言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Germs

Reading

Kanji

菌Fungus, Bacteria

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ばい菌 (ばいきん)' refers to 'germs' or 'bacteria'. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe harmful microorganisms that can cause illness or infection. This word often carries a negative connotation, as it is associated with dirt, sickness, or uncleanliness. For example: wash your hands to avoid germs「ばい菌を避けるために手を洗いなさい」(ばいきんをさけるためにてをあらいなさい). Germs are everywhere「ばい菌はどこにでもいる」(ばいきんはどこにでもいる). The term is frequently used in health-related contexts, such as hygiene or medical discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7201

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unclean, Filthy

Reading

Kanji

潔Immaculate 不Not

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不潔 (ふけつ)' primarily means 'unclean' or 'filthy'. It is used to describe something that is physically dirty, contaminated, or morally impure. This word can be applied to objects, environments, or even behaviors. For example: This place is unclean「この場所は不潔だ」(このばしょはふけつだ). His behavior is filthy「彼の行動は不潔だ」(かれのこうどうはふけつだ). The word can also carry a connotation of disgust or disapproval, making it stronger than simply saying 'dirty'. It is often used in contexts where hygiene or moral cleanliness is being emphasized.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7202

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Editing

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 編Edit, Knit

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '編集 (へんしゅう)' means 'editing'. It refers to the process of revising, correcting, or preparing written, visual, or audio material for publication or presentation. This term is commonly used in contexts such as book editing, video editing, or magazine editing. For example: I am editing a book「本を編集しています」(ほんをへんしゅうしています). She is good at video editing「彼女は動画編集が得意です」(かのじょはどうがへんしゅうがとくいです). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '編集者 (へんしゅうしゃ)' (editor) or '編集作業 (へんしゅうさぎょう)' (editing work).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7203

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expulsion, Banishment

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '追放 (ついほう)' refers to the act of expelling or banishing someone or something. It is often used in contexts where a person is forced to leave a place, group, or organization, or when something is removed or eliminated. For example: The dictator was banished from the country「独裁者は国から追放された」(どくさいしゃはくにからついほうされた). The company expelled the corrupt employee「会社は不正な従業員を追放した」(かいしゃはふせいなじゅうぎょういんをついほうした). This term can also be used metaphorically, such as expelling harmful ideas or practices.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7204

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Radiation

Reading

Kanji

射Shoot 能Ability 放Release

Explanation

The Japanese noun '放射能 (ほうしゃのう)' refers to 'radiation', specifically the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles. This term is often used in scientific, medical, and environmental contexts. For example: the radiation level is high「放射能のレベルが高い」(ほうしゃのうのレベルがたかい). Exposure to radiation is dangerous「放射能への被曝は危険だ」(ほうしゃのうへのひばくはきけんだ). It's important to note that this word is commonly associated with nuclear energy, medical treatments, and discussions about safety and health risks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7205

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Careless

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'ぞんざい (zonzai)' means 'careless' or 'sloppy'. It is used to describe actions, behavior, or speech that is done without proper attention or respect. It often carries a negative connotation, implying a lack of consideration or refinement. For example: His work is careless「彼の仕事はぞんざいだ」(かれのしごとはぞんざいだ). She spoke in a careless manner「彼女はぞんざいな話し方をした」(かのじょはぞんざいなはなしかたをした). The word can also describe something that is rough or crude in nature, such as 'ぞんざいな扱い (zonzai na atsukai)' (rough handling).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

7206

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ignore

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '無視 (むし)' means 'ignore'. It refers to the act of deliberately paying no attention to someone or something. This word is often used in contexts where someone is disregarding rules, signals, or even people. For example: he ignored the red light「彼は赤信号を無視した」(かれはあかしんごうをむしした). She ignored my advice「彼女は私のアドバイスを無視した」(かのじょはわたしのアドバイスをむしした). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as ignoring a problem or issue. Note that '無視' is a noun but can function similarly to a verb when combined with suru (する), as in '無視する' (to ignore).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Furigana

Reading

Kanji

名Name 振Shake, Swing 仮Temporary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '振り仮名 (ふりがな)' refers to small kana characters written above or beside kanji to indicate their pronunciation. Furigana is commonly used in texts for learners, children, or when the kanji is rare or complex. For example: The word '漢字' has furigana「漢字(かんじ)」(かんじ). Furigana helps readers understand the pronunciation of difficult kanji「難しい漢字の読み方を振り仮名が助けてくれる」(むずかしいかんじのよみかたをふりがながたすけてくれる). It is an essential tool in Japanese learning materials and manga.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7208

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wardrobe

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'たんす' refers to a traditional Japanese wardrobe or chest of drawers used for storing clothes and other personal items. It is a common piece of furniture in Japanese households and is often made of wood. Example sentences: I bought a new wardrobe「新しいたんすを買いました」(あたらしいたんすをかいました). The wardrobe is in the bedroom「たんすは寝室にあります」(たんすはしんしつにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7209

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complex, Housing

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 団Group, Association

Explanation

The Japanese noun '団地 (だんち)' refers to a housing complex or residential area, typically consisting of multiple apartment buildings or houses built together. These complexes are often developed by public or private entities and are common in urban and suburban areas. For example: I live in a housing complex「私は団地に住んでいます」(わたしはだんちにすんでいます). The housing complex has a park「その団地には公園があります」(そのだんちにはこうえんがあります). The term can also imply a sense of community or shared facilities within the complex.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7210

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'チェンジ (chenji)' means 'change'. It is a loanword from English and is commonly used in contexts involving switching, altering, or replacing something. This word is often used in sports, technology, and everyday situations. For example: Let's change the plan「プランをチェンジしましょう」(ぷらんをちぇんじしましょう). The player was changed during the game「試合中に選手がチェンジされた」(しあいちゅうにせんしゅがちぇんじされた). It can also refer to changing clothes or shifting gears in a car. Note that 'チェンジ' is typically used in casual or modern contexts, and more formal situations might use native Japanese words like '変更 (へんこう)' instead.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

7211

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Development

Reading

Kanji

展Unfold, Expand 開Open

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '展開 (てんかい)' primarily means 'development' or 'unfolding'. It is used to describe the progression or evolution of events, situations, or ideas. This word is often used in contexts such as storylines, plans, or discussions. For example: The story's development was unexpected「物語の展開は予想外だった」(ものがみのてんかいはよそうがいだった). The plan's development is proceeding smoothly「計画の展開は順調に進んでいる」(けいかくのてんかいはじゅんちょうにすすんでいる). It can also refer to the deployment or spreading out of something, such as troops or resources, though this usage is less common in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7212

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Development

Reading

Kanji

展Unfold, Expand 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発展 (はってん)' primarily means 'development'. It refers to the process of growth, progress, or expansion in various contexts, such as economic, social, or technological development. For example: The city's development is remarkable「その都市の発展は目覚ましい」(そのとしのはってんはめざましい). The company aims for global development「その会社は世界的な発展を目指している」(そのかいしゃはせかいてきなはってんをめざしている). This word is often used in formal or professional contexts to describe advancements or improvements.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hold, Feel

Reading

Kanji

催Hold an event, Sponsor

Explanation

The Japanese verb '催す (もよおす)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to hold' or 'to organize' an event, such as a meeting, party, or ceremony. For example: The company will hold a party「会社がパーティーを催す」(かいしゃがパーティーをもよおす). The second meaning is 'to feel' a sensation, often used to describe physical or emotional states, such as nausea or drowsiness. For example: I feel nauseous「吐き気を催す」(はきけをもよおす). The verb is versatile and its meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7214

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Event

Reading

Kanji

催Hold an event, Sponsor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '催し (もよおし)' refers to an 'event' or 'function'. It is commonly used to describe organized gatherings, celebrations, or activities, often with a specific purpose or theme. This word can be used for both formal and informal events, such as festivals, exhibitions, or parties. For example: The school festival is a fun event「学校の催しは楽しい」(がっこうのもよおしはたのしい). There will be a cultural event next week「来週、文化の催しがあります」(らいしゅう、ぶんかのもよおしがあります). The word often carries a sense of something being planned or arranged for people to enjoy or participate in.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7215

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Typical

Reading

Kanji

的Target 典Code, Rule 型Model, Type

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '典型的 (てんけいてき)' means 'typical'. It is used to describe something that is representative of a particular type, group, or category. This word often carries a neutral or slightly negative connotation, implying that something is predictable or lacks uniqueness. For example: That's a typical Japanese dish「それは典型的な日本料理です」(それはてんけいてきなにほんりょうりです). His reaction was typical of him「彼の反応は典型的だった」(かれのはんのうはてんけいてきだった). The adjective is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe behaviors, characteristics, or events that are considered standard or expected.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7216

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Caught

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つかまる' means 'to be caught' or 'to get caught'. It is often used in contexts where someone or something is captured, arrested, or held firmly. This verb is commonly used in situations involving law enforcement, accidents, or even metaphorical scenarios. For example: The thief was caught by the police「泥棒は警察につかまった」(どろぼうはけいさつにつかまった). I got caught in the rain「雨につかまった」(あめにつかまった). Note that 'つかまる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes a state or action that happens to the subject, rather than being performed by the subject.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

7217

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Encyclopedia

Reading

Kanji

科Section, Department 百Hundred 事Thing 典Code, Rule

Explanation

The Japanese noun '百科事典 (ひゃっかじてん)' means 'encyclopedia'. It refers to a comprehensive written compendium that provides information on a wide range of subjects or branches of knowledge. This term is often used in academic or educational contexts. For example: I bought a new encyclopedia「新しい百科事典を買いました」(あたらしいひゃっかじてんをかいました). The encyclopedia is very useful for research「百科事典は研究にとても役立ちます」(ひゃっかじてんはけんきゅうにとてもやくたちます). The word is a compound of '百科 (ひゃっか)', meaning 'various subjects', and '事典 (じてん)', meaning 'reference book'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7218

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Special, Unique

Reading

Kanji

特Special 殊Special, Especially

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '特殊 (とくしゅ)' means 'special' or 'unique'. It is used to describe something that is distinct, uncommon, or out of the ordinary. This word often carries a nuance of being different from the norm or having specific characteristics that set it apart. For example: This is a special case「これは特殊なケースです」(これはとくしゅなケースです). He has a unique ability「彼は特殊な能力を持っている」(かれはとくしゅなのうりょくをもっている). Note that '特殊' is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in science, technology, or law, to describe something that is not typical or standard.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tax free

Reading

Kanji

税Tax 免Excuse, Exempt

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '免税 (めんぜい)' refers to the exemption from taxes, particularly in the context of shopping or transactions. It is commonly used in situations where goods are sold without the addition of tax, often to tourists or in duty-free shops. For example: This shop offers tax-free shopping「この店は免税です」(このみせはめんぜいです). I bought this bag tax-free「このバッグは免税で買いました」(このバッグはめんぜいでかいました). The term is also used in official contexts to describe tax exemptions on certain goods or services.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7220

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pronoun

Reading

Kanji

詞Poetry, Words 名Name 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '代名詞 (だいめいし)' means 'pronoun'. In grammar, it refers to a word that substitutes for a noun or noun phrase, such as 'he', 'she', 'it', or 'they' in English. This term is used in linguistic contexts to describe parts of speech. For example: Pronouns are important in Japanese「代名詞は日本語で重要です」(だいめいしはにほんごでじゅうようです). She is a pronoun「彼女は代名詞です」(かのじょはだいめいしです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is representative or symbolic of a larger concept, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7221

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Message

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '伝言 (でんごん)' means 'message'. It refers to a piece of information or communication that is passed from one person to another, often when direct communication is not possible. This word is commonly used in situations where someone leaves a message for another person, such as through a phone call, email, or a note. For example: Please leave a message「伝言をお願いします」(でんごんをおねがいします). I received a message from him「彼から伝言をもらいました」(かれからでんごんをもらいました). The word can also be used in the form '伝言する (でんごんする)', which means 'to leave a message' or 'to pass on a message'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Infection

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 染Dye

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '伝染 (でんせん)' means 'infection' or 'contagion'. It refers to the process by which a disease or condition spreads from one person, animal, or thing to another. This word is often used in medical or biological contexts but can also be applied metaphorically to describe the spread of ideas, emotions, or behaviors. For example: The flu is highly contagious「インフルエンザは伝染しやすい」(インフルエンザはでんせんしやすい). Fear can spread like an infection「恐怖は伝染する」(きょうふはでんせんする). Note that '伝染' is often used with verbs like 'する' (to do) to indicate the act of spreading or becoming infected.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Swallow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'つばめ (tsubame)' refers to the bird known as a 'swallow'. Swallows are small, migratory birds often associated with spring and are commonly seen in Japan. They are known for their distinctive forked tails and swift flight. Example sentences: The swallow is flying「つばめが飛んでいる」(つばめがとんでいる). Swallows return in spring「つばめは春に戻る」(つばめははるにもどる). Swallows build nests under eaves「つばめは軒下に巣を作る」(つばめはのきしたにすをつくる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7224

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grilled chicken

Reading

Kanji

焼Burn, Bake 鳥Bird

Explanation

The Japanese noun '焼き鳥 (やきとり)' refers to 'grilled chicken skewers', a popular dish in Japan. It typically consists of bite-sized pieces of chicken grilled on skewers, often seasoned with salt or a tare sauce (a sweet soy-based glaze). This dish is commonly enjoyed at izakayas (Japanese pubs) or street food stalls. Example sentences: I ate grilled chicken skewers at the festival「祭りで焼き鳥を食べた」(まつりでやきとりをたべた). Let's go eat grilled chicken skewers tonight「今夜は焼き鳥を食べに行こう」(こんやはやきとりをたべにいこう). Note that while '焼き鳥' primarily refers to chicken, some variations may include other meats or vegetables.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7225

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Laughter

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑い声 (わらいごえ)' refers to the sound of laughter. It is used to describe the audible expression of amusement or joy, often heard in social settings or when someone finds something funny. For example: I heard laughter from the next room「隣の部屋から笑い声が聞こえた」(となりのへやからわらいごえがきこえた). Her laughter was contagious「彼女の笑い声は伝染した」(かのじょのわらいごえはでんせんした). This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe the sound of people laughing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7226

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crying

Reading

Kanji

泣Weep, Cry 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '泣き声 (なきごえ)' refers to the sound of crying, typically made by a person or an animal. It is used to describe the vocal expression of sadness, pain, or distress. For example: I heard a baby's crying「赤ちゃんの泣き声が聞こえた」(あかちゃんのなきごえがきこえた). The cat's crying was loud「猫の泣き声が大きかった」(ねこのなきごえがおおきかった). This word is often used in contexts involving emotional distress or discomfort.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7227

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '話し声 (はなしごえ)' refers to the sound of someone's voice when they are speaking. It specifically emphasizes the auditory aspect of speech rather than the content. This word is often used to describe the tone, volume, or quality of someone's voice during conversation. For example: I heard a soft voice「優しい話し声が聞こえた」(やさしいはなしごえがきこえた). The loud voices of the children could be heard from outside「子供たちの大きな話し声が外から聞こえた」(こどもたちのおおきなはなしごえがそとからきこえた). Note that '話し声' is distinct from '声 (こえ)', which is a more general term for 'voice' and does not necessarily imply speech.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7228

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parking

Reading

Kanji

車Car 駐Parking, Stationed

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '駐車 (ちゅうしゃ)' means 'parking'. It refers to the act of parking a vehicle, such as a car, in a designated area. This term is commonly used in contexts related to traffic regulations, parking lots, and vehicle management. For example: Parking is prohibited here「ここは駐車禁止です」(ここはちゅうしゃきんしです). I am looking for a parking space「駐車場を探しています」(ちゅうしゃじょうをさがしています). Note that '駐車' is often combined with other words to form compound terms, such as '駐車場 (ちゅうしゃじょう)' (parking lot) or '駐車禁止 (ちゅうしゃきんし)' (no parking).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7229

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noise

Reading

Kanji

音Sound 騒Clamor, Boisterous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '騒音 (そうおん)' refers to 'noise', particularly loud or disturbing sounds. It is commonly used to describe unwanted or disruptive sounds in various contexts, such as environmental noise, construction noise, or noise pollution. For example: The noise from the construction site is unbearable「工事現場の騒音が耐えられない」(こうじげんばのそうおんがたえられない). Please keep the noise down「騒音を抑えてください」(そうおんをおさえてください). This word is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe noise as a problem or nuisance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7230

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disturbance

Reading

Kanji

騒Clamor, Boisterous 動Move

Explanation

The Japanese noun '騒動 (そうどう)' refers to a disturbance, commotion, or uproar. It is often used to describe a situation where there is chaos, unrest, or a significant disruption, such as a riot, scandal, or public outcry. For example: The scandal caused a big disturbance「そのスキャンダルは大きな騒動を引き起こした」(そのスキャンダルはおおきなそうどうをひきおこした). The town was in chaos after the protest「その抗議の後、町は騒動状態だった」(そのこうぎのあと、まちはそうどうじょうたいだった). This word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as a disturbance in one's life or emotions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noisy

Reading

Kanji

騒Clamor, Boisterous

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '騒々しい (そうぞうしい)' means 'noisy'. It is used to describe a situation, place, or environment that is loud, chaotic, or filled with disruptive sounds. This word often carries a negative connotation, implying that the noise is bothersome or overwhelming. For example: The street is noisy「通りが騒々しい」(とおりがそうぞうしい). The classroom became noisy「教室が騒々しくなった」(きょうしつがそうぞうしくなった). It can also describe a situation that is tumultuous or unsettled, such as 'a noisy argument'「騒々しい議論」(そうぞうしいぎろん).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7232

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つぶる (tsuburu)' means 'to close' and is specifically used to describe closing one's eyes. It is often used in contexts where someone is intentionally shutting their eyes, such as to avoid seeing something, to concentrate, or to rest. For example: She closed her eyes and prayed「彼女は目をつぶって祈った」(かのじょはめをつぶっていのった). He closed his eyes to avoid the bright light「彼はまぶしい光を避けるために目をつぶった」(かれはまぶしいひかりをさけるためにめをつぶった). This verb is less commonly used for closing objects other than eyes, and it carries a nuance of a deliberate or momentary action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

7233

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrival

Reading

Kanji

到Reach, Arrival 着Arrive, Wear

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '到着 (とうちゃく)' means 'arrival'. It refers to the act of reaching a destination or the state of having arrived somewhere. This word is commonly used in contexts related to travel, transportation, or events. For example: The train's arrival is delayed「電車の到着が遅れています」(でんしゃのとうちゃくがおくれています). I will inform you upon my arrival「到着したらお知らせします」(とうちゃくしたらおしらせします). It is often paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the action of arriving, as in '到着する (とうちゃくする)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrival, Attainment

Reading

Kanji

到Reach, Arrival 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '到達 (とうたつ)' refers to the act of reaching or arriving at a destination, goal, or conclusion. It can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: The climbers reached the summit「登山者たちは山頂に到達した」(とざんしゃたちはさんちょうにとうたつした). The research has reached a conclusion「研究は結論に到達した」(けんきゅうはけつろんにとうたつした). This term emphasizes the completion of a journey or process, highlighting the effort or time taken to achieve the result.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7235

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bankruptcy

Reading

Kanji

倒Topple, Overthrow 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '倒産 (とうさん)' refers to the state or event of a business going bankrupt or insolvent. It is commonly used in economic and business contexts to describe a company's failure to continue operations due to financial difficulties. For example: The company went bankrupt「その会社は倒産した」(そのかいしゃはとうさんした). Many small businesses face bankruptcy「多くの小企業が倒産に直面している」(おおくのしょうきぎょうがとうさんにちょくめんしている). The term is often used in news reports or discussions about economic trends.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7236

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Trouble, Bother

Reading

Kanji

倒Topple, Overthrow 面Face, Surface

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '面倒 (めんどう)' primarily means 'trouble' or 'bother'. It is used to describe situations, tasks, or interactions that are troublesome, inconvenient, or require effort. It can also imply a sense of annoyance or reluctance. For example: It's too much trouble to explain「説明するのは面倒だ」(せつめいするのはめんどうだ). I don't want to deal with this bothersome task「この面倒な仕事をやりたくない」(このめんどうなしごとをやりたくない). Additionally, '面倒を見る (めんどうをみる)' is a common phrase meaning 'to take care of someone' or 'to look after someone', which adds a nuance of responsibility or care to the word.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7237

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diagonal

Reading

Kanji

斜Slanting, Diagonal

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '斜め (ななめ)' means 'diagonal' or 'oblique'. It is used to describe something that is not straight or aligned horizontally/vertically, but rather at an angle. This word can be used to describe physical objects, directions, or even abstract concepts like relationships or perspectives. For example: the picture is hanging diagonally「その絵は斜めにかかっている」(そのえはななめにかかっている). They have a strained relationship「彼らの関係は斜めだ」(かれらのかんけいはななめだ). The word can also imply something being unconventional or not straightforward, as in '斜めな考え (ななめなかんがえ) (unconventional thinking)'.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7238

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bud

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'つぼみ (tsubomi)' refers to a 'bud', specifically the undeveloped flower or leaf before it blooms. This word is commonly used in contexts related to plants, flowers, and nature. For example: the cherry blossoms are in bud「桜のつぼみがついている」(さくらのつぼみがついている). The rose bud is about to bloom「バラのつぼみが咲きそうだ」(ばらのつぼみがさきそうだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something in its early stages of development, such as potential or talent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7239

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enthusiastic

Reading

Kanji

張Spread, Stretch 切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '張り切る (はりきる)' means to be enthusiastic, eager, or full of energy. It is often used to describe someone who is putting in extra effort or is highly motivated to achieve something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as work, sports, or personal projects. For example: He is very enthusiastic about his new job「彼は新しい仕事に張り切っている」(かれはあたらしいしごとにはりきっている). She was so eager to start the project「彼女はそのプロジェクトを始めるのに張り切っていた」(かのじょはそのプロジェクトをはじめるのにはりきっていた). The nuance of '張り切る' often implies a visible display of energy or effort, sometimes to the point of overdoing it.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7240

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Greedy

Reading

Kanji

張Spread, Stretch 欲Desire, Longing

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '欲張り (よくばり)' refers to someone who is greedy or has an excessive desire for more than what is needed or deserved. It can describe a person who wants too much, whether it be material possessions, attention, or other desires. For example: He is greedy「彼は欲張りだ」(かれはよくばりだ). Don't be greedy「欲張りにならないで」(よくばりにならないで). The term often carries a negative connotation, implying selfishness or lack of contentment. It can also be used to describe actions or behaviors that reflect greed, such as taking more than one's fair share.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7241

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stumble

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'つまずく (つまずく)' means 'to stumble' or 'to trip'. It is used to describe the physical act of losing one's balance, often due to an obstacle or uneven surface. It can also be used metaphorically to describe encountering difficulties or setbacks in life. For example: I stumbled on the stairs「階段でつまずいた」(かいだんでつまずいた). He stumbled in his career「彼はキャリアでつまずいた」(かれはキャリアでつまずいた). The verb is often used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

7242

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Criticize, Plunge

Reading

Kanji

込Put in, Crowded 突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突っ込む (つっこむ)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to plunge' or 'to thrust into,' which can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: he plunged his hand into the water「彼は手を水に突っ込んだ」(かれはてをみずにつっこんだ). The second meaning is 'to criticize' or 'to point out flaws,' often used in a conversational context. For example: she criticized his careless remark「彼女は彼の不用意な発言に突っ込んだ」(かのじょはかれのふよういなはつげんにつっこんだ). The verb can also imply a sense of diving deeply into a topic or situation, whether physically or intellectually.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7243

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rear end

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '追突 (ついとつ)' refers to a rear-end collision, typically involving vehicles. It is used to describe the act of one vehicle hitting the back of another vehicle. This term is commonly used in traffic accident reports and discussions about road safety. For example: There was a rear-end collision on the highway「高速道路で追突事故があった」(こうそくどうろでついとつじこがあった). The car behind me rear-ended my car「後ろの車が私の車に追突した」(うしろのくるまがわたしのくるまについとつした). It's important to note that '追突' specifically refers to the action of hitting from behind, distinguishing it from other types of collisions.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7244

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Evacuation

Reading

Kanji

難Difficult 避Avoid, Dodge

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '避難 (ひなん)' means 'evacuation'. It refers to the act of leaving a place of danger or moving to a safer location, often used in contexts like natural disasters, emergencies, or hazardous situations. For example: The evacuation was completed quickly「避難は迅速に行われた」(ひなんはじんそくにおこなわれた). Please evacuate to the designated area「指定された場所に避難してください」(していされたばしょにひなんしてください). This word is commonly used in public announcements, safety instructions, and disaster preparedness contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crash

Reading

Kanji

墜Fall, Crash 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '墜落 (ついらく)' means 'crash', specifically referring to a fall or crash from a height, such as an airplane or object falling to the ground. It is often used in contexts involving accidents or disasters. For example: the airplane crashed「飛行機が墜落した」(ひこうきがついらくした). The satellite crashed into the ocean「衛星が海に墜落した」(えいせいがうみについらくした). This word carries a serious and dramatic connotation, often implying significant damage or loss.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7246

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Kanji

兵Soldier 隊Squad

Explanation

The Japanese noun '兵隊 (へいたい)' refers to a 'soldier'. It is commonly used to describe a member of the military, particularly in the context of ground forces. The term can be used in both historical and modern contexts, but it often carries a slightly informal or colloquial tone compared to more formal terms like '軍人 (ぐんじん)'. Example sentences: The soldiers marched through the town「兵隊が町を行進した」(へいたいがまちをこうしんした). He became a soldier「彼は兵隊になった」(かれはへいたいになった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Uneven

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'でこぼこ (でこぼこ)' means 'uneven' or 'rough'. It is used to describe surfaces or textures that are not smooth, such as bumpy roads or uneven ground. This word can also metaphorically describe situations or conditions that are irregular or inconsistent. For example: The road is uneven「道がでこぼこだ」(みちがでこぼこだ). The surface of the table is rough「テーブルの表面はでこぼこしている」(テーブルのひょうめんはでこぼこしている). Note that 'でこぼこ' can also function as an adjective when combined with 'する' to describe the state of being uneven or rough.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

7248

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bounce, Be lively

Reading

Kanji

弾Bullet, Projectile

Explanation

The Japanese verb '弾む (はずむ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to bounce', referring to the physical action of something springing back after hitting a surface. For example: The ball bounced high「ボールが高く弾んだ」(ボールがたかくはずんだ). The second meaning is 'to be lively' or 'to be in high spirits', often used to describe a cheerful or energetic mood. For example: Her voice was lively「彼女の声が弾んでいた」(かのじょのこえがはずんでいた). This verb can also imply a sense of excitement or enthusiasm, as in: The conversation was lively「会話が弾んでいた」(かいわがはずんでいた). Note that the context usually clarifies which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7249

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Japan flag

Reading

Kanji

丸Round 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日の丸 (ひのまる)' refers to the national flag of Japan, which features a red circle (representing the sun) on a white background. This term is often used to symbolize Japan itself or Japanese identity. For example: The Japanese flag is called '日の丸'「日本の国旗は日の丸と呼ばれます」(にほんのこっきはひのまとよばれます). The '日の丸' fluttered in the wind「日の丸が風にはためいていた」(ひのまるがかぜにはためいていた). The term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and history, and it is commonly seen at official events, schools, and during national holidays.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7250

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perfectly round

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 丸Round

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真ん丸 (まんまる)' means 'perfectly round.' It is used to describe something that is completely circular or round in shape, often with a positive connotation of cuteness or perfection. This word is commonly used to describe objects like balls, faces, or other round items. Example: The moon is perfectly round tonight 「今夜の月は真ん丸だ」 (こんやのつきはまんまるだ). The baby's face is perfectly round 「赤ちゃんの顔は真ん丸だ」 (あかちゃんのかおはまんまるだ). Note that '真ん丸' is a colloquial term and is often used in conversational contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7251

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Explosion

Reading

Kanji

爆Burst, Explode 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '爆発 (ばくはつ)' means 'explosion'. It refers to a sudden and violent release of energy, often accompanied by a loud noise and destruction. This word can be used literally, such as in the context of a bomb exploding, or figuratively, to describe a sudden outburst of emotions or events. For example: The explosion was heard far away「爆発が遠くまで聞こえた」(ばくはつがとおくまできこえた). His anger exploded「彼の怒りが爆発した」(かれのいかりがばくはつした). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '爆発物 (ばくはつぶつ)' (explosive material) or '爆発力 (ばくはつりょく)' (explosive power).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crash

Reading

Kanji

暴Violent, Outburst 落Fall

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '暴落 (ぼうらく)' refers to a sudden and drastic drop or crash, particularly in financial contexts such as stock prices or market values. It conveys a sense of rapid and uncontrollable decline. For example: The stock market crashed「株価が暴落した」(かぶかがぼうらくした). The price of oil crashed「石油の価格が暴落した」(せきゆのかかくがぼうらくした). This term is often used in economic or financial discussions to describe significant and unexpected downturns.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7253

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Violence, Roughness

Reading

Kanji

暴Violent, Outburst 乱Disorder, Riot

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '乱暴 (らんぼう)' can mean 'violence' or 'roughness'. It refers to aggressive or unruly behavior, often implying a lack of control or consideration for others. It can describe physical actions, such as hitting or pushing, or more abstract behaviors, like speaking harshly or acting recklessly. For example: He was scolded for his violent behavior「彼は乱暴な行為を叱られた」(かれはらんぼうなこういをしかられた). Don't handle the equipment roughly「その装置を乱暴に扱わないで」(そのそうちをらんぼうにあつかわないで). The word can also be used as an adjective, as in '乱暴な人 (らんぼうなひと)' (violent/rough person).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Constantly

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '絶えず (たえず)' means 'constantly' or 'continuously'. It is used to describe actions or states that occur without interruption or pause. This word emphasizes the ongoing nature of an activity or condition. For example: He is constantly working「彼は絶えず働いている」(かれはたえずはたらいている). The river flows constantly「川は絶えず流れている」(かわはたえずながれている). It is often used in formal or written contexts to convey a sense of unceasing activity or persistence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7255

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perish

Reading

Kanji

滅Ruin, Destroy

Explanation

The Japanese verb '滅びる (ほろびる)' means 'to perish' or 'to be destroyed'. It is used to describe the complete destruction or downfall of something, such as a civilization, a kingdom, or even an idea. This verb carries a sense of finality and often implies a tragic or irreversible end. For example: The ancient civilization perished「古代文明は滅びた」(こだいぶんめいはほろびた). If we don't act, humanity will perish「行動しなければ、人類は滅びる」(こうどうしなければ、じんるいはほろびる). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when describing the end of a dream or hope.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7256

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Defense

Reading

Kanji

衛Protect, Defense 防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '防衛 (ぼうえい)' means 'defense'. It refers to the act of protecting or safeguarding something, often used in contexts like national defense, self-defense, or protecting against threats. For example: national defense is important「防衛は重要だ」(ぼうえいはじゅうようだ). They are strengthening their defense「彼らは防衛を強化している」(かれらはぼうえいをきょうかしている). This term is commonly used in military, legal, and personal safety contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prevention

Reading

Kanji

止Stop 防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '防止 (ぼうし)' means 'prevention'. It is used to describe the act of stopping something from happening or avoiding a negative outcome. This word is often used in contexts related to safety, security, and health. For example: crime prevention「犯罪防止」(はんざいぼうし). Accident prevention「事故防止」(じこぼうし). It is commonly paired with other nouns to form compound words that specify what is being prevented, such as '火災防止 (かさいぼうし) (fire prevention)' or '感染防止 (かんせんぼうし) (infection prevention)'. The word carries a formal tone and is frequently used in official or technical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prevention

Reading

Kanji

防Prevent, Defend 予Beforehand

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '予防 (よぼう)' means 'prevention'. It refers to actions or measures taken to avoid or reduce the risk of something undesirable, such as diseases, accidents, or problems. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, safety, and maintenance. For example: disease prevention「病気の予防」(びょうきのよぼう). Accident prevention is important「事故の予防は大切です」(じこのよぼうはたいせつです). This word is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '予防する' (to prevent).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7259

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pork cutlet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'とんかつ (tonkatsu)' refers to a popular Japanese dish consisting of a breaded, deep-fried pork cutlet. It is typically served with shredded cabbage, rice, miso soup, and a thick, savory sauce called 'tonkatsu sauce'. The dish is a staple of Japanese cuisine and is commonly found in restaurants and bento boxes. Example sentences: I ate tonkatsu for lunch「昼ごはんにとんかつを食べた」(ひるごはんにとんかつをたべた). This restaurant's tonkatsu is delicious「この店のとんかつは美味しい」(このみせのとんかつはおいしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7260

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire prevention

Reading

Kanji

火Fire 防Prevent, Defend

Explanation

The Japanese noun '防火 (ぼうか)' means 'fire prevention'. It refers to measures or actions taken to prevent fires. This term is commonly used in contexts related to safety, construction, and urban planning. For example: Fire prevention is important「防火は大切です」(ぼうかはたいせつです). They installed fire prevention equipment「彼らは防火設備を設置しました」(かれらはぼうかせつびをせっちしました). The term is often seen in signs and regulations, such as '防火区域 (ぼうかくいき)' which means 'fire prevention zone'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obstruction

Reading

Kanji

妨Hinder, Disturb 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '妨害 (ぼうがい)' means 'obstruction' or 'interference'. It refers to the act of hindering or preventing something from happening, often intentionally. This word is commonly used in contexts such as communication, progress, or activities being disrupted. For example: The noise was an obstruction to our conversation「騒音が会話の妨害になった」(そうおんがかいわのぼうがいになった). The protest caused an obstruction to traffic「デモが交通の妨害になった」(デモがこうつうのぼうがいになった). It can also be used in legal or technical contexts, such as 'signal interference'「信号の妨害」(しんごうのぼうがい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7262

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Displeased

Reading

Kanji

嫌Dislike 機Machine, Opportunity 不Not

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '不機嫌 (ふきげん)' means 'displeased' or 'in a bad mood'. It is used to describe someone who is visibly unhappy, irritated, or sulking. This word often conveys a sense of emotional discomfort or dissatisfaction. For example: He seems displeased「彼は不機嫌そうだ」(かれはふきげんそうだ). She was in a bad mood all day「彼女は一日中不機嫌だった」(かのじょはいちにちじゅうふきげんだった). The term can also be used to describe a situation or atmosphere that feels tense or unpleasant due to someone's mood.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7263

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All nighter

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 徹Penetrate, Go through

Explanation

The Japanese noun '徹夜 (てつや)' refers to staying up all night, often to complete work, study, or other tasks. It is commonly used in contexts where someone sacrifices sleep to meet a deadline or prepare for an event. For example: I pulled an all-nighter to finish the report「レポートを終わらせるために徹夜した」(レポートをおわらせるためにてつやした). He stayed up all night studying for the exam「彼は試験のために徹夜で勉強した」(かれはしけんのためにてつやでべんきょうした). The word can also imply exhaustion or a sense of urgency, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7264

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thorough

Reading

Kanji

的Target 底Bottom 徹Penetrate, Go through

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '徹底的 (てっていてき)' means 'thorough'. It describes something that is done completely, meticulously, or exhaustively, leaving no room for oversight. This word is often used in contexts where precision, completeness, or intensity is emphasized. For example: He conducted a thorough investigation「彼は徹底的な調査を行った」(かれはてっていてきなちょうさをおこなった). The company implemented thorough reforms「その会社は徹底的な改革を実施した」(そのかいしゃはてっていてきなかいかくをじっしした). Note that '徹底的' is often used in formal or professional settings to emphasize the depth or completeness of an action.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7265

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

How

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どんなに (どんなに)' is used to express 'how' in terms of degree or extent, often emphasizing the intensity or extremity of a situation. It is commonly used in questions or exclamatory sentences to inquire about or emphasize the degree of something. For example: How hard did you study?「どんなに勉強しましたか？」(どんなにべんきょうしましたか？). No matter how much I try, I can't do it「どんなに頑張ってもできない」(どんなにがんばってもできない). This adverb is versatile and can be used in various contexts to emphasize the extent of an action or state.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

7266

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resistance

Reading

Kanji

抗Resist, Confront 抵Resist, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '抵抗 (ていこう)' primarily means 'resistance'. It can refer to physical resistance, such as opposing a force or pressure, or metaphorical resistance, such as opposing an idea, authority, or change. For example: He showed resistance to the new policy「彼は新しい方針に抵抗した」(かれはあたらしいほうしんにていこうした). The material has high resistance to heat「その材料は熱に強い抵抗がある」(そのざいりょうはねつにつよいていこうがある). In some contexts, it can also imply reluctance or hesitation, as in 'I felt resistance to the idea'「その考えに抵抗を感じた」(そのかんがえにていこうをかんじた).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7267

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Science

Reading

Kanji

系Lineage 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理系 (りけい)' refers to the field of science or scientific disciplines. It is commonly used in educational and professional contexts to differentiate between science-related fields (理系) and humanities or arts-related fields (文系, ぶんけい). For example: He is studying in the science field「彼は理系を勉強しています」(かれはりけいをべんきょうしています). I want to work in a science-related job「理系の仕事がしたいです」(りけいのしごとがしたいです). The term is often used to describe academic tracks, career paths, or areas of expertise.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7268

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Humanities

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 系Lineage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文系 (ぶんけい)' refers to the humanities or liberal arts field of study. It is commonly used in academic contexts to distinguish between humanities and sciences. For example: I am studying humanities「私は文系を勉強しています」(わたしはぶんけいをべんきょうしています). He chose the humanities track in high school「彼は高校で文系を選びました」(かれはこうこうでぶんけいをえらびました). This term is often contrasted with '理系 (りけい)', which refers to the sciences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7269

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prosperity

Reading

Kanji

栄Prosper, Flourish 繁Thrive, Overgrown

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '繁栄 (はんえい)' means 'prosperity'. It refers to the state of flourishing, thriving, or being successful, often in the context of economic, social, or cultural growth. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts to describe the prosperity of a nation, business, or community. For example: The prosperity of the country depends on innovation「国の繁栄は革新にかかっている」(くにのはんえいかくしんにかかっている). We wish for the continued prosperity of our company「我々は会社の継続的な繁栄を願っています」(われわれはかいしゃのけいぞくてきなはんえいをねがっています). Note that '繁栄' is often used in a positive and aspirational sense, emphasizing growth and success.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7270

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Japan korea

Reading

Kanji

韓Korea 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日韓 (にっかん)' refers to the relationship or connection between Japan and Korea. It is often used in contexts discussing political, cultural, or economic ties between the two countries. For example: The Japan-Korea summit was held「日韓サミットが開催された」(にっかんサミットがかいさいされた). The Japan-Korea relationship is improving「日韓関係は改善している」(にっかんかんけいはかいぜんしている). This term is commonly used in news articles, diplomatic discussions, and historical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Arrow

Reading

Kanji

印Mark, Seal 矢Arrow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '矢印 (やじるし)' means 'arrow'. It is commonly used to indicate direction or to point towards something specific, such as in signs, maps, or diagrams. For example: follow the arrow「矢印に従ってください」(やじるしにしたがってください). The arrow points to the exit「矢印は出口を指しています」(やじるしはでぐちをさしています). This word is often seen in everyday contexts, such as on road signs or in user interfaces, to guide people visually.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7272

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nail clipper

Reading

Kanji

切Cut 爪Claw

Explanation

The Japanese noun '爪切り (つめきり)' refers to a 'nail clipper', a tool used for trimming fingernails or toenails. It is a compound word combining '爪 (つめ)' meaning 'nail' and '切り (きり)' meaning 'cutter'. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts related to personal grooming. For example: I bought a new nail clipper「新しい爪切りを買いました」(あたらしいつめきりをかいました). Please lend me your nail clipper「爪切りを貸してください」(つめきりをかしてください). The tool is essential for maintaining hygiene and is found in most households.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7273

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Personality

Reading

Kanji

柄Design, Handle 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人柄 (ひとがら)' refers to a person's character, personality, or disposition. It is often used to describe someone's inherent qualities or the impression they give to others. This word carries a positive connotation and is typically used to highlight admirable traits. For example: She has a wonderful personality「彼女は素晴らしい人柄です」(かのじょはすばらしいひとがらです). His personality is very kind「彼の人柄はとても優しい」(かれのひとがらはとてもやさしい). The term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss someone's nature or demeanor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7274

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truly

Reading

Kanji

誠Sincerity

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '誠に (まことに)' means 'truly' or 'sincerely'. It is often used to express deep sincerity, earnestness, or emphasis in formal or polite contexts. This word is commonly found in expressions of gratitude, apologies, or formal statements. For example: I am truly grateful「誠にありがとうございます」(まことにありがとうございます). I sincerely apologize「誠に申し訳ございません」(まことにもうしわけございません). It is important to note that '誠に' carries a formal tone and is typically used in written or formal spoken language rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7275

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Boost

Reading

Kanji

上Up 盛Prosper

Explanation

The Japanese verb '盛り上げる (もりあげる)' means 'to boost' or 'to liven up'. It is often used to describe the act of making something more exciting, lively, or energetic, such as a party, event, or atmosphere. For example: let's boost the party「パーティーを盛り上げよう」(パーティーをもりあげよう). He livened up the meeting「彼は会議を盛り上げた」(かれはかいぎをもりあげた). This verb can also be used in a more literal sense, such as piling up or heaping something, but this usage is less common. The focus is usually on creating a lively or enthusiastic atmosphere.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7276

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Balance

Reading

Kanji

釣Fish, Fishing 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '釣り合い (つりあい)' means 'balance'. It refers to a state of equilibrium or harmony between different elements, such as physical balance, emotional balance, or balance in design. For example: The design has a good balance「そのデザインは釣り合いが取れている」(そのデザインはつりあいがとれている). Maintaining balance in life is important「人生の釣り合いを保つことは大切だ」(じんせいのつりあいをたもつことはたいせつだ). This word is often used in contexts where symmetry, proportion, or stability is emphasized.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7277

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carefree

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun 'のんき (nonki)' means 'carefree'. It describes a state of being relaxed, easygoing, or free from worry. This word is often used to describe a person's personality or attitude, but it can also describe situations or lifestyles. For example: He is a carefree person「彼はのんきな人だ」(かれはのんきなひとだ). Living a carefree life is nice「のんきに暮らすのはいいね」(のんきにくらすのはいいね). Note that 'のんき' can sometimes carry a slightly negative nuance, implying a lack of seriousness or responsibility, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Frequency

7278

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Balance

Reading

Kanji

釣Fish, Fishing 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '釣り合う (つりあう)' means 'to balance' or 'to be in proportion'. It is often used to describe a state where two or more things are in harmony or equilibrium, whether physically, emotionally, or in terms of value. For example: The colors of the painting balance well「その絵の色はよく釣り合っている」(そのえのいろはよくつりあっている). Their skills balance each other out「彼らのスキルは釣り合っている」(かれらのスキルはつりあっている). This verb can also imply a sense of fairness or appropriateness, as in 'The reward balances the effort「その報酬は努力と釣り合っている」(そのほうしゅうはどりょくとつりあっている).'

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7279

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dull

Reading

Kanji

鈍Blunt, Dull

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '鈍い (にぶい)' primarily means 'dull'. It can describe something that is not sharp, such as a knife, or something that is slow or sluggish, like a reaction or movement. For example: This knife is dull「このナイフは鈍い」(このナイフはにぶい). His reaction was slow「彼の反応は鈍かった」(かれのはんのうはにぶかった). The adjective can also be used metaphorically to describe a person's wit or senses as being dull or not sharp. For example: She is not quick-witted「彼女は頭の回転が鈍い」(かのじょはあたまのかいてんがにぶい).

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7280

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insensitive

Reading

Kanji

鈍Blunt, Dull 感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '鈍感 (どんかん)' means 'insensitive'. It describes a person who is not easily affected by or aware of subtle changes, emotions, or situations. It can be used to describe someone who is emotionally or physically unresponsive. For example: he is insensitive to criticism「彼は批判に鈍感だ」(かれはひはんにどんかんだ). She is insensitive to cold「彼女は寒さに鈍感だ」(かのじょはさむさにどんかんだ). This word can also imply a lack of awareness or consideration for others' feelings, but it is not inherently negative and can sometimes be used humorously or neutrally.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7281

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bathing

Reading

Kanji

浴Bathe 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '入浴 (にゅうよく)' refers to the act of bathing, particularly entering a bath. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal hygiene, relaxation, or traditional Japanese bathing culture. For example: I enjoy bathing「私は入浴を楽しむ」(わたしはにゅうよくをたのしむ). After work, I always take a bath「仕事の後、いつも入浴する」(しごとのあと、いつもにゅうよくする). This word is often associated with soaking in a bathtub, especially in a Japanese-style bath (ofuro).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'はえ' refers to a 'fly', the small flying insect. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to the insect. For example: There is a fly in the room「部屋にはえがいる」(へやにはえがいる). I don't like flies「はえが嫌いだ」(はえがきらいだ). It's important to note that 'はえ' specifically refers to the insect and not the verb 'to fly'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7283

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beach

Reading

Kanji

浜Beach 辺Boundary, Vicinity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浜辺 (はまべ)' refers to the area of land along the edge of a body of water, typically the ocean, where the sand or pebbles meet the water. It is commonly used to describe the seaside or the shore. This word evokes imagery of a peaceful, scenic place often associated with relaxation, vacations, or natural beauty. Example sentences: Let's take a walk on the beach「浜辺を散歩しましょう」(はまべをさんぽしましょう). The children are playing on the beach「子供たちは浜辺で遊んでいます」(こどもたちははまべであそんでいます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7284

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ridiculous

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'ばかばかしい (ばかばかしい)' means 'ridiculous' or 'absurd'. It is used to describe something that is so foolish or nonsensical that it becomes laughable. This word often carries a tone of disbelief or exasperation. For example: That idea is ridiculous「その考えはばかばかしい」(そのかんがえはばかばかしい). It's ridiculous to think that way「そんな風に考えるのはばかばかしい」(そんなふうにかんがえるのはばかばかしい). The word can also be used to express frustration or annoyance with a situation that seems utterly pointless or illogical.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

7285

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Indifferent

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold 淡Thin, Light

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '冷淡 (れいたん)' means 'indifferent' or 'cold-hearted'. It describes a lack of interest, concern, or emotional warmth toward someone or something. This word is often used to describe a person's attitude or behavior, particularly in situations where empathy or care is expected. For example: His attitude was indifferent「彼の態度は冷淡だった」(かれのたいどはれいたんだった). She gave me a cold-hearted response「彼女は冷淡な返事をした」(かのじょはれいたんなへんじをした). The word can also describe a situation or atmosphere that feels emotionally distant or unfeeling.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7286

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Muddy, Become impure

Reading

Kanji

濁Voiced, Turbid

Explanation

The Japanese verb '濁る (にごる)' primarily means 'to become muddy' or 'to become impure'. It is used to describe liquids that become cloudy or unclear, such as water mixed with dirt. It can also metaphorically describe situations, thoughts, or emotions that become unclear or tainted. For example: the water became muddy「水が濁った」(みずがにごった). His intentions became unclear「彼の意図が濁った」(かれのいとがにごった). The verb can also describe sounds that are muffled or unclear, such as a voice affected by illness or emotion.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7287

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacup

Reading

Kanji

湯Hot water 飲Drink

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湯飲み (ゆのみ)' refers to a teacup, specifically a cup used for drinking tea. It is commonly used in Japanese households and tea ceremonies. The word is a combination of '湯 (ゆ)', meaning hot water or tea, and '飲み (のみ)', meaning drinking. Example sentences: Please pass me the teacup「湯飲みを取ってください」(ゆのみをとってください). This teacup is beautiful「この湯飲みはきれいです」(このゆのみはきれいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7288

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Steam

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 湯Hot water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湯気 (ゆげ)' refers to 'steam' or 'vapor', specifically the visible mist that rises from hot water or other heated liquids. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when describing steam from a hot bath, tea, or food. For example: The steam from the hot spring is warm「温泉の湯気は温かい」(おんせんのゆげはあたたかい). Steam is rising from the cup of tea「湯気がお茶のカップから立ち上っている」(ゆげがおちゃのカップからたちあがっている). This word is often associated with warmth and comfort, particularly in Japanese culture, where hot baths and tea are deeply ingrained.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7289

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scale

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'はかり (hakari)' refers to a 'scale', a device used for measuring weight. It is commonly used in contexts such as cooking, science, or commerce. For example: I weighed the apples on the scale「りんごをはかりで量った」(りんごをはかりではかった). The scale is broken「はかりが壊れている」(はかりがこわれている). This word can also refer to the act of measuring or weighing, depending on the context, but its primary meaning is the physical device.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7290

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ditch

Reading

Kanji

溝Gutter, Channel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '溝 (みぞ)' refers to a 'ditch' or 'trench'. It is commonly used to describe a narrow channel dug into the ground, often for drainage or irrigation purposes. Additionally, it can metaphorically represent a gap or rift between people or ideas. Example sentences: There is a deep ditch in the field「畑に深い溝がある」(はたけにふかいみぞがある). The ditch was filled with water after the rain「雨の後、溝に水がたまった」(あめのあと、みぞにみずがたまった). The argument created a rift between them「その議論で彼らの間に溝ができた」(そのぎろんでかれらのあいだにみぞができた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7291

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ladder

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'はしご (hashigo)' means 'ladder'. It refers to a tool used for climbing up or down, typically consisting of rungs or steps fixed between two long uprights. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in construction, home maintenance, or emergency situations. For example: He climbed the ladder to fix the roof「彼は屋根を直すためにはしごを登った」(かれはやねをなおすためにはしごをのぼった). The firefighter used a ladder to rescue the cat「消防士は猫を助けるにはしごを使った」(しょうぼうしはねこをたすけるにはしごをつかった). Additionally, 'はしご' can also refer to a series of bars or steps used metaphorically, such as in 'career ladder'. However, this usage is less common in Japanese compared to English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7292

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cavity

Reading

Kanji

虫Insect 歯Tooth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '虫歯 (むしば)' refers to a dental cavity or tooth decay. It is commonly used in medical or everyday contexts to describe a condition where a tooth has been damaged by decay. For example: I have a cavity「虫歯があります」(むしばがあります). You should go to the dentist for your cavity「虫歯を治すために歯医者に行くべきです」(むしばをなおすためにはいしゃにいくべきです). The term is often associated with poor dental hygiene or excessive sugar consumption.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accurate, Faithful

Reading

Kanji

忠Loyalty 実Fruit, Truth

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '忠実 (ちゅうじつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'faithful', which refers to being loyal, devoted, or true to someone or something. For example: He is faithful to his duties「彼は職務に忠実だ」(かれはしょくむにちゅうじつだ). The second meaning is 'accurate', which refers to being precise or true to the original. For example: This translation is accurate「この翻訳は忠実だ」(このほんやくはちゅうじつだ). The word is often used in contexts involving loyalty, precision, or adherence to principles or details.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7294

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advice

Reading

Kanji

忠Loyalty 告Announce

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '忠告 (ちゅうこく)' means 'advice'. It refers to counsel or recommendations given to someone, often with the intention of helping them avoid mistakes or improve their situation. This word carries a formal tone and is typically used in serious or important contexts. For example: I gave him advice「彼に忠告をした」(かれにちゅうこくをした). She ignored my advice「彼女は私の忠告を無視した」(かのじょはわたしのちゅうこくをむしした). It is important to note that '忠告' often implies a sense of sincerity or earnestness in the advice being given.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7295

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Barefoot

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'はだし (hadashi)' means 'barefoot'. It refers to the state of not wearing any footwear, with the feet directly touching the ground or surface. This word is often used to describe someone who is walking or standing without shoes, or to emphasize a natural or informal state. For example: The child is running barefoot「子供がはだしで走っている」(こどもがはだしではしっている). I walked barefoot on the beach「私ははだしでビーチを歩いた」(わたしははだしでビーチをあるいた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something in its most basic or unadorned form.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7296

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diameter

Reading

Kanji

径Path, Diameter 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese noun '直径 (ちょっけい)' refers to the 'diameter' of a circle or sphere, which is the length of a straight line passing from one side to the other through the center. It is commonly used in mathematical, engineering, and everyday contexts. For example: The diameter of this circle is 10 cm「この円の直径は10センチです」(このえんのちょっけいは10センチです). Please measure the diameter of the pipe「パイプの直径を測ってください」(パイプのちょっけいをはかってください). This word is specific to the concept of diameter and does not have unrelated meanings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Radius

Reading

Kanji

半Half 径Path, Diameter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '半径 (はんけい)' means 'radius'. It is used in mathematics and geometry to describe the distance from the center of a circle to its circumference. This term is also used in everyday contexts to describe the range or extent of something circular or spherical. For example: the radius of the circle is 5 meters「円の半径は5メートルです」(えんのはんけいはごメートルです). The explosion affected everything within a 10-kilometer radius「爆発は半径10キロメートル以内に影響を及ぼした」(ばくはつははんけいじゅっキロメートルいないにえいきょうをおよぼした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7298

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bowl

Reading

Kanji

丼Rice bowl

Explanation

The Japanese noun '丼 (どんぶり)' refers to a type of bowl, typically deep and used for serving rice dishes. It is commonly associated with dishes like '牛丼 (ぎゅうどん)' (beef bowl) or '親子丼 (おやこどん)' (chicken and egg bowl). The term can also refer to the dish itself served in such a bowl. For example: I ate a beef bowl「牛丼を食べた」(ぎゅうどんをたべた). This bowl is big「この丼は大きい」(このどんぶりはおおきい). The word is often used in the context of Japanese cuisine and dining.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

7299

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Punishment, Cross

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バツ (batsu)' has two primary meanings. First, it refers to a 'cross' mark (✗), often used to indicate something incorrect or wrong, such as in tests or forms. Second, it can mean 'punishment' or 'penalty', often in a playful or light-hearted context, such as in games or social settings. Example sentences: I got a cross on my test「テストにバツがついた」(てすとにばつがついた). The punishment for losing is singing a song「負けたらバツとして歌を歌う」(まけたらばつとしてうたをうたう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

7300

Composition

katakana

Handwriting