Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Composition

word

Meaning

Effect

Reading

Kanji

効Effective 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese noun '効き目 (ききめ)' refers to the 'effect' or 'efficacy' of something, often used in the context of medicine, remedies, or actions. It implies a noticeable or measurable result. For example: The medicine had a strong effect「薬の効き目が強かった」(くすりのききめがつよかった). This method has no effect「この方法には効き目がない」(このほうほうにはききめがない). The word is commonly used when discussing the effectiveness of treatments, strategies, or efforts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3252

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rely

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verb '頼る (たよる)' means 'to rely on' or 'to depend on'. It is used when someone depends on another person, thing, or situation for support or help. This verb often implies a sense of trust or necessity in the reliance. For example: I rely on my friends「私は友達に頼る」(わたしはともだちにたよる). He depends on his parents for money「彼はお金を親に頼る」(かれはおかねをおやにたよる). The verb can also be used in a negative context, such as when someone relies too much on others. Note that '頼る' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the person or thing being relied upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3255

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Naturally

Reading

Kanji

自Self 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '自然に (しぜんに)' means 'naturally'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur in a natural, spontaneous, or unforced manner. This adverb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical actions to emotional responses. For example: she smiled naturally「彼女は自然に笑った」(かのじょはしぜんにわらった). The flowers bloomed naturally「花が自然に咲いた」(はながしぜんにさいた). It can also imply something happening without human intervention, as in 'the wound healed naturally「傷が自然に治った」(きずがしぜんになおった)'. The nuance of '自然に' often conveys a sense of ease or lack of artificiality.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3257

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Question

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese noun '問い (とい)' means 'question'. It refers to an inquiry or a query posed to seek information or clarification. This word is often used in formal or written contexts, such as in academic discussions, surveys, or philosophical debates. For example: Please answer this question「この問いに答えてください」(このといにこたえてください). The question is difficult「その問いは難しい」(そのといはむずかしい). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a deeper or existential inquiry, such as in '人生の問い (じんせいのとい) (a question of life)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3270

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike

Reading

Kanji

嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese verb '嫌う (きらう)' means 'to dislike' or 'to avoid'. It is used to express a strong aversion or distaste towards something or someone. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from disliking certain foods to avoiding specific situations or people. For example: I dislike bitter foods「苦い食べ物を嫌う」(にがいたべものをきらう). He avoids crowded places「彼は混雑した場所を嫌う」(かれはこんざつしたばしょをきらう). It's important to note that '嫌う' often carries a stronger connotation than simply not liking something, implying a more active avoidance or rejection.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3284

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heal

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治る (なおる)' means 'to heal' or 'to recover'. It is commonly used to describe the process of recovering from an illness, injury, or condition. This verb is often used in medical or health-related contexts. For example: my cold has healed「風邪が治った」(かぜがなおった). The wound will heal soon「傷はすぐに治るでしょう」(きずはすぐになおるでしょう). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the resolution of a problem or situation. For example: the situation has improved「状況が治った」(じょうきょうがなおった). Note that '治る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3292

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probe

Reading

Kanji

探Search

Explanation

The Japanese verb '探る (さぐる)' means 'to probe' or 'to investigate'. It is used to describe the act of searching or exploring something, often with a sense of careful examination or investigation. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically searching for something, investigating a situation, or exploring someone's feelings or intentions. For example: he probed the depths of the cave「彼は洞窟の奥を探った」(かれはどうくつのおくをさぐった). She tried to probe his true intentions「彼女は彼の本当の意図を探ろうとした」(かのじょはかれのほんとうのいとをさぐろうとした). The detective probed the mystery「探偵はその謎を探った」(たんていはそのなぞをさぐった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3300

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respond

Reading

Kanji

応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '応じる (おうじる)' means 'to respond' or 'to comply'. It is used when someone reacts to a request, demand, or situation, often implying a sense of obligation or adaptation. For example: he responded to the request「彼は要請に応じた」(かれはようせいにおうじた). The company complied with the regulations「会社は規制に応じた」(かいしゃはきせいにおうじた). This verb can also imply adapting to circumstances, as in '応じる力 (おうじるちから) (ability to adapt)'. It is important to note that '応じる' often carries a formal tone and is commonly used in professional or serious contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3302

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rare, Grateful

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 難Difficult

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '有り難い (ありがたい)' has two primary meanings. The first and most common meaning is 'grateful' or 'thankful', expressing deep appreciation for something received or experienced. For example: I am grateful for your help「あなたの助けは有り難い」(あなたのたすけはありがたい). The second meaning is 'rare' or 'precious', referring to something that is uncommon or hard to come by. For example: Such kindness is rare「そのような親切は有り難い」(そのようなしんせつはありがたい). The word originates from the idea that something is so rare or precious that it feels like a blessing, hence the dual meanings. It is often used in formal or heartfelt contexts to express gratitude or acknowledge the rarity of a situation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3303

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Generally

Reading

Kanji

一One 般Sort, Carrier

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一般に (いっぱんに)' means 'generally' or 'in general'. It is used to indicate that something is true or applicable in most cases or as a general rule. This adverb is often used in formal or academic contexts to make broad statements or generalizations. For example: Generally, Japanese people are polite「一般に、日本人は礼儀正しい」(いっぱんに、にほんじんはれいぎただしい). It is generally believed that exercise is good for health「一般に、運動は健康に良いと考えられている」(いっぱんに、うんどうはけんこうにいいとかんがえられている). The adverb can also be used to introduce a commonly accepted fact or opinion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3318

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fill, Wax

Reading

Kanji

満Full

Explanation

The Japanese verb '満ちる (みちる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to fill', which refers to something becoming full or reaching capacity. For example: The glass filled with water「コップが水で満ちた」(コップがみずでみちた). The second meaning is 'to wax', specifically referring to the moon becoming fuller in its lunar cycle. For example: The moon is waxing「月が満ちている」(つきがみちている). The verb is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts, and its usage can vary depending on whether it refers to physical fullness or the lunar cycle.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reflect

Reading

Kanji

映Reflect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '映る (うつる)' primarily means 'to reflect' or 'to be reflected'. It is often used to describe how images, light, or scenes are reflected on surfaces like mirrors, water, or screens. For example: The moon is reflected in the lake「月が湖に映る」(つきがみずうみにうつる). Additionally, it can also mean 'to appear' or 'to be projected', such as in the context of images appearing on a screen: The movie is showing on the screen「映画がスクリーンに映る」(えいががスクリーンにうつる). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3323

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Step

Reading

Kanji

踏Step on, Step

Explanation

The Japanese verb '踏む (ふむ)' primarily means 'to step on' or 'to tread on'. It is used when referring to physically stepping on something, such as the ground or an object. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to follow' or 'to adhere to' a procedure or rule. For example: I stepped on a bug「虫を踏んだ」(むしをふんだ). Please follow the rules「ルールを踏んでください」(ルールをふんでください). Additionally, '踏む' can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '踏み出す (ふみだす)', which means 'to step forward' or 'to take the first step'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thrust, Poke

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突く (つく)' can mean 'poke' or 'thrust'. It is used to describe the action of pushing something sharply or quickly, often with a pointed object. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he poked the balloon with a needle「彼は針で風船を突いた」(かれははりでふうせんをついた). The knight thrust his sword into the enemy「騎士は敵に剣を突いた」(きしはてきにけんをついた). Additionally, '突く' can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase 'to poke fun at someone'「人を突く」(ひとをつく).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3332

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not yet, Still

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '未だ未だ (まだまだ)' can mean 'still' or 'not yet' depending on the context. It is often used to indicate that something is ongoing or incomplete. For example: I still have a lot to learn「私は未だ未だ学ぶことがたくさんある」(わたしはまだまだまなぶことがたくさんある). The project is not yet finished「そのプロジェクトは未だ未だ終わっていない」(そのプロジェクトはまだまだおわっていない). This adverb can also be used to express humility or modesty, as in 'I am still far from perfect'「私は未だ未だ完璧ではない」(わたしはまだまだかんぺきではない).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3342

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Touch

Reading

Kanji

触Touch, Contact

Explanation

The Japanese verb '触る (さわる)' means 'to touch'. It is used when referring to physically touching something with your hands or fingers. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as touching objects, surfaces, or even people. For example: please do not touch the painting「絵に触らないでください」(えにさわらないでください). I touched the cat and it was soft「猫に触ったらふわふわだった」(ねこにさわったらふわふわだった). It's important to note that '触る' implies a gentle or casual touch, and it is often used in situations where the act of touching is significant or noteworthy.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3343

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ordinary, Average

Reading

Kanji

並Line, Row

Explanation

The Japanese noun '並み (なみ)' can mean 'average' or 'ordinary'. It is often used to describe something that is standard, typical, or not exceptional. For example: This is an average salary「これは並みの給料です」(これはなみのきゅうりょうです). Her skills are ordinary「彼女のスキルは並みです」(かのじょのスキルはなみです). The word can also be used to describe things that are lined up or arranged in a row, such as '並みの木 (なみのき) (a row of trees)'. However, the primary usage is to indicate something that is neither outstanding nor inferior, but rather in the middle range.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3353

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffer, Encounter

Reading

Kanji

遭Encounter, Meet with

Explanation

The Japanese verb '遭う (あう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to encounter' or 'to meet', often used in the context of encountering something unexpected or undesirable, such as an accident or misfortune. For example: I encountered a traffic jam「渋滞に遭った」(じゅうたいにあった). The second meaning is 'to suffer' or 'to experience', typically referring to experiencing something negative or unfortunate. For example: He suffered a great loss「彼は大きな損失に遭った」(かれはおおきなそんしつにあった). The verb is often used in situations where the encounter or experience is unplanned and usually negative. It is important to note that '遭う' is distinct from the more neutral verb '会う (あう)', which means 'to meet' in a general sense.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3359

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prohibit, Forbid

Reading

Kanji

禁Ban, Prohibition

Explanation

The Japanese verb '禁じる (きんじる)' means 'to forbid' or 'to prohibit'. It is used to express the act of officially or formally preventing someone from doing something. This verb is often used in formal or legal contexts. For example: Smoking is prohibited here「ここでは喫煙が禁じられています」(ここではきつえんがきんじられています). The school forbids students from using phones during class「学校は授業中の携帯電話の使用を禁じている」(がっこうはじゅぎょうちゅうのけいたいでんわのしようをきんじている). Note that '禁じる' can also imply a moral or ethical prohibition, not just a legal one.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hard

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '固い (かたい)' primarily means 'hard'. It is used to describe something that is physically firm or rigid, such as a hard object or surface. For example: this bread is hard「このパンは固い」(このパンはかたい). Additionally, '固い' can also describe something that is strict, unyielding, or inflexible in a metaphorical sense, such as a strict rule or a firm belief. For example: his attitude is firm「彼の態度は固い」(かれのたいどはかたい). It is important to note that '固い' can also imply reliability or steadfastness in certain contexts, such as a strong friendship or a solid plan. For example: their friendship is strong「彼らの友情は固い」(かれらのゆうじょうはかたい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3376

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Steep

Reading

Kanji

険Dangerous, Steep

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '険しい (けわしい)' primarily means 'steep'. It is used to describe terrain or paths that are difficult to climb or traverse due to their steepness. For example: The mountain path is steep「山道は険しい」(やまみちはけわしい). Additionally, '険しい' can also describe a person's expression or situation as harsh or severe, though this usage is less common. For example: His expression was stern「彼の表情は険しかった」(かれのひょうじょうはけわしかった). The word is often used in contexts involving physical landscapes but can extend metaphorically to describe challenging situations or stern facial expressions.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3377

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mainly

Reading

Kanji

主Master

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '主に (おもに)' means 'mainly' or 'primarily'. It is used to indicate that something is the primary focus, the most important part, or the majority of a situation. This adverb is often used to describe the central aspect of an action, event, or condition. For example: I mainly eat vegetables「主に野菜を食べます」(おもにやさいをたべます). The store mainly sells books「その店は主に本を売っています」(そのみせはおもにほんをうっています). It can also be used to emphasize the primary reason or cause, as in: The delay was mainly due to traffic「遅れたのは主に渋滞が原因です」(おくれたのはおもにじゅうたいがげんいんです).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3378

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stay

Reading

Kanji

泊Overnight, Stay overnight

Explanation

The Japanese verb '泊まる (とまる)' means 'to stay' or 'to lodge', typically referring to staying overnight at a place such as a hotel, inn, or someone's home. It is commonly used when talking about accommodations or temporary stays. For example: I stayed at a hotel「ホテルに泊まった」(ほてるにとまった). We will stay at a friend's house「友達の家に泊まる」(ともだちのいえにとまる). This verb is often used in travel or hospitality contexts and implies a temporary stay rather than permanent residence.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3381

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knowledge

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ご存じ (ごぞんじ)' is a polite form of '知っている (しっている)', meaning 'knowledge' or 'awareness'. It is often used in formal or respectful contexts to refer to someone's knowledge or awareness of something. For example: Do you know Mr. Tanaka?「田中さんをご存じですか？」(たなかさんをごぞんじですか？). I am aware of that matter「その件はご存じです」(そのけんはごぞんじです). This term is commonly used in business or formal conversations to show respect to the listener or the person being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3384

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Kanji

交Mix

Explanation

The Japanese verb '交ぜる (まぜる)' means 'to mix'. It is used to describe the action of combining different substances, elements, or items together. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: mix the ingredients「材料を交ぜる」(ざいりょうをまぜる). He mixed truth with lies「彼は真実と嘘を交ぜた」(かれはしんじつとうそをまぜた). The verb can also imply blending or intermingling, such as mixing people in a group「グループに人を交ぜる」(グループにひとをまぜる). Note that '交ぜる' is often used interchangeably with '混ぜる (まぜる)', though '混ぜる' is more commonly used in everyday speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3395

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump out

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び出す (とびだす)' means 'to jump out' or 'to leap out'. It is used to describe the action of suddenly moving out from a place, often with a sense of urgency or surprise. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The cat jumped out of the box「猫が箱から飛び出した」(ねこがはこからとびだした). He suddenly jumped out of the car「彼は急に車から飛び出した」(かれはきゅうにくるまからとびだした). In a figurative sense, it can also mean to suddenly appear or emerge, as in 'The idea jumped out at me during the meeting'「会議中にそのアイデアが飛び出した」(かいぎちゅうにそのアイデアがとびだした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3398

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Memory

Reading

Kanji

思Think 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '思い出 (おもいで)' means 'memory' or 'recollection'. It refers to something remembered from the past, often with a sense of nostalgia or emotional significance. This word is commonly used to describe cherished or meaningful memories. For example: This photo brings back memories「この写真は思い出を呼び起こす」(このしゃしんはおもいでをよびおこす). I have many fond memories of my childhood「私は子供時代の思い出がたくさんある」(わたしはこどもじだいのおもいでがたくさんある). The word can also be used in phrases like '思い出話 (おもいでばなし)' (a story about memories) or '思い出の場所 (おもいでのばしょ)' (a place full of memories).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3410

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bury

Reading

Kanji

埋Bury

Explanation

The Japanese verb '埋める (うめる)' primarily means 'to bury'. It is used when referring to the act of covering something completely, often in the ground, such as burying treasure or a time capsule. It can also be used metaphorically to describe hiding or concealing something, like emotions or information. For example: He buried the treasure「彼は宝物を埋めた」(かれはたからものをうめた). She buried her feelings「彼女は感情を埋めた」(かのじょはかんじょうをうめた). Additionally, '埋める' can be used in contexts like filling a gap or hole, such as filling a hole in the ground「地面の穴を埋める」(じめんのあなをうめる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3411

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opportunity

Reading

Kanji

序Beginning, Preface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '序で (ついで)' refers to an opportunity or a convenient moment to do something. It is often used when someone is already doing something and takes the chance to do another related task. For example: While you're at the store, could you buy some milk?「お店に行くついでに牛乳を買ってきてくれる？」(おみせにいくついでにぎゅうにゅうをかってきてくれる？). I'll clean the kitchen while I'm at it「キッチンを掃除するついでに片付けよう」(キッチンをそうじするついでにかたづけよう). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and implies making the most of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3417

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Praise

Reading

Kanji

褒Praise

Explanation

The Japanese verb '褒める (ほめる)' means 'to praise' or 'to compliment'. It is used when expressing admiration or approval for someone's actions, qualities, or achievements. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal settings. For example: The teacher praised the student「先生は生徒を褒めた」(せんせいはせいとをほめた). I praised my friend for her hard work「私は友達の努力を褒めた」(わたしはともだちのどりょくをほめた). Note that '褒める' is often used in contexts where positive reinforcement or encouragement is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3422

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle, Obtain

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '収める (おさめる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to obtain' or 'to receive,' often used in contexts where something is acquired or gained, such as profits, results, or achievements. For example: He obtained great results「彼は素晴らしい結果を収めた」(かれはすばらしいけっかをおさめた). The second meaning is 'to settle' or 'to put something in its proper place,' often used in contexts where something is stored, resolved, or concluded. For example: She settled the matter peacefully「彼女はその問題を平和的に収めた」(かのじょはそのもんだいをへいわてきにおさめた). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3428

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lookup

Reading

Kanji

見See 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見上げる (みあげる)' means 'to look up'. This verb is used when someone directs their gaze upward, either literally or metaphorically. It can be used to describe physically looking up at something, such as the sky or a tall building, or metaphorically to express admiration or respect for someone. For example: I looked up at the stars「星を見上げた」(ほしをみあげた). She looked up to her teacher「彼女は先生を見上げた」(かのじょはせんせいをみあげた). It's important to note that this verb is often used in contexts where the subject is looking up at something from a lower position, emphasizing the direction of the gaze.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3451

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '予め (あらかじめ)' means 'beforehand' or 'in advance'. It is used to indicate that something is done or prepared prior to a certain event or situation. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize preparation or prior knowledge. For example: Please prepare the documents beforehand「書類を予め準備しておいてください」(しょるいをあらかじめじゅんびしておいてください). We had already discussed it beforehand「私たちは予めそれを話し合っていました」(わたしたちはあらかじめそれをはなしあっていました). The nuance of '予め' often implies a sense of readiness or foresight, making it a useful word in planning or organizational contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3478

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approximately

Reading

Kanji

凡Common

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '凡そ (およそ)' means 'approximately' or 'roughly'. It is used to indicate an estimate or a general idea rather than an exact figure. This word is often used in contexts where precision is not required or when giving a rough overview. For example: The meeting will take approximately two hours「会議は凡そ二時間かかります」(かいぎはおよそにじかんかかります). Approximately 100 people attended the event「凡そ100人がイベントに参加しました」(およそひゃくにんがイベントにさんかしました). It can also be used to mean 'in general' or 'on the whole', as in: In general, his ideas are good「凡そ、彼のアイデアは良い」(およそ、かれのアイデアはよい).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3479

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home

Reading

Kanji

我Self, Ego 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '我が家 (わがや)' means 'home' or 'my/our home'. It is a formal or literary way to refer to one's own home, often carrying a sense of pride, affection, or belonging. This term is commonly used in written language or formal speech. For example: This is my home「ここが我が家です」(ここがわがやです). I returned to my home「我が家に帰った」(わがやにかえった). Note that '我が家' is more poetic or sentimental compared to the more casual '家 (いえ)' or 'うち'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3480

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Release

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放つ (はなつ)' primarily means 'to release' or 'to let go'. It is often used in contexts where something is being set free or sent out, such as releasing an animal, firing a weapon, or emitting a sound or light. For example: He released the bird「彼は鳥を放った」(かれはとりをはなった). The soldier fired an arrow「兵士は矢を放った」(へいしはやをはなった). Additionally, '放つ' can be used metaphorically, such as emitting a strong impression or aura, as in: Her presence emits a strong aura「彼女の存在は強いオーラを放っている」(かのじょのそんざいはつよいオーラをはなっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3481

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

勤Diligence

Explanation

The Japanese verb '勤める (つとめる)' means 'to work' or 'to be employed'. It specifically refers to working at a job or being employed by a company or organization. This verb is often used to describe one's occupation or employment status. For example: I work at a bank「私は銀行に勤めています」(わたしはぎんこうにつとめています). He works for a big company「彼は大きな会社に勤めている」(かれはおおきなかいしゃにつとめている). Note that '勤める' is distinct from other work-related verbs like '働く (はたらく)', which is more general and can refer to any kind of work or labor.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3489

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Solve, Untie

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese verb '解く (とく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to solve', as in solving a problem or puzzle. For example: I solved the math problem「数学の問題を解いた」(すうがくのもんだいをといた). The second meaning is 'to untie', as in untying a knot or untying something that is bound. For example: He untied the rope「彼はロープを解いた」(かれはロープをといた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as untying a mystery or solving a riddle. The context will usually make it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3493

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pour, Bathe

Reading

Kanji

浴Bathe

Explanation

The Japanese verb '浴びる (あびる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pour' or 'to drench', often used when something is being poured over someone or something, such as water or light. The second meaning is 'to bathe', which can refer to showering or soaking in water. This verb is commonly used in contexts involving water, light, or even abstract concepts like attention or criticism. For example: I poured water over my head「頭から水を浴びた」(あたまからみずをあびた). She bathed in the sunlight「彼女は日光を浴びた」(かのじょはにっこうをあびた). He was showered with praise「彼は賞賛を浴びた」(かれはしょうさんをあびた). Note that the nuance of '浴びる' often implies a large or overwhelming amount of something being received or experienced.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3496

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hold, Consist

Reading

Kanji

成Become 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '成り立つ (なりたつ)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to consist of' or 'to be composed of', often used to describe the components or elements that make up something. For example: This theory consists of three parts「この理論は三つの部分で成り立つ」(このりろんはみっつのぶぶんでなりたつ). The second meaning is 'to hold true' or 'to be valid', used to describe whether a statement, argument, or condition remains valid or applicable. For example: His argument holds true「彼の主張は成り立つ」(かれのしゅちょうはなりたつ). The verb is commonly used in formal or academic contexts to discuss the structure or validity of ideas, theories, or systems.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3501

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drift

Reading

Kanji

漂Drift

Explanation

The Japanese verb '漂う (ただよう)' means 'to drift' or 'to float'. It is often used to describe something that moves gently through the air or water, such as a scent, a cloud, or a boat. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a feeling or atmosphere that is present but not clearly defined. For example: the scent of flowers drifts in the air「花の香りが漂う」(はなのかおりがただよう). A mysterious atmosphere drifts in the room「不思議な雰囲気が漂う」(ふしぎなふんいきがただよう). The boat drifts on the calm sea「船が静かな海に漂う」(ふねがしずかなうみにただよう).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3505

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wipe

Reading

Kanji

拭Wipe

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拭く (ふく)' means 'to wipe'. It is commonly used when cleaning or drying surfaces by removing dirt, dust, or moisture. For example: I wiped the table「テーブルを拭いた」(テーブルをふいた). She wiped her tears「彼女は涙を拭いた」(かのじょはなみだをふいた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as wiping away worries or problems. It is important to note that '拭く' is often used with objects like cloths or tissues, as in '布で拭く (ぬのでふく) (wipe with a cloth)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3506

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commit

Reading

Kanji

犯Crime

Explanation

The Japanese verb '犯す (おかす)' primarily means 'to commit' and is most often used in the context of committing a crime, sin, or wrongdoing. It carries a strong negative connotation and is typically associated with serious offenses. For example: he committed a crime「彼は罪を犯した」(かれはつみをおかした). It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to violate' or 'to transgress', such as violating a rule or moral boundary. For example: she violated the rules「彼女はルールを犯した」(かのじょはルールをおかした). This verb is not used in casual or positive contexts and should be handled with care due to its serious implications.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3510

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffer

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '苦しむ (くるしむ)' means 'to suffer'. It is used to describe physical, emotional, or mental suffering. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as enduring pain, struggling with a problem, or experiencing hardship. For example: he suffers from a chronic illness「彼は慢性の病気で苦しんでいる」(かれはまんせいのびょうきでくるしんでいる). Many people suffer from loneliness「多くの人が孤独に苦しんでいる」(おおくのひとがこどくにくるしんでいる). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as in '苦しむ心 (くるしむこころ)' (a suffering heart).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3511

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Really

Reading

Kanji

果Fruit

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '果たして (はたして)' is used to express doubt, uncertainty, or to question whether something is truly the case. It often implies skepticism or curiosity about the outcome or truth of a situation. For example: I wonder if he will really come「果たして彼は来るだろうか」(はたしてかれはくるだろうか). Can it really be true?「果たしてそれは本当だろうか」(はたしてそれはほんとうだろうか). This adverb is commonly used in rhetorical questions or when the speaker is unsure about the result of something.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3513

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Build

Reading

Kanji

築Build, Fabricate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '築く (きずく)' primarily means 'to build' or 'to construct'. It is often used in the context of building physical structures, such as buildings or bridges, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe building relationships, trust, or a career. For example: He built a house「彼は家を築いた」(かれはいえをきずいた). They built a strong relationship「彼らは強い関係を築いた」(かれらはつよいかんけいをきずいた). The verb can also imply the gradual accumulation or establishment of something over time, such as wealth or a reputation. For instance: She built her career over many years「彼女は長年にわたってキャリアを築いた」(かのじょはながねんにわたってキャリアをきずいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3515

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As much as possible

Reading

Kanji

成Become 可Possible

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '成る可く (なるべく)' means 'as much as possible' or 'to the best of one's ability'. It is used to express the idea of doing something to the greatest extent feasible or within reasonable limits. This adverb is often used in requests or suggestions to encourage someone to make an effort. For example: Please come as early as possible「成る可く早く来てください」(なるべくはやくきてください). I try to eat vegetables as much as possible「成る可く野菜を食べるようにしています」(なるべくやさいをたべるようにしています). The nuance of '成る可く' implies a sense of effort or intention to achieve something within given constraints.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3525

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Connect

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '結び付く (むすびつく)' means 'to connect' or 'to be linked'. It is used to describe a relationship or connection between two or more things, whether physical, abstract, or conceptual. This verb often implies a strong or meaningful bond. For example: The two events are connected「二つの出来事が結び付いている」(ふたつのできごとがむすびついている). Their friendship is deeply connected「彼らの友情は深く結び付いている」(かれらのゆうじょうはふかくむすびついている). The verb can also be used in a more literal sense, such as tying or binding objects together, but it is more commonly used in abstract contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3534

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Preparation

Reading

Kanji

下Down 調Investigate, Tune

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '下調べ (したしらべ)' refers to the act of doing preliminary research or preparation before undertaking a task. It is often used in contexts where one needs to gather information or make arrangements in advance. For example: I did some preparation before the meeting「会議の前に下調べをした」(かいぎのまえにしたしらべをした). She always does thorough preparation before traveling「彼女は旅行の前にいつもしっかり下調べをする」(かのじょはりょこうのまえにいつもしっかりしたしらべをする). This term emphasizes the importance of being well-prepared and informed.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3537

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sigh

Reading

Kanji

息Breath

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ため息 (ためいき)' means 'sigh'. It refers to the act of exhaling audibly, often as an expression of relief, frustration, exhaustion, or deep emotion. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe a physical or emotional reaction. For example: she let out a sigh of relief「彼女は安堵のため息をついた」(かのじょはあんどのためいきをついた). He sighed deeply after hearing the news「彼はその知らせを聞いて深いため息をついた」(かれはそのしらせをきいてふかいためいきをついた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a sense of resignation or weariness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3543

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exchange

Reading

Kanji

交Mix

Explanation

The Japanese verb '交わす (かわす)' primarily means 'to exchange'. It is used when referring to the act of exchanging something, such as words, greetings, or promises. This verb often implies a mutual or reciprocal action between two or more parties. For example: they exchanged greetings「彼らは挨拶を交わした」(かれらはあいさつをかわした). We exchanged business cards「私たちは名刺を交わした」(わたしたちはめいしをかわした). Additionally, '交わす' can sometimes imply a brief or casual exchange, rather than a deep or prolonged interaction. It is important to note that this verb is often used in formal or polite contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3545

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expectedly

Reading

Kanji

案Plan, Proposal 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '案の定 (あんのじょう)' means 'expectedly' or 'as expected'. It is used to indicate that something happened exactly as one anticipated or predicted. This word often carries a nuance of inevitability or lack of surprise. For example: As expected, it rained today「案の定、今日は雨が降った」(あんのじょう、きょうはあめがふった). As expected, he was late again「案の定、彼はまた遅れた」(あんのじょう、かれはまたおくれた). This adverb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to express that the outcome was predictable.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3549

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Great, Not much

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese determiner '大した (たいした)' has two distinct meanings depending on the context. The first meaning is 'great' or 'remarkable', often used to describe something impressive or significant. For example: That's a great achievement「それは大した成果だ」(それはたいしたせいかだ). The second meaning is 'not much' or 'nothing much', typically used in negative constructions to downplay something. For example: It's not a big deal「大したことじゃない」(たいしたことじゃない). The nuance of this word depends heavily on whether it is used in a positive or negative context.

Part Of Speech

determiner

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3556

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As usual

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '相変わらず (あいかわらず)' means 'as usual' or 'still.' It is used to describe a situation or condition that remains unchanged over time, often implying continuity from the past to the present. This word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation. For example: He is still late as usual 「彼は相変わらず遅刻している」 (かれはあいかわらずちこくしている). The weather is still hot as usual 「天気は相変わらず暑い」 (てんきはあいかわらずあつい). Note that '相変わらず' is often used to convey a sense of familiarity or unchanging nature, whether it's about a habit, a state, or a condition.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3558

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oppose

Reading

Kanji

反Anti

Explanation

The Japanese verb '反する (はんする)' means 'to oppose' or 'to go against'. It is used to describe actions, opinions, or situations that are in direct contradiction or opposition to something else. For example: his actions oppose the rules「彼の行動は規則に反する」(かれのこうどうはきそくにはんする). The result was contrary to expectations「結果は予想に反していた」(けっかはよそうにはんしていた). This verb is often used in formal or written contexts to express contradiction or opposition.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3564

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bear

Reading

Kanji

担Bear, Carry

Explanation

The Japanese verb '担う (になう)' means 'to bear' or 'to shoulder' in the sense of taking on responsibility, duty, or a burden. It is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as discussing roles, responsibilities, or tasks that require significant effort or commitment. For example: He bears the responsibility of the project「彼はそのプロジェクトの責任を担う」(かれはそのプロジェクトのせきにんをになう). The company shoulders the mission of innovation「その会社は革新の使命を担う」(そのかいしゃはかくしんのしめいをになう). This verb can also imply a sense of pride or importance in the role being undertaken.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3567

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discuss

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '話し合う (はなしあう)' means 'to discuss' or 'to talk something over'. It is used when two or more people exchange opinions or ideas to reach a mutual understanding or decision. This verb emphasizes the collaborative nature of the conversation. For example: Let's discuss the plan「計画を話し合いましょう」(けいかくをはなしあいましょう). They discussed the problem for hours「彼らは何時間もその問題を話し合った」(かれらはなんじかんもそのもんだいをはなしあった). Note that '話し合う' often implies a deeper or more formal discussion compared to casual conversations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3568

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquaintance

Reading

Kanji

知Know 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知り合い (しりあい)' refers to someone you know, but not closely. It is used to describe a person with whom you have a casual or superficial relationship, rather than a close friend or family member. For example: He is just an acquaintance「彼はただの知り合いです」(かれはただのしりあいです). I met an acquaintance at the station「駅で知り合いに会いました」(えきでしりあいにはいました). The term emphasizes a level of familiarity without implying deep personal connection.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3577

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guide

Reading

Kanji

導Lead, Guide

Explanation

The Japanese verb '導く (みちびく)' means 'to guide' or 'to lead'. It is used to describe the act of showing someone the way, either physically or metaphorically. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as guiding someone through a process, leading a group, or even guiding someone to a conclusion. For example: The teacher guided the students to the correct answer「先生は生徒を正しい答えに導いた」(せんせいはせいとをただしいこたえにみちびいた). He guided the team to victory「彼はチームを勝利に導いた」(かれはチームをしょうりにみちびいた). The verb can also imply a sense of influence or direction, as in guiding someone's thoughts or actions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3580

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tremendous, Terrifying

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 凄Nifty

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '物凄い (ものすごい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'tremendous' or 'incredible', often used to describe something that is extremely impressive or intense in a positive or overwhelming way. For example: The view from the mountain was tremendous「山からの眺めは物凄かった」(やまからのながめはものすごかった). The second meaning is 'terrifying' or 'frightening', used to describe something that is extremely scary or awe-inspiring in a negative sense. For example: The storm was terrifying「嵐は物凄かった」(あらしはものすごかった). The word can also be used colloquially to emphasize intensity, such as '物凄く暑い (ものすごくあつい)' meaning 'incredibly hot'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3582

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lose

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese verb '無くす (なくす)' means 'to lose' something. It is used when someone no longer has possession of an item or when something disappears. This verb is often used in everyday situations, such as losing a personal item or misplacing something. For example: I lost my wallet「財布を無くした」(さいふをなくした). She lost her keys「彼女は鍵を無くした」(かのじょはかぎをなくした). It can also be used metaphorically, such as losing hope or losing one's way. Note that this verb is transitive and requires an object to indicate what is being lost.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3589

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moreover

Reading

Kanji

況Situation, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '況して (まして)' means 'moreover' or 'even more so'. It is used to emphasize a point, often in situations where something is already true or expected, and another related point is even more so. It is commonly used in comparisons or to strengthen an argument. For example: He can't even run, moreover, he can't jump「彼は走れない、況して跳べない」(かれははしれない、ましてとべない). If adults struggle, moreover, children will find it even harder「大人でも難しい、況して子供にはもっと難しい」(おとなでもむずかしい、ましてこどもにはもっとむずかしい). This word is often used in formal or written contexts to add emphasis.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3591

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept, Undertake

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 受Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き受ける (ひきうける)' primarily means 'to undertake' or 'to accept' a responsibility, task, or role. It implies taking on something that requires effort or commitment. For example: I will undertake this project「このプロジェクトを引き受けます」(このプロジェクトをひきうけます). He accepted the role of team leader「彼はチームリーダーの役割を引き受けた」(かれはチームリーダーのやくわりをひきうけた). The verb can also be used in contexts where someone takes responsibility for a situation or outcome, such as in 'She accepted the blame for the mistake「彼女はそのミスの責任を引き受けた」(かのじょはそのミスのせきにんをひきうけた).' The nuance of '引き受ける' often conveys a sense of willingness or readiness to handle something challenging.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3592

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Follow

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese verb '次ぐ (つぐ)' means 'to follow' or 'to come next'. It is often used to describe something that follows in sequence, rank, or time. For example: The second place team follows the first「2位のチームは1位に次ぐ」(にいのチームはいちいにつぐ). This event follows the previous one「このイベントは前のものに次ぐ」(このイベントはまえのものにつぐ). The verb can also imply succession or ranking, such as in '次ぐ地位 (つぐちい) (next in rank)'. Note that '次ぐ' is often used in formal or written contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

壊Demolition, Break down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '壊れる (こわれる)' means 'to break' or 'to be broken'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes something that breaks on its own or becomes non-functional without an external agent being specified. This verb is commonly used for objects, machines, or systems that stop working or become damaged. For example: The watch broke「時計が壊れた」(とけいがこわれた). The computer broke down「パソコンが壊れた」(パソコンがこわれた). Note that '壊れる' implies the state of being broken, whereas '壊す (こわす)' is the transitive form, meaning 'to break something'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3604

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Kanji

改Reform

Explanation

The Japanese verb '改まる (あらたまる)' primarily means 'to reform' or 'to change for the better'. It is often used in contexts where something is being improved, revised, or made more formal. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative senses, such as reforming a system or changing one's behavior. For example: The company reformed its policies「会社は方針を改まった」(かいしゃはほうしんをあらたまった). His attitude changed for the better「彼の態度が改まった」(かれのたいどがあらたまった). It's important to note that this verb often carries a connotation of positive change or improvement.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3606

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lay

Reading

Kanji

敷Spread, Lay

Explanation

The Japanese verb '敷く (しく)' primarily means 'to lay' or 'to spread out'. It is used when placing something flat over a surface, such as laying down a carpet, spreading out a blanket, or even laying railroad tracks. For example: I laid a carpet in the room「部屋にカーペットを敷いた」(へやにかーぺっとをしいた). They are laying new train tracks「新しい線路を敷いている」(あたらしいせんろをしいている). Additionally, '敷く' can be used metaphorically, such as establishing rules or foundations. For example: The company laid down new rules「会社は新しい規則を敷いた」(かいしゃはあたらしいきそくをしいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3610

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Throw, Neglect

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放る (ほうる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to throw', which refers to the action of tossing or hurling something. For example: he threw the ball「彼はボールを放った」(かれはボールをほうった). The second meaning is 'to neglect', which refers to ignoring or disregarding something. For example: she neglected her duties「彼女は仕事を放った」(かのじょはしごとをほうった). The verb can be used in both casual and formal contexts, but the nuance of neglect is more common in informal speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3611

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept, Catch

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け止める (うけとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch', as in physically catching something. For example: he caught the ball「彼はボールを受け止めた」(かれはボールをうけとめた). The second meaning is 'to accept', often used in a more abstract or emotional sense, such as accepting responsibility or feelings. For example: she accepted his feelings「彼女は彼の気持ちを受け止めた」(かのじょはかれのきもちをうけとめた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it important to consider the surrounding words to determine the intended meaning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3619

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Offer

Reading

Kanji

差Difference 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '差し出す (さしだす)' primarily means 'to offer' or 'to present something by extending it towards someone. It is often used in contexts where something is handed over or extended, such as offering a document, a hand, or an item. For example: He offered his business card「彼は名刺を差し出した」(かれはめいしをさしだした). She offered her hand to help him up「彼女は手を差し出して彼を助けた」(かのじょはてをさしだしてかれをたすけた). The verb can also imply a sense of giving or presenting something formally or politely. Note that the action typically involves physically extending something towards another person.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3620

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incorporate, Embed

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '組み込む (くみこむ)' means 'to incorporate' or 'to embed'. It is used when something is integrated or built into a system, structure, or plan. This verb often implies that the incorporated element becomes an essential or inseparable part of the whole. For example: The new feature was incorporated into the software「新しい機能がソフトウェアに組み込まれた」(あたらしいきのうがソフトウェアにくみこまれた). He embedded the code into the program「彼はコードをプログラムに組み込んだ」(かれはコードをプログラムにくみこんだ). The verb is commonly used in technical, organizational, or creative contexts to describe the process of adding or integrating components.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3622

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nostalgic

Reading

Kanji

懐Bosom, Pocket

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '懐かしい (なつかしい)' means 'nostalgic' or 'evoking fond memories'. It is used to describe something that brings back memories of the past, often with a sense of longing or warmth. This word is commonly used when encountering something familiar from one's past, such as a place, a song, or an object. For example: This song is nostalgic「この歌は懐かしい」(このうたはなつかしい). I feel nostalgic when I see this photo「この写真を見ると懐かしい気持ちになる」(このしゃしんをみるとなつかしいきもちになる). The word can also be used to express a sense of missing someone or something from the past, as in 'I miss my hometown'「故郷が懐かしい」(こきょうがなつかしい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3624

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '下す (くだす)' primarily means 'to decide' or 'to make a decision'. It is often used in formal or authoritative contexts, such as when a judge makes a ruling or when a leader makes an important decision. For example: The judge decided the case「裁判官は判決を下した」(さいばんかんははんけつをくだした). The government decided on the policy「政府は政策を下した」(せいふはせいさくをくだした). Additionally, '下す' can also mean 'to pass (something) down' or 'to give orders', but these meanings are less common and context-dependent. For example: The king gave orders to his subjects「王は臣下に命令を下した」(おうはしんかにめいれいをくだした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3641

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flattery

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 辞Word, Resign

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お世辞 (おせじ)' means 'flattery' or 'compliment', often used in a context where the speaker is being insincere or overly polite. It can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying that the praise is not entirely genuine. For example: He is just flattering you「彼はただお世辞を言っているだけだ」(かれはただおせじをいっているだけだ). Don't take her flattery seriously「彼女のお世辞を真に受けないで」(かのじょのおせじをまにうけないで). The term is often used in social situations where politeness is expected, but sincerity may be lacking.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3644

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attempt

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese verb '試みる (こころみる)' means 'to attempt' or 'to try'. It is used when someone makes an effort to do something, often implying that the action is experimental or involves some degree of challenge. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I will attempt to solve this problem「この問題を解決しようと試みる」(このもんだいをかいけつしようとこころみる). He attempted to climb the mountain「彼は山に登ろうと試みた」(かれはやまにのぼろうとこころみた). The verb can also be used to describe trying out new methods or ideas, as in '新しい方法を試みる (あたらしいほうほうをこころみる) (to try a new method)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3648

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Load, Publish

Reading

Kanji

載Load, Publish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '載せる (のせる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to load' or 'to place something on top of something else'. For example: I loaded the boxes onto the truck「箱をトラックに載せた」(はこをトラックにのせた). The second meaning is 'to publish' or 'to include something in a publication'. For example: The article was published in the newspaper「その記事は新聞に載せられた」(そのきじはしんぶんにのせられた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when someone's name is included in a list or when information is shared publicly. For example: Her name was listed on the website「彼女の名前がウェブサイトに載せられた」(かのじょのなまえがウェブサイトにのせられた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3660

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fatten

Reading

Kanji

太Thick, Fat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '太る (ふとる)' means 'to gain weight' or 'to become fat'. It is used to describe the process of increasing body weight, often due to overeating or lack of exercise. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing someone's physical condition or discussing health and diet. For example: I gained weight「太った」(ふとった). She is worried about gaining weight「彼女は太ることを心配している」(かのじょはふとることをしんぱいしている). It's important to note that '太る' is often used in a neutral or negative context, and it can be sensitive when referring to someone's weight.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3674

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gathering

Reading

Kanji

集Gather

Explanation

The Japanese noun '集まり (あつまり)' refers to a gathering or assembly of people, things, or ideas. It is commonly used to describe events where people come together, such as meetings, parties, or social gatherings. For example: There was a gathering at the park「公園で集まりがあった」(こうえんであつまりがあった). The gathering of ideas is important for innovation「アイデアの集まりは革新に重要だ」(アイデアのあつまりはかくしんにじゅうようだ). This word can also be used to describe a collection of objects or data, such as 'a collection of books' (本の集まり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3675

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Round

Reading

Kanji

丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '丸い (まるい)' means 'round'. This adjective is used to describe something that has a circular or spherical shape. It can be applied to physical objects, such as balls or plates, as well as abstract concepts like a round number. For example: the moon is round「月は丸い」(つきはまるい). She has a round face「彼女は丸い顔をしている」(かのじょはまるいかおをしている). The adjective can also be used metaphorically to describe something as harmonious or well-rounded, such as a person's personality. For instance: he has a well-rounded personality「彼は丸い性格だ」(かれはまるいせいかくだ).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3678

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese verb '効く (きく)' means 'to work' or 'to be effective'. It is commonly used to describe the effectiveness of something, such as medicine, methods, or strategies. For example: This medicine works「この薬は効く」(このくすりはきく). His plan worked「彼の計画は効いた」(かれのけいかくはきいた). It can also be used in a broader sense to indicate that something has an impact or influence. For instance: Her words worked on him「彼女の言葉が彼に効いた」(かのじょのことばがかれにきいた). Note that '効く' is often used in contexts where the effectiveness of something is being evaluated or observed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3680

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make, Brew

Reading

Kanji

造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese verb '造る (つくる)' primarily means 'to make' or 'to create'. It is often used in contexts involving the creation or production of something tangible, such as food, drinks, or objects. For example: He makes wine「彼はワインを造る」(かれはワインをつくる). The second meaning, 'to brew', is specific to the production of alcoholic beverages like sake or beer. For example: They brew sake at this factory「この工場では酒を造る」(このこうじょうではさけをつくる). The verb can also imply a sense of craftsmanship or careful production, especially when used in traditional or artisanal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3681

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chant, Assert

Reading

Kanji

唱Chant

Explanation

The Japanese verb '唱える (となえる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to chant', often used in the context of reciting or repeating something rhythmically, such as a prayer, mantra, or slogan. For example: he chanted a prayer「彼は祈りを唱えた」(かれはいのりをとなえた). The second meaning is 'to assert' or 'to claim', used when someone states or declares something firmly, often in a formal or argumentative context. For example: she asserted her opinion「彼女は意見を唱えた」(かのじょはけんをとなえた). The verb can also imply a sense of advocating or proposing an idea. Note that the nuance of '唱える' in the context of asserting often carries a formal or authoritative tone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3682

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit, Ask

Reading

Kanji

伺Inquire, Pay respects

Explanation

The Japanese verb '伺う (うかがう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to ask' or 'to inquire', often used in polite or formal situations. For example: I would like to ask a question「質問を伺いたいです」(しつもんをうかがいたいです). The second meaning is 'to visit', also used in a polite or humble context. For example: I will visit your office tomorrow「明日、御社に伺います」(あした、おんしゃにうかがいます). This verb is commonly used in business or formal settings to show respect or humility.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3695

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sway

Reading

Kanji

揺Rock, Shake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '揺れる (ゆれる)' means 'to sway' or 'to shake'. It is used to describe the movement of something that is not firmly fixed, such as trees in the wind, a boat on the water, or even emotions. For example: The trees sway in the wind「木が風で揺れる」(きがかぜでゆれる). The boat swayed on the waves「船が波で揺れた」(ふねがなみでゆれた). Her heart swayed with emotion「彼女の心は感情で揺れた」(かのじょのこころはかんじょうでゆれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe indecision or emotional instability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3696

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit

Reading

Kanji

参Participate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'お参り (おまいり)' refers to the act of visiting a shrine, temple, or grave, often for the purpose of paying respects, praying, or making offerings. It is commonly used in the context of religious or spiritual practices. For example: I will visit the shrine「お寺にお参りします」(おてらにおまいりします). We visited the grave during Obon「お盆にお墓にお参りしました」(おぼんにおはかにおまいりしました). The term carries a respectful tone and is often associated with traditional customs and rituals.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3698

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moderate, Irresponsible

Reading

Kanji

加Join, Add 減Decrease

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'いい加減 (いいかげん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'irresponsible' or 'careless', often used to describe someone who does not take their responsibilities seriously. For example: he is so irresponsible「彼はいい加減だ」(かれはいいかげんだ). The second meaning is 'moderate' or 'appropriate', used to describe something that is neither too much nor too little. For example: this temperature is just right「この温度はいい加減だ」(このおんどはいいかげんだ). The word can also imply a sense of being 'half-hearted' or 'not thorough' depending on the context. For instance: stop being so half-hearted「いい加減にしなさい」(いいかげんにしなさい).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3703

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expel

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '追い出す (おいだす)' means 'to expel' or 'to drive out'. It is used when someone or something is forcibly removed from a place. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as expelling a person from a room, driving out animals, or even metaphorically expelling negative thoughts. For example: The teacher expelled the noisy student from the classroom「先生はうるさい生徒を教室から追い出した」(せんせいはうるさいせいとをきょうしつからおいだした). They drove the stray cat out of the garden「彼らは野良猫を庭から追い出した」(かれらはのらねこをにわからおいだした). The verb '追い出す' often carries a sense of force or urgency, implying that the action is not voluntary on the part of the person or thing being expelled.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3704

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

While, Beside

Reading

Kanji

傍Side, Nearby

Explanation

The Japanese noun '傍ら (かたわら)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'beside', referring to a physical location next to something or someone. For example: She sat beside the river「彼女は川の傍らに座った」(かのじょはかわのかたわらにすわった). The second meaning is 'while', indicating that an action is happening simultaneously with another. For example: He worked while studying「彼は勉強の傍ら働いていた」(かれはべんきょうのかたわらはたらいていた). This dual meaning makes '傍ら' a versatile word in Japanese, used both spatially and temporally.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3705

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrust

Reading

Kanji

預Deposit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '預ける (あずける)' means 'to entrust' or 'to leave something in someone's care'. It is commonly used when you want to leave an object, responsibility, or even a person in the care of someone else. For example: I entrusted my bag to the hotel「ホテルに荷物を預けた」(ほてるににもつをあずけた). She left her child with her friend「彼女は友達に子供を預けた」(かのじょはともだちにこどもをあずけた). This verb implies a sense of trust and reliance on the person being entrusted. It can also be used in financial contexts, such as depositing money in a bank.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3713

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Changing

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear 替Replace, Exchange

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '着替え (きがえ)' refers to the act of changing clothes. It is commonly used in daily life to describe the process of switching from one set of clothes to another, such as when getting dressed in the morning or changing into pajamas at night. For example: I need to change clothes「着替えが必要です」(きがえがひつようです). She is changing clothes now「彼女は今着替えています」(かのじょはいまきがえています). This word is often used in contexts related to daily routines, travel, or preparing for specific activities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3738

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recover

Reading

Kanji

取Take 戻Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り戻す (とりもどす)' means 'to recover' or 'to regain'. It is used when someone retrieves something that was lost, taken, or diminished. This can apply to physical objects, abstract concepts like time or health, or even emotional states. For example: I recovered my lost wallet「なくした財布を取り戻した」(なくしたさいふをとりもどした). She regained her confidence「彼女は自信を取り戻した」(かのじょはじしんをとりもどした). The verb often implies effort or struggle in the process of recovery. It can also be used in contexts like recovering lost time or reclaiming a position or status.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3742

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raise, Withdraw

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き上げる (ひきあげる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to raise' or 'to lift up', often used in contexts involving physical elevation or increasing something. For example: they raised the flag「彼らは旗を引き上げた」(かれらははたをひきあげた). The second meaning is 'to withdraw' or 'to pull back', commonly used in contexts involving retreating or removing something. For example: the troops withdrew from the area「部隊はその地域から引き上げた」(ぶたいはそのちいきからひきあげた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as withdrawing money or raising prices. Note that the meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3743

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cover

Reading

Kanji

被Incur, Be subjected to

Explanation

The Japanese verb '被せる (かぶせる)' means 'to cover' or 'to place something over another object'. It is often used when describing the action of covering something with a lid, a cloth, or another object. For example: She covered the pot with a lid「彼女は鍋に蓋を被せた」(かのじょはなべにふたをかぶせた). He covered the child with a blanket「彼は子供に毛布を被せた」(かれはこどもにもうふをかぶせた). Additionally, '被せる' can also be used metaphorically, such as when blaming someone else for a mistake: They tried to cover the mistake by blaming me「彼らは私に責任を被せようとした」(かれらはわたしにせきにんをかぶせようとした). This verb is transitive and requires a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3750

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use, Messenger

Reading

Kanji

使Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使い (つかい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'use', referring to the act of utilizing something. For example: the use of this tool is easy「この道具の使いは簡単だ」(このどうぐのつかいはかんたんだ). The second meaning is 'messenger', referring to a person who delivers a message. For example: he sent a messenger「彼は使いを送った」(かれはつかいをおくった). The context in which '使い' is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that '使い' can also appear in compound words, such as '使い方 (つかいかた)' which means 'way of use' or 'how to use'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3753

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Useful

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '役立つ (やくだつ)' means 'to be useful' or 'to serve a purpose'. It is often used to describe something or someone that provides practical help or value in a specific situation. For example: This book is useful for studying「この本は勉強に役立つ」(このほんはべんきょうにやくだつ). His advice was very useful「彼のアドバイスはとても役立った」(かれのアドバイスはとてもやくだった). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate something is not useful, as in '役立たない (やくだたない) (not useful)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3755

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pocket money

Reading

Kanji

小Small 遣Use, Dispatch

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小遣い (こづかい)' refers to a small amount of money given regularly, typically to children or family members, for personal expenses. It is often used in the context of allowance or spending money. For example: I received pocket money from my parents「親から小遣いをもらった」(おやからこづかいをもらった). I spent all my pocket money on snacks「小遣いを全部お菓子に使った」(こづかいをぜんぶおかしにつかった). The word can also imply a sense of independence or responsibility in managing one's own finances, even if the amount is small.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3760

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Address

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '話し掛ける (はなしかける)' means 'to address' or 'to start a conversation with someone'. It is used when someone initiates a conversation or speaks to another person, often to get their attention or to begin a dialogue. This verb implies an action of reaching out verbally to someone. For example: She addressed the stranger「彼女は見知らぬ人に話し掛けた」(かのじょはみしらぬひとにはなしかけた). He started a conversation with his colleague「彼は同僚に話し掛けた」(かれはどうりょうにはなしかけた). The verb can be used in various contexts, from casual to formal, depending on the situation and the relationship between the speakers.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3762

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Kanji

貧Poor

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '貧しい (まずしい)' means 'poor'. This adjective is used to describe a lack of material wealth or resources. It can refer to individuals, families, or even regions that are economically disadvantaged. For example: he is poor「彼は貧しい」(かれはまずしい). The village is poor「その村は貧しい」(そのむらはまずしい). Additionally, '貧しい' can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is lacking in quality or richness, such as '貧しい想像力 (まずしいそうぞうりょく) (poor imagination)'. This adjective is often used in contexts discussing social issues, economic conditions, or personal circumstances.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3765

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anyway

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何しろ (なにしろ)' is used to emphasize a reason or situation, often translated as 'anyway', 'after all', or 'in any case'. It is commonly used to introduce a justification or explanation for something. For example: Anyway, it's too late now「何しろ、もう遅い」(なにしろ、もうおそい). After all, he's the boss「何しろ、彼は上司だ」(なにしろ、かれはじょうしだ). This word is often used in conversational contexts to stress a point or to acknowledge a situation before moving forward.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3766

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rest, Break

Reading

Kanji

休Rest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '休み (やすみ)' primarily means 'rest' or 'break'. It refers to a period of time when one stops working, studying, or engaging in regular activities to relax or recover. This word is commonly used in contexts such as taking a day off from work or school, or during holidays. For example: I will take a rest tomorrow「明日は休みを取ります」(あしたはやすみをとります). The school is on break next week「来週は学校が休みです」(らいしゅうはがっこうがやすみです). It can also refer to a pause or interruption in an activity, such as a coffee break「コーヒー休み」(コーヒーやすみ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3770

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting