言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Muscle

Reading

Kanji

肉Meat 筋Muscle, Tendon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筋肉 (きんにく)' means 'muscle'. It refers to the tissue in the body that contracts to produce movement. This word is commonly used in contexts related to anatomy, fitness, and health. For example: He has strong muscles「彼は筋肉が強い」(かれはきんにくがつよい). I need to exercise to build muscle「筋肉をつけるために運動が必要だ」(きんにくをつけるためにうんどうがひつようだ). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe strength or effort, as in '筋肉労働 (きんにくろうどう) (manual labor)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Storage

Reading

Kanji

庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '庫 (こ)' means 'storage' and is commonly used in compound words to denote a place or facility where something is stored. It is often attached to nouns to specify the type of storage, such as a warehouse, garage, or repository. For example: car garage「車庫」(しゃこ). warehouse「倉庫」(そうこ). It is important to note that '庫' is rarely used as a standalone word and is typically part of a larger compound. The suffix carries a formal or technical nuance, often used in contexts related to infrastructure, logistics, or organization.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3202

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

English Japanese

Reading

Kanji

和Peace 英England, Distinguished

Explanation

The Japanese noun '英和 (えいわ)' refers to something that is related to both English and Japanese, often used in the context of dictionaries or language resources. It is commonly seen in the titles of English-Japanese dictionaries, such as '英和辞典 (えいわじてん)'. For example: I bought an English-Japanese dictionary「英和辞典を買いました」(えいわじてんをかいました). This book is an English-Japanese translation guide「この本は英和翻訳ガイドです」(このほんはえいわほんやくガイドです). The term can also be used more broadly to describe anything that bridges English and Japanese languages or cultures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reality

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '実態 (じったい)' means 'reality' or 'actual state'. It refers to the true condition or essence of something, often contrasting with appearances or assumptions. This word is commonly used in formal or analytical contexts to describe the underlying truth of a situation. For example: the reality of the situation is harsh「実態は厳しい」(じったいはきびしい). We need to understand the actual state of the economy「経済の実態を理解する必要がある」(けいざいのじったいをりかいするひつようがある). Note that '実態' is often used in discussions about social issues, business, or research to emphasize factual conditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3204

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tax

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 税Tax

Explanation

The Japanese noun '税金 (ぜいきん)' means 'tax'. It refers to the mandatory financial charge or levy imposed by the government on individuals or entities to fund public expenditures. This word is commonly used in discussions about finances, government policies, or personal budgeting. For example: I paid my taxes「税金を払いました」(ぜいきんをはらいました). The tax rate increased this year「今年は税金が上がりました」(ことしはぜいきんがあがりました). It is important to note that '税金' is a general term and can refer to various types of taxes, such as income tax, sales tax, or property tax.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3205

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sign, Signature

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'サイン (sain)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'signature', referring to a person's handwritten name or mark used to confirm identity or agreement. For example: please write your signature here「ここにサインを書いてください」(ここにサインをかいてください). The second meaning is 'sign', often used in contexts like traffic signs or symbolic gestures. For example: the sign says 'stop'「そのサインは『止まれ』と言っています」(そのサインは『とまれ』といっています). Note that 'サイン' is a loanword from English, and its usage is common in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

3206

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ocean

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 洋Ocean, Western style

Explanation

The Japanese noun '海洋 (かいよう)' refers to the 'ocean' or 'sea'. It is a formal term often used in scientific, geographical, or technical contexts to describe large bodies of saltwater. For example: the ocean is vast「海洋は広大だ」(かいようはこうだいだ). Marine life thrives in the ocean「海洋には海洋生物が生息している」(かいようにはかいようせいぶつがせいそくしている). This word is distinct from more casual terms like '海 (うみ)', which simply means 'sea' or 'beach' and is used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Storehouse

Reading

Kanji

蔵Storehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '蔵 (くら)' refers to a 'storehouse' or 'warehouse', a place where goods, especially food, alcohol, or valuables, are stored. It is often associated with traditional Japanese architecture and is commonly used in contexts related to storage, preservation, or historical buildings. For example: The sake is stored in the storehouse「酒は蔵に保管されている」(さけはくらにほかんされている). This old storehouse has been here for centuries「この古い蔵は何世紀も前からここにある」(このふるいくらはなんせいきもまえからここにある). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a repository of knowledge or memories.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Westerner

Reading

Kanji

人Person 洋Ocean, Western style 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西洋人 (せいようじん)' refers to a person from the Western world, particularly Europe or North America. It is a neutral term used to describe someone of Western origin or descent. The word is composed of '西洋 (せいよう)', meaning 'the West' or 'Western', and '人 (じん)', meaning 'person'. Example sentences: The Westerner is tall「その西洋人は背が高い」(そのせいようじんはせがたかい). I met a Westerner at the station「駅で西洋人に会った」(えきでせいようじんにあった). This term is commonly used in contexts where distinguishing between Western and non-Western individuals is relevant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decorate

Reading

Kanji

飾Decorate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飾る (かざる)' means 'to decorate' or 'to adorn'. It is used when embellishing or beautifying something, such as a room, a cake, or even oneself. This verb can be applied to both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: She decorated the room with flowers「彼女は部屋を花で飾った」(かのじょはへやをはなでかざった). He adorned himself with jewelry「彼は宝石で身を飾った」(かれはほうせきでみをかざった). The verb can also imply adding something to enhance appearance or value, as in 'to embellish a story'「話を飾る」(はなしをかざる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3210

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Keep

Reading

Kanji

飼Domesticate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飼う (かう)' means 'to keep' or 'to raise' and is specifically used in the context of keeping animals as pets or livestock. It implies taking care of an animal over time. For example: I keep a dog「犬を飼う」(いぬをかう). They raise chickens「彼らは鶏を飼う」(かれらはにわとりをかう). This verb is commonly used when talking about pets or domesticated animals, and it carries a sense of responsibility and care.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3211

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gather, Align

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'そろう (sorou)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to align' or 'to be in order,' often used when things are arranged neatly or in a specific sequence. For example: The books are aligned on the shelf「本が棚にそろっている」(ほんがたなにそろっている). The second meaning is 'to gather' or 'to assemble,' referring to people or things coming together in one place. For example: Everyone gathered at the park「みんなが公園にそろった」(みんながこうえんにそろった). The verb can be used in both transitive and intransitive forms, depending on the context. It is commonly used in everyday situations to describe organization or the act of coming together.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3212

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weapon

Reading

Kanji

器Vessel 武Military

Explanation

The Japanese noun '武器 (ぶき)' means 'weapon'. This term refers to any tool or instrument used to inflict harm or damage, typically in combat or self-defense. It can be used literally, such as swords or guns, or metaphorically, such as skills or strategies. For example: he carries a weapon「彼は武器を持っている」(かれはぶきをもっている). Knowledge is a powerful weapon「知識は強力な武器だ」(ちしきはきょうりょくなぶきだ). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as in business or sports, to describe something that gives an advantage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relative

Reading

Kanji

類Kind, Type 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親類 (しんるい)' refers to a 'relative' or 'relation', specifically someone connected by blood or marriage. It is a general term used to describe family members beyond the immediate family, such as cousins, aunts, uncles, or in-laws. For example: He is my relative「彼は私の親類です」(かれはわたしのしんるいです). We have many relatives「私たちは親類が多いです」(わたしたちはしんるいがおおいです). The word is often used in formal or neutral contexts and can sometimes imply a broader family network.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3214

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nagoya

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ナゴヤ' refers to the city of Nagoya, which is the largest city in the Chūbu region of Japan and the fourth most populous urban area in the country. Nagoya is known for its historical sites, modern architecture, and as a major economic hub. Example sentences: I visited Nagoya last year「去年ナゴヤを訪れました」(きょねんなごやをおとずれました). Nagoya Castle is beautiful「ナゴヤ城は美しい」(なごやじょうはうつくしい).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

3215

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Befriend

Reading

Kanji

親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese verb '親しむ (したしむ)' means 'to befriend' or 'to become familiar with'. It is used to describe the process of getting close to someone or something, often implying a sense of intimacy or comfort. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as forming friendships, getting accustomed to a new environment, or developing a liking for something. For example: I want to befriend my new classmates「新しいクラスメートと親しみたい」(あたらしいクラスメートとしたしみたい). He has become familiar with the local culture「彼は地元の文化に親しんでいる」(かれはじもとのぶんかにしたしんでいる). It's important to note that '親しむ' often carries a positive connotation, suggesting a warm and friendly relationship.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3216

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Notebook

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ノート (のーと)' means 'notebook'. It refers to a book with blank or ruled pages for writing notes, often used in school or work settings. This word is borrowed from English and is written in katakana. For example: I bought a new notebook「新しいノートを買いました」(あたらしいのーとをかいました). Please write your notes in the notebook「ノートにメモを書いてください」(のーとにめもをかいてください). The word can also refer to a laptop computer in some contexts, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to avoid confusion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3217

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cover, Deceive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ごまかす (ごまかす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to deceive' or 'to trick', often implying a dishonest act. The second is 'to cover up' or 'to gloss over', which can refer to hiding mistakes or flaws. This verb is commonly used in situations where someone is trying to mislead others or avoid responsibility. For example: He tried to deceive his boss「彼は上司をごまかそうとした」(かれはじょうしをごまかそうとした). She covered up her mistake「彼女はミスをごまかした」(かのじょはミスをごまかした). The verb can also be used in a more casual sense, such as when someone is trying to get away with something without being noticed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3218

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pattern

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パターン' (pataan) means 'pattern'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used in various contexts to describe a repeated design, a predictable sequence, or a model that serves as a guide. For example: This fabric has a beautiful pattern「この生地は美しいパターンがある」(このきじはうつくしいパターンがある). His behavior follows a predictable pattern「彼の行動は予測可能なパターンに従う」(かれのこうどうはよそくかのうなパターンにしたがう). The word is versatile and can be applied to fashion, behavior, mathematics, and more.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3219

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Real, Genuine

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 本Book, Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本物 (ほんもの)' refers to something that is genuine, authentic, or real, as opposed to being fake or imitation. It is often used to describe objects, experiences, or even people. For example: This is a genuine diamond「これは本物のダイヤモンドです」(これはほんもののダイヤモンドです). He is a real artist「彼は本物の芸術家です」(かれはほんもののげいじゅつかです). The word can also imply a sense of quality or excellence, as in '本物の味 (ほんもののあじ) (authentic taste)'. It is commonly used in contexts where distinguishing between real and fake is important.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3220

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Restaurant

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'レストラン (resutoran)' means 'restaurant'. It is a loanword from English and refers to a place where meals are served to customers. This term is commonly used in Japan to describe Western-style dining establishments, as opposed to traditional Japanese eateries like '居酒屋 (いざかや)' or '寿司屋 (すしや)'. For example: Let's eat at that restaurant「あのレストランで食べましょう」(あのレストランでたべましょう). The restaurant is crowded「レストランは混んでいます」(レストランはこんでいます). It's important to note that 'レストラン' is often used in casual and formal contexts alike, making it a versatile term in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3221

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bite, Chew

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かむ (kamu)' can mean either 'to bite' or 'to chew', depending on the context. When used to mean 'to bite', it refers to the action of using teeth to cut or grip something. For example: the dog bit the bone「犬が骨をかんだ」(いぬがほねをかんだ). When used to mean 'to chew', it refers to the action of grinding food with the teeth. For example: chew your food well「よくかんで食べなさい」(よくかんでたべなさい). The verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as eating or describing animal behavior.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3222

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thumb

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親指 (おやゆび)' refers to the 'thumb', the shortest and thickest digit of the human hand. It is used in various contexts, such as describing body parts, gestures, or actions involving the thumb. For example: I hurt my thumb「親指をけがした」(おやゆびをけがした). He gave a thumbs up「彼は親指を立てた」(かれはおやゆびをたてた). The thumb is often contrasted with other fingers, such as in the phrase '親指と人差し指 (おやゆびとひとさしゆび) (thumb and index finger)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Familiarity

Reading

Kanji

親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親しみ (したしみ)' refers to a sense of familiarity, closeness, or warmth towards someone or something. It is often used to describe the feeling of being comfortable or at ease with a person, place, or concept. For example: I feel a sense of familiarity with this town「この町に親しみを感じる」(このまちにしたしみをかんじる). His smile gives me a warm feeling「彼の笑顔に親しみを感じる」(かれのえがおにしたしみをかんじる). This word is commonly used in contexts where there is an emotional connection or a sense of ease.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3224

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Member

Reading

Kanji

員Member 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会員 (かいいん)' means 'member'. It refers to someone who is part of a group, organization, club, or association. This term is commonly used in contexts like gym memberships, online services, or professional organizations. For example: I am a member of this club「私はこのクラブの会員です」(わたしはこのクラブのかいいんです). He became a new member of the team「彼はチームの新しい会員になりました」(かれはチームのあたらしいかいいんになりました). The word can also imply a sense of belonging or participation in a specific community or system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emperor

Reading

Kanji

皇Emperor 帝Emperor, Sovereign

Explanation

The Japanese noun '皇帝 (こうてい)' refers to an 'emperor', specifically a sovereign ruler of an empire. This term is often used in historical or formal contexts to describe the supreme monarch of a large territory or empire. For example: The emperor ruled the vast empire「皇帝は広大な帝国を治めた」(こうていはこうだいなていこくをおさめた). The emperor's palace was magnificent「皇帝の宮殿は壮大だった」(こうていのきゅうでんはそうだいだった). In modern usage, it is less common but still appears in historical discussions or titles, such as 'Roman Emperor'「ローマ皇帝」(ろーまこうてい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3226

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrangement, Placement

Reading

Kanji

置Put 配Distribute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '配置 (はいち)' refers to the arrangement or placement of objects, people, or elements in a specific order or position. It is commonly used in contexts such as organizing furniture, positioning items, or assigning roles. For example: the arrangement of the furniture is good「家具の配置が良い」(かぐのはいちがいい). The placement of the employees was carefully planned「社員の配置は慎重に計画された」(しゃいんのはいちはしんちょうにけいかくされた). This word emphasizes the deliberate and strategic nature of arranging or placing something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3227

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aquarium

Reading

Kanji

族Family 館Building 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水族館 (すいぞくかん)' refers to an 'aquarium', a facility where aquatic animals and plants are kept and displayed for public viewing. This word is commonly used to describe places that house marine life, such as fish, dolphins, and other sea creatures, often for educational or entertainment purposes. Example sentences: Let's go to the aquarium「水族館に行きましょう」(すいぞくかんにいきましょう). The aquarium has many colorful fish「その水族館にはたくさんの色とりどりの魚がいます」(そのすいぞくかんにはたくさんのいろとりどりのさかながいます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3228

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year end

Reading

Kanji

末End 歳Year, Years old

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歳末 (さいまつ)' refers to the end of the year, particularly the period leading up to the New Year. This term is often used in contexts related to year-end activities, such as cleaning, shopping, or preparing for celebrations. It carries a sense of closure and preparation for the upcoming year. Example sentences: The year-end sales are starting「歳末セールが始まります」(さいまつセールがはじまります). We are busy with year-end preparations「歳末の準備で忙しい」(さいまつのじゅんびでいそがしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intellectual

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'インテリ (いんてり)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'intellectual'. It refers to a person who is highly educated, knowledgeable, or engaged in intellectual pursuits. This term is often used to describe individuals who are well-read, cultured, or involved in academic or artistic fields. For example: He is a true intellectual「彼は本当のインテリだ」(かれはほんとうのいんてりだ). The party was full of intellectuals「そのパーティーはインテリでいっぱいだった」(そのぱーてぃーはいんてりでいっぱいだった). Note that this term can sometimes carry a slightly sarcastic or critical tone, depending on the context, implying someone who is overly intellectual or pretentious.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3230

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunday

Reading

Kanji

曜Weekday 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日曜 (にちよう)' refers to 'Sunday', the first day of the week in the Japanese calendar. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and writing to denote the day of the week. For example: I will go to the park on Sunday「日曜に公園に行きます」(にちようにこうえんにいきます). Sunday is a holiday「日曜は休日です」(にちようはきゅうじつです). The word is often combined with other terms to specify events or activities occurring on Sunday, such as '日曜日 (にちようび)' which also means 'Sunday' but is slightly more formal.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Best

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ベスト (besuto)' means 'best'. It is a loanword from English, commonly used in contexts related to performance, quality, or effort. For example: This is my best work「これは私のベストです」(これはわたしのベストです). He did his best in the competition「彼は競技でベストを尽くした」(かれはきょうぎでベストをつくした). The word can also refer to a 'vest' (as in clothing), but this usage is less common and typically clarified by context. For example: He wore a vest「彼はベストを着ていた」(かれはベストをきていた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3232

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endure

Reading

Kanji

堪Endure

Explanation

The Japanese verb '堪る (たまる)' means 'to endure' or 'to bear'. It is often used in negative contexts to express that something is unbearable or intolerable. For example: I can't endure this heat「この暑さには堪らない」(このあつさにはたまらない). It can also be used in a more general sense to describe enduring a difficult situation. For example: He endured the pain「彼は痛みに堪えた」(かれはいたみにたえた). The verb is commonly used in its negative form to express frustration or inability to tolerate something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3233

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gradually

Reading

Kanji

次Next 第Ordinal number

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '次第に (しだいに)' means 'gradually'. It is used to describe a process or change that occurs slowly over time. This adverb is often used in contexts where something is evolving or progressing in a steady manner. For example: The sky gradually darkened「空が次第に暗くなった」(そらがしだいにくらくなった). Her health gradually improved「彼女の健康は次第に回復した」(かのじょのけんこうはしだいにかいふくした). It can also be used to indicate that something will happen in due course, depending on circumstances, as in 'I will contact you as soon as possible「次第に連絡します」(しだいにれんらくします)'. Note that this usage is less common and more formal.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3234

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pot

Reading

Kanji

鍋Pot

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鍋 (なべ)' refers to a 'pot', typically used for cooking. It can describe various types of pots, such as those used for boiling, stewing, or frying. In Japanese cuisine, '鍋' is also associated with hot pot dishes, where ingredients are cooked together in a communal pot. Example sentences: I bought a new pot「新しい鍋を買いました」(あたらしいなべをかいました). Let's make hot pot tonight「今夜は鍋を作りましょう」(こんやはなべをつくりましょう). The pot is on the stove「鍋がコンロの上にあります」(なべがコンロのうえにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consumer

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 者Someone 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消費者 (しょうひしゃ)' means 'consumer'. This term refers to an individual or entity that purchases goods or services for personal use rather than for resale or commercial purposes. It is commonly used in economic, business, and marketing contexts. For example: Consumers are becoming more environmentally conscious「消費者は環境意識が高まっている」(しょうひしゃはかんきょういしきがたかまっている). The company focuses on consumer needs「その会社は消費者のニーズに焦点を当てている」(そのかいしゃはしょうひしゃのニーズにしょうてんをあてている). The word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Patent

Reading

Kanji

許Permit, Allow 特Special

Explanation

The Japanese noun '特許 (とっきょ)' refers to a 'patent', which is an exclusive right granted for an invention. This term is commonly used in legal, business, and technological contexts. A patent allows the holder to prevent others from making, using, or selling the invention without permission. For example: He applied for a patent「彼は特許を申請した」(かれはとっきょをしんせいした). This technology is protected by a patent「この技術は特許で保護されている」(このぎじゅつはとっきょでほごされている). The word can also appear in compound terms like '特許権 (とっきょけん)' (patent rights) or '特許庁 (とっきょちょう)' (patent office).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3237

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Artificial

Reading

Kanji

人Person 工Construction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人工 (じんこう)' means 'artificial'. It refers to something that is made or produced by human beings rather than occurring naturally. This term is often used in contexts related to technology, science, and nature. For example: artificial intelligence「人工知能」(じんこうちのう). artificial lake「人工湖」(じんこうこ). It can also be used to describe something that is man-made or synthetic, such as artificial flowers「人工の花」(じんこうのはな). The term emphasizes the contrast between natural and human-created elements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3238

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Army

Reading

Kanji

軍Army 陸Land

Explanation

The Japanese noun '陸軍 (りくぐん)' refers specifically to the 'army' or 'land forces' of a military. It is used to describe the branch of a nation's armed forces that conducts land-based military operations. This term is distinct from other branches like the navy (海軍, かいぐん) or air force (空軍, くうぐん). For example: The army is conducting exercises「陸軍が演習を行っている」(りくぐんがえんしゅうをおこなっている). He joined the army「彼は陸軍に入った」(かれはりくぐんにはいった). The term is often used in historical or formal contexts, particularly when discussing military organizations or strategies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Britain

Reading

Kanji

英England, Distinguished 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '英国 (えいこく)' refers to 'Britain' or 'the United Kingdom'. It is a formal term often used in written or official contexts. For example: I went to Britain last year「去年英国に行きました」(きょねんえいこくにいきました). Britain is famous for its history「英国は歴史で有名です」(えいこくはれきしでゆうめいです). The term is derived from the kanji 英 (えい), meaning 'England' or 'British', and 国 (こく), meaning 'country'. It is important to note that this term is more formal than 'イギリス', which is the more commonly used term in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immediately

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '直ちに (ただちに)' means 'immediately' or 'at once'. It is used to indicate that something should be done without any delay. This word is often used in formal or urgent contexts, such as instructions, warnings, or official announcements. For example: Please leave the building immediately「直ちに建物を出てください」(ただちにたてものをでてください). The doctor came immediately「医者は直ちに来た」(いしゃはただちにきた). Note that '直ちに' carries a sense of urgency and is more formal than other similar words like 'すぐに'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3241

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sharing, Joint ownership

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 共Together

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共有 (きょうゆう)' refers to the act of sharing something or the state of joint ownership. It is commonly used in contexts where resources, information, or responsibilities are shared among multiple people or entities. For example: We share the same goals「私たちは同じ目標を共有しています」(わたしたちはおなじもくひょうをきょうゆうしています). This house is under joint ownership「この家は共有されています」(このいえはきょうゆうされています). The term can also be used in technology, such as 'file sharing' (ファイル共有, ファイルきょうゆう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3242

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Measure

Reading

Kanji

測Measure, Conjecture

Explanation

The Japanese verb '測る (はかる)' means 'to measure'. This verb is used when quantifying or determining the size, amount, degree, or extent of something. It can be applied to physical measurements, such as length or weight, as well as abstract concepts like time or emotions. For example: I measured the length of the table「テーブルの長さを測った」(テーブルのながさをはかった). He measured his blood pressure「彼は血圧を測った」(かれはけつあつをはかった). The verb can also imply assessing or estimating something, such as in '測り知れない (はかりしれない)', meaning 'immeasurable' or 'beyond comprehension'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3243

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

After all

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 局Bureau

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '結局 (けっきょく)' means 'after all' or 'in the end'. It is used to indicate the final outcome or conclusion of a situation, often after considering various possibilities or events. This word is commonly used to summarize or reflect on the result of a process or series of actions. For example: After all, we decided not to go「結局、行かないことにした」(けっきょく、いかないことにした). In the end, it was a waste of time「結局、時間の無駄だった」(けっきょく、じかんのむだだった). It can also imply a sense of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Newlywed

Reading

Kanji

新New 婚Marriage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新婚 (しんこん)' refers to the state of being newly married, specifically describing a couple who have recently entered into marriage. It is often used to describe the period shortly after marriage, typically characterized by happiness and adjustment to married life. For example: They are newlyweds「彼らは新婚です」(かれらはしんこんです). The newlywed couple went on a honeymoon「新婚夫婦はハネムーンに行きました」(しんこんふうふはハネムーンにいきました). This term is commonly used in contexts related to marriage, relationships, and celebrations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Engagement

Reading

Kanji

婚Marriage 約Promise, Approximately

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '婚約 (こんやく)' refers to the state of being engaged to be married. It is used to describe the formal agreement or promise to marry someone. This term is often used in formal contexts, such as announcing an engagement or discussing marriage plans. For example: They announced their engagement「彼らは婚約を発表した」(かれらはこんやくをはっぴょうした). She broke off her engagement「彼女は婚約を解消した」(かのじょはこんやくをかいしょうした). The word can also be used in compound terms like '婚約指輪 (こんやくゆびわ)' (engagement ring).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3246

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sugar

Reading

Kanji

砂Sand 糖Sugar

Explanation

The Japanese noun '砂糖 (さとう)' means 'sugar'. It refers to the sweet crystalline substance used to flavor food and drinks. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as cooking or discussing food. For example: I put sugar in my coffee「コーヒーに砂糖を入れました」(コーヒーにさとうをいれました). This cake has a lot of sugar「このケーキは砂糖が多い」(このケーキはさとうがおおい). The word '砂糖' is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Morality

Reading

Kanji

徳Virtue 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '道徳 (どうとく)' refers to 'morality' or 'ethical principles'. It is used to describe the system of values and principles concerning the distinction between right and wrong behavior. This term is often used in discussions about societal norms, personal ethics, and philosophical teachings. For example: Morality is important in society「道徳は社会で重要です」(どうとくはしゃかいでじゅうようです). Teaching morality to children is essential「子供に道徳を教えることは大切です」(こどもにどうとくをおしえることはたいせつです). The word is commonly used in educational and philosophical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mathematics

Reading

Kanji

数Number 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '数学 (すうがく)' means 'mathematics'. It refers to the academic discipline that involves the study of numbers, quantities, shapes, and patterns. This word is commonly used in educational contexts, such as in schools or universities, to refer to the subject of math. For example: I like mathematics「私は数学が好きです」(わたしはすうがくがすきです). Mathematics is difficult「数学は難しい」(すうがくはむずかしい). The word can also be used in broader contexts to discuss mathematical concepts or problems.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3249

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Product

Reading

Kanji

産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '産 (さん)' is used to indicate the origin or place of production of something. It is often attached to the name of a place or country to specify where a product or item comes from. For example: Japanese-made「日本産」(にほんさん). This suffix is commonly used in contexts related to food, goods, or materials to highlight their origin. For instance: This is a product of France「これはフランス産です」(これはフランスさんです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being 'produced' or 'originating' from a particular place or source.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strike

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ストライキ (sutoraiki)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'strike'. It refers to a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work, typically as a form of protest. This term is commonly used in the context of labor disputes and can be applied to various industries. For example: The workers went on strike「労働者がストライキをした」(ろうどうしゃがストライキをした). The strike lasted for three days「そのストライキは三日間続いた」(そのストライキはみっかかんつづいた). It's important to note that 'ストライキ' is often used in formal or news contexts, and it carries the same connotations as its English counterpart.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3251

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effect

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese noun '効き目 (ききめ)' refers to the 'effect' or 'efficacy' of something, often used in the context of medicine, remedies, or actions. It implies a noticeable or measurable result. For example: The medicine had a strong effect「薬の効き目が強かった」(くすりのききめがつよかった). This method has no effect「この方法には効き目がない」(このほうほうにはききめがない). The word is commonly used when discussing the effectiveness of treatments, strategies, or efforts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3252

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance, Pattern

Reading

Kanji

様Way, Form 模Imitation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '模様 (もよう)' primarily means 'pattern', referring to designs or arrangements, such as on fabric or in nature. It can also mean 'appearance' or 'state', indicating how something looks or the condition it is in. For example: The kimono has a beautiful pattern「その着物は美しい模様がある」(そのきものはうつくしいもようがある). The weather seems to be taking a turn for the worse「天気が悪くなる模様だ」(てんきがわるくなるもようだ). The dual meanings are context-dependent, with 'pattern' being more common in physical descriptions and 'appearance' used in more abstract or situational contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dragon

Reading

Kanji

竜Dragon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '竜 (りゅう)' refers to a 'dragon', a mythical creature often depicted as a large, serpentine or reptilian being with magical or spiritual qualities. In Japanese culture, dragons are typically seen as benevolent and associated with water, rain, and protection. They are a common motif in folklore, art, and festivals. Example sentences: The dragon flew across the sky「竜が空を飛んだ」(りゅうがそらをとんだ). The shrine is guarded by a dragon「その神社は竜に守られている」(そのじんじゃはりゅうにまもられている). Note that '竜' is often used in names, stories, and symbolic contexts, and it carries a more traditional or mythical connotation compared to the word 'ドラゴン' (doragon), which is used for Western-style dragons.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rely

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verb '頼る (たよる)' means 'to rely on' or 'to depend on'. It is used when someone depends on another person, thing, or situation for support or help. This verb often implies a sense of trust or necessity in the reliance. For example: I rely on my friends「私は友達に頼る」(わたしはともだちにたよる). He depends on his parents for money「彼はお金を親に頼る」(かれはおかねをおやにたよる). The verb can also be used in a negative context, such as when someone relies too much on others. Note that '頼る' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the person or thing being relied upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3255

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Each

Reading

Kanji

自Self 各Each

Explanation

The Japanese noun '各自 (かくじ)' means 'each' or 'each person'. It is used to refer to individuals within a group, emphasizing that each person is responsible for themselves or has their own role. This term is often used in contexts where individual responsibility or action is highlighted. For example: Each person should bring their own lunch「各自、お弁当を持参してください」(かくじ、おべんとうをじさんしてください). Each student must complete their homework「各自、宿題を終わらせなければなりません」(かくじ、しゅくだいをおわらせなければなりません). The word is commonly used in formal or instructional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3256

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Naturally

Reading

Kanji

自Self 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '自然に (しぜんに)' means 'naturally'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur in a natural, spontaneous, or unforced manner. This adverb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical actions to emotional responses. For example: she smiled naturally「彼女は自然に笑った」(かのじょはしぜんにわらった). The flowers bloomed naturally「花が自然に咲いた」(はながしぜんにさいた). It can also imply something happening without human intervention, as in 'the wound healed naturally「傷が自然に治った」(きずがしぜんになおった)'. The nuance of '自然に' often conveys a sense of ease or lack of artificiality.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3257

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Order

Reading

Kanji

順Order, Obey

Explanation

The Japanese noun '順 (じゅん)' means 'order' or 'sequence'. It refers to the arrangement or progression of things in a particular sequence. This word is often used in contexts where the sequence or arrangement is important, such as in instructions, rankings, or processes. For example: Please line up in order「順に並んでください」(じゅんにならんでください). The order of events is important「順番が大切です」(じゅんばんがたいせつです). It can also be used in compound words like '順番 (じゅんばん)' meaning 'turn' or 'order of turns'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Name

Reading

Kanji

名Name 称Appellation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '名称 (めいしょう)' refers to the 'name' or 'title' of something, such as an object, place, or organization. It is often used in formal or official contexts to denote the designated name of an entity. For example: the name of this product is...「この製品の名称は...」(このせいひんのめいしょうは...). The official name of the company is...「会社の正式名称は...」(かいしゃのせいしきめいしょうは...). This word is commonly used in legal, administrative, or technical settings to specify the exact designation of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3259

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Via

Reading

Kanji

由Reason 経Manage, Elapse

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '経由 (けいゆ)' means 'via' or 'by way of'. It is used to indicate the route or means through which something is done or achieved. This term is commonly used in contexts involving travel, communication, or processes. For example: I will go to Osaka via Kyoto「京都経由で大阪に行きます」(きょうとけいゆでおおさかにいきます). The package was sent via airmail「その小包は航空便経由で送られました」(そのこづつみはこうくうびんけいゆでおくられました). It can also be used metaphorically to describe indirect methods or channels.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'そろそろ' (sorosoro) is used to indicate that something is about to happen or that it is time to do something. It conveys a sense of gradual progression or the approaching of a particular moment. For example: It's about time to leave「そろそろ出かけよう」(そろそろでかけよう). Dinner is almost ready「そろそろ夕食ができる」(そろそろゆうしょくができる). The word can also imply a gentle reminder or a nudge to start preparing for an action, as in 'そろそろ始めましょう (そろそろはじめましょう) (Let's start soon).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3261

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Taxation

Reading

Kanji

課Section, Lesson 税Tax

Explanation

The Japanese noun '課税 (かぜい)' refers to the act or system of imposing taxes. It is commonly used in legal, financial, and administrative contexts to describe the process of levying taxes on income, property, goods, or services. For example: The government imposes taxation on luxury goods「政府は贅沢品に課税する」(せいふはぜいたくひんにかぜいする). This income is subject to taxation「この所得は課税対象です」(このしょとくはかぜいたいしょうです). The term can also refer to the tax itself in certain contexts, but its primary meaning is the act of taxing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3262

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not much

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あんまり (anmari)' is a colloquial form of 'あまり' and is used to express 'not much' or 'not very.' It is often used in negative sentences to indicate that something does not happen to a great extent or degree. For example: I don't like sweets much 「あんまり甘いものが好きじゃない」 (あんまりあまいものがすきじゃない). It's not very cold today 「今日はあんまり寒くない」 (きょうはあんまりさむくない). Note that 'あんまり' is less formal than 'あまり' and is commonly used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3263

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trust, Credit

Reading

Kanji

用Use 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '信用 (しんよう)' primarily means 'trust' or 'credit'. It refers to the belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something. It is often used in contexts involving relationships, business, or financial transactions. For example: I trust him「彼を信用しています」(かれをしんようしています). The company has good credit「その会社は信用が良い」(そのかいしゃはしんようがよい). Note that '信用' can also imply credibility or reputation, as in '信用を得る (しんようをえる)' (to gain trust/credibility).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3264

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extra, Unnecessary

Reading

Kanji

余Excess 計Measure, Plan

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '余計 (よけい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'extra', referring to something additional or surplus. For example: I bought extra food「余計な食べ物を買った」(よけいなたべものをかった). The second meaning is 'unnecessary', referring to something that is not needed or excessive. For example: His comments were unnecessary「彼のコメントは余計だった」(かれのコメントはよけいだった). The word can also imply something is excessive or unwelcome, depending on the context. It is often used to describe actions, objects, or remarks that are either additional or superfluous.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3265

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Childcare

Reading

Kanji

育Raise, Grow 児Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '育児 (いくじ)' refers to the act of raising or caring for children. It encompasses all activities related to the upbringing of a child, including feeding, education, and emotional support. This term is often used in contexts discussing parenting, family life, and social services. For example: She is busy with childcare「彼女は育児で忙しい」(かのじょはいくじでいそがしい). Childcare is challenging but rewarding「育児は大変だがやりがいがある」(いくじはたいへんだがやりがいがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trust

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '信頼 (しんらい)' means 'trust'. It refers to a firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something. This word is often used in contexts involving relationships, teamwork, or reliability. For example: I trust my friend「私は友達を信頼している」(わたしはともだちをしんらいしている). Mutual trust is important in a team「チームでの相互信頼は大切です」(チームでのそうごしんらいはたいせつです). The word can also be used in formal or professional settings, such as '信頼関係 (しんらいかんけい)', which means 'relationship of trust'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3267

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request

Reading

Kanji

依Reliant, Depend on 頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '依頼 (いらい)' means 'request'. It is used to refer to the act of asking someone to do something or to provide a service. This word is commonly used in formal or business contexts, such as when requesting a service from a company or asking someone to complete a task. For example: I made a request to the company「会社に依頼をしました」(かいしゃにいらいをしました). Please accept my request「私の依頼を受け入れてください」(わたしのいらいをうけいれてください). The word can also imply a sense of reliance or dependence on the person being asked, as in '彼に依頼する (かれにいらいする) (to rely on him)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3268

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Car

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'カー (かー)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'car'. It is used to refer to automobiles or vehicles in general. This term is commonly used in casual conversation and is easily understood by Japanese speakers. For example: I bought a new car「新しいカーを買った」(あたらしいかーをかった). The car is fast「そのカーは速い」(そのかーははやい). It's important to note that while 'カー' is widely understood, the more traditional Japanese term for car is '車 (くるま)', which is also commonly used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3269

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Question

Reading

Kanji

問Question, Problem

Explanation

The Japanese noun '問い (とい)' means 'question'. It refers to an inquiry or a query posed to seek information or clarification. This word is often used in formal or written contexts, such as in academic discussions, surveys, or philosophical debates. For example: Please answer this question「この問いに答えてください」(このといにこたえてください). The question is difficult「その問いは難しい」(そのといはむずかしい). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a deeper or existential inquiry, such as in '人生の問い (じんせいのとい) (a question of life)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3270

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entertainment

Reading

Kanji

能Ability 芸Art, Performance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '芸能 (げいのう)' refers to the world of entertainment, including performing arts, music, acting, and other forms of public performance. It is often used to describe the industry or profession related to entertainment. For example: She works in the entertainment industry「彼女は芸能界で働いています」(かのじょはげいのうかいではたらいています). Traditional Japanese entertainment is fascinating「伝統的な日本の芸能は魅力的です」(でんとうてきなにほんのげいのうはみりょくてきです). The term can also refer to the skills or talents associated with performing arts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Independence

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 自Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '自立 (じりつ)' means 'independence'. It refers to the state of being self-reliant or self-sufficient, often in the context of personal, financial, or emotional independence. This word is commonly used to describe someone who can take care of themselves without relying on others. For example: She achieved financial independence「彼女は経済的に自立した」(かのじょはけいざいてきにじりつした). Young people strive for independence「若者は自立を目指す」(わかものはじりつをめざす). The concept of '自立' is highly valued in Japanese society, emphasizing personal responsibility and autonomy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3272

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Compensation

Reading

Kanji

賠Compensate, Compensation 償Recompense, Reparation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '賠償 (ばいしょう)' refers to 'compensation', particularly in the context of legal or financial reparation for damages, losses, or injuries. It is commonly used in legal settings, such as lawsuits or insurance claims, where one party is required to compensate another for harm caused. For example: The company paid compensation for the damages「会社は損害の賠償を支払った」(かいしゃはそんがいのばいしょうをしはらった). He demanded compensation for the accident「彼は事故の賠償を要求した」(かれはじこのばいしょうをようきゅうした). This term is often associated with formal or serious situations where restitution is necessary.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3273

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lead

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主役 (しゅやく)' refers to the 'lead' or 'main role' in a performance, such as in a play, movie, or any event. It can also metaphorically describe someone who plays a central role in a situation. For example: She is the lead in the play「彼女はその劇の主役です」(かのじょはそのげきのしゅやくです). He always wants to be the main character「彼はいつも主役になりたがる」(かれはいつもしゅやくになりたがる). This term is often used in both literal and figurative contexts to denote prominence or centrality.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3274

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Metal

Reading

Kanji

属Belong 金Gold

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金属 (きんぞく)' means 'metal'. It refers to any of the elements or alloys that are typically hard, shiny, malleable, fusible, and ductile, with good electrical and thermal conductivity. This word is commonly used in scientific, industrial, and everyday contexts. For example: this tool is made of metal「この道具は金属でできている」(このどうぐはきんぞくでできている). Gold is a precious metal「金は貴金属です」(きんはききんぞくです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something strong or unyielding, as in '彼の意志は金属のように強い' (かれのいしはきんぞくのようにつよい) (His will is as strong as metal).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3275

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Movement, Operation

Reading

Kanji

作Make 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動作 (どうさ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'movement', referring to the physical motion of a person, animal, or object. For example: the robot's movements are smooth「ロボットの動作は滑らかです」(ロボットのどうさはなめらかです). The second meaning is 'operation', referring to the functioning or performance of a machine, system, or software. For example: the software's operation is stable「ソフトウェアの動作は安定しています」(ソフトウェアのどうさはあんていしています). The word is commonly used in both technical and everyday contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3276

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Menu

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'メニュー (menyuu)' refers to a 'menu', typically in the context of food and drink options available at a restaurant or café. It can also refer to a list of options or choices in other contexts, such as a digital menu on a website or app. For example: Please show me the menu「メニューを見せてください」(メニューをみせてください). This restaurant has a wide variety of dishes on the menu「このレストランのメニューは料理の種類が多いです」(このレストランのメニューはりょうりのしゅるいがおおいです). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3277

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Staple food

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主食 (しゅしょく)' refers to the staple food of a meal, typically the main source of carbohydrates. In Japan, this is often rice, but it can also include bread, noodles, or other grains depending on the meal. For example: Rice is the staple food in Japan「日本では米が主食です」(にほんではこめがしゅしょくです). For breakfast, bread is my staple food「朝食にはパンが主食です」(ちょうしょくにはパンがしゅしょくです). The concept of '主食' is central to Japanese meals, where it is usually accompanied by side dishes known as 'おかず (おかず)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3278

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nobility

Reading

Kanji

貴Precious 族Family

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貴族 (きぞく)' refers to 'nobility' or 'aristocracy'. It describes a social class of people who hold hereditary titles or ranks, often associated with wealth, power, and privilege. This term is commonly used in historical or formal contexts to refer to the elite class in feudal or monarchical societies. For example: The nobility lived in grand castles「貴族は大きな城に住んでいた」(きぞくはおおきなしろにすんでいた). She comes from a family of nobility「彼女は貴族の家系です」(かのじょはきぞくのかけいです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone with refined or elegant qualities, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3279

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Main

Reading

Kanji

主Master

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '主 (おも)' means 'main' or 'principal'. It is used to describe something that is the most important, primary, or central in a given context. This word is often used to refer to the main part of something, the main reason, or the main focus. For example: the main reason「主な理由」(おもなりゆう). The main character in the story「物語の主な登場人物」(ものがたりのおもなとうじょうじんぶつ). Note that '主 (おも)' is often followed by the particle 'な' when used attributively to modify a noun, as in '主な理由 (おもなりゆう) (main reason)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Communism

Reading

Kanji

義Righteousness 主Master 共Together 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '共産主義 (きょうさんしゅぎ)' refers to the political and economic ideology of 'communism'. It is a system where property and resources are owned collectively, and labor is organized for the common good. This term is often used in political discussions, historical contexts, or when describing economic systems. Example sentences: Communism aims for a classless society「共産主義は階級のない社会を目指す」(きょうさんしゅぎはかいきゅうのないしゃかいをめざす). He studies the history of communism「彼は共産主義の歴史を研究している」(かれはきょうさんしゅぎのれきしをけんきゅうしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3281

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direct

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '直 (ちょく)' means 'direct' and is often used to describe something that is straightforward, immediate, or without intermediaries. It can be used in various contexts, such as communication, travel, or actions. For example: direct communication「直のコミュニケーション」(ちょくのコミュニケーション). He took a direct flight「彼は直行便に乗った」(かれはちょっこうびんにのった). Note that '直' is often combined with other words to form compound terms, such as '直行 (ちょっこう)' (direct travel) or '直感 (ちょっかん)' (intuition).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Genuine

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 格Status

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本格 (ほんかく)' refers to something that is genuine, authentic, or full-fledged. It is often used to describe things that are serious, thorough, or of high quality, such as a genuine method, a full-scale effort, or an authentic style. For example: This is a genuine Italian restaurant「これは本格的なイタリアンレストランです」(これはほんかくてきなイタリアンレストランです). The company is making a full-scale effort to improve its services「その会社はサービス改善に本格的に取り組んでいます」(そのかいしゃはサービスかいぜんにほんかくてきにとりくんでいます). The word can also imply a sense of seriousness or commitment, as in '本格的な調査 (ほんかくてきなちょうさ) (a thorough investigation)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike

Reading

Kanji

嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese verb '嫌う (きらう)' means 'to dislike' or 'to avoid'. It is used to express a strong aversion or distaste towards something or someone. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from disliking certain foods to avoiding specific situations or people. For example: I dislike bitter foods「苦い食べ物を嫌う」(にがいたべものをきらう). He avoids crowded places「彼は混雑した場所を嫌う」(かれはこんざつしたばしょをきらう). It's important to note that '嫌う' often carries a stronger connotation than simply not liking something, implying a more active avoidance or rejection.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3284

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Curve

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'カーブ (kaabu)' means 'curve'. It is used to describe a bend or a curved shape in roads, paths, or objects. This term is often used in contexts related to driving, sports (like baseball or skiing), or design. For example: The road has a sharp curve「その道路には急なカーブがある」(そのどうろにはきゅうなカーブがある). The pitcher threw a curveball「ピッチャーはカーブを投げた」(ピッチャーはカーブをなげた). Note that 'カーブ' can also refer to a type of pitch in baseball, where the ball curves as it approaches the batter.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

3285

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Duty, Obligation

Reading

Kanji

義Righteousness 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '義理 (ぎり)' refers to a sense of social obligation or duty, often tied to relationships or societal expectations. It is a deeply rooted concept in Japanese culture, emphasizing the importance of fulfilling one's responsibilities to maintain harmony. For example: I feel a sense of duty to help my friend「友達を助ける義理を感じる」(ともだちをたすけるぎりをかんじる). He attended the wedding out of obligation「彼は義理で結婚式に出席した」(かれはぎりでけっこんしきにしゅっせきした). This word is often used in contexts involving social expectations, such as gift-giving or attending events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3286

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parent child

Reading

Kanji

子Child 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親子 (おやこ)' refers to the relationship or pair of a parent and child. It is commonly used to describe the bond or connection between a parent and their offspring, and can also refer to things that are related in a parent-child manner, such as a dish that includes both chicken and egg (親子丼 - おやこどん). For example: The parent and child went to the park「親子は公園に行った」(おやこはこうえんにいった). This restaurant is famous for its parent-child bowl「このレストランは親子丼で有名です」(このレストランはおやこどんでゆうめいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3287

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mail, Flight

Reading

Kanji

便Convenience

Explanation

The Japanese noun '便 (びん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to a 'flight' or 'airplane service', often used in the context of scheduled transportation. For example: The next flight to Tokyo is at 3 PM「次の東京行きの便は午後3時です」(つぎのとうきょうゆきのびんはごごさんじです). The second meaning refers to 'mail' or 'postal service', particularly in the context of sending letters or packages. For example: I sent the package by airmail「その小包を航空便で送りました」(そのこづつみをこうくうびんでおくりました). It's important to note that the context in which '便' is used will determine whether it refers to a flight or mail.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3288

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consultation

Reading

Kanji

協Cooperate 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '協議 (きょうぎ)' refers to a formal discussion or consultation, often involving multiple parties to reach a decision or agreement. It is commonly used in professional, political, or organizational contexts. For example: The committee held a consultation「委員会は協議を行った」(いいんかい は きょうぎ を おこなった). We need to have a discussion about this issue「この問題について協議が必要です」(このもんだい について きょうぎ が ひつようです). The term emphasizes a collaborative and deliberate process, often implying a structured or official setting.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chairperson

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '議長 (ぎちょう)' refers to a 'chairperson' or 'presiding officer', typically in the context of a meeting, assembly, or committee. This person is responsible for leading discussions, maintaining order, and ensuring that procedures are followed. For example: The chairperson opened the meeting「議長が会議を開きました」(ぎちょうがかいぎをひらきました). The chairperson made an important decision「議長は重要な決定をしました」(ぎちょうはじゅうようなけっていをしました). The term is commonly used in formal settings, such as government, corporate, or organizational meetings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Profit, Revenue

Reading

Kanji

益Profit, Benefit 収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '収益 (しゅうえき)' refers to financial gain or income generated from business activities, investments, or other sources. It can mean both 'profit' (net gain after expenses) and 'revenue' (total income before expenses), depending on the context. For example: The company's profit increased「会社の収益が増えた」(かいしゃのしゅうえきがふえた). This quarter's revenue exceeded expectations「今期の収益は予想を上回った」(こんきのしゅうえきはよそうをうわまわった). The word is commonly used in business and financial contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3291

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heal

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治る (なおる)' means 'to heal' or 'to recover'. It is commonly used to describe the process of recovering from an illness, injury, or condition. This verb is often used in medical or health-related contexts. For example: my cold has healed「風邪が治った」(かぜがなおった). The wound will heal soon「傷はすぐに治るでしょう」(きずはすぐになおるでしょう). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the resolution of a problem or situation. For example: the situation has improved「状況が治った」(じょうきょうがなおった). Note that '治る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3292

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agenda

Reading

Kanji

議Deliberation 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '議題 (ぎだい)' refers to the topic or subject of discussion, particularly in formal meetings or assemblies. It is commonly used in contexts such as business meetings, conferences, or political discussions. For example: The agenda for today's meeting is set「今日の会議の議題は決まっている」(きょうのかいぎのぎだいはきまっている). Let's add this issue to the agenda「この問題を議題に加えましょう」(このもんだいをぎだにくわえましょう). The word emphasizes the formal nature of the topic being discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discussion

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '議論 (ぎろん)' means 'discussion' or 'debate'. It refers to the act of discussing or debating a topic, often involving an exchange of opinions or arguments. This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as academic, political, or professional settings. For example: We had a heated discussion about the policy「私たちはその政策について熱い議論をした」(わたしたちはそのせいさくについてあついぎろんをした). The debate on environmental issues continues「環境問題についての議論は続いている」(かんきょうもんだいについてのぎろんはつづいている). Note that '議論' often implies a structured or formal exchange of ideas, rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3294

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conclusion

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '結論 (けつろん)' means 'conclusion'. It refers to the final decision or judgment reached after considering all the facts or arguments. This word is often used in formal or logical contexts, such as debates, discussions, or academic writing. For example: we reached a conclusion「私たちは結論に達した」(わたしたちはけつろんにたっした). The conclusion of the report was clear「報告書の結論は明確だった」(ほうこくしょのけつろんはめいかくだった). It can also be used in phrases like '結論を出す (けつろんをだす)', which means 'to draw a conclusion'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3295

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guide

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ガイド (gaido)' means 'guide'. It refers to someone who leads or directs others, often in a touristic context, or to a guidebook or manual that provides information. It can also be used as a verb in the form 'ガイドする (gaido suru)', meaning 'to guide'. For example: The guide explained the history of the temple「ガイドがお寺の歴史を説明しました」(ガイドがおてらのれきしをせつめいしました). I need a guidebook for my trip「旅行のためにガイドが必要です」(りょこうのためにガイドがひつようです). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

3296

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discussion, Speech

Reading

Kanji

論Theory, Argument 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '言論 (げんろん)' refers to 'speech' or 'discussion', particularly in the context of public expression or debate. It is often used in formal or political contexts to describe the act of expressing opinions or ideas openly. For example: Freedom of speech is important「言論の自由は大切だ」(げんろんのじゆうはたいせつだ). The discussion about the policy was heated「その政策についての言論は白熱した」(そのせいさくについてのげんろんははくねつした). This word is commonly associated with the concept of free speech and intellectual discourse.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hair

Reading

Kanji

毛Fur

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毛 (け)' refers to 'hair'. This word is used to describe the fine, thread-like strands that grow on the skin of humans and animals. It can refer to hair on the head, body hair, or even the fur of animals. For example: my hair is long「私の毛は長い」(わたしのけはながい). The cat's fur is soft「猫の毛は柔らかい」(ねこのけはやわらかい). It's important to note that '毛 (け)' is often used in compound words to specify different types of hair or fur, such as '頭の毛 (あたまのけ)' (head hair) or '動物の毛 (どうぶつのけ)' (animal fur).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3298

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effort

Reading

Kanji

数Number 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手数 (てすう)' refers to the amount of effort, steps, or procedures required to accomplish something. It often implies the complexity or the number of actions needed to achieve a task. For example: This recipe requires a lot of effort「このレシピは手数がかかる」(このレシピはてすうがかかる). Reducing the number of steps in the process「手数を減らす」(てすうをへらす). The word can also be used in contexts where someone goes out of their way to help, implying extra effort or trouble taken on their part.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3299

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probe

Reading

Kanji

探Search

Explanation

The Japanese verb '探る (さぐる)' means 'to probe' or 'to investigate'. It is used to describe the act of searching or exploring something, often with a sense of careful examination or investigation. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically searching for something, investigating a situation, or exploring someone's feelings or intentions. For example: he probed the depths of the cave「彼は洞窟の奥を探った」(かれはどうくつのおくをさぐった). She tried to probe his true intentions「彼女は彼の本当の意図を探ろうとした」(かのじょはかれのほんとうのいとをさぐろうとした). The detective probed the mystery「探偵はその謎を探った」(たんていはそのなぞをさぐった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3300

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting