Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Look around

Reading

Kanji

見See 回Revolve, Times

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見回す (みまわす)' means 'to look around' or 'to survey'. It is used when someone is scanning or observing their surroundings, often with the intention of checking or inspecting something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as looking around a room, surveying a landscape, or inspecting a situation. For example: He looked around the room「彼は部屋を見回した」(かれはへやをみまわした). The security guard surveyed the area「警備員はそのエリアを見回した」(けいびいんはそのえりあをみまわした). The verb often implies a deliberate or thorough action of observation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4701

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hectic

Reading

Kanji

慌Flurried, Disconcerted

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '慌ただしい (あわただしい)' means 'hectic'. It describes a situation or period of time that is very busy, rushed, or chaotic. This word is often used to convey a sense of urgency or disorder, such as during a busy workday or a fast-paced event. For example: Today was hectic「今日は慌ただしかった」(きょうはあわただしかった). The morning was hectic with preparations「朝の準備は慌ただしかった」(あさのじゅんびはあわただしかった). Note that this adjective is commonly used to describe temporary states rather than permanent characteristics.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4702

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manners

Reading

Kanji

行Go 儀Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行儀 (ぎょうぎ)' refers to 'manners' or 'behavior' in a social context. It is often used to describe how someone conducts themselves, particularly in terms of politeness, etiquette, or decorum. This word is commonly used in situations where proper behavior is expected, such as in formal settings, schools, or public places. For example: Good manners are important「行儀が大切です」(ぎょうぎがたいせつです). The child has bad manners「その子は行儀が悪い」(そのこはぎょうぎがわるい). It can also be used to describe the way something is done, such as '行儀よく食べる (ぎょうぎよくたべる)' meaning 'to eat politely'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4703

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monk

Reading

Kanji

坊Boy, Sonny

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'お坊さん (おぼうさん)' refers to a Buddhist monk. It is a polite and respectful term used to address or refer to monks, often associated with temples and religious practices. The prefix 'お' adds politeness, while '坊さん' is derived from '坊主 (ぼうず)', which can also mean monk but is less formal. Example sentences: The monk is praying「お坊さんが祈っています」(おぼうさんがいのっています). I saw a monk at the temple「お寺でお坊さんを見ました」(おてらでおぼうさんをみました). This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to monks in a respectful manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4704

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flag, National flag

Reading

Kanji

国Country 旗Flag

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国旗 (こっき)' refers to a 'flag' or specifically a 'national flag'. It is used to denote the official flag of a country, symbolizing its identity and sovereignty. For example: The national flag of Japan is beautiful「日本の国旗は美しい」(にほんのこっきはうつくしい). I saw many national flags at the event「イベントでたくさんの国旗を見た」(イベントでたくさんのこっきをみた). The word is commonly used in contexts related to national identity, international events, and ceremonies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4705

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deficit

Reading

Kanji

赤Red 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '赤字 (あかじ)' primarily means 'deficit'. It is commonly used in financial contexts to describe a situation where expenses exceed income, resulting in a loss. The term can also be used metaphorically to describe any situation where there is a shortfall or lack. For example: The company is in deficit「その会社は赤字です」(そのかいしゃはあかじです). The government is facing a budget deficit「政府は予算の赤字に直面している」(せいふはよさんのあかじにちょくめんしている). The term is often used in business and economic discussions, and it is important to note that it carries a negative connotation, indicating financial trouble or imbalance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4706

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commerce

Reading

Kanji

商Trade, Deal 業Business

Explanation

The Japanese noun '商業 (しょうぎょう)' refers to 'commerce' or 'trade'. It is used to describe the activity of buying and selling goods and services, especially on a large scale. This term is often used in contexts related to business, economics, and industry. For example: Commerce is important for the economy「商業は経済にとって重要です」(しょうぎょうはけいざいにとってじゅうようです). The city is a center of commerce「その都市は商業の中心です」(そのとしはしょうぎょうのちゅうしんです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '商業施設 (しょうぎょうしせつ)' (commercial facilities) or '商業地域 (しょうぎょうちいき)' (commercial district).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4707

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Premier

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '総理 (そうり)' refers to the 'premier' or 'prime minister' of a country, specifically Japan. It is a formal term used to denote the head of the government. The word is often used in political contexts and news reports. For example: The premier will hold a press conference「総理が記者会見を行います」(そうりがきしゃかいけんをおこないます). The premier visited the disaster area「総理が被災地を訪問しました」(そうりがひさいちをほうもんしました). It is important to note that '総理' is often used in conjunction with '大臣 (だいじん)' to form '総理大臣 (そうりだいじん)', which is the full title for the prime minister of Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4708

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hand, Nearby

Reading

Kanji

手Hand 元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手元 (てもと)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning refers to 'hand' or 'the area around one's hands,' often used to describe something being within reach or close to one's hands. The second meaning refers to something being 'nearby' or 'close at hand,' often used to describe objects or situations that are easily accessible. For example: Keep the book at hand「本を手元に置いておく」(ほんをてもとにおいておく). I always keep my phone nearby「いつも携帯を手元に置いている」(いつもけいたいをてもとにおいてる). The word can also be used in contexts like '手元に現金がない' (てもとにげんきんがない), meaning 'I don’t have cash on hand.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4709

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Logic, Sequence

Reading

Kanji

筋Muscle, Tendon 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筋道 (すじみち)' refers to a logical sequence or a coherent line of reasoning. It is often used to describe a well-structured argument, a clear process, or a systematic approach to solving a problem. For example: His explanation lacks logic「彼の説明には筋道がない」(かれのせつめいにはすじみちがない). Follow the proper sequence「筋道を追ってください」(すじみちをおってください). The word emphasizes the importance of clarity and order in thought or action.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4710

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flatter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'おだてる (おだてる)' means 'to flatter' or 'to praise someone excessively, often with the intention of manipulating them or encouraging them to do something. It can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying insincerity or ulterior motives. For example: He flattered her to get her to agree「彼は彼女を同意させるためにおだてた」(かれはかのじょをどういさせるためにおだてた). Don't flatter me too much, I know I'm not that good「あまりおだてないで、私はそんなに上手じゃないと知っている」(あまりおだてないで、わたしはそんなにじょうずじゃないとしっている). This verb is often used in contexts where someone is being coaxed or persuaded through praise.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4711

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cushion

Reading

Kanji

座Sit, Seat 布Cloth, Linen 団Group, Association

Explanation

The Japanese noun '座布団 (ざぶとん)' refers to a traditional Japanese cushion used for sitting on the floor. It is typically square-shaped, filled with cotton or other soft material, and often placed on tatami mats. '座布団' is commonly used in Japanese homes, especially during tea ceremonies or when sitting at a low table. Example sentences: Please sit on the cushion「座布団に座ってください」(ざぶとんにすわってください). This cushion is very comfortable「この座布団はとても快適です」(このざぶとんはとてもかいてきです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4712

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disease

Reading

Kanji

疾Rapidly, Disease 患Ill, Afflicted

Explanation

The Japanese noun '疾患 (しっかん)' refers to a disease or medical condition. It is a formal term often used in medical contexts to describe illnesses or disorders. For example: He suffers from a rare disease「彼は珍しい疾患に苦しんでいる」(かれはめずらしいしっかんにくるしんでいる). Early detection of the disease is important「疾患の早期発見は重要です」(しっかんのそうきはっけんはじゅうようです). This term is commonly used in medical reports, research, and discussions about health conditions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4713

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Funeral

Reading

Kanji

葬Bury, Burial 儀Ceremony

Explanation

The Japanese noun '葬儀 (そうぎ)' refers to a funeral ceremony. It is used to describe the formal rituals and services held to honor and remember a deceased person. This word is commonly used in formal contexts and is associated with the cultural and religious practices surrounding death in Japan. For example: The funeral was held yesterday「葬儀は昨日行われた」(そうぎはきのうおこなわれた). Many people attended the funeral「多くの人が葬儀に参列した」(おおくのひとがそうぎにさんれつした). The word '葬儀' often carries a solemn and respectful tone, reflecting the importance of the event in Japanese culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4714

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monthly

Reading

Kanji

毎Every 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '毎月 (まいつき)' means 'monthly'. It refers to something that occurs or is done every month. This word is commonly used in contexts related to schedules, payments, or events that repeat on a monthly basis. For example: I pay rent monthly「私は毎月家賃を払います」(わたしはまいつきやちんをはらいます). The magazine is published monthly「その雑誌は毎月発行されます」(そのざっしはまいつきはっこうされます). Note that '毎月' is often used in formal or written contexts, but it can also be used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4715

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eyebrow

Reading

Kanji

眉Eyebrows

Explanation

The Japanese noun '眉 (まゆ)' refers to the 'eyebrow', the strip of hair growing above the eye. This word is used in various contexts, from describing facial features to expressing emotions or reactions, as eyebrows play a significant role in non-verbal communication. For example: Her eyebrows are thick「彼女の眉は太い」(かのじょのまゆはふとい). He raised his eyebrows in surprise「彼は驚いて眉を上げた」(かれはおどろいてまゆをあげた). In Japanese culture, eyebrows can also be a focal point in beauty and fashion, with trends in shaping and styling them.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4716

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drag

Reading

Kanji

引Pull

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引きずる (ひきずる)' primarily means 'to drag'. It can be used both literally and figuratively. In a literal sense, it refers to pulling something along the ground, such as dragging a heavy object. For example: He dragged the suitcase「彼はスーツケースを引きずった」(かれはスーツケースをひきずった). Figuratively, it can describe prolonging or dragging out a situation, emotion, or problem. For example: She dragged out the conversation「彼女は会話を引きずった」(かのじょはかいわをひきずった). Additionally, it can imply being weighed down by something, such as lingering feelings or consequences. For example: He is still dragging the past「彼はまだ過去を引きずっている」(かれはまだかこをひきずっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4717

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Idiom

Reading

Kanji

慣Accustomed 用Use 句Phrase, Paragraph

Explanation

The Japanese noun '慣用句 (かんようく)' refers to an 'idiom' or a set phrase that has a meaning not deducible from the individual words. These expressions are deeply rooted in the language and culture, often carrying nuances and connotations that are unique to Japanese. For example: He used an idiom to explain his point「彼は自分のポイントを説明するために慣用句を使った」(かれはじぶんのポイントをせつめいするためにかんようくをつかった). Learning idioms is essential for understanding Japanese culture「慣用句を学ぶことは日本文化を理解するために不可欠だ」(かんようくをまなぶことはにほんぶんかをりかいするためにふかけつだ). Idioms often reflect historical events, folklore, or common experiences, making them a rich area of study for language learners.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4718

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heel

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'かかと' refers to the 'heel' of the foot. It is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing parts of the body, footwear, or physical activities. For example: My heel hurts「かかとが痛い」(かかとがいたい). She bought shoes with high heels「彼女はハイヒールの靴を買った」(かのじょはハイヒールのくつをかった). The word can also be used metaphorically in some contexts, but its primary meaning is the anatomical heel.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4719

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

In company

Reading

Kanji

社Company 内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社内 (しゃない)' refers to something that is within a company or organization. It is commonly used to describe activities, communications, or matters that occur inside a company. For example: in-company training「社内研修」(しゃないけんしゅう). The email is for internal use only「このメールは社内専用です」(このメールはしゃないせんようです). This term is often used in business contexts to distinguish between internal and external affairs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4720

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Star

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スター (sutaa)' means 'star'. This word is a loanword from English and is commonly used to refer to celestial stars, but more frequently, it is used to describe a famous or prominent person, such as a celebrity or a top performer in a field. For example: that actor is a big star「あの俳優は大きなスターです」(あのはいゆうはおおきなスターです). The stars are beautiful tonight「今夜の星はきれいです」(こんやのほしはきれいです). Note that while '星 (ほし)' is the native Japanese word for celestial stars, 'スター' is often used in contexts related to fame or entertainment.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4721

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Last third

Reading

Kanji

下Down 旬Decameron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下旬 (げじゅん)' refers to the 'last third' of a month, specifically the period from the 21st to the end of the month. It is commonly used in contexts related to time, scheduling, or planning. For example: The event will be held in the last third of October「イベントは10月の下旬に開催されます」(イベントはじゅうがつのげじゅんにかいさいされます). The report is due by the last third of this month「レポートは今月の下旬までに提出してください」(レポートはこんげつのげじゅんまでにていしゅつしてください). This term is often used in formal or business settings to specify dates or deadlines.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4722

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

First ten days of the month

Reading

Kanji

上Up 旬Decameron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上旬 (じょうじゅん)' refers to the first 10 days of a month. It is commonly used in contexts where specifying a time period within a month is necessary, such as scheduling, planning, or reporting. For example: The event will be held in the first 10 days of March「イベントは3月上旬に開催されます」(イベントはさんがつじょうじゅんにかいさいされます). I will submit the report by the first 10 days of next month「来月上旬までにレポートを提出します」(らいげつじょうじゅんまでにレポートをていしゅつします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4723

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Below

Reading

Kanji

下Down 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下記 (かき)' means 'below' or 'the following'. It is commonly used in written contexts, such as documents, articles, or instructions, to refer to information that is listed or explained further down in the text. For example: please refer to the information below「下記の情報をご参照ください」(かきのじょうほうをごさんしょうください). The details are as follows「下記の通りです」(かきのとおりです). This word is often used in formal or business settings to direct the reader's attention to specific details or instructions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4724

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ice

Reading

Kanji

氷Ice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '氷 (こおり)' means 'ice'. This word refers to the solid form of water, typically found in cold environments or created artificially. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as describing ice cubes, icy surfaces, or frozen conditions. For example: The lake is covered with ice「湖は氷で覆われている」(みずうみはこおりでおおわれている). Please put some ice in the drink「飲み物に氷を入れてください」(のみものにこおりをいれてください). The word can also appear in compound nouns, such as '氷水 (こおりみず)' meaning 'ice water'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4725

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slope

Reading

Kanji

坂Slope

Explanation

The Japanese noun '坂 (さか)' means 'slope' or 'hill'. It refers to an inclined surface, such as a road or path that goes up or down. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and place names. For example: The slope is steep「坂が急です」(さかがきゅうです). Let's walk up the hill「坂を登りましょう」(さかをのぼりましょう). The nuance of this word is neutral and can refer to both gentle and steep slopes. It is often used in contexts related to travel, hiking, or describing terrain.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4726

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

United states military

Reading

Kanji

米Rice 軍Army

Explanation

The Japanese noun '米軍 (べいぐん)' refers specifically to the United States military. The term is a combination of '米 (べい)', which is short for 'アメリカ (America)', and '軍 (ぐん)', meaning 'military' or 'armed forces'. This word is commonly used in news, political discussions, or historical contexts to refer to the US military presence or actions. For example: The US military has a base in Japan「米軍は日本に基地を持っている」(べいぐんはにほんにきちをもっている). The US military conducted joint exercises「米軍は合同演習を行った」(べいぐんはごうどうえんしゅうをおこなった). Note that '米軍' is a formal term and is not typically used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4727

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decoration

Reading

Kanji

飾Decorate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '飾り (かざり)' means 'decoration'. It refers to objects or elements used to adorn or embellish something, such as a room, a piece of clothing, or an event. This word is often used in contexts like festivals, weddings, or interior design. For example: The Christmas tree has beautiful decorations「クリスマスツリーには美しい飾りがある」(くりすますつりーにはうつくしいかざりがある). She added a decoration to her hat「彼女は帽子に飾りを付けた」(かのじょはぼうしにかざりをつけた). The word can also imply something that is purely ornamental and not functional, as in '飾り物 (かざりもの)' (ornamental object).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4728

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theme

Reading

Kanji

主Master 題Topic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '主題 (しゅだい)' means 'theme'. It refers to the main subject or central topic of a discussion, piece of writing, artwork, or any other form of expression. This word is commonly used in academic, literary, and artistic contexts. For example: the theme of the novel is love「小説の主題は愛です」(しょうせつのしゅだいはあいです). The theme of the conference is environmental protection「会議の主題は環境保護です」(かいぎのしゅだいはかんきょうほごです). It can also be used in music to describe the main melody or motif, as in 'the theme of the symphony is very memorable'「交響曲の主題はとても印象的です」(こうきょうきょくのしゅだいはとてもいんしょうてきです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4729

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Africa

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'アフリカ (あふりか)' refers to the continent of Africa. It is written in katakana, as is typical for foreign loanwords and proper nouns in Japanese. This term is used in the same way as in English, to refer to the geographical continent, its people, cultures, or related topics. For example: I want to visit Africa「アフリカに行きたいです」(あふりかにいきたいです). Africa is a diverse continent「アフリカは多様な大陸です」(あふりかはたようなたいりくです). The word is straightforward and does not carry additional nuances beyond its geographical meaning.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

4730

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lead

Reading

Kanji

率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese verb '率いる (ひきいる)' means 'to lead' or 'to command'. It is used to describe the action of guiding or directing a group of people, such as a team, an army, or an organization. This verb often implies a sense of responsibility and authority over the group being led. For example: he leads the team「彼はチームを率いる」(かれはチームをひきいる). The general commanded the army「将軍は軍隊を率いた」(しょうぐんはぐんたいをひきいた). Note that '率いる' is typically used in formal or serious contexts, and it is not commonly used for casual leadership roles.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4731

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rough

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がさがさ (gasagasa)' describes a rough or coarse texture, often implying dryness or lack of smoothness. It can also describe actions or sounds associated with roughness, such as rustling or scratching. For example: the paper feels rough「この紙はがさがさしている」(このかみはがさがさしている). His hands are rough from work「彼の手は仕事でがさがさだ」(かれのてはしごとでがさがさだ). The leaves rustled in the wind「葉っぱが風でがさがさと音を立てた」(はっぱがかぜでがさがさとおとをたてた). This word is often used to evoke a tactile or auditory sensation of roughness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4732

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pediatrics

Reading

Kanji

小Small 児Child 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '小児科 (しょうにか)' refers to the medical field of pediatrics, which is the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals or clinics, to denote the department or specialty focused on children's health. For example: I work in pediatrics「私は小児科で働いています」(わたしはしょうにかではたらいています). My child is being treated in the pediatrics department「私の子供は小児科で治療を受けています」(わたしのこどもはしょうにかでちりょうをうけています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4733

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theater

Reading

Kanji

劇Drama 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '劇場 (げきじょう)' refers to a 'theater', specifically a place where performances such as plays, musicals, or movies are held. It is commonly used to describe venues for live performances or cinemas. For example: Let's go to the theater「劇場に行きましょう」(げきじょうにいきましょう). The theater is crowded today「劇場は今日混んでいます」(げきじょうはきょうこんでいます). This word is often used in contexts related to entertainment and cultural events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4734

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Court

Reading

Kanji

朝Morning 廷Court

Explanation

The Japanese noun '朝廷 (ちょうてい)' refers to the imperial court or the government under the emperor in historical contexts. It specifically denotes the central administrative and ceremonial institution of the Japanese monarchy, particularly during the Heian period and earlier. This term is often used in historical or literary contexts to describe the political and social center of ancient Japan. For example: The emperor held power at the court「天皇は朝廷で権力を握っていた」(てんのうはちょうていでけんりょくをにぎっていた). The court was the center of politics「朝廷は政治の中心だった」(ちょうていはせいじのちゅうしんだった). Note that this term is archaic and not commonly used in modern contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4735

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Part

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パート' (paato) is a loanword from English, meaning 'part'. It is commonly used in contexts such as part-time jobs ('パートタイム' - paato taimu) or roles in a play or performance. For example: She has a part-time job「彼女はパートの仕事をしている」(かのじょはぱーとのしごとをしている). He got the main part in the play「彼はその劇の主役のパートを獲得した」(かれはそのげきのしゅやくのぱーとをかくとくした). The word can also refer to a section or portion of something, like a part of a machine or a musical composition.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4736

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Neglect

Reading

Kanji

放Release 置Put

Explanation

The Japanese noun '放置 (ほうち)' means 'neglect' or 'leaving something as it is without taking action'. It is often used to describe situations where something is ignored or abandoned, either intentionally or unintentionally. For example: the neglect of the problem led to bigger issues「問題の放置が大きな問題を引き起こした」(もんだいのほうちがおおきなもんだいをひきおこした). The car was left abandoned on the side of the road「車が道端に放置されていた」(くるまがみちばたにほうちされていた). This word can also be used in contexts like '放置プレイ (ほうちプレイ)', which refers to a gaming strategy where the player leaves the game running without active input.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4737

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Proof

Reading

Kanji

証Evidence

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '証 (しょう)' means 'proof' or 'evidence'. It is often attached to nouns to indicate something that serves as proof or certification. For example, a '免許証 (めんきょしょう)' is a 'license' or 'certificate', and a '身分証明書 (みぶんしょうめいしょ)' is an 'identification document'. This suffix is commonly used in formal or legal contexts. Example sentences: This is proof of my identity「これは私の身分証です」(これはわたしのみぶんしょうです). Please show your license「免許証を見せてください」(めんきょしょうをみせてください).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4738

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reform, Revise

Reading

Kanji

改Reform

Explanation

The Japanese verb '改める (あらためる)' primarily means 'to revise' or 'to reform'. It is used when making changes to something in order to improve or correct it. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as revising plans, reforming systems, or correcting behavior. For example: I revised my plans「計画を改めた」(けいかくをあらためた). The government reformed the law「政府は法律を改めた」(せいふはほうりつをあらためた). It's important to note that '改める' often implies a deliberate and thoughtful change, rather than a casual or minor adjustment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4739

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ophthalmology

Reading

Kanji

眼Eyeball 科Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '眼科 (がんか)' refers to the medical field of ophthalmology, which deals with the diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders. It is also commonly used to refer to an eye clinic or an ophthalmologist's office. For example: I went to the eye clinic「眼科に行きました」(がんかにいきました). She is an ophthalmologist「彼女は眼科医です」(かのじょはがんかいです). The term is often used in medical contexts and is essential for discussing eye health or seeking medical attention for eye-related issues.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4740

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nearsightedness

Reading

Kanji

近Near 眼Eyeball

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近眼 (きんがん)' refers to the condition of being nearsighted, meaning one can see nearby objects clearly but distant objects appear blurry. It is commonly used in medical or everyday contexts to describe vision impairment. For example: I have nearsightedness「私は近眼です」(わたしはきんがんです). Nearsightedness makes it hard to see far away「近眼だと遠くが見えにくい」(きんがんだととおくがみえにくい). This term is often used in discussions about eye health or when describing someone's vision.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4741

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doze

Reading

Kanji

居Reside, Be 眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '居眠り (いねむり)' refers to the act of dozing off or taking a nap, often unintentionally or in a situation where one is expected to be awake, such as during a meeting or class. It implies a light, brief sleep rather than a deep, intentional rest. For example: I dozed off during the meeting「会議中に居眠りをした」(かいぎちゅうにいねむりをした). The student was dozing in class「その学生は授業中に居眠りをしていた」(そのがくせいはじゅぎょうちゅうにいねむりをしていた). This word is often used to describe a situation where someone falls asleep due to boredom or fatigue.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4742

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soft

Reading

Kanji

柔Soft, Gentle

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '柔らかい (やわらかい)' means 'soft'. It is used to describe something that is physically soft to the touch, such as fabric, food, or materials. It can also describe something that is flexible, gentle, or not rigid in nature. For example: This bread is soft「このパンは柔らかい」(このパンはやわらかい). Her voice is soft「彼女の声は柔らかい」(かのじょのこえはやわらかい). Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe a gentle or lenient attitude, as in '柔らかい対応 (やわらかいたいおう) (soft handling/approach)'. Note that this word is often used to contrast with '硬い (かたい) (hard)'.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4743

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consistency

Reading

Kanji

一One 貫Pierce, Sushi counter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一貫 (いっかん)' primarily means 'consistency' or 'coherence'. It refers to the quality of being consistent, logical, or unchanging in thought, action, or principle. This word is often used in contexts where maintaining a steady approach or principle is important. For example: His argument lacks consistency「彼の議論には一貫性がない」(かれのぎろんにはいっかんせいがない). The company has maintained a consistent policy「その会社は一貫した方針を維持している」(そのかいしゃはいっかんしたほうしんをいじしている). Note that '一貫' can also be used in compound words like '一貫性 (いっかんせい)' to emphasize the concept of consistency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4744

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Headquarters

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 社Company

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本社 (ほんしゃ)' refers to the 'headquarters' or 'main office' of a company or organization. It is the central location where the primary operations and management of the organization are conducted. For example: The headquarters is in Tokyo「本社は東京にあります」(ほんしゃはとうきょうにあります). I work at the headquarters「私は本社で働いています」(わたしはほんしゃではたらいています). This term is commonly used in business contexts to distinguish the main office from branch offices or subsidiaries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4745

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nibble

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かじる (kajiru)' means 'to nibble' or 'to gnaw'. It is used to describe the action of biting or chewing something lightly or repeatedly, often in small bites. This verb is commonly used when referring to animals or people eating something in a way that involves small, repeated bites. For example: The mouse nibbled on the cheese「ネズミがチーズをかじった」(ねずみがチーズをかじった). He nibbled on the bread「彼はパンをかじった」(かれはパンをかじった). Additionally, 'かじる' can sometimes be used metaphorically to describe someone who is just starting to learn or understand something, as in 'He nibbled at the basics of programming'「彼はプログラミングの基礎をかじった」(かれはプログラミングのきそをかじった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

4746

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sleep

Reading

Kanji

睡Sleep, Drowsy 眠Sleep, Sleepy

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '睡眠 (すいみん)' refers to the act or state of sleeping. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, well-being, and daily routines. For example: I need more sleep「もっと睡眠が必要です」(もっとすいみんがひつようです). Good sleep is important for health「良い睡眠は健康に重要です」(よいすいみんはけんこうにじゅうようです). This word is often used in medical or scientific discussions about sleep quality, disorders, or habits. It can also appear in phrases like '睡眠不足 (すいみんぶそく)' (lack of sleep) or '睡眠時間 (すいみんじかん)' (sleep duration).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4747

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vertical

Reading

Kanji

垂Hang down 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '垂直 (すいちょく)' means 'vertical'. It is used to describe something that is perpendicular to the horizon or at a right angle to a horizontal plane. This term is commonly used in contexts such as geometry, architecture, and everyday descriptions. For example: the wall is vertical「壁は垂直です」(かべはすいちょくです). The tower stands vertically「塔は垂直に立っている」(とうはすいちょくにたっている). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is straightforward or direct, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4748

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Izu

Reading

Explanation

The proper noun 'イズ (izu)' refers to the Izu Peninsula, a region in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan, known for its hot springs, scenic coastlines, and mountainous terrain. It is a popular tourist destination for both domestic and international visitors. Example sentences: I visited Izu last summer「去年の夏、イズに行きました」(きょねんのなつ、イズにいきました). Izu is famous for its hot springs「イズは温泉で有名です」(イズはおんせんでゆうめいです).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

4749

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tumulus

Reading

Kanji

古Old 墳Mound, Tomb

Explanation

The Japanese noun '古墳 (こふん)' refers to an ancient burial mound or tumulus, typically built during the Kofun period (250–538 AD) in Japan. These mounds were constructed as tombs for powerful leaders and are often keyhole-shaped, surrounded by moats. The term is used in historical and archaeological contexts. For example: The tumulus is a historical site「その古墳は歴史的な場所です」(そのこふんはれきしてきなばしょです). We visited a large tumulus「大きな古墳を訪れました」(おおきなこふんをおとずれました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4750

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Timing

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'タイミング (taimingu)' means 'timing'. It refers to the choice, judgment, or control of when something should be done to achieve the desired effect. This word is often used in contexts where precision or the right moment is crucial, such as in sports, music, or daily decision-making. For example: The timing of his joke was perfect「彼のジョークのタイミングは完璧だった」(かれのジョークのタイミングはかんぺきだった). It's all about timing in this game「このゲームではタイミングがすべてだ」(このゲームではタイミングがすべてだ). Note that 'タイミング' is a loanword from English, reflecting the concept of timing in a broad sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4751

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conflict

Reading

Kanji

紛In a tangle, Distract 争Dispute

Explanation

The Japanese noun '紛争 (ふんそう)' refers to 'conflict' or 'dispute'. It is commonly used to describe situations of disagreement, strife, or contention, whether on a personal, social, or international level. This word often appears in contexts involving political, legal, or military conflicts. For example: The two countries are in conflict「二つの国が紛争中です」(ふたつのくにがふんそうちゅうです). The labor dispute has been resolved「労働紛争は解決しました」(ろうどうふんそうはかいけつしました). Note that '紛争' carries a formal tone and is typically used in serious or large-scale situations, distinguishing it from more casual terms like '喧嘩 (けんか)' which refers to smaller-scale arguments or fights.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4752

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Existence

Reading

Kanji

有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '有 (ゆう)' is used to indicate the existence or possession of something. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that convey the idea of 'having' or 'being endowed with'. For example: useful「有効な」(ゆうこうな). This prefix is commonly used in formal or technical contexts. Another example: profitable「有益な」(ゆうえきな). It's important to note that '有' can also be used in standalone words, such as '有る (ある)', which means 'to exist' or 'to have'.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4753

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sit

Reading

Kanji

腰Loins, Waist 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '腰掛ける (こしかける)' means 'to sit'. This verb is specifically used to describe the action of sitting down on something, such as a chair or bench. It implies a temporary or casual sitting position, often used when someone is taking a short rest or waiting. For example: I sat on the bench「ベンチに腰掛けた」(ベンチにこしかけた). He sat down to rest「彼は休むために腰掛けた」(かれはやすむためにこしかけた). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and is more casual than the formal '座る (すわる) (to sit)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4754

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stool

Reading

Kanji

腰Loins, Waist 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese noun '腰掛け (こしかけ)' refers to a 'stool', which is a simple seat without a back or arms. It is often used in casual or temporary seating situations. For example: Please sit on the stool「腰掛けに座ってください」(こしかけにすわってください). There is a stool in the corner「隅に腰掛けがあります」(すみにこしかけがあります). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a temporary position or role, but its primary meaning is the physical object.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4755

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gulping

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がぶがぶ (gabugabu)' describes the sound or action of drinking something quickly and noisily, often in large quantities. It is an onomatopoeic word that vividly conveys the image of someone gulping down a drink, such as water or alcohol. For example: He was gulping down water「彼は水をがぶがぶ飲んでいた」(かれはみずをがぶがぶのんでいた). She drank the beer noisily「彼女はビールをがぶがぶ飲んだ」(かのじょはビールをがぶがぶのんだ). This adverb is often used in casual contexts and can sometimes imply a lack of restraint or care in drinking.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4756

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コート (kouto)' refers to a 'coat', which is a type of outer garment worn for warmth or fashion. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe various types of coats, such as winter coats, raincoats, or trench coats. For example: I bought a new coat「新しいコートを買いました」(あたらしいコートをかいました). She is wearing a red coat「彼女は赤いコートを着ています」(かのじょはあかいコートをきています). The word 'コート' is often used in contexts related to clothing and fashion, and it is easily understood by Japanese speakers due to its widespread use.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4757

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grasp

Reading

Kanji

取Take

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り (とり)' primarily means 'grasp' or 'hold'. It refers to the act of taking or holding something. This word is often used in contexts where something is being seized, captured, or held firmly. For example: He has a firm grasp on the situation「彼は状況をしっかりと取りしている」(かれはじょうきょうをしっかりととりしている). The act of taking the lead「リードを取りする」(りーどをとりする). It can also be used in compound words to denote the act of taking or handling something, such as '取り扱い (とりあつかい)' which means 'handling' or 'treatment'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4758

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Half body

Reading

Kanji

半Half 身Body, Self

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半身 (はんしん)' literally means 'half of the body'. It is often used in contexts such as martial arts, yoga, or physical training to refer to the upper or lower half of the body. For example: focus on your upper half「上半身に集中する」(じょうはんしんにしゅうちゅうする). In martial arts, it can also refer to a stance where only half of the body is exposed to the opponent. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe partial involvement or commitment, such as 'half-hearted'. Example: he gave a half-hearted effort「彼は半身の努力をした」(かれははんしんのどりょくをした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4759

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shout

Reading

Kanji

怒Anger, Angry 鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese verb '怒鳴る (どなる)' means 'to shout' or 'to yell', often in an angry or harsh manner. It is used to describe raising one's voice loudly, typically in situations of frustration, anger, or to assert dominance. For example: He shouted at his subordinate「彼は部下に怒鳴った」(かれはぶかにどなった). Don't shout at me!「私に怒鳴らないで！」(わたしにどならないで！). The verb carries a negative connotation and is often associated with aggression or lack of control. It is important to distinguish it from neutral or positive forms of raising one's voice, such as calling out loudly (叫ぶ, さけぶ).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4760

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'お目に掛かる (おめにかかる)' is a humble and polite expression meaning 'to meet' or 'to have the honor of meeting someone.' It is often used in formal situations or when showing respect to someone of higher status. For example: I had the honor of meeting the professor「教授にお目に掛かりました」(きょうじゅにおめにかかりました). It is important to note that this verb is typically used in the context of meeting someone for the first time or in a formal setting, and it conveys a sense of humility and respect.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4761

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bow, Worship

Reading

Kanji

拝Worship

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拝む (おがむ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to worship', often used in religious or spiritual contexts, such as praying to a deity or showing reverence. The second meaning is 'to bow deeply', which can signify respect, humility, or supplication. For example: She worships at the shrine every morning「彼女は毎朝神社で拝む」(かのじょはまいあさじんじゃでおがむ). He bowed deeply to show his gratitude「彼は感謝の気持ちを表すために拝んだ」(かれはかんしゃのきもちをあらわすためにおがんだ). The verb is often associated with formal or ceremonial actions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4762

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parentheses

Reading

Kanji

括Bind, Fasten 弧Arc, Arch

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '括弧 (かっこ)' refers to 'parentheses' or 'brackets'. It is used to indicate a pair of punctuation marks that enclose additional information or asides within a sentence. In Japanese, there are different types of brackets, such as 丸括弧 (まるかっこ) for round brackets (), 角括弧 (かくかっこ) for square brackets [], and 波括弧 (なみかっこ) for curly brackets {}. Example sentences: Please put the word in parentheses「その言葉を括弧に入れてください」(そのことばをかっこにいれてください). The explanation is in brackets「説明は括弧内にあります」(せつめいはかっこないにあります).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4763

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Command

Reading

Kanji

指Finger 揮Wield, Display

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '指揮 (しき)' means 'command' or 'directing'. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is leading or managing a group, such as in military, musical, or organizational settings. For example: The conductor is directing the orchestra「指揮者がオーケストラを指揮している」(しきしゃがオーケストラをしきしている). The general commanded the troops「将軍が部隊を指揮した」(しょうぐんがぶたいをしきした). This word emphasizes the act of guiding or controlling a group or activity, often with authority or expertise.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4764

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salvation

Reading

Kanji

救Rescue 済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '救済 (きゅうさい)' primarily means 'salvation' or 'relief'. It is often used in contexts related to saving or rescuing someone from a difficult situation, whether it be physical, emotional, or spiritual. This term can be found in both religious and secular contexts. For example: The charity provided salvation to the victims「その慈善団体は被害者に救済を提供した」(そのじぜんだんたいはひがいしゃにきゅうさいをていきょうした). The government announced a relief plan for the disaster-stricken area「政府は被災地への救済策を発表した」(せいふはひさいちへのきゅうさいさくをはっぴょうした). In religious contexts, it often refers to spiritual salvation, such as in the phrase '救済の道 (きゅうさいのみち)', meaning 'the path to salvation'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4765

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boundary

Reading

Kanji

境Boundary, Border 界World

Explanation

The Japanese noun '境界 (きょうかい)' refers to a boundary or border, often used to describe a physical or conceptual line separating two areas, ideas, or states. It can be used in various contexts, such as geographical boundaries, personal limits, or abstract distinctions. For example: the boundary between the two countries「二つの国の境界」(ふたつのくにのきょうかい). The boundary between dreams and reality「夢と現実の境界」(ゆめとげんじつのきょうかい). This word is commonly used in both literal and metaphorical contexts, emphasizing the idea of separation or division.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4766

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inevitability

Reading

Kanji

必Inevitable, Certain 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese noun '必然 (ひつぜん)' means 'inevitability'. It refers to something that is certain to happen or cannot be avoided. This word is often used in philosophical, logical, or formal contexts to describe outcomes or events that are bound to occur due to certain conditions or laws. For example: the inevitability of change「変化の必然」(へんかのひつぜん). It was inevitable that he would succeed「彼が成功するのは必然だった」(かれがせいこうするのはひつぜんだった). The word can also imply a sense of necessity or logical consequence, as in '必然の結果 (ひつぜんのけっか) (inevitable result)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4767

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Faith

Reading

Kanji

信Trust 仰Look up

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '信仰 (しんこう)' means 'faith' or 'belief'. It refers to a strong belief in a religion, deity, or spiritual practice. This word is often used in contexts related to religious devotion or trust in a higher power. For example: he has strong faith in Buddhism「彼は仏教に強い信仰を持っている」(かれはぶっきょうにつよいしんこうをもっている). Faith can move mountains「信仰は山をも動かす」(しんこうはやまをもうごかす). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to discuss religious or spiritual matters.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4768

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Coincidence

Reading

Kanji

偶Couple, By chance 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '偶然 (ぐうぜん)' means 'coincidence'. It refers to something happening by chance, without any deliberate intention or planning. This word is often used to describe unexpected events or encounters that seem to happen by luck or fate. For example: It was a coincidence that we met「偶然会った」(ぐうぜんあった). By coincidence, I found the book I was looking for「偶然、探していた本を見つけた」(ぐうぜん、さがしていたほんをみつけた). The word can also be used to express surprise or wonder at how things align unexpectedly.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4769

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Even

Reading

Kanji

偶Couple, By chance 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '偶数 (ぐうすう)' refers to an 'even number', which is an integer divisible by 2. This term is commonly used in mathematics, everyday counting, and contexts where numerical parity is relevant. For example: 4 is an even number「4は偶数です」(よんはぐうすうです). The sum of two even numbers is also even「2つの偶数の和も偶数です」(ふたつのぐうすうのわもぐうすうです). The concept of even numbers is fundamental in arithmetic and is often contrasted with odd numbers (奇数, きすう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4770

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

School, Cram

Reading

Kanji

塾Private school, Cram school

Explanation

The Japanese noun '塾 (じゅく)' primarily refers to a 'cram school', which is a specialized educational institution that offers supplementary classes, often to help students prepare for entrance exams or improve their academic performance. It can also refer to a private school or academy in a broader sense. Example sentences: I go to a cram school after regular school「私は学校の後で塾に行きます」(わたしはがっこうのあとでじゅくにいきます). This cram school is famous for its high exam pass rate「この塾は高い合格率で有名です」(このじゅくはたかいごうかくりつでゆうめいです). The word is commonly used in the context of education and is often associated with intensive study and exam preparation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4771

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weather

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天気 (てんき)' means 'weather'. It refers to the state of the atmosphere at a particular place and time, including temperature, precipitation, and other meteorological conditions. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations to discuss or inquire about the weather. For example: The weather is nice today「今日は天気がいい」(きょうはてんきがいい). What will the weather be like tomorrow?「明日の天気はどうですか？」(あしたのてんきはどうですか？). It can also be used in expressions like 'good weather' (いい天気, いてんき) or 'bad weather' (悪い天気, わるいてんき).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4772

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blue

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ブルー (ぶるー)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'blue'. It is used to describe the color blue, similar to the native Japanese word '青 (あお)'. However, 'ブルー' often carries a more modern or stylish nuance and is commonly used in fashion, design, or branding contexts. It can also metaphorically describe feelings of sadness or melancholy, similar to the English phrase 'feeling blue'. Example sentences: The sky is blue today「今日の空はブルーだ」(きょうのそらはぶるーだ). She was feeling blue after the breakup「彼女は別れた後、ブルーな気分だった」(かのじょはわかれたあと、ぶるーなきぶんだった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4773

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sound, Ring

Reading

Kanji

鳴Chirp

Explanation

The Japanese verb '鳴らす (ならす)' primarily means 'to ring' or 'to sound'. It is used when making a sound or noise, often intentionally, such as ringing a bell or sounding an alarm. For example: He rang the bell「彼はベルを鳴らした」(かれはベルをならした). The alarm sounded loudly「アラームが大きく鳴らした」(アラームがおおきくならした). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe making one's presence or opinion known, as in 'to make noise' in a figurative sense. It is important to note that '鳴らす' is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being sounded or rung.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4774

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cultivation

Reading

Kanji

栽Plant, Planting 培Cultivate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '栽培 (さいばい)' means 'cultivation'. It refers to the process of growing and nurturing plants, crops, or other agricultural products. This term is commonly used in contexts related to farming, gardening, or horticulture. For example: The cultivation of rice is important in Japan「米の栽培は日本で重要です」(こめのさいばいはにほんでじゅうようです). They are cultivating vegetables in the garden「彼らは庭で野菜を栽培しています」(かれらはにわでやさいをさいばいしています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the nurturing or development of skills, ideas, or relationships, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4775

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Caution

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 戒Admonish, Commandment

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '警戒 (けいかい)' means 'caution' or 'vigilance'. It refers to the act of being watchful or alert to potential danger or trouble. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to be careful or on guard, such as in security, safety, or even interpersonal relationships. For example: The police are on high alert「警察は警戒を強めている」(けいさつはけいかいをつよめている). We must be cautious of natural disasters「自然災害に警戒しなければならない」(しぜんさいがいにけいかいしなければならない). The word can also be used in phrases like '警戒心 (けいかいしん)', which means 'sense of caution' or 'wariness'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4776

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reception

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 信Trust

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受信 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving or the state of being received, particularly in the context of signals, messages, or data. It is commonly used in technical or communication-related contexts, such as receiving radio signals, emails, or other forms of electronic communication. For example: The reception of the radio signal is weak「ラジオの受信が弱い」(ラジオのじゅしんがよわい). I received an email「メールを受信した」(メールをじゅしんした). This term is often paired with its counterpart '送信 (そうしん)', which means 'transmission' or 'sending'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4777

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Geography

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地理 (ちり)' refers to 'geography'. It is used to describe the study of the Earth's physical features, climate, and human activity, as well as the arrangement of places and physical features. For example: I like studying geography「私は地理を勉強するのが好きです」(わたしはちりをべんきょうするのがすきです). The geography of this region is complex「この地域の地理は複雑です」(このちいきのちりはふくざつです). This term is commonly used in academic and educational contexts, and it can also refer to the physical characteristics of a particular area.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4778

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Damage, Hurt

Reading

Kanji

傷Wound, Injury 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '傷付ける (きずつける)' can mean both 'to hurt' (emotionally or physically) and 'to damage' (physically). It is often used to describe causing harm to someone's feelings or injuring something physically. For example: I hurt her feelings「彼女の気持ちを傷付けた」(かのじょのきもちをきずつけた). The storm damaged the roof「嵐が屋根を傷付けた」(あらしがやねをきずつけた). The verb can be used in various contexts, but it generally implies causing some form of harm or injury.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4779

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

壊Demolition, Break down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '壊す (こわす)' means 'to break'. It is used when something is physically damaged or destroyed, such as breaking an object or ruining a structure. It can also be used metaphorically, such as breaking a relationship or ruining a plan. Example sentences: I broke the vase「花瓶を壊した」(かびんをこわした). Don't break the rules「ルールを壊さないで」(ルールをこわさないで). The storm broke the bridge「嵐が橋を壊した」(あらしがはしをこわした). Note that '壊す' implies an action done by someone or something, as opposed to '壊れる (こわれる)', which means 'to be broken' and describes the state of something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4780

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Involve

Reading

Kanji

巻Scroll 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '巻き込む (まきこむ)' means 'to involve' or 'to entangle'. It is often used to describe situations where someone or something is drawn into an event, situation, or conflict, sometimes unwillingly. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he got involved in the accident「彼は事故に巻き込まれた」(かれはじこにまきこまれた). The scandal involved many people「そのスキャンダルは多くの人を巻き込んだ」(そのスキャンダルはおおくのひとをまきこんだ). Note that this verb often carries a nuance of being caught up in something beyond one's control.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4781

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regret

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 悔Repent, Regret

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '後悔 (こうかい)' means 'regret'. It refers to the feeling of sadness, repentance, or disappointment over something that has happened or something one has done. It is often used to express remorse or a wish that things had been done differently. For example: I regret not studying harder「もっと勉強しなかったことを後悔している」(もっとべんきょうしなかったことをこうかいしている). He regrets his decision「彼は自分の決断を後悔している」(かれはじぶんのけつだんをこうかいしている). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to express personal feelings of regret.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4782

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sumo

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 撲Slap, Deal a blow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相撲 (すもう)' refers to the traditional Japanese sport of sumo wrestling. Sumo is a competitive full-contact wrestling sport where a wrestler (rikishi) aims to force his opponent out of a circular ring (dohyō) or to touch the ground with any part of his body other than the soles of his feet. Sumo has deep cultural and historical significance in Japan, often associated with Shinto rituals. Example sentences: I enjoy watching sumo「相撲を見るのが好きです」(すもうをみるのがすきです). Sumo wrestlers are very strong「相撲取りはとても強いです」(すもうとりはとてもつよいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4783

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Biased

Reading

Kanji

偏Biased

Explanation

The Japanese verb '偏る (かたよる)' means 'to be biased' or 'to lean towards one side'. It is used to describe a situation, opinion, or distribution that is uneven or disproportionately focused on one aspect. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as opinions, diets, or resources. For example: His opinion is biased「彼の意見は偏っている」(かれのいけんはかたよっている). The diet is unbalanced「その食事は偏っている」(そのしょくじはかたよっている). It can also describe physical leaning, such as a tree leaning to one side「木が偏っている」(きがかたよっている). The verb often carries a negative connotation, implying a lack of balance or fairness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4784

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さっぱり (sappari)' is often used to express a complete lack or absence of something, typically in a negative context. It can mean 'not at all', 'completely (not)', or 'utterly (not)'. For example: I don't understand at all 「さっぱりわからない」 (さっぱりわからない). There is no hope at all 「さっぱり希望がない」 (さっぱりきぼうがない). Additionally, 'さっぱり' can also describe a feeling of refreshment or cleanliness, as in 'feeling refreshed after a bath'. However, this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4785

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'カラス (からす)' refers to a crow, a type of bird commonly found in Japan. Crows are often associated with intelligence and adaptability but can also be seen as symbols of bad omens or mischief in folklore. Example sentences: The crow is flying「カラスが飛んでいる」(からすがとんでいる). A crow is perched on the tree「カラスが木に止まっている」(からすがきにとまっている). In urban areas, crows are known for rummaging through garbage, which sometimes causes problems for residents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4786

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Comment

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コメント (こめんと)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'comment'. It is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to refer to remarks, opinions, or feedback shared about a topic, post, or situation. For example: Please leave a comment「コメントを残してください」(こめんとをのこしてください). His comment was very helpful「彼のコメントはとても役に立ちました」(かれのこめんとはとてもやくにたちました). This word is widely used in social media, blogs, and discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4787

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sisters

Reading

Kanji

姉Older sister 妹Younger sister

Explanation

The Japanese noun '姉妹 (しまい)' refers to 'sisters'. It specifically denotes a pair or group of female siblings. This term is often used in contexts discussing family relationships or to metaphorically describe close relationships between entities, such as sister cities or sister schools. For example: They are sisters「彼女たちは姉妹です」(かのじょたちはしまいです). Our school has a sister school in Japan「私たちの学校は日本に姉妹校があります」(わたしたちのがっこうはにほんにしまいこうがあります). The term can also be used in broader contexts to describe things that are closely related or paired, such as 'sister companies'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4788

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grilled

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '焼き (やき)' means 'grilled' and is commonly used in the names of dishes to indicate that the food has been grilled or broiled. This suffix is often attached to the name of the main ingredient to describe the cooking method. For example: grilled chicken「焼き鳥」(やきとり), grilled fish「焼き魚」(やきざかな). It can also be used in other contexts to describe something that has been baked or roasted, such as in '焼き芋 (やきいも)' which means 'roasted sweet potato'. The suffix is versatile and widely used in Japanese cuisine to specify the cooking technique.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4789

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All at once

Reading

Kanji

一One 遍All over, Everywhere

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一遍に (いっぺんに)' means 'all at once' or 'all together'. It is used to describe when something is done completely or all in one single action, without gradual steps. For example: I finished all my homework all at once 「宿題を一遍に終わらせた」 (しゅくだじをいっぺんにおわらせた). He drank all the water all at once 「彼は水を一遍に飲んだ」 (かれはみずをいっぺんにのんだ). This adverb emphasizes the completeness or simultaneity of an action, often implying that there was no delay or partial execution.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4790

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎっしり' describes something being packed or filled tightly, with no gaps or spaces. It is often used to emphasize that something is completely full or densely arranged. For example: The suitcase is tightly packed「スーツケースにぎっしり詰まっている」(スーツケースにぎっしりつまっている). The schedule is packed tight「スケジュールがぎっしり詰まっている」(スケジュールがぎっしりつまっている). This word conveys a sense of fullness and density, often implying that there is no room for anything else.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4791

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deliberation

Reading

Kanji

審Investigate, Judge 議Deliberation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '審議 (しんぎ)' refers to the act of careful consideration or discussion, often in a formal or official context. It is commonly used in settings such as government, committees, or organizations where decisions are made after thorough discussion. For example: The committee is in deliberation「委員会は審議中です」(いいんかい は しんぎちゅう です). The bill is under deliberation「法案は審議中です」(ほうあん は しんぎちゅう です). This term emphasizes the process of weighing options and discussing details before reaching a conclusion.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4792

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surprise

Reading

Kanji

驚Surprise, Surprised

Explanation

The Japanese noun '驚き (おどろき)' means 'surprise'. It refers to the feeling or state of being surprised, often due to something unexpected or astonishing. This word is commonly used to describe reactions to events, news, or discoveries. For example: His reaction was a surprise「彼の反応は驚きだった」(かれのはんのうはおどろきだった). The magician's trick caused great surprise「マジシャンの手品は大きな驚きを引き起こした」(マジシャンのてじなはおおきなおどろきをひきおこした). The word can also be used in expressions like '驚きの事実 (おどろきのじじつ)' (surprising fact) or '驚きを与える (おどろきをあたえる)' (to give someone a surprise).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4793

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Medical care

Reading

Kanji

診Examine a patient, Diagnose 療Cure, Heal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '診療 (しんりょう)' refers to medical care or treatment provided by a doctor or medical professional. It encompasses the process of diagnosing and treating patients. This term is often used in contexts related to hospitals, clinics, or healthcare services. For example: The hospital provides excellent medical care「その病院は優れた診療を提供します」(そのびょういんはすぐれたしんりょうをていきょうします). The doctor is in charge of medical care「その医師は診療を担当しています」(そのいしはしんりょうをたんとうしています). Note that '診療' is commonly used in formal or professional settings and is distinct from general health-related terms like '治療 (ちりょう)' (treatment) or '診察 (しんさつ)' (medical examination).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4794

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vitamin

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビタミン (bitamin)' means 'vitamin'. This word is a direct loanword from English and is used in the same context as in English, referring to organic compounds that are essential for normal growth and nutrition. It is commonly used in discussions about health, diet, and nutrition. For example: I take vitamins every day「私は毎日ビタミンを摂ります」(わたしはまいにちビタミンをとります). This juice is rich in vitamins「このジュースはビタミンが豊富です」(このジュースはビタミンがほうふです). The word is often seen in health-related contexts, such as on food packaging or in medical discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

4795

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Less

Reading

Kanji

未Not yet 満Full

Explanation

The Japanese noun '未満 (みまん)' means 'less than' or 'under'. It is used to indicate that something does not meet a certain threshold or standard. For example: children under 12 years old「12歳未満の子供」(12さいみまんのこども). The temperature is below freezing「氷点未満の気温」(ひょうてんみまんのきおん). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as legal documents, rules, or specifications. It is important to note that '未満' is used exclusively for quantities or measurements that are strictly below the stated value, not equal to it.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4796

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ueno

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ウエノ (ueno)' refers to a common surname or a place name in Japan. As a surname, it is written as 上野 and can be found among Japanese families. As a place name, it often refers to Ueno, a district in Tokyo known for its cultural and historical significance, including Ueno Park, Ueno Zoo, and several museums. Example sentences: Mr. Ueno is my teacher「ウエノさんは私の先生です」(うえのさんはわたしのせんせいです). Let's meet at Ueno Station「ウエノ駅で会いましょう」(うえのえきであいましょう).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

4797

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hawaii

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'ハワイ' refers to the U.S. state of Hawaii. It is commonly used in contexts related to travel, geography, or culture. For example: I want to go to Hawaii「ハワイに行きたいです」(はわいにいきたいです). Hawaii is famous for its beaches「ハワイはビーチで有名です」(はわいはびーちでゆうめいです). The word is written in katakana, as it is a foreign loanword, and it is pronounced 'hawai'.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

4798

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Weaken

Reading

Kanji

衰Decline, Wane

Explanation

The Japanese verb '衰える (おとろえる)' means 'to weaken' or 'to decline'. It is used to describe a decrease in strength, power, or intensity. This verb can be applied to physical strength, health, energy, or even abstract concepts like enthusiasm or influence. For example: his health is weakening「彼の健康は衰えている」(かれのけんこうはおとろえている). The company's influence is declining「その会社の影響力は衰えている」(そのかいしゃのえいきょうりょくはおとろえている). It is important to note that '衰える' often implies a gradual or continuous decline rather than a sudden loss.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4799

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regret

Reading

Kanji

惜Regret, Frugal

Explanation

The Japanese verb '惜しむ (おしむ)' primarily means 'to regret' or 'to feel sorrow over the loss or absence of something'. It conveys a sense of valuing something highly and feeling a deep sense of loss or reluctance to part with it. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as regretting the loss of time, opportunities, or even the passing of a loved one. For example: I regret wasting time「時間を惜しむ」(じかんをおしむ). He regretted the loss of his friend「彼は友人の死を惜しんだ」(かれはゆうじんのしをおしんだ). Additionally, '惜しむ' can also imply a sense of sparing or being reluctant to use something valuable, as in sparing no effort「努力を惜しまない」(どりょくをおしまない).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4800

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting