Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Lose weight

Reading

Kanji

痩Thin

Explanation

The Japanese verb '痩せる (やせる)' means 'to lose weight' or 'to become thin'. It is used to describe the process of reducing body weight or becoming slimmer. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing someone's physical appearance or health. For example: I want to lose weight「痩せたい」(やせたい). She has lost weight recently「彼女は最近痩せた」(かのじょはさいきんやせた). It's important to note that this verb is often used in a neutral or positive context, but it can also imply concern if someone loses too much weight.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3184

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decorate

Reading

Kanji

飾Decorate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飾る (かざる)' means 'to decorate' or 'to adorn'. It is used when embellishing or beautifying something, such as a room, a cake, or even oneself. This verb can be applied to both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: She decorated the room with flowers「彼女は部屋を花で飾った」(かのじょはへやをはなでかざった). He adorned himself with jewelry「彼は宝石で身を飾った」(かれはほうせきでみをかざった). The verb can also imply adding something to enhance appearance or value, as in 'to embellish a story'「話を飾る」(はなしをかざる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3210

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Keep

Reading

Kanji

飼Domesticate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飼う (かう)' means 'to keep' or 'to raise' and is specifically used in the context of keeping animals as pets or livestock. It implies taking care of an animal over time. For example: I keep a dog「犬を飼う」(いぬをかう). They raise chickens「彼らは鶏を飼う」(かれらはにわとりをかう). This verb is commonly used when talking about pets or domesticated animals, and it carries a sense of responsibility and care.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3211

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gather, Align

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'そろう (sorou)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to align' or 'to be in order,' often used when things are arranged neatly or in a specific sequence. For example: The books are aligned on the shelf「本が棚にそろっている」(ほんがたなにそろっている). The second meaning is 'to gather' or 'to assemble,' referring to people or things coming together in one place. For example: Everyone gathered at the park「みんなが公園にそろった」(みんながこうえんにそろった). The verb can be used in both transitive and intransitive forms, depending on the context. It is commonly used in everyday situations to describe organization or the act of coming together.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3212

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Befriend

Reading

Kanji

親Parent

Explanation

The Japanese verb '親しむ (したしむ)' means 'to befriend' or 'to become familiar with'. It is used to describe the process of getting close to someone or something, often implying a sense of intimacy or comfort. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as forming friendships, getting accustomed to a new environment, or developing a liking for something. For example: I want to befriend my new classmates「新しいクラスメートと親しみたい」(あたらしいクラスメートとしたしみたい). He has become familiar with the local culture「彼は地元の文化に親しんでいる」(かれはじもとのぶんかにしたしんでいる). It's important to note that '親しむ' often carries a positive connotation, suggesting a warm and friendly relationship.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3216

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cover, Deceive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ごまかす (ごまかす)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to deceive' or 'to trick', often implying a dishonest act. The second is 'to cover up' or 'to gloss over', which can refer to hiding mistakes or flaws. This verb is commonly used in situations where someone is trying to mislead others or avoid responsibility. For example: He tried to deceive his boss「彼は上司をごまかそうとした」(かれはじょうしをごまかそうとした). She covered up her mistake「彼女はミスをごまかした」(かのじょはミスをごまかした). The verb can also be used in a more casual sense, such as when someone is trying to get away with something without being noticed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3218

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bite, Chew

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'かむ (kamu)' can mean either 'to bite' or 'to chew', depending on the context. When used to mean 'to bite', it refers to the action of using teeth to cut or grip something. For example: the dog bit the bone「犬が骨をかんだ」(いぬがほねをかんだ). When used to mean 'to chew', it refers to the action of grinding food with the teeth. For example: chew your food well「よくかんで食べなさい」(よくかんでたべなさい). The verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as eating or describing animal behavior.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3222

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Endure

Reading

Kanji

堪Endure

Explanation

The Japanese verb '堪る (たまる)' means 'to endure' or 'to bear'. It is often used in negative contexts to express that something is unbearable or intolerable. For example: I can't endure this heat「この暑さには堪らない」(このあつさにはたまらない). It can also be used in a more general sense to describe enduring a difficult situation. For example: He endured the pain「彼は痛みに堪えた」(かれはいたみにたえた). The verb is commonly used in its negative form to express frustration or inability to tolerate something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3233

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Measure

Reading

Kanji

測Measure, Conjecture

Explanation

The Japanese verb '測る (はかる)' means 'to measure'. This verb is used when quantifying or determining the size, amount, degree, or extent of something. It can be applied to physical measurements, such as length or weight, as well as abstract concepts like time or emotions. For example: I measured the length of the table「テーブルの長さを測った」(テーブルのながさをはかった). He measured his blood pressure「彼は血圧を測った」(かれはけつあつをはかった). The verb can also imply assessing or estimating something, such as in '測り知れない (はかりしれない)', meaning 'immeasurable' or 'beyond comprehension'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3243

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rely

Reading

Kanji

頼Ask, Trust

Explanation

The Japanese verb '頼る (たよる)' means 'to rely on' or 'to depend on'. It is used when someone depends on another person, thing, or situation for support or help. This verb often implies a sense of trust or necessity in the reliance. For example: I rely on my friends「私は友達に頼る」(わたしはともだちにたよる). He depends on his parents for money「彼はお金を親に頼る」(かれはおかねをおやにたよる). The verb can also be used in a negative context, such as when someone relies too much on others. Note that '頼る' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the person or thing being relied upon.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3255

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dislike

Reading

Kanji

嫌Dislike

Explanation

The Japanese verb '嫌う (きらう)' means 'to dislike' or 'to avoid'. It is used to express a strong aversion or distaste towards something or someone. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from disliking certain foods to avoiding specific situations or people. For example: I dislike bitter foods「苦い食べ物を嫌う」(にがいたべものをきらう). He avoids crowded places「彼は混雑した場所を嫌う」(かれはこんざつしたばしょをきらう). It's important to note that '嫌う' often carries a stronger connotation than simply not liking something, implying a more active avoidance or rejection.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3284

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Heal

Reading

Kanji

治Cure, Reign

Explanation

The Japanese verb '治る (なおる)' means 'to heal' or 'to recover'. It is commonly used to describe the process of recovering from an illness, injury, or condition. This verb is often used in medical or health-related contexts. For example: my cold has healed「風邪が治った」(かぜがなおった). The wound will heal soon「傷はすぐに治るでしょう」(きずはすぐになおるでしょう). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the resolution of a problem or situation. For example: the situation has improved「状況が治った」(じょうきょうがなおった). Note that '治る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3292

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Probe

Reading

Kanji

探Search

Explanation

The Japanese verb '探る (さぐる)' means 'to probe' or 'to investigate'. It is used to describe the act of searching or exploring something, often with a sense of careful examination or investigation. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically searching for something, investigating a situation, or exploring someone's feelings or intentions. For example: he probed the depths of the cave「彼は洞窟の奥を探った」(かれはどうくつのおくをさぐった). She tried to probe his true intentions「彼女は彼の本当の意図を探ろうとした」(かのじょはかれのほんとうのいとをさぐろうとした). The detective probed the mystery「探偵はその謎を探った」(たんていはそのなぞをさぐった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3300

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respond

Reading

Kanji

応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '応じる (おうじる)' means 'to respond' or 'to comply'. It is used when someone reacts to a request, demand, or situation, often implying a sense of obligation or adaptation. For example: he responded to the request「彼は要請に応じた」(かれはようせいにおうじた). The company complied with the regulations「会社は規制に応じた」(かいしゃはきせいにおうじた). This verb can also imply adapting to circumstances, as in '応じる力 (おうじるちから) (ability to adapt)'. It is important to note that '応じる' often carries a formal tone and is commonly used in professional or serious contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3302

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fill, Wax

Reading

Kanji

満Full

Explanation

The Japanese verb '満ちる (みちる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to fill', which refers to something becoming full or reaching capacity. For example: The glass filled with water「コップが水で満ちた」(コップがみずでみちた). The second meaning is 'to wax', specifically referring to the moon becoming fuller in its lunar cycle. For example: The moon is waxing「月が満ちている」(つきがみちている). The verb is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts, and its usage can vary depending on whether it refers to physical fullness or the lunar cycle.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3320

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reflect

Reading

Kanji

映Reflect

Explanation

The Japanese verb '映る (うつる)' primarily means 'to reflect' or 'to be reflected'. It is often used to describe how images, light, or scenes are reflected on surfaces like mirrors, water, or screens. For example: The moon is reflected in the lake「月が湖に映る」(つきがみずうみにうつる). Additionally, it can also mean 'to appear' or 'to be projected', such as in the context of images appearing on a screen: The movie is showing on the screen「映画がスクリーンに映る」(えいががスクリーンにうつる). This verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3323

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Step

Reading

Kanji

踏Step on, Step

Explanation

The Japanese verb '踏む (ふむ)' primarily means 'to step on' or 'to tread on'. It is used when referring to physically stepping on something, such as the ground or an object. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to follow' or 'to adhere to' a procedure or rule. For example: I stepped on a bug「虫を踏んだ」(むしをふんだ). Please follow the rules「ルールを踏んでください」(ルールをふんでください). Additionally, '踏む' can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '踏み出す (ふみだす)', which means 'to step forward' or 'to take the first step'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3327

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shift

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ずれる (zureru)' means 'to shift' or 'to be off'. It is used to describe something that has moved from its original position or is not aligned correctly. This can refer to physical objects, such as a picture frame that is crooked, or abstract concepts, such as a schedule that has been delayed. For example: the picture frame shifted「額縁がずれた」(がくぶちがずれた). The meeting time shifted「会議の時間がずれた」(かいぎのじかんがずれた). Additionally, 'ずれる' can also imply a deviation from expectations or norms, such as in '彼の考えは現実からずれている (かれのかんがえはげんじつからずれている) (His thinking is out of touch with reality).'

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3328

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thrust, Poke

Reading

Kanji

突Stab, Dash

Explanation

The Japanese verb '突く (つく)' can mean 'poke' or 'thrust'. It is used to describe the action of pushing something sharply or quickly, often with a pointed object. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he poked the balloon with a needle「彼は針で風船を突いた」(かれははりでふうせんをついた). The knight thrust his sword into the enemy「騎士は敵に剣を突いた」(きしはてきにけんをついた). Additionally, '突く' can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase 'to poke fun at someone'「人を突く」(ひとをつく).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3332

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Touch

Reading

Kanji

触Touch, Contact

Explanation

The Japanese verb '触る (さわる)' means 'to touch'. It is used when referring to physically touching something with your hands or fingers. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as touching objects, surfaces, or even people. For example: please do not touch the painting「絵に触らないでください」(えにさわらないでください). I touched the cat and it was soft「猫に触ったらふわふわだった」(ねこにさわったらふわふわだった). It's important to note that '触る' implies a gentle or casual touch, and it is often used in situations where the act of touching is significant or noteworthy.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3343

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffer, Encounter

Reading

Kanji

遭Encounter, Meet with

Explanation

The Japanese verb '遭う (あう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to encounter' or 'to meet', often used in the context of encountering something unexpected or undesirable, such as an accident or misfortune. For example: I encountered a traffic jam「渋滞に遭った」(じゅうたいにあった). The second meaning is 'to suffer' or 'to experience', typically referring to experiencing something negative or unfortunate. For example: He suffered a great loss「彼は大きな損失に遭った」(かれはおおきなそんしつにあった). The verb is often used in situations where the encounter or experience is unplanned and usually negative. It is important to note that '遭う' is distinct from the more neutral verb '会う (あう)', which means 'to meet' in a general sense.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3359

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accumulate

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'たまる (たまる)' means 'to accumulate' or 'to build up'. It is used to describe the gathering or piling up of things, such as objects, substances, or even abstract concepts like stress or emotions. For example: dust accumulates「ほこりがたまる」(ほこりがたまる). Stress builds up「ストレスがたまる」(ストレスがたまる). This verb can also imply a sense of something being stored or collected over time. It is often used in contexts where the accumulation is noticeable or has an impact, such as in 'お金がたまる (おかねがたまる) (money accumulates)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3372

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Prohibit, Forbid

Reading

Kanji

禁Ban, Prohibition

Explanation

The Japanese verb '禁じる (きんじる)' means 'to forbid' or 'to prohibit'. It is used to express the act of officially or formally preventing someone from doing something. This verb is often used in formal or legal contexts. For example: Smoking is prohibited here「ここでは喫煙が禁じられています」(ここではきつえんがきんじられています). The school forbids students from using phones during class「学校は授業中の携帯電話の使用を禁じている」(がっこうはじゅぎょうちゅうのけいたいでんわのしようをきんじている). Note that '禁じる' can also imply a moral or ethical prohibition, not just a legal one.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stay

Reading

Kanji

泊Overnight, Stay overnight

Explanation

The Japanese verb '泊まる (とまる)' means 'to stay' or 'to lodge', typically referring to staying overnight at a place such as a hotel, inn, or someone's home. It is commonly used when talking about accommodations or temporary stays. For example: I stayed at a hotel「ホテルに泊まった」(ほてるにとまった). We will stay at a friend's house「友達の家に泊まる」(ともだちのいえにとまる). This verb is often used in travel or hospitality contexts and implies a temporary stay rather than permanent residence.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3381

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Kanji

交Mix

Explanation

The Japanese verb '交ぜる (まぜる)' means 'to mix'. It is used to describe the action of combining different substances, elements, or items together. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: mix the ingredients「材料を交ぜる」(ざいりょうをまぜる). He mixed truth with lies「彼は真実と嘘を交ぜた」(かれはしんじつとうそをまぜた). The verb can also imply blending or intermingling, such as mixing people in a group「グループに人を交ぜる」(グループにひとをまぜる). Note that '交ぜる' is often used interchangeably with '混ぜる (まぜる)', though '混ぜる' is more commonly used in everyday speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3395

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump out

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び出す (とびだす)' means 'to jump out' or 'to leap out'. It is used to describe the action of suddenly moving out from a place, often with a sense of urgency or surprise. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The cat jumped out of the box「猫が箱から飛び出した」(ねこがはこからとびだした). He suddenly jumped out of the car「彼は急に車から飛び出した」(かれはきゅうにくるまからとびだした). In a figurative sense, it can also mean to suddenly appear or emerge, as in 'The idea jumped out at me during the meeting'「会議中にそのアイデアが飛び出した」(かいぎちゅうにそのアイデアがとびだした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3398

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bury

Reading

Kanji

埋Bury

Explanation

The Japanese verb '埋める (うめる)' primarily means 'to bury'. It is used when referring to the act of covering something completely, often in the ground, such as burying treasure or a time capsule. It can also be used metaphorically to describe hiding or concealing something, like emotions or information. For example: He buried the treasure「彼は宝物を埋めた」(かれはたからものをうめた). She buried her feelings「彼女は感情を埋めた」(かのじょはかんじょうをうめた). Additionally, '埋める' can be used in contexts like filling a gap or hole, such as filling a hole in the ground「地面の穴を埋める」(じめんのあなをうめる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3411

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Praise

Reading

Kanji

褒Praise

Explanation

The Japanese verb '褒める (ほめる)' means 'to praise' or 'to compliment'. It is used when expressing admiration or approval for someone's actions, qualities, or achievements. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal settings. For example: The teacher praised the student「先生は生徒を褒めた」(せんせいはせいとをほめた). I praised my friend for her hard work「私は友達の努力を褒めた」(わたしはともだちのどりょくをほめた). Note that '褒める' is often used in contexts where positive reinforcement or encouragement is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3422

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Settle, Obtain

Reading

Kanji

収Obtain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '収める (おさめる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to obtain' or 'to receive,' often used in contexts where something is acquired or gained, such as profits, results, or achievements. For example: He obtained great results「彼は素晴らしい結果を収めた」(かれはすばらしいけっかをおさめた). The second meaning is 'to settle' or 'to put something in its proper place,' often used in contexts where something is stored, resolved, or concluded. For example: She settled the matter peacefully「彼女はその問題を平和的に収めた」(かのじょはそのもんだいをへいわてきにおさめた). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3428

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lookup

Reading

Kanji

見See 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見上げる (みあげる)' means 'to look up'. This verb is used when someone directs their gaze upward, either literally or metaphorically. It can be used to describe physically looking up at something, such as the sky or a tall building, or metaphorically to express admiration or respect for someone. For example: I looked up at the stars「星を見上げた」(ほしをみあげた). She looked up to her teacher「彼女は先生を見上げた」(かのじょはせんせいをみあげた). It's important to note that this verb is often used in contexts where the subject is looking up at something from a lower position, emphasizing the direction of the gaze.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3451

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expose

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'さらす' (sarasu) means 'to expose'. It is used to describe the act of putting something in a situation where it is vulnerable or visible, often to something harsh or damaging. For example: The sun exposed the paint to fading「太陽が塗料をさらして色あせさせた」(たいようがとりょうをさらしていろあせさせた). The scandal exposed the politician to public criticism「そのスキャンダルは政治家を世間の批判にさらした」(そのスキャンダルはせいじかをせけんのひはんにさらした). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional exposure or vulnerability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3473

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Release

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放つ (はなつ)' primarily means 'to release' or 'to let go'. It is often used in contexts where something is being set free or sent out, such as releasing an animal, firing a weapon, or emitting a sound or light. For example: He released the bird「彼は鳥を放った」(かれはとりをはなった). The soldier fired an arrow「兵士は矢を放った」(へいしはやをはなった). Additionally, '放つ' can be used metaphorically, such as emitting a strong impression or aura, as in: Her presence emits a strong aura「彼女の存在は強いオーラを放っている」(かのじょのそんざいはつよいオーラをはなっている).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3481

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

勤Diligence

Explanation

The Japanese verb '勤める (つとめる)' means 'to work' or 'to be employed'. It specifically refers to working at a job or being employed by a company or organization. This verb is often used to describe one's occupation or employment status. For example: I work at a bank「私は銀行に勤めています」(わたしはぎんこうにつとめています). He works for a big company「彼は大きな会社に勤めている」(かれはおおきなかいしゃにつとめている). Note that '勤める' is distinct from other work-related verbs like '働く (はたらく)', which is more general and can refer to any kind of work or labor.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3489

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Solve, Untie

Reading

Kanji

解Solve, Untie

Explanation

The Japanese verb '解く (とく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to solve', as in solving a problem or puzzle. For example: I solved the math problem「数学の問題を解いた」(すうがくのもんだいをといた). The second meaning is 'to untie', as in untying a knot or untying something that is bound. For example: He untied the rope「彼はロープを解いた」(かれはロープをといた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as untying a mystery or solving a riddle. The context will usually make it clear which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3493

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pour, Bathe

Reading

Kanji

浴Bathe

Explanation

The Japanese verb '浴びる (あびる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pour' or 'to drench', often used when something is being poured over someone or something, such as water or light. The second meaning is 'to bathe', which can refer to showering or soaking in water. This verb is commonly used in contexts involving water, light, or even abstract concepts like attention or criticism. For example: I poured water over my head「頭から水を浴びた」(あたまからみずをあびた). She bathed in the sunlight「彼女は日光を浴びた」(かのじょはにっこうをあびた). He was showered with praise「彼は賞賛を浴びた」(かれはしょうさんをあびた). Note that the nuance of '浴びる' often implies a large or overwhelming amount of something being received or experienced.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3496

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hold, Consist

Reading

Kanji

成Become 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '成り立つ (なりたつ)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to consist of' or 'to be composed of', often used to describe the components or elements that make up something. For example: This theory consists of three parts「この理論は三つの部分で成り立つ」(このりろんはみっつのぶぶんでなりたつ). The second meaning is 'to hold true' or 'to be valid', used to describe whether a statement, argument, or condition remains valid or applicable. For example: His argument holds true「彼の主張は成り立つ」(かれのしゅちょうはなりたつ). The verb is commonly used in formal or academic contexts to discuss the structure or validity of ideas, theories, or systems.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3501

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drift

Reading

Kanji

漂Drift

Explanation

The Japanese verb '漂う (ただよう)' means 'to drift' or 'to float'. It is often used to describe something that moves gently through the air or water, such as a scent, a cloud, or a boat. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a feeling or atmosphere that is present but not clearly defined. For example: the scent of flowers drifts in the air「花の香りが漂う」(はなのかおりがただよう). A mysterious atmosphere drifts in the room「不思議な雰囲気が漂う」(ふしぎなふんいきがただよう). The boat drifts on the calm sea「船が静かな海に漂う」(ふねがしずかなうみにただよう).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3505

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wipe

Reading

Kanji

拭Wipe

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拭く (ふく)' means 'to wipe'. It is commonly used when cleaning or drying surfaces by removing dirt, dust, or moisture. For example: I wiped the table「テーブルを拭いた」(テーブルをふいた). She wiped her tears「彼女は涙を拭いた」(かのじょはなみだをふいた). This verb can also be used metaphorically, such as wiping away worries or problems. It is important to note that '拭く' is often used with objects like cloths or tissues, as in '布で拭く (ぬのでふく) (wipe with a cloth)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3506

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Commit

Reading

Kanji

犯Crime

Explanation

The Japanese verb '犯す (おかす)' primarily means 'to commit' and is most often used in the context of committing a crime, sin, or wrongdoing. It carries a strong negative connotation and is typically associated with serious offenses. For example: he committed a crime「彼は罪を犯した」(かれはつみをおかした). It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to violate' or 'to transgress', such as violating a rule or moral boundary. For example: she violated the rules「彼女はルールを犯した」(かのじょはルールをおかした). This verb is not used in casual or positive contexts and should be handled with care due to its serious implications.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3510

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suffer

Reading

Kanji

苦Suffer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '苦しむ (くるしむ)' means 'to suffer'. It is used to describe physical, emotional, or mental suffering. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as enduring pain, struggling with a problem, or experiencing hardship. For example: he suffers from a chronic illness「彼は慢性の病気で苦しんでいる」(かれはまんせいのびょうきでくるしんでいる). Many people suffer from loneliness「多くの人が孤独に苦しんでいる」(おおくのひとがこどくにくるしんでいる). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as in '苦しむ心 (くるしむこころ)' (a suffering heart).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3511

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Build

Reading

Kanji

築Build, Fabricate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '築く (きずく)' primarily means 'to build' or 'to construct'. It is often used in the context of building physical structures, such as buildings or bridges, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe building relationships, trust, or a career. For example: He built a house「彼は家を築いた」(かれはいえをきずいた). They built a strong relationship「彼らは強い関係を築いた」(かれらはつよいかんけいをきずいた). The verb can also imply the gradual accumulation or establishment of something over time, such as wealth or a reputation. For instance: She built her career over many years「彼女は長年にわたってキャリアを築いた」(かのじょはながねんにわたってキャリアをきずいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3515

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Connect

Reading

Kanji

結Tie, Bind 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '結び付く (むすびつく)' means 'to connect' or 'to be linked'. It is used to describe a relationship or connection between two or more things, whether physical, abstract, or conceptual. This verb often implies a strong or meaningful bond. For example: The two events are connected「二つの出来事が結び付いている」(ふたつのできごとがむすびついている). Their friendship is deeply connected「彼らの友情は深く結び付いている」(かれらのゆうじょうはふかくむすびついている). The verb can also be used in a more literal sense, such as tying or binding objects together, but it is more commonly used in abstract contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3534

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exchange

Reading

Kanji

交Mix

Explanation

The Japanese verb '交わす (かわす)' primarily means 'to exchange'. It is used when referring to the act of exchanging something, such as words, greetings, or promises. This verb often implies a mutual or reciprocal action between two or more parties. For example: they exchanged greetings「彼らは挨拶を交わした」(かれらはあいさつをかわした). We exchanged business cards「私たちは名刺を交わした」(わたしたちはめいしをかわした). Additionally, '交わす' can sometimes imply a brief or casual exchange, rather than a deep or prolonged interaction. It is important to note that this verb is often used in formal or polite contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3545

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oppose

Reading

Kanji

反Anti

Explanation

The Japanese verb '反する (はんする)' means 'to oppose' or 'to go against'. It is used to describe actions, opinions, or situations that are in direct contradiction or opposition to something else. For example: his actions oppose the rules「彼の行動は規則に反する」(かれのこうどうはきそくにはんする). The result was contrary to expectations「結果は予想に反していた」(けっかはよそうにはんしていた). This verb is often used in formal or written contexts to express contradiction or opposition.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3564

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bear

Reading

Kanji

担Bear, Carry

Explanation

The Japanese verb '担う (になう)' means 'to bear' or 'to shoulder' in the sense of taking on responsibility, duty, or a burden. It is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as discussing roles, responsibilities, or tasks that require significant effort or commitment. For example: He bears the responsibility of the project「彼はそのプロジェクトの責任を担う」(かれはそのプロジェクトのせきにんをになう). The company shoulders the mission of innovation「その会社は革新の使命を担う」(そのかいしゃはかくしんのしめいをになう). This verb can also imply a sense of pride or importance in the role being undertaken.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3567

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discuss

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '話し合う (はなしあう)' means 'to discuss' or 'to talk something over'. It is used when two or more people exchange opinions or ideas to reach a mutual understanding or decision. This verb emphasizes the collaborative nature of the conversation. For example: Let's discuss the plan「計画を話し合いましょう」(けいかくをはなしあいましょう). They discussed the problem for hours「彼らは何時間もその問題を話し合った」(かれらはなんじかんもそのもんだいをはなしあった). Note that '話し合う' often implies a deeper or more formal discussion compared to casual conversations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3568

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Guide

Reading

Kanji

導Lead, Guide

Explanation

The Japanese verb '導く (みちびく)' means 'to guide' or 'to lead'. It is used to describe the act of showing someone the way, either physically or metaphorically. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as guiding someone through a process, leading a group, or even guiding someone to a conclusion. For example: The teacher guided the students to the correct answer「先生は生徒を正しい答えに導いた」(せんせいはせいとをただしいこたえにみちびいた). He guided the team to victory「彼はチームを勝利に導いた」(かれはチームをしょうりにみちびいた). The verb can also imply a sense of influence or direction, as in guiding someone's thoughts or actions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3580

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Squat

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'しゃがむ' means 'to squat'. It describes the action of bending one's knees and lowering the body, often to rest or to reach something low. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as when picking something up from the ground or sitting in a relaxed position. For example: He squatted to tie his shoelaces「彼は靴ひもを結ぶためにしゃがんだ」(かれはくつひもをむすぶためにしゃがんだ). The child squatted to look at the flowers「子供は花を見るためにしゃがんだ」(こどもははなをみるためにしゃがんだ). Note that 'しゃがむ' is often used in casual contexts and can imply a temporary or informal posture.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3586

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lose

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese verb '無くす (なくす)' means 'to lose' something. It is used when someone no longer has possession of an item or when something disappears. This verb is often used in everyday situations, such as losing a personal item or misplacing something. For example: I lost my wallet「財布を無くした」(さいふをなくした). She lost her keys「彼女は鍵を無くした」(かのじょはかぎをなくした). It can also be used metaphorically, such as losing hope or losing one's way. Note that this verb is transitive and requires an object to indicate what is being lost.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3589

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept, Undertake

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 受Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き受ける (ひきうける)' primarily means 'to undertake' or 'to accept' a responsibility, task, or role. It implies taking on something that requires effort or commitment. For example: I will undertake this project「このプロジェクトを引き受けます」(このプロジェクトをひきうけます). He accepted the role of team leader「彼はチームリーダーの役割を引き受けた」(かれはチームリーダーのやくわりをひきうけた). The verb can also be used in contexts where someone takes responsibility for a situation or outcome, such as in 'She accepted the blame for the mistake「彼女はそのミスの責任を引き受けた」(かのじょはそのミスのせきにんをひきうけた).' The nuance of '引き受ける' often conveys a sense of willingness or readiness to handle something challenging.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3592

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Follow

Reading

Kanji

次Next

Explanation

The Japanese verb '次ぐ (つぐ)' means 'to follow' or 'to come next'. It is often used to describe something that follows in sequence, rank, or time. For example: The second place team follows the first「2位のチームは1位に次ぐ」(にいのチームはいちいにつぐ). This event follows the previous one「このイベントは前のものに次ぐ」(このイベントはまえのものにつぐ). The verb can also imply succession or ranking, such as in '次ぐ地位 (つぐちい) (next in rank)'. Note that '次ぐ' is often used in formal or written contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Break

Reading

Kanji

壊Demolition, Break down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '壊れる (こわれる)' means 'to break' or 'to be broken'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it describes something that breaks on its own or becomes non-functional without an external agent being specified. This verb is commonly used for objects, machines, or systems that stop working or become damaged. For example: The watch broke「時計が壊れた」(とけいがこわれた). The computer broke down「パソコンが壊れた」(パソコンがこわれた). Note that '壊れる' implies the state of being broken, whereas '壊す (こわす)' is the transitive form, meaning 'to break something'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3604

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Kanji

改Reform

Explanation

The Japanese verb '改まる (あらたまる)' primarily means 'to reform' or 'to change for the better'. It is often used in contexts where something is being improved, revised, or made more formal. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative senses, such as reforming a system or changing one's behavior. For example: The company reformed its policies「会社は方針を改まった」(かいしゃはほうしんをあらたまった). His attitude changed for the better「彼の態度が改まった」(かれのたいどがあらたまった). It's important to note that this verb often carries a connotation of positive change or improvement.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3606

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lay

Reading

Kanji

敷Spread, Lay

Explanation

The Japanese verb '敷く (しく)' primarily means 'to lay' or 'to spread out'. It is used when placing something flat over a surface, such as laying down a carpet, spreading out a blanket, or even laying railroad tracks. For example: I laid a carpet in the room「部屋にカーペットを敷いた」(へやにかーぺっとをしいた). They are laying new train tracks「新しい線路を敷いている」(あたらしいせんろをしいている). Additionally, '敷く' can be used metaphorically, such as establishing rules or foundations. For example: The company laid down new rules「会社は新しい規則を敷いた」(かいしゃはあたらしいきそくをしいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3610

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Throw, Neglect

Reading

Kanji

放Release

Explanation

The Japanese verb '放る (ほうる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to throw', which refers to the action of tossing or hurling something. For example: he threw the ball「彼はボールを放った」(かれはボールをほうった). The second meaning is 'to neglect', which refers to ignoring or disregarding something. For example: she neglected her duties「彼女は仕事を放った」(かのじょはしごとをほうった). The verb can be used in both casual and formal contexts, but the nuance of neglect is more common in informal speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3611

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accept, Catch

Reading

Kanji

受Accept 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受け止める (うけとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch', as in physically catching something. For example: he caught the ball「彼はボールを受け止めた」(かれはボールをうけとめた). The second meaning is 'to accept', often used in a more abstract or emotional sense, such as accepting responsibility or feelings. For example: she accepted his feelings「彼女は彼の気持ちを受け止めた」(かのじょはかれのきもちをうけとめた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it important to consider the surrounding words to determine the intended meaning.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3619

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Offer

Reading

Kanji

差Difference 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '差し出す (さしだす)' primarily means 'to offer' or 'to present something by extending it towards someone. It is often used in contexts where something is handed over or extended, such as offering a document, a hand, or an item. For example: He offered his business card「彼は名刺を差し出した」(かれはめいしをさしだした). She offered her hand to help him up「彼女は手を差し出して彼を助けた」(かのじょはてをさしだしてかれをたすけた). The verb can also imply a sense of giving or presenting something formally or politely. Note that the action typically involves physically extending something towards another person.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3620

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incorporate, Embed

Reading

Kanji

組Association, Group 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '組み込む (くみこむ)' means 'to incorporate' or 'to embed'. It is used when something is integrated or built into a system, structure, or plan. This verb often implies that the incorporated element becomes an essential or inseparable part of the whole. For example: The new feature was incorporated into the software「新しい機能がソフトウェアに組み込まれた」(あたらしいきのうがソフトウェアにくみこまれた). He embedded the code into the program「彼はコードをプログラムに組み込んだ」(かれはコードをプログラムにくみこんだ). The verb is commonly used in technical, organizational, or creative contexts to describe the process of adding or integrating components.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3622

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tease

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'からかう (からかう)' means 'to tease'. It is used when someone is making fun of another person in a playful or sometimes slightly mocking way. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as among friends or when someone is trying to provoke a reaction. For example: He teased his little sister「彼は妹をからかった」(かれはいもうとをからかった). Don't tease the dog「犬をからかわないで」(いぬをからかわないで). It's important to note that while 'からかう' can be playful, it can also sometimes be perceived as annoying or hurtful depending on the context and tone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3634

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '下す (くだす)' primarily means 'to decide' or 'to make a decision'. It is often used in formal or authoritative contexts, such as when a judge makes a ruling or when a leader makes an important decision. For example: The judge decided the case「裁判官は判決を下した」(さいばんかんははんけつをくだした). The government decided on the policy「政府は政策を下した」(せいふはせいさくをくだした). Additionally, '下す' can also mean 'to pass (something) down' or 'to give orders', but these meanings are less common and context-dependent. For example: The king gave orders to his subjects「王は臣下に命令を下した」(おうはしんかにめいれいをくだした).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3641

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attempt

Reading

Kanji

試Try, Attempt

Explanation

The Japanese verb '試みる (こころみる)' means 'to attempt' or 'to try'. It is used when someone makes an effort to do something, often implying that the action is experimental or involves some degree of challenge. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I will attempt to solve this problem「この問題を解決しようと試みる」(このもんだいをかいけつしようとこころみる). He attempted to climb the mountain「彼は山に登ろうと試みた」(かれはやまにのぼろうとこころみた). The verb can also be used to describe trying out new methods or ideas, as in '新しい方法を試みる (あたらしいほうほうをこころみる) (to try a new method)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3648

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Load, Publish

Reading

Kanji

載Load, Publish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '載せる (のせる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to load' or 'to place something on top of something else'. For example: I loaded the boxes onto the truck「箱をトラックに載せた」(はこをトラックにのせた). The second meaning is 'to publish' or 'to include something in a publication'. For example: The article was published in the newspaper「その記事は新聞に載せられた」(そのきじはしんぶんにのせられた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when someone's name is included in a list or when information is shared publicly. For example: Her name was listed on the website「彼女の名前がウェブサイトに載せられた」(かのじょのなまえがウェブサイトにのせられた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3660

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fatten

Reading

Kanji

太Thick, Fat

Explanation

The Japanese verb '太る (ふとる)' means 'to gain weight' or 'to become fat'. It is used to describe the process of increasing body weight, often due to overeating or lack of exercise. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing someone's physical condition or discussing health and diet. For example: I gained weight「太った」(ふとった). She is worried about gaining weight「彼女は太ることを心配している」(かのじょはふとることをしんぱいしている). It's important to note that '太る' is often used in a neutral or negative context, and it can be sensitive when referring to someone's weight.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3674

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

効Effective

Explanation

The Japanese verb '効く (きく)' means 'to work' or 'to be effective'. It is commonly used to describe the effectiveness of something, such as medicine, methods, or strategies. For example: This medicine works「この薬は効く」(このくすりはきく). His plan worked「彼の計画は効いた」(かれのけいかくはきいた). It can also be used in a broader sense to indicate that something has an impact or influence. For instance: Her words worked on him「彼女の言葉が彼に効いた」(かのじょのことばがかれにきいた). Note that '効く' is often used in contexts where the effectiveness of something is being evaluated or observed.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3680

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make, Brew

Reading

Kanji

造Make, Build

Explanation

The Japanese verb '造る (つくる)' primarily means 'to make' or 'to create'. It is often used in contexts involving the creation or production of something tangible, such as food, drinks, or objects. For example: He makes wine「彼はワインを造る」(かれはワインをつくる). The second meaning, 'to brew', is specific to the production of alcoholic beverages like sake or beer. For example: They brew sake at this factory「この工場では酒を造る」(このこうじょうではさけをつくる). The verb can also imply a sense of craftsmanship or careful production, especially when used in traditional or artisanal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3681

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chant, Assert

Reading

Kanji

唱Chant

Explanation

The Japanese verb '唱える (となえる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to chant', often used in the context of reciting or repeating something rhythmically, such as a prayer, mantra, or slogan. For example: he chanted a prayer「彼は祈りを唱えた」(かれはいのりをとなえた). The second meaning is 'to assert' or 'to claim', used when someone states or declares something firmly, often in a formal or argumentative context. For example: she asserted her opinion「彼女は意見を唱えた」(かのじょはけんをとなえた). The verb can also imply a sense of advocating or proposing an idea. Note that the nuance of '唱える' in the context of asserting often carries a formal or authoritative tone.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3682

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visit, Ask

Reading

Kanji

伺Inquire, Pay respects

Explanation

The Japanese verb '伺う (うかがう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to ask' or 'to inquire', often used in polite or formal situations. For example: I would like to ask a question「質問を伺いたいです」(しつもんをうかがいたいです). The second meaning is 'to visit', also used in a polite or humble context. For example: I will visit your office tomorrow「明日、御社に伺います」(あした、おんしゃにうかがいます). This verb is commonly used in business or formal settings to show respect or humility.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3695

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sway

Reading

Kanji

揺Rock, Shake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '揺れる (ゆれる)' means 'to sway' or 'to shake'. It is used to describe the movement of something that is not firmly fixed, such as trees in the wind, a boat on the water, or even emotions. For example: The trees sway in the wind「木が風で揺れる」(きがかぜでゆれる). The boat swayed on the waves「船が波で揺れた」(ふねがなみでゆれた). Her heart swayed with emotion「彼女の心は感情で揺れた」(かのじょのこころはかんじょうでゆれた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe indecision or emotional instability.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3696

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expel

Reading

Kanji

追Follow 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '追い出す (おいだす)' means 'to expel' or 'to drive out'. It is used when someone or something is forcibly removed from a place. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as expelling a person from a room, driving out animals, or even metaphorically expelling negative thoughts. For example: The teacher expelled the noisy student from the classroom「先生はうるさい生徒を教室から追い出した」(せんせいはうるさいせいとをきょうしつからおいだした). They drove the stray cat out of the garden「彼らは野良猫を庭から追い出した」(かれらはのらねこをにわからおいだした). The verb '追い出す' often carries a sense of force or urgency, implying that the action is not voluntary on the part of the person or thing being expelled.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3704

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrust

Reading

Kanji

預Deposit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '預ける (あずける)' means 'to entrust' or 'to leave something in someone's care'. It is commonly used when you want to leave an object, responsibility, or even a person in the care of someone else. For example: I entrusted my bag to the hotel「ホテルに荷物を預けた」(ほてるににもつをあずけた). She left her child with her friend「彼女は友達に子供を預けた」(かのじょはともだちにこどもをあずけた). This verb implies a sense of trust and reliance on the person being entrusted. It can also be used in financial contexts, such as depositing money in a bank.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3713

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Treat, Arrogant

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'おごる (おごる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to treat' or 'to pay for someone else', often used in the context of paying for a meal or drinks for someone else. For example: I will treat you to dinner「夕食をおごるよ」(ゆうしょくをおごるよ). The second meaning is 'to be arrogant' or 'to be haughty', describing someone who behaves in a superior or condescending manner. For example: He is arrogant「彼はおごっている」(かれはおごっている). These two meanings are unrelated and should be considered separately based on the context in which the verb is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3720

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Recover

Reading

Kanji

取Take 戻Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り戻す (とりもどす)' means 'to recover' or 'to regain'. It is used when someone retrieves something that was lost, taken, or diminished. This can apply to physical objects, abstract concepts like time or health, or even emotional states. For example: I recovered my lost wallet「なくした財布を取り戻した」(なくしたさいふをとりもどした). She regained her confidence「彼女は自信を取り戻した」(かのじょはじしんをとりもどした). The verb often implies effort or struggle in the process of recovery. It can also be used in contexts like recovering lost time or reclaiming a position or status.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3742

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Raise, Withdraw

Reading

Kanji

引Pull 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '引き上げる (ひきあげる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to raise' or 'to lift up', often used in contexts involving physical elevation or increasing something. For example: they raised the flag「彼らは旗を引き上げた」(かれらははたをひきあげた). The second meaning is 'to withdraw' or 'to pull back', commonly used in contexts involving retreating or removing something. For example: the troops withdrew from the area「部隊はその地域から引き上げた」(ぶたいはそのちいきからひきあげた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as withdrawing money or raising prices. Note that the meaning depends heavily on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3743

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Turn, Flip

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'めくる (mekuru)' primarily means 'to turn' or 'to flip'. It is commonly used when referring to turning or flipping pages of a book, magazine, or any other object with pages. For example: Please turn the page「ページをめくってください」(ぺーじをめくってください). She flipped through the photo album「彼女は写真アルバムをめくった」(かのじょはしゃしんあるばむをめくった). Additionally, 'めくる' can also be used metaphorically to describe turning over a new leaf or changing a situation, as in '新しい章をめくる (あたらしいしょうをめくる) (to turn a new chapter)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3744

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cover

Reading

Kanji

被Incur, Be subjected to

Explanation

The Japanese verb '被せる (かぶせる)' means 'to cover' or 'to place something over another object'. It is often used when describing the action of covering something with a lid, a cloth, or another object. For example: She covered the pot with a lid「彼女は鍋に蓋を被せた」(かのじょはなべにふたをかぶせた). He covered the child with a blanket「彼は子供に毛布を被せた」(かれはこどもにもうふをかぶせた). Additionally, '被せる' can also be used metaphorically, such as when blaming someone else for a mistake: They tried to cover the mistake by blaming me「彼らは私に責任を被せようとした」(かれらはわたしにせきにんをかぶせようとした). This verb is transitive and requires a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3750

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Useful

Reading

Kanji

役Duty 立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '役立つ (やくだつ)' means 'to be useful' or 'to serve a purpose'. It is often used to describe something or someone that provides practical help or value in a specific situation. For example: This book is useful for studying「この本は勉強に役立つ」(このほんはべんきょうにやくだつ). His advice was very useful「彼のアドバイスはとても役立った」(かれのアドバイスはとてもやくだった). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate something is not useful, as in '役立たない (やくだたない) (not useful)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3755

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Address

Reading

Kanji

話Talk 掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '話し掛ける (はなしかける)' means 'to address' or 'to start a conversation with someone'. It is used when someone initiates a conversation or speaks to another person, often to get their attention or to begin a dialogue. This verb implies an action of reaching out verbally to someone. For example: She addressed the stranger「彼女は見知らぬ人に話し掛けた」(かのじょはみしらぬひとにはなしかけた). He started a conversation with his colleague「彼は同僚に話し掛けた」(かれはどうりょうにはなしかけた). The verb can be used in various contexts, from casual to formal, depending on the situation and the relationship between the speakers.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3762

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emerge

Reading

Kanji

出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出でる (いでる)' means 'to emerge' or 'to appear'. It is an archaic or literary verb, often used in classical Japanese or poetic contexts. It describes something coming into view or becoming visible. For example: The sun emerged from behind the clouds「雲の間から太陽が出でる」(くものあいからたいようがいでる). This verb is less commonly used in modern conversational Japanese, where '出る (でる)' is more frequently used. However, '出でる' carries a more elegant or refined nuance, making it suitable for artistic or formal writing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3771

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 来Come 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出来上がる (できあがる)' means 'to be completed' or 'to be finished'. It is often used to describe the completion of a task, project, or creation. This verb implies that something has reached its final state and is ready for use or presentation. For example: the cake is complete「ケーキが出来上がった」(ケーキができあがった). The painting is finished「絵が出来上がった」(えができあがった). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when describing the completion of a plan or idea. Note that this verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3784

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Burn

Reading

Kanji

燃Burn

Explanation

The Japanese verb '燃える (もえる)' means 'to burn'. It is used to describe the process of combustion, where something is consumed by fire. This verb can be used for both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: the wood is burning「木が燃えている」(きがもえている). His passion for music burns brightly「彼の音楽への情熱が燃えている」(かれのおんがくへのじょうねつがもえている). Additionally, '燃える' can be used to describe intense emotions or desires, such as a burning ambition or a burning love.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3785

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skip

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'サボる (saboru)' means 'to skip' or 'to play hooky'. It is a slang term derived from the French word 'sabotage', and is commonly used to describe skipping work, school, or other responsibilities. For example: He skipped work today「彼は今日仕事をサボった」(かれはきょうしごとをサボった). I skipped class yesterday「私は昨日授業をサボった」(わたしはきのうじゅぎょうをサボった). This verb is often used in casual conversations and can carry a slightly negative connotation, implying laziness or irresponsibility.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3786

Composition

hiragana-katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Jump into

Reading

Kanji

飛Fly 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飛び込む (とびこむ)' means 'to jump into' or 'to dive into'. It is used to describe the action of leaping or plunging into something, such as water, a situation, or a new activity. This verb can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: He jumped into the pool「彼はプールに飛び込んだ」(かれはプールにとびこんだ). She decided to dive into the new project「彼女は新しいプロジェクトに飛び込むことにした」(かのじょはあたらしいプロジェクトにとびこむことにした). The verb can also imply a sense of urgency or spontaneity, as in jumping into action without hesitation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3793

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Squeeze, Wring

Reading

Kanji

絞Wring, Strangle

Explanation

The Japanese verb '絞る (しぼる)' primarily means 'to squeeze' or 'to wring'. It is used when applying pressure to extract liquid or to tighten something. For example, squeezing juice from a fruit: I squeezed the juice from the orange「オレンジのジュースを絞った」(オレンジのジュースをしぼった). Wringing out a wet towel: She wrung out the wet towel「彼女は濡れたタオルを絞った」(かのじょはぬれたタオルをしぼった). Additionally, '絞る' can be used metaphorically to describe exerting effort or focusing intensely, such as in concentrating one's mind: He concentrated his mind on the problem「彼はその問題に頭を絞った」(かれはそのもんだいにあたまをしぼった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3803

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remove

Reading

Kanji

脱Remove, Undress

Explanation

The Japanese verb '脱ぐ (ぬぐ)' means 'to remove' and is specifically used for taking off clothes, shoes, or accessories. It is commonly used in daily conversations when referring to undressing or removing something worn on the body. For example: I took off my shoes「靴を脱いだ」(くつをぬいだ). Please remove your hat「帽子を脱いでください」(ぼうしをぬいでください). This verb is often used in polite or formal contexts, such as when entering a Japanese home or a traditional tatami room, where it is customary to remove shoes.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3806

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Grow

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生える (はえる)' means 'to grow' and is specifically used to describe the growth of plants, hair, or other natural elements. It implies something sprouting or emerging naturally. For example: Grass grows in the garden「庭に草が生える」(にわにくさがはえる). My beard is growing「ひげが生えてきた」(ひげがはえてきた). This verb is often used in contexts related to natural processes, such as plants growing or hair sprouting. It is not typically used for artificial or man-made growth.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3820

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Separate

Reading

Kanji

離Detach, Separate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '離す (はなす)' means 'to separate' or 'to detach'. It is used when describing the action of moving something away from another thing, creating distance or disconnection. This verb can be used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: please separate the papers「紙を離してください」(かみをはなしてください). He detached himself from the group「彼はグループから離した」(かれはグループからはなした). Note that '離す' often implies an intentional action of separation, distinguishing it from similar verbs like '離れる (はなれる)', which means 'to be separated' or 'to leave'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3821

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sink

Reading

Kanji

沈Sink

Explanation

The Japanese verb '沈める (しずめる)' means 'to sink' something, typically referring to causing an object to submerge or go underwater. It is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object (e.g., sinking a ship). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe causing someone or something to fall into a state of despair or ruin. Example sentences: He sank the boat「彼は船を沈めた」(かれはふねをしずめた). The bad news sank her spirits「悪い知らせは彼女の気持ちを沈めた」(わるいしらせはかのじょのきもちをしずめた). Note that '沈める' is distinct from '沈む (しずむ)', which is intransitive and means 'to sink' on its own.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3827

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

返Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '返る (かえる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is often used to describe the act of returning to a place, state, or condition. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as returning home, returning to a previous state, or even returning an item. For example: I will return home「家に返る」(いえにかえる). The book returned to the library「本が図書館に返った」(ほんがとしょかんにかえった). It's important to note that '返る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. Instead, it often pairs with particles like 'に' to indicate the destination or target of the return.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3830

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wet

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'ぬれる (nureru)' means 'to get wet'. It is used to describe something or someone becoming wet, often due to exposure to water or another liquid. This verb is commonly used in everyday situations, such as when clothes, hair, or objects get wet. For example: My clothes got wet in the rain「服が雨でぬれた」(ふくがあめでぬれた). The towel is wet「タオルがぬれている」(タオルがぬれている). Note that 'ぬれる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express the action of making something wet, the transitive verb 'ぬらす (nurasu)' is used instead.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

3831

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cool

Reading

Kanji

冷Cold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '冷ます (さます)' means 'to cool'. This verb is used when referring to the action of reducing the temperature of something, typically food or drinks, to make it suitable for consumption or handling. It can also be used metaphorically to describe cooling down emotions or situations. For example: I cooled the tea「お茶を冷ました」(おちゃをさました). She cooled her anger「彼女は怒りを冷ました」(かのじょはおこりをさました). Note that '冷ます' is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being cooled.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3836

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bring in

Reading

Kanji

持Hold 込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '持ち込む (もちこむ)' means 'to bring in' or 'to carry in.' It is used when someone brings something into a specific place or context. This verb can be used in both literal contexts, such as bringing an object into a room, or figurative contexts, such as introducing an idea or issue into a conversation. For example: He brought his own food into the restaurant 「彼は自分の食べ物を持ち込んだ」 (かれはじぶんのたべものをもちこんだ). The lawyer introduced new evidence into the case 「弁護士は新しい証拠を持ち込んだ」 (べんごしはあたらしいしょうこをもちこんだ). Note that this verb is often used in situations where the act of bringing in something may have an impact on the surrounding environment or situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3881

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Incorporate, Adopt

Reading

Kanji

取Take 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取り入れる (とりいれる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to adopt', often used when referring to adopting ideas, methods, or systems. The second is 'to incorporate', which can refer to physically bringing something in or integrating something into a system. For example: The company adopted new technology「その会社は新しい技術を取り入れた」(そのかいしゃはあたらしいぎじゅつをとりいれた). She incorporated fresh ingredients into her cooking「彼女は新鮮な食材を料理に取り入れた」(かのじょはしんせんなしょくざいをりょうりにとりいれた). This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe the process of integrating or adopting something new.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3893

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crowded

Reading

Kanji

込Put in, Crowded

Explanation

The Japanese verb '込む (こむ)' primarily means 'to be crowded' or 'to be packed'. It is used to describe places or situations where there is a large number of people or things in a confined space, making it feel full or congested. For example: The train is crowded「電車が込んでいる」(でんしゃがこんでいる). The park is crowded on weekends「週末は公園が込んでいる」(しゅうまつはこうえんがこんでいる). Additionally, '込む' can also be used in compound verbs to indicate that something is done thoroughly or deeply, such as in '考え込む (かんがえこむ)' which means 'to think deeply'. However, the primary and most common usage of '込む' is to describe crowdedness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3898

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bend

Reading

Kanji

曲Music, Bend

Explanation

The Japanese verb '曲がる (まがる)' means 'to bend' or 'to curve'. It is used to describe something that changes direction or shape, such as a road, a line, or an object. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe a change in behavior or attitude. For example: The road bends to the right「道が右に曲がる」(みちがみぎにまがる). The metal rod bent under the weight「金属の棒が重みで曲がった」(きんぞくのぼうがおもみでまがった). He never bends the rules「彼は決してルールを曲げない」(かれはけっしてルールをまげない). Note that '曲がる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object, while its transitive counterpart '曲げる (まげる)' means 'to bend something'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3910

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pray

Reading

Kanji

祈Pray

Explanation

The Japanese verb '祈る (いのる)' means 'to pray'. It is used when someone is making a wish or request to a higher power, such as a deity or the universe, often for the well-being of oneself or others. It can also be used in a more general sense to express a strong hope or desire for something to happen. For example: I pray for your happiness「あなたの幸せを祈ります」(あなたのしあわせをいのります). She prayed for good weather「彼女は良い天気を祈った」(かのじょはよいてんきをいのった). The verb can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it often carries a sense of earnestness or sincerity.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3914

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Throw

Reading

Kanji

投Throw

Explanation

The Japanese verb '投げる (なげる)' means 'to throw'. It is used to describe the action of propelling something through the air with force, typically using the hands. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as throwing a ball, discarding something, or even metaphorically, like giving up on something. For example: he throws the ball「彼はボールを投げる」(かれはボールをなげる). I threw away the old magazine「古い雑誌を投げた」(ふるいざっしをなげた). In a more abstract sense, it can also mean to abandon or give up, as in 'he gave up on the project'「彼はプロジェクトを投げた」(かれはプロジェクトをなげた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3932

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Earn

Reading

Kanji

稼Work, Earnings

Explanation

The Japanese verb '稼ぐ (かせぐ)' primarily means 'to earn' or 'to make money'. It is commonly used in contexts related to work, labor, or any activity that generates income. For example: He earns a lot of money「彼はたくさん稼ぐ」(かれはたくさんかせぐ). I need to earn more to support my family「家族を養うためにもっと稼ぐ必要がある」(かぞくをやしなうためにもっとかせぐひつようがある). Additionally, '稼ぐ' can also imply working hard or putting in effort to achieve something, not just financially. For instance: She worked hard to earn her promotion「彼女は昇進を稼ぐために一生懸命働いた」(かのじょはしょうしんをかせぐためにいっしょうけんめいはたらいた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3939

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Impose

Reading

Kanji

押Push, Press down 付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '押し付ける (おしつける)' means 'to impose' or 'to force something onto someone'. It is often used when someone is making another person accept or deal with something they may not want, such as responsibilities, opinions, or tasks. This verb carries a nuance of pressure or coercion. For example: He imposed his opinion on me「彼は意見を私に押し付けた」(かれはけんをわたしにおしつけた). Don't force your work onto others「仕事を他人に押し付けないで」(しごとをたにんにおしつけないで). The verb can also imply a physical action of pressing or pushing something onto someone or something, though this usage is less common.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3950

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Peel

Reading

Kanji

剥Peel off

Explanation

The Japanese verb '剥く (むく)' means 'to peel'. It is commonly used when referring to removing the outer layer or skin of something, such as fruits, vegetables, or even objects. For example: I peeled the apple「リンゴを剥いた」(りんごをむいた). He peeled the potato「彼はジャガイモを剥いた」(かれはじゃがいもをむいた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe stripping away layers of something abstract, such as emotions or concepts. However, the primary and most common usage is in the context of physically peeling something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3964

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Collapse, Crumble

Reading

Kanji

崩Collapse, Crumble

Explanation

The Japanese verb '崩れる (くずれる)' primarily means 'collapse' or 'crumble'. It is used to describe something physically falling apart or breaking down, such as a building, structure, or even a pile of objects. It can also be used metaphorically to describe plans, systems, or emotional states breaking down. For example: The old wall collapsed「古い壁が崩れた」(ふるいかべがくずれた). The plan fell apart due to lack of support「計画は支持不足で崩れた」(けいかくはしじぶそくでくずれた). Note that this verb often implies a sudden or gradual breakdown, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3985

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting