言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Culture, Education

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 養Foster

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教養 (きょうよう)' refers to a broad sense of education or cultural refinement. It encompasses not only formal education but also general knowledge, intellectual cultivation, and cultural awareness. This term is often used to describe someone who is well-educated and possesses a wide range of knowledge. For example: He has a lot of education「彼は教養がある」(かれはきょうようがある). Reading books is important for gaining culture「本を読むことは教養を身につけるために重要だ」(ほんをよむことはきょうようをみにつけるためにじゅうようだ). The word can also imply a sense of sophistication and depth of understanding in various fields.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5182

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Location

Reading

Kanji

在Be, Exist 所Place

Explanation

The Japanese noun '所在 (しょざい)' primarily means 'location' or 'whereabouts'. It refers to the place where someone or something is situated. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to indicate the position or existence of something. For example: The location of the treasure is unknown「宝の所在は不明だ」(たからのしょざいはふめいだ). I don't know his current whereabouts「彼の現在の所在はわからない」(かれのげんざいのしょざいはわからない). Additionally, '所在' can sometimes imply a sense of responsibility or duty, as in 'a sense of purpose' or 'where one's duty lies', though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5183

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loss

Reading

Kanji

失Lose, Fault 損Loss, Damage

Explanation

The Japanese noun '損失 (そんしつ)' means 'loss'. It is commonly used to describe financial or material losses, but can also refer to abstract losses such as time or opportunities. For example: The company suffered a huge loss「その会社は大きな損失を被った」(そのかいしゃはおおきなそんしつをこうむった). The loss of time is irreplaceable「時間の損失は取り返しがつかない」(じかんのそんしつはとりかえしがつかない). This word is often used in business or formal contexts to describe negative outcomes or setbacks.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5184

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Route

Reading

Kanji

路Path 線Line

Explanation

The Japanese noun '路線 (ろせん)' primarily means 'route'. It is commonly used to refer to a planned path or course, such as a transportation route (e.g., train or bus lines) or a strategic plan. For example: This train follows the new route「この電車は新しい路線を走ります」(このでんしゃはあたらしいろせんをはしります). The company has changed its business strategy「その会社は事業路線を変更しました」(そのかいしゃはじぎょうろせんをへんこうしました). The word can also metaphorically describe a direction or approach in non-physical contexts, such as policies or plans.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5185

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cancellation

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie 除Exclude, Remove

Explanation

The Japanese noun '解除 (かいじょ)' refers to the act of canceling, revoking, or releasing something, such as a contract, restriction, or state of being. It is commonly used in formal or technical contexts. For example: cancellation of the contract「契約の解除」(けいやくのかいじょ). The state of emergency has been lifted「緊急事態が解除された」(きんきゅうじたいがかいじょされた). It can also refer to the removal of a lock or restriction, as in '解除コード (かいじょコード) (unlock code)'. This word is often used in legal, technical, or administrative settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5189

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Joint

Reading

Kanji

節Season, Node 関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese noun '関節 (かんせつ)' refers to a 'joint' in the body, where two bones meet and allow movement. It is commonly used in medical or anatomical contexts. For example: My knee joint hurts「私の膝の関節が痛い」(わたしのひざのかんせつがいたい). The doctor examined his shoulder joint「医者は彼の肩の関節を診た」(いしゃはかれのかたのかんせつをみた). This term is specific to the anatomical structure and should not be confused with other uses of the word 'joint' in English, such as a place or a connection between objects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Race

Reading

Kanji

人Person 種Kind, Variety

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人種 (じんしゅ)' refers to 'race' in the context of human categorization based on physical characteristics, ancestry, or genetics. It is often used in discussions about ethnicity, diversity, or social issues. For example: Race is not a basis for discrimination「人種は差別の理由ではありません」(じんしゅはさべつのりゆうではありません). The study of human races is complex「人種の研究は複雑です」(じんしゅのけんきゅうはふくざつです). This term is neutral but should be used carefully, as it can be sensitive in certain contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5191

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Origin, Base

Reading

Kanji

基Base, Fundation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '基 (もと)' can mean 'base' or 'origin'. It is often used to refer to the foundation or starting point of something. For example: the base of the mountain「山の基」(やまのもと). The origin of the problem「問題の基」(もんだいのもと). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the underlying cause or source of something. For example: the base of his success「彼の成功の基」(かれのせいこうのもと). It's important to note that '基' can be used in both literal and abstract contexts, depending on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5192

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kingdom

Reading

Kanji

王King 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '王国 (おうこく)' means 'kingdom'. It refers to a country, state, or territory ruled by a king or queen. This term is often used in historical, political, or fantasy contexts. For example: The kingdom prospered under the wise king「王国は賢い王のもとで繁栄した」(おうこくはかしこいおうのもとではんえいした). The fairy tale is set in a magical kingdom「その童話は魔法の王国を舞台にしている」(そのどうわはまほうのおうこくをぶたいにしている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a domain or realm, such as 'the kingdom of science'「科学の王国」(かがくのおうこく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5196

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Milk

Reading

Kanji

乳Breasts, Milk 牛Cow

Explanation

The Japanese noun '牛乳 (ぎゅうにゅう)' refers specifically to cow's milk. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when buying milk at the store or drinking it. For example: I drink milk every morning「毎朝牛乳を飲みます」(まいあさぎゅうにゅうをのみます). This milk is delicious「この牛乳は美味しいです」(このぎゅうにゅうはおいしいです). It is important to note that '牛乳' specifically refers to cow's milk and not other types of milk, such as soy milk or almond milk, which have different names in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5197

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Second (of time), Later

Reading

Kanji

後After, Behind 期Time, Period

Explanation

The Japanese noun '後期 (こうき)' refers to the 'later' or 'second' part of a period, often used in academic or seasonal contexts. For example, it can describe the latter half of a school term or a fiscal year. Example sentences: The second semester starts in October「後期は10月に始まります」(こうきはじゅうがつにはじまります). The latter half of the year is busy「後期は忙しい」(こうきはいそがしい). This term is also used in historical contexts to denote later periods, such as '後期江戸時代 (こうきえどじだい)' (late Edo period).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grounds

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 敷Spread, Lay

Explanation

The Japanese noun '敷地 (しきち)' refers to the land or grounds of a property, such as a house, building, or estate. It is commonly used to describe the area of land that a structure occupies or is intended to occupy. For example: The grounds of the mansion are vast「その大邸宅の敷地は広い」(そのだいていたくのしきちはひろい). The construction site covers a large area「その建設現場の敷地は広大だ」(そのけんせつげんばのしきちはこうだいだ). This word is often used in real estate or architectural contexts to describe the physical space of a property.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5199

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Needs

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ニーズ (niizu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'needs'. It refers to the requirements or desires of individuals, groups, or markets. This term is commonly used in business, marketing, and social contexts to discuss what is necessary or desired by consumers or society. For example: understanding customer needs is essential「顧客のニーズを理解することが重要です」(こきゃくのニーズをりかいすることがじゅうようです). The company focuses on meeting the needs of its clients「その会社は顧客のニーズを満たすことに焦点を当てています」(そのかいしゃはこきゃくのニーズをみたすことにしょうてんをあてています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5200

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Writing, Notation

Reading

Kanji

記Record 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese noun '表記 (ひょうき)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'notation', referring to the system or method of representing something in written form, such as musical notation or mathematical notation. The second meaning is 'writing', which refers to the act or style of writing something down, such as the way a word is written in kanji, hiragana, or katakana. For example: The notation for this formula is complicated「この式の表記は複雑だ」(このしきのひょうきはふくざつだ). The writing of this word in kanji is difficult「この言葉の表記は難しい」(このことばのひょうきはむずかしい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5201

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Folder

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'フォルダー (forudaa)' is a loanword derived from the English word 'folder'. It refers to a physical or digital folder used for organizing documents, files, or other items. In digital contexts, it is commonly used in computing to describe directories that store files. For example: Please save the file in the folder「ファイルをフォルダーに保存してください」(ファイルをフォルダーにほぞんしてください). I need a new folder for these papers「これらの書類に新しいフォルダーが必要です」(これらのしょるいにあたらしいフォルダーがひつようです). The word is widely understood in both professional and casual settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5202

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Southwest

Reading

Kanji

南South 西West

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南西 (なんせい)' means 'southwest'. It is a compound word formed by combining '南 (なん)' meaning 'south' and '西 (せい)' meaning 'west'. This term is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as giving directions or describing locations. For example: The wind is coming from the southwest「風が南西から吹いている」(かぜがなんせいからふいている). The island is located to the southwest of the mainland「その島は本土の南西に位置している」(そのしまはほんどのなんせいにいちしている). It can also be used in weather forecasts or navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5206

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Southeast

Reading

Kanji

南South 東East

Explanation

The Japanese noun '南東 (なんとう)' means 'southeast'. It refers to the cardinal direction that is halfway between south and east. This term is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as describing the location of a place or the direction of movement. For example: The wind is coming from the southeast「風が南東から吹いている」(かぜがなんとうからふいている). The city is located to the southeast of Tokyo「その都市は東京の南東に位置している」(そのとしはとうきょうのなんとうにいちしている). The term can also be used in weather forecasts or navigation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5207

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Northwest

Reading

Kanji

西West 北North

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北西 (ほくせい)' means 'northwest'. It is a compound word formed by combining '北 (きた)', meaning 'north', and '西 (にし)', meaning 'west'. This term is commonly used to indicate a direction or location, such as in weather forecasts or when giving directions. For example: The wind is blowing from the northwest「北西から風が吹いている」(ほくせいからかぜがふいている). The town is located to the northwest of the city「その町は市の北西に位置している」(そのまちはしのほくせいにいちしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5208

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Northeast

Reading

Kanji

東East 北North

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北東 (ほくとう)' means 'northeast'. It is a compound word formed by combining '北 (きた)' meaning 'north' and '東 (ひがし)' meaning 'east'. This term is commonly used to indicate a direction or location. For example: the wind is blowing from the northeast「風が北東から吹いている」(かぜがほくとうからふいている). The city is located to the northeast of Tokyo「その都市は東京の北東に位置している」(そのとしはとうきょうのほくとうにいちしている). It is also used in weather forecasts and geographical descriptions.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5209

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Direction

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '向き (むき)' primarily means 'direction'. It refers to the way something is facing or oriented. This word is often used to describe physical directions, such as the orientation of a building or the direction in which something is moving. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe tendencies or suitability. For example: The house faces south「その家は南向きです」(そのいえはみなみむきです). This job is suitable for beginners「この仕事は初心者向きです」(このしごとはしょしんしゃむきです). Note that '向き' can also imply suitability or appropriateness for a particular group or purpose, as seen in the second example.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5210

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Opposite

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '向かい (むかい)' means 'opposite' and refers to something directly across from a specific point or location. It is often used to describe the position of buildings, rooms, or objects relative to each other. For example: The post office is opposite the station「郵便局は駅の向かいです」(ゆうびんきょくはえきのむかいです). My friend lives opposite my house「友達は私の家の向かいです」(ともだちはわたしのいえのむかいです). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to indicate spatial relationships.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5211

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Introduction

Reading

Kanji

門Gate 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入門 (にゅうもん)' means 'introduction' or 'beginner's guide'. It is commonly used to refer to introductory materials, courses, or books that provide basic knowledge or skills in a particular subject. For example: This is a good introduction to Japanese「これは日本語の入門に良い」(これはにほんごのにゅうもんにいい). I bought a beginner's guide to programming「プログラミングの入門を買った」(ぷろぐらみんぐのにゅうもんをかった). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the initial steps or entry into a new field or activity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5212

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Signature

Reading

Kanji

名Name 署Government office

Explanation

The Japanese noun '署名 (しょめい)' refers to a 'signature'. It is commonly used in formal contexts, such as signing contracts, documents, or petitions. For example: Please put your signature here「ここに署名してください」(ここにしょめいしてください). The document requires your signature「その書類には署名が必要です」(そのしょるいにはしょめいがひつようです). The word can also be used in legal or official contexts, such as '署名運動 (しょめいうんどう)', which refers to a signature campaign or petition drive.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5215

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Claim

Reading

Kanji

立Stand 申Report

Explanation

The Japanese noun '申し立て (もうしたて)' refers to a formal statement or claim made, often in a legal or official context. It is used when someone presents a case, assertion, or complaint to an authority or in a formal setting. For example: He made a claim about the contract「彼は契約についての申し立てをした」(かれはけいやくについてのもうしたてをした). The company submitted a formal complaint「会社は正式な申し立てを提出した」(かいしゃはせいしきなもうしたてをていしゅつした). This term is commonly used in legal proceedings, disputes, or when lodging grievances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5216

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Demonstration

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'デモ (demo)' is a loanword derived from the English 'demonstration'. It refers to a public display of group opinion, often in the form of a march or rally, typically for political or social causes. This term is commonly used in contexts involving protests, advocacy, or public gatherings to express collective demands or support. For example: There was a big demonstration yesterday「昨日は大きなデモがあった」(きのうはおおきなデモがあった). They organized a demonstration for climate change「彼らは気候変動のためのデモを組織した」(かれらはきこうへんどうのためのデモをそしきした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5218

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kana

Reading

Kanji

名Name 仮Temporary

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仮名 (かな)' refers to the syllabic scripts used in Japanese writing, specifically hiragana and katakana. These scripts are used to represent sounds and are essential for writing native Japanese words, grammatical elements, and foreign loanwords. For example: I wrote my name in hiragana「私の名前をひらがなで書きました」(わたしのなまえをひらがなでかきました). Katakana is used for foreign words「カタカナは外来語に使います」(カタカナはがいらいごにつかいます). The term '仮名' contrasts with '漢字 (かんじ)', which are the logographic characters borrowed from Chinese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5219

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Word processor

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ワープロ (わーぷろ)' is a shortened form of 'ワードプロセッサ (わーどぷろせっさ)', meaning 'word processor'. It refers to a device or software used for typing, editing, and formatting text documents. This term was widely used in the 1980s and 1990s when dedicated word processing machines were popular in Japan. Nowadays, it is often used to refer to word processing software on computers. Example sentences: I bought a new word processor「新しいワープロを買いました」(あたらしいわーぷろをかいました). She is typing a report on the word processor「彼女はワープロでレポートを打っています」(かのじょはわーぷろでれぽーとをうっています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5221

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Affair

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 浮Float

Explanation

The Japanese noun '浮気 (うわき)' refers to an extramarital affair or infidelity. It is used to describe a situation where someone is romantically or sexually involved with someone other than their partner. This term carries a negative connotation and is often associated with betrayal. For example: He had an affair「彼は浮気をした」(かれはうわきをした). She found out about her husband's affair「彼女は夫の浮気を知った」(かのじょはおとうとのうわきをしった). The word can also be used more broadly to describe a fleeting interest or flirtation, but this usage is less common and typically context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5222

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Situation

Reading

Kanji

勢Power, Force 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '情勢 (じょうせい)' refers to the state or condition of affairs, particularly in a political, economic, or social context. It is often used to describe the current state of events or trends. For example: The political situation is unstable「政治の情勢は不安定です」(せいじのじょうせいはふあんていです). The economic situation is improving「経済の情勢は改善しています」(けいざいのじょうせいはかいぜんしています). This term is commonly used in news reports, discussions, and analyses to describe the broader state of affairs.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5223

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Interests, Gains

Reading

Kanji

利Profit, Advantage 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '利害 (りがい)' refers to 'interests' or 'gains', often in the context of benefits and losses. It is commonly used to discuss the advantages and disadvantages, or the pros and cons, of a situation, decision, or relationship. For example: The interests of the company and the employees are aligned「会社と従業員の利害は一致している」(かいしゃとじゅうぎょういんのりがいはいっちしている). They discussed the gains and losses of the project「彼らはそのプロジェクトの利害を話し合った」(かれらはそのぷろじぇくとのりがいをはなしあった). The term can also be used in legal or business contexts to describe conflicts of interest or mutual benefits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5224

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Low

Reading

Kanji

低Low

Explanation

The Japanese noun '低 (てい)' means 'low'. It is often used to describe something that is physically low in height or position, or metaphorically low in status, level, or quality. For example: the low temperature「低い温度」(ひくいおんど). The low status of the employee「従業員の低い地位」(じゅうぎょういんのひくいちい). It can also be used in compound words, such as '低気圧 (ていきあつ)' (low pressure) or '低所得 (ていしょとく)' (low income). Note that '低' is often used in its adjectival form '低い (ひくい)' to describe nouns directly.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5231

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 初Beginning, First

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月初め (つきはじめ)' refers to the 'start' or 'beginning of the month'. It is commonly used to describe the first few days of a new month, often in contexts related to schedules, payments, or planning. For example: The rent is due at the start of the month「家賃は月初めに支払います」(やちんはつきはじめにしはらいます). We will start the project at the beginning of the month「プロジェクトは月初めに始めます」(プロジェクトはつきはじめにはじめます). Note that this word is specific to the temporal context of the month and is not used for other types of beginnings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5232

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Announcement

Reading

Kanji

公Public 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese noun '公表 (こうひょう)' refers to the act of making something publicly known or announcing it officially. It is often used in formal contexts, such as government announcements, corporate disclosures, or public statements. For example: The company made an announcement about the new product「会社は新製品について公表しました」(かいしゃはしんせいひんについてこうひょうしました). The government announced the new policy「政府は新しい政策を公表しました」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをこうひょうしました). The word carries a formal tone and is typically used for significant or official information.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5233

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Critique, Commentary

Reading

Kanji

評Evaluate 論Theory, Argument

Explanation

The Japanese noun '評論 (ひょうろん)' refers to a critical analysis or commentary on a subject, often used in the context of literature, art, politics, or social issues. It implies a detailed and thoughtful examination, often with an evaluative or analytical perspective. For example: His critique of the novel was insightful「彼の小説の評論は洞察に富んでいた」(かれのしょうせつのひょうろんはどうさつにとんでいた). The professor's commentary on the political situation was widely read「教授の政治状況に関する評論は広く読まれた」(きょうじゅのせいじじょうきょうにかんするひょうろんはひろくよまれた). This word is often used in formal or academic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5234

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Side

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サイド (saido)' means 'side'. It is a loanword derived from English and is commonly used in various contexts to refer to the side of something, such as the side of a building, a side dish, or a side in a competition. For example: Please sit on this side「このサイドに座ってください」(このサイドにすわってください). I ordered a side of fries「フライドポテトのサイドを注文しました」(フライドポテトのサイドをちゅうもんしました). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in 'the bright side of life' (人生の明るいサイド) (じんせいのあかるいサイド).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5238

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spouse

Reading

Kanji

配Distribute 偶Couple, By chance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '配偶 (はいぐう)' refers to a spouse, meaning a husband or wife. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as when discussing marital status or legal rights. For example: He lost his spouse「彼は配偶を失った」(かれははいぐうをうしなった). The rights of a spouse are protected by law「配偶の権利は法律で守られている」(はいぐうのけんりはほうりつでまもられている). Note that '配偶' is more formal than everyday terms like '夫 (おっと)' for husband or '妻 (つま)' for wife, and is typically used in written or official contexts rather than casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5239

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rice cake

Reading

Kanji

餅Mochi rice cake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '餅 (もち)' refers to a traditional Japanese food made from glutinous rice that has been pounded into a sticky, elastic mass. It is often shaped into round or rectangular forms and can be eaten in various ways, such as grilled, boiled, or as part of soups and desserts. '餅' is particularly associated with Japanese New Year celebrations, where it is used in dishes like 'お雑煮 (おぞうに)' (ozōni), a soup containing mochi. Example sentences include: I ate a rice cake「餅を食べた」(もちをたべた). Rice cakes are sticky「餅は粘り気がある」(もちはねばりけがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5240

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hardware

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ハードウェア (haadowea)' refers to 'hardware', specifically the physical components of a computer or electronic system. This term is used in contrast to 'software' (ソフトウェア), which refers to the programs and operating systems that run on the hardware. For example: I bought new hardware for my computer「新しいハードウェアを買いました」(あたらしいハードウェアをかいました). This hardware is very powerful「このハードウェアはとてもパワフルです」(このハードウェアはとてもぱわふるです). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to physical tools or equipment in various fields, but it is most commonly associated with technology.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5242

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Public

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人前 (ひとまえ)' refers to being in the presence of others or in a public setting. It is often used to describe situations where one's actions or behavior are visible to others, emphasizing the idea of being observed or judged. For example: She is shy in public「彼女は人前で恥ずかしがる」(かのじょはひとまえではずかしがる). He doesn't like speaking in public「彼は人前で話すのが苦手だ」(かれはひとまえではなすのがにがてだ). The term can also imply a sense of formality or decorum when in the presence of others.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5243

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Delivery

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '出前 (でまえ)' refers to the service of delivering food, typically from a restaurant, to a customer's home or another location. It is commonly used in the context of ordering meals like sushi, ramen, or other dishes. For example: I ordered sushi delivery「寿司の出前を頼んだ」(すしのでまえをたのんだ). The ramen delivery arrived quickly「ラーメンの出前が早く届いた」(ラーメンのでまえがはやくとどいた). This term is widely understood in Japan and is associated with convenience and quick service.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5245

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wry smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh 苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese noun '苦笑 (くしょう)' refers to a 'wry smile' or a 'bitter smile'. It is used to describe a smile that expresses mixed feelings, such as embarrassment, resignation, or slight discomfort, often in response to an awkward or unfavorable situation. For example: He gave a wry smile when he realized his mistake「彼は自分の間違いに気づいて苦笑した」(かれはじぶんのまちがいにきづいてくしょうした). She responded with a wry smile to the awkward question「彼女はその気まずい質問に苦笑で答えた」(かのじょはそのきまずいしつもんにくしょうでこたえた). This term is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to convey subtle emotional nuances.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5247

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ming Dynasty

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 朝Morning

Explanation

The Japanese noun '明朝 (みょうちょう)' refers to the Ming Dynasty, which ruled China between 1368 and 1644. This word is used when referring to the historical period, its culture, art, or related historical events. Example: The Ming Dynasty was prosperous 「明朝は繁栄していた」 (みょうちょうははんえいしていた). This painting is from the Ming Dynasty 「この絵は明朝のものです」 (このえはみょうちょうのものです). Note that '明朝' can also refer to 'next morning' in some contexts, but this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to clarify.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5250

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Later years

Reading

Kanji

晩Evening, Nightfall 年Year

Explanation

The Japanese noun '晩年 (ばんねん)' refers to the later years of someone's life, often implying the period of old age or the final stage of life. It is commonly used to describe the time when someone is retired or reflecting on their life. For example: He spent his later years in peace「彼は晩年を平和に過ごした」(かれはばんねんをへいわにすごした). The artist created his best works in his later years「その芸術家は晩年に最高の作品を作った」(そのげいじゅつかはばんねんにさいこうのさくひんをつくった). This term carries a nuanced sense of reflection and often implies a period of life marked by wisdom or culmination of experiences.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5251

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Night sky

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 空Sky, Empty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜空 (よぞら)' refers to the 'night sky'. It is commonly used to describe the sky as seen at night, often emphasizing its beauty, vastness, or the presence of stars and the moon. For example: The night sky is beautiful「夜空が美しい」(よぞらがうつくしい). I gazed at the night sky「夜空を見つめた」(よぞらをみつめた). This word evokes a poetic or reflective tone and is often used in literature or casual conversation to describe serene or romantic scenes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5252

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Off

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'オフ (ofu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'off'. It is commonly used in contexts related to turning something off, such as electronics or switches. It can also refer to days off or time off from work. For example: Please turn off the lights「ライトをオフにしてください」(らいとをおふにしてください). I have a day off tomorrow「明日はオフです」(あしたはおふです). The word is often used in casual conversation and is easily understood by Japanese speakers due to its frequent use in daily life.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5253

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Number, Times (counter for occurrences)

Reading

Kanji

数Number 回Revolve, Times (counter for occurrences)

Explanation

The Japanese noun '回数 (かいすう)' refers to the number of times something occurs or is done. It is often used in contexts where counting occurrences or repetitions is important. For example: I forgot the number of times I visited that place「あの場所を訪れた回数を忘れた」(あのばしょをおとずれたかいすうをわすれた). The number of times you can try is limited「試せる回数は限られている」(ためせるかいすうはかぎられている). Note that '回数' is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as in instructions, statistics, or when discussing frequency.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5254

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commerce

Reading

Kanji

商Trade, Deal

Explanation

The Japanese noun '商 (しょう)' primarily means 'commerce' or 'trade'. It refers to the activity of buying and selling goods and services, often on a large scale. This term is commonly used in business contexts and can be found in compound words related to commerce, such as '商業 (しょうぎょう)' (commerce/trade) or '商売 (しょうばい)' (business). Example sentences: Commerce is essential for economic growth「商は経済成長に不可欠だ」(しょうはけいざいせいちょうにふかけつだ). He works in the commerce sector「彼は商の分野で働いている」(かれはしょうのぶんやではたらいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5255

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dawn

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 明Bright

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夜明け (よあけ)' refers to the time of day when the sun begins to rise, marking the transition from night to day. It is often associated with the first light of the morning and the beginning of a new day. This word carries a poetic and serene nuance, often used in literature or to describe peaceful moments. For example: The dawn was beautiful「夜明けが美しかった」(よあけがうつくしかった). We arrived at dawn「夜明けに到着した」(よあけにとうちゃくした). It can also symbolize new beginnings or hope, as in '夜明け前 (よあけまえ) (before dawn)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5256

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moonlit night

Reading

Kanji

夜Night 月Moon, Month

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月夜 (つきよ)' refers to a night illuminated by the moon, often evoking a serene or poetic atmosphere. It is commonly used in literature and everyday conversation to describe the beauty or tranquility of a moonlit night. For example: The moonlit night was beautiful「月夜が美しかった」(つきよがうつくしかった). We walked under the moonlit night「月夜の下を歩いた」(つきよのしたをあるいた). The word carries a romantic or nostalgic nuance, often associated with calmness and natural beauty.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5257

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tanabata

Reading

Kanji

七Seven 夕Evening

Explanation

The Japanese noun '七夕 (たなばた)' refers to the Tanabata festival, also known as the Star Festival, celebrated on July 7th. This festival originates from a Chinese legend about two stars, Orihime (Vega) and Hikoboshi (Altair), who are lovers separated by the Milky Way and allowed to meet only once a year on this day. During Tanabata, people write wishes on colorful strips of paper (tanzaku) and hang them on bamboo branches. Example sentences: Let's celebrate Tanabata「七夕を祝いましょう」(たなばたをいわいましょう). I wrote my wish on a tanzaku for Tanabata「七夕に短冊に願いを書きました」(たなばたにたんざくにねがいをかきました).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5258

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sunset

Reading

Kanji

夕Evening 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '夕日 (ゆうひ)' refers to the 'sunset', specifically the sun as it is setting in the evening. This word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to evoke the beauty of the evening sky. For example: The sunset is beautiful「夕日がきれいだ」(ゆうひがきれいだ). We watched the sunset together「一緒に夕日を見た」(いっしょにゆうひをみた). The word '夕日' is commonly used in literature and everyday conversation to describe the visual phenomenon of the sun descending below the horizon.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5259

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Season

Reading

Kanji

候Climate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '候 (こう)' refers to a 'season' or 'weather condition'. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe the current season or atmospheric conditions. For example: the season of cherry blossoms「桜の候」(さくらのこう). This word is also used in traditional Japanese letters to indicate the season, as in '早春の候 (そうしゅんのこう) (early spring season)'. Note that this term is less common in everyday conversation and is typically reserved for written or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5260

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Short term

Reading

Kanji

期Time, Period 短Short

Explanation

The Japanese noun '短期 (たんき)' refers to a 'short-term' period or duration. It is commonly used in contexts such as finance, education, and employment to describe something that lasts for a brief period. For example: short-term loan「短期ローン」(たんきローン). He is on a short-term contract「彼は短期契約です」(かれはたんきけいやくです). The word emphasizes brevity and is often contrasted with '長期 (ちょうき)' which means 'long-term'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5261

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drinking water

Reading

Kanji

飲Drink 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '飲み水 (のみみず)' refers specifically to water that is safe and suitable for drinking. It is commonly used in contexts where the distinction between potable and non-potable water is important, such as in survival situations, outdoor activities, or discussions about water quality. Example sentences: We need to find drinking water「飲み水を見つけなければならない」(のみみずをみつけなければならない). This river provides drinking water for the village「この川は村の飲み水を供給している」(このかわはむらののみみずをきょうきゅうしている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5264

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heading

Reading

Kanji

見See 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見出し (みだし)' refers to a 'heading' or 'title', typically used in articles, documents, or sections of text to summarize or introduce the content that follows. It is commonly seen in newspapers, books, and websites. For example: The heading of the article is interesting「記事の見出しが面白い」(きじのみだしがおもしろい). Please write a heading for this section「このセクションの見出しを書いてください」(このセクションのみだしをかいてください). The word can also imply a summary or a key point that captures the essence of the content.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5265

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Example, Sample

Reading

Kanji

見See 本Book, Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見本 (みほん)' can mean either 'sample' or 'example', depending on the context. When used to mean 'sample', it refers to a physical or tangible item that represents a larger group or product, such as a product sample or a test piece. For example: please take a look at this sample「この見本を見てください」(このみほんをみてください). When used to mean 'example', it refers to a model or instance that demonstrates a concept or idea. For example: this is a good example of teamwork「これはチームワークの良い見本です」(これはチームワークのよいみほんですです). The word is commonly used in both commercial and educational settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5266

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settlement, Closing

Reading

Kanji

算Calculate 決Decide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '決算 (けっさん)' refers to the process of settling accounts or financial statements, often at the end of a fiscal period. It is commonly used in business and finance contexts to describe the finalization of financial records, such as profit and loss statements or balance sheets. For example: The company is preparing for the settlement「会社は決算の準備をしている」(かいしゃはけっさんのじゅんびをしている). The fiscal year closing is next week「決算は来週です」(けっさんはらいしゅうです). Note that '決算' can also refer to the act of closing or finalizing something, not just financial accounts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5268

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insertion

Reading

Kanji

挿Insert 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese noun '挿入 (そうにゅう)' means 'insertion'. It refers to the act of inserting something into a specific place or position. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as inserting objects, data, or even scenes in media. For example: the insertion of a key into a lock「鍵の挿入」(かぎのそうにゅう). The insertion of a scene in a movie「映画のシーンの挿入」(えいがのシーンのそうにゅう). It can also be used in medical contexts, such as the insertion of a catheter「カテーテルの挿入」(カテーテルのそうにゅう).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5269

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

View

Reading

Kanji

晴Clear 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見晴らし (みはらし)' refers to a view or vista, particularly one that is scenic or panoramic. It is often used to describe a wide, unobstructed view of a landscape, such as from a hilltop or observation deck. This word conveys a sense of openness and expansiveness. For example: The view from the mountain was breathtaking「山からの見晴らしは素晴らしかった」(やまからのみはらしはすばらしかった). Let's go to the observation deck for a better view「見晴らしの良い展望台に行きましょう」(みはらしのよいてんぼうだいにいきましょう). The word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, travel, and sightseeing.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5270

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moon viewing

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月見 (つきみ)' refers to the traditional custom of viewing the moon, often during the autumn moon-viewing festival known as 'Tsukimi'. This practice involves appreciating the beauty of the full moon, typically while enjoying seasonal foods like rice dumplings (月見団子, つきみだんご) and sake. Example sentences: Let's do moon viewing tonight「今夜は月見をしよう」(こんやはつきみをしよう). During Tsukimi, we eat rice dumplings「月見の時、団子を食べます」(つきみのとき、だんごをたべます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5271

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Milk

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ミルク (miruku)' means 'milk'. It is a loanword derived from the English word 'milk' and is commonly used in everyday conversation. This term is often used to refer to cow's milk, but it can also refer to other types of milk, such as plant-based milk. For example: I drink milk every morning「毎朝ミルクを飲みます」(まいあさミルクをのみます). This coffee has milk in it「このコーヒーにはミルクが入っています」(このコーヒーにはミルクがはいっています). The word 'ミルク' is widely understood and used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5274

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Appearance

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見かけ (みかけ)' refers to the outward appearance or look of something or someone. It is often used to describe how things or people seem at first glance, without deeper knowledge or understanding. For example: don't judge by appearance「見かけで判断しないで」(みかけではんだんしないで). Her appearance is deceiving「彼女の見かけは当てにならない」(かのじょのみかけはあてにならない). This word can also imply that the appearance might not reflect the true nature or quality of something, as in '見かけは良いけど、中身は違う (みかけはいいけど、なかみはちがう) (It looks good, but the inside is different).'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5279

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Giant

Reading

Kanji

人Person 巨Huge, Giant

Explanation

The Japanese noun '巨人 (きょじん)' means 'giant'. It refers to a being or creature of enormous size, often found in myths, legends, or fantasy stories. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone of great importance or influence. For example: the giant in the story was very strong「物語の巨人はとても強かった」(ものがたりのきょじんはとてもつよかった). That company is a giant in the industry「あの会社は業界の巨人だ」(あのかいしゃはぎょうかいのきょじんだ). The word can also refer to the Yomiuri Giants, a famous Japanese baseball team.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5281

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Field of view

Reading

Kanji

視See, Look 野Field

Explanation

The Japanese noun '視野 (しや)' means 'field of view'. It refers to the area that is visible to the eye or can be seen from a particular point. It can also be used metaphorically to refer to the scope or range of one's understanding, awareness, or consideration. Example: He has a broad field of view 「彼は視野が広い」 (かれはしやがひろい). We need to expand our field of view 「私たちは視野を広げる必要がある」 (わたしたちはしやをひろげるひつようがある). This word is often used in discussions about vision, perspective, or strategic thinking.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5282

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relatives

Reading

Kanji

族Family 親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese noun '親族 (しんぞく)' refers to one's relatives or kin. It encompasses family members connected by blood, marriage, or adoption. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as when discussing family relationships or inheritance. For example: I have many relatives「私には親族が多い」(わたしにはしんぞくがおおい). He is my closest relative「彼は私の最も近い親族です」(かれはわたしのいちばんちかいしんぞくです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '親族会議 (しんぞくかいぎ)' (family council).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5283

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Initiative, Effort

Reading

Kanji

取Take 組Association, Group (of people)

Explanation

The Japanese noun '取り組み (とりくみ)' refers to efforts or initiatives taken to address a specific task, problem, or goal. It often implies a proactive and organized approach to tackling challenges. For example: The company's efforts to reduce waste are impressive「会社の廃棄物削減への取り組みは素晴らしい」(かいしゃのはいきぶつさくげんへのとりくみはすばらしい). The government's initiative to improve education is ongoing「政府の教育改善への取り組みは進行中です」(せいふのきょういくかいぜんへのとりくみはしんこうちゅうです). This word is commonly used in professional, organizational, or societal contexts to describe structured actions or projects.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5284

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reading and writing

Reading

Kanji

書Write 読Read

Explanation

The Japanese noun '読み書き (よみかき)' refers to the combined skills of reading and writing. It is often used to describe literacy or the ability to read and write in a language. This term is commonly used in educational contexts or when discussing language proficiency. For example: He is good at reading and writing「彼は読み書きが得意です」(かれはよみかきがとくいです). Learning reading and writing is important「読み書きを学ぶことは大切です」(よみかきをまなぶことはたいせつです). The term emphasizes the dual skills of reading and writing as fundamental components of literacy.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5286

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recognition

Reading

Kanji

見See 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見覚え (みおぼえ)' refers to the sense of recognition or familiarity one feels upon seeing something or someone. It is often used when you feel like you have seen something before but may not remember the exact details. For example: I have a sense of recognition about this place「この場所に見覚えがある」(このばしょにみおぼえがある). She looks familiar, but I can't recall where I saw her「彼女に見覚えがあるけど、どこで会ったか思い出せない」(かのじょにみおぼえがあるけど、どこであったかおもいだせない). This word is commonly used in situations where you are trying to recall a memory or identify something based on visual familiarity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5288

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Alarm

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目覚まし (めざまし)' refers to an alarm, typically used to wake someone up. It is often associated with alarm clocks or devices that produce a sound to rouse a person from sleep. For example: I set the alarm for 7 AM「目覚ましを7時にセットした」(めざましをしちじにセットした). The alarm didn't go off this morning「今朝、目覚ましが鳴らなかった」(けさ、めざましがならなかった). The word can also be used in compounds like '目覚まし時計 (めざましどけい)', which specifically means 'alarm clock'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5289

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Kanji

軍Army 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '軍人 (ぐんじん)' refers to a 'soldier' or 'military personnel'. This term is used to describe individuals who are members of the armed forces, including those in the army, navy, or air force. It is a formal term and can be used in various contexts, such as discussing military history, current events, or personal stories. For example: He is a soldier「彼は軍人です」(かれはぐんじんです). Many soldiers were present at the ceremony「多くの軍人が式典に出席しました」(おおくのぐんじんがしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to anyone who serves in a military capacity, regardless of rank or branch.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5292

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settlement

Reading

Kanji

決Decide 済Finish, Settle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '決済 (けっさい)' refers to the act of settling or finalizing a financial transaction. It is commonly used in contexts involving payments, transactions, or clearing debts. For example: The payment was settled「決済が完了しました」(けっさいがかんりょうしました). We need to settle the bill「請求書を決済する必要があります」(せいきゅうしょをけっさいするひつようがあります). This term is often used in business, banking, and e-commerce contexts to indicate the completion of a financial obligation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5293

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Corner

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コーナー (kounaa)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'corner'. It is commonly used to refer to a corner in a physical space, such as a room or a street. It can also be used in various contexts, such as in sports (e.g., a corner kick in soccer) or in stores (e.g., a product corner). For example: The store has a special corner for sweets「その店にはお菓子の特別なコーナーがある」(そのみせにはおかしのとくべつなコーナーがある). Turn left at the next corner「次のコーナーを左に曲がってください」(つぎのコーナーをひだりにまがってください).

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5294

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attempt

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '試み (こころみ)' means 'attempt' or 'effort'. It refers to an act of trying to achieve something, often implying a trial or experiment. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone is trying something new or testing a method. For example: His attempt to climb the mountain was successful「彼の山登りの試みは成功した」(かれのやまのぼりのこころみはせいこうした). This is an attempt to solve the problem「これは問題を解決する試みです」(これはもんだいをかいけつするこころみです). The word can also carry a nuance of experimentation or a preliminary effort, as in 'a trial attempt'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5295

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disk

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ディスク (disuku)' refers to a 'disk', typically used to describe a flat, circular object. This term is commonly used in contexts related to technology, such as computer disks, CDs, DVDs, or hard disks. It can also refer to physical objects like frisbees or other disk-shaped items. For example: Please insert the disk「ディスクを入れてください」(でぃすくをいれてください). I bought a new hard disk「新しいハードディスクを買いました」(あたらしいはーどでぃすくをかいました). The word is borrowed from English and is written in katakana to reflect its foreign origin.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5296

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disposal

Reading

Kanji

廃Waste, Abolish 棄Abandon, Renounce

Explanation

The Japanese noun '廃棄 (はいき)' means 'disposal'. It refers to the act of getting rid of something, often waste or unwanted items, in a systematic or regulated manner. This term is commonly used in contexts related to waste management, recycling, or discarding obsolete items. For example: The disposal of industrial waste is strictly regulated「産業廃棄物の廃棄は厳しく規制されている」(さんぎょうはいきぶつのはいきはきびしくきせいされている). We need to dispose of old documents「古い書類を廃棄する必要がある」(ふるいしょるいをはいきするひつようがある). The word can also imply a sense of finality or irreversibility in the act of discarding.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5297

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bell

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ベル (beru)' means 'bell'. This word is often used to refer to a device that makes a ringing sound, such as a doorbell or a school bell. It can also refer to the sound itself. For example: the bell is ringing「ベルが鳴っている」(べるがなっている). Please press the bell「ベルを押してください」(べるをおしてください). The word 'ベル' is a loanword from the English 'bell', and is commonly used in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5298

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Storage

Reading

Kanji

保Preserve 管Pipe

Explanation

The Japanese noun '保管 (ほかん)' means 'storage'. It refers to the act of keeping or storing something in a safe place for future use. This term is commonly used in contexts related to safekeeping, warehousing, or archiving items. For example: Please keep this document in storage「この書類を保管してください」(このしょるいをほかんしてください). The museum is responsible for the storage of ancient artifacts「博物館は古代の遺物の保管を担当しています」(はくぶつかんはこだいのいぶつのほかんをたんとうしています).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5299

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discussion

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '話し合い (はなしあい)' means 'discussion'. It refers to a conversation or dialogue where people exchange ideas, opinions, or information to reach a mutual understanding or decision. This word is often used in formal or collaborative settings, such as meetings, negotiations, or problem-solving scenarios. For example: We had a discussion about the project「プロジェクトについて話し合いをしました」(ぷろじぇくとについてはなしあいをしました). The discussion led to a good solution「話し合いが良い解決策につながりました」(はなしあいがよいかいけつさくにつながりました). Note that '話し合い' emphasizes the mutual exchange of ideas, unlike one-sided conversations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5301

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dad

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パパ (ぱぱ)' is a casual and affectionate term for 'dad' or 'father'. It is commonly used by children or in informal settings to refer to one's father. This term carries a warm and familiar tone, often evoking a sense of closeness. For example: Dad is coming home「パパが帰ってくる」(ぱぱがかえってくる). I love you, Dad「パパ、大好き」(ぱぱ、だいすき). Note that 'パパ' is more casual than the formal term '父 (ちち)' or the neutral 'お父さん (おとうさん)', and is typically used within the family or among close friends.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5308

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Full, Crowded

Reading

Kanji

満Full 員Member

Explanation

The Japanese noun '満員 (まんいん)' refers to a state of being full or crowded, often used to describe places or vehicles that have reached their maximum capacity. It is commonly used in contexts like public transportation, events, or venues. For example: The train is full「電車は満員です」(でんしゃはまんいんです). The concert was crowded「コンサートは満員でした」(コンサートはまんいんでした). Note that '満員' emphasizes the idea of no more space being available, and it is often used in announcements or signs to indicate capacity limits.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5311

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Full moon

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 満Full

Explanation

The Japanese noun '満月 (まんげつ)' refers to the 'full moon'. This term is used to describe the phase of the moon when it appears fully illuminated from Earth's perspective. It is often associated with beauty, romance, and traditional festivals in Japanese culture. For example: The full moon is beautiful tonight「今夜の満月は美しい」(こんやのまんげつはうつくしい). We watched the full moon together「一緒に満月を見た」(いっしょにまんげつをみた). The full moon is a common theme in poetry and art, symbolizing completeness and perfection.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5312

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Holiday

Reading

Kanji

休Rest 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '休日 (きゅうじつ)' refers to a day off or a holiday. It is commonly used to describe days when people do not work or attend school, such as national holidays, weekends, or personal days off. For example: I will spend the holiday with my family「休日は家族と過ごします」(きゅうじつはかぞくとすごします). Tomorrow is a holiday「明日は休日です」(あしたはきゅうじつです). The word can also imply relaxation or leisure time, as in '休日を楽しむ (きゅうじつをたのしむ) (enjoy the holiday)'. Note that '休日' is distinct from '休み (やすみ)', which can mean a break or rest in a broader sense.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5313

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earth

Reading

Kanji

大Big 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大地 (だいち)' refers to the 'earth' or 'ground' in a broad sense, often emphasizing its vastness or solidity. It is commonly used to describe the physical land or terrain, and can evoke a sense of nature, stability, or foundation. For example: the earth is vast「大地は広い」(だいちはひろい). The earthquake shook the earth「地震が大地を揺るがした」(じしんがだいちをゆるがした). This word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to emphasize the natural world.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5314

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Distribution

Reading

Kanji

配Distribute 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '配分 (はいぶん)' refers to the act or process of distributing or allocating something, such as resources, tasks, or shares. It is often used in contexts involving the fair or strategic division of items among people or groups. For example: The distribution of food was fair「食料の配分は公平だった」(しょくりょうのはいぶんはこうへいだった). We need to discuss the allocation of tasks「タスクの配分について話し合う必要がある」(タスクのはいぶんについてはなしあうひつようがある). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings, particularly in discussions about resource management or planning.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5315

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh 微Slight, Delicate

Explanation

The Japanese noun '微笑 (びしょう)' refers to a 'smile', particularly a gentle or faint smile. It is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe a subtle, soft, or serene expression. For example: Her smile was gentle「彼女の微笑は優しかった」(かのじょのびしょうはやさしかった). The painting captured a faint smile「その絵はかすかな微笑をとらえていた」(そのえはかすかなびしょうをとらえていた). This word carries a nuance of quiet beauty and is less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '笑顔 (えがお)', which is a more general term for a smile.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5316

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carpenter

Reading

Kanji

大Big 工Construction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大工 (だいく)' refers to a 'carpenter', a skilled worker who builds or repairs wooden structures. This term is commonly used to describe professionals who work in construction, particularly with wood. For example: The carpenter built a house「大工が家を建てた」(だいくがいえをたてた). I hired a carpenter to fix the door「ドアを直すために大工を雇った」(ドアをなおすためにだいくをやとった). The word carries a sense of craftsmanship and expertise in woodworking.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5319

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Baby

Reading

Kanji

赤Red 坊Boy, Sonny

Explanation

The Japanese noun '赤ん坊 (あかんぼう)' refers to a baby, typically a newborn or very young infant. The term is often used in a casual or affectionate context. It literally translates to 'red child,' which is a reference to the reddish complexion of newborns. Example sentences: The baby is sleeping「赤ん坊が寝ている」(あかんぼうがねている). She is holding a baby「彼女は赤ん坊を抱いている」(かのじょはあかんぼうをだいている).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5322

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Placename

Reading

Kanji

名Name 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地名 (ちめい)' refers to the name of a place, such as a city, town, village, or geographical location. It is commonly used in contexts related to geography, maps, and addresses. For example: The placename is difficult to read「その地名は読みにくい」(そのちめいはよみにくい). I don't know this placename「この地名を知らない」(このちめいをしらない). The word is often used in formal or written contexts, such as in historical records or official documents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5323

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Help

Reading

Kanji

伝Transmit 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '手伝い (てつだい)' means 'help' or 'assistance'. It refers to the act of helping someone with a task or chore. This word is often used in contexts where someone is providing physical or practical assistance, such as helping with household chores or work tasks. For example: I need help with cleaning「掃除の手伝いが必要です」(そうじのてつだいがひつようです). She gave me help with my homework「彼女は私の宿題の手伝いをしてくれた」(かのじょはわたしのしゅくだいのてつだいをしてくれた). The word can also refer to a person who helps, such as a helper or assistant, but this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5324

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both countries

Reading

Kanji

両Both 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両国 (りょうこく)' refers to 'both countries' or 'two countries'. It is often used in contexts where two nations are being discussed together, such as in diplomatic relations, trade agreements, or cultural exchanges. For example: The relationship between both countries is strong「両国の関係は強い」(りょうこくのかんけいはつよい). Both countries signed the treaty「両国は条約に署名した」(りょうこくはじょうやくにしょめいした). This term is commonly used in formal or official contexts to emphasize the involvement or comparison of two nations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5325

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

View, Prospect

Reading

Kanji

見See 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese noun '見通し (みとおし)' can mean 'view' or 'prospect'. When referring to 'view', it describes a clear line of sight or the ability to see something unobstructed. For example: The view from the mountain is beautiful「山からの見通しは美しい」(やまからのみとおしはうつくしい). When referring to 'prospect', it describes a forecast or outlook for the future, often in a business or planning context. For example: The economic prospects are good「経済の見通しは良い」(けいざいのみとおしはよい). The word can also imply a sense of clarity or understanding, as in having a clear view or understanding of a situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5333

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passage

Reading

Kanji

行Go 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese noun '通行 (つうこう)' refers to the act of passing through or moving along a route, such as a road, street, or pathway. It is often used in contexts involving traffic, pedestrians, or general movement through a space. For example: Pedestrians have the right of passage「歩行者は通行の権利がある」(ほこうしゃはつうこうのけんりがある). This road is closed to passage「この道路は通行止めです」(このどうろはつうこうどめです). The term can also imply the flow or movement of people or vehicles in a specific area, such as in '通行量 (つうこうりょう)', which refers to traffic volume.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5335

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Foot traffic

Reading

Kanji

人Person 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人通り (ひとどおり)' refers to the flow or movement of people, typically in public spaces like streets, shopping areas, or train stations. It is often used to describe how busy or crowded a place is. For example: There is a lot of foot traffic here「ここは人通りが多い」(ここはひとどおりがおおい). The street has little foot traffic at night「夜はこの通りは人通りが少ない」(よるはこのとおりはひとどおりがすくない). This word is commonly used in urban contexts to describe the activity level of a location.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5338

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Restoration

Reading

Kanji

新New 維Fiber, Maintain

Explanation

The Japanese noun '維新 (いしん)' refers to a significant political or social reform, often implying a restoration or renewal of a system. It is most famously associated with the 'Meiji Restoration' (明治維新, めいじいしん), a period in Japanese history (1868) when the feudal system was abolished, and modernization began. The term can also be used metaphorically to describe any major reform or renewal. Example sentences: The Meiji Restoration changed Japan「明治維新は日本を変えた」(めいじいしんはにほんをかえた). The company underwent a major restoration「その会社は大きな維新を経験した」(そのかいしゃはおおきないしんをけいけんした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5340

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fragrance

Reading

Kanji

香Fragrance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '香 (こう)' refers to 'fragrance' or 'scent'. It is often used to describe a pleasant or aromatic smell, such as that of incense, flowers, or perfumes. This word carries a refined and elegant nuance, often associated with traditional Japanese culture, particularly in contexts like tea ceremonies or Buddhist rituals. Example sentences: The fragrance of incense filled the room「香が部屋に満ちた」(こうがへやにみちた). The scent of flowers is delightful「花の香が素敵だ」(はなのかがすてきだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5341

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Salad

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サラダ (さらだ)' means 'salad'. It refers to a dish typically consisting of mixed vegetables, often served with a dressing. This word is a loanword from English, and it is commonly used in the context of food and dining. For example: I ate a salad for lunch「昼ごはんにサラダを食べた」(ひるごはんにさらだをたべた). This salad is delicious「このサラダはおいしい」(このさらだはおいしい). The word 'サラダ' is often used in menus and casual conversations about food.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5342

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Food

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食物 (しょくもつ)' means 'food'. This term is used to refer to any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. It is a more formal or general term compared to everyday words like '食べ物 (たべもの)'. For example: This food is nutritious「この食物は栄養がある」(このしょくもつはえいようがある). We need to store food for the winter「冬のために食物を貯蔵する必要がある」(ふゆのためにしょくもつをちょぞうするひつようがある). The word '食物' is often used in contexts such as nutrition, science, or formal discussions about food.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5343

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carrot

Reading

Kanji

参Participate 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '人参 (にんじん)' refers to the vegetable 'carrot'. It is commonly used in cooking and everyday conversation when referring to this specific vegetable. Example sentences include: I bought carrots at the store「スーパーで人参を買いました」(すーぱーでにんじんをかいました). Carrots are good for your eyes「人参は目に良いです」(にんじんはめにいいです). In some contexts, particularly in historical or traditional settings, '人参' can also refer to ginseng, but this usage is much less common in modern Japanese and typically requires additional context to avoid confusion.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5344

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Material

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ねた' (neta) primarily means 'material' or 'content'. It is often used in contexts such as news, media, or comedy, where it refers to the substance or subject matter that forms the basis of a story, joke, or report. For example: The comedian prepared new material「芸人が新しいねたを用意した」(げいにんがあたらしいねたをよういした). The news anchor discussed the material for the next broadcast「ニュースキャスターが次の放送のねたについて話した」(ニュースキャスターがつぎのほうそうのねたについてはなした). In some contexts, 'ねた' can also refer to ingredients for sushi, but this usage is less common and typically specified within the context of food.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

5345

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Underground

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 道Way 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地下道 (ちかどう)' refers to an 'underground passage' or 'subway'. It is commonly used to describe tunnels or pathways that are built beneath the ground, often for pedestrians or vehicles. For example: The underground passage is convenient「地下道は便利です」(ちかどうはべんりです). We walked through the underground tunnel「私たちは地下道を歩きました」(わたしたちはちかどうをあるきました). This word is often used in urban contexts to describe infrastructure like subway systems or pedestrian underpasses.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5346

Composition

kanji

Handwriting