This word is commonly used in literary contexts and can refer to both traditional and modern forms of poetry. For example: I wrote a poem「詩を書いた」(しをかいた). This poem is beautiful「この詩は美しい」(このしはうつくしい). The term can also be used to describe the art or practice of writing poems, as in '詩を書く (しをかく) (to write poetry)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1818

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excuse, Rude

Reading

Kanji

失Lose, Fault 礼Bow, Salute

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '失礼 (しつれい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'rude', referring to behavior that is impolite or disrespectful. For example: That was rude「それは失礼でした」(それはしつれいでした). The second meaning is 'excuse', often used as a polite way to apologize or take leave. For example: Excuse me, I must leave now「失礼します、もう行かなければなりません」(しつれいします、もういかなければなりません). The word is commonly used in formal and casual settings to express politeness or acknowledge a social misstep.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1819

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quite

Reading

Kanji

随Follow, All 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '随分 (ずいぶん)' is used to express a considerable degree or extent of something, often implying that the degree is more than expected. It can be translated as 'quite', 'very', or 'considerably' in English. This word is often used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation. For example: It's quite cold today「今日は随分寒いですね」(きょうはずいぶんさむいですね). She has changed quite a bit「彼女は随分変わった」(かのじょはずいぶんかわった). Note that '随分' can sometimes carry a nuance of surprise or unexpectedness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1821

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Domain

Reading

Kanji

藩Fief, Fiefdom

Explanation

The Japanese noun '藩 (はん)' refers to a 'domain' or 'feudal domain' during the Edo period in Japan. It was a territory controlled by a daimyo (feudal lord) under the shogunate system. The term is historically significant and is often used in discussions about Japan's feudal era. For example: The domain was prosperous「その藩は繁栄していた」(そのはんははんえいしていた). He governed the domain「彼はその藩を治めた」(かれはそのはんをおさめた). The word is primarily used in historical contexts and is less common in modern everyday language.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1823

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Injection

Reading

Kanji

注Pour 射Shoot

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '注射 (ちゅうしゃ)' means 'injection'. It refers to the act of injecting a substance, such as a vaccine or medicine, into the body using a syringe. This term is commonly used in medical contexts. For example: I received a flu shot「私はインフルエンザの注射を打った」(わたしはインフルエンザのちゅうしゃをうった). The doctor gave me an injection「医者が私に注射をした」(いしゃがわたしにちゅうしゃをした). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something being introduced forcefully, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1824

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Government

Reading

Kanji

政Government, Politics 権Rights, Authority

Explanation

The Japanese noun '政権 (せいけん)' refers to a 'government' or 'political administration'. It specifically denotes the ruling authority or the group in power that governs a country or region. This term is often used in political discussions or news to describe the current administration or regime. For example: The government announced new policies「政権が新しい政策を発表した」(せいけんがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). The opposition criticized the government「野党が政権を批判した」(やとうがせいけんをひはんした). The term can also imply the authority or control held by a political party or leader.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1828

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Implementation, Introduction

Reading

Kanji

導Lead, Guide 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '導入 (どうにゅう)' can mean either 'introduction' or 'implementation', depending on the context. When used to mean 'introduction', it refers to the act of bringing something new into a system, environment, or discussion. For example: the introduction of new technology「新しい技術の導入」(あたらしいぎじゅつのどうにゅう). When used to mean 'implementation', it refers to the act of putting a plan or system into effect. For example: the implementation of new policies「新しい政策の導入」(あたらしいせいさくのどうにゅう). The word is often used in business, technology, and academic contexts to describe the process of adopting or applying something new.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1829

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tradition

Reading

Kanji

従Follow, Obey 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '従来 (じゅうらい)' refers to something that has been established or customary over time, often implying a sense of tradition or continuity. It is used to describe practices, methods, or ideas that have been in place for a long period. For example: We follow the traditional method「従来の方法に従います」(じゅうらいのほうほうにしたがいます). This approach is based on traditional practices「このアプローチは従来の慣習に基づいています」(このアプローチはじゅうらいのかんしゅうにもとづいています). The term can also imply a contrast with new or modern approaches, highlighting the difference between old and new ways of doing things.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1830

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effort

Reading

Kanji

努Toil 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '努力 (どりょく)' means 'effort'. It refers to the act of striving or working hard towards a goal. This word is often used in contexts where perseverance and dedication are emphasized. For example: He made an effort to learn Japanese「彼は日本語を学ぶために努力した」(かれはにほんごをまなぶためにどりょくした). Without effort, success is impossible「努力なしでは成功は不可能だ」(どりょくなしではせいこうはふかのうだ). The word can also be used in phrases like '努力家 (どりょくか)', which means 'hard worker' or 'diligent person'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1831

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plant

Reading

Kanji

植Plant 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '植物 (しょくぶつ)' means 'plant'. It refers to living organisms that typically grow in soil, have leaves, and produce their own food through photosynthesis. This word is commonly used in scientific, everyday, and educational contexts. For example: Plants need sunlight to grow「植物は成長するために日光が必要です」(しょくぶつはせいちょうするためににっこうがひつようです). I like studying about plants「私は植物について勉強するのが好きです」(わたしはしょくぶつについてべんきょうするのがすきです). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '植物園 (しょくぶつえん)' (botanical garden).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1833

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 思Think

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意思 (いし)' means 'intention' or 'will'. It refers to a person's conscious decision or desire to act in a certain way. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as legal documents, discussions about personal decisions, or expressing one's determination. For example: He has no intention of quitting「彼は辞める意思はない」(かれはやめるいしはない). She expressed her intention to help「彼女は助ける意思を示した」(かのじょはたすけるいしをしめした). It's important to note that '意思' is more formal than other similar words like '気持ち (きもち)' or '考え (かんがえ)', and it specifically emphasizes the conscious aspect of decision-making.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1835

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Processing, Disposal

Reading

Kanji

処Deal with 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '処理 (しょり)' primarily means 'processing' or 'disposal', depending on the context. It refers to the act of handling, managing, or dealing with something systematically. In a technical or industrial context, it often refers to data processing or material processing. In everyday usage, it can also mean the disposal of waste or resolving a situation. For example: data processing is important「データの処理は重要です」(データのしょりはじゅうようです). Please dispose of the garbage properly「ゴミを適切に処理してください」(ゴミをてきせつにしょりしてください). The nuance of '処理' often implies a systematic or methodical approach to handling tasks or materials.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1837

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compilation

Reading

Kanji

編Edit, Knit

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '編 (へん)' is used to denote a compilation, edition, or volume of something, often in the context of books, series, or collections. It is commonly attached to nouns to indicate a specific part or installment of a larger work. For example: the first volume of the series「シリーズの第一編」(シリーズのだいいっぺん). This is the final edition of the magazine「これは雑誌の最終編です」(これはざっしのさいしゅうへんです). The suffix can also imply a sense of organization or arrangement, as in a 'compilation of stories' (物語編, ものがたりへん).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1839

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Introduction

Reading

Kanji

紹Introduce 介Mediate, Jammed in

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '紹介 (しょうかい)' means 'introduction'. It is used to refer to the act of introducing someone or something to others. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts, such as introducing a person to a group, presenting a new concept, or recommending a product. For example: Let me introduce my friend「友達を紹介します」(ともだちをしょうかいします). This book is highly recommended「この本を紹介します」(このほんをしょうかいします). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '自己紹介 (じこしょうかい)' (self-introduction), which is often used when meeting someone for the first time.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1840

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Medicine

Reading

Kanji

医Doctor 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '医学 (いがく)' refers to the field or study of medicine. It encompasses the science and practice of diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. This term is often used in academic or professional contexts, such as when discussing medical research, education, or careers. For example: She is studying medicine「彼女は医学を勉強しています」(かのじょはいがくをべんきょうしています). Advances in medicine have saved many lives「医学の進歩は多くの命を救った」(いがくのしんぽはおおくのいのちをすくった). The word can also appear in compound terms like '医学部 (いがくぶ)' (medical department) or '医学博士 (いがくはくし)' (Doctor of Medicine).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1843

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Siblings

Reading

Kanji

兄Older brother 弟Younger brother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '兄弟 (きょうだい)' refers to siblings, including both brothers and sisters. It is a gender-neutral term that can be used to describe a group of siblings or to refer to one's own brothers and sisters collectively. For example: I have three siblings「私には兄弟が三人います」(わたしにはきょうだいがさんにんいます). My siblings are kind「私の兄弟は優しいです」(わたしのきょうだいはやさしいです). Note that '兄弟' can also be used in a broader sense to refer to close friends or comrades, implying a bond similar to that of siblings, though this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1844

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Invitation

Reading

Kanji

招Invite 待Wait

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '招待 (しょうたい)' means 'invitation'. It refers to the act of inviting someone to an event, gathering, or occasion. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as inviting someone to a party, meeting, or ceremony. For example: I received an invitation to the wedding「結婚式の招待を受けた」(けっこんしきのしょうたいをうけた). Please send an invitation to the guests「ゲストに招待状を送ってください」(ゲストにしょうたいじょうをおくってください). Note that '招待' can also be used as a verb in its stem form, such as '招待する (しょうたいする)', meaning 'to invite'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1846

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Books

Reading

Kanji

図Map 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '図書 (としょ)' refers to 'books'. It is a formal term often used in contexts like libraries or official documents. For example: The library has many books「図書館には図書がたくさんある」(としょかんにはとしょがたくさんある). Please return the books to the library「図書を図書館に返してください」(としょをとしょかんにかえしてください). This term is more formal than the everyday word '本 (ほん)', which also means 'books'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1848

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Everyone

Reading

Kanji

皆All 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皆様 (みなさま)' is a polite and respectful way to refer to 'everyone' or 'all of you'. It is often used in formal settings, speeches, or when addressing a group of people with respect. For example: Thank you, everyone「皆様、ありがとうございます」(みなさま、ありがとうございます). Everyone, please take care「皆様、お気をつけてください」(みなさま、おきをつけてください). The term is more formal than '皆 (みな)' and is commonly used in written communication or formal announcements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1853

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Philosophy

Reading

Kanji

哲Sagacious, Philosophy 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '哲学 (てつがく)' means 'philosophy'. It refers to the study of fundamental questions about existence, knowledge, values, reason, and more. This term is often used in academic or intellectual contexts. For example: He studies philosophy「彼は哲学を勉強している」(かれはてつがくをべんきょうしている). The philosophy of life is complex「人生の哲学は複雑だ」(じんせいのてつがくはふくざつだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's personal beliefs or approach to life, as in '彼の哲学はユニークだ (かれのてつがくはユニークだ) (His philosophy is unique).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1854

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reporter

Reading

Kanji

記Record 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '記者 (きしゃ)' refers to a 'reporter' or 'journalist', someone who gathers and reports news. This term is commonly used in the context of news media, such as newspapers, television, and online platforms. For example: The reporter asked many questions「記者はたくさんの質問をした」(きしゃはたくさんのしつもんをした). She works as a reporter for a newspaper「彼女は新聞の記者として働いている」(かのじょはしんぶんのきしゃとしてはたらいている). The word is neutral and can refer to reporters in any field, including politics, sports, or entertainment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1856

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prime minister

Reading

Kanji

首Neck 相Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '首相 (しゅしょう)' refers to the 'prime minister', who is the head of government in Japan. This term is specifically used to denote the leader of the cabinet and the chief executive of the country. The prime minister is appointed by the emperor after being designated by the National Diet. For example: The prime minister held a press conference「首相は記者会見を行った」(しゅしょうはきしゃかいけんをおこなった). The prime minister visited the disaster area「首相は被災地を訪れた」(しゅしょうはひさいちをおとずれた). It's important to note that '首相' is a formal title and is used in both written and spoken contexts when referring to the head of the government.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1857

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Love

Reading

Kanji

愛Love

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '愛 (あい)' means 'love'. It refers to a deep feeling of affection, care, or attachment towards someone or something. This word is often used in both romantic and non-romantic contexts, such as love for family, friends, or even hobbies. For example: I love my family「私は家族を愛しています」(わたしはかぞくをあいしています). Love is important in life「愛は人生で大切です」(あいはじんせいでたいせつです). The word can also be used in compound words like '愛犬 (あいけん)' (beloved dog) or '愛国心 (あいこくしん)' (patriotism).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1858

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Public

Reading

Kanji

公Public 共Together

Explanation

The Japanese noun '公共 (こうきょう)' refers to something that is related to the community or society as a whole, often implying a sense of shared responsibility or common interest. It is commonly used in contexts involving public services, facilities, or welfare. For example: public transportation「公共の交通機関」(こうきょうのこうつうきかん). Public safety is important「公共の安全は大切です」(こうきょうのあんぜんはたいせつです). This term emphasizes the collective aspect of society and is often used in formal or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1859

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出身 (しゅっしん)' refers to a person's origin, birthplace, or where they come from. It is commonly used to describe someone's hometown, alma mater, or background. For example: I am from Tokyo「私は東京出身です」(わたしはとうきょうしゅっしんです). She is a graduate of Kyoto University「彼女は京都大学出身です」(かのじょはきょうとだいがくしゅっしんです). This word is often used in introductions or when discussing someone's background. It can also imply a sense of identity or pride in one's roots.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1862

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Birthday

Reading

Kanji

誕Birth 生Life 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '誕生日 (たんじょうび)' means 'birthday'. It refers to the anniversary of the day a person was born. This word is commonly used in celebrations, greetings, and gifts. For example: Happy birthday!「誕生日おめでとう！」(たんじょうびおめでとう！). Today is my birthday「今日は私の誕生日です」(きょうはわたしのたんじょうびです). The word is often paired with celebratory phrases or activities, such as '誕生日ケーキ (たんじょうびケーキ) (birthday cake)' or '誕生日プレゼント (たんじょうびプレゼント) (birthday present).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effective

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有効 (ゆうこう)' means 'effective'. It is used to describe something that is valid, in effect, or producing the desired result. This term is commonly used in contexts such as legal documents, contracts, or when discussing the efficacy of methods, strategies, or treatments. For example: This coupon is still effective「このクーポンはまだ有効です」(このクーポンはまだゆうこうです). The new policy is effective from today「新しいポリシーは今日から有効です」(あたらしいポリシーはきょうからゆうこうです). It can also be used to describe something that is useful or functional, as in '有効な手段 (ゆうこうなしゅだん) (effective means)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1864

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word

Reading

Kanji

一One 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一言 (ひとこと)' literally means 'one word' or 'a single word'. It is often used to refer to a brief comment, remark, or statement. This word is commonly used when someone wants to emphasize the importance of a short but meaningful message. For example: Please let me say one word「一言言わせてください」(ひとこといわせてください). He left without a word「彼は一言も言わずに去った」(かれはひとこともいわずにさった). It can also be used in phrases like '一言で言うと (ひとことでいうと)' which means 'in a word' or 'to put it briefly'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1865

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Holiday

Reading

Kanji

祝Celebrate 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '祝日 (しゅくじつ)' refers to a national holiday or public holiday in Japan. These are days officially recognized by the government, during which many businesses and schools are closed. Examples include New Year's Day (元日), Coming of Age Day (成人の日), and Culture Day (文化の日). For example: Tomorrow is a national holiday「明日は祝日です」(あしたはしゅくじつです). We have a day off because it's a public holiday「祝日なので休みです」(しゅくじつなのでやすみです). Note that '祝日' specifically refers to holidays established by law, as opposed to '休日 (きゅうじつ)', which can refer to any day off, including weekends.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1866

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Girl

Reading

Kanji

女Woman 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '女子 (じょし)' means 'girl' or 'young woman'. It is commonly used to refer to female individuals, typically in their youth or adolescence. This term is often used in contexts such as schools, sports teams, or events specifically for girls. For example: She is a high school girl「彼女は高校の女子です」(かのじょはこうこうのじょしです). The girls' soccer team won the match「女子サッカーチームが試合に勝った」(じょしサッカーチームがしあいにかった). Note that '女子' can also be used in compound words, such as '女子学生 (じょしがくせい)' (female student) or '女子校 (じょしこう)' (girls' school).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1868

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World, Society

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世間 (せけん)' refers to 'society' or 'the world' in a broad sense, often implying the social environment, public opinion, or the general community. It carries a nuance of the collective perspective or norms of people in society. For example: society is harsh「世間は厳しい」(せけんはきびしい). I don't care about what the world thinks「世間の目は気にしない」(せけんのめはきにしない). The word can also imply the boundaries of one's social circle or the realm of everyday life, as in: he is well-known in society「彼は世間に知られている」(かれはせけんにしられている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1869

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Step

Reading

Kanji

歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '歩 (ほ)' is used to indicate a unit of measurement for steps or walking distance. It is often used in contexts related to walking, such as counting steps or measuring distances in terms of steps. For example: I walked 10,000 steps today「今日は1万歩歩きました」(きょうはいちまんほあるきました). The park is about 500 steps away from here「公園はここから約500歩です」(こうえんはここからやくごひゃくほです). This suffix is commonly used in health and fitness contexts to track physical activity.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1873

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nurse

Reading

Kanji

看Watch 護Protect, Defend 婦Lady

Explanation

The Japanese noun '看護婦 (かんごふ)' specifically refers to a 'female nurse'. This term is used to describe a woman who is trained to care for the sick or infirm, especially in a hospital setting. Historically, this term was commonly used, but in modern Japanese, the gender-neutral term '看護師 (かんごし)' is preferred to refer to nurses of any gender. Example sentences: The nurse is kind「看護婦は優しい」(かんごふはやさしい). She became a nurse「彼女は看護婦になった」(かのじょはかんごふになった). Note that while '看護婦' is still understood, it is considered outdated in professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1876

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Background

Reading

Kanji

背Back, Height 景Scene

Explanation

The Japanese noun '背景 (はいけい)' primarily means 'background'. It can refer to the physical background of a scene or image, such as in photography or art, or the contextual background of a situation, such as historical, social, or personal circumstances. For example: The background of the photo is beautiful「写真の背景は美しい」(しゃしんのはいけいはうつくしい). Understanding the historical background is important「歴史的背景を理解することが重要だ」(れきしてきはいけいをりかいすることがじゅうようだ). This word is versatile and can be used in various contexts to describe the setting or circumstances surrounding a subject.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1877

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surroundings

Reading

Kanji

周Circumference 辺Boundary, Vicinity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '周辺 (しゅうへん)' refers to the area or surroundings around a specific location. It is commonly used to describe the vicinity or environment near a place. For example: The surroundings of the park are quiet「公園の周辺は静かです」(こうえんのしゅうへんはしずかです). The area around the station is busy「駅の周辺は賑やかです」(えきのしゅうへんはにぎやかです). This word can also be used in a broader sense to describe the periphery or outskirts of a city or region.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trouble

Reading

Kanji

迷Perplexed, Astray 惑Beguile, Bewildered

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '迷惑 (めいわく)' primarily means 'trouble' or 'inconvenience'. It is used to describe a situation where someone's actions cause annoyance, difficulty, or distress to others. This word often carries a nuance of being bothered or inconvenienced by someone else's behavior. For example: I caused trouble to my neighbor「私は隣人に迷惑をかけた」(わたしはりんじんにめいわくをかけた). Loud noises at night are a nuisance「夜の騒音は迷惑だ」(よるのそうおんはめいわくだ). It is commonly used in expressions like '迷惑をかける (めいわくをかける)' which means 'to cause trouble/inconvenience to someone'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1882

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Generation

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世代 (せだい)' refers to a 'generation', typically used to describe a group of people born and living around the same time. It can also refer to a stage in a sequence of technological or cultural developments. For example: the younger generation is very tech-savvy「若い世代はとてもテクノロジーに詳しい」(わかいせだいはとてもテクノロジーにくわしい). This product is popular among the older generation「この商品は年配の世代に人気です」(このしょうひんはねんぱいのせだいににんきです). The word is often used in discussions about societal trends, family lineage, or technological advancements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1885

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Detective, Criminal case

Reading

Kanji

刑Punish 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '刑事 (けいじ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to a 'detective', a person who investigates crimes. For example: The detective solved the case「刑事が事件を解決した」(けいじがじけんをかいけつした). The second meaning refers to a 'criminal case', which is a legal matter involving a crime. For example: He is involved in a criminal case「彼は刑事に関わっている」(かれはけいじにかかわっている). It's important to note that the context in which '刑事' is used will determine whether it refers to a person (detective) or a legal matter (criminal case).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1888

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Underground, Basement

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地下 (ちか)' can mean either 'basement' or 'underground', depending on the context. When referring to a building, it typically means 'basement', as in the lower level of a structure. For example: the restaurant is in the basement「レストランは地下にある」(れすとらんはちかにある). When used in a broader sense, it can refer to anything underground, such as subway systems or underground facilities. For example: the train runs underground「電車は地下を走る」(でんしゃはちかをはしる). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so it's important to consider the surrounding text to determine the exact meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Savings

Reading

Kanji

貯Savings 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '貯金 (ちょきん)' refers to the act of saving money or the money that has been saved. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal finance, banking, or setting aside funds for future use. For example: I am saving money for a trip「旅行のために貯金しています」(りょこうのためにちょきんしています). She has a lot of savings「彼女はたくさん貯金があります」(かのじょはたくさんちょきんがあります). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '貯金箱 (ちょきんばこ)' (piggy bank) or '貯金通帳 (ちょきんつうちょう)' (savings passbook).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1893

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stage

Reading

Kanji

舞Dance 台Pedestal, Machine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '舞台 (ぶたい)' primarily means 'stage' as in a physical platform where performances take place. It is commonly used in contexts related to theater, concerts, and other performances. For example: The actor stood on the stage「俳優は舞台に立った」(はいゆうはぶたいにたった). The play will be performed on this stage「この舞台でその劇が上演される」(このぶたいでそのげきがじょうえんされる). Additionally, '舞台' can metaphorically refer to a setting or scene where significant events occur, such as in '人生の舞台 (じんせいのぶたい)' (the stage of life). This word is versatile and deeply embedded in both literal and figurative Japanese expressions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1894

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Good, Pride

Reading

Kanji

得Acquire 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '得意 (とくい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'good', referring to being skilled or proficient at something. For example: I am good at math「私は数学が得意です」(わたしはすうがくがとくいです). The second meaning is 'pride', referring to something one takes pride in or is proud of. For example: This dish is my pride「この料理は私の得意です」(このりょうりはわたしのとくいです). The word is often used to describe skills, abilities, or areas of expertise, and can also imply a sense of confidence or satisfaction in one's abilities.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1897

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Convenience, Circumstances

Reading

Kanji

都Metropolis 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '都合 (つごう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'circumstances,' referring to the conditions or factors affecting a situation. For example: Due to unforeseen circumstances, the event was canceled「都合により、イベントは中止されました」(つごうにより、イベントはちゅうしされました). The second meaning is 'convenience,' referring to what is suitable or practical for someone. For example: Please let me know your convenience「ご都合をお知らせください」(ごつごうをおしらせください). This word is often used in formal or polite contexts to discuss schedules, availability, or reasons for decisions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1900

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Iron

Reading

Kanji

鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鉄 (てつ)' refers to the metal 'iron'. It is used in various contexts, from describing the material itself to objects made of iron. For example: This bridge is made of iron「この橋は鉄でできている」(このはしはてつでできている). Iron is strong「鉄は強い」(てつはつよい). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '鉄道 (てつどう)' (railway) or '鉄筋 (てっきん)' (reinforcing steel). In Japanese culture, iron has historical significance, often associated with strength and durability.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1901

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crisis

Reading

Kanji

危Dangerous 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '危機 (きき)' means 'crisis'. It refers to a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger, often requiring immediate action or decision. This word is commonly used in contexts such as economic crises, environmental crises, or personal crises. For example: The country is facing an economic crisis「その国は経済危機に直面している」(そのくにはけいざいききにちょくめんしている). We must act quickly to avoid a crisis「危機を避けるために迅速に行動しなければならない」(ききをさけるためにじんそくにこうどうしなければならない). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a critical turning point or moment of decision.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting