Jōyō KanjiOrganized by School Grade

kanji

Meaning

Thing

Reading

Parts

⺕Hand 亅Barb 一One 口Mouth

Example Word

事態: situation. The Japanese noun '事態 (じたい)' refers to a 'situation' or 'state of affairs', often implying a critical, serious, or unexpected condition. It is commonly used to describe circumstances that require attention or action. For example: The situation is serious「事態は深刻だ」(じたいはしんこくだ). We must respond to this situation「この事態に対応しなければならない」(このじたいにたいおうしなければならない). The word is often used in formal or news contexts to describe events or developments that have significant implications.

Radical

亅

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

16

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Someone

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 耂Old (老)

Example Word

者: person. The Japanese noun '者 (もの)' means 'person'. It is a formal or literary term used to refer to an individual, often in a general or abstract sense. It can also imply a person with a specific role or characteristic. For example: a wise person「賢い者」(かしこいもの). The person who did this「これをした者」(これをしたもの). Note that '者' is often used in written or formal contexts, and in spoken language, alternatives like '人 (ひと)' are more common.

Radical

老

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

29

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Thing

Reading

Parts

牛Cow 勿Must not

Example Word

食べ物: food. The Japanese noun '食べ物 (たべもの)' means 'food'. It refers to any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for the body. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing meals, ingredients, or types of cuisine. For example: I like Japanese food「私は日本の食べ物が好きです」(わたしはにほんのたべものがすきです). This food is delicious「この食べ物は美味しい」(このたべものはおいしい). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as when talking about food culture or dietary preferences.

Radical

牛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

38

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hold

Reading

Parts

寺Temple 扌Hand (手)

Example Word

持って行く: take. The Japanese verb '持って行く (もっていく)' means 'to take (something) away' or 'to bring (something) along'. It is a compound verb formed by combining '持つ (もつ)' (to hold) and '行く (いく)' (to go). This verb is used when you take something with you to another place. For example: I will take this book to school「この本を学校に持って行く」(このほんをがっこうにもっていく). Please take this bag with you「このバッグを持って行ってください」(このバッグをもっていってください). The verb emphasizes the action of taking something from one place to another.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

47

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shop, Roof

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 至Arrive, Climax

Example Word

問屋: wholesaler. The Japanese noun '問屋 (とんや)' refers to a 'wholesaler', which is a business that sells goods in large quantities to retailers rather than directly to consumers. This term is often used in the context of traditional Japanese commerce, where wholesalers play a crucial role in the distribution chain. For example: The wholesaler delivered the goods「問屋が商品を届けた」(とんやがしょうひんをとどけた). We bought these items from a wholesaler「これらの商品を問屋から買いました」(これらのしょうひんをとんやからかいました). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who deals with a large quantity of something, such as information or tasks.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

49

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Way, Form

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 羊Sheep 氺Water (水)

Example Word

仕様: specification. The Japanese noun '仕様 (しよう)' refers to a 'specification' or 'design'. It is commonly used in technical, engineering, or product development contexts to describe the detailed requirements, features, or parameters of a system, product, or process. For example: the specification of this machine is complex「この機械の仕様は複雑です」(このきかいのしようはふくざつです). We need to check the product specifications「製品の仕様を確認する必要があります」(せいひんのしようをかくにんするひつようがあります). The word can also imply the way something is designed or intended to function, as in '仕様書 (しようしょ)' (specification document).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

56

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Degrees, Times

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 又Again 廿Twenty

Example Word

濃度: concentration. The Japanese noun '濃度 (のうど)' refers to the 'concentration' of a substance, such as the density or strength of a solution, mixture, or chemical. It is commonly used in scientific, technical, or everyday contexts to describe how much of a particular substance is present in a given volume or area. For example: the concentration of salt in the water is high「水の中の塩の濃度が高い」(みずのなかのしおののうどがたかい). This juice has a low sugar concentration「このジュースは糖分の濃度が低い」(このジュースはとうぶんののうどがひくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the intensity or density of abstract concepts, such as emotions or ideas.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

58

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Idea

Reading

Parts

音Sound 心Heart

Example Word

意地: stubbornness or disposition. The Japanese noun '意地 (いじ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'stubbornness', referring to a person's obstinate or unyielding nature. For example: He showed his stubbornness「彼は意地を見せた」(かれはいじをみせた). The second meaning is 'disposition', referring to a person's inherent qualities of mind and character. For example: She has a kind disposition「彼女は優しい意地を持っている」(かのじょはやさしいいじをもっている). The word can carry a slightly negative connotation when used to describe stubbornness, but it is neutral when referring to one's disposition.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

59

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body, Self

Reading

Parts

自Self 亅Barb 丿Katakana no

Example Word

身長: height. The Japanese noun '身長 (しんちょう)' refers to a person's height, specifically their physical stature from head to toe. It is commonly used in contexts such as medical checkups, sports, or personal descriptions. For example: His height is 180 cm「彼の身長は180センチです」(かれのしんちょうは180センチです). I measured my height「身長を測りました」(しんちょうをはかりました). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Radical

身

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

64

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Place

Reading

Parts

戸Door 斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

所々: parts or spots. The Japanese noun '所々 (ところどころ)' refers to various spots or parts of something, often implying that these spots or parts are scattered or not continuous. It can be used to describe physical locations, as well as abstract concepts like ideas or stories. For example: There are spots of snow on the ground「地面に所々雪がある」(じめんにところどころゆきがある). The story has parts that are hard to understand「その話は所々わかりにくい」(そのはなしはところどころわかりにくい). This word is often used to indicate that something is not uniform or consistent throughout.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

65

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fruit, Truth

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 𡗗Folded hands

Example Word

実践: practice. The Japanese noun '実践 (じっせん)' means 'practice' in the sense of putting theory or knowledge into action. It is often used in contexts related to education, training, or personal development, where the focus is on applying what has been learned. For example: Practice is important for mastering a skill「実践はスキルを習得するために重要です」(じっせんはスキルをしゅうとくするためにじゅうようです). He put his ideas into practice「彼は自分の考えを実践した」(かれはじぶんのかんがえをじっせんした). The word emphasizes the active application of knowledge rather than just theoretical understanding.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

69

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ruler, You

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 尹Official rank

Example Word

君主: monarch. The Japanese noun '君主 (くんしゅ)' refers to a 'monarch', a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor. This term is used in historical, political, and formal contexts to denote a ruler with supreme authority over a state or territory. For example: The monarch ruled the country wisely「君主は国を賢く治めた」(くんしゅはくにをかしこくおさめた). The power of the monarch was absolute「君主の権力は絶対的だった」(くんしゅのけんりょくはぜったいてきだった). The term can also be used metaphorically in literature or discussions about leadership and authority.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

75

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Substitute, Era

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)弋Ceremony

Example Word

代わり: substitute. The Japanese noun '代わり (かわり)' means 'substitute' or 'replacement'. It refers to something or someone that takes the place of another. This word is often used in contexts where one thing is exchanged for another, such as in a trade or a replacement. For example: I will go in your place「私があなたの代わりに行きます」(わたしがあなたのかわりにいきます). This can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when one action or event compensates for another. For example: The food was bad, but the service made up for it「料理はまずかったけど、サービスが代わりになった」(りょうりはまずかったけど、サービスがかわりになった).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

78

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Face, Surface

Reading

Parts

丆Cliff (厂)囗Box 丨Stick 二Two

Example Word

真面目: serious or earnest. The Japanese adjectival noun '真面目 (まじめ)' primarily means 'serious' or 'earnest'. It is used to describe someone who is diligent, hardworking, or sincere in their actions or attitude. This word often carries a positive connotation, implying reliability and responsibility. However, it can also imply being overly serious or lacking a sense of humor in certain contexts. Example sentences: He is a serious student「彼は真面目な学生です」(かれはまじめながくせいです). She is earnest about her work「彼女は仕事に真面目です」(かのじょはしごとにまじめです). Note that '真面目' can also describe objects or situations that are genuine or authentic, though this usage is less common.

Radical

面

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

80

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

World, Generation

Reading

Parts

廿Twenty 𠃊Second (乙)

Example Word

世論: public opinion. The Japanese noun '世論 (よろん)' refers to 'public opinion'. It is used to describe the collective views or attitudes of the general public on a particular issue or topic. This term is often used in discussions about politics, social issues, and media. For example: Public opinion is divided on this issue「この問題について世論は分かれている」(このもんだいについてよろんはわかれている). The government is paying attention to public opinion「政府は世論に注目している」(せいふはよろんにちゅうもくしている). Note that '世論' can also be read as 'せろん' in some contexts, but 'よろん' is the more common reading.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

81

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Feeling, Sensation

Reading

Parts

心Heart 咸Same

Example Word

実感: realization. The Japanese verbal noun '実感 (じっかん)' refers to the feeling or awareness of something being real or tangible. It is often used to describe the moment when something becomes clear or when one truly understands or feels the reality of a situation. For example: I felt the reality of his words「彼の言葉を実感した」(かれのことばをじっかんした). She realized the importance of family「家族の大切さを実感した」(かぞくのたいせつさをじっかんした). This word is commonly used in contexts where emotions or understanding deepen, such as personal experiences or life lessons.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

83

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Master

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 王King

Example Word

主任: chief. The Japanese noun '主任 (しゅにん)' refers to a person in charge or a chief of a section or department. It is commonly used in workplaces to denote someone who holds a supervisory or managerial position. For example: He is the chief of the sales department「彼は営業部の主任です」(かれはえいぎょうぶのしゅにんです). The chief will explain the new project「主任が新しいプロジェクトを説明します」(しゅにんがあたらしいぷろじぇくとをせつめいします). This term emphasizes responsibility and leadership within a specific area of work.

Radical

丶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

85

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Take

Reading

Parts

又Again 耳Ear

Example Word

書き取る: transcribe. The Japanese verb '書き取る (かきとる)' means 'to transcribe' or 'to write down'. It is used when someone writes down spoken words, such as dictation or notes from a lecture. For example: I transcribed the lecture「講義を書き取った」(こうぎをかきとった). Please write down what I say「私の言うことを書き取ってください」(わたしのいうことをかきとってください). This verb is often used in educational or professional settings where accuracy in recording spoken information is important.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

93

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Section, Department

Reading

Parts

咅Spit ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

部落: hamlet. The Japanese noun '部落 (ぶらく)' refers to a small village or hamlet, typically a rural settlement that is smaller than a town. Historically, it has also been used to refer to certain marginalized communities in Japan, particularly the 'burakumin', a social minority group. However, in modern usage, it primarily denotes a small rural community. Example sentences: That hamlet is very quiet「あの部落はとても静かだ」(あのぶらくはとてもしずかだ). I visited a small hamlet in the mountains「山の中の小さな部落を訪れた」(やまのなかのちいさなぶらくをおとずれた).

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

94

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

God

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)申Report

Example Word

神社: shrine. The Japanese noun '神社 (じんじゃ)' refers to a 'shrine', which is a sacred place in Shinto religion dedicated to the worship of kami (spirits or deities). Shrines are often characterized by their distinctive architecture, including torii gates, and are places for rituals, prayers, and festivals. For example: I visited a shrine「神社に行きました」(じんじゃにいきました). The shrine is old「その神社は古いです」(そのじんじゃはふるいです). Shrines play a significant role in Japanese culture and are commonly visited during New Year celebrations and other traditional events.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

99

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Next

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)欠Lack

Example Word

次いで: next. The Japanese adverb '次いで (ついで)' means 'next' or 'following'. It is used to indicate the order of events, actions, or items in a sequence. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe what comes immediately after something else. For example: The first prize went to John, and next was Mary「一等賞はジョンで、次いでメアリーだった」(いっとうしょうはジョンで、ついでメアリーだった). After the main course, next came dessert「メインコースの次いでデザートが出た」(メインコースのついでデザートがでた). Note that '次いで' is more formal than '次に (つぎに)', which is a more common way to say 'next' in everyday conversation.

Radical

欠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

101

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Facing, Yonder

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 冋Desert

Example Word

振り向く: turn. The Japanese verb '振り向く (ふりむく)' means 'to turn' or 'to look back'. It is used when someone turns their head or body to face a different direction, often in response to a sound or call. This verb can also carry a metaphorical meaning, such as reconsidering a past decision or reflecting on something. For example: She turned when I called her name「私が名前を呼ぶと彼女は振り向いた」(わたしがなまえをよぶとかのじょはふりむいた). He looked back at his childhood memories「彼は子供時代の思い出に振り向いた」(かれはこどものじだいのおもいでにふりむいた). Note that this verb is often used in contexts involving physical movement or emotional reflection.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

103

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 目Eye

Example Word

真相: truth. The Japanese noun '真相 (しんそう)' refers to the 'truth' or 'real facts' about a situation, event, or matter. It is often used in contexts where uncovering or revealing the actual state of affairs is important, such as in investigations, news reporting, or personal revelations. For example: The truth about the incident was revealed「事件の真相が明らかになった」(じけんのしんそうがあきらかになった). We must uncover the truth「真相を明らかにしなければならない」(しんそうをあきらかにしなければならない). This word carries a sense of depth and seriousness, often implying that the truth is not immediately apparent and requires effort to discover.

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

104

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Move

Reading

Parts

重Heavy 力Power

Example Word

動き: movement. The Japanese noun '動き (うごき)' primarily means 'movement'. It refers to the act or process of moving or changing position. This word can be used in various contexts, such as physical movement, changes in a situation, or trends in society. For example: The movement of the leaves was beautiful「葉の動きが美しかった」(はのうごきがうつくしかった). There's a movement towards healthier eating「健康的な食事への動きがある」(けんこうてきなしょくじへのうごきがある). It's also commonly used in phrases like '社会の動き (しゃかいのうごき)' which means 'trends in society'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

106

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flat

Reading

Parts

干Dry 丷Divide

Example Word

平等: equality. The Japanese adjectival noun '平等 (びょうどう)' means 'equality'. It refers to the state of being equal, especially in status, rights, or opportunities. This term is often used in social, legal, and ethical contexts to describe fairness and impartiality. For example: All people should have equality「すべての人は平等であるべきだ」(すべてのひとはびょうどうであるべきだ). The law guarantees equality「法律は平等を保証する」(ほうりつはびょうどうをほしょうする). Note that '平等' can also be used to describe equal treatment or fairness in various situations, such as in education or employment.

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

111

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flavor

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 未Not yet

Example Word

趣味: hobby. The Japanese noun '趣味 (しゅみ)' means 'hobby'. It refers to activities or interests that one enjoys doing in their free time. This word is commonly used to describe personal interests, such as sports, arts, or collecting items. For example: My hobby is reading books「私の趣味は本を読むことです」(わたしのしゅみはほんをよむことです). What is your hobby?「あなたの趣味は何ですか？」(あなたのしゅみはなんですか？). The word can also imply a sense of personal taste or preference, as in '趣味が良い (しゅみがいい)' meaning 'to have good taste'.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

117

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Death

Reading

Parts

匕Spoon 歹Bad

Example Word

戦死: death in battle. The Japanese verbal noun '戦死 (せんし)' refers to 'death in battle'. It is used to describe the act of dying during combat or war. This term is often used in historical or military contexts. For example: He died in battle「彼は戦死した」(かれはせんしした). Many soldiers died in battle「多くの兵士が戦死した」(おおくのへいしがせんしした). The term carries a solemn and respectful tone, often used to honor those who lost their lives in conflict.

Radical

歹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

120

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 枼Table

Example Word

言葉遣い: wording. The Japanese noun '言葉遣い (ことばづかい)' refers to the way one uses or chooses words, often implying the manner or style of speech. It can denote politeness, formality, or appropriateness in language. For example: Her wording is very polite「彼女の言葉遣いはとても丁寧です」(かのじょのことばづかいはとてもていねいです). Please be careful with your wording「言葉遣いに気をつけてください」(ことばづかいにはきをつけてください). This term is often used in contexts where the choice of words is important, such as in formal settings or when addressing someone of higher status.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

127

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Whole, All

Reading

Parts

王King 𠆢Person (人)

Example Word

保全: preservation or conservation. The Japanese noun '保全 (ほぜん)' refers to the act of preserving or conserving something, often in the context of maintaining its original state or preventing damage. It is commonly used in fields such as environmental protection, cultural heritage, and infrastructure maintenance. For example: environmental preservation is important「環境保全は大切です」(かんきょうほぜんはたいせつです). The conservation of historical buildings「歴史的建造物の保全」(れきしてきけんぞうぶつのほぜん). This word emphasizes the proactive effort to protect and maintain something valuable.

Radical

入

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

135

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Truth

Reading

Parts

十Ten 具Tool

Example Word

写真: photo. The Japanese noun '写真 (しゃしん)' means 'photo' or 'photograph'. It refers to a picture taken with a camera or similar device. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to both physical and digital photos. For example: I took a photo「写真を撮りました」(しゃしんをとりました). This is a beautiful photo「これは美しい写真です」(これはうつくしいしゃしんです). The word can also be used in compound terms, such as '写真集 (しゃしんしゅう)' (photo album) or '写真家 (しゃしんか)' (photographer).

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

142

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beautiful

Reading

Parts

𦍌Sheep (羊)大Big

Example Word

美味しい: delicious. The Japanese adjective '美味しい (おいしい)' means 'delicious'. It is used to describe food or drink that tastes very good. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to express enjoyment of a meal. For example: This cake is delicious「このケーキは美味しい」(このケーキはおいしい). The sushi at this restaurant is delicious「このレストランの寿司は美味しい」(このレストランのすしはおいしい). '美味しい' can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is very pleasing or enjoyable, such as a deal or opportunity.

Radical

羊

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

144

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Against

Reading

Parts

寸Measurement 文Sentence

Example Word

対処: handling. The Japanese noun '対処 (たいしょ)' means 'handling' or 'dealing with'. It refers to the act of managing or addressing a situation, problem, or task. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to take action to resolve or manage something. For example: proper handling of the situation is necessary「状況の適切な対処が必要です」(じょうきょうのてきせつなたいしょがひつようです). He is good at handling difficult problems「彼は難しい問題の対処が上手です」(かれはむずかしいもんだいのたいしょがじょうずです). The word can also imply a sense of strategy or method in dealing with challenges.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

148

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fall

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 氵Water (水)各Each

Example Word

集落: village or settlement. The Japanese noun '集落 (しゅうらく)' refers to a small community or group of houses, typically in a rural area. It can be translated as 'village' or 'settlement'. This term is often used to describe a small, clustered group of dwellings, often in a remote or less urbanized area. For example: The village is surrounded by mountains「その集落は山に囲まれている」(そのしゅうらくはやまにかこまれている). The settlement was established centuries ago「その集落は何世紀も前に作られた」(そのしゅうらくはなんせいきもまえにつくられた). Note that '集落' emphasizes the physical grouping of houses or buildings, rather than the administrative or cultural aspects of a community.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

152

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Serve

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)士Samurai

Example Word

仕方: way. The Japanese noun '仕方 (しかた)' means 'way' or 'method'. It refers to the manner or approach in which something is done. This word is often used when discussing how to accomplish a task or solve a problem. For example: There is no other way「仕方がない」(しかたがない). This is the way to do it「これが仕方だ」(これがしかただ). It can also imply resignation or acceptance when used in phrases like '仕方がない (しかたがない)', which means 'it can't be helped' or 'there's no other way'.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

155

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Equal

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)寺Temple

Example Word

不平等: inequality. The Japanese adjectival noun '不平等 (ふびょうどう)' means 'inequality'. It is used to describe a state of unfairness or lack of equality, often in social, economic, or legal contexts. For example: There is inequality in the distribution of wealth「富の分配に不平等がある」(とみのぶんぱいにとみのぶんぱいにふびょうどうがある). The law is unequal「その法律は不平等だ」(そのほうりつはふびょうどうだ). This term can also be used to describe unequal treatment or conditions in various situations, such as in relationships or opportunities.

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

164

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exist

Reading

Parts

𠂇Cliff (厂)月Moon, Month

Example Word

有機: organic. The Japanese noun '有機 (ゆうき)' means 'organic'. It is commonly used in contexts related to chemistry, biology, and agriculture to describe substances or processes that are derived from living organisms or involve carbon-based compounds. For example: organic vegetables「有機野菜」(ゆうきやさい). This term is also used in broader contexts, such as 'organic chemistry'「有機化学」(ゆうきかがく). The word emphasizes a natural or biological origin, contrasting with synthetic or inorganic materials.

Radical

月

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

165

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Question, Problem

Reading

Parts

門Gate 口Mouth

Example Word

問う: question or ask. The Japanese verb '問う (とう)' primarily means 'to ask' or 'to question'. It is used when someone is seeking information or clarification, often in a formal or serious context. This verb can also imply a deeper inquiry or examination, such as questioning the validity or truth of something. For example: The lawyer asked the witness「弁護士は証人に問うた」(べんごしはしょうにんにとうた). We must question the meaning of life「人生の意味を問わなければならない」(じんせいのいみをとうなければならない). Note that '問う' is more formal and less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '聞く (きく)', which also means 'to ask'.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

167

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Arrive, Wear

Reading

Parts

目Eye ⺶Sheep (羊)

Example Word

定着: establishment or fixation. The Japanese noun '定着 (ていちゃく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'fixation', which refers to the act of fixing something in place or making it stable. For example: the fixation of the dye on the fabric「染料の定着がしっかりしている」(せんりょうのていちゃくがしっかりしている). The second meaning is 'establishment', which refers to the process of something becoming widely accepted or recognized. For example: the establishment of new customs「新しい習慣の定着」(あたらしいしゅうかんのていちゃく). This word is often used in contexts related to technology, culture, or social norms, where something is being made permanent or widely adopted.

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

168

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Evil

Reading

Parts

心Heart 亜Asia

Example Word

悪女: wicked woman. The Japanese noun '悪女 (あくじょ)' refers to a 'wicked woman' or a woman who is morally bad, often characterized by deceit, manipulation, or cruelty. This term is used to describe a woman who behaves in a way that is harmful or unethical. It can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: She is known as a wicked woman「彼女は悪女として知られている」(かのじょはあくじょとしてしられている). The story features a wicked woman who tricks everyone「その物語には皆を騙す悪女が登場する」(そのものがたりにはみんなをだますあくじょがとうじょうする). The term carries a strong negative connotation and is often used in literature, drama, or storytelling to describe a villainous female character.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

171

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ordinal number

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)弟Younger brother

Example Word

落第: failure or flunking. The Japanese verbal noun '落第 (らくだい)' refers to failing or flunking, particularly in an academic context. It is commonly used to describe failing an exam, a course, or not meeting the required standards to advance to the next level. For example: He failed the exam「彼は試験に落第した」(かれはしけんにらくだいした). If you don't study, you'll flunk「勉強しないと落第するよ」(べんきょうしないとらくだいするよ). This term carries a strong connotation of not meeting expectations and is often used in educational settings.

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

173

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Heavy

Reading

Parts

里Hometown 千Thousand

Example Word

厳重: strict. The Japanese adjective '厳重 (げんじゅう)' means 'strict' or 'severe'. It is often used to describe something that is very carefully controlled, tightly secured, or strictly enforced. This word can be applied to security measures, rules, or even warnings. For example: strict security measures were taken「厳重な警備が取られた」(げんじゅうなけいびがとられた). The teacher gave a strict warning「先生は厳重に注意した」(せんせいはげんじゅうにちゅういした). It can also imply a sense of seriousness or gravity in a situation, such as in '厳重な処置 (げんじゅうなしょち) (strict measures)'.

Radical

里

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

179

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wake up

Reading

Parts

走Run 己Oneself

Example Word

起きる: occur or wake. The Japanese verb '起きる (おきる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to wake up', referring to the act of ceasing to sleep. For example: I wake up at 7 every morning「私は毎朝7時に起きる」(わたしはまいあさ7じにおきる). The second meaning is 'to occur' or 'to happen', used to describe events or incidents. For example: An accident occurred on the highway「高速道路で事故が起きた」(こうそくどうろでじこがおきた). The verb is commonly used in both contexts, and its meaning is determined by the situation. When used to mean 'wake up', it often refers to a person or animal, while 'occur' is used for events or situations.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

187

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Parts

癶Dotted tent 开Open

Example Word

爆発: explosion. The Japanese verbal noun '爆発 (ばくはつ)' means 'explosion'. It refers to a sudden and violent release of energy, often accompanied by a loud noise and destruction. This word can be used literally, such as in the context of a bomb exploding, or figuratively, to describe a sudden outburst of emotions or events. For example: The explosion was heard far away「爆発が遠くまで聞こえた」(ばくはつがとおくまできこえた). His anger exploded「彼の怒りが爆発した」(かれのいかりがばくはつした). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '爆発物 (ばくはつぶつ)' (explosive material) or '爆発力 (ばくはつりょく)' (explosive power).

Radical

癶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

188

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flow

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)㐬Newborn

Example Word

流通: distribution. The Japanese verbal noun '流通 (りゅうつう)' refers to the process of distributing goods, products, or information. It is commonly used in contexts related to commerce, logistics, and economics. For example: The distribution of goods is efficient「商品の流通が効率的だ」(しょうひんのりゅうつうがこうりつてきだ). Information flows quickly in this network「このネットワークでは情報の流通が速い」(このネットワークではじょうほうのりゅうつうがはやい). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the circulation of ideas or trends.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

192

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 反Anti

Example Word

返る: return. The Japanese verb '返る (かえる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is often used to describe the act of returning to a place, state, or condition. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as returning home, returning to a previous state, or even returning an item. For example: I will return home「家に返る」(いえにかえる). The book returned to the library「本が図書館に返った」(ほんがとしょかんにかえった). It's important to note that '返る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. Instead, it often pairs with particles like 'に' to indicate the destination or target of the return.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

199

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Help

Reading

Parts

且Moreover, Also 力Power

Example Word

助ける: help. The Japanese verb '助ける (たすける)' means 'to help' or 'to assist'. It is used when someone provides assistance or support to another person, often in a situation where the other person is in trouble or needs aid. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as helping someone physically, emotionally, or financially. For example: I helped my friend「友達を助けた」(ともだちをたすけた). She helped me with my homework「彼女は私の宿題を助けてくれた」(かのじょはわたしのしゅくだいをたすけてくれた). It can also imply saving someone from danger, as in: The lifeguard helped the drowning child「ライフガードは溺れている子供を助けた」(ライフガードはおぼれているこどもをたすけた). Note that '助ける' is often used in situations where the help is significant or impactful.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

200

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Other

Radical Form Of

亻

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)也To be

Example Word

他方: other or another. The Japanese noun '他方 (たほう)' means 'other' or 'another'. It is used to refer to a different or alternative side, direction, or aspect of something. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to contrast two different things or perspectives. For example: On the other hand, he is very kind「他方、彼はとても親切だ」(たほう、かれはとてもしんせつだ). Another example: We need to consider the other side of the argument「議論の他方を考慮する必要がある」(ぎろんのたほうをこうりょするひつようがある). The word '他方' can also be used to indicate a different direction or place, such as in the sentence: The store is on the other side of the street「店は通りの他方にある」(みせはとおりのたほうにある).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

202

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Command, Life

Reading

Parts

令Orders 口Mouth

Example Word

一生懸命: hard or earnestly. The Japanese adverb '一生懸命 (いっしょうけんめい)' means 'hard' or 'earnestly'. It is used to describe doing something with great effort, determination, or seriousness. This word often conveys a sense of giving one's all or putting in maximum effort. For example: I studied hard for the exam「試験のために一生懸命勉強した」(しけんのためにいっしょうけんめいべんきょうした). She worked earnestly to achieve her dream「彼女は夢を叶えるために一生懸命働いた」(かのじょはゆめをかなえるためにいっしょうけんめいはたらいた). The word can also be used to describe physical effort, such as running hard「一生懸命走った」(いっしょうけんめいはしった). Note that while 'hard' is a common translation, the nuance of '一生懸命' often includes a sense of sincerity and dedication.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

203

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Concept

Reading

Parts

心Heart 相Mutual

Example Word

発想: idea. The Japanese noun '発想 (はっそう)' refers to an 'idea' or 'concept', particularly one that is creative or innovative. It is often used in contexts where original thinking or a fresh perspective is involved. For example: His idea was brilliant「彼の発想は素晴らしかった」(かれのはっそうはすばらしかった). We need a new idea for this project「このプロジェクトには新しい発想が必要だ」(このプロジェクトにはあたらしいはっそうがひつようだ). The word can also imply the process of coming up with ideas, as in '発想力 (はっそうりょく)', which means 'creative thinking ability'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

206

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Report

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 丨Stick

Example Word

申請: application. The Japanese verbal noun '申請 (しんせい)' means 'application' and refers to the act of formally requesting or applying for something, such as a permit, license, or approval. It is commonly used in administrative, legal, or bureaucratic contexts. For example: I submitted an application for a visa「ビザの申請を提出しました」(びざのしんせいをていしゅつしました). The company filed an application for a patent「会社は特許の申請を出しました」(かいしゃはとっきょのしんせいをだしました). Note that '申請' is often paired with verbs like する (to do) or 提出する (to submit) to indicate the action of applying.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

221

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Suffer

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 古Old

Example Word

苦手: dislike or weakness. The Japanese adjectival noun '苦手 (にがて)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'weakness', referring to something one is not good at or struggles with. The second meaning is 'dislike', referring to something one does not enjoy or prefers to avoid. For example: I am weak at math「数学が苦手です」(すうがくがにがてです). I dislike spicy food「辛い食べ物が苦手です」(からいたべものがにがてです). This word is often used to express personal challenges or preferences in a polite or indirect manner.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

230

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cheap, Relax

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 女Woman

Example Word

不安: anxiety. The Japanese adjectival noun '不安 (ふあん)' primarily means 'anxiety' or 'unease'. It describes a feeling of worry, nervousness, or fear about something uncertain or potentially negative. It is often used to express emotional states related to uncertainty or insecurity. For example: I feel anxiety about the future「将来に不安を感じる」(しょうらいにふあんをかんじる). Her voice was filled with unease「彼女の声には不安が溢れていた」(かのじょのこえにはふあんがあふれていた). This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe emotional distress or concern.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

234

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Change

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)匕Spoon

Example Word

化: change. The Japanese suffix '化 (か)' is used to indicate a transformation, change, or conversion into a certain state or condition. It is often attached to nouns to form new nouns or verbs, signifying the process of becoming or making something into the state described by the root word. For example: modernization「近代化」(きんだいか). urbanization「都市化」(としか). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as in the word simplification「簡素化」(かんそか). This suffix is versatile and widely used in both technical and everyday language to describe processes of change.

Radical

匕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

236

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Determine

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 正Correct

Example Word

認定: certification or recognition. The Japanese noun '認定 (にんてい)' refers to the act of officially recognizing or certifying something. It is commonly used in contexts involving formal approval, accreditation, or acknowledgment. For example: The product received official certification「その製品は認定を受けました」(そのせいひんはにんていをうけました). His skills were recognized by the organization「彼のスキルはその組織に認定されました」(かれのスキルはそのそしきににんていされました). This term is often used in professional, educational, or legal settings to denote formal validation.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

237

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wait

Reading

Parts

寺Temple 彳Stop

Example Word

待ち遠しい: eagerly awaited. The Japanese adjective '待ち遠しい (まちどおしい)' conveys a sense of eager anticipation or longing for something that is expected to happen in the future. It is often used to describe feelings of excitement or impatience while waiting for a highly anticipated event, person, or thing. For example: I can't wait for the festival「祭りが待ち遠しい」(まつりがまちどおしい). The children are eagerly awaiting the summer vacation「子供たちは夏休みが待ち遠しい」(こどもたちはなつやすみがまちどおしい). This word is commonly used in contexts where the speaker is looking forward to something with great enthusiasm.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

241

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Open

Reading

Parts

門Gate 开Open

Example Word

開業: business or opening. The Japanese noun '開業 (かいぎょう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'opening', specifically referring to the act of opening a new business or establishment. The second meaning is 'business', referring to the operation or running of a business. This word is commonly used in contexts related to starting or managing a business. For example: The opening of the new store is next week「新しい店の開業は来週です」(あたらしいみせのかいぎょうはらいしゅうです). He is in the business of running a restaurant「彼はレストランの開業をしています」(かれはレストランのかいぎょうをしています).

Radical

門

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

244

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Deep

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)罙Deep

Example Word

深夜: late night. The Japanese noun '深夜 (しんや)' refers to the late hours of the night, typically after midnight. It is often used to describe activities or events that occur during this time, such as late-night work, broadcasting, or transportation. For example: I work late at night「私は深夜に働く」(わたしはしんやにはたらく). The train runs until late at night「電車は深夜まで走る」(でんしゃはしんやまではしる). This term is commonly used in contexts like '深夜番組 (しんやばんぐみ) (late-night show)' or '深夜営業 (しんやえいぎょう) (late-night business hours)'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

248

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Illness

Reading

Parts

丙Third, Third class 疒Sick

Example Word

病死: illness or death. The Japanese verbal noun '病死 (びょうし)' refers to death caused by illness or disease. It is a compound of '病 (びょう)' meaning 'illness' and '死 (し)' meaning 'death'. This term is often used in medical or formal contexts to describe a person's passing due to sickness. For example: He died of illness「彼は病死した」(かれはびょうしした). Many people died from the epidemic「多くの人が伝染病で病死した」(おおくのひとがでんせんびょうでびょうしした). Note that '病死' specifically emphasizes the cause of death being an illness, distinguishing it from other causes like accidents or old age.

Radical

疒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

249

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surface, Express

Reading

Parts

𧘇Garment (衣)龶Life (生)

Example Word

表記: writing or notation. The Japanese noun '表記 (ひょうき)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'notation', referring to the system or method of representing something in written form, such as musical notation or mathematical notation. The second meaning is 'writing', which refers to the act or style of writing something down, such as the way a word is written in kanji, hiragana, or katakana. For example: The notation for this formula is complicated「この式の表記は複雑だ」(このしきのひょうきはふくざつだ). The writing of this word in kanji is difficult「この言葉の表記は難しい」(このことばのひょうきはむずかしい).

Radical

衣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

251

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)夬Decide

Example Word

取り決め: agreement. The Japanese noun '取り決め (とりきめ)' refers to an agreement or arrangement made between parties. It is often used in formal or business contexts to describe decisions or terms that have been mutually agreed upon. For example: We made an agreement about the project「プロジェクトについて取り決めをした」(ぷろじぇくとについてとりきめをした). The agreement between the two companies was finalized「両社間の取り決めが成立した」(りょうしゃかんのとりきめがせいりつした). This word emphasizes the formal and binding nature of the agreement.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

253

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hit

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)丁Street

Example Word

打ち明ける: confess. The Japanese verb '打ち明ける (うちあける)' means 'to confess' or 'to reveal something honestly and openly'. It is often used when someone shares a secret, a personal feeling, or a hidden truth with another person. This verb carries a nuance of vulnerability and trust, as it implies opening up about something that was previously kept private. For example: She confessed her feelings to him「彼女は彼に気持ちを打ち明けた」(かのじょはかれにきもちをうちあけた). He revealed his secret to his friend「彼は友達に秘密を打ち明けた」(かれはともだちにひみつをうちあけた). The verb is commonly used in emotional or personal contexts, emphasizing sincerity and openness.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

260

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Begin

Reading

Parts

女Woman 台Pedestal, Machine

Example Word

始める: start. The Japanese verb '始める (はじめる)' means 'to start' or 'to begin'. It is used to indicate the beginning of an action, event, or process. This verb is often paired with another verb in its stem form to express starting to do something, such as '食べ始める (たべはじめる)' (to start eating). For example: I started studying Japanese「日本語を勉強し始めた」(にほんごをべんきょうしはじめた). She began to cry「彼女は泣き始めた」(かのじょはなきはじめた). The verb can also stand alone to indicate the start of something, like 'The meeting started「会議が始まった」(かいぎがはじまった)'. Note that '始める' is a transitive verb, so it often takes a direct object.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

267

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Root

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 艮Stopping

Example Word

根: root. The Japanese noun '根 (ね)' primarily means 'root'. It refers to the part of a plant that grows underground, absorbing water and nutrients. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the origin or foundation of something, such as a problem or an idea. For example: the roots of the tree are deep「木の根は深い」(きのねはふかい). The root of the problem lies in communication「問題の根はコミュニケーションにある」(もんだいのねはコミュニケーションにある). Note that '根' can also appear in compound words, such as '根本 (こんぽん)', meaning 'foundation' or 'basis'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

268

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Use

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)吏Officer, Official

Example Word

使者: messenger. The Japanese noun '使者 (ししゃ)' means 'messenger'. This term is used to refer to someone who is sent to deliver a message or perform a task on behalf of another person or organization. It carries a formal or official connotation, often implying that the messenger is acting under authority. For example: The king sent a messenger「王は使者を送った」(おうはししゃをおくった). The messenger delivered the important news「使者は重要な知らせを届けた」(ししゃはじゅうようなしらせをとどけた). This word is typically used in contexts involving diplomacy, official communications, or significant announcements.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

271

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Investigate, Tune

Reading

Parts

言Say 周Circumference

Example Word

調理: cooking. The Japanese noun '調理 (ちょうり)' refers to the act or process of cooking or preparing food. It is commonly used in contexts related to food preparation, such as in professional kitchens, home cooking, or culinary arts. For example: I am studying cooking「私は調理を勉強しています」(わたしはちょうりをべんきょうしています). This kitchen is for cooking「このキッチンは調理用です」(このキッチンはちょうりようです). The word can also appear in compound terms like '調理師 (ちょうりし)', which means 'chef' or 'cook'.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

274

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reason

Reading

Parts

十Ten 口Mouth

Example Word

不自由: discomfort. The Japanese verbal noun '不自由 (ふじゆう)' primarily means 'discomfort' or 'inconvenience'. It refers to a state of being unable to do something freely or comfortably, often due to physical, mental, or situational constraints. This word is commonly used to describe a lack of freedom or difficulty in performing actions. For example: He feels discomfort due to his injury「彼はけがで不自由を感じている」(かれはけがでふじゆうをかんじている). Living without electricity is inconvenient「電気がない生活は不自由だ」(でんきがないせいかつはふじゆうだ). The word can also imply a sense of dependency or limitation, such as in the phrase '不自由な体 (ふじゆうなからだ)', meaning 'a body with disabilities'.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

278

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Urgent

Reading

Parts

心Heart 刍Mow

Example Word

急度: surely. The Japanese adverb '急度 (きっと)' means 'surely' or 'certainly'. It is used to express a strong belief or conviction about something happening or being true. This word is often used when the speaker is confident about a future event or outcome. For example: He will surely come「彼はきっと来る」(かれはきっとくる). It will surely rain tomorrow「明日はきっと雨が降る」(あしたはきっとあめがふる). The nuance of 'きっと' often implies a sense of hope or expectation, and it is commonly used in positive contexts. It can also be used to reassure someone, as in 'きっと大丈夫 (きっとだいじょうぶ) (Surely, it will be okay).'

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

283

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Topic

Reading

Parts

是Right, Absolutely 頁Page

Example Word

問題: question or problem. The Japanese noun '問題 (もんだい)' can mean either 'problem' or 'question', depending on the context. As 'problem', it refers to an issue or difficulty that needs to be resolved. For example: there is a problem with the computer「コンピューターに問題がある」(コンピューターにもんだいがある). As 'question', it refers to a query or an item on a test. For example: I have a question「問題があります」(もんだいがあります). This word is commonly used in both academic and everyday situations, and its meaning is usually clear from the context.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

285

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accept

Reading

Parts

爪Claw 冖Crown 又Again

Example Word

受診: consultation. The Japanese noun '受診 (じゅしん)' refers to the act of receiving a medical consultation or examination. It is commonly used in contexts related to healthcare, such as visiting a doctor or undergoing a medical check-up. For example: I had a medical consultation today「今日は受診しました」(きょうはじゅしんしました). It's important to schedule a consultation「受診の予約を取ることが大切です」(じゅしんのよやくをとることがたいせつです). This term is often used in formal or medical settings and emphasizes the patient's action of seeking medical attention.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

291

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Island

Reading

Parts

山Mountain 鳥Bird

Example Word

諸島: archipelago. The Japanese noun '諸島 (しょとう)' refers to an 'archipelago', which is a group or chain of islands. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe clusters of islands, such as the Japanese archipelago itself. For example: The Japanese archipelago consists of many islands「日本の諸島は多くの島々から成る」(にほんのしょとうはおおくのしまじまからなる). The Ryukyu Islands are a famous archipelago「琉球諸島は有名な諸島です」(りゅうきゅうしょとうはゆうめいなしょとうです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe any group or collection of similar things, though this usage is less common.

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

292

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Product

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

日用品: daily necessities. The Japanese noun '日用品 (にちようひん)' means 'daily necessities'. This word refers to everyday items that are commonly used in daily life, such as toothbrushes, soap, kitchen utensils, and other household goods. These items are essential for routine activities and are typically purchased frequently. Example: I need to buy daily necessities 「日用品を買う必要がある」 (にちようひんをかうひつようがある). This store has a wide range of daily necessities 「この店は日用品の品揃えが豊富だ」 (このみせはにちようひんのしなぞろえがほうふだ). The term is commonly used in shopping contexts and when referring to household management.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

299

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Advance

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 隹Bird

Example Word

推進: promotion. The Japanese verbal noun '推進 (すいしん)' means 'promotion' or 'advancement'. It refers to the act of pushing forward or promoting a plan, project, or idea. This word is often used in formal or organizational contexts, such as business, government, or policy-making. For example: the promotion of renewable energy「再生可能エネルギーの推進」(さいせいかのうえねるぎーのすいしん). We are advancing the new project「新しいプロジェクトを推進しています」(あたらしいぷろじぇくとをすいしんしています). Note that '推進' can also imply a sense of actively driving or propelling something forward, not just passively supporting it.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

301

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Both

Reading

Parts

一One 冂Enclosure 山Mountain

Example Word

両方: both. The Japanese noun '両方 (りょうほう)' means 'both'. It is used to refer to two items, options, or sides collectively. This word is often used when emphasizing that two things are included or considered together. For example: I like both「両方が好きです」(りょうほうがすきです). Both options are good「両方の選択肢が良いです」(りょうほうのせんたくしがいいです). It is important to note that '両方' is typically used in contexts where two distinct items or groups are being discussed, and it is not interchangeable with words like '全部 (ぜんぶ)' which means 'all' or 'everything'.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

306

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

World

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 介Mediate, Jammed in

Example Word

業界: industry. The Japanese noun '業界 (ぎょうかい)' refers to a specific industry or business sector. It is commonly used to describe a particular field of work or commerce, such as the entertainment industry, technology industry, or financial industry. For example: He works in the film industry「彼は映画業界で働いています」(かれはえいがぎょうかいではたらいています). The gaming industry is growing rapidly「ゲーム業界は急速に成長しています」(ゲームぎょうかいはきゅうそくにせいちょうしています). This term is often used in professional or business contexts to discuss trends, developments, or challenges within a specific sector.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

309

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Business

Reading

Parts

未Not yet 䒑Herbs 业Business (業)

Example Word

残業: overtime. The Japanese verbal noun '残業 (ざんぎょう)' refers to 'overtime work'. It is commonly used in workplace contexts to describe working beyond regular working hours. This term is often associated with the demanding work culture in Japan, where employees may frequently work late. For example: I have to do overtime today「今日は残業しなければならない」(きょうはざんぎょうしなければならない). He often works overtime「彼はよく残業する」(かれはよくざんぎょうする). The term can also be used in phrases like '残業代 (ざんぎょうだい)', which means 'overtime pay'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

310

Radical Form

业

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Peace

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 口Mouth

Example Word

和服: kimono. The Japanese noun '和服 (わふく)' refers to traditional Japanese clothing, commonly known as a 'kimono'. This term is used to describe the full-length robe with wide sleeves and a sash (obi) that is tied around the waist. It is distinct from Western-style clothing (洋服, ようふく). The word is often used in contexts discussing traditional Japanese culture, ceremonies, or formal events. Example sentences: She is wearing a beautiful kimono「彼女は美しい和服を着ています」(かのじょはうつくしいわふくをきています). I bought a kimono at the festival「祭りで和服を買いました」(まつりでわふくをかいました). Note that '和服' is a general term and can include various types of traditional garments, not just the formal kimono.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

313

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fortune

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 軍Army

Example Word

運命: fate. The Japanese noun '運命 (うんめい)' means 'fate' or 'destiny'. It refers to the predetermined course of events in a person's life, often beyond their control. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversations and literary contexts to express the idea of an inevitable outcome. For example: it was fate that we met「私たちが出会ったのは運命だった」(わたしたちがであったのはうんめいだった). He believes in fate「彼は運命を信じている」(かれはうんめいをしんじている). The word can also carry a sense of inevitability or predestination, often used in philosophical or romantic contexts.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

314

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Gather

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 隹Bird

Example Word

集合: gathering. The Japanese verbal noun '集合 (しゅうごう)' means 'gathering' or 'assembly'. It refers to the act of people or things coming together in one place. This word is often used in formal or organized contexts, such as meetings, events, or mathematical sets. For example: The gathering will start at 10 AM「集合は10時に始まります」(しゅうごうは10じにはじまります). Please gather at the entrance「入口に集合してください」(いりぐちにしゅうごうしてください). In mathematics, it can also refer to a 'set', as in '集合論 (しゅうごうろん) (set theory)'. The word is neutral and can be used in both casual and formal settings.

Radical

隹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

322

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sideways

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 黄Yellow

Example Word

横切る: cross. The Japanese verb '横切る (よこぎる)' means 'to cross' or 'to go across'. It is used to describe the action of moving from one side of something to the other, such as crossing a street, a room, or a field. This verb often implies a horizontal or lateral movement. For example: The cat crossed the street「猫が道を横切った」(ねこがみちをよこぎった). A bird flew across the sky「鳥が空を横切った」(とりがそらをよこぎった). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when something interrupts or cuts across a situation or conversation.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

324

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Anti

Reading

Parts

厂Cliff 又Again

Example Word

反発: rejection or rebound. The Japanese verbal noun '反発 (はんぱつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first is 'rejection', which refers to a strong opposition or resistance to something, such as an idea, authority, or proposal. For example: His proposal met with strong rejection「彼の提案は強い反発を受けた」(かれのていあんはつよいはんぱつをうけた). The second meaning is 'rebound', which refers to a physical or metaphorical bounce-back, such as a ball rebounding or a market recovering. For example: The ball rebounded off the wall「ボールは壁に反発した」(ぼーるはかべにはんぱつした). These two meanings are unrelated and context-dependent, so it's important to distinguish between them based on usage.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

326

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Alcohol, Sake

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)酉Bird of the zodiac

Example Word

酒屋: liquor store. The Japanese noun '酒屋 (さかや)' refers to a store that sells alcoholic beverages, particularly sake, but also other types of alcohol like beer, wine, and spirits. It is a common type of shop in Japan, often found in residential neighborhoods. For example: I bought sake at the liquor store「酒屋で日本酒を買いました」(さかやでにほんしゅをかいました). The liquor store is closed today「酒屋は今日休みです」(さかやはきょうやすみです). This word is specific to the retail establishment and does not refer to bars or drinking establishments.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

333

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Darkness

Reading

Parts

音Sound 日Day, Sun

Example Word

暗い: dark or gloomy. The Japanese adjective '暗い (くらい)' primarily means 'dark', referring to a lack of light. It can also mean 'gloomy', describing a somber or depressing atmosphere. For example: The room is dark「部屋が暗い」(へやがくらい). His mood is gloomy「彼の気分は暗い」(かれのきぶんはくらい). This word is often used to describe physical darkness, such as a dark room or night, as well as emotional states or situations that feel heavy or depressing. Note that the second meaning is distinct and unrelated to the first, as it refers to an emotional or atmospheric quality rather than a physical one.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

341

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Path

Reading

Parts

各Each ⻊Foot (足)

Example Word

十字路: crossroads. The Japanese noun '十字路 (じゅうじろ)' refers to a 'crossroads' or an intersection where two roads cross each other, typically forming a cross shape. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. In a literal sense, it describes a physical intersection, while metaphorically, it can signify a point of decision or a critical juncture in life. Example sentences include: At the crossroads, turn left「十字路で左に曲がってください」(じゅうじろでひだりにまがってください). Life is full of crossroads「人生には十字路がたくさんある」(じんせいにはじゅうじろがたくさんある).

Radical

足

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

343

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Past

Reading

Parts

厶Private 土Soil

Example Word

去る: leave. The Japanese verb '去る (さる)' means 'to leave' or 'to depart'. It is often used to describe someone or something moving away from a place or situation. This verb can also imply a sense of finality or separation. For example: he left the room「彼は部屋を去った」(かれはへやをさった). The train has departed「電車は去った」(でんしゃはさった). In some contexts, '去る' can also be used metaphorically to describe the passage of time or the end of an era, such as 'the old year has passed「旧年が去った」(きゅうねんがさった)'. Note that this verb is somewhat formal and is often used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Radical

厶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

344

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ride

Reading

Parts

千Thousand 廾Twenty 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

乗り出す: embark or lean out. The Japanese verb '乗り出す (のりだす)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to lean out', which is often used when someone leans out of a window, vehicle, or other structure. For example: he leaned out of the window「彼は窓から乗り出した」(かれはまどからのりだした). The second meaning is 'to embark on' or 'to start something new', such as a project or journey. For example: she embarked on a new career「彼女は新しいキャリアに乗り出した」(かのじょはあたらしいキャリアにのりだした). These two meanings are unrelated, so both are included as separate meanings. The verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

丿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

352

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 殳Pike

Example Word

役に立つ: useful. The Japanese verb '役に立つ (やくにたつ)' means 'to be useful' or 'to be helpful'. It is commonly used to describe something or someone that provides practical assistance or value. This verb is often used in everyday conversations to express gratitude or to acknowledge the usefulness of an object, advice, or a person. For example: This book is useful「この本は役に立つ」(このほんはやくにたつ). Your advice was very helpful「あなたのアドバイスはとても役に立った」(あなたのアドバイスはとてもやくにたった). Note that '役に立つ' is often used in its past tense form '役に立った' to indicate that something was useful in the past.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

354

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Guest, Customer

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 各Each

Example Word

客観: objectivity. The Japanese noun '客観 (きゃっかん)' refers to 'objectivity', which is the state or quality of being unbiased and not influenced by personal feelings or opinions. This term is often used in contexts such as scientific research, journalism, and philosophical discussions where an objective viewpoint is essential. For example: objectivity is important in research「研究では客観性が重要です」(けんきゅうではきゃっかんせいがじゅうようです). He tried to maintain objectivity in his analysis「彼は分析で客観性を保とうとした」(かれはぶんせきできゃっかんせいをたもとうとした). The term can also be used in contrast to '主観 (しゅかん)', which means 'subjectivity'.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

356

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breath

Reading

Parts

心Heart 自Self

Example Word

利息: interest. The Japanese noun '利息 (りそく)' refers to 'interest' in the financial sense, specifically the amount of money charged for borrowing or earned from lending money. It is commonly used in contexts related to banking, loans, and investments. For example: The bank charges high interest「銀行は高い利息を取る」(ぎんこうはたかいりそくをとる). I earned interest on my savings「貯金に利息がついた」(ちょきんにりそくがついた). This term is neutral and can be used in both positive and negative contexts depending on whether one is paying or receiving interest.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

358

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Finger

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)旨Purport, Delicious

Example Word

小指: pinkie. The Japanese noun '小指 (こゆび)' refers to the 'pinkie' or 'little finger,' which is the smallest and outermost finger on the hand. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can also appear in idiomatic expressions or cultural contexts. For example: I hurt my pinkie「小指をけがした」(こゆびをけがした). She wears a ring on her pinkie「彼女は小指に指輪をはめている」(かのじょはこゆびにゆびわをはめている). In Japanese culture, the pinkie finger is sometimes associated with promises or oaths, as seen in the phrase 'pinkie promise' (小指の約束, こゆびのやくそく).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

359

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Distribute

Reading

Parts

酉Bird of the zodiac 己Oneself

Example Word

分配: distribution. The Japanese noun '分配 (ぶんぱい)' refers to the act of distributing or allocating something among a group of people or entities. It is commonly used in contexts involving the division of resources, responsibilities, or benefits. For example: The distribution of profits was fair「利益の分配は公平だった」(りえきのぶんぱいはこうへいだった). They discussed the distribution of tasks「彼らは任務の分配について話し合った」(かれらはにんむのぶんぱいについてはなしあった). This term is often used in economic, organizational, or social contexts to describe how something is divided or shared.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

368

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 冬Winter

Example Word

終了: end. The Japanese verbal noun '終了 (しゅうりょう)' means 'end' or 'completion'. It is used to indicate the conclusion or termination of an event, process, or activity. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as the end of a program, meeting, or task. For example: The meeting has ended「会議が終了しました」(かいぎがしゅうりょうしました). The program will end at 5 PM「プログラムは午後5時に終了します」(プログラムはごご5じにしゅうりょうします). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as the end of a game or event. For example: The game is over「ゲームが終了しました」(ゲームがしゅうりょうしました).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

372

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Storey

Reading

Parts

皆All 阝Mound (阜)

Example Word

階段: stairs. The Japanese noun '階段 (かいだん)' means 'stairs'. It refers to a series of steps that allow people to move from one level of a building to another. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to staircases in homes, offices, or public places. For example: Please use the stairs「階段を使ってください」(かいだんをつかってください). The stairs are over there「階段はあそこです」(かいだんはあそこです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe progress or steps in a process, though this usage is less common.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

375

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Victory

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 劵Fatigue

Example Word

決勝: final. The Japanese noun '決勝 (けっしょう)' refers to the final round or match in a competition, such as a sports tournament or a game. It is used to describe the ultimate stage where the winner is determined. For example: The final is tomorrow「決勝は明日です」(けっしょうはあすです). They won the final「彼らは決勝に勝った」(かれらはけっしょうにかった). This term is commonly used in contexts like sports, contests, or any competitive event that culminates in a decisive match or round.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

377

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Happiness

Reading

Parts

土Soil 𢆉Sheep (羊)

Example Word

不幸せ: unhappy. The Japanese adjectival noun '不幸せ (ふしあわせ)' means 'unhappy'. It describes a state of not being happy or content, often due to unfavorable circumstances or emotional distress. This word is commonly used to express a lack of happiness in a general sense, whether it pertains to life, relationships, or specific situations. For example: She looks unhappy「彼女は不幸せそうだ」(かのじょはふしあわせそうだ). His life seems unhappy「彼の人生は不幸せだ」(かれのじんせいはふしあわせだ). Note that '不幸せ' is often used in contexts where the lack of happiness is noticeable or significant, and it carries a slightly more emotional weight compared to its antonym '幸せ (しあわせ)' (happy).

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

380

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follow

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 𠂤Pile up

Example Word

追い掛ける: chase. The Japanese verb '追い掛ける (おいかける)' means 'to chase' or 'to pursue'. It is used to describe the action of following someone or something quickly in order to catch them. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The dog chased the cat「犬は猫を追い掛けた」(いぬはねこをおいかけた). He is chasing his dreams「彼は夢を追い掛けている」(かれはゆめをおいかけている). The verb often implies a sense of urgency or determination in the pursuit.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

385

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Extinguish

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)肖Resemble, Resemblance

Example Word

消毒: disinfection. The Japanese verbal noun '消毒 (しょうどく)' means 'disinfection'. It refers to the process of cleaning something to destroy bacteria, viruses, or other harmful microorganisms. This term is commonly used in medical, hygiene, and cleaning contexts. For example: Please disinfect the wound「傷を消毒してください」(きずをしょうどくしてください). The hospital disinfects all equipment「病院は全ての器具を消毒します」(びょういんはすべてのきぐをしょうどくします). It is often used with verbs like する (to do) or する必要がある (need to do) to indicate the action of disinfecting.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

395

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Live

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)主Master

Example Word

住む: live. The Japanese verb '住む (すむ)' means 'to live' or 'to reside'. It is used to describe where someone lives or resides, whether it's a city, country, or specific type of dwelling. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about one's place of residence. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は東京に住んでいます」(わたしはとうきょうにすんでいます). They live in a big house「彼らは大きな家に住んでいる」(かれらはおおきないえにすんでいる). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as 'living in peace'「平和に住む」(へいわにすむ). Note that this verb is often paired with location particles like に (ni) to indicate the place of residence.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

396

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Protect

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 寸Measurement

Example Word

守備: defense. The Japanese verbal noun '守備 (しゅび)' means 'defense'. It is commonly used in contexts related to sports, military, or general protection. In sports, it refers to the act of defending against an opponent's attack. For example: His defense is strong「彼の守備は強い」(かれのしゅびはつよい). The team needs to improve their defense「チームは守備を改善する必要がある」(チームはしゅびをかいぜんするひつようがある). In a broader sense, it can also refer to safeguarding or protecting something, such as in 'national defense' (国防, こくぼう).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

399

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 廷Court

Example Word

家庭: family or home. The Japanese noun '家庭 (かてい)' refers to both 'home' and 'family', depending on the context. It emphasizes the domestic environment or household, often including the family unit living together. For example: My home is peaceful「私の家庭は平和です」(わたしのかていはへいわです). A happy family「幸せな家庭」(しあわせなかてい). It is commonly used in contexts discussing family life, household management, or domestic situations. The word carries a sense of warmth and togetherness, often implying a close-knit family unit.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

402

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Metropolis

Reading

Parts

者Someone ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

都庁: government or metropolitan. The Japanese noun '都庁 (とちょう)' refers to the metropolitan government, specifically the administrative body governing a metropolitan area, most notably Tokyo. It is a compound of '都 (と)' meaning 'metropolis' and '庁 (ちょう)' meaning 'government office'. This term is often used in the context of Tokyo's local government, known as '東京都庁 (とうきょうとちょう)'. Example sentences include: The metropolitan government building is tall「都庁の建物は高い」(とちょうのたてものはたかい). I visited the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Office「東京都庁を訪れました」(とうきょうとちょうをおとずれました).

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

409

Handwriting