Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Tableware

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食器 (しょっき)' refers to 'tableware', which includes dishes, plates, bowls, cups, and utensils used for eating and serving food. This term is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as setting the table or washing dishes. For example: Please wash the tableware「食器を洗ってください」(しょっきをあらってください). I bought new tableware「新しい食器を買いました」(あたらしいしょっきをかいました). The word is neutral and can refer to any type of tableware, whether it's made of ceramic, glass, metal, or other materials.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3415

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mood

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機嫌 (きげん)' refers to someone's mood or state of mind. It is often used to describe whether someone is in a good or bad mood. For example: Her mood is good today「彼女の機嫌は今日良い」(かのじょのきげんはきょうよい). He is in a bad mood「彼は機嫌が悪い」(かれはきげんがわるい). The word can also be used in greetings like 'ご機嫌いかが？ (ごきげんいかが？)', which means 'How are you?' or 'How is your mood?'. It is important to note that '機嫌' is often used in formal or polite contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3416

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opportunity

Reading

Kanji

序Beginning, Preface

Explanation

The Japanese noun '序で (ついで)' refers to an opportunity or a convenient moment to do something. It is often used when someone is already doing something and takes the chance to do another related task. For example: While you're at the store, could you buy some milk?「お店に行くついでに牛乳を買ってきてくれる？」(おみせにいくついでにぎゅうにゅうをかってきてくれる？). I'll clean the kitchen while I'm at it「キッチンを掃除するついでに片付けよう」(キッチンをそうじするついでにかたづけよう). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and implies making the most of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3417

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nest

Reading

Kanji

巣Nest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '巣 (す)' means 'nest'. This word is used to describe the structure built by birds, insects, or other animals to lay eggs or raise their young. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a place where people gather or live, often with a negative connotation. For example: a bird's nest「鳥の巣」(とりのす). The criminal's hideout was like a nest「犯罪者の隠れ家は巣のようだった」(はんざいしゃのかくれがはすのようだった). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '蜘蛛の巣 (くものす)' (spider's web).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3420

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receiver

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 話Talk 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '受話器 (じゅわき)' refers to the 'receiver' of a telephone, the part of the phone that you hold to your ear to listen and speak. It is commonly used in the context of telecommunication devices. Example sentences: Please pick up the receiver「受話器を取ってください」(じゅわきをとってください). The receiver is broken「受話器が壊れています」(じゅわきがこわれています). This word is specific to telephones and does not refer to other types of receivers, such as those used in electronics or sports.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3423

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fire extinguisher

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 火Fire 器Vessel

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消火器 (しょうかき)' refers to a 'fire extinguisher', a device used to put out fires. It is commonly found in buildings, vehicles, and public spaces for safety purposes. Example sentences: Please use the fire extinguisher in case of emergency「緊急時には消火器を使ってください」(きんきゅうじにはしょうかきをつかってください). The fire extinguisher is located near the exit「消火器は出口の近くにあります」(しょうかきはでぐちのちかくにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3424

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ratio

Reading

Kanji

比Compare, Ratio 率Command, Proportion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '比率 (ひりつ)' means 'ratio'. It refers to the quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other. This term is commonly used in mathematical, scientific, and financial contexts to describe proportions or comparative relationships. For example: The ratio of men to women is 2:1「男性と女性の比率は2:1です」(だんせいとじょせいのひりつは2:1です). The ratio of sugar to flour in this recipe is 1:3「このレシピの砂糖と小麦粉の比率は1:3です」(このレシピのさとうとこむぎこのひりつは1:3です).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3425

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Executive

Reading

Kanji

幹Trunk, Main 部Section, Department

Explanation

The Japanese noun '幹部 (かんぶ)' refers to an executive or a high-ranking official within an organization, such as a company, political party, or other group. It typically denotes someone in a leadership or managerial position who holds significant responsibility. For example: The executive made an important decision「幹部が重要な決定をした」(かんぶがじゅうようなけっていをした). She is a member of the company's executive team「彼女は会社の幹部です」(かのじょはかいしゃのかんぶです). The term is often used in formal or professional contexts and emphasizes the person's role in decision-making and leadership.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3427

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lumber

Reading

Kanji

材Materials, Timber 木Tree, Wood

Explanation

The Japanese noun '材木 (ざいもく)' refers to 'lumber' or 'timber', which is wood that has been processed into beams and planks, a stage in the process of wood production. It is commonly used in construction and carpentry. For example: The house is built with high-quality lumber「その家は高品質の材木で建てられている」(そのいえはこうひんしつのざいもくでたてられている). We need to buy more lumber for the project「プロジェクトのために材木をもっと買う必要がある」(プロジェクトのためにざいもくをもっとかうひつようがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3429

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Base

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ベース (beesu)' means 'base'. This word is often used in various contexts, such as in sports to refer to a base in baseball, or in music to refer to the bass (low-frequency sound). It can also be used more generally to refer to a foundation or starting point. For example: He hit a home run and ran around the bases「彼はホームランを打ってベースを回った」(かれはほーむらんをうってべーすをまわった). The bass in this song is very strong「この曲のベースはとても強い」(このきょくのべーすはとてもつよい). The company's base is in Tokyo「会社のベースは東京にある」(かいしゃのべーすはとうきょうにある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3430

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Term

Reading

Kanji

用Use 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '用語 (ようご)' refers to a 'term' or 'word' used in a specific context, field, or discipline. It is often used to describe specialized vocabulary or jargon. For example: This term is used in medicine「この用語は医学で使われます」(このようごはいがくでつかわれます). Please explain the meaning of this term「この用語の意味を説明してください」(このようごのいみをせつめいしてください). The word can also imply the proper or formal usage of language in a particular setting.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3431

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tool, Appliance

Reading

Kanji

器Vessel 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '器具 (きぐ)' refers to tools or appliances used for specific tasks. It can denote a wide range of devices, from household appliances to specialized tools. For example: I bought a new kitchen appliance「新しいキッチン器具を買いました」(あたらしいキッチンきぐをかいました). The workshop has various tools「その作業場には様々な器具があります」(そのさぎょうばにはさまざまなきぐがあります). The word is often used in contexts related to equipment or instruments necessary for particular activities, such as cooking, construction, or scientific experiments.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3434

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rainwear

Reading

Kanji

雨Rain 具Tool

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雨具 (あまぐ)' refers to 'rainwear' or items used to protect oneself from rain. This includes items like raincoats, umbrellas, and waterproof boots. It is a compound word combining '雨 (あめ)' meaning 'rain' and '具 (ぐ)' meaning 'equipment' or 'gear'. Example sentences: Don't forget your rainwear「雨具を忘れないで」(あまぐをわすれないで). I bought new rainwear for the rainy season「梅雨に備えて新しい雨具を買った」(つゆにそなえてあたらしいあまぐをかった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3435

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

People

Reading

Kanji

方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '方々 (かたがた)' is a polite and respectful way to refer to people, often used in formal or respectful contexts. It is a plural form of '方 (かた)', which is a polite way to refer to an individual. This term is commonly used in speeches, letters, or formal settings to address a group of people respectfully. For example: I would like to thank all the people who attended「ご来場の方々に感謝申し上げます」(ごらいじょうのかたがたにかんしゃもうしあげます). The people gathered here are all very kind「ここに集まった方々は皆とても親切です」(ここにあつまったかたがたはみなとてもしんせつです). Note that '方々' is more formal than '人々 (ひとびと)' and is often used to show respect or deference.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3437

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Motive

Reading

Kanji

動Move 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '動機 (どうき)' refers to a 'motive' or 'reason' behind an action or decision. It is often used in contexts involving personal intentions, such as in criminal investigations, personal goals, or artistic inspiration. For example: His motive for the crime was unclear「彼の犯罪の動機は不明だった」(かれのはんざいのどうきはふめいだった). The motive behind her decision was her family「彼女の決断の動機は家族だった」(かのじょのけつだんのどうきはかぞくだった). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to discuss the underlying reasons for actions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3438

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Semi express

Reading

Kanji

準Follow, Semi 急Urgent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '準急 (じゅんきゅう)' refers to a type of train service that is faster than local trains but slower than express trains. It is often used in the context of public transportation to describe trains that make fewer stops than local trains but more stops than express trains. For example: I took the semi-express train「準急に乗りました」(じゅんきゅうにのりました). The semi-express train stops at major stations「準急は主要な駅に停まります」(じゅんきゅうはしゅようなえきにとまります). This term is commonly used in train schedules and announcements to help passengers understand the level of service provided by the train.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3439

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exercise

Reading

Kanji

行Go 使Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行使 (こうし)' means 'exercise' in the sense of using or applying something, such as authority, rights, or power. It is often used in formal or legal contexts. For example: The government exercised its authority「政府は権力を行使した」(せいふはけんりょくをこうしした). He exercised his right to vote「彼は投票権を行使した」(かれはとうひょうけんをこうしした). This word is commonly used in discussions about legal rights, political power, or decision-making processes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3440

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Radio

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ラジオ (rajio)' means 'radio'. This word refers to the device used for receiving radio broadcasts, as well as the medium of radio broadcasting itself. It is a loanword from English, written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin. For example: I listen to the radio every morning「毎朝ラジオを聞きます」(まいあさラジオをききます). The radio is on「ラジオがついています」(ラジオがついています). The word 'ラジオ' is commonly used in everyday conversation and is easily understood by Japanese speakers of all ages.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3443

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bureaucrat

Reading

Kanji

官Government, Bureaucrat 僚Colleague, Official

Explanation

The Japanese noun '官僚 (かんりょう)' refers to a bureaucrat or government official. It specifically denotes individuals who work in administrative roles within government organizations, often associated with formal procedures and regulations. This term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation, depending on the context, as it may imply rigidity or excessive adherence to rules. Example sentences: The bureaucrat made a decision「官僚が決定を下した」(かんりょうがけっていをくだした). Bureaucrats are often criticized for being inflexible「官僚はしばしば柔軟性がないと批判される」(かんりょうはしばしばじゅうなんせいがないとひはんされる).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3445

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ticket, Voucher

Reading

Kanji

券Ticket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '券 (けん)' refers to a ticket or voucher, which is a piece of paper or digital document that grants the holder access to a service, event, or product. It is commonly used in contexts such as transportation, events, or discounts. For example: I bought a train ticket「電車の券を買いました」(でんしゃのけんをかいました). This is a discount voucher「これは割引券です」(これはわりびきけんです). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '入場券 (にゅうじょうけん) (admission ticket)' or '回数券 (かいすうけん) (multi-ride ticket).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3446

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Individual, Specific

Reading

Kanji

個Individual 別Separate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '個別 (こべつ)' refers to something being treated or considered individually or specifically, rather than as part of a group or in a general sense. It is often used in contexts where attention is given to the unique characteristics or details of each item or person. For example: individual instruction「個別の指導」(こべつのしどう). We will handle each case specifically「個別に対応します」(こべつにたいおうします). The term emphasizes the importance of addressing each element on its own merits or needs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3447

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Editorial

Reading

Kanji

社Company 説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '社説 (しゃせつ)' refers to an 'editorial', which is an article in a newspaper or magazine that expresses the opinions of the editors or the publication itself. It is typically written to provide commentary on current events, social issues, or political matters. For example: The newspaper published an editorial about climate change「新聞は気候変動についての社説を掲載した」(しんぶんはきこうへんどうについてのしゃせつをけいさいした). I read the editorial in today's paper「今日の新聞の社説を読んだ」(きょうのしんぶんのしゃせつをよんだ). The word is commonly used in media and journalism contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3449

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Protein

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'たんぱく' (tanpaku) refers to 'protein', a vital nutrient essential for building and repairing tissues in the body. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, nutrition, and biology. For example: This food is high in protein「この食べ物はたんぱくが豊富です」(このたべものはたんぱくがほうふです). I need to eat more protein「もっとたんぱくを摂る必要がある」(もっとたんぱくをとるひつようがある). The word is often used in scientific or dietary discussions and is a shortened form of 'たんぱくしつ' (tanpakushitsu), which also means 'protein'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3450

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Theory

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 説Theory, Explanation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学説 (がくせつ)' refers to a 'theory' or 'academic doctrine'. It is commonly used in academic or scholarly contexts to describe a systematic set of ideas or principles that explain a particular subject. For example: His theory is widely accepted「彼の学説は広く受け入れられている」(かれのがくせつはひろくうけいれられている). This theory is based on scientific evidence「この学説は科学的な証拠に基づいている」(このがくせつはかがくてきなしょうこにもとづいている). The word is often used in discussions about science, philosophy, or other academic fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3452

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sheet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'シーツ (shiitsu)' refers to a 'sheet', specifically the type used on beds. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in everyday Japanese to refer to bed linens. For example: I bought new sheets「新しいシーツを買いました」(あたらしいシーツをかいました). Please change the sheets「シーツを替えてください」(シーツをかえてください). It is important to note that 'シーツ' typically refers to the fitted or flat sheet used on a bed, and not other types of sheets like paper sheets or spreadsheet.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3454

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Luck

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune

Explanation

The Japanese noun '運 (うん)' means 'luck' or 'fortune'. It refers to the concept of chance or fate that influences events in one's life. This word is often used in contexts related to good or bad fortune, such as in games, life events, or outcomes. For example: I have good luck today「今日は運がいい」(きょうはうんがいい). It's all about luck「それは運次第だ」(それはうんしだいだ). The word can also be used in compound words like '運命 (うんめい)' (fate/destiny) or '運転 (うんてん)' (driving), but in isolation, it primarily conveys the idea of luck.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3457

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Academy

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学園 (がくえん)' refers to an educational institution, often implying a private school or academy. It is commonly used in the names of schools, particularly those that offer a comprehensive education from elementary to high school levels. The term carries a somewhat prestigious connotation, suggesting a well-established and respected institution. For example: I attend a prestigious academy「私は有名な学園に通っています」(わたしはゆうめいながくえんにかよっています). The academy is located in the suburbs「その学園は郊外にあります」(そのがくえんはこうがいにあります).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3458

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Holiday

Reading

Kanji

祭Ritual 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '祭日 (さいじつ)' refers to a 'holiday' or 'festival day'. It is commonly used to denote national holidays or days of celebration in Japan. These days are often associated with traditional festivals, ceremonies, or public events. For example: Today is a holiday「今日は祭日です」(きょうはさいじつです). We have a holiday tomorrow「明日は祭日です」(あしたはさいじつです). It's important to note that '祭日' is often used interchangeably with '祝日 (しゅくじつ)', though '祭日' can carry a slightly more traditional or ceremonial connotation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3459

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cow, Ox

Reading

Kanji

牛Cow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '牛 (うし)' refers to cattle, specifically cows or oxen. It is commonly used to describe the animal itself, whether in a domestic or wild context. The word can also be used metaphorically or in idiomatic expressions. For example: The cow is grazing in the field「牛が野原で草を食べている」(うしがのはらでくさをたべている). We saw an ox at the farm「農場で牛を見た」(のうじょうでうしをみた). The term can also appear in compound words, such as '牛肉 (ぎゅうにく)' meaning 'beef'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3461

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Craftsman

Reading

Kanji

職Employment 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '職人 (しょくにん)' refers to a skilled craftsman or artisan who specializes in a particular trade or craft. This term is often used to describe individuals who have honed their skills through years of practice and dedication, such as carpenters, potters, or blacksmiths. The word carries a connotation of high skill, precision, and tradition. For example: The craftsman made a beautiful vase「職人が美しい花瓶を作りました」(しょくにんがうつくしいかびんをつくりました). He is a master craftsman「彼は職人の達人です」(かれはしょくにんのたつじんです). The term is deeply respected in Japanese culture, often associated with the concept of 'monozukuri' (物作り), which emphasizes the spirit of craftsmanship and the pursuit of perfection.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3463

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loan

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ローン (ろーん)' means 'loan'. This term is used to refer to a sum of money that is borrowed, often from a financial institution, with the expectation that it will be paid back with interest. It is commonly used in contexts related to personal finance, mortgages, or business loans. For example: I took out a loan to buy a house「家を買うためにローンを組んだ」(いえをかうためにろーんをくんだ). The bank approved my loan application「銀行が私のローンの申請を承認した」(ぎんこうがわたしのろーんのしんせいをしょうにんした). The word 'ローン' is often used in financial contexts and is borrowed from the English word 'loan'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3465

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loud voice

Reading

Kanji

大Big 声Voice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大声 (おおごえ)' means 'loud voice'. It refers to a voice that is raised or projected at a high volume, often used to get attention or express strong emotions. This word is commonly used in situations where someone is shouting or speaking loudly. For example: he shouted in a loud voice「彼は大声で叫んだ」(かれはおおごえでさけんだ). Please don't speak in a loud voice here「ここでは大声で話さないでください」(ここではおおごえではなさないでください). The word can also imply a sense of urgency or intensity, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3467

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aircraft

Reading

Kanji

航Sail, Navigate 空Sky, Empty 機Machine, Opportunity

Explanation

The Japanese noun '航空機 (こうくうき)' refers to 'aircraft', which includes any vehicle capable of flight, such as airplanes, helicopters, and gliders. This term is commonly used in technical, formal, or general contexts when discussing aviation or transportation. For example: The aircraft is flying in the sky「航空機が空を飛んでいる」(こうくうきがそらをとんでいる). This airport handles many aircraft「この空港は多くの航空機を扱う」(このくうこうはおおくのこうくうきをあつかう). The word is neutral and can be used in both everyday and professional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3468

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ruins

Reading

Kanji

遺Leave behind 跡Trace, Traces

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遺跡 (いせき)' refers to 'ruins' or 'archaeological remains'. It is commonly used to describe historical sites, ancient structures, or remnants of past civilizations. This word is often associated with places of historical or cultural significance, such as temples, tombs, or settlements. For example: We visited ancient ruins「私たちは古代の遺跡を訪れました」(わたしたちはこだいのいせきをおとずれました). The ruins of the castle are well-preserved「その城の遺跡はよく保存されています」(そのしろのいせきはよくほぞんされています). The term can also be used in academic or archaeological contexts to describe artifacts or sites under study.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3469

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sand

Reading

Kanji

砂Sand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '砂 (すな)' means 'sand'. This word refers to the granular material composed of finely divided rock and mineral particles, typically found on beaches, deserts, and riverbeds. It is commonly used in contexts related to nature, construction, or play. For example: the sand is warm「砂は温かい」(すなはあたたかい). Children are playing in the sand「子供たちが砂で遊んでいる」(こどもたちがすなであそんでいる). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '砂のように流れる時間 (すなのようにながれるじかん)' (time flowing like sand), which conveys the fleeting nature of time.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3470

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ingredient, Component

Reading

Kanji

成Become 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '成分 (せいぶん)' refers to the elements or parts that make up a whole. It is commonly used in contexts such as food, chemistry, or materials to describe the ingredients or components of something. For example: This shampoo contains natural ingredients「このシャンプーは天然成分を含む」(このシャンプーはてんねんせいぶんをふくむ). The components of this machine are very precise「この機械の成分は非常に精密だ」(このきかいのせいぶんはひじょうにせいみつだ). Note that while 'ingredient' is often used for food or cosmetics, 'component' is more general and can apply to machinery, systems, or abstract concepts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3471

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Air ticket

Reading

Kanji

航Sail, Navigate 空Sky, Empty 券Ticket

Explanation

The Japanese noun '航空券 (こうくうけん)' means 'air ticket'. This term refers to a ticket that allows a passenger to travel on an airplane. It is commonly used when discussing travel plans, booking flights, or checking in at airports. For example: I bought an air ticket to Tokyo「東京行きの航空券を買いました」(とうきょうゆきのこうくうけんをかいました). Please show your air ticket at the counter「カウンターで航空券を見せてください」(かうんたーでこうくうけんをみせてください). The word is a combination of '航空 (こうくう)' meaning 'aviation' and '券 (けん)' meaning 'ticket'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3474

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Home

Reading

Kanji

我Self, Ego 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '我が家 (わがや)' means 'home' or 'my/our home'. It is a formal or literary way to refer to one's own home, often carrying a sense of pride, affection, or belonging. This term is commonly used in written language or formal speech. For example: This is my home「ここが我が家です」(ここがわがやです). I returned to my home「我が家に帰った」(わがやにかえった). Note that '我が家' is more poetic or sentimental compared to the more casual '家 (いえ)' or 'うち'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3480

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cook

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コック (kokku)' refers to a 'cook' or 'chef', specifically someone who prepares food professionally. This term is often used in the context of restaurants or kitchens. It is derived from the Dutch word 'kok', which also means 'cook'. For example: The cook is preparing dinner「コックが夕食を準備しています」(コックがゆうしょくをじゅんびしています). I want to become a cook「私はコックになりたいです」(わたしはコックになりたいです). Note that 'コック' is typically used for male cooks, while 'コックさん' or 'シェフ' might be used more generally or respectfully.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3482

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Middle, Interim

Reading

Kanji

中Center 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '中間 (ちゅうかん)' primarily means 'middle' or 'interim'. It refers to the midpoint or intermediate stage of something, such as time, space, or a process. For example: the middle of the year「年の中間」(としのちゅうかん). It can also describe an interim report or status, such as: the interim results of the experiment「実験の中間結果」(じっけんのちゅうかんけっか). This word is often used in academic, business, or technical contexts to indicate a stage between the beginning and the end.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3491

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Outcome

Reading

Kanji

勝Victory 敗Defeat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '勝敗 (しょうはい)' refers to the outcome or result of a competition, match, or battle, specifically whether it is a win or a loss. It is commonly used in contexts involving sports, games, or any competitive scenario. For example: The outcome of the game was decided「試合の勝敗が決まった」(しあいのしょうはいがきまった). The team focused on the outcome「チームは勝敗に集中した」(チームはしょうはいにしゅうちゅうした). This word emphasizes the final result rather than the process of competing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3492

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Training

Reading

Kanji

研Sharpen 修Discipline

Explanation

The Japanese noun '研修 (けんしゅう)' refers to 'training' or 'a training program'. It is commonly used in professional or educational contexts to describe a period of learning or skill development, often for employees or students. For example: I attended a training session「研修に参加しました」(けんしゅうにさんかしました). The company provides training for new employees「会社は新入社員の研修を行います」(かいしゃはしんにゅうしゃいんのけんしゅうをおこないます). This word is often associated with structured programs aimed at improving skills or knowledge in a specific field.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3494

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Deduction

Reading

Kanji

控Refrain, Abstain 除Exclude, Remove

Explanation

The Japanese noun '控除 (こうじょ)' refers to a 'deduction', typically in financial or tax contexts. It is used to describe an amount subtracted from a total, such as taxes, expenses, or allowances. For example: tax deduction「税金の控除」(ぜいきんのこうじょ). The company allows a deduction for travel expenses「会社は旅費の控除を認めている」(かいしゃはりょひのこうじょをみとめている). This term is commonly used in official documents, financial statements, and discussions about income or expenses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3495

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nuclear

Reading

Kanji

原Meadow, Original 子Child 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '原子力 (げんしりょく)' means 'nuclear' and refers to the energy or power derived from atomic reactions, particularly nuclear fission or fusion. This term is commonly used in contexts related to energy production, weapons, and scientific research. For example: nuclear power plant「原子力発電所」(げんしりょくはつでんしょ). The government is promoting nuclear energy「政府は原子力を推進している」(せいふはげんしりょくをすいしんしている). It's important to note that this term carries significant implications due to its association with both energy and weaponry, and its usage often reflects broader societal and political discussions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3497

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mechanism, Organization

Reading

Kanji

機Machine, Opportunity 構Structure, Care

Explanation

The Japanese noun '機構 (きこう)' can mean 'mechanism' or 'organization', depending on the context. When referring to 'mechanism', it describes the physical or functional structure of a system or device. For example: the mechanism of this clock is complex「この時計の機構は複雑だ」(このとけいのきこうはふくざつだ). When referring to 'organization', it describes an organized body or system, such as a company or institution. For example: the organization of this company is efficient「この会社の機構は効率的だ」(このかいしゃのきこうはこうりつてきだ). The word is often used in technical, scientific, or administrative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3498

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mark

Reading

Kanji

印Mark, Seal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '印 (しるし)' means 'mark' or 'sign'. It refers to a visible indication or symbol that represents something, such as a physical mark, a sign of recognition, or a symbol with a specific meaning. It can also imply evidence or proof of something. For example: This mark is a sign of good luck「この印は幸運のしるしです」(このしるしはこううんのしるしです). He left a mark on the wall「彼は壁に印をつけた」(かれはかべにしるしをつけた). The word is often used in contexts involving identification, symbolism, or evidence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3499

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aforementioned

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 述State, Mention

Explanation

The Japanese noun '前述 (ぜんじゅつ)' means 'aforementioned' or 'previously mentioned'. It is used to refer to something that has already been stated or discussed earlier in a conversation, text, or context. This term is often used in formal or written contexts to avoid repetition and to refer back to earlier points. For example: as aforementioned, the plan has changed「前述のとおり、計画は変更されました」(ぜんじゅつのとおり、けいかくはへんこうされました). The aforementioned issue will be addressed later「前述の問題は後で取り上げます」(ぜんじゅつのもんだいはあとでとりあげます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3500

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plateau

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 原Meadow, Original

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高原 (こうげん)' refers to a 'plateau', which is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. This term is commonly used in geography and travel contexts to describe highland areas. For example: The plateau is beautiful「高原は美しい」(こうげんはうつくしい). We went hiking on the plateau「高原でハイキングをしました」(こうげんでハイキングをしました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a state of stability or a high level, such as in economic or emotional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3502

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Capitalism

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 本Book, Origin 主Master 義Righteousness

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資本主義 (しほんしゅぎ)' refers to the economic system known as 'capitalism'. This system is characterized by private ownership of the means of production and the creation of goods or services for profit in a competitive market. It is a fundamental concept in economics and political science. Example sentences include: Capitalism drives innovation「資本主義は革新を促進する」(しほんしゅぎはかくしんをそくしんする). Many countries operate under capitalism「多くの国が資本主義の下で運営されている」(おおくのくにがしほんしゅぎのもとでうんえいされている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3503

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Free

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'フリー (ふりー)' means 'free'. This word is often used to describe something that is without cost, obligation, or restriction. It can be used in various contexts, such as free time, free services, or free software. For example: This Wi-Fi is free「このWi-Fiはフリーです」(このWi-Fiはふりーです). I have free time tomorrow「明日はフリーです」(あしたはふりーです). It's important to note that 'フリー' is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in modern Japanese to convey the concept of freedom or lack of constraints.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3504

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Application

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish 書Write

Explanation

The Japanese noun '願書 (がんしょ)' refers to a formal written application or petition. It is commonly used in contexts such as applying for schools, jobs, or official permits. The term carries a formal tone and is often associated with official or bureaucratic processes. Example sentences: Please submit the application by tomorrow「願書を明日までに提出してください」(がんしょをあしたまでにていしゅつしてください). I filled out the application form「願書に記入しました」(がんしょにきにゅうしました). Note that '願書' is typically used in written or formal contexts, and it implies a request or desire for something to be granted.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3507

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jeans

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ジーパン (jiipan)' refers to 'jeans', a type of trousers made from denim. This term is a loanword derived from the English 'jeans' and is commonly used in everyday conversation. It is often associated with casual wear and is widely recognized in Japanese fashion. Example sentences: I bought new jeans「新しいジーパンを買った」(あたらしいジーパンをかった). She is wearing blue jeans「彼女は青いジーパンを履いている」(かのじょはあおいジーパンをはいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3508

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Image, Video

Reading

Kanji

映Reflect 像Image, Statue

Explanation

The Japanese noun '映像 (えいぞう)' can mean either 'image' or 'video', depending on the context. It refers to visual content, whether static or moving. For example: The image on the screen is clear「画面の映像は鮮明です」(がめんのえいぞうはせんめいです). I watched a video of the event「そのイベントの映像を見ました」(そのイベントのえいぞうをみました). This word is often used in contexts involving media, technology, or visual arts, and it can describe anything from photographs to movies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3509

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noon

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 午Noon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正午 (しょうご)' means 'noon'. It refers specifically to 12:00 PM, the middle of the day when the sun is at its highest point. This word is commonly used in formal or precise contexts, such as schedules, announcements, or official documents. For example: The meeting is at noon「会議は正午です」(かいぎはしょうごです). The train departs at noon「電車は正午に出発します」(でんしゃはしょうごにしゅっぱつします). Note that '正午' is more formal than the casual term 'お昼 (おひる)', which can also mean 'noon' but is often used more broadly to refer to the daytime or lunchtime.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3512

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foundation

Reading

Kanji

基Base, Fundation 盤Tray, Disk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '基盤 (きばん)' refers to a 'foundation' or 'base' upon which something is built or established. It is often used in both literal and figurative contexts, such as the foundation of a building or the foundational principles of a system. For example: The foundation of this building is strong「この建物の基盤は強い」(このたてもののきばんはつよい). The company's success is built on a solid foundation「その会社の成功はしっかりした基盤の上に築かれている」(そのかいしゃのせいこうはしっかりしたきばんのうえにきずかれている). This word is commonly used in discussions about infrastructure, technology, or organizational structures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3514

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Main gate

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 門Gate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正門 (せいもん)' refers to the 'main gate' of a building, institution, or property. It is typically the primary and most formal entrance, often used for ceremonial or official purposes. For example: The main gate of the university is impressive「大学の正門は立派だ」(だいがくのせいもんはりっぱだ). Please enter through the main gate「正門から入ってください」(せいもんからはいってください). This term is commonly used in contexts such as schools, temples, and government buildings to denote the principal entrance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3516

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Square

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 方Direction 形Shape

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正方形 (せいほうけい)' refers to a geometric shape with four equal sides and four right angles, commonly known as a 'square'. This term is used in both mathematical and everyday contexts to describe objects or shapes that fit this definition. For example: This is a square「これは正方形です」(これはせいほうけいです). The table is square「そのテーブルは正方形です」(そのテーブルはせいほうけいです). It's important to note that '正方形' specifically refers to the shape and not to the concept of being fair or equitable, which is a different meaning of the word 'square' in English.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joke

Reading

Kanji

冗Redundant, Superfluous 談Discuss

Explanation

The Japanese noun '冗談 (じょうだん)' means 'joke'. It refers to something said or done to provoke laughter or amusement, often in a playful or lighthearted manner. This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can be part of phrases like '冗談を言う (じょうだんをいう)', which means 'to tell a joke'. For example: That was just a joke「それはただの冗談だった」(それはただのじょうだんだった). Don't take it seriously, it's a joke「真剣に受け取らないで、冗談だよ」(しんけんにうけとらないで、じょうだんだよ). The word can also imply teasing or sarcasm depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3519

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emperor

Reading

Kanji

帝Emperor, Sovereign

Explanation

The Japanese noun '帝 (みかど)' refers to an 'emperor', specifically the sovereign ruler of an empire. This term is deeply rooted in Japanese history and culture, often associated with the imperial family of Japan. It carries a formal and respectful tone, typically used in historical or ceremonial contexts. Example sentences: The emperor resides in the Imperial Palace「帝は皇居に住んでいます」(みかどはこうきょにすんでいます). The emperor's decree was announced「帝の勅令が発表された」(みかどのちょくれいがはっぴょうされた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3520

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Journalism

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ジャーナリズム (jaanarizumu)' refers to the profession or activity of reporting, writing, and editing news for newspapers, magazines, television, or other media. It is a loanword from English and carries the same meaning. This term is often used in discussions about media, ethics, and the role of the press in society. For example: Journalism is important for democracy「ジャーナリズムは民主主義にとって重要です」(じゃーなりずむはみんしゅしゅぎにとってじゅうようです). She works in journalism「彼女はジャーナリズムの仕事をしています」(かのじょはじゃーなりずむのしごとをしています). The word is typically used in formal or professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3521

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opposite sex

Reading

Kanji

異Rare, Different 性Gender, Sex

Explanation

The Japanese noun '異性 (いせい)' refers to the 'opposite sex'. It is commonly used in contexts discussing relationships, gender dynamics, or biological distinctions. For example: He is interested in the opposite sex「彼は異性に興味がある」(かれはいせいに関心がある). The event is for people of the opposite sex to meet「そのイベントは異性が出会うためのものです」(そのイベントはいせいがであうためのものです). This term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3524

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Highway

Reading

Kanji

高High, Expensive 速Quick

Explanation

The Japanese noun '高速 (こうそく)' refers to a 'highway' or 'expressway'. It is commonly used to describe major roads designed for high-speed traffic, often with multiple lanes and limited access points. This term is frequently seen in contexts related to transportation and travel. For example: Let's take the highway「高速を使いましょう」(こうそくをつかいましょう). The highway is crowded today「高速は今日混んでいます」(こうそくはきょうこんでいます). It's important to note that '高速' is often part of compound words, such as '高速道路 (こうそくどうろ)' which specifically means 'expressway'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3526

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number

Reading

Kanji

人Person 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人数 (にんずう)' refers to the 'number of people'. It is commonly used to indicate the count or quantity of individuals in a group, event, or situation. For example: The number of participants is increasing「人数が増えている」(にんずうがふえている). What is the number of people attending the meeting?「会議に参加する人数は何人ですか？」(かいぎにさんかするにんずうはなんにんですか？). This word is often used in contexts like events, gatherings, or any situation where counting people is relevant.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3527

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transfer

Reading

Kanji

譲Hand over, Defer 渡Cross, Transit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '譲渡 (じょうと)' refers to the act of transferring ownership, rights, or property from one party to another. It is commonly used in legal, financial, or business contexts. For example: The transfer of shares was completed「株の譲渡が完了した」(かぶのじょうとがかんりょうした). The land was transferred to the new owner「土地が新しい所有者に譲渡された」(とちがあたらしいしょゆうしゃにじょうとされた). This term is often associated with formal agreements or contracts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3532

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Volunteer

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ボランティア (ぼらんてぃあ)' means 'volunteer'. It refers to a person who offers their time and services willingly and without payment to help others or contribute to a cause. This word is commonly used in contexts related to community service, disaster relief, or charitable activities. For example: I am a volunteer at the hospital「私は病院でボランティアをしています」(わたしはびょういんでぼらんてぃあをしています). Many volunteers helped after the earthquake「多くのボランティアが地震の後に助けました」(おおくのぼらんてぃあがじしんのあとにたすけました). The term is borrowed from English and is widely understood in Japanese society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3533

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Speech

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'スピーチ' (すぴーち) refers to a formal or informal speech, typically given in front of an audience. It is often used in contexts such as public speaking, presentations, or ceremonial addresses. For example: He gave a great speech at the conference「彼は会議で素晴らしいスピーチをした」(かれはかいぎですばらしいすぴーちをした). I need to prepare a speech for the wedding「結婚式のスピーチを準備しなければならない」(けっこんしきのすぴーちをじゅんびしなければならない). The word is borrowed from English and retains a similar meaning, but it is written in katakana to indicate its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3535

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Inside

Reading

Kanji

内Inside 側Side

Explanation

The Japanese noun '内側 (うちがわ)' means 'inside'. It refers to the inner part or interior of something, often used to describe the side that is not visible from the outside. This word is commonly used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: the inside of the box「箱の内側」(はこのうちがわ). She keeps her feelings inside「彼女は感情を内側に秘めている」(かのじょはかんじょうをうちがわにひめている). It can also be used to describe the inner side of a structure or object, such as the inside of a room or a container.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3536

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Army

Reading

Kanji

軍Army 隊Squad

Explanation

The Japanese noun '軍隊 (ぐんたい)' refers to an organized military force, typically a country's army. It is used to describe the collective body of soldiers and military personnel who are trained and equipped for war or defense. This term is often used in contexts related to national defense, military operations, or historical events. For example: The army is strong「軍隊は強い」(ぐんたいはつよい). He joined the army「彼は軍隊に入った」(かれはぐんたいにはいった). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a large, organized group, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3540

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sigh

Reading

Kanji

息Breath

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ため息 (ためいき)' means 'sigh'. It refers to the act of exhaling audibly, often as an expression of relief, frustration, exhaustion, or deep emotion. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe a physical or emotional reaction. For example: she let out a sigh of relief「彼女は安堵のため息をついた」(かのじょはあんどのためいきをついた). He sighed deeply after hearing the news「彼はその知らせを聞いて深いため息をついた」(かれはそのしらせをきいてふかいためいきをついた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a sense of resignation or weariness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3543

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tower

Reading

Kanji

塔Tower

Explanation

The Japanese noun '塔 (とう)' refers to a 'tower', a tall structure that is often used for observation, communication, or as a landmark. This word is commonly used to describe both historical and modern towers, such as the Tokyo Tower or ancient pagodas. For example: The tower is tall「その塔は高い」(そのとうはたかい). We visited the old tower「私たちは古い塔を訪れた」(わたしたちはふるいとうをおとずれた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that stands out prominently, like a 'tower of strength'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3544

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Parties

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '当事 (とうじ)' refers to the 'parties' involved in a particular matter, event, or legal case. It is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe the individuals or groups directly concerned with a specific issue. For example: The parties involved in the dispute reached an agreement「当事者たちは合意に達した」(とうじしゃたちはごういにたっした). The parties to the contract must sign the document「契約の当事者は書類に署名しなければならない」(けいやくのとうじしゃはしょるいにしょめいしなければならない). This term is commonly used in legal, business, and diplomatic settings to specify those directly involved.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3548

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salary

Reading

Kanji

給Supply, Salary 料Materials, Fee

Explanation

The Japanese noun '給料 (きゅうりょう)' refers to the regular payment that an employee receives for their work, typically on a monthly basis. It is commonly used in the context of employment and is a key term when discussing jobs, income, and financial matters. For example: I received my salary「給料をもらった」(きゅうりょうをもらった). His salary is high「彼の給料は高い」(かれのきゅうりょうはたかい). The word is often used in formal or professional settings and is distinct from other terms like '賃金 (ちんぎん)' which can refer to wages or hourly pay.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3550

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

View, Opinion

Reading

Kanji

見See 解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見解 (けんかい)' refers to a person's view or opinion on a particular matter. It is often used in formal or professional contexts to discuss perspectives, interpretations, or conclusions about a topic. For example: His view on the matter is clear「彼の見解は明確です」(かれのけんかいはめいかくです). We need to consider everyone's opinion「皆の見解を考慮する必要があります」(みんなのけんかいをこうりょするひつようがあります). The word is commonly used in discussions, debates, or written analyses to express a well-considered stance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3551

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exception

Reading

Kanji

例Example 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '例外 (れいがい)' means 'exception'. It refers to something that does not follow the general rule or pattern. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe situations, people, or things that are excluded from a standard or norm. For example: there are no exceptions to this rule「このルールには例外はありません」(このルールにはれいがいはありません). He is an exception to the usual trend「彼は通常の傾向の例外です」(かれはつうじょうのけいこうのれいがいです). The word can also be used in phrases like '例外なく (れいがいなく)', meaning 'without exception'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3552

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

UN

Reading

Kanji

国Country 連Take along

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国連 (こくれん)' is an abbreviation for '国際連合 (こくさいれんごう)', which translates to 'United Nations' or 'UN'. This term is commonly used in news, politics, and international relations contexts. It refers to the international organization founded in 1945 to promote peace, security, and cooperation among countries worldwide. Example sentences: The UN plays a crucial role in global peacekeeping「国連は世界の平和維持に重要な役割を果たしている」(こくれんはせかいのへいわいじにじゅうようなやくわりをはたしている). Japan is a member of the UN「日本は国連のメンバーです」(にほんはこくれんのメンバーです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3553

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign minister

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 相Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外相 (がいしょう)' refers to the 'foreign minister', the government official responsible for a country's foreign affairs. This term is commonly used in political contexts to describe the person who oversees international relations, diplomacy, and foreign policy. For example: The foreign minister attended the summit「外相はサミットに出席した」(がいしょうはサミットにしゅっせきした). The foreign minister announced a new policy「外相は新しい政策を発表した」(がいしょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). This term is specific to political roles and is not used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3555

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 相Mutual

Explanation

The Japanese noun '真相 (しんそう)' refers to the 'truth' or 'real facts' about a situation, event, or matter. It is often used in contexts where uncovering or revealing the actual state of affairs is important, such as in investigations, news reporting, or personal revelations. For example: The truth about the incident was revealed「事件の真相が明らかになった」(じけんのしんそうがあきらかになった). We must uncover the truth「真相を明らかにしなければならない」(しんそうをあきらかにしなければならない). This word carries a sense of depth and seriousness, often implying that the truth is not immediately apparent and requires effort to discover.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3557

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accent

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'アクセント (akusento)' refers to an 'accent'. This can mean the emphasis placed on a particular syllable or word in speech, or it can refer to a distinctive way of pronouncing a language associated with a particular country, area, or social group. For example: She has a British accent「彼女はイギリスのアクセントがある」(かのじょはイギリスのアクセントがある). The accent in this word is on the second syllable「この単語のアクセントは二番目の音節にある」(このたんごのアクセントはにばんめのおんせつにある). The word is borrowed from English and is used in a similar context in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3561

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Note

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'メモ (めも)' means 'note'. It refers to a brief written record of something, often used to help remember information or tasks. This word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: I wrote a note「メモを書いた」(めもをかいた). Please take a note of this「これをメモしてください」(これをめもしてください). The word is often used in office or study settings to refer to quick reminders or important points.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3563

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sutra

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '経 (きょう)' refers to 'sutra', which are sacred texts or scriptures in Buddhism. These texts often contain teachings, doctrines, or discourses attributed to the Buddha. The term is commonly used in religious contexts and is an essential part of Buddhist practice. For example: I read a sutra「経を読みました」(きょうをよみました). The monk chanted the sutra「僧侶が経を唱えました」(そうりょがきょうをとなえました). Note that '経' can also refer to the passage of time or longitude in other contexts, but its primary and most common meaning is 'sutra' in religious contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Command

Reading

Kanji

司Director 令Orders

Explanation

The Japanese noun '司令 (しれい)' refers to 'command' or 'orders' in a military or organizational context. It is often used to describe the authority or instructions given by a commanding officer. For example: The general issued a command「将軍が司令を出した」(しょうぐんがしれいをだした). The headquarters is in charge of command「司令部が司令を担当している」(しれいぶがしれいをたんとうしている). This term is typically used in formal or hierarchical settings, emphasizing authority and control.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3571

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Just before

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '直前 (ちょくぜん)' means 'just before.' It refers to the immediate period before an event or action takes place. This word is often used to describe the timeframe immediately prior to a specific event, such as departure, start time, or occurrence. For example: just before the departure of the train 「電車の出発の直前」 (でんしゃのしゅっぱつのちょくぜん). I realized it just before the deadline 「締め切りの直前に気づいた」 (しめきりのちょくぜんにきづいた). It can also be used to describe physical proximity, such as being right in front of something, but that usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commercial

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コマーシャル (komaasharu)' refers to a 'commercial' or 'advertisement', typically seen on television or radio. It is a loanword derived from English and is widely used in Japanese media. Example sentences: I saw a funny commercial on TV「テレビで面白いコマーシャルを見た」(テレビでおもしろいコマーシャルをみた). This commercial is very creative「このコマーシャルはとてもクリエイティブだ」(このコマーシャルはとてもクリエイティブだ). The term is often used in everyday conversation when discussing advertisements or media content.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3573

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Customs

Reading

Kanji

税Tax 関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese noun '税関 (ぜいかん)' refers to 'customs', specifically the government agency responsible for regulating the flow of goods into and out of a country, as well as collecting duties and taxes on imports and exports. This term is commonly used in contexts related to international travel, shipping, and trade. For example: I went through customs「税関を通りました」(ぜいかんをとおりました). The customs officer checked my luggage「税関の職員が私の荷物をチェックしました」(ぜいかんのしょくいんがわたしのにもつをチェックしました). It is important to note that '税関' is often associated with airports, seaports, and border crossings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Physics

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物理 (ぶつり)' refers to the field of 'physics', the natural science that studies matter, energy, and their interactions. It is commonly used in academic and scientific contexts. For example: I study physics at university「私は大学で物理を勉強しています」(わたしはだいがくでぶつりをべんきょうしています). Physics is a difficult subject「物理は難しい科目です」(ぶつりはむずかしいかもくです). The word can also appear in compound terms, such as '物理学者 (ぶつりがくしゃ)' (physicist) or '物理現象 (ぶつりげんしょう)' (physical phenomenon).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3575

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Director

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理事 (りじ)' refers to a 'director' or 'executive' in an organization, company, or institution. This term is commonly used in the context of corporate or organizational governance, where a '理事' is a member of a board or a managing body responsible for decision-making and oversight. For example: He is a director of the company「彼は会社の理事です」(かれはかいしゃのりじです). The board of directors held a meeting「理事会が会議を開きました」(りじかいがかいぎをひらきました). The term can also be used in non-profit organizations, schools, or other institutions where a governing body exists.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3576

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquaintance

Reading

Kanji

知Know 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知り合い (しりあい)' refers to someone you know, but not closely. It is used to describe a person with whom you have a casual or superficial relationship, rather than a close friend or family member. For example: He is just an acquaintance「彼はただの知り合いです」(かれはただのしりあいです). I met an acquaintance at the station「駅で知り合いに会いました」(えきでしりあいにはいました). The term emphasizes a level of familiarity without implying deep personal connection.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3577

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exclusive

Reading

Kanji

専Exclusive, Specialty 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese noun '専用 (せんよう)' means 'exclusive' or 'dedicated'. It refers to something that is reserved or designed for a specific purpose, person, or group. For example: This is an exclusive parking area「ここは専用の駐車場です」(ここはせんようのちゅうしゃじょうです). This is a dedicated line for customer service「これはお客様専用の電話回線です」(これはおきゃくさませんようのでんわかいせんです). The term is often used in contexts where something is restricted or specialized, such as '専用席 (せんようせき) (reserved seat)' or '専用アプリ (せんようアプリ) (dedicated app)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3578

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Others

Reading

Kanji

他Other (亻)者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '他者 (たしゃ)' means 'others' or 'other people'. It refers to individuals who are distinct from oneself, often emphasizing their separateness or different perspectives. This term is commonly used in philosophical, psychological, and social contexts to discuss relationships, empathy, or the distinction between self and others. For example: understanding others is important「他者を理解することは大切です」(たしゃをりかいすることはたいせつです). Respecting others' opinions is essential「他者の意見を尊重することが必要です」(たしゃのいけんをそんちょうすることがひつようです). The word carries a nuanced sense of recognizing the individuality and autonomy of others.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Politician

Reading

Kanji

政Government, Politics 治Cure, Reign 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '政治家 (せいじか)' refers to a 'politician', someone who is professionally involved in politics, especially as a holder of an elected office. This term is used to describe individuals who are engaged in the activities associated with the governance of a country or area, especially the debate between parties having power. For example: That politician is very popular「あの政治家はとても人気がある」(あのせいじかはとてもにんきがある). He became a politician after retiring from the military「彼は軍隊を引退した後、政治家になった」(かれはぐんたいをいんたいしたあと、せいじかになった). The term can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it carries a neutral connotation unless specified otherwise by the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3581

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beginner

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初心 (しょしん)' refers to the state of being a beginner or having a beginner's mindset. It is often used to describe someone who is new to a skill, activity, or field, emphasizing their lack of experience. This term can also carry a positive connotation, highlighting the enthusiasm and openness that beginners often have. For example: He has the heart of a beginner「彼は初心を持っている」(かれはしょしんをもっている). I want to keep a beginner's mindset「初心を忘れたくない」(しょしんをわすれたくない). The term is commonly used in contexts like martial arts, arts, or learning new skills, where maintaining a beginner's mindset is valued.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3583

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recently

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'このごろ (このごろ)' means 'recently' or 'these days'. It is used to refer to a period of time close to the present, often to describe changes, trends, or personal experiences. For example: Recently, I've been busy「このごろ、忙しいです」(このごろ、いそがしいです). The weather has been nice recently「このごろ、天気がいいです」(このごろ、てんきがいいです). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can also imply a sense of continuity or ongoing state.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3584

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bottle

Reading

Kanji

瓶Bottle, Jar

Explanation

The Japanese noun '瓶 (びん)' refers to a 'bottle', typically made of glass or plastic, used for storing liquids such as water, juice, or alcohol. It is a common word in everyday Japanese and can be used in various contexts. For example: Please bring a bottle of water「水の瓶を持ってきてください」(みずのびんをもってきてください). The milk is in the bottle「牛乳は瓶の中です」(ぎゅうにゅうはびんのなかです). The word can also be used metaphorically or in idiomatic expressions, but its primary meaning remains 'bottle'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

各Each 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese noun '各種 (かくしゅ)' means 'various' or 'different kinds'. It is used to refer to a variety of types or categories of something. This word is often used in formal or business contexts to describe a range of options or items. For example: We offer various services「私たちは各種サービスを提供しています」(わたしたちはかくしゅサービスをていきょうしています). The store sells various types of fruits「その店は各種の果物を売っています」(そのみせはかくしゅのくだものをうっています). Note that '各種' is typically followed by the particle 'の' when modifying a noun, as in '各種の商品 (かくしゅのしょうひん) (various products)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3587

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ankle

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient 首Neck

Explanation

The Japanese noun '足首 (あしくび)' refers to the 'ankle', the joint connecting the foot to the leg. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: I twisted my ankle「足首を捻った」(あしくびをねじった). Her ankle is swollen「彼女の足首が腫れている」(かのじょのあしくびがはれている). The word is often used in contexts related to injuries, sports, or describing physical characteristics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3588

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leader

Reading

Kanji

首Neck 脳Brain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '首脳 (しゅのう)' refers to a leader or a head, particularly in the context of government or high-ranking officials. It is often used to describe the top decision-makers in a country or organization, such as the president, prime minister, or other key figures. For example: The leaders of the two countries met「両国の首脳が会談した」(りょうこくのしゅのうがかいだんした). The summit was attended by world leaders「世界の首脳がサミットに出席した」(せかいのしゅのうがサミットにしゅっせきした). This term is formal and is typically used in political or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3590

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Prior

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事前 (じぜん)' refers to something that is done or prepared beforehand, in advance, or prior to an event. It is often used in contexts where preparation or planning is emphasized. For example: Please inform us in advance「事前に知らせてください」(じぜんにしらせてください). We need prior approval「事前の承認が必要です」(じぜんのしょうにんがひつようです). The word can also be used to describe actions or arrangements made before a specific event or deadline. It is commonly used in formal or professional settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ショー (しょー)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'show'. It is commonly used to refer to various types of performances or entertainment events, such as concerts, theater performances, or television programs. For example: I watched a great show last night「昨夜、素晴らしいショーを見た」(さくや、すばらしいしょーをみた). The fashion show was amazing「そのファッションショーは素晴らしかった」(そのふぁっしょんしょーはすばらしかった). This word is often used in contexts related to entertainment and media.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3594

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ethics

Reading

Kanji

倫Principles, Ethics 理Reason

Explanation

The Japanese noun '倫理 (りんり)' means 'ethics'. It refers to the moral principles or values that govern a person's behavior or the conduct of a group. This word is often used in discussions about philosophy, morality, or professional conduct. For example: business ethics「ビジネスの倫理」(びじねすのりんり). The ethics of this decision are questionable「この決定の倫理は疑問だ」(このけっていのりんりはぎもんだ). It is important to note that '倫理' is a formal term and is commonly used in academic, professional, or serious contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3595

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Morning glory

Reading

Kanji

朝Morning 顔Face

Explanation

The Japanese noun '朝顔 (あさがお)' refers to the 'morning glory' flower, known for its trumpet-shaped blooms that typically open in the morning and close by afternoon. This flower is often associated with summer in Japan and is a popular subject in traditional Japanese art and poetry. Example sentences: The morning glory is blooming「朝顔が咲いている」(あさがおがさいている). I planted morning glories in my garden「庭に朝顔を植えた」(にわにあさがおをうえた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3598

Composition

kanji

Handwriting