word

Meaning

Refrigeration

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 蔵Storehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '冷蔵 (れいぞう)' refers to the process or state of refrigeration. It is commonly used in contexts related to food preservation, such as storing items in a refrigerator. For example: I put the vegetables in the refrigerator「野菜を冷蔵した」(やさいをれいぞうした). The meat needs refrigeration「肉は冷蔵が必要だ」(にくはれいぞうがひつようだ). This term is often seen in compound words like '冷蔵庫 (れいぞうこ)', which means 'refrigerator'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kobe

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'コウベ' refers to the city of Kobe, located in the Hyogo Prefecture of Japan. Kobe is a major port city known for its scenic beauty, international culture, and famous Kobe beef. Example sentences: I visited Kobe last year「去年コウベに行きました」(きょねんコウベにいきました). Kobe is famous for its beef「コウベは牛肉で有名です」(コウベはぎゅうにくでゆうめいです). The word is written in katakana to emphasize its status as a proper noun and to distinguish it from other potential meanings.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

4202

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deceive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'だます (damasu)' means 'to deceive' or 'to trick'. It is used when someone intentionally misleads or fools another person, often for personal gain or advantage. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as scams, lies, or playful tricks. For example: He deceived me with a fake story「彼は嘘の話で私をだました」(かれはうそのはなしでわたしをだました). Don't let them trick you「彼らにだまされないで」(かれらにだまされないで). The verb often carries a negative connotation, implying dishonesty or manipulation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4203

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pickup

Reading

Kanji

拾Pick up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拾う (ひろう)' means 'to pick up'. It is used when someone picks up something from the ground or a surface, often implying that the object was dropped or lost. This verb can also be used metaphorically to mean picking up on something, such as a signal or a hint. For example: I picked up a coin「私はコインを拾った」(わたしはこいんをひろう). He picked up on her subtle hint「彼は彼女の微妙なヒントを拾った」(かれはかのじょのびみょうなヒントをひろう). Note that this verb is transitive and requires a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4204

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sitting

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'あぐら' refers to a traditional sitting posture where one sits cross-legged on the floor, often used in informal or relaxed settings. This posture is common in Japan, especially when sitting on tatami mats. For example: he sat cross-legged「彼はあぐらをかいた」(かれはあぐらをかいた). She sat cross-legged on the tatami mat「彼女は畳の上であぐらをかいた」(かのじょはたたみのうえであぐらをかいた). The term can also imply a relaxed or informal attitude, as in 'あぐらをかく' (to sit cross-legged), which metaphorically means to take things easy or be complacent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4205

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obstetrics

Reading

Kanji

産Give birth 婦Lady 人Person 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '産婦人科 (さんふじんか)' refers to the medical field of 'obstetrics and gynecology'. It is a combined term used to describe the branch of medicine that deals with pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period (産科, obstetrics) as well as the health of the female reproductive system (婦人科, gynecology). This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals or clinics. Example sentences: She works in obstetrics and gynecology「彼女は産婦人科で働いています」(かのじょはさんふじんかではたらいています). I have an appointment at the obstetrics and gynecology department「産婦人科の予約があります」(さんふじんかのよやくがあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4206

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wife

Reading

Kanji

奥Core, Heart 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奥様 (おくさま)' is a polite and respectful term used to refer to someone else's wife. It is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as when addressing or referring to the wife of a superior, a customer, or someone of higher social status. The term carries a sense of deference and respect. For example: His wife is very kind「奥様はとても優しいです」(おくさまはとてもやさしいです). Please give my regards to your wife「奥様によろしくお伝えください」(おくさまによろしくおつたえください). It is important to note that '奥様' is not typically used to refer to one's own wife; instead, terms like '妻 (つま)' or '家内 (かない)' are more commonly used in such cases.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Each other

Reading

Kanji

互Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お互い (おたがい)' means 'each other' or 'mutually'. It is used to describe a reciprocal relationship or action between two or more parties. This word is often used in contexts where people are doing something for or to each other. For example: We should help each other「私たちはお互いを助けるべきです」(わたしたちはおたがいをたすけるべきです). They respect each other「彼らはお互いを尊重します」(かれらはおたがいをそんちょうします). 'お互い' can also imply a sense of shared understanding or commonality, as in 'お互い様 (おたがいさま)', which means 'it's mutual' or 'we're in the same boat'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4208

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alternation

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 互Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '交互 (こうご)' refers to the concept of alternation or taking turns. It is used to describe situations where two or more things occur or are done in succession, one after the other. For example: We took turns reading the book「私たちは交互に本を読みました」(わたしたちはこうごにほんをよみました). The traffic lights alternate between red and green「信号は赤と緑に交互に変わります」(しんごうはあかとみどりにこうごにかわります). This term is often used in contexts involving sequences, patterns, or reciprocal actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adorable

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 愛Love

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '可愛らしい (かわいらしい)' means 'adorable' or 'charming'. It is used to describe something or someone that evokes a sense of endearment or cuteness. This word often carries a nuance of being naturally or innocently cute, rather than intentionally so. For example: That puppy is adorable「あの子犬は可愛らしい」(あのこいぬはかわいらしい). Her smile is charming「彼女の笑顔は可愛らしい」(かのじょのえがおはかわいらしい). The adjective can also be used to describe small, delicate, or aesthetically pleasing things, such as '可愛らしい花 (かわいらしいはな) (adorable flower)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4210

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transition

Reading

Kanji

移Move, Transfer 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese noun '移行 (いこう)' means 'transition'. It refers to the process of changing from one state, condition, or system to another. This word is often used in contexts such as technology, business, or social changes. For example: the transition to a new system「新しいシステムへの移行」(あたらしいシステムへのいこう). The transition period was challenging「移行期間は大変だった」(いこうきかんはたいへんだった). It can also be used in broader contexts, such as the transition from one era to another「時代の移行」(じだいのいこう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4211

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probability

Reading

Kanji

確Certain 率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '確率 (かくりつ)' means 'probability'. It refers to the likelihood or chance of an event occurring, often expressed numerically or as a percentage. This term is commonly used in mathematics, statistics, and everyday conversations when discussing uncertain outcomes. For example: the probability of rain is high「雨の確率が高い」(あめのかくりつがたかい). What is the probability of winning?「勝つ確率はどれくらいですか？」(かつのかくりつはどれくらいですか？). It can also be used in contexts like gambling or risk assessment, such as 'the probability of success is low'「成功する確率は低い」(せいこうするかくりつはひくい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4212

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Agreement

Reading

Kanji

協Cooperate 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '協定 (きょうてい)' refers to a formal agreement or pact between parties, often used in legal, political, or business contexts. It implies a mutual understanding or arrangement that has been officially established. For example: The two countries signed a trade agreement「両国は貿易協定に調印した」(りょうこくはぼうえききょうていにちょういんした). The company reached an agreement with the union「会社は労働組合と協定を結んだ」(かいしゃはろうどうくみあいときょうていをむすんだ). This term is commonly used in formal settings and emphasizes the binding nature of the agreement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Kanji

思Think 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '思い切る (おもいきる)' means 'to decide' or 'to make up one's mind'. It conveys the idea of making a firm decision, often after some hesitation or deliberation. This verb is commonly used when someone resolves to take action or make a choice, especially in situations that require courage or a significant change. For example: I decided to quit my job「仕事を辞めることを思い切った」(しごとをやめることをおもいきった). She finally decided to confess her feelings「彼女はついに気持ちを打ち明けることを思い切った」(かのじょはついにきもちをうちあけることをおもいきった). Note that '思い切る' often implies a sense of determination or resolve, making it suitable for situations where a decisive action is taken.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4214

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dote

Reading

Kanji

可Possible 愛Love

Explanation

The Japanese verb '可愛がる (かわいがる)' means 'to dote on' or 'to treat with affection'. It is used to describe the act of showing love, care, or fondness towards someone or something, often in a nurturing or protective way. This verb is commonly used when referring to how someone treats a child, a pet, or even a close friend. For example: She dotes on her cat「彼女は猫を可愛がる」(かのじょはねこをかわいがる). The teacher dotes on her students「先生は生徒たちを可愛がる」(せんせいはせいとたちをかわいがる). The nuance of this verb often implies a sense of indulgence or pampering, and it is typically used in positive contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4215

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reluctantly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いやいや (いやいや)' conveys the idea of doing something reluctantly or unwillingly. It is often used to describe actions performed with hesitation or lack of enthusiasm. For example: He reluctantly agreed「彼はいやいや同意した」(かれはいやいやどういした). She reluctantly went to the meeting「彼女はいやいや会議に行った」(かのじょはいやいやかいぎにいった). This adverb can also imply a sense of being forced or pressured into doing something, as in 'いやいやながら (いやいやながら) (while reluctantly)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4216

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heartbreak

Reading

Kanji

失Lose, Fault 恋Love, Romance

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '失恋 (しつれん)' refers to the experience of heartbreak or the end of a romantic relationship. It is commonly used to describe the emotional state of someone who has been rejected or has broken up with a romantic partner. For example: She is suffering from heartbreak「彼女は失恋で苦しんでいる」(かのじょはしつれんでくるしんでいる). He experienced heartbreak for the first time「彼は初めて失恋を経験した」(かれははじめてしつれんをけいけんした). The term carries a strong emotional weight and is often associated with feelings of sadness and loss.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4217

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corner

Reading

Kanji

隅Corner, Nook

Explanation

The Japanese noun '隅 (すみ)' refers to a 'corner' or 'nook', typically describing the corner of a room, a street, or any space where two sides meet. It can also metaphorically refer to something being out of the way or overlooked. For example: There is a chair in the corner of the room「部屋の隅に椅子がある」(へやのすみにいすがある). He sat in a quiet corner of the café「彼はカフェの静かな隅に座った」(かれはカフェのしずかなすみにすわった). The word can also imply a sense of being hidden or unnoticed, as in '隅に追いやられる (すみにおいやられる)', meaning 'to be pushed to the sidelines'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4218

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Kanji

谷Valley

Explanation

The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Next

Reading

Kanji

翌Next, Following

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '翌 (よく)' means 'next' and is used to refer to the day, month, or year immediately following a specific point in time. It is commonly used in expressions like '翌日 (よくじつ)' (the next day), '翌月 (よくげつ)' (the next month), or '翌年 (よくねん)' (the next year). For example: I will visit you the next day「翌日、あなたを訪ねます」(よくじつ、あなたをたずねます). The meeting is scheduled for the next month「会議は翌月に予定されています」(かいぎはよくげつによていされています). This prefix is always attached to time-related nouns and cannot stand alone.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4220

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Love

Reading

Kanji

恋Love, Romance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '恋する (こいする)' means 'to love' in the sense of being romantically in love with someone. It conveys deep emotional attachment and longing, often associated with romantic relationships. This verb is used to express the feeling of being in love, rather than general affection or liking. For example: I fell in love with her「彼女に恋した」(かのじょにこいした). He is in love with his best friend「彼は親友に恋している」(かれはしんゆうにこいしている). Note that '恋する' is more specific than '愛する (あいする)', which can refer to love in a broader sense, including familial or platonic love.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4221

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extension, Prolongation

Reading

Kanji

延Prolong 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '延長 (えんちょう)' primarily means 'extension' or 'prolongation'. It is used to describe the act of extending something in time, space, or scope. For example, it can refer to extending a deadline, prolonging a meeting, or even extending a physical object like a cable. Example sentences: The meeting was extended「会議が延長された」(かいぎがえんちょうされた). The deadline has been extended「締め切りが延長された」(しめきりがえんちょうされた). The cable is too short, we need an extension「ケーブルが短すぎる、延長が必要だ」(ケーブルがみじかすぎる、えんちょうがひつようだ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Postponement

Reading

Kanji

延Prolong 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '延期 (えんき)' means 'postponement'. It refers to the act of delaying or rescheduling an event, meeting, or deadline to a later time. This term is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business, academics, or public events. For example: The meeting was postponed「会議は延期されました」(かいぎはえんきされました). Due to the weather, the game has been postponed「天候のため、試合は延期されました」(てんこうのため、しあいはえんきされました). Note that '延期' is often used with verbs like する (to do) or される (to be done) to indicate the action of postponing.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Now, Belatedly

Reading

Kanji

今Now 更Renew, Grow late

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '今更 (いまさら)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'now', but with a nuance of something being done or realized at the current moment, often implying it's too late or unexpected. The second meaning is 'belatedly', indicating that something is being done or realized much later than it should have been. Example sentences: It's too late to apologize now「今更謝っても遅いよ」(いまさらあやまってもおそいよ). He belatedly realized his mistake「彼は今更自分の間違いに気づいた」(かれはいまさらじぶんのまちがいにきづいた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4224

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Silence

Reading

Kanji

沈Sink 黙Silent, Shut up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '沈黙 (ちんもく)' means 'silence'. It refers to the absence of speech or sound, often implying a deliberate or meaningful quietness. This word can be used in various contexts, such as during a moment of reflection, in a tense situation, or to describe someone who is not speaking. For example: The silence was unbearable「沈黙が耐えられなかった」(ちんもくがたえられなかった). He broke the silence with his voice「彼は声で沈黙を破った」(かれはこえでちんもくをやぶった). '沈黙' can also carry a deeper connotation, such as in the phrase '沈黙は金' (ちんもくはきん), which translates to 'silence is golden', emphasizing the value of staying quiet in certain situations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4225

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Withdraw, Draw out

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き出す (ひきだす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to draw out,' which can refer to extracting something physically, such as pulling an object from a container, or metaphorically, such as eliciting information or potential from someone. The second meaning is 'to withdraw,' specifically in the context of taking money out of a bank account. Example sentences: He drew out his wallet from his bag「彼はバッグから財布を引き出した」(かれはバッグからさいふをひきだした). She withdrew money from the ATM「彼女はATMからお金を引き出した」(かのじょはATMからおかねをひきだした). The verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4226

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Celebrate

Reading

Kanji

祝Celebrate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '祝う (いわう)' means 'to celebrate'. It is used to express the act of celebrating an event, occasion, or achievement. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as celebrating birthdays, anniversaries, or cultural festivals. For example: We celebrated the New Year「新年を祝った」(しんねんをいわった). They celebrated their wedding anniversary「彼らは結婚記念日を祝った」(かれらはけっこんきねんびをいわった). The verb can also be used in more formal or ceremonial contexts, such as celebrating a company milestone or a national holiday. It is important to note that '祝う' often implies a sense of joy and festivity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4227

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Waist

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ウエスト (うえすと)' refers to the 'waist' of a person. It is commonly used in contexts related to clothing, fitness, or body measurements. For example: Her waist is slim「彼女のウエストは細い」(かのじょのうえすとはほそい). This skirt fits my waist perfectly「このスカートは私のウエストにぴったり」(このすかーとはわたしのうえすとにぴったり). The word is often used in fashion or health-related discussions, and it is a loanword derived from the English 'waist'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4228

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Certification, Recognition

Reading

Kanji

認Recognize, Admit 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '認定 (にんてい)' refers to the act of officially recognizing or certifying something. It is commonly used in contexts involving formal approval, accreditation, or acknowledgment. For example: The product received official certification「その製品は認定を受けました」(そのせいひんはにんていをうけました). His skills were recognized by the organization「彼のスキルはその組織に認定されました」(かれのスキルはそのそしきににんていされました). This term is often used in professional, educational, or legal settings to denote formal validation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perform

Reading

Kanji

演Perform

Explanation

The Japanese verb '演ずる (えんずる)' means 'to perform' or 'to act'. It is often used in the context of performing a role in a play, movie, or other theatrical performance. It can also be used more broadly to describe performing a function or role in a non-theatrical context. For example: He performed the role of Hamlet「彼はハムレットの役を演じた」(かれはハムレットのやくをえんじた). This machine performs an important function「この機械は重要な機能を演じる」(このきかいはじゅうようなきのうをえんじる). Note that '演ずる' is a more formal or literary variant of '演じる (えんじる)', which is more commonly used in everyday speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4230

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point, Pour

Reading

Kanji

差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese verb '差す (さす)' has multiple meanings depending on context. One meaning is 'to pour' or 'to fill', often used when pouring liquids like tea or water. For example: She poured tea「彼女はお茶を差した」(かのじょはおちゃをさした). Another meaning is 'to point' or 'to indicate', such as pointing at something with a finger or a tool. For example: He pointed at the map「彼は地図を差した」(かれはちずをさした). The verb can also imply a gentle or careful action, such as when inserting or placing something delicately. For example: She inserted the key「彼女は鍵を差した」(かのじょはかぎをさした). The nuance of the verb often depends on the object being acted upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4231

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Careful

Reading

Kanji

慎Prudent, Humility 重Heavy

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '慎重 (しんちょう)' means 'careful' or 'cautious'. It describes a state of being deliberate, thoughtful, and avoiding unnecessary risks. This word is often used to describe someone's behavior, approach, or decision-making process. For example: He is very careful when making decisions「彼は決定を下す時に非常に慎重です」(かれはけっていをくだすときにひじょうにしんちょうです). Please handle this matter carefully「この件を慎重に扱ってください」(このけんをしんちょうにあつかってください). The word can also be used to describe actions, such as '慎重な計画 (しんちょうなけいかく)' (careful planning).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4232

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delight

Reading

Kanji

大Big 喜Rejoice

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '大喜び (おおよろこび)' means 'delight' or 'great joy'. It is used to express a state of being extremely happy or overjoyed about something. This term often conveys a sense of visible excitement or celebration. For example: She was delighted with the gift「彼女はプレゼントに大喜びした」(かのじょはぷれぜんとにおおよろこびした). The children were overjoyed when they saw the cake「子供たちはケーキを見て大喜びした」(こどもたちはけーきをみておおよろこびした). The term is commonly used in situations where the joy is openly expressed and shared with others.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4233

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Can

Reading

Kanji

缶Can, Tin can

Explanation

The Japanese noun '缶 (かん)' refers to a 'can', typically a metal container used for storing food, beverages, or other items. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when referring to canned drinks or food. For example: I bought a can of coffee「コーヒーの缶を買いました」(コーヒーのかんをかいました). Please throw away the empty can「空き缶を捨ててください」(あきかんをすててください). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '缶詰 (かんづめ)' meaning 'canned food'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Event

Reading

Kanji

行Go 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行事 (ぎょうじ)' refers to an event, ceremony, or function, often one that is organized or traditional. It is commonly used to describe school events, festivals, or official ceremonies. For example: The school festival is a big event「学校の行事は大きなイベントです」(がっこうのぎょうじはおおきなイベントです). We have a traditional event every year「毎年伝統的な行事があります」(まいとしでんとうてきなぎょうじがあります). This word is often used in contexts where the event has a formal or customary significance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Residence

Reading

Kanji

居Reside, Be 住Live

Explanation

The Japanese noun '居住 (きょじゅう)' refers to the act of living or residing in a particular place. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe one's place of residence or habitation. For example: His residence is in Tokyo「彼の居住地は東京です」(かれのきょじゅうちはとうきょうです). The city has a high population of foreign residents「その都市には外国人の居住者が多い」(そのとしにはがいこくじんのきょじゅうしゃがおおい). This term is commonly used in official documents or discussions about demographics and housing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Kanji

逃Escape

Explanation

The Japanese verb '逃れる (のがれる)' means 'to escape' or 'to avoid'. It is used to describe the act of getting away from a situation, danger, or responsibility. This verb often carries a nuance of avoiding something undesirable or evading a difficult circumstance. For example: He escaped from the prison「彼は刑務所から逃れた」(かれはけいむしょからのがれた). She managed to avoid the responsibility「彼女は責任を逃れた」(かのじょはせきにんをのがれた). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as escaping from reality or avoiding a topic in conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4237

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nursing

Reading

Kanji

看Watch 護Protect, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '看護 (かんご)' refers to the act or profession of nursing, which involves caring for the sick or infirm. It is commonly used in contexts related to healthcare and medical services. For example: She is studying nursing「彼女は看護を勉強しています」(かのじょはかんごをべんきょうしています). The hospital needs more nursing staff「病院はもっと看護スタッフが必要です」(びょういんはもっとかんごスタッフがひつようです). This term is often associated with professional caregiving roles and is a key concept in medical and healthcare settings.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4238

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nursing

Reading

Kanji

看Watch 病Illness

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '看病 (かんびょう)' refers to the act of nursing or caring for someone who is sick. It is often used in contexts where someone is providing care to a patient, whether at home or in a medical setting. This term emphasizes the attentive and compassionate aspect of caregiving. For example: She is nursing her sick mother「彼女は病気の母親を看病している」(かのじょはびょうきのははおやをかんびょうしている). The nurse provided excellent care「看護師は素晴らしい看病をした」(かんごしはすばらしいかんびょうをした). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe taking care of something in a nurturing manner, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Affirmation

Reading

Kanji

肯Assent, Agreement 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '肯定 (こうてい)' means 'affirmation' or 'positive acknowledgment'. It is used to express agreement, confirmation, or the act of affirming something. This word is often used in contexts where one acknowledges or accepts a statement, idea, or situation as true or valid. For example: His answer was an affirmation「彼の答えは肯定だった」(かれのこたえはこうていだった). We need to affirm this decision「この決定を肯定する必要がある」(このけっていをこうていするひつようがある). It can also be used in contrast to '否定 (ひてい)' (negation) to highlight a positive stance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organ

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オルガン (orugan)' refers to a musical instrument known as an organ. It typically describes large keyboard instruments, such as pipe organs or electronic organs, used in churches, concert halls, or homes. For example: The church has a beautiful organ「教会には美しいオルガンがある」(きょうかいにはうつくしいオルガンがある). She plays the organ every Sunday「彼女は毎週日曜日にオルガンを弾く」(かのじょはまいしゅうにちようびにオルガンをひく). Note that 'オルガン' is a loanword derived from the English 'organ' and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4241

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Description

Reading

Kanji

記Record 述State, Mention

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '記述 (きじゅつ)' means 'description'. It refers to the act of describing or detailing something in writing or speech. This term is often used in academic, technical, or formal contexts where precise and detailed explanations are required. For example: The description of the experiment was thorough「実験の記述は詳細だった」(じっけんのきじゅつはしょうさいだった). Please provide a description of the incident「事件の記述を提出してください」(じけんのきじゅつをていしゅつしてください). The word can also imply a systematic or structured account of facts or events.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4242

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

身Body, Self 近Near

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '身近 (みぢか)' means 'close' in the sense of being near or familiar. It is used to describe something that is physically close, emotionally close, or easily accessible. For example: The park is close to my house「その公園は私の家に身近です」(そのこうえんはわたしのいえにみぢかです). This topic is close to my heart「この話題は私にとって身近です」(このわだいはわたしにとってみぢかです). It can also describe something that is part of one's daily life or experience, such as '身近な問題 (みぢかなもんだい) (a familiar problem)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4243

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Possession

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保有 (ほゆう)' refers to the act of possessing or holding something, often in a formal or legal context. It is commonly used in discussions about ownership, such as property, assets, or rights. For example: The company has possession of the land「その会社はその土地を保有している」(そのかいしゃはそのとちをほゆうしている). He holds a large number of shares「彼は多くの株を保有している」(かれはおおくのかぶをほゆうしている). This term is often used in legal, financial, or business contexts to describe ownership or control over something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vegetable

Reading

Kanji

菜Vegetable

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '菜 (さい)' refers to 'vegetable' and is commonly used in the names of vegetables or dishes containing vegetables. It is often attached to the name of a specific vegetable to denote its type. For example: spinach is called 'ほうれん草 (ほうれんそう)' where '草 (そう)' also means 'grass' or 'herb', but '菜' is used in other contexts. Example sentences: I like vegetable dishes「野菜料理が好きです」(やさいりょうりがすきです). This soup has a lot of vegetables「このスープには野菜がたくさん入っています」(このスープにはやさいがたくさんはいっています). The suffix can also be used in compound words to specify a type of vegetable, such as '白菜 (はくさい)' which means 'Chinese cabbage'.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Done

Reading

Kanji

済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '済み (ずみ)' is used to indicate that something has been completed or settled. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe the state of completion. For example: payment completed「支払い済み」(しはらいずみ). This suffix is commonly used in formal or business contexts to convey that a task or obligation has been fulfilled. Another example: reservation completed「予約済み」(よやくずみ). It is important to note that '済み' is often written in kanji but can also appear in hiragana in less formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4246

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trial

Reading

Kanji

裁Judge 判Judge, Stamp

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '裁判 (さいばん)' refers to a 'trial' or 'legal judgment'. It is used in the context of legal proceedings where a court examines evidence and arguments to decide a case. This term is often associated with criminal or civil cases. For example: The trial will start tomorrow「裁判は明日始まります」(さいばんはあしたはじまります). He was found guilty at the trial「彼は裁判で有罪とされた」(かれはさいばんでゆうざいとされた). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as '裁判所 (さいばんしょ)' meaning 'court of law'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Court

Reading

Kanji

裁Judge 判Judge, Stamp 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '裁判所 (さいばんしょ)' refers to a 'court', specifically a judicial institution where legal cases are heard and decided. This term is commonly used in legal contexts and can refer to various types of courts, such as district courts, high courts, or the Supreme Court. For example: The case was brought to court「その事件は裁判所に持ち込まれた」(そのじけんはさいばんしょにもちこまれた). The court ruled in favor of the plaintiff「裁判所は原告に有利な判決を下した」(さいばんしょはげんこくにゆうりなはんけつをくだした). It's important to note that '裁判所' is a formal term and is used in both written and spoken Japanese when discussing legal matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4248

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complaint, Lawsuit

Reading

Kanji

訴Sue, Appeal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '訴え (うったえ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'complaint', referring to an expression of dissatisfaction or grievance. For example: He filed a complaint about the noise「彼は騒音についての訴えを提出した」(かれはそうおんについてのうったえをていしゅつした). The second meaning is 'lawsuit', referring to a legal action brought in a court of law. For example: The company faced a lawsuit「その会社は訴えに直面した」(そのかいしゃはうったえにちょくめんした). The context in which '訴え' is used will determine whether it refers to a complaint or a legal action.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4249

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boil

Reading

Kanji

煮Boil

Explanation

The Japanese verb '煮る (にる)' means 'to boil' or 'to simmer'. It is used to describe the cooking process of boiling or simmering food, typically in water or broth, until it becomes tender or fully cooked. This verb is commonly used in recipes and cooking instructions. For example: I boiled the vegetables「野菜を煮た」(やさいをにた). Simmer the soup for 20 minutes「スープを20分煮てください」(スープをにじゅっぷんにてください). The verb can also imply a slow cooking process, often used for stews or dishes that require time to develop flavor.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4250

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Care

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ケア (kea)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'care'. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, well-being, or maintenance. For example, it can refer to medical care, skincare, or emotional care. Example sentences: She needs special care「彼女は特別なケアが必要です」(かのじょはとくべつなケアがひつようです). I take care of my skin「私は肌のケアをします」(わたしははだのケアをします). The word is often used in compound terms like 'ヘルスケア (herusu kea)' (healthcare) or 'スキンケア (sukin kea)' (skincare).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4251

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Housework

Reading

Kanji

家House 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家事 (かじ)' refers to 'housework' or 'domestic chores'. It encompasses tasks typically done to maintain a household, such as cleaning, cooking, laundry, and other daily chores. This word is commonly used in contexts related to managing a home or discussing responsibilities within a household. For example: I do housework every day「私は毎日家事をします」(わたしはまいにちかじをします). Housework is tiring「家事は疲れます」(かじはつかれます). The term can also be used in phrases like '家事の分担 (かじのぶんたん)' (division of housework) to discuss sharing responsibilities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last year

Reading

Kanji

昨Yesterday, Previous 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昨年 (さくねん)' means 'last year.' It is used to refer to the year immediately preceding the current year. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to discuss past events or activities. For example: Last year I was traveling in Japan 「昨年は日本を旅行していました」 (さくねんはにほんをりょこうしていました). Last year's sales were higher than this year's 「昨年の売り上げは今年より高かった」 (さくねんのうりあげはことしよりたかかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reason

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理性 (りせい)' refers to 'reason' or 'rationality'. It is used to describe the human capacity for logical thinking, judgment, and decision-making, often in contrast to emotions or instincts. This word is commonly used in philosophical, psychological, or everyday contexts to discuss rational thought. For example: He acted based on reason「彼は理性に基づいて行動した」(かれはりせいにもとづいてこうどうした). Losing reason in anger is dangerous「怒りで理性を失うのは危険だ」(いかりでりせいをうしなうのはきけんだ). The word can also imply self-control or the ability to think calmly and logically.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suspicious, Doubtful

Reading

Kanji

疑Doubt, Suspect

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '疑わしい (うたがわしい)' can mean either 'doubtful' or 'suspicious', depending on the context. It is used to describe something that is uncertain, questionable, or raises doubts. It can also imply suspicion about someone's actions or intentions. For example: His story sounds doubtful「彼の話は疑わしい」(かれのはなしはうたがわしい). Her behavior seems suspicious「彼女の行動は疑わしい」(かのじょのこうどうはうたがわしい). This word is often used in situations where there is a lack of trust or clarity.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4255

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Minority

Reading

Kanji

少Few 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '少数 (しょうすう)' means 'minority'. It refers to a small number or a small group of people or things within a larger group. This term is often used in contexts such as statistics, demographics, or discussions about opinions or preferences. For example: the minority opinion「少数の意見」(しょうすうのいけん). A minority of students attended the event「少数の学生がイベントに参加した」(しょうすうのがくせいがイベントにさんかした). It can also be used to describe a small quantity of something, such as '少数の本 (しょうすうのほん) (a small number of books)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4256

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Presentation

Reading

Kanji

提Present, Submit 示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '提示 (ていじ)' refers to the act of presenting or showing something, often in a formal or official context. It is commonly used when providing evidence, documents, or information to support a claim or request. For example: Please present your ID「提示してください」(ていじしてください). The lawyer presented new evidence「弁護士は新しい証拠を提示した」(べんごしはあたらしいしょうこをていじした). This word is often used in legal, business, or academic settings where formal presentation of information is required.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desire

Reading

Kanji

欲Desire, Longing 望Hope, Ambition

Explanation

The Japanese noun '欲望 (よくぼう)' means 'desire'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. This word is often used in contexts related to human emotions, ambitions, or cravings, and it can encompass both physical and emotional desires. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への欲望は強い」(かれのせいこうへのよくぼうはつよい). She couldn't control her desire for sweets「彼女は甘いものへの欲望を抑えられなかった」(かのじょはあまいものへのよくぼうをおさえられなかった). The word can also be used in philosophical or psychological discussions to describe innate human drives.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Apple

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'リンゴ (りんご)' means 'apple'. It refers to the fruit of the apple tree, which is commonly consumed worldwide. In Japanese culture, apples are often associated with health and are a popular snack or ingredient in desserts. Example sentences: I ate an apple「リンゴを食べた」(りんごをたべた). This apple is sweet「このリンゴは甘い」(このりんごはあまい). Apples are red「リンゴは赤い」(りんごはあかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4259

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Align

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'そろえる (soroeru)' means 'to align' or 'to arrange in order'. It is used when organizing or setting things in a straight line or in a specific order. This verb can be applied to physical objects, such as aligning books on a shelf, or abstract concepts, like coordinating schedules. For example: align the chairs「椅子をそろえる」(いすをそろえる). Let's align our schedules「スケジュールをそろえましょう」(スケジュールをそろえましょう). The verb can also imply making things uniform or consistent, such as in 'そろえる声 (そろえるこえ) (to synchronize voices)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4260

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Production

Reading

Kanji

制System, Control 作Make

Explanation

The Japanese noun '制作 (せいさく)' refers to the act of creating or producing something, often used in the context of art, media, or creative works. It emphasizes the process of bringing something into existence, such as a film, artwork, or program. For example: The production of this movie took two years「この映画の制作には2年かかりました」(このえいがのせいさくにはにねんかかりました). He is in charge of the production of the TV show「彼はそのテレビ番組の制作を担当しています」(かれはそのテレビばんぐみのせいさくをたんとうしています). This word is commonly used in professional or artistic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

String

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ひも (himo)' refers to a 'string' or 'cord'. It is commonly used to describe thin, flexible materials used for tying or binding objects. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as shoelaces, ropes, or even metaphorical ties. For example: Please tie the string tightly「ひもをしっかり結んでください」(ひもをしっかりむすんでください). The string broke「ひもが切れた」(ひもがきれた). Additionally, 'ひも' can sometimes be used colloquially to refer to someone who is financially dependent on another, though this usage is more informal and context-specific.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4262

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quality

Reading

Kanji

品Product 質Quality

Explanation

The Japanese noun '品質 (ひんしつ)' refers to the quality of something, particularly in terms of its characteristics, standards, or level of excellence. It is commonly used in contexts related to products, materials, or services to describe how good or bad they are. For example: The quality of this product is high「この製品の品質は高い」(このせいひんのひんしつはたかい). We need to improve the quality「品質を改善する必要がある」(ひんしつをかいぜんするひつようがある). This word is often used in business or manufacturing settings to discuss the standards of goods or services.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4263

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pure

Reading

Kanji

素Element

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '素 (そ)' conveys the idea of something being pure, unadulterated, or in its natural state. It is often used to describe things that are unprocessed, unrefined, or free from artificial elements. For example: pure water「素水」(そすい). This prefix can also imply simplicity or a lack of pretense, as in '素顔 (すがお) (bare face, no makeup)'. Additionally, it can be used in contexts related to skill or talent, such as '素人 (しろうと) (amateur, literally 'pure person')', which contrasts with '玄人 (くろうと) (professional)'. Example sentences: She has a pure heart「彼女は素心だ」(かのじょはそしんだ). I prefer natural ingredients「私は素の材料が好きです」(わたしはそのざいりょうがすきです).

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4264

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crumpled

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'くしゃくしゃ' describes something that is crumpled, wrinkled, or messy. It is often used to describe the state of paper, fabric, or even hair. For example: The paper is crumpled「紙がくしゃくしゃだ」(かみがくしゃくしゃだ). Her hair is messy「彼女の髪がくしゃくしゃだ」(かのじょのかみがくしゃくしゃだ). Additionally, 'くしゃくしゃ' can also describe a person's emotional state, such as feeling upset or disheveled, though this usage is less common. For example: He looked upset and disheveled「彼はくしゃくしゃした顔をしていた」(かれはくしゃくしゃしたかおをしていた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4265

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Academic society

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学会 (がっかい)' refers to an academic society or association, typically composed of scholars and researchers in a specific field. These organizations often hold conferences, publish journals, and facilitate the exchange of knowledge among members. For example: I attended an academic society conference「学会の会議に出席しました」(がっかいのかいぎにしゅっせきしました). She is a member of the medical academic society「彼女は医学の学会のメンバーです」(かのじょはいがくのがっかいのメンバーです). The term can also sometimes refer to the academic world or scholarly community in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Myth

Reading

Kanji

神God 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神話 (しんわ)' means 'myth'. It refers to traditional stories or legends, often involving gods, supernatural beings, or ancient heroes, that explain cultural beliefs, natural phenomena, or historical events. This word is commonly used in contexts related to folklore, history, or literature. For example: Greek myths are fascinating「ギリシャの神話は面白い」(ギリシャのしんわはおもしろい). This myth explains the origin of the world「この神話は世界の起源を説明する」(このしんわはせかいのきげんをせつめいする). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe widely held but false beliefs or ideas.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4267

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Master, Digest

Reading

Kanji

熟Ripe, Mature

Explanation

The Japanese verb '熟す (こなす)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to master' or 'to become proficient in something'. This usage often refers to skills, tasks, or knowledge. For example: He mastered the art of cooking「彼は料理を熟した」(かれはりょうりをこなした). The second meaning is 'to digest', referring to the process of breaking down food in the body. For example: My stomach can't digest this food「私の胃はこの食べ物を熟せない」(わたしのいはこのたべものをこなせない). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on context. It is often used in both casual and formal settings, and its nuance can shift based on the subject and object of the sentence.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4268

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

終End 了Finish, Complete

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '終了 (しゅうりょう)' means 'end' or 'completion'. It is used to indicate the conclusion or termination of an event, process, or activity. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as the end of a program, meeting, or task. For example: The meeting has ended「会議が終了しました」(かいぎがしゅうりょうしました). The program will end at 5 PM「プログラムは午後5時に終了します」(プログラムはごご5じにしゅうりょうします). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as the end of a game or event. For example: The game is over「ゲームが終了しました」(ゲームがしゅうりょうしました).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4269

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Completion

Reading

Kanji

完Complete 了Finish, Complete

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '完了 (かんりょう)' means 'completion'. It refers to the act of finishing or completing something, often used in contexts where a task, process, or action has been fully carried out. For example: The project is complete「プロジェクトが完了した」(ぷろじぇくとがかんりょうした). The download is complete「ダウンロードが完了しました」(だうんろーどがかんりょうしました). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to indicate that something has reached its conclusion.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4270

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abundant

Reading

Kanji

豊Plentiful 富Wealth, Rich

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '豊富 (ほうふ)' means 'abundant' or 'plentiful'. It is used to describe a large quantity or variety of something, often in a positive context. For example: This region has abundant resources「この地域は資源が豊富だ」(このちいきはしげんがほうふだ). The library has a plentiful collection of books「図書館には本が豊富にある」(としょかんにはほんがほうふにある). '豊富' is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to emphasize the richness or sufficiency of something.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Renewal

Reading

Kanji

更Renew, Grow late 新New

Explanation

The Japanese noun '更新 (こうしん)' primarily means 'renewal'. It is commonly used in contexts where something is being updated, refreshed, or extended. For example, it can refer to renewing a contract, updating software, or extending a subscription. Example sentences: I renewed my contract「契約を更新しました」(けいやくをこうしんしました). The software has been updated「ソフトウェアが更新されました」(ソフトウェアがこうしんされました). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, technology, or legal matters.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4272

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salary man

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サラリーマン (sarariiman)' refers to a salaried office worker, typically a male employee who works for a company. This term is often used to describe the stereotypical Japanese corporate worker who commutes daily, works long hours, and is dedicated to their company. It carries cultural connotations of diligence, loyalty, and sometimes overwork. For example: He is a typical salaryman「彼は典型的なサラリーマンです」(かれはてんけいてきなサラリーマンです). Salarymen often work overtime「サラリーマンはよく残業します」(サラリーマンはよくざんぎょうします). The term is deeply embedded in Japanese work culture and is often associated with the image of a man in a suit carrying a briefcase.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4273

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thrust

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突き込む (つきこむ)' means 'to thrust' or 'to plunge into'. It is used to describe the action of forcefully inserting or pushing something into a place or situation. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: he thrust the sword into the ground「彼は剣を地面に突き込んだ」(かれはけんをじめんにつきこんだ). She plunged into the investigation「彼女は調査に突き込んだ」(かのじょはちょうさにつきこんだ). The verb can also imply a deep involvement or immersion in a situation or activity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4274

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Approval, Recognition

Reading

Kanji

承Consent 認Recognize, Admit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '承認 (しょうにん)' primarily means 'approval' or 'recognition'. It is used in contexts where something is officially accepted, acknowledged, or validated. For example, in a workplace setting, it might refer to the approval of a project or a request. In a legal or formal context, it can mean the recognition of a status or right. Example sentences: The manager gave his approval for the project「マネージャーはそのプロジェクトを承認した」(マネージャーはそのプロジェクトをしょうにんした). The government recognized the new policy「政府は新しい政策を承認した」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをしょうにんした). Note that '承認' often implies a formal or official process of approval or recognition.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4275

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acknowledgment

Reading

Kanji

承Consent 知Know

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '承知 (しょうち)' primarily means 'acknowledgment' or 'understanding'. It is often used in formal contexts to indicate that one has understood or acknowledged something, such as a request or information. For example: I understand your request「ご依頼は承知しました」(ごいらいはしょうちしました). It can also be used to express consent or agreement in a polite manner. For instance: I will take care of it as per your request「ご要望の通り承知いたしました」(ごようぼうのとおりしょうちいたしました). This term is commonly used in business or formal settings to show respect and politeness.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4276

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stingy

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'けち (kechi)' primarily means 'stingy' or 'cheap'. It is used to describe someone who is unwilling to spend money or use resources, often to an excessive degree. This term can carry a negative connotation, implying a lack of generosity. For example: he is stingy「彼はけちだ」(かれはけちだ). Don't be so stingy with the sauce「ソースをけちらないで」(ソースをけちらないで). In some contexts, 'けち' can also imply something is of poor quality or shabby, but this usage is less common and typically tied to the idea of being cheap or miserly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

4277

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Persuasion

Reading

Kanji

説Theory, Explanation 得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '説得 (せっとく)' means 'persuasion'. It refers to the act of convincing someone to agree with or accept a particular idea, opinion, or course of action. This term is often used in contexts where one person is trying to influence another's thoughts or decisions. For example: His persuasion was successful「彼の説得は成功した」(かれのせっとくはせいこうした). I tried persuasion but it didn't work「説得を試みたがうまくいかなかった」(せっとくをこころみたがうまくいかなかった). The word can also be used in more formal or serious situations, such as legal or business negotiations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4278

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Report, Declaration

Reading

Kanji

申Report 告Announce

Explanation

The Japanese noun '申告 (しんこく)' refers to the act of reporting or declaring something, often in an official or formal context. It is commonly used in situations such as tax reporting, customs declarations, or notifying authorities about specific information. For example: I filed a tax report「税金の申告をしました」(ぜいきんのしんこくをしました). Please declare any prohibited items「禁止されている物を申告してください」(きんしされているものをしんこくしてください). The word carries a formal tone and is typically used in legal, financial, or bureaucratic settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4279

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Organization, Formation

Reading

Kanji

編Edit, Knit 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese noun '編成 (へんせい)' can mean 'formation' or 'organization', depending on the context. It is often used to describe the arrangement or structuring of groups, teams, or systems. For example, in the context of a sports team, it refers to the formation of players. In a business or organizational context, it refers to the structuring of departments or teams. Example sentences: The formation of the soccer team was changed「サッカーチームの編成が変わった」(サッカーチームのへんせいがかわった). The organization of the company is very efficient「会社の編成はとても効率的だ」(かいしゃのへんせいはとてもこうりつてきだ). Note that '編成' is often used in formal or technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4280

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drying, Dryness

Reading

Kanji

乾Dry 燥Dry, Parch, Dry up

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '乾燥 (かんそう)' primarily refers to the state of being dry or the process of drying. It is commonly used in contexts related to weather, food preservation, and materials. For example: The dryness of the air is intense「空気の乾燥が激しい」(くうきのかんそうがはげしい). Drying clothes in the sun「服を乾燥させる」(ふくをかんそうさせる). This word can also be used in scientific or technical contexts, such as in describing the drying process of paint or other substances.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4281

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hill

Reading

Kanji

丘Hill

Explanation

The Japanese noun '丘 (おか)' means 'hill'. This word refers to a naturally raised area of land, not as high as a mountain, often with a rounded top. It is commonly used to describe geographical features in landscapes. For example: There is a small hill near my house「私の家の近くに小さな丘があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにちいさなおかがあります). We had a picnic on the hill「丘の上でピクニックをしました」(おかのうえでぴくにっくをしました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a gentle rise or elevation in various contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

View

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '視 (し)' means 'view' or 'perspective'. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe a particular way of looking at or considering something. For example: global view「グローバル視」(ぐろーばるし). This suffix is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as in academic writing or business discussions. Another example: a critical perspective「批判的視」(ひはんてきし). Note that '視' is rarely used as a standalone word and is almost always part of a compound.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smile

Reading

Kanji

微Slight, Delicate 笑Laugh

Explanation

The Japanese verb '微笑む (ほほえむ)' means 'to smile'. This verb is used to describe a gentle or subtle smile, often conveying warmth, kindness, or quiet amusement. It is less intense than a broad or loud smile and is often associated with a calm or serene expression. For example: She smiled gently at the child「彼女は子供に微笑んだ」(かのじょはこどもにほほえんだ). He smiled quietly to himself「彼は静かに微笑んだ」(かれはしずかにほほえんだ). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something that brings a sense of quiet joy or satisfaction, such as 'the flowers smiled in the breeze'「花が風に微笑んだ」(はながかぜにほほえんだ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4284

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Honest

Reading

Kanji

素Element 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '素直 (すなお)' primarily means 'honest' or 'obedient'. It describes someone who is straightforward, sincere, and free from deceit or pretense. This word is often used to praise someone's character, especially when they are willing to accept advice or criticism without resistance. For example: She is an honest child「彼女は素直な子供です」(かのじょはすなおなこどもです). He honestly admitted his mistake「彼は素直に自分の過ちを認めた」(かれはすなおにじぶんのあやまちをみとめた). The term can also imply a sense of purity or simplicity in one's nature, making it a positive trait in Japanese culture.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4285

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rough

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ざらざら (zarazara)' describes a rough or coarse texture. It is often used to describe surfaces or materials that feel uneven or gritty to the touch. For example: the sandpaper feels rough「紙やすりはざらざらしている」(かみやすりはざらざらしている). The surface of the stone is rough「石の表面はざらざらだ」(いしのひょうめんはざらざらだ). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that feels unrefined or harsh, such as a voice or a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4286

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hydrogen

Reading

Kanji

水Water 素Element

Explanation

The Japanese noun '水素 (すいそ)' means 'hydrogen'. It refers to the chemical element with the symbol H and atomic number 1, which is the lightest and most abundant element in the universe. This term is commonly used in scientific contexts, such as chemistry and physics. For example: Hydrogen is the lightest element「水素は最も軽い元素です」(すいそはもっともかるいげんそです). Water is made of hydrogen and oxygen「水は水素と酸素でできている」(みずはすいそとさんそでできている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4287

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advantageous

Reading

Kanji

有Exist 利Profit, Advantage

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有利 (ゆうり)' means 'advantageous' or 'favorable'. It is used to describe situations, conditions, or positions that provide a benefit or advantage. For example: This deal is advantageous for us「この取引は私たちにとって有利だ」(このとりひきはわたしたちにとってゆうりだ). The team is in a favorable position「そのチームは有利な立場にある」(そのチームはゆうりなたちばにある). It is often used in contexts related to business, competition, or strategic decisions.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4288

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lack, Chip

Reading

Kanji

欠Lack

Explanation

The Japanese verb '欠ける (かける)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to lack' or 'to be missing', often used to describe something that is incomplete or insufficient. For example: this plan lacks a clear goal「この計画は明確な目標が欠けている」(このけいかくはめいかくなもくひょうがかけている). The second meaning is 'to chip' or 'to break off', referring to a physical object losing a piece. For example: the cup chipped when it fell「カップは落ちて欠けた」(カップはおちてかけた). These meanings are unrelated and depend on the context in which the verb is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4289

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coal

Reading

Kanji

石Stone 炭Charcoal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '石炭 (せきたん)' refers to 'coal', a combustible black or brownish-black sedimentary rock used as a fuel. This word is commonly used in contexts related to energy, mining, or historical references to industrialization. For example: Coal is an important energy resource「石炭は重要なエネルギー資源です」(せきたんはじゅうようなエネルギーしげんです). They used coal to heat the house「彼らは家を暖めるために石炭を使いました」(かれらはいえをあたためるためにせきたんをつかいました). The word is neutral in tone and is typically used in technical, historical, or everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4290

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hall

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ホール (houru)' refers to a 'hall', typically a large room or building used for events, gatherings, or performances. It is often used in contexts such as concert halls, banquet halls, or event spaces. For example: The concert will be held in the hall「コンサートはホールで行われます」(コンサートはホールでおこなわれます). This hall is very spacious「このホールはとても広いです」(このホールはとてもひろいです). The word is borrowed from English and retains a similar meaning, but it is specifically used in Japanese to describe large, formal spaces.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4291

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Official

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '役人 (やくにん)' refers to a government official or civil servant. This term is used to describe someone who works in a public office or holds a position of authority within a government organization. It can be used in various contexts, such as discussing local, national, or bureaucratic roles. For example: The official inspected the documents「役人が書類を検査した」(やくにんがしょるいをけんさした). He became a government official「彼は役人になった」(かれはやくにんになった). The term carries a neutral to formal tone and is often associated with administrative or regulatory duties.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shore

Reading

Kanji

岸Beach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '岸 (きし)' refers to the 'shore' or 'bank' of a body of water, such as a river, lake, or sea. It is used to describe the land at the edge of the water. For example: The boat is near the shore「ボートは岸の近くにある」(ボートはきしのちかくにある). We walked along the riverbank「私たちは川の岸を歩いた」(わたしたちはかわのきしをあるいた). This word is commonly used in both natural and urban settings to describe the boundary between land and water.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bag

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バッグ (baggu)' means 'bag'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used to refer to various types of bags, such as handbags, backpacks, or shopping bags. This word is widely understood in everyday conversation and is often used in contexts related to fashion, travel, or daily use. For example: I bought a new bag「新しいバッグを買いました」(あたらしいバッグをかいました). Her bag is very stylish「彼女のバッグはとてもおしゃれです」(かのじょのバッグはとてもおしゃれです). The word 'バッグ' is typically written in katakana to emphasize its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4294

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stab

Reading

Kanji

刺Stab

Explanation

The Japanese verb '刺す (さす)' primarily means 'to stab' or 'to pierce'. It is used to describe the action of penetrating something with a sharp object, such as a knife, needle, or thorn. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional pain or sharp sensations. For example: he stabbed the enemy with a knife「彼は敵をナイフで刺した」(かれはてきをナイフでさした). A bee stung me「蜂が私を刺した」(はちがわたしをさした). The cold wind pierced through my coat「冷たい風がコートを刺した」(つめたいかぜがコートをさした). Note that '刺す' is often used in contexts involving physical penetration, but it can also describe sharp, sudden feelings or actions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4295

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disband

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 散Scatter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '解散 (かいさん)' means 'disband'. It is commonly used to describe the act of a group, organization, or assembly breaking up or dissolving. For example: The club disbanded「クラブが解散した」(クラブがかいさんした). The parliament was dissolved「議会が解散された」(ぎかいがかいさんされた). This term is often used in formal or official contexts, such as political or organizational settings. It can also imply the end of a gathering or meeting, as in 'The meeting disbanded at 5 PM'「会議は午後5時に解散した」(かいぎはごご5じにかいさんした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4296

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smog

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スモッグ (sumoggu)' refers to 'smog', which is a type of air pollution caused by a mixture of smoke and fog. This term is often used in environmental discussions and urban contexts to describe the hazy, polluted air that can be harmful to health. For example: The city is covered in smog「街はスモッグに覆われている」(まちはスモッグにおおわれている). Smog is a serious problem in urban areas「スモッグは都市部での深刻な問題です」(スモッグはとしぶでのしんこくなもんだいです). The word 'スモッグ' is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in Japanese without significant changes in meaning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4297

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both

Reading

Kanji

双Both, Pair 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '双方 (そうほう)' means 'both' or 'both parties'. It is used to refer to two sides, parties, or aspects of a situation. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts to emphasize the involvement or agreement of two parties. For example: Both parties agreed「双方が同意した」(そうほうがどういした). Both sides are responsible「双方が責任を負う」(そうほうがせきにんをおう). The word is neutral and can be applied to people, groups, or abstract concepts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4298

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Benefit

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'メリット (めりっと)' is derived from the English word 'merit' and is commonly used to refer to the advantages, benefits, or positive aspects of something. It is often used in discussions about the pros and cons of a situation, decision, or product. For example: The benefit of this method is its simplicity「この方法のメリットはシンプルさです」(このほうほうのめりっとはしんぷるさです). One of the benefits of living in the city is convenience「都会に住むメリットの一つは便利さです」(とかいにすむめりっとのひとつはべんりさです). This word is frequently used in both formal and informal contexts, and it is important to note that it is a loanword, so it is written in katakana.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4299

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Colony

Reading

Kanji

植Plant 民People, Nation 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '植民地 (しょくみんち)' means 'colony'. It refers to a territory or area that is under the political control of another country, often settled by people from that controlling country. This term is commonly used in historical or political contexts to describe regions that were colonized by foreign powers. For example: This island was once a colony「この島はかつて植民地だった」(このしまはかつてしょくみんちだった). The country lost its colonies after the war「その国は戦後植民地を失った」(そのくにはせんごしょくみんちをうしなった). The word can also carry connotations of exploitation or subjugation, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4300

Composition

kanji

Handwriting