言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Prosecutor

Reading

Kanji

検Examine 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '検事 (けんじ)' refers to a 'prosecutor', a legal professional who represents the state in criminal cases. In Japan, prosecutors are responsible for investigating crimes, deciding whether to prosecute, and presenting cases in court. They play a crucial role in the judicial system. Example sentences: The prosecutor is very skilled「その検事はとても優秀です」(そのけんじはとてもゆうしゅうです). The prosecutor presented strong evidence「検事は強力な証拠を提示した」(けんじはきょうりょくなしょうこをていじした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6401

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Total

Reading

Kanji

総General, Total 額Amount, Forehead

Explanation

The Japanese noun '総額 (そうがく)' means 'total' and refers to the complete sum or aggregate amount of something, often used in financial or quantitative contexts. It is commonly used when discussing budgets, costs, or overall amounts. For example: The total cost is 10,000 yen「総額は1万円です」(そうがくはいちまんえんです). The total amount of the project is high「プロジェクトの総額は高いです」(ぷろじぇくとのそうがくはたかいです). This word is typically used in formal or business settings to emphasize the entirety of a sum.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6402

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ash

Reading

Kanji

灰Ashes

Explanation

The Japanese noun '灰 (はい)' means 'ash'. This word refers to the powdery residue left after something has been burned, such as wood, paper, or other materials. It is commonly used in contexts related to fire, cremation, or cleaning up after burning something. For example: The ash fell from the cigarette「灰がタバコから落ちた」(はいがタバコからおちた). She cleaned the ash from the fireplace「彼女は暖炉の灰を掃除した」(かのじょはだんろのはいをそうじした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that has been reduced to nothing, as in 'all turned to ash'「すべて灰になった」(すべてはいになった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6403

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Translate

Reading

Kanji

訳Reason, Translation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '訳す (やくす)' means 'to translate'. It is used when converting text or speech from one language to another. This verb is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts. For example: I will translate this book「この本を訳します」(このほんをやくします). She translates Japanese into English「彼女は日本語を英語に訳す」(かのじょはにほんごをえいごにやくす). Note that '訳す' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being translated, as in '日本語を訳す (にほんごをやくす) (translate Japanese)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6404

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Supplies

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物資 (ぶっし)' refers to 'supplies' or 'materials', typically in the context of goods or resources needed for a specific purpose, such as disaster relief, military operations, or daily necessities. It is often used in formal or logistical contexts. For example: The government sent relief supplies「政府は救援物資を送った」(せいふはきゅうえんぶっしをおくった). We need to secure medical supplies「医療物資を確保する必要がある」(いりょうぶっしをかくほするひつようがある). The term emphasizes the tangible nature of the items being referred to.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6405

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wrongdoing

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 不Not

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不正 (ふせい)' refers to 'wrongdoing' or 'unjust' behavior. It is often used to describe actions that are dishonest, illegal, or unethical. This term is commonly used in contexts such as fraud, corruption, or any form of misconduct. For example: He was involved in wrongdoing「彼は不正に関わっていた」(かれはふせいにかかわっていた). The company was accused of unjust practices「その会社は不正行為で告発された」(そのかいしゃはふせいこういでこくはつされた). The word can also be used to describe something that is incorrect or improper, such as '不正な方法 (ふせいなほうほう)' (improper method).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6406

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Well

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese interjection 'まあ (まあ)' is a versatile word often used to express hesitation, surprise, or to soften a statement. It can be translated as 'well' or 'oh' in English, depending on the context. For example, when someone is surprised: Well, that’s unexpected!「まあ、それは意外だ！」(まあ、それはいがいだ！). It can also be used to calm someone down or to suggest taking things slowly: Well, let’s not rush「まあ、急がないで」(まあ、いそがないで). The tone and context in which 'まあ' is used can significantly affect its meaning, making it a nuanced and flexible expression in Japanese conversation.

Part Of Speech

interjection

Frequency

6407

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Always

Reading

Kanji

常Usual, Normal

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '常に (つねに)' means 'always'. It is used to indicate that something happens all the time, without exception, or is continuously true. This adverb is often used in formal or written contexts, but can also appear in spoken language. For example: He is always busy「彼は常に忙しい」(かれはつねにいそがしい). We must always strive for improvement「私たちは常に向上を目指さなければならない」(わたしたちはつねにこうじょうをめざさなければならない). Note that '常に' emphasizes a continuous state or action, and is more formal than other similar adverbs like 'いつも'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6408

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Kanji

意Idea 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '意向 (いこう)' refers to someone's intention, inclination, or the direction of their thoughts or plans. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss decisions, preferences, or future plans. For example: The company's intention is clear「会社の意向は明確です」(かいしゃのいこうはめいかくです). We need to consider their intentions「彼らの意向を考慮する必要があります」(かれらのいこうをこうりょするひつようがあります). This word is commonly used when discussing decisions or plans that involve multiple parties, emphasizing the importance of understanding others' intentions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6409

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bell

Reading

Kanji

鐘Bell

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鐘 (かね)' refers to a 'bell', typically a large bell used in temples or churches. It is often associated with religious or ceremonial contexts, such as ringing a bell to mark time or during rituals. For example: the temple bell rings「お寺の鐘が鳴る」(おてらのかねがなる). The sound of the bell is beautiful「鐘の音が美しい」(かねのおとがうつくしい). This word can also be used metaphorically to signify something that resonates deeply, like a bell's sound.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6410

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second son

Reading

Kanji

男Man 次Next

Explanation

The Japanese noun '次男 (じなん)' refers to the 'second son' in a family. It is used to specify the birth order of sons, with '次男' being the second male child. This term is often used in formal or familial contexts to describe family structure or inheritance. For example: His second son is a doctor「彼の次男は医者です」(かれのじなんはいしゃです). The second son inherited the family business「次男が家業を継ぎました」(じなんがかぎょうをつぎました). Note that '次男' is distinct from '長男 (ちょうなん)', which refers to the eldest son.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6411

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Premonition

Reading

Kanji

予Beforehand 感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '予感 (よかん)' means 'premonition'. It refers to a feeling or intuition that something is about to happen, often without any concrete evidence. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone senses an upcoming event, whether positive or negative. For example: I had a premonition that something bad would happen「何か悪いことが起こる予感がした」(なにかわるいことがおこるよかんがした). She felt a premonition of good news「彼女は良い知らせの予感を感じた」(かのじょはよいしらせのよかんをかんじた). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as sensing a change in the atmosphere or mood.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6412

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Survive

Reading

Kanji

残Remainder 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生き残る (いきのこる)' means 'to survive'. It is used to describe the act of remaining alive or continuing to exist after a difficult or dangerous situation. This verb often implies overcoming challenges or enduring hardships. For example: He survived the accident「彼は事故を生き残った」(かれはじこをいきのこった). Only a few species survived the ice age「わずかな種だけが氷河期を生き残った」(わずかなしゅだけがひょうがきをいきのこった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe enduring in a competitive environment, such as in business or sports.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6413

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recognition

Reading

Kanji

識Knowledge, Discernment 認Recognize, Admit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '認識 (にんしき)' means 'recognition' or 'awareness'. It refers to the act of recognizing or becoming aware of something, often used in contexts involving understanding, perception, or acknowledgment. For example: recognition of the problem「問題の認識」(もんだいのにんしき). He has no awareness of his mistakes「彼は自分の間違いを認識していない」(かれはじぶんのまちがいをにんしきしていない). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to describe cognitive processes or realizations.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6414

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unconsciously

Reading

Kanji

識Knowledge, Discernment 意Idea 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '無意識 (むいしき)' means 'unconsciously'. It refers to actions or behaviors performed without conscious thought or awareness. This term is often used in psychological contexts or to describe habitual actions. For example: He unconsciously tapped his fingers on the table「彼は無意識にテーブルを指でトントンと叩いていた」(かれはむいしきにテーブルをゆびでとんとんとたたいていた). She unconsciously smiled when she saw the photo「彼女はその写真を見て無意識に笑った」(かのじょはそのしゃしんをみてむいしきにわらった). The term can also be used in broader contexts to describe subconscious processes or states.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6415

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Blame, Criticism

Reading

Kanji

難Difficult 非Mistake, Negative

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '非難 (ひなん)' primarily means 'criticism' or 'blame'. It refers to the act of expressing disapproval or holding someone accountable for their actions. This word is often used in contexts where someone is being criticized for wrongdoing or mistakes. For example: The politician faced severe criticism「その政治家は激しい非難にさらされた」(そのせいじかははげしいひなんにさらされた). She blamed him for the failure「彼女は失敗を彼の非難にした」(かのじょはしっぱいをかれのひなんにした). Note that '非難' can carry a strong connotation, implying a serious accusation or condemnation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6416

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unreasonable

Reading

Kanji

識Knowledge, Discernment 常Usual, Normal 非Mistake, Negative

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '非常識 (ひじょうしき)' means 'unreasonable' or 'lacking common sense'. It is used to describe actions, behaviors, or ideas that are considered illogical, inappropriate, or contrary to societal norms. This term often carries a negative connotation and is used to criticize someone's behavior or judgment. For example: His behavior is unreasonable「彼の行動は非常識だ」(かれのこうどうはひじょうしきだ). It's very unreasonable to be late without notice「連絡なしに遅れるのは非常識だ」(れんらくなしにおくれるのはひじょうしきだ). The word can also be used in a more general sense to describe situations or systems that defy logic or common sense.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6417

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shame

Reading

Kanji

恥Ashamed, Shame

Explanation

The Japanese noun '恥 (はじ)' means 'shame'. It refers to the painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behavior. This concept is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, where maintaining honor and avoiding shame are highly valued. For example: He felt shame for his actions「彼は自分の行動に恥を感じた」(かれはじぶんのこうどうにはじをかんじた). She couldn't bear the shame「彼女はその恥に耐えられなかった」(かのじょはそのはじにたえられなかった). The word can also be used in expressions like '恥をかく (はじをかく)', which means 'to be embarrassed' or 'to lose face'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6418

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vow

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 願Request, Wish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '本願 (ほんがん)' refers to a 'vow' or 'original vow', particularly in a religious or spiritual context. It is often used in Buddhism to describe the vows made by a Buddha or Bodhisattva to save all sentient beings. For example: Amida Buddha's original vow「阿弥陀仏の本願」(あみだぶつのほんがん). The monk spoke about the importance of the vow「僧侶は本願の重要性について話した」(そうりょはほんがんのじゅうようせいについてはなした). This term carries a deep spiritual significance and is commonly encountered in religious texts and discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6419

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ishikawa

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'イシカワ' refers to 'Ishikawa', which is a common Japanese surname and also the name of a prefecture in Japan. As a surname, it is widely used and can be found in various contexts, such as personal names or business names. As a place name, Ishikawa Prefecture is located in the Hokuriku region of Honshu, Japan's main island, and is known for its cultural heritage, traditional crafts, and natural beauty. Example sentences: Mr. Ishikawa is my teacher「イシカワ先生は私の先生です」(いしかわせんせいはわたしのせんせいです). I visited Ishikawa Prefecture last year「去年、石川県を訪れました」(きょねん、いしかわけんをおとずれました).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

6420

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Milliliter

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'ミリリットル (miririttoru)' is a unit of volume measurement, equivalent to one-thousandth of a liter. It is commonly used in contexts involving liquids, such as cooking, medicine, or science. For example: add 100 milliliters of water「水を100ミリリットル加えてください」(みずを100ミリリットルくわえてください). This medicine requires 5 milliliters per dose「この薬は1回5ミリリットル必要です」(このくすりはいっかい5ミリリットルひつようです). The term is often abbreviated as 'ml' in both Japanese and English contexts.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

6421

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sharpen

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'とがる (togaru)' primarily means 'to sharpen' or 'to become sharp'. It is often used to describe objects that have a pointed or sharpened edge, such as knives or pencils. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe someone's tone or attitude becoming sharp or pointed. For example: The pencil sharpened「鉛筆がとがった」(えんぴつがとがった). His tone sharpened「彼の口調がとがった」(かれのくちょうがとがった). This verb can also imply a sense of tension or alertness, as in 'Her senses sharpened'「彼女の感覚がとがった」(かのじょのかんかくがとがった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6422

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emergency exit

Reading

Kanji

口Mouth 常Usual, Normal 非Mistake, Negative

Explanation

The Japanese noun '非常口 (ひじょうぐち)' means 'emergency exit.' This word is used to refer to the designated exit in buildings, vehicles, or other spaces that is used for evacuation during emergencies such as fires or other hazardous situations. 非常口 is often marked with signs and lighting to ensure visibility even in low-light conditions. Example: Please use the emergency exit in case of fire 「火事の時は非常口を使ってください」 (かじのときはひじょうぐちをつかってください). The emergency exit is on the left side of the building 「非常口は建物の左側にあります」 (ひじょうぐちはたてもののひだりがわにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6423

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Harmony

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 和Peace

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '調和 (ちょうわ)' means 'harmony'. It refers to a state of balance, agreement, or peaceful coexistence between different elements, such as people, ideas, or nature. It is often used in contexts involving relationships, music, art, or societal balance. For example: the harmony of nature「自然の調和」(しぜんのちょうわ). We need to live in harmony with others「他人と調和して生きる必要がある」(たにんとちょうわしていきるひつようがある). This word can also imply a sense of blending or coordination, as in 'color harmony'「色の調和」(いろのちょうわ).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6424

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monotonous

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 単Simple, Single

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '単調 (たんちょう)' means 'monotonous'. It is used to describe something that lacks variety, is repetitive, or is unchanging in tone, pattern, or style. This word is often used to describe routines, sounds, or tasks that become boring due to their repetitive nature. For example: The lecture was monotonous「その講義は単調だった」(そのこうぎはたんちょうだった). The sound of the machine is monotonous「その機械の音は単調だ」(そのきかいのおとはたんちょうだ). It can also describe a flat or unvarying tone in speech or music.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6425

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Family register

Reading

Kanji

戸Door 籍Enroll, Register

Explanation

The Japanese noun '戸籍 (こせき)' refers to the official family register system in Japan. It is a legal document that records vital information about individuals, such as birth, marriage, adoption, and death, and is used to establish family relationships and legal status. The 戸籍 is maintained by local government offices and is essential for various administrative procedures. Example sentences: I need to update my family register「戸籍を更新する必要があります」(こせきをこうしんするひつようがあります). The family register shows my parents' names「戸籍には私の両親の名前が載っています」(こせきにはわたしのりょうしんのなまえがのっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6426

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rebirth

Reading

Kanji

新New 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '新生 (しんせい)' means 'rebirth' or 'new life'. It is often used to describe a fresh start, renewal, or the beginning of something new after a significant change or transformation. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as personal growth, organizational restructuring, or even natural phenomena. For example: The company experienced a rebirth after the merger「その会社は合併後に新生を迎えた」(そのかいしゃはがっぺいごにしんせいをむかえた). The forest showed signs of rebirth after the fire「火事の後、森は新生の兆しを見せた」(かじのあと、もりはしんせいのきざしをみせた). The word carries a positive connotation, emphasizing renewal and hope.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6427

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group (of people)

Reading

Kanji

群Group, Flock

Explanation

The Japanese noun '群れ (むれ)' refers to a 'group' or 'flock' of living beings, typically animals or people, gathered together. It is often used to describe a natural gathering, such as a flock of birds or a herd of animals. For example: a flock of birds「鳥の群れ」(とりのむれ). A group of children playing「遊んでいる子供たちの群れ」(あそんでいるこどもたちのむれ). The word emphasizes the collective nature of the gathering, often implying movement or activity as a unit.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6428

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seasoning

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 味Flavor 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '調味料 (ちょうみりょう)' refers to 'seasoning' or 'condiments' used in cooking to enhance the flavor of food. It encompasses a wide range of items, including salt, pepper, soy sauce, vinegar, and more. For example: I bought some seasoning at the store「店で調味料を買いました」(みせでちょうみりょうをかいました). This dish needs more seasoning「この料理はもっと調味料が必要です」(このりょうりはもっとちょうみりょうがひつようです). The term is commonly used in culinary contexts and is essential for discussing cooking and food preparation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6429

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adjustment

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 整Organize

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '調整 (ちょうせい)' means 'adjustment'. It refers to the act of making small changes to something in order to achieve the desired result or to make it function correctly. This term is commonly used in various contexts, such as adjusting settings on a device, fine-tuning plans, or balancing different elements. For example: I need to adjust the schedule「スケジュールを調整する必要がある」(スケジュールをちょうせいするひつようがある). Please adjust the volume「音量を調整してください」(おんりょうをちょうせいしてください). The term can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as adjusting one's attitude or approach to a situation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6430

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bucket

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バケツ (ばけつ)' means 'bucket'. It refers to a container, typically cylindrical and made of metal or plastic, used for carrying liquids or other materials. This word is commonly used in everyday situations, such as cleaning or gardening. For example: Please fill the bucket with water「バケツに水を入れてください」(ばけつにみずをいれてください). The bucket is full of sand「バケツは砂でいっぱいです」(ばけつはすなでいっぱいです). The word 'バケツ' is often used in casual contexts and is easily recognizable in daily life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6431

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Persistent

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'しつこい' (shitsukoi) primarily means 'persistent' or 'tenacious'. It can describe someone who is overly insistent or doesn't give up easily, often to the point of being annoying. It can also refer to flavors that are strong and lingering, such as rich or heavy foods. For example: He is persistent in asking questions「彼は質問をするのがしつこい」(かれはしつもんをするのがしつこい). This sauce has a strong, lingering flavor「このソースはしつこい味がする」(このソースはしつこいあじがする). The word can carry a slightly negative connotation when referring to behavior, implying that the persistence is excessive or unwelcome.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

6432

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resentment

Reading

Kanji

恨Grudge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '恨み (うらみ)' means 'resentment'. It refers to a deep-seated feeling of bitterness or anger towards someone due to a perceived wrong or injustice. This word is often used in contexts involving personal grievances or long-held grudges. For example: she felt resentment towards her friend「彼女は友達に恨みを抱いていた」(かのじょはともだちにうらみをいだいていた). His resentment grew over time「彼の恨みは時間とともに強くなった」(かれのうらみはじかんとともにつよくなった). The term can also be used in literary or dramatic contexts to describe intense emotional conflicts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6433

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sensibility

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感性 (かんせい)' refers to 'sensibility' or the capacity to perceive and respond to emotions, aesthetics, and subtle nuances. It is often used to describe someone's sensitivity to art, beauty, or emotional experiences. For example: Her sensibility is remarkable「彼女の感性は素晴らしい」(かのじょのかんせいはすばらしい). This painting appeals to my sensibility「この絵は私の感性に訴える」(このえはわたしのかんせいにうったえる). The term is commonly used in contexts related to art, design, and personal expression, emphasizing an individual's unique perception and emotional depth.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6434

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lineage, System

Reading

Kanji

系Lineage 統Unite

Explanation

The Japanese noun '系統 (けいとう)' can mean 'system' or 'lineage'. When referring to 'system', it is often used in contexts like transportation systems, classification systems, or organizational structures. For example: This train belongs to the Tokyo subway system「この電車は東京の地下鉄系統です」(このでんしゃはとうきょうのちかてつけいとうです). When referring to 'lineage', it is used to describe family lines, biological classifications, or historical origins. For example: This dog has a pure lineage「この犬は純粋な系統です」(このいぬはじゅんすいなけいとうです). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so understanding the surrounding text is crucial for accurate interpretation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6435

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sea

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'シー (shii)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'sea'. It is commonly used in modern Japanese, especially in contexts related to the ocean or marine environments. For example: The sea is beautiful today「今日のシーはきれいだ」(きょうのシーはきれいだ). Let's go to the sea「シーに行こう」(シーにいこう). Note that while '海 (うみ)' is the native Japanese word for 'sea', 'シー' is often used in more casual or trendy contexts, such as in brand names or advertisements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6436

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stock

Reading

Kanji

出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出し (だし)' refers to a type of soup stock commonly used in Japanese cuisine. It is typically made from ingredients like kombu (kelp), katsuobushi (dried bonito flakes), niboshi (dried sardines), or shiitake mushrooms. Dashi forms the base for many Japanese dishes, such as miso soup, noodle soups, and simmered dishes. For example: I made miso soup with dashi「出しで味噌汁を作りました」(だしでみそしるをつくりました). This dashi is very flavorful「この出しはとても風味があります」(このだしはとてもふうみがあります). Dashi is essential for achieving the umami flavor characteristic of Japanese cooking.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6437

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Book

Reading

Kanji

著Renowned, Author 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '著書 (ちょしょ)' refers to a book or written work, particularly one that has been authored by someone. It is often used to describe a published work, such as a novel, essay collection, or academic text. This term emphasizes the authorship aspect, as it is derived from the kanji 著 (author) and 書 (writing). For example: His latest book is very popular「彼の最新の著書はとても人気です」(かれのさいしんのちょしょはとてもにんきです). I read her book last year「私は去年彼女の著書を読みました」(わたしはきょねんかのじょのちょしょをよみました). Note that this word is more formal and is typically used in written or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6438

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Actor

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle 俳Actor, Haiku

Explanation

The Japanese noun '俳優 (はいゆう)' means 'actor'. It refers to a person who performs in plays, movies, or television shows. This word is gender-neutral and can be used for both male and female actors. For example: he is a famous actor「彼は有名な俳優です」(かれはゆうめいなはいゆうです). She wants to become an actor「彼女は俳優になりたい」(かのじょははいゆうになりたい). The term is commonly used in formal contexts and is distinct from '役者 (やくしゃ)', which can also mean 'actor' but often carries a more traditional or theatrical nuance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6439

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Echo, Resonance

Reading

Kanji

響Echo, Reverberate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '響き (ひびき)' primarily refers to the concept of 'echo' or 'resonance'. It describes the sound that reverberates or lingers after the original sound has been made. This word can also metaphorically describe the impact or influence of something, such as an event or idea, that continues to affect people or situations. For example: The echo of the bell was beautiful「鐘の響きが美しかった」(かねのひびきがうつくしかった). Her words had a deep resonance「彼女の言葉は深い響きがあった」(かのじょのことばはふかいひびきがあった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6440

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bench

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ベンチ (benchi)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'bench'. It refers to a long seat for multiple people, typically found in parks, gardens, or public spaces. It can also refer to a bench in sports, such as the area where players sit when not actively participating in a game. Example sentences: Let's sit on the bench「ベンチに座りましょう」(ベンチにすわりましょう). The players are sitting on the bench「選手たちはベンチに座っています」(せんしゅたちはベンチにすわっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6441

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese suffix 'めく (meku)' is used to indicate that something resembles or takes on the characteristics of a certain quality or state. It is often attached to nouns or adjectives to create a verb-like expression. For example: it seems like spring「春めく」(はるめく). The sky looks like it's going to rain「雨めく空」(あめめくそら). This suffix is commonly used in literary or poetic contexts to evoke a sense of something transitioning or taking on a particular atmosphere.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Frequency

6442

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Match, Come true

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かなう (kanau)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to come true' or 'to be realized', often used in the context of wishes, dreams, or hopes. For example: my dream came true「私の夢がかなった」(わたしのゆめがかなった). The second meaning is 'to match' or 'to meet', used when something aligns with expectations, conditions, or standards. For example: this product matches my needs「この製品は私のニーズにかなう」(このせいひんはわたしのニーズにかなう). The verb can also imply suitability or compatibility in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

6443

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Adjustment

Reading

Kanji

調Investigate, Tune 節Season, Node

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '調節 (ちょうせつ)' means 'adjustment'. It refers to the act of regulating, controlling, or fine-tuning something to achieve a desired state or condition. This word is commonly used in contexts involving mechanical devices, environmental conditions, or personal habits. For example: I adjusted the temperature「温度を調節した」(おんどをちょうせつした). He adjusted the volume of the music「彼は音楽の音量を調節した」(かれはおんがくのおんりょうをちょうせつした). It can also be used metaphorically, such as adjusting one's schedule or lifestyle.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6444

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Submission

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 提Present, Submit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '提出 (ていしゅつ)' means 'submission'. It refers to the act of handing in or presenting something, such as documents, reports, or assignments, to an authority, organization, or person. It is commonly used in academic, professional, and bureaucratic contexts. For example: Please submit the report by tomorrow「レポートを明日までに提出してください」(レポートをあしたまでにていしゅつしてください). He submitted his resignation「彼は辞表を提出した」(かれはじひょうをていしゅつした). The word often implies a formal or required action, and it is frequently paired with verbs like 'する' (to do) or 'ください' (please do).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6445

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Answer, Test paper

Reading

Kanji

答Answer 案Plan, Proposal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '答案 (とうあん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to an 'answer' or 'solution' to a problem, often in an academic or test context. The second meaning refers to a 'test paper' or 'exam sheet' itself, which includes the questions and the space for answers. For example: Please submit your answer sheet「答案を提出してください」(とうあんをていしゅつしてください). The teacher checked the answers on the test paper「先生は答案の答えを確認した」(せんせいはとうあんのこたえをかくにんした). The word is commonly used in educational settings and is important for understanding academic contexts in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6446

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Voting

Reading

Kanji

投Throw 票Vote, Ballot

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '投票 (とうひょう)' means 'voting'. It refers to the act of casting a vote, typically in an election or decision-making process. This word is commonly used in contexts related to elections, referendums, or any situation where a formal decision is made through votes. For example: I will participate in the voting「私は投票に参加します」(わたしはとうひょうにさんかします). The voting results were announced「投票結果が発表された」(とうひょうけっかがはっぴょうされた). It is important to note that '投票' is often used in formal or official contexts and is a key term in discussions about democracy and governance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6447

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consecutive days

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連日 (れんじつ)' refers to a period of consecutive days, often implying that something has been happening repeatedly or continuously over those days. It is commonly used to describe events, activities, or conditions that persist without interruption. For example: The heatwave continued for consecutive days「連日猛暑が続いた」(れんじつもうしょがつづいた). The team worked hard for consecutive days「連日チームは頑張った」(れんじつチームはがんばった). This word emphasizes the continuity and repetition of an event or situation over a span of days.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6448

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Holiday

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連休 (れんきゅう)' refers to a 'consecutive holiday' or a 'long weekend'. It is commonly used to describe a series of days off work or school that are connected, such as national holidays or vacation periods. For example: I enjoyed the long holiday「連休を楽しんだ」(れんきゅうをたのしんだ). The next consecutive holiday is in May「次の連休は5月です」(つぎのれんきゅうはごがつです). This term is often used in contexts related to travel, relaxation, or planning events during extended breaks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6449

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Function

Reading

Kanji

数Number 関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese noun '関数 (かんすう)' means 'function'. In mathematics and programming, it refers to a relation or expression involving one or more variables. For example: this function calculates the area「この関数は面積を計算する」(このかんすうはめんせきをけいさんする). The function returns a value「関数は値を返す」(かんすうはあたいをかえす). It is commonly used in technical contexts, particularly in mathematics, computer science, and engineering.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6450

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Security

Reading

Kanji

警Warn 備Equip, Provide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '警備 (けいび)' refers to 'security' or 'guarding'. It is commonly used to describe the act of protecting or guarding a place, event, or person. This term is often associated with professional security services, such as those employed at events, buildings, or public spaces. For example: The security at the event was tight「イベントの警備は厳しかった」(イベントのけいびはきびしかった). We need to increase security for the building「建物の警備を強化する必要がある」(たてもののけいびをきょうかするひつようがある). The word can also imply vigilance and preparedness to prevent potential threats or disturbances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6451

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Residence

Reading

Kanji

住Live 在Be, Exist

Explanation

The Japanese noun '在住 (ざいじゅう)' refers to the state or condition of residing or living in a particular place. It is often used to indicate someone's current place of residence, especially when specifying a location different from their origin. For example: She resides in Tokyo「彼女は東京在住です」(かのじょはとうきょうざいじゅうです). Many foreigners reside in Japan「多くの外国人が日本在住です」(おおくのがいこくじんがにほんざいじゅうです). This term is commonly used in formal or descriptive contexts to specify where someone lives.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6452

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sun

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サン (san)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'sun'. It is commonly used in modern Japanese to refer to the sun, often in scientific or casual contexts. For example: The sun is bright today「今日のサンは明るい」(きょうのサンはあかるい). The sun rises in the east「サンは東から昇る」(サンはひがしからのぼる). While '太陽 (たいよう)' is the more traditional and formal term for the sun, 'サン' is frequently used in everyday conversation, especially among younger speakers or in contexts influenced by Western culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6453

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receiver

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受話 (じゅわ)' refers to the 'receiver' of a telephone. It specifically denotes the part of the phone that you hold to your ear to listen during a call. This term is often used in technical or formal contexts. Example sentences: Please pick up the receiver「受話器を取ってください」(じゅわきをとってください). The receiver is broken「受話器が壊れています」(じゅわきがこわれています). Note that '受話器 (じゅわき)' is a more common term for 'telephone receiver,' but '受話' alone can still be understood in context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6454

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mongolia

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun 'モンゴル (mongoru)' refers to the country of Mongolia. It is used to denote the nation located in East Asia, known for its vast steppes and nomadic culture. Example sentences include: I want to visit Mongolia「モンゴルに行きたいです」(モンゴルにいきたいです). Mongolia is famous for its beautiful landscapes「モンゴルは美しい景色で有名です」(モンゴルはうつくしいけしきでゆうめいです).

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Frequency

6455

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Light

Reading

Kanji

灯Light, Lamp

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '灯 (とう)' means 'light' and is often used in compound words related to lighting or illumination. It is derived from the kanji 灯, which represents a lamp or light source. This suffix is commonly found in words like '街灯 (がいとう)' (streetlight) or '信号灯 (しんごうとう)' (traffic light). For example: The streetlight is bright「街灯が明るい」(がいとうがあかるい). The traffic light turned red「信号灯が赤になった」(しんごうとうがあかになった). Note that 灯 is rarely used as a standalone word and typically appears as part of compound nouns.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6456

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Retreat

Reading

Kanji

退Retreat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '退く (しりぞく)' means 'to retreat' or 'to withdraw'. It is used to describe the action of moving back or away from a place, situation, or confrontation. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The soldiers retreated from the battlefield「兵士たちは戦場から退いた」(へいしたちはせんじょうからしりぞいた). He withdrew from the argument to avoid further conflict「彼はさらなる衝突を避けるために議論から退いた」(かれはさらなるしょうとつをさけるためにぎろんからしりぞいた). The verb can also imply stepping down from a position or role, as in 'He stepped down from his position as manager'「彼はマネージャーの立場から退いた」(かれはマネージャーのたちばからしりぞいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6457

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face

Reading

Kanji

臨Face, Confront

Explanation

The Japanese verb '臨む (のぞむ)' primarily means 'to face' or 'to confront'. It is used to describe situations where one is directly facing or dealing with something, such as a challenge, an event, or a situation. It can also imply being present at or attending an important event. For example: He faced the challenge bravely「彼はその挑戦に臨んだ」(かれはそのちょうせんにのぞんだ). We will attend the meeting「私たちはその会議に臨む」(わたしたちはそのかいぎにのぞむ). The verb can also carry a nuance of approaching something with a certain attitude or mindset, such as facing a situation with determination or seriousness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6458

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Companion

Reading

Kanji

連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese noun '連れ (つれ)' refers to a companion or someone who accompanies another person. It is often used to describe someone you are with, such as a friend, family member, or partner, in a specific context or situation. For example: She came with her companion「彼女は連れと来た」(かのじょはつれときた). I went to the park with my companion「私は連れと公園に行った」(わたしはつれとこうえんにいった). The word can also imply a sense of togetherness or shared experience. It is commonly used in casual and formal settings alike.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6459

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contact

Reading

Kanji

絡Entwine, Interlink 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '連絡 (れんらく)' means 'contact' or 'communication'. It refers to the act of getting in touch with someone or conveying information. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts, such as in business settings or daily life. For example: Please contact me「連絡してください」(れんらくしてください). I will contact you later「後で連絡します」(あとでれんらくします). It can also refer to the coordination or connection between people or groups, as in 'We need to stay in contact with the team'「チームと連絡を取り合う必要があります」(チームとれんらくをとりあうひつようがあります).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6460

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continuation

Reading

Kanji

続Continue 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '連続 (れんぞく)' means 'continuation' or 'succession'. It refers to a series of events or actions that occur one after another without interruption. This term is often used in contexts where there is a sequence or chain of occurrences, such as in television series, events, or natural phenomena. For example: The TV drama has a continuous broadcast「そのテレビドラマは連続放送です」(そのテレビドラマはれんぞくほうそうです). There was a continuous series of earthquakes「連続して地震が起こりました」(れんぞくしてじしんがおこりました). It can also be used to describe a continuous state or condition, emphasizing the unbroken nature of the sequence.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6461

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

If

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'もしも (もしも)' is used to express a hypothetical or uncertain condition, similar to the English word 'if'. It is often used in conjunction with conditional forms of verbs to express possibilities or hypothetical scenarios. For example: If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home「もしも明日雨が降ったら、家にいます」(もしもあしたあめがふったら、いえにいます). If I were rich, I would travel the world「もしもお金持ちだったら、世界を旅します」(もしもおかねもちだったら、せかいをたびします). The word 'もしも' can also be used to emphasize uncertainty or to introduce a hypothetical situation that is unlikely to happen.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6462

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continuously, One after another

Reading

Kanji

続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '続々 (ぞくぞく)' is used to describe something happening in a continuous or uninterrupted manner, or things occurring one after another in quick succession. It often conveys a sense of steady flow or progression. For example: people are arriving one after another「人が続々と到着している」(ひとがぞくぞくととうちゃくしている). New products are being released continuously「新製品が続々と発売されている」(しんせいひんがぞくぞくとはつばいされている). This adverb is commonly used in contexts where there is a steady or rapid influx of people, items, or events.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6463

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lasting

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader 続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '長続き (ながつづき)' refers to something that continues or endures for a long time. It is often used to describe relationships, habits, or situations that persist over an extended period. For example: Their relationship lasted a long time「彼らの関係は長続きした」(かれらのかんけいはながつづきした). This diet plan is hard to maintain「このダイエットプランは長続きしにくい」(このダイエットプランはながつづきしにくい). The term emphasizes the idea of continuity and sustainability, often implying a positive connotation when something remains stable or effective over time.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6464

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Considerable, Equivalent

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '相当 (そうとう)' can mean 'equivalent' or 'considerable'. When used to mean 'equivalent', it refers to something that is equal in value, amount, or meaning. For example: This amount is equivalent to one month's salary「この金額は一ヶ月分の給料に相当する」(このきんがくはいっかげつぶんのきゅうりょうにそうとうする). When used to mean 'considerable', it refers to something that is significant or substantial in degree or amount. For example: He has considerable experience in this field「彼はこの分野で相当な経験を持っている」(かれはこのぶんやでそうとうなけいけんをもっている). The word can also be used as a na-adjective, as in '相当な (そうとうな)', to describe something as considerable or substantial.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6465

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daring, Bold

Reading

Kanji

大Big 胆Gallbladder, Guts

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '大胆 (だいたん)' primarily means 'bold' or 'daring'. It is used to describe actions, plans, or personalities that are fearless, adventurous, or unconventional. This term often carries a positive connotation, suggesting courage and a willingness to take risks. For example: His bold plan succeeded「彼の大胆な計画は成功した」(かれのだいたんなけいかくはせいこうした). She is known for her daring fashion sense「彼女は大胆なファッションセンスで知られている」(かのじょはだいたんなファッションセンスでしられている). Note that '大胆' can also imply a certain level of audacity or recklessness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6466

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Living room

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 居Reside, Be

Explanation

The Japanese noun '居間 (いま)' refers to a 'living room', which is a common area in a house where people gather to relax or spend time together. This word is often used in the context of home life and interior design. For example: The living room is spacious「居間は広いです」(いまはひろいです). We watched TV in the living room「私たちは居間でテレビを見ました」(わたしたちはいまでテレビをみました). Note that '居間' is a more traditional term, and in modern Japanese, 'リビング (りびんぐ)' is also commonly used to refer to a living room.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6467

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Steam train

Reading

Kanji

車Car 汽Steam

Explanation

The Japanese noun '汽車 (きしゃ)' refers to a 'steam train'. This word is often used to describe old-fashioned trains powered by steam engines, which were common in Japan during the early to mid-20th century. It evokes a sense of nostalgia and is frequently used in literature, songs, and historical contexts. For example: The steam train is coming「汽車が来る」(きしゃがくる). I saw a steam train at the museum「博物館で汽車を見た」(はくぶつかんできしゃをみた). Note that while modern trains are referred to as '電車 (でんしゃ)', '汽車' specifically refers to steam-powered trains.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6468

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boundary

Reading

Kanji

境Boundary, Border

Explanation

The Japanese noun '境 (さかい)' refers to a boundary or border, either physical or metaphorical. It can describe the dividing line between two areas, such as countries or properties, or the boundary between different states, conditions, or phases. For example: the boundary between dreams and reality「夢と現実の境」(ゆめとげんじつのさかい). The border between two countries「二つの国の境」(ふたつのくにのさかい). This word is also used in abstract contexts, such as the boundary between life and death「生と死の境」(せいとしのさかい). Note that '境' can also imply a transitional state or a turning point, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6469

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Birth

Reading

Kanji

生Life 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出生 (しゅっしょう)' means 'birth'. It refers to the act or fact of being born, often used in formal or official contexts such as legal documents, medical records, or historical accounts. For example: The birth rate is declining「出生率が低下している」(しゅっしょうりつがていかしている). The date of birth is required「出生日が必要です」(しゅっしょうびがひつようです). This term is more formal than the casual word '誕生 (たんじょう)', which also means 'birth' but is used in broader contexts, including metaphorical ones.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6470

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, Who

Reading

Kanji

者Someone 何What

Explanation

The Japanese noun '何者 (なにもの)' is used to inquire about someone's identity or nature. It can be translated as 'who' or 'what' depending on the context. This word is often used in questions to ask about the identity of a person or the nature of something. For example: Who are you?「あなたは何者ですか？」(あなたはなにものですか？). What kind of person is he?「彼は何者ですか？」(かれはなにものですか？). It is important to note that '何者' can carry a slightly formal or dramatic tone, and is often used in contexts where the speaker is questioning the true nature or identity of someone or something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6471

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leek

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ネギ (ねぎ)' refers to a type of vegetable commonly known as a 'leek' or 'green onion'. In Japanese cuisine, ネギ is widely used as a garnish or ingredient in dishes such as miso soup, ramen, and hot pots. It has a mild, slightly sweet flavor and is often chopped finely for use. Example sentences: Please add some leek to the soup「スープにネギを加えてください」(スープにねぎをくわえてください). I bought leeks at the market「市場でネギを買いました」(いちばでねぎをかいました). Note that ネギ can sometimes refer to different varieties of green onions or scallions, depending on the region in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6472

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dispute

Reading

Kanji

争Dispute 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '論争 (ろんそう)' refers to a dispute or debate, typically involving a contentious issue where differing opinions are argued. It is used in contexts ranging from academic discussions to public controversies. For example: The dispute over the policy continued「その政策についての論争が続いた」(そのせいさくについてのろんそうがつづいた). There was a heated debate about the new law「新しい法律について激しい論争があった」(あたらしいほうりつについてはげしいろんそうがあった). The term emphasizes the exchange of opposing views and can imply a prolonged or intense discussion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6473

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peak

Reading

Kanji

峰Peak, Summit

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '峰 (ほう)' means 'peak' and is used to refer to the summit or highest point of a mountain. It is often attached to the names of mountains or used in compound words related to mountain peaks. For example: Mount Fuji's peak「富士山の峰」(ふじさんのほう). The peak of the mountain is covered in snow「山の峰は雪で覆われている」(やまのほうはゆきでおおわれている). This suffix is typically used in formal or literary contexts and is less common in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6474

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surface, Emerge

Reading

Kanji

上Up 浮Float

Explanation

The Japanese verb '浮かび上がる (うかびあがる)' can mean 'to surface' or 'to emerge'. It is often used to describe something physically rising to the surface, such as an object in water, or metaphorically to describe something becoming apparent or clear. For example: the truth emerged「真実が浮かび上がった」(しんじつがうかびあがった). The sunken ship surfaced「沈んだ船が浮かび上がった」(しずんだふねがうかびあがった). This verb can also be used to describe emotions or memories coming to the surface, as in 'memories emerged「記憶が浮かび上がった」(きおくがうかびあがった)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6475

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noisy

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'やかましい (yakamashii)' primarily means 'noisy'. It is used to describe situations, places, or sounds that are loud and disruptive. Additionally, 'やかましい' can also imply being strict or fussy about rules or details, though this usage is less common. For example: The construction site is noisy「工事現場はやかましい」(こうじげんばはやかましい). My teacher is very strict about homework「先生は宿題にやかましい」(せんせいはしゅくだいにやかましい). The word can carry a slightly negative connotation, often expressing annoyance or irritation due to the noise or strictness.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

6476

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dialogue

Reading

Kanji

対Against 談Discuss

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '対談 (たいだん)' refers to a formal or structured conversation, typically between two people, often experts or notable figures, discussing a specific topic. It is commonly used in contexts such as interviews, discussions, or public talks. For example: The dialogue between the two authors was insightful「二人の作家の対談は興味深かった」(ふたりのさっかのたいだんはきょうみぶかかった). They held a dialogue about environmental issues「彼らは環境問題について対談した」(かれらはかんきょうもんだいについてたいだんした). The term emphasizes a two-way exchange of ideas rather than a one-sided conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6477

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recording

Reading

Kanji

録Record 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '録画 (ろくが)' refers to the act of recording video or visual content, typically for television, movies, or other media. It is commonly used in contexts involving recording devices, such as DVRs or cameras. For example: I set the recording for the show「番組の録画を設定した」(ばんぐみのろくがをせっていした). The recording failed due to a power outage「停電で録画が失敗した」(ていでんろくががしっぱいした). This term is often used in technical or everyday contexts related to media consumption and storage.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6478

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recording tape

Reading

Kanji

音Sound 録Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '録音テープ (ろくおんテープ)' refers to a 'recording tape', which is a magnetic tape used for recording audio. This term is often used in contexts related to audio recording, such as music production, voice recording, or archival purposes. Example sentences: I bought a new recording tape「新しい録音テープを買いました」(あたらしいろくおんテープをかいました). The recording tape is full「録音テープがいっぱいです」(ろくおんテープがいっぱいです). This term is somewhat old-fashioned, as digital recording methods have largely replaced magnetic tapes in modern usage.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6479

Composition

kanji-hiragana-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance

Reading

Kanji

登Ascend 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '登場 (とうじょう)' primarily means 'appearance' or 'entry onto a stage or scene'. It is commonly used to describe someone or something making an appearance in a particular setting, such as in a play, movie, or event. For example: The hero appeared on stage「ヒーローが登場した」(ヒーローがとうじょうした). A new character appeared in the story「新しいキャラクターが物語に登場した」(あたらしいキャラクターがものがたりにとうじょうした). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the introduction of new ideas, products, or trends into a market or discussion. For instance: A new technology appeared in the market「新しい技術が市場に登場した」(あたらしいぎじゅつがしじょうにとうじょうした).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6480

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Registration

Reading

Kanji

録Record 登Ascend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '登録 (とうろく)' means 'registration'. It refers to the act of officially recording or entering information into a system, list, or database. This term is commonly used in contexts such as signing up for services, registering for events, or enrolling in programs. For example: I completed the registration「登録を完了しました」(とうろくをかんりょうしました). Please register your email address「メールアドレスを登録してください」(メールアドレスをとうろくしてください). The word can also imply formal acknowledgment or certification, as in '登録商標 (とうろくしょうひょう) (registered trademark)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6481

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バット (batto)' refers to a 'bat', specifically the type used in sports like baseball or softball. It is a direct loanword from English, and its usage is primarily in the context of sports. For example: He swung the bat「彼はバットを振った」(かれはバットをふった). I bought a new bat「新しいバットを買った」(あたらしいバットをかった). Note that 'バット' is not used to refer to the animal (bat), which is 'コウモリ (こうもり)' in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6482

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mountain climbing

Reading

Kanji

山Mountain 登Ascend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '登山 (とざん)' refers to the activity of climbing mountains. It is commonly used to describe the act of hiking or climbing mountains as a recreational or sporting activity. For example: I enjoy mountain climbing「私は登山が好きです」(わたしはとざんがすきです). They went mountain climbing last weekend「彼らは先週末に登山に行きました」(かれらはせんしゅうまつにとざんにいきました). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the act of ascending any steep or elevated terrain, not just mountains.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6483

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

School attendance

Reading

Kanji

校School 登Ascend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '登校 (とうこう)' refers to the act of attending school or going to school. It is commonly used in contexts related to students' daily routines, school schedules, or discussions about education. For example: He is late for school attendance「彼は登校に遅れている」(かれはとうこうにおくれている). School attendance is mandatory「登校は義務です」(とうこうはぎむです). This term is often used in formal or educational settings and can be part of phrases like '登校日 (とうこうび)' (school attendance day) or '登校時間 (とうこうじかん)' (school attendance time).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6484

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mountain climbing

Reading

Kanji

山Mountain 登Ascend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '山登り (やまのぼり)' refers to the activity of 'mountain climbing'. It is used to describe the act of ascending mountains, often as a recreational or sporting activity. This term can be used in various contexts, such as discussing hobbies, travel plans, or physical activities. For example: I enjoy mountain climbing「私は山登りが好きです」(わたしはやまのぼりがすきです). They went mountain climbing last weekend「彼らは先週末に山登りに行きました」(かれらはせんしゅうまつにやまのぼりにいきました). It is important to note that '山登り' specifically refers to climbing mountains, not just any type of climbing.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6485

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indifferent

Reading

Kanji

心Heart 関Barrier, Related 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無関心 (むかんしん)' means 'indifferent'. It describes a lack of interest, concern, or care about something. This term is often used to express apathy or disinterest in a particular subject, situation, or person. For example: he is indifferent to politics「彼は政治に無関心だ」(かれはせいじにむかんしんだ). She showed no interest in the matter「彼女はその問題に無関心だった」(かのじょはそのもんだいにむかんしんだった). The word can also imply a deliberate choice to ignore or not engage with something. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6486

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noodles

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'うどん (udon)' refers to a type of thick, chewy wheat flour noodle commonly used in Japanese cuisine. Udon is a staple food in Japan and is often served in a hot broth or chilled with a dipping sauce. It can be paired with various toppings such as tempura, green onions, or fish cakes. Example sentences: I ate udon for lunch「昼ごはんにうどんを食べた」(ひるごはんにうどんをたべた). This udon is delicious「このうどんは美味しい」(このうどんはおいしい). Udon is often enjoyed in different regional styles, such as 'kitsune udon' (with fried tofu) or 'tempura udon' (with tempura).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6487

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bunch

Reading

Kanji

房Tassel, Chamber

Explanation

The Japanese noun '房 (ふさ)' refers to a 'bunch' or 'cluster' of something, typically used for items that grow or hang together, such as grapes, bananas, or hair. It can also describe a tassel or fringe. For example: a bunch of grapes「葡萄の房」(ぶどうのふさ). Her hair is tied in a bunch「彼女の髪は房になっている」(かのじょのかみはふさになっている). The word is often used in contexts involving natural groupings or decorative elements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6488

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hate

Reading

Kanji

憎Hate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '憎む (にくむ)' means 'to hate'. It is used to express strong dislike or hatred towards someone or something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as personal relationships, societal issues, or abstract concepts. For example: I hate that person「あの人を憎む」(あのひとをにくむ). He hates injustice「彼は不正を憎む」(かれはふせいをにくむ). It's important to note that '憎む' conveys a deep and intense feeling of hatred, often stronger than other words like '嫌い (きらい)' which can mean 'dislike'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6489

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unrelated

Reading

Kanji

係Person in charge, Connection 関Barrier, Related 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '無関係 (むかんけい)' means 'unrelated'. It is used to describe something that has no connection or relevance to a particular matter or situation. This term is often used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate that a subject is not involved or pertinent. For example: That topic is unrelated to our discussion「その話題は私たちの議論と無関係です」(そのわだいはわたしたちのぎろんとむかんけいです). He is completely unrelated to the incident「彼はその事件と全く無関係です」(かれはそのじけんとまったくむかんけいです). The term can also be used to describe people, events, or objects that are not connected in any way.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6490

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Instrument

Reading

Kanji

器Vessel 楽Music, Pleasure

Explanation

The Japanese noun '楽器 (がっき)' refers to a musical instrument. This term is used to describe any device created or adapted to make musical sounds. It can be used in various contexts, such as discussing music education, performances, or personal hobbies. For example: I play a musical instrument「私は楽器を演奏します」(わたしはがっきをえんそうします). This store sells many musical instruments「この店は多くの楽器を売っています」(このみせはおおくのがっきをうっています). The word '楽器' is commonly used in both formal and informal settings and is essential vocabulary for anyone interested in music.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6491

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gods

Reading

Kanji

神God

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神々 (かみがみ)' refers to 'gods' in a plural sense, often used to describe multiple deities or divine beings. This term is commonly used in religious, mythological, or spiritual contexts. For example: the gods protect this land「神々がこの土地を守っている」(かみがみがこのとちをまもっている). In ancient stories, the gods descended from the heavens「昔の物語では、神々が天から降りてきた」(むかしのものがたりでは、かみがみがてんからおりてきた). The term emphasizes the plurality of divine entities and is often used in contexts involving mythology or traditional beliefs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6492

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flaw

Reading

Kanji

点Point 欠Lack

Explanation

The Japanese noun '欠点 (けってん)' means 'flaw' or 'defect'. It refers to a shortcoming or imperfection in a person, object, or system. This word is often used in contexts where criticism or improvement is being discussed. For example: His biggest flaw is his impatience「彼の最大の欠点は短気です」(かれのさいだいのけってんはたんきです). This product has a serious flaw「この製品には重大な欠点がある」(このせいひんにはじゅうだいなけってんがある). The word can also be used in a more neutral or self-reflective way, such as when acknowledging one's own weaknesses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6493

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Support

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サポート (sapouto)' means 'support'. It is a loanword derived from English and is commonly used in contexts related to assistance, backing, or help. This term is often used in professional, technical, or emotional contexts. For example: I need your support「あなたのサポートが必要です」(あなたのさぽーとがひつようです). The company provides excellent customer support「その会社は優れたカスタマーサポートを提供します」(そのかいしゃはすぐれたかすたまーさぽーとをていきょうします). Note that 'サポート' is widely understood in modern Japanese and is used similarly to its English counterpart.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

6494

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Genius

Reading

Kanji

天Heaven 才Talent, Age (counter)

Explanation

The Japanese noun '天才 (てんさい)' refers to a person who possesses extraordinary intellectual or creative abilities, often described as a 'genius'. This term is used to highlight exceptional talent or brilliance in a specific field, such as art, science, or music. For example: he is a genius「彼は天才だ」(かれはてんさいだ). That child is a genius「あの子は天才だ」(あのこはてんさいだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something exceptionally well-made or innovative, though this usage is less common. It is important to note that '天才' carries a strong positive connotation and is often used to express admiration or awe.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6495

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Force, Group (of people)

Reading

Kanji

勢Power, Force

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '勢 (せい)' can mean 'force' or 'group', depending on the context. When used to mean 'force', it often refers to the strength, power, or momentum of something, such as in '水勢 (すいせい)' meaning 'water force' or 'current'. When used to mean 'group', it refers to a collective or a faction, such as in '学生勢 (がくせいせい)' meaning 'student group'. Example sentences: The force of the river is strong「川の勢いが強い」(かわのいきおいがつよい). The student group protested「学生勢が抗議した」(がくせいせいがこうぎした).

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6496

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Strengthen

Reading

Kanji

強Strong

Explanation

The Japanese verb '強める (つよめる)' means 'to strengthen' or 'to make stronger'. It is used to describe the act of increasing the intensity, power, or force of something. This verb can be applied to physical strength, emotional resolve, or even abstract concepts like arguments or policies. For example: We need to strengthen our team「私たちはチームを強める必要がある」(わたしたちはチームをつよめるひつようがある). The government is strengthening its policies「政府は政策を強めている」(せいふはせいさくをつよめている). Note that '強める' is often used in contexts where there is a deliberate effort to enhance or reinforce something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6497

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meiji

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese noun '明治 (めいじ)' refers to the Meiji era, a historical period in Japan from 1868 to 1912. This era is significant for marking Japan's rapid modernization and westernization. The term is often used in historical contexts or to describe things related to this period. For example: The Meiji Restoration was a pivotal event「明治維新は重要な出来事だった」(めいじいしんはじゅうようなできごとだった). This building is from the Meiji era「この建物は明治時代のものです」(このたてものはめいじじだいのものです). The word can also be used in names of institutions or products to evoke a sense of tradition or historical significance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6498

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prefectural

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 府Government office, Urban prefecture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '府立 (ふりつ)' refers to something that is established or operated by a prefecture, specifically in the context of institutions like schools, hospitals, or other public facilities. It is often used in the names of such institutions to indicate their affiliation with a prefecture. For example: prefectural high school「府立高校」(ふりつこうこう). prefectural hospital「府立病院」(ふりつびょういん). The term is commonly used in the Kansai region, particularly in Kyoto and Osaka, where '府' refers to the prefectural-level administrative divisions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

6499

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scattered, Disorganized

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ばらばら (ばらばら)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'scattered', which describes things that are spread out or dispersed in different directions. For example: the papers were scattered all over the floor「書類が床にばらばらになっていた」(しょるいがゆかにばらばらになっていた). The second meaning is 'disorganized', which describes something that is in a state of disorder or lacking coherence. For example: the team's plans were disorganized「チームの計画はばらばらだった」(チームのけいかくはばらばらだった). This word is often used to describe physical objects, ideas, or situations that are not unified or orderly.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

6500

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting