Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

As usual

Reading

Kanji

相Mutual 変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '相変わらず (あいかわらず)' means 'as usual' or 'still.' It is used to describe a situation or condition that remains unchanged over time, often implying continuity from the past to the present. This word can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation. For example: He is still late as usual 「彼は相変わらず遅刻している」 (かれはあいかわらずちこくしている). The weather is still hot as usual 「天気は相変わらず暑い」 (てんきはあいかわらずあつい). Note that '相変わらず' is often used to convey a sense of familiarity or unchanging nature, whether it's about a habit, a state, or a condition.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3558

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plenty

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'たっぷり (たっぷり)' means 'plenty' or 'abundantly'. It is used to describe a large or sufficient quantity of something, often implying that there is more than enough. This word can be used in various contexts, such as time, quantity, or even emotions. For example: I slept plenty「たっぷり寝た」(たっぷりねた). There is plenty of time「たっぷり時間がある」(たっぷりじかんがある). The soup has plenty of vegetables「スープにはたっぷり野菜が入っている」(スープにはたっぷりやさいがはいっている). The word 'たっぷり' often conveys a sense of satisfaction or generosity in the amount provided.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3559

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Moreover

Reading

Kanji

況Situation, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '況して (まして)' means 'moreover' or 'even more so'. It is used to emphasize a point, often in situations where something is already true or expected, and another related point is even more so. It is commonly used in comparisons or to strengthen an argument. For example: He can't even run, moreover, he can't jump「彼は走れない、況して跳べない」(かれははしれない、ましてとべない). If adults struggle, moreover, children will find it even harder「大人でも難しい、況して子供にはもっと難しい」(おとなでもむずかしい、ましてこどもにはもっとむずかしい). This word is often used in formal or written contexts to add emphasis.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3591

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unfortunately

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あいにく (ainiku)' means 'unfortunately'. It is used to express regret or disappointment about a situation that is beyond one's control. This word often conveys a sense of bad timing or inconvenience. For example: Unfortunately, it started to rain「あいにく雨が降り始めた」(あいにくあめがふりはじめた). Unfortunately, the store is closed today「あいにく今日は店が閉まっている」(あいにくきょうはみせがしまっている). The nuance of 'あいにく' often implies that the situation is inconvenient or disappointing, but not necessarily tragic or severe.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3657

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unnoticed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつのまにか (itsunomanika)' means 'unnoticed' or 'before one realizes'. It is used to describe something that happens gradually or without being noticed. This word often conveys a sense of surprise or realization about how something has changed over time. For example: The seasons changed unnoticed「いつのまにか季節が変わっていた」(いつのまにかきせつがかわっていた). Before I knew it, he had grown up「いつのまにか彼は大人になっていた」(いつのまにかかれはおとなになっていた). This adverb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to express subtle changes or developments.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3708

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At first glance

Reading

Kanji

一One 見See

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一見 (いっけん)' means 'at first glance' or 'at first sight.' It is used to describe the initial impression or appearance of something or someone, often implying that the first impression might not be truly representative of the actual nature or quality. For example: At first glance, it seems easy 「一見、簡単そうだ」 (いっけん、かんたんそうだ). At first glance, he appears to be kind 「一見、彼は優しそうだ」 (いっけん、かれはやさしそうだ). This adverb is often used to suggest that there is more to a situation or person than what is initially apparent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3728

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rolling

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ごろごろ (gorogoro)' primarily describes the sound or action of something rolling or rumbling. It can be used to depict the sound of thunder, the movement of objects like rocks or balls, or even the idle state of someone lounging around. For example: the thunder is rumbling「雷がごろごろ鳴っている」(かみなりがごろごろなっている). The ball is rolling down the hill「ボールがごろごろ丘を転がっている」(ボールがごろごろおかをころがっている). He's just lounging around at home「彼は家でごろごろしている」(かれはいえでごろごろしている). This word is often used in onomatopoeic contexts to convey a sense of continuous or repetitive motion or sound.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3740

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anyway

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何しろ (なにしろ)' is used to emphasize a reason or situation, often translated as 'anyway', 'after all', or 'in any case'. It is commonly used to introduce a justification or explanation for something. For example: Anyway, it's too late now「何しろ、もう遅い」(なにしろ、もうおそい). After all, he's the boss「何しろ、彼は上司だ」(なにしろ、かれはじょうしだ). This word is often used in conversational contexts to stress a point or to acknowledge a situation before moving forward.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

3766

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spinning

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'くるくる (くるくる)' describes something spinning or rotating quickly. It is often used to depict physical movement, such as objects or people turning around rapidly. It can also describe something being wrapped or coiled tightly. For example: the top is spinning「コマがくるくる回っている」(こまがくるくるまわっている). She wrapped the scarf around her neck「彼女はマフラーをくるくる巻いた」(かのじょはマフラーをくるくるまいた). The word is onomatopoeic, conveying a vivid sense of motion or action.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3774

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Row

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ずらり' describes things or people lined up in a row or array, often implying a large number or an impressive display. It is commonly used to emphasize the visual impact of a lineup. For example: The books were lined up neatly on the shelf「本がずらりと並んでいた」(ほんがずらりとならんでいた). The soldiers stood in a row「兵士たちがずらりと並んで立っていた」(へいしたちがずらりとならんでたっていた). This adverb often conveys a sense of orderliness or abundance in the arrangement.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3823

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relieved

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ほっと' expresses a feeling of relief or relaxation after a period of tension or worry. It is often used to describe the emotional state of someone who has been anxious or stressed and then feels a sense of calm. For example: I felt relieved when I heard the good news「良い知らせを聞いてほっとした」(よいしらせをきいてほっとした). She sighed in relief「彼女はほっとため息をついた」(かのじょはほっとためいきをついた). This word can also be used to describe a physical state of relaxation, such as sitting down after a long day: I relaxed with a cup of tea「お茶を飲んでほっとした」(おちゃをのんでほっとした).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3841

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Round

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぐるぐる' describes a circular or spinning motion. It is often used to depict something turning, rotating, or moving in circles. This word can be applied to physical movements, such as spinning objects, or abstract concepts, like thoughts going in circles. For example: the fan is spinning round and round「扇風機がぐるぐる回っている」(せんぷうきがぐるぐるまわっている). My head is spinning「頭がぐるぐるする」(あたまがぐるぐるする). Additionally, 'ぐるぐる' can imply repetition or going around something, as in wrapping a scarf around your neck「マフラーをぐるぐる巻く」(マフラーをぐるぐるまく).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3905

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surely

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さぞ (さぞ)' is used to express a strong assumption or conjecture about something, often implying that the speaker is certain about the situation or feeling being described. It is commonly used in contexts where the speaker is empathizing with someone else's feelings or situation, imagining how they must feel. For example: You must be tired「さぞお疲れでしょう」(さぞおつかれでしょう). He must be happy「さぞ嬉しいでしょう」(さぞうれしいでしょう). The word 'さぞ' is often paired with 'でしょう' or 'だろう' to form a complete assumption. It carries a nuance of empathy or deep understanding, making it suitable for polite or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3916

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Precisely

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きっちり' (kitchiri) means 'precisely' or 'exactly'. It is used to describe something that is done with accuracy, tightness, or without any looseness or deviation. This word often conveys a sense of neatness, thoroughness, or strict adherence to rules or expectations. For example: The schedule is precisely planned「スケジュールはきっちり決まっている」(すけじゅーるはきっちりきまっている). She tied the ribbon precisely「彼女はリボンをきっちり結んだ」(かのじょはりぼんをきっちりむすんだ). It can also imply something fitting perfectly, as in: The lid fits precisely「蓋がきっちり合う」(ふたがきっちりあう).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3940

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smoothly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すっと' describes an action that is done smoothly, quickly, or without hesitation. It often conveys a sense of something moving or happening in a fluid, uninterrupted manner. For example: The door opened smoothly「ドアがすっと開いた」(ドアがすっとあいた). She walked past me without hesitation「彼女はすっと私の横を通り過ぎた」(かのじょはすっとわたしのよこをとおりすぎた). This adverb can also imply a sense of relief or ease, as in: The pain went away smoothly「痛みがすっと引いた」(いたみがすっとひいた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3962

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smoothly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すらすら' describes something that happens smoothly, fluently, or without difficulty. It is often used to describe actions like speaking, reading, writing, or performing tasks effortlessly. For example: He read the book smoothly「彼は本をすらすらと読んだ」(かれはほんをすらすらとよんだ). She answered the questions smoothly「彼女は質問にすらすらと答えた」(かのじょはしつもんにすらすらとこたえた). This word conveys a sense of ease and fluidity in the action being described.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3976

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wandering

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'うろうろ (urouro)' describes the action of wandering or moving around aimlessly, often without a clear purpose or direction. It can be used to describe both physical movement and a state of indecision or confusion. For example: He was wandering around the station「彼は駅をうろうろしていた」(かれはえきをうろうろしていた). I wandered around the city looking for the cafe「カフェを探して街をうろうろした」(かふぇをさがしてまちをうろうろした). This word often carries a nuance of restlessness or being lost, either literally or figuratively.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

3989

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

In order

Reading

Kanji

順Order, Obey

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '順々に (じゅんじゅんに)' means 'in order' or 'one after another.' It is used to describe things happening in a sequential or orderly manner, often implying a logical progression. For example: Please read the pages in order 「ページを順々に読んでください」 (ページをじゅんじゅんによんでください). The students entered the classroom one after another 「生徒たちは順々に教室に入った」 (せいとたちはじゅんじゅんにきょうしつにはいった). This adverb can also be used to describe events or actions occurring in a particular sequence, such as '順々に説明する (じゅんじゅんにせつめいする)', meaning 'to explain step by step.'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4065

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Carelessly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'うっかり (ukkari)' means 'carelessly' or 'inadvertently'. It is used to describe actions done without proper attention or thought, often leading to unintended mistakes or oversights. This word carries a nuance of absent-mindedness or a momentary lapse in focus. For example: I carelessly forgot my wallet「うっかり財布を忘れた」(うっかりさいふをわすれた). He inadvertently revealed the secret「うっかり秘密を漏らした」(うっかりひみつをもらした). The adverb is often used in situations where the speaker regrets their lack of attention.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4066

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soundly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すやすや' describes the state of sleeping peacefully or soundly. It is often used to depict someone, especially a baby or child, sleeping quietly and comfortably. For example: The baby is sleeping soundly「赤ちゃんがすやすや眠っている」(あかちゃんがすやすやねむっている). He was sleeping peacefully「彼はすやすやと眠っていた」(かれはすやすやとねむっていた). This adverb conveys a sense of calm and tranquility associated with sleep.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4106

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unthinkable

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'とんでも' (tondemo) is often used to express something that is completely unexpected, outrageous, or unthinkable. It is commonly used in phrases like 'とんでもない' (tondemonai), which can mean 'unthinkable', 'absurd', or 'out of the question'. This word is often used to emphasize the speaker's surprise or disbelief. For example: That's unthinkable!「とんでもない！」(とんでもない！). It's absolutely outrageous「それはとんでもないことだ」(それはとんでもないことだ). Note that 'とんでも' is often used in a negative context, but it can also be used to express something positive in a hyperbolic way, such as 'とんでもなく美味しい' (tondemonaku oishii), meaning 'unbelievably delicious'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4166

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Reluctantly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いやいや (いやいや)' conveys the idea of doing something reluctantly or unwillingly. It is often used to describe actions performed with hesitation or lack of enthusiasm. For example: He reluctantly agreed「彼はいやいや同意した」(かれはいやいやどういした). She reluctantly went to the meeting「彼女はいやいや会議に行った」(かのじょはいやいやかいぎにいった). This adverb can also imply a sense of being forced or pressured into doing something, as in 'いやいやながら (いやいやながら) (while reluctantly)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4216

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Now, Belatedly

Reading

Kanji

今Now 更Renew, Grow late

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '今更 (いまさら)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'now', but with a nuance of something being done or realized at the current moment, often implying it's too late or unexpected. The second meaning is 'belatedly', indicating that something is being done or realized much later than it should have been. Example sentences: It's too late to apologize now「今更謝っても遅いよ」(いまさらあやまってもおそいよ). He belatedly realized his mistake「彼は今更自分の間違いに気づいた」(かれはいまさらじぶんのまちがいにきづいた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4224

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crumpled

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'くしゃくしゃ' describes something that is crumpled, wrinkled, or messy. It is often used to describe the state of paper, fabric, or even hair. For example: The paper is crumpled「紙がくしゃくしゃだ」(かみがくしゃくしゃだ). Her hair is messy「彼女の髪がくしゃくしゃだ」(かのじょのかみがくしゃくしゃだ). Additionally, 'くしゃくしゃ' can also describe a person's emotional state, such as feeling upset or disheveled, though this usage is less common. For example: He looked upset and disheveled「彼はくしゃくしゃした顔をしていた」(かれはくしゃくしゃしたかおをしていた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4265

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Single mindedly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ひたすら (hitasura)' means 'single-mindedly' or 'earnestly'. It is used to describe doing something with complete focus and dedication, often to the exclusion of everything else. This word conveys a sense of unwavering commitment or persistence. For example: He worked single-mindedly「彼はひたすら働いた」(かれはひたすらはたらいた). She practiced single-mindedly「彼女はひたすら練習した」(かのじょはひたすられんしゅうした). The word can also imply a sense of relentlessness or intensity in pursuing a goal.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4314

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Noisily

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がやがや (がやがや)' describes a noisy or clamorous situation, often involving many people talking loudly or making a racket. It conveys a sense of chaos or commotion due to loud voices or sounds. For example: The students were talking noisily in the classroom「学生たちが教室でがやがや話していた」(がくせいたちがきょうしつでがやがやはなしていた). The market was bustling noisily with people「市場が人々でがやがやしていた」(いちばがひとびとでがやがやしていた). This adverb is often used to depict lively or disorderly environments.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4343

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Look around

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きょろきょろ' describes the action of looking around restlessly or nervously, often in search of something or out of curiosity. It conveys a sense of fidgety or distracted movement of the eyes. For example: He looked around nervously「彼はきょろきょろと周りを見回した」(かれはきょろきょろとまわりをみまわした). The child kept looking around curiously「子供はきょろきょろとあちこち見ていた」(こどもはきょろきょろとあちこちみていた). This word is often used to depict someone who is unsure, searching, or unable to focus their gaze in one place.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4357

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slowly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぐずぐず' describes doing something slowly, often with a sense of procrastination or hesitation. It conveys a lack of urgency or efficiency, and can imply annoyance or frustration from others due to the delay. For example: Don't do it slowly「ぐずぐずしないで」(ぐずぐずしないで). He is walking slowly「彼はぐずぐず歩いている」(かれはぐずぐずあるいている). This word is often used in a scolding or urging tone to encourage someone to act more quickly.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4376

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Temporarily, Hypothetically

Reading

Kanji

仮Temporary

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '仮に (かりに)' can mean either 'temporarily' or 'hypothetically', depending on the context. When used to mean 'temporarily', it refers to something being done or existing for a limited time. For example: temporarily staying at a friend's house「仮に友達の家に泊まる」(かりにともだちのいえにとまる). When used to mean 'hypothetically', it refers to a situation that is being considered as a possibility or for the sake of argument. For example: hypothetically, if I were rich「仮に私がお金持ちだったら」(かりにわたしがおかねもちだったら). The meaning is usually clear from the context of the sentence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4389

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いささか (isasaka)' means 'slightly' or 'a little'. It is often used to express a small degree or amount of something, and can carry a nuance of modesty or understatement. It is commonly used in formal or written contexts. For example: I am slightly tired「いささか疲れています」(いささかつかれています). The situation is slightly complicated「状況はいささか複雑です」(じょうきょうはいささかふくざつです). Note that 'いささか' is more formal than similar adverbs like '少し (すこし)' or 'ちょっと', and is often used to soften statements or express politeness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4404

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Anyway

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうせ (どうせ)' conveys a sense of resignation or inevitability, often implying that the outcome is already determined or that effort is futile. It can be used to express a dismissive or cynical attitude. For example: It's going to rain anyway, so let's stay home「どうせ雨が降るから、家にいよう」(どうせあめがふるから、いえにいよう). He won't listen to me anyway「どうせ彼は私の話を聞かない」(どうせかれはわたしのはなしをきかない). This adverb is commonly used in casual conversation and can sometimes carry a negative connotation, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4409

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Especially

Reading

Kanji

殊Special, Especially

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '殊に (ことに)' means 'especially' or 'particularly'. It is used to emphasize a specific point or to single out something as being more important or notable than others. This adverb is often used in formal or written contexts to highlight a particular aspect of a situation. For example: I especially like autumn「殊に秋が好きです」(ことにあきがすきです). This area is particularly quiet「この地域は殊に静かです」(このちいきはことにしずかです). The word '殊に' can also be used to indicate a contrast or exception, such as in the sentence: He is usually calm, but today he is especially nervous「彼は普段は落ち着いているが、今日は殊に緊張している」(かれはふだんはおちついているが、きょうはことにきんちょうしている).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4427

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At least

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'せめて' means 'at least' and is used to express a minimum expectation, hope, or requirement. It often conveys a sense of resignation or a desire for something better, even if it's not ideal. For example: I hope to at least pass the exam「せめて試験に合格したい」(せめてしけんにごうかくしたい). Can you at least call me?「せめて電話してくれない？」(せめてでんわしてくれない？). This word is commonly used in situations where the speaker is asking for the bare minimum or expressing a modest hope.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4438

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Kanji

到Reach, Arrival 頭Head

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '到頭 (とうとう)' means 'finally' or 'at last'. It is used to indicate that something has happened after a long period of time or after much anticipation. This word often carries a nuance of relief, completion, or inevitability. For example: He finally arrived「彼は到頭到着した」(かれはとうとうとうちゃくした). The project is finally finished「そのプロジェクトは到頭終わった」(そのプロジェクトはとうとうおわった). Note that '到頭' is typically used in situations where the outcome was expected or inevitable, and it often implies a sense of closure.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4443

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Scorching, Furious

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'かんかん' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'furious', used to describe someone who is extremely angry or enraged. For example: He was furious「彼はかんかんに怒っていた」(かれはかんかんにおこっていた). The second meaning is 'scorching', used to describe intense heat, such as from the sun. For example: The sun is scorching today「今日の太陽はかんかんに照りつけている」(きょうのたいようはかんかんにてりつけている). These meanings are context-dependent, so pay attention to the situation in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4458

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Damp

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じめじめ' describes a damp, humid, or sticky condition, often used to express discomfort due to moisture in the air or environment. It can also metaphorically describe a gloomy or oppressive atmosphere. For example: The room feels damp「部屋がじめじめしている」(へやがじめじめしている). The weather is humid and uncomfortable「天気がじめじめしていて不快だ」(てんきがじめじめしていてふかいだ). This word is often used to describe both physical and emotional states, such as a damp towel or a gloomy mood.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4482

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stare

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じろじろ' describes the act of staring at someone or something intently, often in a way that can be considered rude or uncomfortable. It implies a direct and prolonged gaze, usually without trying to hide it. For example: He stared at me「彼は私をじろじろ見た」(かれはわたしをじろじろみた). Don't stare at people like that「人をじろじろ見ないで」(ひとをじろじろみないで). This word carries a slightly negative connotation, as it often makes the person being stared at feel uneasy or self-conscious.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4493

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intentionally

Reading

Kanji

態Appearance, Condition

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '態と (わざと)' means 'intentionally' or 'on purpose'. It is used to describe actions that are done deliberately, often with a specific intention or motive. This word can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying that the action was done with some ulterior motive or to cause a reaction. For example: He intentionally broke the vase「彼は態と花瓶を壊した」(かれはわざとかびんをこわした). She pretended not to know, even though she did「彼女は知っているのに態と知らないふりをした」(かのじょはしっているのにわざとしらないふりをした). The adverb is often used in contexts where the speaker wants to emphasize that the action was not accidental.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4497

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Absolutely

Reading

Kanji

絶Break off, Extinction 対Against

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '絶対 (ぜったい)' means 'absolutely' or 'definitely'. It is used to emphasize certainty or to express that something is unconditional or without exception. This word is often used in both positive and negative contexts to stress the speaker's conviction. For example: I will absolutely come「絶対に行きます」(ぜったいにいきます). You must absolutely not tell anyone「絶対に誰にも言わないで」(ぜったいにだれにもいわないで). It can also be used to describe something that is absolute or unconditional, such as '絶対的な信頼 (ぜったいてきなしんらい) (absolute trust)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4532

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smooth

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すべすべ' describes something that is smooth to the touch. It is often used to describe skin, surfaces, or textures that feel soft and even. This word conveys a sense of pleasant smoothness and is commonly used in contexts related to beauty, skincare, or describing objects. For example: her skin is smooth「彼女の肌はすべすべだ」(かのじょのはだはすべすべだ). This table is smooth「このテーブルはすべすべしている」(このテーブルはすべすべしている). The word can also be used as an adjective-like adverb to modify nouns, such as 'すべすべの肌 (すべすべのはだ) (smooth skin).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4566

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Considerably

Reading

Kanji

大Big 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大分 (だいぶ)' means 'considerably' or 'quite a bit'. It is used to indicate a significant degree or extent of something, often implying a noticeable change or difference. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: It has become considerably colder「大分寒くなった」(だいぶさむくなった). I feel considerably better now「大分良くなった」(だいぶよくなった). The word can also imply that the change or difference has been gradual over time, as in '大分慣れてきた (だいぶなれてきた) (I have gotten quite used to it)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Unnoticed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつのまに (itsunomani)' means 'unnoticed' or 'without realizing'. It is used to express that something happened without the speaker or someone else being aware of it. This word often conveys a sense of surprise or realization about a change or event that occurred subtly or over time. For example: When did you get so tall?「いつのまにそんなに背が高くなったの？」(いつのまにそんなにせがたかくなったの？). I didn't notice when it started raining「いつのまに雨が降り始めた」(いつのまにあめがふりはじめた). The word is commonly used in casual conversations and can imply a sense of wonder or reflection on how time passes unnoticed.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4629

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excited

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'うきうき (ukiuki)' describes a feeling of excitement, lightheartedness, or being in high spirits. It is often used to express a bubbly, cheerful mood, typically in anticipation of something enjoyable. For example: She was excited about the trip「彼女は旅行にうきうきしていた」(かのじょはりょこうにうきうきしていた). I feel excited about the weekend「週末がうきうきする」(しゅうまつがうきうきする). This word conveys a sense of joyful anticipation and is commonly used in casual conversations to describe emotional states.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4677

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rough

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がさがさ (gasagasa)' describes a rough or coarse texture, often implying dryness or lack of smoothness. It can also describe actions or sounds associated with roughness, such as rustling or scratching. For example: the paper feels rough「この紙はがさがさしている」(このかみはがさがさしている). His hands are rough from work「彼の手は仕事でがさがさだ」(かれのてはしごとでがさがさだ). The leaves rustled in the wind「葉っぱが風でがさがさと音を立てた」(はっぱがかぜでがさがさとおとをたてた). This word is often used to evoke a tactile or auditory sensation of roughness.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4732

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gulping

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がぶがぶ (gabugabu)' describes the sound or action of drinking something quickly and noisily, often in large quantities. It is an onomatopoeic word that vividly conveys the image of someone gulping down a drink, such as water or alcohol. For example: He was gulping down water「彼は水をがぶがぶ飲んでいた」(かれはみずをがぶがぶのんでいた). She drank the beer noisily「彼女はビールをがぶがぶ飲んだ」(かのじょはビールをがぶがぶのんだ). This adverb is often used in casual contexts and can sometimes imply a lack of restraint or care in drinking.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4756

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さっぱり (sappari)' is often used to express a complete lack or absence of something, typically in a negative context. It can mean 'not at all', 'completely (not)', or 'utterly (not)'. For example: I don't understand at all 「さっぱりわからない」 (さっぱりわからない). There is no hope at all 「さっぱり希望がない」 (さっぱりきぼうがない). Additionally, 'さっぱり' can also describe a feeling of refreshment or cleanliness, as in 'feeling refreshed after a bath'. However, this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4785

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All at once

Reading

Kanji

一One 遍All over, Everywhere

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一遍に (いっぺんに)' means 'all at once' or 'all together'. It is used to describe when something is done completely or all in one single action, without gradual steps. For example: I finished all my homework all at once 「宿題を一遍に終わらせた」 (しゅくだじをいっぺんにおわらせた). He drank all the water all at once 「彼は水を一遍に飲んだ」 (かれはみずをいっぺんにのんだ). This adverb emphasizes the completeness or simultaneity of an action, often implying that there was no delay or partial execution.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4790

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎっしり' describes something being packed or filled tightly, with no gaps or spaces. It is often used to emphasize that something is completely full or densely arranged. For example: The suitcase is tightly packed「スーツケースにぎっしり詰まっている」(スーツケースにぎっしりつまっている). The schedule is packed tight「スケジュールがぎっしり詰まっている」(スケジュールがぎっしりつまっている). This word conveys a sense of fullness and density, often implying that there is no room for anything else.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4791

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Packed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ぎゅうぎゅう (gyuugyuu)' is used to describe a situation where things or people are tightly packed or crammed together. It often conveys a sense of being squeezed or overcrowded. For example: The train was packed「電車はぎゅうぎゅうだった」(でんしゃはぎゅうぎゅうだった). The suitcase is stuffed full「スーツケースはぎゅうぎゅうに詰まっている」(スーツケースはぎゅうぎゅうにつまっている). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe crowded spaces or tightly filled containers.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4803

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Frequently

Reading

Kanji

頻Frequently, Frequent

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '頻りに (しきりに)' means 'frequently' or 'repeatedly'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur often or persistently. This word often carries a nuance of intensity or earnestness, emphasizing the frequency or persistence of the action. For example: He frequently asked about her「彼は頻りに彼女のことを尋ねた」(かれはしきりにかのじょのことをたずねた). It rained frequently yesterday「昨日は頻りに雨が降った」(きのうはしきりにあめがふった). The adverb can also imply a sense of urgency or eagerness, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4849

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loudly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'げらげら (geragera)' is used to describe the sound of loud, unrestrained laughter. It conveys a sense of someone laughing heartily or boisterously. This word is often used in informal contexts and can sometimes imply that the laughter is excessive or uncontrollable. Example sentences: He laughed loudly「彼はげらげら笑った」(かれはげらげらわらった). The children laughed loudly at the joke「子供たちはその冗談をげらげら笑った」(こどもたちはそのじょうだんをげらげらわらった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4850

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Simultaneously

Reading

Kanji

一One 斉Uniform, Adjusted

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一斉に (いっせいに)' means 'simultaneously' or 'all at once'. It is used to describe actions or events that occur at the same time, often involving multiple people or things. This word is commonly used in contexts where a group of people or objects act in unison. For example: The students stood up simultaneously「学生たちは一斉に立ち上がった」(がくせいたちはいっせいにたちあがった). The birds flew away all at once「鳥たちは一斉に飛び立った」(とりたちはいっせいにとびたった). The adverb emphasizes the collective nature of the action, highlighting that it is done by everyone or everything involved at the same time.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4860

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Splashing

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じゃぶじゃぶ (jabujabu)' describes the sound or action of water splashing or sloshing. It is often used to depict the movement of water in a lively or vigorous manner, such as when washing hands, playing in water, or pouring liquid. For example: The water splashed loudly「水がじゃぶじゃぶと音を立てた」(みずがじゃぶじゃぶとおとをたてた). She washed the dishes with a lot of water「彼女はじゃぶじゃぶ水を使って皿を洗った」(かのじょはじゃぶじゃぶみずをつかってさらをあらった). This word is onomatopoeic and conveys a vivid auditory and visual image of water in motion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4942

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mainly

Reading

Kanji

専Exclusive, Specialty

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '専ら (もっぱら)' means 'mainly' or 'primarily'. It is used to indicate that something is done or focused on exclusively or predominantly. This adverb often implies that the subject is concentrating on one particular thing to the exclusion of others. For example: He mainly focuses on his studies「彼は専ら勉強に集中している」(かれはもっぱらべんきょうにしゅうちゅうしている). She mainly eats vegetables「彼女は専ら野菜を食べる」(かのじょはもっぱらやさいをたべる). The word can also carry a nuance of exclusivity or specialization, suggesting that the action or focus is not just primary but almost entirely so.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4946

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vigorously, Freely

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'じゃんじゃん (じゃんじゃん)' is an onomatopoeic expression often used to describe doing something energetically, vigorously, or without hesitation. It can also imply doing something freely or generously. This word is colloquial and frequently used in casual conversations. For example: He spends money freely「彼はお金をじゃんじゃん使う」(かれはおかねをじゃんじゃんつかう). Let's work vigorously「じゃんじゃん働きましょう」(じゃんじゃんはたらきましょう). The nuance of 'じゃんじゃん' often conveys a sense of enthusiasm or abundance in the action being described.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

4953

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not at all

Reading

Kanji

一One 向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一向 (いっこう)' is used to emphasize that something is not happening or not being done at all, often in a negative context. It is commonly paired with negative verbs or expressions to convey a strong sense of 'not at all' or 'not in the least.' For example: He is not improving at all「彼は一向に良くならない」(かれはいっこうによくならない). The work is not progressing at all「仕事が一向に進まない」(しごとがいっこうにすすまない). This adverb is often used to express frustration or disappointment when something is not changing or improving despite expectations.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

4967

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Suddenly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'がくんと' describes a sudden, abrupt, or noticeable movement or change, often implying a physical or emotional jolt. It is commonly used to depict actions like tilting, leaning, or dropping suddenly, or to describe a sudden emotional shift. For example: The train suddenly tilted「電車ががくんと傾いた」(でんしゃががくんとかたむいた). His head dropped suddenly「彼の頭ががくんと下がった」(かれのあたまががくんとさがった). It can also describe a sudden emotional reaction, such as feeling shocked or overwhelmed: My heart sank suddenly「胸ががくんとした」(むねががくんとした).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5007

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sparkle

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'きらりと (kirarito)' describes a brief, sparkling, or glimmering light. It is often used to depict something shining or reflecting light momentarily, such as a jewel, a star, or even a person's eyes. This word carries a poetic nuance and is frequently used in literary or descriptive contexts. Example sentences: The diamond sparkled「ダイヤモンドがきらりと光った」(ダイヤモンドがきらりとかがやいた). Her eyes sparkled with joy「彼女の目がきらりと輝いた」(かのじょのめがきらりとかがやいた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5021

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Gulp

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ごくんと (ごくんと)' is an onomatopoeic expression that describes the sound or action of swallowing or gulping something down, often in one go. It is commonly used to depict drinking or eating quickly, especially in contexts like drinking water, medicine, or alcohol. For example: He gulped down the water「彼は水をごくんと飲んだ」(かれはみずをごくんとのんだ). She swallowed the medicine in one gulp「彼女は薬をごくんと飲み込んだ」(かのじょはくすりをごくんとのみこんだ). This word is often used in casual or descriptive contexts to emphasize the act of swallowing.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5027

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

For now

Reading

Kanji

一One

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一まず (ひとまず)' means 'for now' or 'for the time being'. It is used to indicate that something is being done temporarily or as an initial step, with the understanding that further action or changes may follow. This word is often used in situations where a decision or action is taken to address an immediate concern, while leaving room for future adjustments. For example: Let's stop here for now「一まずここで止めよう」(ひとまずここでとめよう). For now, let's assume it's true「一まずそれは本当だとしよう」(ひとまずそれはほんとうだとしよう). The word '一まず' conveys a sense of provisionality and is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5047

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

If

Reading

Kanji

万Ten thousand 一One

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '万一 (まんいち)' means 'if' in the sense of 'in the unlikely event that' or 'just in case'. It is used to express a hypothetical or unlikely situation. This word is often used in formal or cautious contexts. For example: If something happens, please call me「万一何かあったら、電話してください」(まんいちなにかあったら、でんわしてください). In case of rain, the event will be canceled「万一雨が降ったら、イベントは中止です」(まんいちあめがふったら、イベントはちゅうしです). The word carries a nuance of preparing for an unlikely scenario, and it is often paired with conditional forms like '～たら' or '～ば'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5054

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Only

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ただ (ただ)' means 'only' or 'just'. It is used to emphasize that something is simple, plain, or without any additional conditions or complications. It often carries a nuance of something being free of charge or without any special effort. For example: It's just a joke「ただの冗談です」(ただのじょうだんです). This is free of charge「これはただです」(これはただです). The word can also imply a sense of humility or modesty, as in 'I just did what anyone would do'「ただ誰でもすることをしただけです」(ただだれでもすることをしただけです).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5063

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Yearly

Reading

Kanji

年Year

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '年々 (ねんねん)' means 'yearly' or 'year by year'. It is used to describe something that happens or changes gradually over the years. This word emphasizes a steady progression or trend over time. For example: the population is increasing yearly「人口は年々増えている」(じんこうはねんねんふえている). The cost of living is rising yearly「生活費は年々上がっている」(せいかつひはねんねんあがっている). Note that '年々' is often used in contexts where a gradual change or trend is observed over a period of years.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5068

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Somehow

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何とか (なんとか)' means 'somehow' or 'in some way'. It is used to express that something is achieved or managed, often with difficulty or uncertainty. This word conveys a sense of effort or struggle, implying that the outcome was not straightforward. For example: I managed to finish the work somehow「何とか仕事を終わらせた」(なんとかしごとをおわらせた). We somehow made it on time「何とか間に合った」(なんとかまにあった). Additionally, '何とか' can be used to request help or suggest finding a solution, as in '何とかしてください (なんとかしてください) (Please do something about it).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5076

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

What, How

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何と (なんと)' is a versatile word that can express surprise, emphasis, or inquiry. It is often used to convey astonishment or to ask 'how' or 'what' in a rhetorical or exclamatory manner. For example: How amazing!「何とすごい！」(なんとすごい！). What a surprise!「何と驚きだ！」(なんとおどろきだ！). It can also be used in questions to express disbelief or curiosity, such as: What did you say?「何と言いましたか？」(なんといいましたか？). The nuance of '何と' often depends on the tone and context of the sentence, making it a flexible and expressive adverb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5078

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Somehow

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何となく (なんとなく)' means 'somehow' or 'for some reason'. It is used to express a vague or unclear feeling, thought, or reason behind an action or situation. This word often conveys a sense of intuition, instinct, or an unexplainable sense. For example: I somehow felt like going for a walk「何となく散歩に行きたくなった」(なんとなくさんぽにいきたくなった). She somehow seemed familiar「彼女は何となく見覚えがあった」(かのじょはなんとなくみおぼえがあった). It can also imply doing something without a clear purpose, as in: I just somehow ended up here「何となくここに来てしまった」(なんとなくここにきてしまった).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5079

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Somehow

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何だか (なんだか)' means 'somehow' or 'for some reason'. It is used to express a vague or uncertain feeling or situation, often when the speaker cannot clearly explain why they feel a certain way. This word is commonly used in casual conversations. For example: I feel somehow uneasy「何だか落ち着かない」(なんだかおちつかない). Somehow, it feels nostalgic「何だか懐かしい気がする」(なんだかなつかしいきがする). The word can also imply a sense of intuition or an unexplained emotion.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5086

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Why

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何で (なんで)' means 'why'. It is commonly used in casual conversation to ask for the reason or cause behind something. This word is less formal than 'なぜ' or 'どうして', which also mean 'why'. For example: Why did you come?「何で来たの？」(なできたの？). Why are you crying?「何で泣いてるの？」(なでないてるの？). Note that '何で' can also be read as 'なにで' in certain contexts, where it means 'by what means' or 'with what', but this is a separate usage and not the focus here.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5087

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

How

Reading

Kanji

何What

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '何て (なんて)' is used to express surprise, emphasis, or admiration. It often translates to 'how' in English and is commonly used in exclamatory sentences. For example: How beautiful!「何て美しい！」(なんてうつくしい！). How kind!「何て親切なの！」(なんてしんせつなの！). It can also be used to downplay something, as in 'It's nothing special'「何てことない」(なんてことない). Note that '何て' is informal and is often used in casual conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5088

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At most

Reading

Kanji

精Spirit, Refine

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '精々 (せいぜい)' means 'at most' or 'at best'. It is used to indicate the maximum limit or extent of something, often implying that the result or outcome is not particularly impressive or satisfactory. For example: I can only do this much at most「精々これくらいしかできない」(せいぜいこれくらいしかできない). At best, we can expect ten people to attend「精々10人くらいは来るだろう」(せいぜいじゅうにんくらいはくるだろう). This adverb is commonly used in situations where there is a limitation or constraint, and it often carries a tone of resignation or modest expectation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5089

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Year round

Reading

Kanji

年Year 中Center

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '年中 (ねんじゅう)' means 'year-round' or 'throughout the year'. It is used to describe something that happens continuously or without interruption over the entire year. This word is often used to emphasize the constant nature of an activity, event, or state. For example: The store is open year-round「その店は年中開いている」(そのみせはねんじゅうあいている). He works year-round「彼は年中働いている」(かれはねんじゅうはたらいている). It can also be used to describe something that is always present or ongoing, such as '年中無休 (ねんじゅうむきゅう)' meaning 'open all year without holidays'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5112

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Somewhat

Reading

Kanji

多Many 少Few

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '多少 (たしょう)' means 'somewhat' or 'to some extent'. It is used to indicate a moderate degree or amount of something, often implying that the degree is not extreme. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: I am somewhat tired「私は多少疲れています」(わたしはたしょうつかれています). The price is somewhat high「その値段は多少高いです」(そのねだんはたしょうたかいです). It can also be used to express a small quantity, as in 'There is somewhat of a problem'「多少の問題があります」(たしょうのもんだいがあります).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Each

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'それぞれ (それぞれ)' means 'each' or 'respectively'. It is used to indicate that things or people are considered individually or separately, often emphasizing differences or unique characteristics. For example: Each person has their own opinion「それぞれの人が自分の意見を持っている」(それぞれのひとがじぶんのいけんをもっている). The students went to their respective homes「学生たちはそれぞれの家に帰った」(がくせいたちはそれぞれのいえにかえった). This word is commonly used in contexts where individuality or distinctiveness is highlighted.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5131

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As much as possible

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '出来るだけ (できるだけ)' means 'as much as possible' or 'to the extent possible'. It is used to express the idea of doing something to the fullest extent or making the maximum effort. This adverb is often used to indicate that someone is trying their best or doing something to the greatest degree they can. For example: I will study as much as possible「出来るだけ勉強します」(できるだけべんきょうします). Please come as early as possible「出来るだけ早く来てください」(できるだけはやくきてください). It is a versatile phrase that can be used in various contexts to emphasize effort or extent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5138

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon

Reading

Kanji

内Inside

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'その内 (そのうち)' means 'soon' or 'before long'. It is used to indicate that something will happen in the near future, often with a sense of vagueness or uncertainty about the exact timing. This word is commonly used in casual conversation. For example: I'll do it soon「その内やります」(そのうちやります). We'll meet again soon「その内また会いましょう」(そのうちまたあいましょう). It can also imply 'eventually' or 'someday' depending on the context, as in 'I'll figure it out eventually'「その内わかるよ」(そのうちわかるよ).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5140

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally

Reading

Kanji

本Book, Origin 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '本来 (ほんらい)' means 'originally' or 'by nature'. It is used to describe something that is inherent, fundamental, or true in its original state. It often implies a contrast between the natural or intended state of something and its current state. For example: This land was originally a forest「この土地は本来、森でした」(このとちはほんらい、もりでした). He is by nature a kind person「彼は本来、優しい人です」(かれはほんらい、やさしいひとです). The word can also be used to emphasize the true nature or purpose of something, as in '本来の目的 (ほんらいのもくてき) (original purpose)'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Mostly

Reading

Kanji

大Big 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大体 (だいたい)' means 'mostly' or 'generally'. It is used to indicate that something is true in most cases or to a large extent, but not completely. It can also be used to give an approximate or rough estimate. For example: I mostly understand Japanese「大体日本語がわかります」(だいたいにほんごがわかります). It's mostly finished「大体終わりました」(だいたいおわりました). The meeting will start at around 10 o'clock「会議は大体10時に始まります」(かいぎはだいたい10じにはじまります).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Not much

Reading

Kanji

大Big

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '大して (たいして)' is used to indicate that something is not particularly significant, important, or extensive. It is often used in negative sentences to convey a mild sense of indifference or dismissal. Example: It's not that cold 「大して寒くない」 (たいしてさむくない). He doesn't study that much 「彼は大して勉強しない」 (かれはたいしてべんきょうしない). Note that '大して' is commonly paired with negative verb forms or negative structures, emphasizing a lack of intensity or importance.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5176

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Frequently, Eagerly

Reading

Kanji

頻Frequently, Frequent

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '頻り (しきり)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'frequently', which is used to describe something that happens often or repeatedly. For example: It rained frequently yesterday「昨日は頻りと雨が降った」(きのうはしきりとあめがふった). The second meaning is 'eagerly', which is used to describe doing something with enthusiasm or intensity. For example: She eagerly asked questions「彼女は頻りに質問をした」(かのじょはしきりにしつもんをした). The nuance of this word often conveys a sense of persistence or intensity in the action being described.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5188

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Perhaps

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ひょっと' (hyotto) is used to express a sense of uncertainty or possibility, often translated as 'perhaps' or 'maybe'. It is commonly used in casual conversation to suggest that something might happen or be true, but without certainty. For example: perhaps it will rain tomorrow「ひょっとしたら明日は雨が降るかもしれない」(ひょっとしたらあしたはあめがふるかもしれない). Maybe he forgot「ひょっとすると彼は忘れたのかもしれない」(ひょっとするとかれはわすれたのかもしれない). The adverb can also be used in the phrase 'ひょっとしたら' (hyotto shitara), which adds a stronger sense of speculation, similar to 'by any chance' or 'it might be that'.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5195

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Still, Unchanged

Reading

Kanji

依Reliant, Depend on 然Sort of thing, In that case

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '依然 (いぜん)' means 'still' or 'unchanged'. It is used to indicate that a situation or condition remains the same as before, often implying a lack of progress or change. This word is commonly used in formal or written contexts. For example: The problem is still unresolved「問題は依然として解決されていない」(もんだいはいぜんとしてかいけつされていない). The situation remains unchanged「状況は依然として変わらない」(じょうきょうはいぜんとしてかわらない). Note that '依然' is often paired with particles like 'として' to emphasize the continuity of a state.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5213

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally, Naturally

Reading

Kanji

固Hard

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '固より (もとより)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'originally', referring to something that was true from the beginning or from the start. For example: He was originally a teacher「彼は固より教師だった」(かれはもとよりきょうしだった). The second meaning is 'naturally', indicating something that is obvious or goes without saying. For example: Naturally, I agree with you「固より、あなたに賛成です」(もとより、あなたにさんせいです). This word is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuanced tone of something being self-evident or inherent.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5214

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Kanji

前Before, Front

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '前もって (まえもって)' means 'beforehand' or 'in advance'. It is used to indicate that something is done or prepared ahead of time, often to avoid last-minute issues or to ensure smooth execution. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Please inform me beforehand「前もって教えてください」(まえもっておしえてください). We prepared everything beforehand「私たちは前もってすべて準備しました」(わたしたちはまえもってすべてじゅんびしました). It emphasizes proactive action and planning.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5244

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Friendly

Reading

Kanji

仲Relationship 良Good

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '仲良く (なかよく)' means 'friendly' or 'on good terms'. It is used to describe a harmonious or amicable relationship between people. This word often implies mutual understanding and cooperation. For example: Let's get along well「仲良くしましょう」(なかよくしましょう). They are living together in harmony「彼らは仲良く暮らしています」(かれらはなかよくくらしています). It can also be used to describe how people interact, such as playing together nicely or working together without conflict.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5291

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

That, Much

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'それほど (それほど)' is used to indicate degree or extent, often in negative sentences to mean 'not that much' or 'not so much'. It can also be used in questions to ask about the degree of something. For example: It's not that expensive「それほど高くない」(それほどたかくない). Is it that difficult?「それほど難しいですか？」(それほどむずかしいですか？). Note that 'それほど' is often paired with negative forms to express that something is not as extreme as one might think.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5304

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Generally, Roughly

Reading

Kanji

一One 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一通り (ひととおり)' is used to describe doing something in a general or rough manner, without going into detail. It implies a basic or overall understanding or completion of a task. For example: I roughly read the document「一通り書類に目を通しました」(ひととおりしょるいにめをとおしました). She generally understands the topic「彼女は一通りその話題を理解しています」(かのじょはひととおりそのわだいをりかいしています). This word is often used when referring to tasks like reading, learning, or explaining something in a broad sense.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5339

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As if

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あたかも' means 'as if' or 'just like'. It is used to draw a comparison or to describe something that resembles or seems like something else. This word is often used in literary or formal contexts to emphasize the similarity between two situations or states. For example: It was as if time had stopped「あたかも時間が止まったかのようだった」(あたかもじかんがとまったかのようだった). He spoke as if he knew everything「あたかもすべてを知っているかのように話した」(あたかもすべてをしっているかのようにはなした). Note that 'あたかも' is typically followed by phrases like 'かのようだ' or 'かのように' to complete the comparison.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5349

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Never

Reading

Kanji

二Two 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '二度と (にどと)' means 'never again' or 'never'. It is used to express that something will not happen again in the future. This word carries a strong sense of finality and is often used in negative contexts. For example: I will never forget you「二度とあなたを忘れない」(にどとあなたをわすれない). He said he would never return「彼は二度と戻らないと言った」(かれはにどともどらないといった). Note that '二度と' is typically used with negative verb forms to emphasize that an action will not be repeated.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5359

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Long

Reading

Kanji

長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '長らく (ながらく)' means 'for a long time' or 'a long while'. It is used to describe a period of time that is significantly long, often implying a sense of waiting or duration. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as waiting for someone, enduring a situation, or describing how long something has been the case. For example: I waited for a long time「長らく待ちました」(ながらくまちました). He has been sick for a long time「彼は長らく病気です」(かれはながらくびょうきです). Note that '長らく' often carries a nuance of something being prolonged or extended beyond what might be expected or desired.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

No matter what, By all means

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうしても (どうしても)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'no matter what,' which is used to express that something cannot be achieved or avoided regardless of effort or circumstances. For example: I can't understand it no matter what「どうしても理解できない」(どうしてもりかいできない). The second meaning is 'by all means,' which is used to express a strong determination or necessity to achieve something. For example: I must pass the exam by all means「どうしても試験に合格しなければならない」(どうしてもしけんにごうかくしなければならない). The nuance of this word often conveys a sense of urgency or strong will.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5403

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Please

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうか (どうか)' is used to make a polite request or plea, often conveying a sense of urgency or desperation. It can be translated as 'please' but carries a stronger emotional tone, implying that the speaker is earnestly asking for something. For example: please help me「どうか助けてください」(どうかたすけてください). please consider my request「どうか私の願いを聞いてください」(どうかわたしのねがいをきいてください). This word is often used in formal or serious situations, such as when asking for a favor or making a heartfelt appeal.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5409

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Thanks, Somehow

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうも' is a versatile word with two primary meanings. First, it is often used as a casual way to say 'thanks' or express gratitude, similar to 'thanks a lot' or 'thank you'. For example: Thanks a lot「どうもありがとう」(どうもありがとう). Second, it can mean 'somehow' or 'in some way', often used when the speaker is unsure or vague about something. For example: I somehow feel uneasy「どうも不安だ」(どうもふあんだ). The word is highly context-dependent, so its meaning can vary based on the situation. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and is considered informal.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5426

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Safely

Reading

Kanji

無Nothing 事Thing

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '無事 (ぶじ)' means 'safely' or 'without incident'. It is often used to describe the successful completion of a task, journey, or event without any problems or harm. It can also be used to express relief that someone or something is safe. For example: He arrived safely「彼は無事に到着した」(かれはぶじにとうちゃくした). The package was delivered without any issues「荷物は無事に届いた」(にもつはぶじにとどいた). It's important to note that '無事' can also be used as a noun to mean 'safety' or 'well-being', but in this context, we are focusing on its adverbial usage.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5432

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soon

Reading

Kanji

間Interval, Space 無Nothing

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '間も無く (まもなく)' means 'soon' and is used to indicate that something will happen in the near future. It is often used in formal or written contexts, such as announcements or schedules. For example: The train will arrive soon「電車は間も無く到着します」(でんしゃはまもなくとうちゃくします). The meeting will start soon「会議は間も無く始まります」(かいぎはまもなくはじまります). This adverb conveys a sense of immediacy and is typically used when the event is expected to occur within a short period of time.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5434

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occasionally

Reading

Kanji

時Time, Hour 折Bend, Fold

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '時折 (ときおり)' means 'occasionally' or 'from time to time'. It is used to describe actions or events that happen infrequently or at irregular intervals. This word is often used in written or formal contexts, but it can also be used in spoken language. For example: I occasionally visit my grandmother「時折、祖母を訪ねます」(ときおり、そぼをたずねます). Snow falls occasionally in this region「この地域では時折雪が降ります」(このちいきではときおりゆきがふります). The word '時折' carries a slightly poetic nuance, making it suitable for expressing a sense of rarity or nostalgia.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5603

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cannot

Reading

Kanji

到Reach, Arrival 底Bottom

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '到底 (とうてい)' is used to express that something is absolutely impossible or cannot be done under any circumstances. It is often used in negative sentences to emphasize the impossibility of an action or situation. For example: I cannot possibly understand「到底理解できない」(とうていりかいできない). It is impossible to finish this by today「到底今日中には終わらない」(とうていきょうじゅうにはおわらない). This adverb carries a strong sense of finality and is typically used in formal or written contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

5614

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Seems

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'どうやら' is used to express that something appears to be a certain way based on available information, though it may not be certain. It often conveys a sense of inference or speculation. For example: It seems like it will rain「どうやら雨が降りそうだ」(どうやらあめがふりそうだ). It seems he didn't come after all「どうやら彼は結局来なかった」(どうやらかれはけっきょくこなかった). This adverb is commonly used in conversational Japanese to indicate that the speaker has reached a conclusion based on indirect evidence or circumstances.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5630

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Lightly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'あっさり (assari)' is used to describe something that is done in a simple, plain, or straightforward manner. It often conveys a sense of ease, lack of complexity, or minimal effort. It can be used to describe food, behavior, or decisions. For example: she answered lightly「彼女はあっさり答えた」(かのじょはあっさりこたえた). The soup tastes light「スープがあっさりしている」(スープがあっさりしている). It can also imply a lack of emotional attachment or a quick resolution, as in: he gave up lightly「彼はあっさり諦めた」(かれはあっさりあきらめた).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5634

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Refreshed

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'すっきり' (sukkiri) conveys a sense of being refreshed, clear, or free from obstruction. It is often used to describe a state of mind, physical condition, or appearance that feels light, unburdened, or tidy. For example: I feel refreshed after a good sleep「よく寝てすっきりした」(よくねてすっきりした). The room looks tidy and clean「部屋がすっきりしている」(へやがすっきりしている). It can also describe something that is straightforward or easy to understand, such as a clear explanation「説明がすっきりしている」(せつめいがすっきりしている). This word is versatile and commonly used in daily conversation to express relief or clarity.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5649

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quickly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さっと' describes an action done quickly, lightly, or smoothly. It often implies a swift or effortless motion, such as brushing something off, moving swiftly, or doing something in a brief moment. For example: He quickly wiped the table「彼はさっとテーブルを拭いた」(かれはさっとテーブルをふいた). The wind blew the leaves away swiftly「風がさっと葉を吹き飛ばした」(かぜがさっとはをふきとばした). This adverb is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe actions that are done without hesitation or delay.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

5678

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting