Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Day after tomorrow

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 後After, Behind 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '明々後日 (しあさって)' refers to 'the day after tomorrow'. This word is used to specify a day that is two days after the current day. It is a more formal or specific term compared to '明後日 (あさって)', which also means 'the day after tomorrow'. Example sentences include: I will visit you the day after tomorrow「明々後日にあなたを訪ねます」(しあさってにあなたをたずねます). The meeting is scheduled for the day after tomorrow「会議は明々後日に予定されています」(かいぎはしあさってによていされています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2454

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stomach

Reading

Kanji

御Honorable, General honorific term 腹Abdomen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '御腹 (おなか)' means 'stomach'. This word is commonly used to refer to the physical stomach or abdomen area of a person or animal. It can also be used more generally to talk about hunger or the state of one's stomach. For example: my stomach is full「私の御腹はいっぱいです」(わたしのおなかはいっぱいです). I have a stomach ache「御腹が痛いです」(おなかがいたいです). The term is polite and often used in everyday conversation. It is important to note that '御腹' is a more formal or polite version of '腹 (はら)', which also means 'stomach' but is less formal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2455

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last night

Reading

Kanji

昨Yesterday, Previous 晩Evening, Nightfall

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昨晩 (さくばん)' means 'last night'. It is used to refer to the night before the current day. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to talk about events or actions that occurred the previous night. For example: I met him last night「昨晩彼に会いました」(さくばんかれにあいました). Did you sleep well last night?「昨晩はよく眠れましたか？」(さくばんはよくねむれましたか？). Note that '昨晩' is a specific time reference and is often used in past-tense sentences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2456

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Creation

Reading

Kanji

創Create 造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese noun '創造 (そうぞう)' means 'creation'. It refers to the act of bringing something into existence, often used in contexts involving art, innovation, or the universe. For example: the creation of the universe「宇宙の創造」(うちゅうのそうぞう). This word can also imply a sense of originality and imagination, as in: the creation of new ideas「新しいアイデアの創造」(あたらしいアイデアのそうぞう). It is commonly used in both artistic and scientific contexts to denote the process of making something new and unique.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2458

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Violence

Reading

Kanji

暴Violent, Outburst 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '暴力 (ぼうりょく)' means 'violence'. It refers to the use of physical force to harm or damage someone or something. This word is often used in contexts related to crime, conflict, or abuse. For example: Violence is not the answer「暴力は答えではない」(ぼうりょくはこたえではない). He was arrested for domestic violence「彼は家庭内暴力で逮捕された」(かれはかていないぼうりょくでたいほされた). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe forceful or aggressive actions in non-physical contexts, such as 'verbal violence' or 'structural violence'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eating out

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '外食 (がいしょく)' refers to the act of eating out or dining outside the home, typically at restaurants, cafes, or other food establishments. It is commonly used to describe the practice of consuming meals prepared by others rather than cooking at home. For example: I often eat out「私はよく外食します」(わたしはよくがいしょくします). Eating out is convenient「外食は便利です」(がいしょくはべんりです). This term is often used in contexts discussing lifestyle, convenience, or dietary habits.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2462

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Event

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 来Come 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出来事 (できごと)' means 'event' or 'incident'. It refers to something that happens or occurs, often with a sense of significance or importance. This word is commonly used to describe notable occurrences, whether they are personal, historical, or everyday events. For example: That was an unexpected event「それは予期しない出来事だった」(それはよきしないできごとだった). The events of that day changed everything「その日の出来事がすべてを変えた」(そのひのできごとがすべてをかえた). The word can also imply a sense of narrative or story, as in 'a series of events'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2463

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earnest

Reading

Kanji

懸Suspend 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '懸命 (けんめい)' means 'earnest' or 'doing one's utmost'. It describes a state of putting in great effort or being very serious about something. This term is often used to commend someone's dedication or hard work. For example: He is earnest in his studies「彼は勉強に懸命だ」(かれはべんきょうにけんめいだ). She worked hard to achieve her goal「彼女は目標を達成するために懸命に働いた」(かのじょはもくひょうをたっせいするためにけんめいにはたらいた). The word can also imply a sense of desperation or urgency in certain contexts, highlighting the intensity of the effort being made.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Murder

Reading

Kanji

殺Kill 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '殺人 (さつじん)' means 'murder'. It refers to the act of intentionally killing another person. This word is often used in legal, criminal, or dramatic contexts. For example: The detective solved the murder「探偵は殺人を解決した」(たんていはさつじんをかいけつした). The movie is about a series of murders「その映画は連続殺人についてです」(そのえいがはれんぞくさつじんについてです). Note that '殺人' is a formal term and is not used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2468

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Right hand

Reading

Kanji

右Right 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '右手 (みぎて)' means 'right hand'. It refers specifically to the hand on the right side of the body. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts to describe actions or positions involving the right hand. For example: I write with my right hand「私は右手で書きます」(わたしはみぎてでかきます). He raised his right hand「彼は右手を上げた」(かれはみぎてをあげた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is supportive or helpful, as in 'right-hand man' (though this is less common in Japanese).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2469

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loanword

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 来Come 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外来語 (がいらいご)' refers to a 'loanword', which is a word adopted from a foreign language and incorporated into Japanese. These words are often written in katakana to distinguish them from native Japanese words or Sino-Japanese vocabulary. Loanwords are commonly derived from English, Portuguese, Dutch, and other languages, reflecting Japan's historical and cultural exchanges. For example: 'computer' is a loanword「コンピュータは外来語です」(コンピュータはがいらいごです). 'Bread' is also a loanword「パンは外来語です」(パンはがいらいごです). Loanwords are widely used in modern Japanese, especially in fields like technology, fashion, and food.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2471

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

English writing

Reading

Kanji

英England, Distinguished 文Sentence

Explanation

The Japanese noun '英文 (えいぶん)' refers to 'English writing' or 'text written in English'. It is commonly used to describe documents, articles, or any written material composed in the English language. For example: This is an English document「これは英文です」(これはえいぶんです). I read an English article「英文の記事を読みました」(えいぶんのきじをよみました). The term is often used in academic, professional, or formal contexts to specify that the content is in English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2472

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plural

Reading

Kanji

複Duplicate 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '複数 (ふくすう)' means 'plural'. It is used to refer to more than one of something, often in contrast to '単数 (たんすう)' which means 'singular'. This term is commonly used in grammar, mathematics, and general contexts where distinguishing between one and multiple items is necessary. For example: there are plural answers to this question「この質問には複数の答えがある」(このしつもんにはふくすうのこたえがある). The committee consists of plural members「委員会は複数のメンバーで構成されている」(いいんかいはふくすうのメンバーでこうせいされている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2475

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opening

Reading

Kanji

開Open 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '開会 (かいかい)' refers to the act of opening or commencing a meeting, conference, or event. It is commonly used in formal contexts to denote the start of organized gatherings. For example: The opening of the conference will be at 10 AM「開会は午前10時です」(かいかい は ごぜん じゅうじ です). The chairman declared the meeting open「議長が開会を宣言しました」(ぎちょう が かいかい を せんげん しました). This term is often paired with words like 'ceremony' or 'speech' to specify the nature of the opening event, such as '開会式 (かいかいしき) (opening ceremony)' or '開会の挨拶 (かいかい の あいさつ) (opening speech).'

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2478

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Basis, Grounds

Reading

Kanji

根Root 拠Basis, Based on

Explanation

The Japanese noun '根拠 (こんきょ)' refers to the foundation, basis, or grounds for something, such as an argument, belief, or decision. It implies a logical or factual support for a claim or idea. This word is often used in formal or academic contexts. For example: There is no basis for that claim「その主張には根拠がない」(そのしゅちょうにはこんきょがない). The grounds for this decision are unclear「この決定の根拠は不明だ」(このけっていのこんきょはふめいだ). Note that '根拠' is distinct from similar words like '理由 (りゆう)' (reason) or '原因 (げんいん)' (cause), as it specifically emphasizes the evidence or foundation supporting something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2479

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sword

Reading

Kanji

剣Sword

Explanation

The Japanese noun '剣 (けん)' refers to a 'sword'. This term is used to describe a bladed weapon typically used in combat or martial arts. It carries historical and cultural significance in Japan, often associated with samurai and traditional Japanese swordsmanship. Example sentences: He wielded a sharp sword「彼は鋭い剣を振るった」(かれはするどいけんをふるった). The sword is a symbol of the samurai「剣は侍の象徴だ」(けんはさむらいのしょうちょうだ). Note that '剣' can also appear in compound words, such as '剣術 (けんじゅつ)' meaning 'swordsmanship'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2480

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Working adult

Reading

Kanji

社Company 会Meet 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社会人 (しゃかいじん)' refers to a 'working adult' or someone who is part of society as a working member. It typically describes individuals who have graduated from school and are employed, distinguishing them from students or those not yet in the workforce. This term emphasizes the transition into societal responsibilities and professional life. Example sentences: He became a working adult last year「彼は去年社会人になりました」(かれはきょねんしゃかいじんになりました). As a working adult, I have to manage my time wisely「社会人として、時間をうまく管理しなければならない」(しゃかいじんとして、じかんをうまくかんりしなければならない).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2483

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Magazine

Reading

Kanji

誌Magazine, Document

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '誌 (し)' is used to refer to a magazine or periodical. It is typically attached to the end of a word to indicate that it is a type of publication. For example: fashion magazine「ファッション誌」(ふぁっしょんし). Weekly magazine「週刊誌」(しゅうかんし). This suffix is commonly used in the names of magazines and other periodicals, and it helps to specify the type of content or focus of the publication.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2485

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moment

Reading

Kanji

途Way, Route 端End, Edge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '途端 (とたん)' refers to the exact moment when something happens, often implying an immediate or sudden change. It is commonly used in the structure '～た途端に' to describe an action or event that occurs right after another. For example: The moment I sat down, the phone rang「座った途端に電話が鳴った」(すわったとたんにでんわがなった). The moment he left, it started raining「彼が出た途端に雨が降り始めた」(かれがでたとたんにあめがふりはじめた). This word emphasizes the immediacy of the second action following the first.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2486

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Member

Reading

Kanji

一One 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一員 (いちいん)' means 'member'. It refers to someone who is part of a group, team, or organization. This word is often used in formal or collective contexts, such as being a member of a company, club, or committee. For example: He is a member of the team「彼はチームの一員です」(かれはチームのいちいんです). She became a member of the committee「彼女は委員会の一員になりました」(かのじょはいいんかいのいちいんになりました). The word emphasizes the individual's role as part of a larger whole.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2487

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proxy

Reading

Kanji

代Substitute, Era 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '代理 (だいり)' means 'proxy' or 'substitute'. It refers to someone who acts on behalf of another person, often in a formal or official capacity. This term is commonly used in business, legal, and administrative contexts. For example: I will attend the meeting as a proxy「私は代理で会議に出席します」(わたしはだいりでかいぎにしゅっせきします). The lawyer acted as a proxy for the client「弁護士は依頼人の代理を務めた」(べんごしはいらいにんのだいりをつとめた). In some cases, it can also refer to a temporary replacement or stand-in, such as a substitute teacher「代理の先生」(だいりのせんせい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2491

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Key

Reading

Kanji

鍵Key

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鍵 (かぎ)' means 'key'. It refers to a physical object used to lock or unlock something, such as a door, a safe, or a car. This word is commonly used in everyday situations. For example: I lost my key「鍵をなくしました」(かぎをなくしました). Do you have the key to this door?「このドアの鍵を持っていますか？」(このドアのかぎをもっていますか？). Additionally, '鍵' can also metaphorically refer to something essential or crucial, as in 'the key to success' (成功の鍵, せいこうのかぎ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2492

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countries

Reading

Kanji

諸Many, Various 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '諸国 (しょこく)' refers to 'countries' or 'nations', often used in a plural sense to denote multiple countries collectively. It is commonly used in formal or historical contexts to refer to various nations or regions. For example: trade relations with various countries「諸国との貿易関係」(しょこくとのぼうえきかんけい). The cultures of many countries「諸国の文化」(しょこくのぶんか). This term is often seen in historical texts or discussions about international relations, emphasizing a collective or comparative perspective on nations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2493

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flame

Reading

Kanji

炎Flame, Blaze

Explanation

The Japanese noun '炎 (ほのお)' means 'flame'. It refers to the visible, gaseous part of a fire, often characterized by its brightness and heat. This word is commonly used to describe the flames of a fire, whether natural or man-made. For example: the flame of the candle is beautiful「ろうそくの炎は美しい」(ろうそくのほのおはうつくしい). The flames rose high into the sky「炎が空高く上がった」(ほのおがそらたかくあがった). It can also be used metaphorically to describe intense emotions or passion, such as 'the flame of love'「愛の炎」(あいのほのお).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2494

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Navy

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '海軍 (かいぐん)' refers to the 'navy', which is the branch of a country's armed forces that conducts military operations at sea. It is used to describe the organization, ships, and personnel involved in maritime warfare and defense. For example: The navy protects the country「海軍は国を守る」(かいぐんはくにをまもる). He joined the navy「彼は海軍に入った」(かれはかいぐんにはいった). This term is specific to military contexts and should not be confused with other maritime organizations or civilian shipping.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2496

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance, Participation

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出場 (しゅつじょう)' refers to the act of participating or appearing in an event, competition, or performance. It is commonly used in contexts such as sports, contests, or public events. For example: He will participate in the marathon「彼はマラソンに出場する」(かれはマラソンにしゅつじょうする). She made her first appearance in the national competition「彼女は全国大会に初出場した」(かのじょはぜんこくたいかいにはつしゅつじょうした). The word emphasizes the act of being present or taking part in a formal or organized setting.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2497

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Current

Reading

Kanji

現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '現 (げん)' means 'current' or 'present'. It is commonly used to indicate something that is in the present time or currently existing. This prefix is often attached to nouns to form compound words. For example: current situation「現状」(げんじょう), current location「現地」(げんち), current president「現大統領」(げんだいとうりょう). It can also be used in phrases like 'the current state of affairs'「現状の状況」(げんじょうのじょうきょう). The prefix is versatile and widely used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2499

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alighting

Reading

Kanji

下Down 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '下車 (げしゃ)' means 'alighting' or 'getting off' a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or car. It is commonly used in transportation contexts, particularly in announcements or signs. For example: Please get off at the next station「次の駅で下車してください」(つぎのえきでげしゃしてください). This term is often paired with '乗車 (じょうしゃ)' (boarding) to describe the complete process of getting on and off a vehicle. Another example: Alighting is prohibited here「ここでは下車禁止です」(ここではげしゃきんしです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2501

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daytime

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼 (ひる)' refers to the period of the day when the sun is up, typically from morning until evening. It is often used to describe the time around noon or the afternoon. For example: I will go shopping during the daytime「昼に買い物に行きます」(ひるにかいものにいきます). Let's have lunch at noon「昼に昼ごはんを食べましょう」(ひるにひるごはんをたべましょう). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '昼休み (ひるやすみ)' which means 'lunch break' or 'midday break'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2502

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leeway

Reading

Kanji

余Excess 裕Abundant

Explanation

The Japanese noun '余裕 (よゆう)' primarily means 'leeway' or 'margin'. It refers to having extra time, space, or resources beyond what is strictly necessary. This word is often used to describe a state of having enough capacity to handle something comfortably, or to indicate a relaxed attitude due to having ample resources. For example: There is enough leeway in the schedule「スケジュールに余裕がある」(スケジュールによゆうがある). He has the leeway to take on another project「彼は別のプロジェクトを引き受ける余裕がある」(かれはべつのプロジェクトをひきうけるよゆうがある). Additionally, '余裕' can imply a sense of composure or calmness, as in: She answered with composure「彼女は余裕を持って答えた」(かのじょはよゆうをもってこたえた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2503

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh 顔Face

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑顔 (えがお)' means 'smile'. It specifically refers to a smiling face or expression, often conveying happiness, friendliness, or warmth. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe someone's cheerful or kind demeanor. For example: Her smile is beautiful「彼女の笑顔は美しい」(かのじょのえがおはうつくしい). I want to see your smile「あなたの笑顔が見たいです」(あなたのえがおがみたいです). The word '笑顔' is often associated with positive emotions and is frequently used in expressions of encouragement or gratitude.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2504

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地元 (じもと)' refers to one's hometown or local area. It is commonly used to describe the place where someone was born, raised, or currently resides. This word carries a sense of familiarity and belonging. For example: I went back to my hometown「地元に帰りました」(じもとにかえりました). The local festival is fun「地元のお祭りは楽しい」(じもとのおまつりはたのしい). It can also refer to a local community or area in a broader sense, such as supporting local businesses「地元の店を応援する」(じもとのみせをおうえんする).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2505

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insect

Reading

Kanji

虫Insect

Explanation

The Japanese noun '虫 (むし)' primarily means 'insect'. It refers to small creatures like bugs, beetles, or worms. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe a gut feeling or intuition, as in '虫の知らせ (むしのしらせ)' (a premonition). Example sentences: There is an insect on the leaf「葉っぱに虫がいる」(はっぱにむしがいる). I have a bad feeling about this「虫の知らせで嫌な予感がする」(むしのしらせでいやなよかんがする). Note that '虫' is often used in compound words, such as '蝶々 (ちょうちょう)' (butterfly) or '蜂 (はち)' (bee).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2506

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Traffic, Transportation

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '交通 (こうつう)' primarily refers to 'traffic' or 'transportation'. It is used to describe the movement of vehicles, people, or goods from one place to another. This term is often used in contexts related to roads, public transport, and commuting. For example: The traffic is heavy today「今日は交通が混んでいる」(きょうはこうつうがこんでいる). Public transportation is convenient in this city「この街では交通が便利だ」(このまちではこうつうがべんりだ). The word can also be used in compound terms like '交通事故 (こうつうじこ)' (traffic accident) or '交通機関 (こうつうきかん)' (transportation system).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2507

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Worst

Reading

Kanji

最Most 低Low

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最低 (さいてい)' means 'worst' or 'lowest'. It is used to describe something that is of the lowest quality, standard, or moral level. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a terrible experience, a poor performance, or someone's behavior. For example: That movie was the worst「あの映画は最低だった」(あのえいがはさいていだった). His attitude is the worst「彼の態度は最低だ」(かれのたいどはさいていだ). It can also be used to express strong disapproval or disappointment, as in '最低な人 (さいていなひと) (the worst person)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2509

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Calligraphy

Reading

Kanji

書Write 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書道 (しょどう)' refers to the art of calligraphy, which is the practice of writing characters with a brush and ink in a stylized and artistic manner. This traditional art form is highly respected in Japan and is often practiced as a form of meditation and self-discipline. Example sentences: I practice calligraphy every day「私は毎日書道を練習します」(わたしはまいにちしょどうをれんしゅうします). Calligraphy is a beautiful art「書道は美しい芸術です」(しょどうはうつくしいげいじゅつです). The teacher is skilled in calligraphy「先生は書道が上手です」(せんせいはしょどうがじょうずです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2510

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immediately after

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '直後 (ちょくご)' means 'immediately after.' It refers to the period right after an event or action has occurred. This word is often used to describe the timing of an event in relation to another. Example: Immediately after the earthquake, there was a tsunami 「地震の直後、津波が来た」 (じしんのちょくご、つなみがきた). He called me immediately after the meeting 「会議の直後に彼は私に電話をかけた」 (かいぎのちょくごにかれはわたしにでんわをかけた). '直後' is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to indicate the immediate sequence of events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2511

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desk

Reading

Kanji

机Desk, Table

Explanation

The Japanese noun '机 (つくえ)' means 'desk'. It refers to a piece of furniture with a flat surface, typically used for writing, reading, or working. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in homes, schools, or offices. For example: There is a desk in my room「私の部屋に机があります」(わたしのへやにつくえがあります). I study at my desk「机で勉強します」(つくえでべんきょうします). The word '机' is often paired with other words to specify the type of desk, such as '学習机 (がくしゅうづくえ)' (study desk) or 'オフィス机 (オフィスづくえ)' (office desk).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2512

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crossroads

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 字Character 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '十字路 (じゅうじろ)' refers to a 'crossroads' or an intersection where two roads cross each other, typically forming a cross shape. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. In a literal sense, it describes a physical intersection, while metaphorically, it can signify a point of decision or a critical juncture in life. Example sentences include: At the crossroads, turn left「十字路で左に曲がってください」(じゅうじろでひだりにまがってください). Life is full of crossroads「人生には十字路がたくさんある」(じんせいにはじゅうじろがたくさんある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2513

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Love

Reading

Kanji

恋Love, Romance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '恋 (こい)' refers to romantic love or being in love. It specifically describes the deep emotional attachment or affection one feels towards another person, often with a focus on the passionate or longing aspects of love. This term is commonly used in contexts involving romantic relationships, crushes, or unrequited love. For example: I am in love with her「彼女に恋をしている」(かのじょにこいをしている). This is a love song「これは恋の歌です」(これはこいのうたです). Note that '恋' is distinct from other types of love, such as familial love (愛, あい), and often carries a sense of yearning or desire.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2515

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Samurai

Reading

Kanji

武Military 士Samurai

Explanation

The Japanese noun '武士 (ぶし)' refers to a 'samurai', a member of the warrior class in feudal Japan. Samurai were known for their strict adherence to the code of bushido, which emphasized honor, discipline, and loyalty. They were skilled in martial arts and often served as retainers to daimyo (feudal lords). Example sentences: The samurai was very brave「武士はとても勇敢だった」(ぶしはとてもゆうかんだった). The samurai carried a sword「武士は刀を持っていた」(ぶしはかたなをもっていた). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who embodies the qualities of a samurai, such as bravery and honor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Signal

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 図Map

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合図 (あいず)' means 'signal'. It refers to a gesture, sound, or action used to communicate a message or instruction. This word is commonly used in situations where non-verbal communication is necessary, such as in sports, traffic, or coordination between people. For example: He gave the signal to start「彼は始める合図をした」(かれははじめるあいずをした). The traffic light is a signal for cars「信号は車のための合図です」(しんごうはくるまのためのあいずです). Note that '合図' can also imply a prearranged sign or cue, often used in collaborative or synchronized activities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2519

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Basics

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初歩 (しょほ)' refers to the 'basics' or 'rudimentary knowledge' of a subject. It is often used to describe the foundational or introductory level of learning something. For example: I am learning the basics of Japanese「私は日本語の初歩を学んでいます」(わたしはにほんごのしょほをまなんでいます). This book covers the basics of programming「この本はプログラミングの初歩をカバーしています」(このほんはプログラミングのしょほをカバーしています). The term emphasizes the starting point of acquiring knowledge or skills.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2521

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Railway

Reading

Kanji

鉄Iron 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鉄道 (てつどう)' means 'railway' or 'railroad'. It refers to the system of tracks, trains, and infrastructure used for transporting passengers and goods. This word is commonly used in contexts related to transportation, travel, and infrastructure. For example: The railway is convenient「鉄道は便利です」(てつどうはべんりです). I work for a railway company「私は鉄道会社で働いています」(わたしはてつどうかいしゃではたらいています). The word can also be used in compound terms like '地下鉄道 (ちかてつどう)' (subway/underground railway).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2522

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excursion

Reading

Kanji

遠Far 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遠足 (えんそく)' refers to a school trip or excursion, typically involving students going to a place of interest, such as a park, museum, or historical site. It is often organized by schools as a recreational or educational activity. For example: We went on an excursion to the zoo「私たちは動物園に遠足に行きました」(わたしたちはどうぶつえんにえんそくにいきました). The students enjoyed the excursion to the mountains「生徒たちは山への遠足を楽しみました」(せいとたちはやまへのえんそくをたのしみました). This word is commonly used in the context of school activities and is associated with group outings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2526

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stationmaster

Reading

Kanji

駅Station 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '駅長 (えきちょう)' refers to the 'stationmaster', the person in charge of managing a train station. This role involves overseeing the station's operations, ensuring the safety and efficiency of train services, and managing staff. For example: The stationmaster is very kind「駅長はとても親切です」(えきちょうはとてもしんせつです). I spoke with the stationmaster about the train schedule「駅長と列車のスケジュールについて話しました」(えきちょうとれっしゃのすけじゅーるについてはなしました). This term is specific to the railway context and is commonly used in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2527

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

District

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 区District

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地区 (ちく)' refers to a specific area or district within a larger region, often used in administrative, geographical, or urban planning contexts. It can describe a designated zone, such as a residential district, commercial district, or industrial district. For example: This is a residential district「ここは住宅地区です」(ここはじゅうたくちくです). The industrial district is expanding「工業地区が拡大しています」(こうぎょうちくがかくだいしています). The word is neutral in tone and is commonly used in formal or official settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2529

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Verdict

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 決Decide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判決 (はんけつ)' refers to a formal decision or judgment made by a court of law. It is commonly used in legal contexts to describe the outcome of a trial or legal proceeding. For example: The verdict was guilty「判決は有罪だった」(はんけつはゆうざいだった). The court announced its verdict「裁判所は判決を言い渡した」(さいばんしょははんけつをいいわたした). This term is specific to legal judgments and is not used in casual or everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2530

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regions

Reading

Kanji

各Each 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '各地 (かくち)' means 'regions' or 'various places'. It is used to refer to multiple different areas or locations, often within a specific context such as a country or a larger geographical area. This term is commonly used in news reports, travel guides, and discussions about cultural or geographical diversity. For example: The festival is celebrated in various regions「各地で祭りが祝われる」(かくちでまつりがいわわれる). The company has branches in many regions「その会社は各地に支店がある」(そのかいしゃはかくちにしてんがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2532

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shareholder

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株主 (かぶぬし)' refers to a 'shareholder', which is a person or entity that owns shares in a corporation or company. This term is commonly used in business and financial contexts. Shareholders typically have certain rights, such as voting on corporate matters and receiving dividends. For example: The shareholders will vote on the new policy「株主は新しい方針について投票します」(かぶぬしはあたらしいほうしんについてとうひょうします). He is a major shareholder in the company「彼はその会社の大株主です」(かれはそのかいしゃのおおかぶぬしです). The term is often used in discussions about corporate governance, investments, and stock markets.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2533

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both

Reading

Kanji

両Both 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両方 (りょうほう)' means 'both'. It is used to refer to two items, options, or sides collectively. This word is often used when emphasizing that two things are included or considered together. For example: I like both「両方が好きです」(りょうほうがすきです). Both options are good「両方の選択肢が良いです」(りょうほうのせんたくしがいいです). It is important to note that '両方' is typically used in contexts where two distinct items or groups are being discussed, and it is not interchangeable with words like '全部 (ぜんぶ)' which means 'all' or 'everything'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2534

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Part

Reading

Kanji

一One 部Section, Department 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一部分 (いちぶぶん)' means 'part' or 'portion'. It refers to a segment or section of a whole, often used to describe a fraction or a specific portion of something larger. For example: I read only a part of the book「私は本の一部分だけを読んだ」(わたしはほんのいちぶぶんだけをよんだ). This is just a part of the problem「これは問題の一部分に過ぎない」(これはもんだいのいちぶぶんにすぎない). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a subset of a larger entity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2535

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countries

Reading

Kanji

国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国々 (くにぐに)' means 'countries'. This word is the plural form of '国 (くに)', which means 'country'. It is used to refer to multiple countries collectively. For example: Many countries participated in the event「多くの国々がイベントに参加した」(おおくのくにぐにがイベントにさんかした). The cultures of various countries are fascinating「さまざまな国々の文化は魅力的だ」(さまざまなくにぐにのぶんかはみりょくてきだ). Note that '国々' is often used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize the plurality of nations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2536

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welfare

Reading

Kanji

厚Thick, Kind 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '厚生 (こうせい)' refers to 'welfare' or 'public health and well-being'. It is commonly used in contexts related to social welfare, health care, and public services aimed at improving the quality of life. For example: The government is working on welfare policies「政府は厚生政策に取り組んでいる」(せいふはこうせいせいさくにとりくんでいる). The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is responsible for public health「厚生労働省は公衆衛生を担当している」(こうせいろうどうしょうはこうしゅうえいせいをたんとうしている). This term is often seen in official or formal contexts, such as government departments or policies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2537

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loss, Damage

Reading

Kanji

損Loss, Damage 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '損害 (そんがい)' refers to harm, damage, or loss, often in a financial, physical, or legal context. It is commonly used to describe the negative consequences of an event, such as an accident or natural disaster. For example: The company suffered significant damage「会社は大きな損害を受けた」(かいしゃはおおきなそんがいをうけた). The typhoon caused a lot of damage「台風で多くの損害が出た」(たいふうでおおくのそんがいがでた). This word is frequently used in legal or insurance contexts to describe compensation for damages, as in '損害賠償 (そんがいばいしょう) (compensation for damages)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2538

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pillar, Support

Reading

Kanji

柱Pillar

Explanation

The Japanese noun '柱 (はしら)' primarily means 'pillar', referring to a vertical structural element that supports a building or structure. It can also metaphorically mean 'support', as in a person or thing that provides essential backing or stability. For example: The temple's pillars are strong「その寺の柱は強い」(そのてらのはしらはつよい). He is the pillar of our team「彼は私たちのチームの柱だ」(かれはわたしたちのチームのはしらだ). The word can be used both literally and figuratively, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2539

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abroad

Reading

Kanji

国Country 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国外 (こくがい)' means 'abroad' or 'outside the country'. It refers to any location or situation that is outside the borders of one's own country. This term is often used in contexts related to travel, immigration, or international affairs. For example: He went abroad「彼は国外に行った」(かれはこくがいにいった). The company expanded its business abroad「その会社は国外に事業を拡大した」(そのかいしゃはこくがいにじぎょうをかくだいした). Note that '国外' is a formal term and is commonly used in written or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2541

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出国 (しゅっこく)' means 'departure' in the context of leaving a country. It is commonly used in situations involving travel, immigration, or legal processes related to exiting a country. For example: His departure from Japan was sudden「彼の日本からの出国は突然だった」(かれのにほんからのしゅっこくはとつぜんだった). You must complete the departure procedures「出国手続きを完了しなければならない」(しゅっこくてつづきをかんりょうしなければならない). This term is often used in formal or official contexts, such as at airports or immigration offices.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2542

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relations

Reading

Kanji

国Country 交Mix

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国交 (こっこう)' refers to diplomatic relations or official ties between countries. It is commonly used in contexts involving international politics, treaties, or agreements. For example: The two countries established diplomatic relations「両国は国交を樹立した」(りょうこくはこっこうをじゅりつした). The normalization of diplomatic relations between the two nations「両国の国交正常化」(りょうこくのこっこうせいじょうか). This term is often used in formal or political discussions and emphasizes the official nature of the relationship between nations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2543

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diary

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日記 (にっき)' means 'diary'. It refers to a personal record or journal where one writes about their daily experiences, thoughts, or events. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: I write in my diary every night「毎晩日記を書きます」(まいばんにっきをかきます). Her diary is very detailed「彼女の日記はとても詳しいです」(かのじょのにっきはとてもくわしいです). The word can also refer to a specific type of diary, such as a travel diary or a school diary, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2544

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nutrition

Reading

Kanji

栄Prosper, Flourish 養Foster

Explanation

The Japanese noun '栄養 (えいよう)' means 'nutrition'. It refers to the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth. This word is commonly used in contexts related to health, diet, and biology. For example: good nutrition is important for health「良い栄養は健康に重要です」(よいえいようはけんこうにじゅうようです). This food is rich in nutrition「この食べ物は栄養が豊富です」(このたべものはえいようがほうふです). The word can also be used in compound words like '栄養素 (えいようそ)' which means 'nutrient'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2545

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Counter

Reading

Kanji

匹Equal, Counter for animals

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '匹 (ひき)' is a counter used for small animals, such as cats, dogs, fish, and insects. It is one of the most common counters in Japanese and is essential for counting animals. The reading 'ひき' changes depending on the number it follows due to rendaku (voicing) and phonetic rules. For example: one cat「猫一匹」(ねこいっぴき), two dogs「犬二匹」(いぬにひき), three fish「魚三匹」(さかなさんびき). Note that the counter does not change based on the size of the animal, but rather the category (small animals). This suffix is widely used in everyday conversation and is a fundamental part of Japanese counting systems.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2546

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Care

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '世話 (せわ)' primarily means 'care' or 'looking after'. It is commonly used to describe the act of taking care of someone or something, such as a person, animal, or even a task. It can also imply assistance or help in a broader sense. For example: Thank you for taking care of my dog「私の犬の世話をしてくれてありがとう」(わたしのいぬのせわをしてくれてありがとう). She is busy taking care of her children「彼女は子供の世話で忙しい」(かのじょはこどものせわでいそがしい). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions like '世話になる (せわになる)', which means 'to be indebted to someone' or 'to receive help'. For instance: I am indebted to him「彼には世話になっています」(かれにはせわになっています).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2547

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Success

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 世World, Generation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出世 (しゅっせ)' refers to 'success' in terms of career advancement or rising in social status. It is often used to describe someone achieving a high position in their profession or society. For example: He achieved great success in his career「彼は出世した」(かれはしゅっせした). She is aiming for success in the company「彼女は会社で出世を目指している」(かのじょはかいしゃでしゅっせをめざしている). The word carries a connotation of climbing the social or professional ladder, and it is commonly used in business or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2550

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soul

Reading

Kanji

魂Spirit, Soul

Explanation

The Japanese noun '魂 (たましい)' refers to the 'soul' or 'spirit' of a living being. It is often used in a spiritual or philosophical context to describe the essence of a person or creature that transcends physical existence. This word can also imply the core of one's emotions, will, or vitality. For example: Her soul is pure「彼女の魂は純粋だ」(かのじょのたましいはじゅんすいだ). The warrior's spirit never dies「戦士の魂は決して死なない」(せんしのたましいはけっしてしなない). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the essence or spirit of something non-living, such as art or culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2551

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Profit

Reading

Kanji

黒Black 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '黒字 (くろじ)' means 'profit'. It is used in financial contexts to indicate that a company or organization is making a profit, as opposed to being in the red (赤字, あかじ). The term originates from the practice of using black ink to denote positive numbers in accounting. For example: The company is in the black「その会社は黒字です」(そのかいしゃはくろじです). This year we made a profit「今年は黒字でした」(ことしはくろじでした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2554

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fate

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '運命 (うんめい)' means 'fate' or 'destiny'. It refers to the predetermined course of events in a person's life, often beyond their control. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversations and literary contexts to express the idea of an inevitable outcome. For example: it was fate that we met「私たちが出会ったのは運命だった」(わたしたちがであったのはうんめいだった). He believes in fate「彼は運命を信じている」(かれはうんめいをしんじている). The word can also carry a sense of inevitability or predestination, often used in philosophical or romantic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2555

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hobby

Reading

Kanji

趣Gist, Flavor 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '趣味 (しゅみ)' means 'hobby'. It refers to activities or interests that one enjoys doing in their free time. This word is commonly used to describe personal interests, such as sports, arts, or collecting items. For example: My hobby is reading books「私の趣味は本を読むことです」(わたしのしゅみはほんをよむことです). What is your hobby?「あなたの趣味は何ですか？」(あなたのしゅみはなんですか？). The word can also imply a sense of personal taste or preference, as in '趣味が良い (しゅみがいい)' meaning 'to have good taste'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subordinate

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部下 (ぶか)' refers to a subordinate or someone who is under the authority of another person, typically in a workplace or organizational setting. It is commonly used to describe employees or team members who report to a supervisor or manager. For example: He is my subordinate「彼は私の部下です」(かれはわたしのぶかです). The manager gave instructions to his subordinates「上司は部下に指示を出した」(じょうしはぶかにしじをだした). The term carries a formal tone and is often used in professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2557

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Therapy

Reading

Kanji

療Cure, Heal 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '療法 (りょうほう)' means 'therapy'. It refers to a method or treatment used to heal or alleviate a medical condition, illness, or disorder. This word is often used in medical or therapeutic contexts and can be combined with other words to specify the type of therapy, such as '物理療法 (ぶつりりょうほう)' (physical therapy) or '心理療法 (しんりりょうほう)' (psychological therapy). Example sentences: She is undergoing therapy for her back pain「彼女は腰痛の療法を受けている」(かのじょはようつうのりょうほうをうけている). This therapy is very effective「この療法はとても効果的です」(このりょうほうはとてもこうかてきです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2558

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equator

Reading

Kanji

赤Red 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '赤道 (せきどう)' refers to the 'equator', the imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is a geographical term used in contexts related to Earth's geography, climate, and astronomy. For example: The equator is the hottest part of the Earth「赤道は地球で一番暑いところです」(せきどうはちきゅうでいちばんあついところです). The sun is directly above the equator during the equinox「春分と秋分には太陽が赤道の真上に来ます」(しゅんぶんとしゅうぶんにはたいようがせきどうのまうえにきます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2559

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

National railway

Reading

Kanji

国Country 鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国鉄 (こくてつ)' refers to the 'National Railway', specifically the former Japanese National Railways (JNR), which was a state-owned railway company in Japan until it was privatized and divided into several companies in 1987. This term is often used in historical contexts or when referring to the era before privatization. For example: The national railway was privatized in 1987「国鉄は1987年に民営化された」(こくてつは1987ねんにみんえいかされた). My father worked for the national railway「父は国鉄で働いていた」(ちちはこくてつではたらいていた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2560

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private railway

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私鉄 (してつ)' refers to a 'private railway'. This term is used to describe railway systems that are owned and operated by private companies, as opposed to those run by the government (which are called '国鉄 (こくてつ)' or 'national railways'). Private railways are common in Japan and often serve urban and suburban areas, connecting cities and towns. Example sentences: The private railway is convenient「私鉄は便利です」(してつはべんりです). I take the private railway to work「私は私鉄で仕事に行きます」(わたしはしてつでしごとにいきます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

House

Reading

Kanji

家House 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家屋 (かおく)' refers to a 'house' or 'building' used as a dwelling. It is a formal term often used in legal, architectural, or technical contexts to describe a residential structure. For example: The house was damaged in the earthquake「家屋が地震で損傷した」(かおくがじしんでそんしょうした). They are building a new house「新しい家屋を建てている」(あたらしいかおくをたてている). This term is more specific than the general word '家 (いえ)', which can also mean 'home' or 'family'. '家屋' emphasizes the physical structure of the building.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2562

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oneself

Reading

Kanji

己Oneself

Explanation

The Japanese noun '己 (おのれ)' refers to 'oneself' or 'self'. It is often used in a reflective or introspective context, emphasizing the speaker's own identity or actions. This term can carry a formal or archaic tone and is sometimes used in expressions of self-reproach or determination. For example: I must rely on myself「己を頼りにしなければならない」(おのれをたよりにしなければならない). He blamed himself「彼は己を責めた」(かれはおのれをせめた). Note that '己' can also appear in idiomatic expressions or proverbs, such as '己の欲せざる所は人に施す勿れ (おのれのほっせざるところはひとにほどこすなかれ)', which translates to 'Do not impose on others what you do not desire for yourself.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Item

Reading

Kanji

項Clause, Paragraph 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese noun '項目 (こうもく)' means 'item' and is commonly used to refer to a specific entry, point, or topic in a list, document, or discussion. It is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in reports, forms, or agendas. For example: Please check each item on the list「リストの各項目を確認してください」(リストのかくこうもくをかくにんしてください). The agenda has five items「議題は五つの項目があります」(ぎだいはいつつのこうもくがあります). This word is particularly useful when organizing or categorizing information.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rooftop

Reading

Kanji

屋Shop, Roof 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '屋上 (おくじょう)' refers to the 'rooftop' of a building. It is commonly used to describe the topmost part of a structure, often accessible to people for various purposes such as relaxation, events, or maintenance. For example: Let's go to the rooftop「屋上に行こう」(おくじょうにいこう). The view from the rooftop is beautiful「屋上からの眺めは美しい」(おくじょうからのながめはうつくしい). This word is frequently used in urban settings, especially in reference to buildings in cities where rooftops might be utilized for gardens, observation decks, or other activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2565

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit 界World

Explanation

The Japanese noun '限界 (げんかい)' means 'limit'. It refers to the boundary or point beyond which something cannot or should not go. This word is often used in contexts involving physical, mental, or abstract boundaries. For example: I reached my limit「限界に達した」(げんかいにたっした). The limit of human endurance「人間の限界」(にんげんのげんかい). It can also be used to describe the maximum capacity or extent of something, such as 'the limit of technology'「技術の限界」(ぎじゅつのげんかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child

Reading

Kanji

児Child

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '児 (じ)' means 'child' and is often used in compound words to refer to children or young individuals. It can be used in various contexts, such as in the names of institutions or titles. For example: kindergarten child「幼稚園児」(ようちえんじ). This suffix is commonly found in words related to education or care for children. It's important to note that '児' is typically used in formal or institutional contexts rather than in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2568

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plain, Modest

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '地味 (じみ)' primarily means 'plain' or 'modest'. It is often used to describe something that is simple, unadorned, or not flashy. This word can be applied to clothing, behavior, or even lifestyles. For example: Her dress is plain「彼女のドレスは地味だ」(かのじょのドレスはじみだ). He leads a modest life「彼は地味な生活を送っている」(かれはじみなせいかつをおくっている). It can also carry a slightly negative nuance, implying something is too plain or unremarkable, depending on the context. For instance: This design is too plain「このデザインは地味すぎる」(このデザインはじみすぎる).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Month end

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月末 (げつまつ)' refers to the end of a month. It is commonly used in contexts related to deadlines, financial periods, or scheduling. For example: The report is due at the end of the month「レポートは月末までです」(レポートはげつまつまでです). I will pay the bill by the end of the month「月末までに請求書を支払います」(げつまつまでにせいきゅうしょをしはらいます). This term is often used in business or administrative settings to indicate time-sensitive tasks or events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Declaration

Reading

Kanji

宣Proclaim, Promulgate 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宣言 (せんげん)' means 'declaration'. It refers to a formal or public statement, often used in contexts like political announcements, personal resolutions, or official proclamations. For example: He made a declaration of love「彼は愛の宣言をした」(かれはあいのせんげんをした). The government issued a declaration of emergency「政府は非常事態宣言を出した」(せいふはひじょうじたいせんげんをだした). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to emphasize the seriousness or importance of the statement being made.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skilled

Reading

Kanji

上Up 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '上手 (じょうず)' means 'skilled' or 'good at something'. It is used to describe someone who is proficient or talented in a particular activity or skill. This word is often used to compliment someone's abilities. For example: She is skilled at playing the piano「彼女はピアノが上手です」(かのじょはぴあのがじょうずです). He is good at cooking「彼は料理が上手です」(かれはりょうりがじょうずです). Note that '上手' is typically used in the structure '[person]は[activity]が上手です' to indicate skill in a specific area.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '末 (すえ)' refers to the 'end' or 'conclusion' of something, often in a temporal or spatial sense. It can be used to describe the end of a period, the tip of an object, or the outcome of a situation. For example: at the end of the month「月末に」(げつまつに). The tip of the branch「枝の末」(えだのすえ). The outcome of the discussion「議論の末」(ぎろんのすえ). This word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, emphasizing the final part or result of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2575

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drinking water

Reading

Kanji

飲Drink 料Materials, Fee 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '飲料水 (いんりょうすい)' refers to 'drinking water', which is water that is safe and suitable for human consumption. This term is often used in contexts related to health, safety, and environmental discussions. For example: This area has clean drinking water「この地域にはきれいな飲料水があります」(このちいきにはきれいないんりょうすいがあります). We need to ensure the supply of drinking water「飲料水の供給を確保する必要があります」(いんりょうすいのきょうきゅうをかくほするひつようがあります). The term emphasizes the importance of water quality and safety for drinking purposes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2576

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Map

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 図Map

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地図 (ちず)' means 'map'. It refers to a visual representation of an area, showing physical features, cities, roads, etc. This word is commonly used in everyday situations, such as when navigating or planning trips. For example: I bought a map of Tokyo「東京の地図を買いました」(とうきょうのちずをかいました). Can you show me the map?「地図を見せてくれますか？」(ちずをみせてくれますか？). It is also used in compound words like '世界地図 (せかいちず)' (world map) or '地下鉄地図 (ちかてつちず)' (subway map).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use

Reading

Kanji

使Use 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '使用 (しよう)' means 'use'. It refers to the act of utilizing something for a specific purpose. This word is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as instructions, manuals, or official documents. For example: Please use this tool「この道具を使用してください」(このどうぐをしようしてください). The use of this machine is prohibited「この機械の使用は禁止されています」(このきかいのしようはきんしされています). Note that '使用' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '使用する (しようする)', which means 'to use'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2580

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Senior

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 輩Fellow, Comrade

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先輩 (せんぱい)' refers to someone who is senior to you in age, experience, or status, particularly in school, work, or a group. It is commonly used to address or refer to someone who has been in an organization or field longer than you. For example: My senior at work is very kind「私の先輩はとても親切です」(わたしのせんぱいはとてもしんせつです). I respect my senior「私は先輩を尊敬しています」(わたしはせんぱいをそんけいしています). This term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, emphasizing respect and hierarchy in relationships.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2581

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effect, Action

Reading

Kanji

作Make 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '作用 (さよう)' refers to the 'effect' or 'action' of something, often in a scientific, medical, or abstract context. It describes the influence or operation of one thing on another, such as the effect of a drug or the action of a force. For example: the effect of the medicine is strong「薬の作用は強い」(くすりのさようはつよい). The action of gravity is constant「重力の作用は一定だ」(じゅうりょくのさようはいちだい). This word is commonly used in technical or formal contexts to describe cause-and-effect relationships.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2582

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aviation

Reading

Kanji

航Sail, Navigate 空Sky, Empty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '航空 (こうくう)' refers to 'aviation', which is the operation of aircraft or the activity of flying. This term is often used in contexts related to air travel, airlines, and the aviation industry. For example: aviation technology is advancing rapidly「航空技術は急速に進歩している」(こうくうぎじゅつはきゅうそくにしんぽしている). The aviation industry is growing「航空業界は成長している」(こうくうぎょうかいはせいちょうしている). It is also commonly seen in compound words like '航空会社 (こうくうがいしゃ)' (airline) or '航空機 (こうくうき)' (aircraft).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2583

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Influence

Reading

Kanji

勢Power, Force 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '勢力 (せいりょく)' refers to 'power' or 'influence', often in the context of political, social, or military strength. It can describe the capacity of a group, organization, or individual to exert control or sway over others. For example: The country expanded its power「その国は勢力を拡大した」(そのくにはせいりょくをかくだいした). The political party lost its influence「その政党は勢力を失った」(そのせいとうはせいりょくをうしなった). This word is commonly used in discussions about power dynamics, competition, or dominance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2584

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Priority

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '優先 (ゆうせん)' means 'priority'. It refers to something being given precedence or higher importance over other things. This word is commonly used in contexts like work, transportation, or decision-making. For example: give priority to safety「安全を優先する」(あんぜんをゆうせんする). Priority seating is available「優先席があります」(ゆうせんせきがあります). The word can also be used in compound terms like '優先順位 (ゆうせんじゅんい)' (priority order) or '優先権 (ゆうせんけん)' (priority right).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employee

Reading

Kanji

使Use 用Use 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使用人 (しようにん)' refers to an 'employee' or 'servant'. It is a formal term used to describe someone who is employed by another person or organization, typically in a service or domestic role. The word carries a slightly old-fashioned or formal tone and is often used in historical or legal contexts. For example: The employee works diligently「使用人は勤勉に働く」(しようにんはきんべんにはたらく). The servant prepared the meal「使用人が食事を用意した」(しようにんがしょくじをよういした). Note that in modern contexts, the term '従業員 (じゅうぎょういん)' is more commonly used for 'employee'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2587

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sweat

Reading

Kanji

汗Sweat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '汗 (あせ)' means 'sweat'. It refers to the moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically as a result of physical exertion, heat, or nervousness. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be found in various contexts, such as describing physical activity, weather conditions, or emotional states. For example: I wiped the sweat from my forehead「額の汗を拭いた」(ひたいのあせをふいた). After running, I was covered in sweat「走った後、汗だくになった」(はしったあと、あせだくになった). It's also used metaphorically to describe hard work or effort, as in 'sweating over a task'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2589

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

National funds

Reading

Kanji

国Country 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国費 (こくひ)' refers to funds or expenses that are provided or managed by the national government. It is often used in contexts related to government budgets, public spending, or financial support provided by the state. For example: The project is funded by national funds「そのプロジェクトは国費で賄われている」(そのプロジェクトはこくひでまかなわれている). The scholarship is supported by national funds「その奨学金は国費で支えられている」(そのしょうがくきんはこくひでささえられている). This term is commonly used in formal or administrative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2591

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Food expenses

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食費 (しょくひ)' refers to the cost or expenses related to food. This term is commonly used when discussing household budgets, personal finances, or the cost of living. It encompasses all expenses associated with purchasing food, whether for daily meals, groceries, or dining out. For example: My food expenses are high this month「今月の食費が高い」(こんげつのしょくひがたかい). We need to reduce our food expenses「食費を減らす必要がある」(しょくひをへらすひつようがある). This term is often used in financial planning or when discussing cost-saving measures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Season

Reading

Kanji

季Season 節Season, Node

Explanation

The Japanese noun '季節 (きせつ)' refers to 'season', specifically one of the four divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter). It is used to describe the natural changes and characteristics associated with each period. For example: I love the autumn season「秋の季節が大好きです」(あきのきせつがだいすきです). The cherry blossoms are a symbol of the spring season「桜は春の季節の象徴です」(さくらははるのきせつのしょうちょうです). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, poetry, and literature to evoke the beauty and atmosphere of each season.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

West, Western

Reading

Kanji

西West 洋Ocean, Western style

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西洋 (せいよう)' primarily refers to 'the West' or 'Western countries', particularly Europe and the Americas. It is often used in contrast to '東洋 (とうよう)', which refers to 'the East' or 'Eastern countries'. The term can also be used to describe things that are Western in origin or style. For example: Western culture is fascinating「西洋の文化は魅力的です」(せいようのぶんかはみりょくてきです). This painting is in a Western style「この絵は西洋風です」(このえはせいようふうです). The word is commonly used in contexts discussing cultural, historical, or geographical differences between the East and the West.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2594

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private expense

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私費 (しひ)' means 'private expense.' This word is used to refer to expenses that are paid from one's own pocket or personal resources, rather than being covered by an organization or public funds. It is often used in contexts such as education, medical costs, or business expenses. Example: I paid for the course with my own money 「そのコースは私費で払いました」 (そのコースはしひではらいました). The company does not cover private expenses 「会社は私費を負担しません」 (かいしゃはしひをふたんしません). Note that this word is commonly used in informal or professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2595

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consumption

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '消費 (しょうひ)' means 'consumption'. It refers to the act of using up resources, goods, or services. This term is commonly used in economic contexts to describe the use of goods and services by households, but it can also refer to the consumption of energy, time, or other resources. For example: energy consumption「エネルギー消費」(えねるぎーしょうひ). The consumption of goods has increased「商品の消費が増えた」(しょうひんのしょうひがふえた). It's important to note that '消費' can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the consumption of time or effort.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2596

Composition

kanji

Handwriting