Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Lost item

Reading

Kanji

落Fall 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '落とし物 (おとしもの)' refers to an item that has been lost or left behind by someone. It is commonly used in public spaces like trains, buses, or parks, where people might accidentally leave their belongings. For example: I found a lost item「落とし物を見つけました」(おとしものをみつけました). Please take your lost item to the lost and found「落とし物を遺失物係に届けてください」(おとしものをいしつぶつがかりにとどけてください). The term emphasizes the accidental nature of losing something and is often used in announcements or notices to help reunite lost items with their owners.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3797

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Person in charge

Reading

Kanji

係Person in charge, Connection

Explanation

The Japanese noun '係 (かかり)' refers to a person who is in charge of a specific task, role, or responsibility. It is often used in workplaces, organizations, or events to designate someone responsible for a particular duty. For example: Please ask the person in charge「係の人に聞いてください」(かかりのひとにきいてください). The person in charge of this project is Tanaka「このプロジェクトの係は田中さんです」(このプロジェクトのかかりはたなかさんです). The term can also be used in contexts like 'customer service representative' (お客様係, おきゃくさまかかり) or 'event coordinator' (イベント係, イベントかかり).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3798

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soccer

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サッカー (さっかー)' refers to the sport of soccer, also known as football in many countries. It is a popular sport in Japan, with many professional leagues and a strong following. The word is borrowed from English and is written in katakana to indicate its foreign origin. Example sentences: I like soccer「サッカーが好きです」(さっかーがすきです). He plays soccer every weekend「彼は毎週末サッカーをします」(かれはまいしゅうまつさっかーをします).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3799

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Provision

Reading

Kanji

支Branch, Support 給Supply, Salary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '支給 (しきゅう)' refers to the act of providing or supplying something, often in an official or formal capacity. It is commonly used in contexts such as salary payments, benefits, or allowances provided by an organization or government. For example: The company provides a transportation allowance「会社は交通費を支給する」(かいしゃはこうつうひをしきゅうする). The government provides subsidies to farmers「政府は農家に補助金を支給する」(せいふはのうかにほじょきんをしきゅうする). The word emphasizes the formal or systematic nature of the provision, distinguishing it from casual or informal giving.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3801

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Typical, Archetype

Reading

Kanji

典Code, Rule 型Model, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '典型 (てんけい)' refers to something that is representative or characteristic of a particular type, category, or group. It can mean 'typical' when describing something that embodies the usual qualities of a group, or 'archetype' when referring to a perfect example or model of something. For example: He is a typical example of a hardworking student「彼は勤勉な学生の典型だ」(かれはきんべんながくせいのてんけいだ). This story is an archetype of Japanese folklore「この物語は日本の民話の典型です」(このものがたりはにほんのみんわのてんけいです). The word is often used in formal or academic contexts to describe something that perfectly represents a category or idea.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3802

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Downstream, Lower class

Reading

Kanji

下Down 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '下流 (かりゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'downstream', referring to the part of a river or stream that is closer to its mouth or the direction in which the water flows. For example: The village is located downstream「その村は下流にあります」(そのむらはかりゅうにあります). The second meaning is 'lower class', referring to a social or economic class that is considered to be at the bottom of a hierarchy. For example: He comes from a lower-class family「彼は下流の家庭出身です」(かれはかりゅうのかていしゅっしんです). It's important to note that the context in which this word is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3804

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Current

Reading

Kanji

海Sea 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '海流 (かいりゅう)' refers to the flow or current of the ocean. It specifically describes the movement of water in the sea, which can be influenced by factors such as wind, temperature, and the Earth's rotation. This term is often used in scientific or geographical contexts. For example: The ocean current is strong「海流が強い」(かいりゅうがつよい). The Kuroshio Current is a well-known ocean current「黒潮は有名な海流です」(くろしおはゆうめいなかいりゅうです). Understanding 海流 is important for navigation, marine biology, and climate studies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3805

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Third rate

Reading

Kanji

三Three 流Flow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '三流 (さんりゅう)' means 'third-rate'. It is used to describe something of low quality, inferior, or not up to standard. This term is often used in contexts like ranking, performance, or quality, where things are categorized into first-rate (一流), second-rate (二流), and third-rate (三流). For example: That restaurant is third-rate「あのレストランは三流だ」(あのレストランはさんりゅうだ). His skills are third-rate「彼の技術は三流だ」(かれのぎじゅつはさんりゅうだ). Note that this term can carry a negative connotation, so it should be used carefully.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3807

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stomach

Reading

Kanji

胃Stomach

Explanation

The Japanese noun '胃 (い)' refers to the stomach, the organ in the body that digests food. It is commonly used in medical, anatomical, and everyday contexts. For example: My stomach hurts「胃が痛い」(いがいたい). He has a strong stomach「彼は胃が強い」(かれはいがつよい). The word can also appear in compound terms like '胃腸 (いちょう)' (stomach and intestines) or '胃炎 (いえん)' (gastritis).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3808

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Encounter

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出会い (であい)' refers to a meeting or encounter, often implying a chance or significant meeting between people. It can be used in various contexts, such as meeting someone for the first time, a romantic encounter, or even a meaningful interaction. For example: I had a fateful encounter「運命的な出会いがあった」(うんめいてきなであいがあった). This park is a place of many encounters「この公園は多くの出会いの場所です」(このこうえんはおおくのであいのばしょです). The word carries a nuance of something meaningful or serendipitous, rather than just a casual meeting.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3809

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ratio

Reading

Kanji

比Compare, Ratio

Explanation

The Japanese noun '比 (ひ)' means 'ratio'. It refers to the quantitative relation between two amounts showing the number of times one value contains or is contained within the other. This term is commonly used in mathematical, scientific, and comparative contexts. For example: the ratio of men to women is 2 to 1「男性と女性の比は2対1です」(だんせいとじょせいのひはにたいいちです). The ratio of sugar to flour is 1 to 3「砂糖と小麦粉の比は1対3です」(さとうとこむぎこのひはいちたいさんです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3810

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Midnight

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜中 (よなか)' refers to the middle of the night, typically around midnight. It is used to describe the time period when most people are asleep. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing when an event occurs or when someone is awake during this time. For example: I woke up at midnight「夜中に目が覚めた」(よなかにめがさめた). The party lasted until midnight「パーティーは夜中まで続いた」(パーティーはよなかまでつづいた). It's important to note that '夜中' specifically refers to the time around midnight, not just any time during the night.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3811

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Flood

Reading

Kanji

洪Flood, Vast 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洪水 (こうずい)' means 'flood'. It refers to an overflow of water that submerges land, often caused by heavy rainfall, overflowing rivers, or other natural phenomena. This word is commonly used in weather reports, disaster warnings, and discussions about natural events. For example: The flood caused significant damage「洪水は大きな被害をもたらした」(こうずいはおおきなひがいをもたらした). The river overflowed and caused a flood「川が氾濫して洪水が起きた」(かわがはんらんしてこうずいがおきた). Note that '洪水' can also be used metaphorically to describe an overwhelming amount of something, such as information or emotions, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3813

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grandfather

Reading

Kanji

祖Ancestor 父Father

Explanation

The Japanese noun '祖父 (そふ)' refers to one's paternal grandfather. It is a formal term used to denote the father of one's father. This word is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese when referring to or addressing one's grandfather. For example: My grandfather is kind「私の祖父は優しい」(わたしのそふはやさしい). I visited my grandfather「祖父を訪ねた」(そふをたずねた). It's important to note that '祖父' specifically refers to the paternal grandfather, while '外祖父 (がいそふ)' is used for the maternal grandfather, though '祖父' can sometimes be used more generally in casual contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3815

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Area

Reading

Kanji

面Face, Surface 積Accumulate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '面積 (めんせき)' refers to the 'area' of a surface or a two-dimensional space. It is commonly used in mathematical, geographical, and everyday contexts to describe the size of a space, such as land, rooms, or objects. For example: The area of this room is 20 square meters「この部屋の面積は20平方メートルです」(このへやのめんせきは20へいほうメートルです). The area of the park is large「公園の面積は広いです」(こうえんのめんせきはひろいです). This word is often used in technical or formal contexts, but it can also appear in casual conversations when discussing space or size.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3816

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Washing

Reading

Kanji

洗Wash 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '洗い物 (あらいもの)' refers to items that need to be washed or are being washed, such as dishes, laundry, or other washable objects. It is commonly used in household contexts. For example: I will do the washing「洗い物をします」(あらいものをします). The washing is piling up「洗い物がたまっている」(あらいものがたまっている). This word is often used in daily conversations about chores or cleaning tasks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3817

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beauty

Reading

Kanji

美Beautiful 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '美人 (びじん)' refers to a beautiful woman or a beauty. It is commonly used to describe someone who is physically attractive, often emphasizing facial beauty. The term can be used in both formal and informal contexts, but it is generally considered a compliment. For example: She is a beauty「彼女は美人だ」(かのじょはびじんだ). That actress is a famous beauty「あの女優は有名な美人だ」(あのじょゆうはゆうめいなびじんだ). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions or proverbs, such as '美人薄命 (びじんはくめい)', which means 'beautiful women often have unfortunate fates.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3818

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ally

Reading

Kanji

味Flavor 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '味方 (みかた)' means 'ally' or 'someone on your side'. It refers to a person or group that supports or fights alongside you, often in a conflict, competition, or challenging situation. This word is commonly used in contexts involving teamwork, loyalty, or solidarity. For example: He is my ally「彼は私の味方です」(かれはわたしのみかたです). We need more allies to win this battle「この戦いに勝つためにもっと味方が必要だ」(このたたかいにかつためにもっとみかたがひつようだ). The word can also imply emotional support, as in 'She is always on my side'「彼女はいつも私の味方です」(かのじょはいつもわたしのみかたです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3819

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oil painting

Reading

Kanji

油Oil 絵Picture

Explanation

The Japanese noun '油絵 (あぶらえ)' refers to 'oil painting', a type of painting created using pigments mixed with oil, typically linseed oil. This term is used to describe both the art form and individual works created in this medium. For example: She is good at oil painting「彼女は油絵が上手です」(かのじょはあぶらえがじょうずです). This museum has many oil paintings「この美術館には油絵がたくさんあります」(このびじゅつかんにはあぶらえがたくさんあります). The term is commonly used in art-related contexts and discussions about visual arts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3822

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Manager

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部長 (ぶちょう)' refers to a 'manager' or 'head of a department' in a company or organization. This term is commonly used in professional settings to denote someone who holds a leadership position within a specific department. For example: The manager is busy「部長は忙しい」(ぶちょうはいそがしい). I will report to the manager「部長に報告します」(ぶちょうにほうこくします). The term emphasizes the hierarchical structure in Japanese workplaces and is often used with respect.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3824

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hormone, Offal

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ホルモン (horumon)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to 'hormones,' which are chemical substances produced in the body that regulate various physiological processes. For example: Hormones affect mood「ホルモンは気分に影響する」(ホルモンはきぶんにえいきょうする). The second meaning refers to 'offal,' which is the internal organs of animals used as food, particularly in Japanese cuisine. For example: I like grilled offal「ホルモン焼きが好きです」(ホルモンやきがすきです). It's important to note that the context in which 'ホルモン' is used will determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3825

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Philosophy

Reading

Kanji

理Reason 念Thought

Explanation

The Japanese noun '理念 (りねん)' refers to a fundamental principle, ideal, or philosophy that serves as the guiding belief or concept behind something. It is often used in formal or academic contexts to describe the core values or theoretical foundation of an organization, system, or ideology. For example: The company's philosophy is based on sustainability「その会社の理念は持続可能性に基づいている」(そのかいしゃのりねんはじぞくかのうせいにもとづいている). The educational philosophy emphasizes creativity「その教育理念は創造性を重視している」(そのきょういくりねんはそうぞうせいをじゅうししている). This word is commonly used in discussions about ethics, governance, or long-term visions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3826

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Justice

Reading

Kanji

正Correct 義Righteousness

Explanation

The Japanese noun '正義 (せいぎ)' means 'justice'. It refers to the concept of moral rightness based on ethics, law, fairness, and equity. This word is often used in contexts related to law, morality, and societal norms. For example: He fights for justice「彼は正義のために戦う」(かれはせいぎのためにたたかう). Justice is important in society「正義は社会において重要だ」(せいぎはしゃかいにおいてじゅうようだ). The term can also be used in philosophical or ethical discussions, emphasizing the importance of fairness and moral integrity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3829

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pupil

Reading

Kanji

瞳Pupil

Explanation

The Japanese noun '瞳 (ひとみ)' primarily refers to the 'pupil' of the eye, the black circular opening in the center of the iris. It can also poetically or metaphorically refer to the eyes themselves, often evoking a sense of beauty or depth. For example: Her pupils are beautiful「彼女の瞳は美しい」(かのじょのひとみはうつくしい). The child's eyes sparkled「子供の瞳が輝いていた」(こどものひとみがかがやいていた). This word is often used in literary or emotional contexts to emphasize the expressiveness or allure of someone's eyes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3835

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Garage

Reading

Kanji

車Car 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '車庫 (しゃこ)' refers to a 'garage', a structure or space where vehicles, particularly cars, are stored or parked. It is commonly used in contexts related to housing, parking, or vehicle maintenance. For example: The car is in the garage「車は車庫にあります」(くるまはしゃこにあります). We built a new garage「新しい車庫を建てました」(あたらしいしゃこをたてました). The term is straightforward and primarily used in practical, everyday situations involving vehicles.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3837

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Safe

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 庫Warehouse

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金庫 (きんこ)' refers to a 'safe' or 'vault', typically used to store valuable items such as money, jewelry, or important documents. It is commonly found in homes, businesses, or banks. For example: The money is kept in the safe「お金は金庫に保管されています」(おかねはきんこにほかんされています). They opened the safe to retrieve the documents「彼らは書類を取り出すために金庫を開けました」(かれらはしょるいをとりだすためにきんこをあけました). The word can also metaphorically refer to a secure place or repository for something valuable.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3838

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kimono

Reading

Kanji

着Arrive, Wear 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '着物 (きもの)' refers to a traditional Japanese garment. It is a long robe with wide sleeves, tied with a sash called an obi. Kimonos are typically worn on special occasions such as weddings, tea ceremonies, and festivals. Example sentences: She is wearing a beautiful kimono「彼女は美しい着物を着ています」(かのじょはうつくしいきものをきています). I bought a kimono for the festival「祭りのために着物を買いました」(まつりのためにきものをかいました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3842

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Colonization

Reading

Kanji

植Plant 民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '植民 (しょくみん)' refers to the act or process of establishing a colony or colonies. It is often used in historical or political contexts to describe the settlement and control of one country or territory by another. For example: The colonization of America by Europeans「ヨーロッパ人によるアメリカの植民」(よーろっぱじんによるあめりかのしょくみん). Japan's colonization of Korea in the early 20th century「20世紀初頭の日本による朝鮮の植民」(にじゅっせいきしょとうのにほんによるちょうせんのしょくみん). This term is typically used in formal or academic discussions and carries a neutral to negative connotation depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3843

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rights

Reading

Kanji

人Person 権Rights, Authority

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人権 (じんけん)' refers to 'human rights'. It is used to describe the fundamental rights and freedoms that belong to every individual, such as the right to life, liberty, and equality. This term is often used in legal, political, and social contexts. For example: Human rights must be respected「人権は尊重されなければならない」(じんけんはそんちょうされなければならない). The government is working to protect human rights「政府は人権を守るために働いている」(せいふはじんけんをまもるためにはたらいている). The concept of '人権' is deeply rooted in the idea of universal dignity and fairness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3844

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eel

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ウナギ' refers to the freshwater eel, a common ingredient in Japanese cuisine. It is particularly famous for being used in dishes like 'unadon' (grilled eel over rice) and 'unagi sushi'. The word is often associated with summer in Japan, as eating eel is believed to provide stamina during the hot season. For example: I ate grilled eel「ウナギを食べた」(うなぎをたべた). This restaurant serves delicious eel「このレストランは美味しいウナギを出す」(このレストランはおいしいうなぎをだす). Note that 'ウナギ' is written in katakana, which is typical for names of animals or foods in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3847

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

License

Reading

Kanji

免Excuse, Exempt 許Permit, Allow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '免許 (めんきょ)' refers to an official permission or license granted by an authority, allowing someone to perform a specific activity or profession. It is commonly used in contexts such as driving licenses, professional certifications, or permits. For example: I got my driver's license「運転免許を取得しました」(うんてんめんきょをしゅとくしました). He has a teaching license「彼は教員免許を持っています」(かれはきょういんめんきょをもっています). The term emphasizes the formal and legal aspect of being authorized to do something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3849

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Restraint

Reading

Kanji

抑Restrain, Suppress 制System, Control

Explanation

The Japanese noun '抑制 (よくせい)' means 'restraint' or 'control'. It refers to the act of holding back or limiting something, often used in contexts involving emotions, actions, or processes. For example: He showed great restraint in the argument「彼は議論で抑制を示した」(かれはぎろんでよくせいをしめした). The government imposed restrictions to control inflation「政府はインフレを抑制するために制限を課した」(せいふはインフレをよくせいするためにせいげんをかした). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to describe the act of suppressing or managing something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3850

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Humidity

Reading

Kanji

湿Damp, Moist 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湿度 (しつど)' refers to 'humidity', which is the amount of water vapor present in the air. It is commonly used in weather forecasts, discussions about climate, or when describing the comfort level of an environment. For example: The humidity is high today「今日は湿度が高い」(きょうはしつどがたかい). I don't like high humidity「湿度が高いのは嫌い」(しつどがたかいのはきらい). This word is often paired with adjectives like 高い (たかい, high) or 低い (ひくい, low) to describe the level of humidity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3851

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Humidity

Reading

Kanji

湿Damp, Moist 気Spirit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '湿気 (しっけ)' refers to 'humidity' or 'moisture in the air'. It is commonly used to describe the dampness or wetness in the atmosphere, especially during rainy seasons or in humid climates. For example: The humidity is high today「今日は湿気が多い」(きょうはしっけがおおい). This room has a lot of humidity「この部屋は湿気が多い」(このへやはしっけがおおい). The word can also be used to describe the feeling of dampness on objects or surfaces, such as '湿気を感じる (しっけをかんじる)' (to feel the humidity).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3853

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Capital

Reading

Kanji

首Neck 都Metropolis

Explanation

The Japanese noun '首都 (しゅと)' refers to the capital city of a country or region. It is used to denote the primary city where the government is based and often serves as the political, cultural, and economic center. For example: Tokyo is the capital of Japan「東京は日本の首都です」(とうきょうはにほんのしゅとです). Paris is the capital of France「パリはフランスの首都です」(ぱりはふらんすのしゅとです). The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3855

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Above

Reading

Kanji

上Up 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '上記 (じょうき)' means 'above' or 'the above-mentioned'. It is used to refer to something that has been previously mentioned or written in a text. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts, such as documents, reports, or academic papers. For example: as mentioned above「上記の通り」(じょうきのとおり). Please refer to the above section「上記のセクションを参照してください」(じょうきのセクションをさんしょうしてください). It is important to note that '上記' is often used to avoid repetition and to make the text more concise.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3856

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contrast

Reading

Kanji

対Against 照Shine, Illuminate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '対照 (たいしょう)' means 'contrast'. It refers to the state of being strikingly different from something else, typically in a way that highlights their differences. This word is often used in contexts where two or more things are compared to emphasize their dissimilarities. For example: the contrast between light and dark「光と闇の対照」(ひかりとやみのたいしょう). The contrast between the two cultures is striking「二つの文化の対照は際立っている」(ふたつのぶんかのたいしょうはきわだっている). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as contrasting ideas or theories.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3857

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Motorcycle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'バイク (ばいく)' refers to a motorcycle. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe a two-wheeled motor vehicle. It is important to note that while 'バイク' specifically refers to motorcycles, it is sometimes colloquially used to refer to bicycles in certain contexts, though this usage is less common and can be considered informal. Example sentences: I ride a motorcycle to work「私はバイクで仕事に行きます」(わたしはばいくでしごとにいきます). He bought a new motorcycle「彼は新しいバイクを買いました」(かれはあたらしいばいくをかいました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3858

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenness

Reading

Kanji

不Not 意Idea

Explanation

The Japanese noun '不意 (ふい)' refers to something happening suddenly or unexpectedly. It is often used to describe events or actions that catch someone off guard. For example: He was taken by surprise「彼は不意をつかれた」(かれはふいをつかれた). The suddenness of the storm surprised everyone「嵐の不意さに皆驚いた」(あらしのふいさにみなおどろいた). This word is commonly used in contexts where the unexpected nature of an event is emphasized.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3859

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guard

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ガード (gaado)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'guard'. It is commonly used in contexts related to protection, security, or defense. For example, in sports, it refers to a defensive position or action, such as in basketball or martial arts. It can also refer to physical barriers or protective gear. Example sentences: He is a good guard「彼は良いガードだ」(かれはよいガードだ). Please lower the guard rail「ガードレールを下げてください」(ガードレールをさげてください). The word is versatile and often used in both literal and metaphorical senses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3861

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Radiation

Reading

Kanji

放Release 射Shoot

Explanation

The Japanese noun '放射 (ほうしゃ)' refers to 'radiation'. This term is commonly used in scientific, medical, and environmental contexts to describe the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles, especially high-energy particles that cause ionization. For example: radiation therapy「放射線治療」(ほうしゃせんちりょう). The radiation level is high「放射線レベルが高い」(ほうしゃせんレベルがたかい). It's important to note that this word is often used in compound terms, such as '放射線 (ほうしゃせん)' (radiation rays) or '放射能 (ほうしゃのう)' (radioactivity).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3862

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scholar

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学者 (がくしゃ)' refers to a person who is highly educated and specializes in a particular field of study, such as a scholar or academic. It is commonly used to describe individuals who conduct research or contribute to knowledge in areas like science, literature, or history. Example sentences: He is a famous scholar「彼は有名な学者です」(かれはゆうめいながくしゃです). The scholar published a new book「その学者は新しい本を出版しました」(そのがくしゃはあたらしいほんをしゅっぱんしました). Note that '学者' emphasizes expertise and academic contribution, distinguishing it from more general terms like '学生 (がくせい)' (student).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3863

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rumor, Reputation

Reading

Kanji

評Evaluate 判Judge, Stamp

Explanation

The Japanese noun '評判 (ひょうばん)' can mean either 'reputation' or 'rumor', depending on the context. When referring to 'reputation', it describes the general opinion or esteem that people have about someone or something. For example: This restaurant has a good reputation「このレストランは評判がいい」(このレストランはひょうばんがいい). When referring to 'rumor', it describes information or stories that are spread informally, often without verification. For example: There is a rumor about him「彼についての評判がある」(かれについてのひょうばんがある). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings, and its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3864

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 観View

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外観 (がいかん)' refers to the external appearance or outward look of something, such as a building, object, or even a person. It is often used to describe the visual impression or facade of something. For example: The appearance of the building is modern「その建物の外観はモダンです」(そのたてもののがいかんはモダンです). She pays great attention to her appearance「彼女は外観に非常に気を遣います」(かのじょはがいかんにひじょうにきをつかいます). This word is commonly used in contexts related to design, architecture, or personal presentation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3866

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Monk

Reading

Kanji

僧Bonze, Buddhist priest

Explanation

The Japanese noun '僧 (そう)' refers to a Buddhist monk, a person who has dedicated their life to religious practice and often lives in a monastery. This term is used in the context of Buddhism and is associated with spiritual and ascetic practices. For example: The monk is meditating「僧が瞑想している」(そうがめいそうしている). I saw a monk at the temple「お寺で僧を見た」(おてらでそうをみた). The term can also be used in compound words, such as '僧侶 (そうりょ)' which also means 'monk' or 'clergy'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3867

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daytime

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon 間Interval, Space

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼間 (ひるま)' refers to the period of the day when the sun is up, typically from sunrise to sunset. It is used to describe activities or events that occur during daylight hours. For example: I work during the daytime「私は昼間に働きます」(わたしはひるまにはたらきます). It's quiet during the daytime「昼間は静かです」(ひるまはしずかです). This word is often used in contrast to '夜 (よる)' which means 'night'. It's important to note that '昼間' specifically refers to the time of day and not the concept of 'day' as in a 24-hour period, which would be '一日 (いちにち)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3868

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Brush

Reading

Kanji

筆Brush

Explanation

The Japanese noun '筆 (ふで)' refers to a 'brush', specifically a writing or painting brush. This term is commonly used in the context of traditional Japanese calligraphy (書道, しょどう) and painting. The brush is an essential tool in these art forms, and the quality of the brush can significantly affect the outcome of the work. For example: I bought a new brush「新しい筆を買いました」(あたらしいふでをかいました). She is skilled with a brush「彼女は筆が上手です」(かのじょはふでがじょうずです). In addition to its literal meaning, '筆' can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone's writing style or ability, as in '彼の筆は鋭い (かれのふではするどい)' (His writing is sharp).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3869

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pumpkin

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'かぼちゃ' refers to a type of winter squash, commonly known as 'pumpkin' in English. In Japan, it is widely used in both savory and sweet dishes, such as tempura, stews, and desserts. The word can also refer to the vegetable itself or dishes made from it. For example: I bought a pumpkin「かぼちゃを買いました」(かぼちゃをかいました). This soup is made with pumpkin「このスープはかぼちゃでできています」(このスープはかぼちゃでできています). Note that 'かぼちゃ' specifically refers to the Japanese variety of pumpkin, which has a denser and sweeter flesh compared to Western pumpkins.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3871

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resolution

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 消Extinguish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '解消 (かいしょう)' refers to the act of resolving, eliminating, or dissolving something, such as a problem, tension, or a condition. It is often used in contexts where an issue or situation is being cleared or settled. For example: The tension was resolved「緊張が解消された」(きんちょうがかいしょうされた). We need to resolve this problem「この問題を解消する必要がある」(このもんだいをかいしょうするひつようがある). The term can also be used in contexts like stress relief or dissolving a contract, emphasizing the idea of something being cleared or removed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3874

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Official duty

Reading

Kanji

公Public 務Duty, Task

Explanation

The Japanese noun '公務 (こうむ)' refers to 'official duty' or 'public service'. It is commonly used to describe work or responsibilities carried out by government employees or public officials. This term emphasizes the formal and public nature of the duties. For example: He is busy with official duties「彼は公務で忙しい」(かれはこうむでいそがしい). Public officials must prioritize their official duties「公務員は公務を優先しなければならない」(こうむいんはこうむをゆうせんしなければならない). The word is often associated with roles in government, administration, or public institutions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3875

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distribution

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part 布Cloth, Linen

Explanation

The Japanese noun '分布 (ぶんぷ)' means 'distribution'. This term is commonly used in contexts such as statistics, geography, biology, and other fields to describe how something is spread or arranged over an area or among a group. For example: the distribution of population「人口の分布」(じんこうのぶんぷ). The distribution of resources「資源の分布」(しげんのぶんぷ). It can also refer to the spread of data points in a statistical context, such as 'normal distribution'「正規分布」(せいきぶんぷ). The word is neutral and can be applied to both physical and abstract distributions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3876

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

List

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'リスト (りすと)' means 'list'. It refers to a series of items, names, or tasks written or printed together in a meaningful order. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts, such as making a shopping list or a to-do list. For example: Please make a list of the items you need「必要なもののリストを作ってください」(ひつようなもののりすとをつくってください). I checked the list「リストを確認しました」(りすとをかくにんしました). The word is often used in business settings, such as 'attendee list' (参加者リスト, さんかしゃりすと) or 'price list' (価格リスト, かかくりすと).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3877

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contact

Reading

Kanji

接Contact, Touch 触Touch, Contact

Explanation

The Japanese noun '接触 (せっしょく)' means 'contact'. This word is used to describe physical touch or interaction between two entities. It can also refer to communication or connection between people or groups. For example: avoid physical contact「物理的な接触を避ける」(ぶつりてきなせっしょくをさける). The two groups had no contact「二つのグループは接触がなかった」(ふたつのグループはせっしょくがなかった). In medical contexts, it can refer to exposure to a pathogen, as in 'contact with an infected person'「感染者との接触」(かんせんしゃとのせっしょく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3880

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quiz

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'クイズ (kuizu)' means 'quiz'. It refers to a game or competition in which players answer questions to test their knowledge. This word is commonly used in educational settings, TV shows, or casual games. For example: Let's do a quiz「クイズをしましょう」(くいずをしましょう). I watched a quiz show yesterday「昨日クイズ番組を見ました」(きのうくいずばんぐみをみました). The word is borrowed from English and is written in katakana, reflecting its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3882

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relative

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese noun '相対 (そうたい)' means 'relative'. It refers to something that is considered in relation or comparison to something else, rather than being absolute. This term is often used in contexts involving comparison, relativity, or opposition. For example: relative position「相対的な位置」(そうたいてきないち). Relative truth「相対的な真実」(そうたいてきなしんじつ). The concept of '相対' is fundamental in discussions about perspectives, relationships, and comparisons in various fields such as philosophy, physics, and everyday life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3883

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Illegal

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '違法 (いほう)' means 'illegal'. It refers to actions, activities, or behaviors that are against the law or prohibited by legal regulations. This term is often used in legal, formal, or official contexts. For example: That act is illegal「その行為は違法だ」(そのこういはいほうだ). Illegal parking is strictly prohibited「違法駐車は厳禁です」(いほうちゅうしゃはげんきんです). The word can also be used in compound terms like '違法行為 (いほうこうい)' (illegal act) or '違法ダウンロード (いほうダウンロード)' (illegal download).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3884

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Author

Reading

Kanji

作Make 者Someone

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作者 (さくしゃ)' refers to the creator or author of a work, such as a book, painting, or other artistic creation. It is commonly used to describe the person responsible for the creation of a piece of art, literature, or any creative work. For example: the author of this book is famous「この本の作者は有名です」(このほんのさくしゃはゆうめいです). Who is the author of this painting?「この絵の作者は誰ですか？」(このえのさくしゃはだれですか？). The term emphasizes the role of the creator in bringing a work into existence.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3885

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Follower

Reading

Kanji

徒Follower, Junior

Explanation

The Japanese noun '徒 (と)' means 'follower' or 'disciple'. It is often used to refer to someone who follows a particular person, group, or ideology. This term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation depending on the context, implying blind adherence or lack of independent thought. Example sentences: He is a follower of that philosophy「彼はその哲学の徒だ」(かれはそのてつがくのとだ). The followers of the cult were devoted「そのカルトの徒は熱心だった」(そのカルトのとはねっしんだった). Note that '徒' can also appear in compound words, such as '信徒 (しんと)' (believer) or '学徒 (がくと)' (student).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3886

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Worry

Reading

Kanji

悩Worry, Distress

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悩み (なやみ)' means 'worry' or 'concern'. It refers to a state of mental distress or anxiety caused by problems or difficulties. This word is often used to describe personal struggles, such as emotional or psychological burdens. For example: I have many worries「私には悩みが多い」(わたしにはなやみがおおい). His worry is about his future「彼の悩みは将来のことだ」(かれのなやみはしょうらいのことだ). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe societal or collective concerns, such as 'environmental worries' (環境の悩み, かんきょうのなやみ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3887

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intensity

Reading

Kanji

震Quake 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese noun '震度 (しんど)' refers to the intensity of an earthquake, specifically as measured on the Japanese seismic intensity scale. This scale ranges from 0 to 7, with higher numbers indicating stronger shaking. For example: The earthquake had an intensity of 5「地震の震度は5でした」(じしんのしんどはごでした). The intensity of the tremor was quite high「震度がかなり高かった」(しんどがかなりたかかった). It's important to note that '震度' is specifically used in the context of earthquakes and should not be confused with other types of intensity measurements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3889

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Extinction

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 滅Ruin, Destroy

Explanation

The Japanese noun '消滅 (しょうめつ)' primarily means 'extinction' or 'disappearance'. It is used to describe the complete cessation or vanishing of something, such as a species, a phenomenon, or even an organization. For example: the extinction of dinosaurs「恐竜の消滅」(きょうりゅうのしょうめつ). The disappearance of the village「村の消滅」(むらのしょうめつ). This word can also be used in legal or formal contexts to describe the dissolution or termination of entities, such as companies or rights. For instance: the dissolution of the company「会社の消滅」(かいしゃのしょうめつ). It is important to note that '消滅' carries a sense of finality and completeness in its disappearance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3892

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

God

Reading

Kanji

神God 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '神様 (かみさま)' refers to a 'god' or 'deity'. It is a respectful term used to refer to gods in various religions, including Shinto and Buddhism. The term carries a sense of reverence and is often used when speaking about or to a god. For example: I prayed to the god「神様に祈りました」(かみさまにいのりました). The god of this shrine is very powerful「この神社の神様はとても強いです」(このじんじゃのかみさまはとてもつよいです). The term can also be used metaphorically to refer to someone who is exceptionally skilled or revered in a particular field, such as 'a god of baseball'「野球の神様」(やきゅうのかみさま).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3894

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Base, Foot

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient 元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '足元 (あしもと)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'foot', referring to the area around one's feet or the ground beneath them. For example: be careful of your step「足元に気をつけて」(あしもとにきをつけて). The second meaning is 'base', often used metaphorically to refer to the foundation or support of something. For example: the company's base is strong「会社の足元は強い」(かいしゃのあしもとはつよい). This word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, and its meaning can shift depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3895

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feed, Bait

Reading

Kanji

餌Feed

Explanation

The Japanese noun '餌 (えさ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'feed', referring to food given to animals, such as pets or livestock. For example: I gave feed to the dog「犬に餌をあげた」(いぬにえさをあげた). The second meaning is 'bait', used in the context of fishing or trapping. For example: He put bait on the hook「彼は針に餌をつけた」(かれははりにえさをつけた). The word is versatile and can be used in both domestic and outdoor settings, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3896

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Male

Reading

Kanji

雄Male, Heroic

Explanation

The Japanese noun '雄 (おす)' refers to the male gender of animals. It is commonly used to specify the sex of animals, such as in '雄の犬 (おすのいぬ)' meaning 'male dog'. This term is not typically used for humans; instead, '男性 (だんせい)' or '男 (おとこ)' is used. Example sentences include: That is a male bird「あれは雄の鳥です」(あれはおすのとりです). The male lion is larger「雄のライオンは大きい」(おすのライオンはおおきい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3897

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Valuables

Reading

Kanji

貴Precious 重Heavy 品Product

Explanation

The Japanese noun '貴重品 (きちょうひん)' refers to items that are of high value, either monetarily or sentimentally. This term is commonly used in contexts such as travel, hotels, or public places where people are advised to keep their valuables safe. For example: Please keep your valuables with you at all times「貴重品は常に身につけておいてください」(きちょうひんはつねにみにつけておいてください). The hotel provides a safe for valuables「ホテルは貴重品用の金庫を提供しています」(ホテルはきちょうひんようのきんこをていきょうしています). It's important to note that '貴重品' often implies items like jewelry, cash, passports, or other personal items that are not easily replaceable.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3900

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lid

Reading

Kanji

蓋Lid

Explanation

The Japanese noun '蓋 (ふた)' means 'lid'. It refers to a cover or top that is placed over a container to close or seal it. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when referring to the lid of a pot, jar, or bottle. For example: Please put the lid on the pot「鍋に蓋をしてください」(なべにふたをしてください). The lid of this jar is hard to open「この瓶の蓋は開けにくい」(このびんのふたはあけにくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that conceals or hides, as in '蓋をする (ふたをする)' which means 'to cover up' or 'to hide something'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3903

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Document

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 献Offer, Offering

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文献 (ぶんけん)' refers to written documents or literature, often used in academic or research contexts. It typically denotes scholarly materials such as books, articles, or papers that provide information or evidence. For example: I read an old document「古い文献を読みました」(ふるいぶんけんをよみました). This research is based on reliable documents「この研究は信頼できる文献に基づいています」(このけんきゅうはしんらいできるぶんけんにもとづいています). The word is commonly used in formal settings and emphasizes the importance of written sources in study or analysis.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3904

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Footprint

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient 跡Trace, Traces

Explanation

The Japanese noun '足跡 (あしあと)' means 'footprint'. It refers to the mark or impression left by a foot or shoe on a surface. This word is often used literally, such as when describing footprints in the sand or snow, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe the traces or evidence left behind by someone's actions or presence. For example: There were footprints in the snow「雪に足跡があった」(ゆきにあしあとがあった). His achievements left a significant mark「彼の功績は大きな足跡を残した」(かれのこうせきはおおきなあしあとをのこした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3906

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Curiosity

Reading

Kanji

好Like, Fond 奇Strange, Unusual 心Heart

Explanation

The Japanese noun '好奇心 (こうきしん)' means 'curiosity'. It refers to a strong desire to know or learn something, often driven by interest or fascination. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone is eager to explore, discover, or understand new things. For example: Her curiosity led her to study abroad「彼女の好奇心が彼女を留学させた」(かのじょのこうきしんがかのじょをりゅうがくさせた). Children have a natural curiosity「子供は自然な好奇心を持っている」(こどもはしぜんなこうきしんをもっている). The word can also be used in phrases like '好奇心をそそる (こうきしんをそそる)', which means 'to pique one's curiosity'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3907

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Miracle

Reading

Kanji

奇Strange, Unusual 跡Trace, Traces

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奇跡 (きせき)' means 'miracle'. It refers to an extraordinary and welcome event that is not explicable by natural or scientific laws and is therefore attributed to a divine agency. This word is often used in religious, spiritual, or awe-inspiring contexts. For example: It was a miracle that he survived「彼が生き残ったのは奇跡だった」(かれがいきのこったのはきせきだった). The discovery of the cure was a miracle「その治療法の発見は奇跡だった」(そのちりょうほうのはっけんはきせきだった). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is highly unlikely or surprising, such as a miraculous comeback in sports or a rare natural phenomenon.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3908

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Glasses

Reading

Kanji

眼Eyeball 鏡Mirror

Explanation

The Japanese noun '眼鏡 (めがね)' refers to 'glasses' or 'spectacles', which are worn to correct or protect vision. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to eyewear. For example: I need new glasses「新しい眼鏡が必要です」(あたらしいめがねがひつようです). He is wearing glasses「彼は眼鏡をかけています」(かれはめがねをかけています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe someone's perspective or viewpoint, as in '彼は現実を眼鏡を通して見ている' (かれはげんじつをめがねをとおしてみている) - 'He sees reality through glasses', implying a filtered or biased view.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3909

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Odd number

Reading

Kanji

奇Strange, Unusual 数Number

Explanation

The Japanese noun '奇数 (きすう)' means 'odd number,' referring to an integer that is not divisible by two. It is used in mathematical contexts or when classifying numbers based on their divisibility. For example: Three is an odd number 「3は奇数です」 (さんはきすうです). Odd numbers are often used in puzzles or games 「奇数はパズルやゲームによく使われます」 (きすうはぱずるやげーむによくつかわれます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3911

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

History, Background

Reading

Kanji

経Manage, Elapse 歴Curriculum, Continuation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '経歴 (けいれき)' refers to a person's history or background, particularly in terms of their career, education, or personal experiences. It is often used when discussing someone's professional or academic journey. For example: His career history is impressive「彼の経歴は素晴らしい」(かれのけいれきはすばらしい). She has a diverse background「彼女は多様な経歴を持っている」(かのじょはたようなけいれきをもっている). This word is commonly used in formal contexts, such as job applications or introductions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3912

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

National

Reading

Kanji

国Country 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国立 (こくりつ)' means 'national'. It is used to describe institutions or organizations that are established and funded by the national government. This term is commonly used in the names of national universities, museums, and parks. For example: national university「国立大学」(こくりつだいがく). national museum「国立博物館」(こくりつはくぶつかん). national park「国立公園」(こくりつこうえん). The term emphasizes the official and public nature of the institution, distinguishing it from private or local entities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3913

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Academic background

Reading

Kanji

学Learn 歴Curriculum, Continuation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '学歴 (がくれき)' refers to a person's academic background or educational history. It is commonly used in contexts such as job applications, resumes, or discussions about someone's qualifications. For example: His academic background is impressive「彼の学歴はすごい」(かれのがくれきはすごい). The company values academic background「その会社は学歴を重視する」(そのかいしゃはがくれきをじゅうしする). It is important to note that '学歴' specifically refers to formal education, such as degrees or schools attended, rather than informal learning or skills.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3915

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gradually

Reading

Kanji

徐Slowly, Gradually

Explanation

The Japanese noun '徐々 (じょじょ)' means 'gradually'. It is used to describe something that happens slowly over time, step by step, or in a steady progression. This word is often used in contexts where change or development occurs at a measured pace. For example: The pain gradually subsided「痛みが徐々に和らいだ」(いたみがじょじょにやわらいだ). The company is gradually expanding its business「会社は徐々に事業を拡大している」(かいしゃはじょじょにじぎょうをかくだいしている). Note that '徐々' is often paired with particles like 'に' to function as an adverb in sentences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3917

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Day

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'デー (でー)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'day'. It is often used in compound words or phrases to denote a specific day or event. For example, 'バレンタインデー (ばれんたいんでー)' means 'Valentine's Day'. Another example is 'マザーズデー (まざーずでー)', which means 'Mother's Day'. This term is commonly used in contexts related to holidays, special events, or specific days of the week. For instance: Today is Valentine's Day「今日はバレンタインデーです」(きょうはばれんたいんでーです). Mother's Day is next week「マザーズデーは来週です」(まざーずでーはらいしゅうです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3918

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meal

Reading

Kanji

飯Cooked rice, Food

Explanation

The Japanese noun '飯 (めし)' primarily means 'meal' or 'cooked rice'. It is a casual and somewhat colloquial term often used in everyday conversation. While it can refer to a meal in general, it is also specifically used to denote cooked rice, which is a staple of Japanese cuisine. For example: Let's eat a meal「飯を食べよう」(めしをたべよう). This rice is delicious「この飯は美味しい」(このめしはおいしい). The word can carry a slightly rough or masculine tone, so it is more commonly used among friends or in informal settings rather than in polite or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3919

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

King

Reading

Kanji

王King 様Way, Form

Explanation

The Japanese noun '王様 (おうさま)' means 'king'. It is used to refer to a male monarch or ruler of a kingdom. This term carries a sense of respect and authority, often used in fairy tales, historical contexts, or to describe someone with great power or influence. For example: The king ruled the country wisely「王様は国を賢く治めた」(おうさまはくにをかしこくおさめた). The king wore a golden crown「王様は金色の王冠をかぶっていた」(おうさまはきんいろのおうかんをかぶっていた). Note that '王様' is more commonly used in storytelling or formal contexts, while '王 (おう)' is a more neutral term for 'king'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3920

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child rearing

Reading

Kanji

子Child 育Raise, Grow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '子育て (こそだて)' refers to the act of raising or bringing up children. It encompasses all aspects of parenting, including physical, emotional, and educational care. This term is often used in discussions about family life, parenting challenges, and societal support for families. For example: Child rearing is a rewarding experience「子育てはやりがいのある経験です」(こそだてはやりがいのあるけいけんです). She is dedicated to child rearing「彼女は子育てに専念しています」(かのじょはこそだてにせんねんしています). The government provides support for child rearing「政府は子育て支援を提供しています」(せいふはこそだてしえんをていきょうしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3923

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grandmother

Reading

Kanji

祖Ancestor 母Mother

Explanation

The Japanese noun '祖母 (そぼ)' refers to one's grandmother, specifically the mother of one's father or mother. It is a formal and respectful term used to refer to one's grandmother in various contexts. For example: My grandmother is kind「私の祖母は優しい」(わたしのそぼはやさしい). I visited my grandmother「祖母を訪ねた」(そぼをたずねた). The term is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese, and it carries a sense of respect and affection. It is important to note that '祖母' is used specifically for one's own grandmother, and not for someone else's grandmother, for which the term 'おばあさん' might be more appropriate.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3924

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunglasses

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サングラス (sangurasu)' refers to 'sunglasses'. This word is a loanword from English, and it is used to describe eyewear designed to protect the eyes from sunlight or glare. It is commonly used in casual and everyday contexts. For example: I bought new sunglasses「新しいサングラスを買った」(あたらしいサングラスをかった). She is wearing sunglasses「彼女はサングラスをかけている」(かのじょはサングラスをかけている). The word is written in katakana, as it is a foreign-derived term.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3930

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Box

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ボックス (ぼっくす)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'box'. It refers to a container, typically with a square or rectangular shape, used for storing or transporting items. This term is widely used in various contexts, such as in packaging, storage, or even in abstract concepts like 'inbox' (メールボックス). Example sentences include: Please put the books in the box「本をボックスに入れてください」(ほんをぼっくすにいれてください). The toy came in a colorful box「おもちゃはカラフルなボックスに入っていた」(おもちゃはからふるなぼっくすにはいっていた). Note that 'ボックス' is often used in compound words, such as 'メールボックス (めーるぼっくす)' (mailbox) or 'ギフトボックス (ぎふとぼっくす)' (gift box).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3931

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Family

Reading

Kanji

一One 家House

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一家 (いっか)' refers to a family or household as a unit. It is often used to describe a family in a collective sense, including all members living together. This term can also imply the family's lineage or household in a broader context. For example: The whole family went on a trip「一家で旅行に行った」(いっかでりょこうにいった). He supports his family「彼は一家を支えている」(かれはいっかをささえている). The word can also be used in contexts referring to a family business or a family's reputation, such as '一家の恥 (いっかのはじ)' meaning 'a family's shame'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3933

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Defendant

Reading

Kanji

被Incur, Be subjected to 告Announce

Explanation

The Japanese noun '被告 (ひこく)' refers to the 'defendant' in a legal context. This term is specifically used in court cases to denote the person or entity being accused or sued. It is a formal term commonly encountered in legal documents, news reports, and courtroom settings. For example: The defendant pleaded not guilty「被告は無罪を主張した」(ひこくはむざいをしゅちょうした). The defendant's lawyer presented new evidence「被告の弁護士が新しい証拠を提出した」(ひこくのべんごしがあたらしいしょうこをていしゅつした). This term is distinct from related legal terms like '原告 (げんこく)' (plaintiff) and '裁判官 (さいばんかん)' (judge).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3934

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Frame, Limit

Reading

Kanji

枠Frame

Explanation

The Japanese noun '枠 (わく)' primarily means 'frame' or 'limit'. As 'frame', it refers to a physical or conceptual structure that surrounds or encloses something, such as a picture frame or a window frame. For example: the frame of the picture is beautiful「その絵の枠は美しい」(そのえのわくはうつくしい). As 'limit', it refers to boundaries or constraints, whether physical, temporal, or abstract. For example: we need to work within the limits of the budget「予算の枠内で働く必要がある」(よさんのわくないではたらくひつようがある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe societal or personal boundaries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3935

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rank, About

Reading

Kanji

位Rank

Explanation

The Japanese noun '位 (くらい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'rank', referring to a position or status within a hierarchy. For example: he holds a high rank「彼は高い位にある」(かれはたかいくらいにある). The second meaning is 'about', used to indicate an approximate amount or degree. For example: it's about 10 kilometers「10キロくらいです」(じゅっキロくらいです). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'about', it often follows a quantity or measurement.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3936

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countries

Reading

Kanji

各Each 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '各国 (かっこく)' means 'countries'. It refers to multiple nations or states collectively. This term is often used in contexts discussing international relations, policies, or comparisons between different nations. For example: The policies vary by country「各国の政策は異なる」(かっこくのせいさくはことなる). Representatives from various countries attended the conference「各国の代表者が会議に出席した」(かっこくのだいひょうしゃがかいぎにしゅっせきした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3941

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sadness

Reading

Kanji

悲Sad

Explanation

The Japanese noun '悲しみ (かなしみ)' means 'sadness'. It refers to the emotional state of feeling sorrow or grief. This word is often used to describe deep emotional pain or melancholy. For example: I feel sadness「悲しみを感じる」(かなしみをかんじる). Her sadness was evident「彼女の悲しみは明らかだった」(かのじょのかなしみはあきらかだった). The word can also be used in poetic or literary contexts to evoke a sense of profound emotional depth.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3942

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

West

Reading

Kanji

欧Europe, Europe 米Rice

Explanation

The Japanese noun '欧米 (おうべい)' refers to 'the West' or 'Western countries', specifically Europe and America. This term is often used in discussions comparing Eastern and Western cultures, technologies, or philosophies. For example: Western culture is interesting「欧米の文化は面白い」(おうべいのぶんかはおもしろい). I want to study in the West「欧米で勉強したい」(おうべいでべんきょうしたい). The term can also be used in contexts discussing globalization or international relations, highlighting the influence or characteristics of Western societies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3947

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Venue

Reading

Kanji

会Meet 場Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '会場 (かいじょう)' refers to a 'venue' or 'event space'. It is commonly used to describe the location where an event, meeting, or gathering takes place. This word is neutral and can be applied to various contexts, such as conferences, concerts, weddings, or exhibitions. For example: The venue for the concert is large「コンサートの会場は広い」(コンサートのかいじょうはひろい). Please go to the event venue「イベントの会場に行ってください」(イベントのかいじょうにいってください). Note that '会場' is often paired with specific event names or types to clarify the purpose of the venue.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3948

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Piano

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ピアノ' refers to the musical instrument known as the piano. It is a loanword from Italian, and it is written in katakana to indicate its foreign origin. The piano is a versatile instrument used in various genres of music, from classical to jazz. Example sentences: I play the piano「私はピアノを弾きます」(わたしはぴあのをひきます). The piano in the living room is beautiful「リビングルームのピアノは美しい」(りびんぐるーむのぴあのはうつくしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3949

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cucumber

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'きゅうり' refers to the vegetable known as 'cucumber' in English. It is a common ingredient in Japanese cuisine, often used in salads, pickles, and as a garnish. Cucumbers are known for their refreshing taste and high water content, making them a popular choice during the hot summer months. For example: I bought a cucumber「きゅうりを買いました」(きゅうりをかいました). This salad has cucumber「このサラダにはきゅうりが入っています」(このサラダにはきゅうりがはいっています). Cucumbers are also sometimes used in traditional Japanese skincare routines due to their cooling and hydrating properties.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

3951

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exchange

Reading

Kanji

遣Use, Dispatch 取Take

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遣り取り (やりとり)' refers to an exchange or interaction, often involving communication, goods, or actions between two or more parties. It is commonly used to describe the back-and-forth nature of conversations, transactions, or even physical exchanges. For example: We had a lively exchange of ideas「活発な意見の遣り取りがあった」(かっぱつないけんのやりとりがあった). The exchange of gifts was heartfelt「贈り物の遣り取りは心温まるものだった」(おくりもののやりとりはこころあたたまるものだった). This word emphasizes the mutual and reciprocal nature of the interaction.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3955

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cutting edge

Reading

Kanji

最Most 先Before, Previous 端End, Edge

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最先端 (さいせんたん)' refers to the forefront or cutting-edge of technology, research, or innovation. It is often used to describe the most advanced or latest developments in a field. For example: This is the cutting-edge of technology「これは最先端の技術です」(これはさいせんたんのぎじゅつです). The company is at the forefront of medical research「その会社は最先端の医療研究を行っています」(そのかいしゃはさいせんたんのいりょうけんきゅうをおこなっています). The term emphasizes being ahead of others in progress or development.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3957

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foreign currency

Reading

Kanji

外Outside 貨Goods, Freight

Explanation

The Japanese noun '外貨 (がいか)' refers to 'foreign currency'. It is commonly used in contexts related to finance, travel, or international trade. For example: I exchanged yen for foreign currency「円を外貨に両替した」(えんをがいかにりょうがえした). The company holds foreign currency reserves「その会社は外貨準備を持っている」(そのかいしゃはがいかじゅんびをもっている). This term is essential when discussing exchange rates, international transactions, or travel preparations involving currency exchange.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3959

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Acquisition

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入手 (にゅうしゅ)' means 'acquisition' or 'obtaining'. It refers to the act of acquiring or obtaining something, often something valuable or hard to get. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone has successfully obtained an item, information, or resource. For example: I finally acquired the rare book「やっとその珍しい本を入手した」(やっとそのめずらしいほんをにゅうしゅした). The company obtained the necessary permits「会社は必要な許可を入手した」(かいしゃはひつようなきょかをにゅうしゅした). It is often used in formal or business contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3960

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wheel

Reading

Kanji

車Car 輪Wheel, Ring

Explanation

The Japanese noun '車輪 (しゃりん)' means 'wheel'. It refers to the circular component that rotates on an axle and is used in vehicles, machinery, or other objects to enable movement. This word is commonly used in contexts related to transportation, mechanics, or everyday objects. For example: The wheel of the car is broken「車の車輪が壊れている」(くるまのしゃりんがこわれている). The bicycle has two wheels「自転車には車輪が二つある」(じてんしゃにはしゃりんがふたつある). Note that '車輪' is a compound word combining '車' (vehicle) and '輪' (ring/circle), emphasizing its connection to vehicles and circular motion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3961

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assumption

Reading

Kanji

想Concept 定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese noun '想定 (そうてい)' means 'assumption' or 'supposition'. It refers to a scenario or condition that is assumed or hypothesized for the purpose of planning, analysis, or discussion. This word is often used in contexts like business, disaster preparedness, or strategic planning. For example: We need to consider all possible assumptions「すべての想定を考慮する必要がある」(すべてのそうていをこうりょするひつようがある). The assumption of a natural disaster is crucial for emergency planning「自然災害の想定は緊急計画に重要だ」(しぜんさいがいのそうていはきんきゅうけいかくにじゅうようだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3963

Composition

kanji

Handwriting