Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Maximum

Reading

Kanji

最Most 大Big

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最大 (さいだい)' means 'maximum'. It refers to the greatest or highest amount, degree, or size that is possible or allowed. This word is often used in contexts involving limits, capacities, or extremes. For example: the maximum speed is 100 km/h「最大速度は100キロです」(さいだいそくどは100キロです). This is the maximum capacity「これが最大容量です」(これがさいだいようりょうです). It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as 'maximum effort' or 'maximum potential'. The word is commonly seen in technical, scientific, and everyday contexts where limits are discussed.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1101

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Damage

Reading

Kanji

被Incur, Be subjected to 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '被害 (ひがい)' refers to 'damage' or 'harm' caused by an event, accident, or disaster. It is commonly used in contexts involving natural disasters, accidents, or crimes. For example: The damage from the earthquake was severe「地震の被害は深刻だった」(じしんのひがい は しんこく だった). The company suffered significant losses due to the cyber attack「その会社はサイバー攻撃で大きな被害を受けた」(そのかいしゃ は サイバーこうげき で おおきな ひがい を うけた). This word is often used in news reports or formal discussions about negative impacts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1102

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Real estate agent

Reading

Kanji

不Not 動Move 産Give birth 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '不動産屋 (ふどうさんや)' refers to a 'real estate agent' or 'real estate agency'. This term is used to describe a person or business that deals with the buying, selling, and renting of properties. It is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing housing or property matters. For example: I went to the real estate agent to find a new apartment「新しいアパートを探しに不動産屋に行った」(あたらしいアパートをさがしにふどうさんやにいった). The real estate agent showed us several houses「不動産屋が私たちにいくつかの家を見せてくれた」(ふどうさんやがわたしたちにいくつかのいえをみせてくれた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1103

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Emotion

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感情 (かんじょう)' refers to 'emotion' or 'feeling'. It is used to describe the complex psychological states that arise from one's circumstances, mood, or relationships with others. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and formal contexts. For example: She couldn't hide her emotions「彼女は感情を隠せなかった」(かのじょはかんじょうをかくせなかった). His emotions were written all over his face「彼の感情は顔に表れていた」(かれのかんじょうはかおにあらわれていた). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '感情表現 (かんじょうひょうげん)' (emotional expression) or '感情移入 (かんじょういにゅう)' (empathy).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1104

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Quickly

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '早く (はやく)' means 'quickly' or 'early'. It is used to indicate that something is done with speed or haste, or that something occurs earlier than expected. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as urging someone to hurry up or describing the timing of an event. For example: Please come quickly「早く来てください」(はやくきてください). I woke up early this morning「今朝は早く起きた」(けさははやくおきた). It can also be used to express a desire for something to happen sooner, as in 'I want summer to come quickly'「夏が早く来てほしい」(なつがはやくきてほしい).

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1105

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Since

Reading

Kanji

以By means of 来Come

Explanation

The Japanese noun '以来 (いらい)' means 'since' and is used to indicate a period of time starting from a specific point in the past up to the present. It is often used to describe events, situations, or conditions that have continued from a past moment until now. For example: I haven't seen him since last year「去年以来彼に会っていない」(きょねんいらいかれにあっていない). Since moving to Tokyo, I've been very busy「東京に引っ越して以来、とても忙しい」(とうきょうにひっこしていらい、とてもいそがしい). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts and can be paired with various time expressions to specify the starting point.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1106

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fast speech

Reading

Kanji

早Early, Fast 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '早口 (はやくち)' refers to speaking quickly or rapidly. It is often used to describe someone who talks at a fast pace, which can sometimes make it difficult for others to understand. This term can be used in various contexts, such as describing a person's speaking style or commenting on the speed of speech in a conversation. For example: He speaks so fast that I can't understand him「彼は早口で話すので、私には理解できない」(かれははやくちではなすので、わたしにはりかいできない). Please speak more slowly, your fast speech is hard to follow「もっとゆっくり話してください、早口だと聞き取りにくいです」(もっとゆっくりはなしてください、はやくちだとききとりにくいです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1107

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Circumstances

Reading

Kanji

事Thing 情Feeling, Emotion

Explanation

The Japanese noun '事情 (じじょう)' refers to 'circumstances' or 'situation'. It is used to describe the conditions or reasons behind a particular state of affairs. This word is often used in formal or serious contexts to explain why something has happened or why a decision was made. For example: Due to personal circumstances, I cannot attend the meeting「事情により、会議に出席できません」(じじょうにより、かいぎにしゅっせきできません). The company explained the circumstances behind the delay「会社は遅延の事情を説明しました」(かいしゃはちえんのじじょうをせつめいしました). It can also be used to refer to the background or context of a situation, such as in '事情聴取 (じじょうちょうしゅ)', which means 'hearing the circumstances'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1108

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Speed

Reading

Kanji

速Quick

Explanation

The Japanese noun '速さ (はやさ)' means 'speed'. It refers to the rate at which something moves or operates. This word is often used in contexts involving motion, such as vehicles, athletes, or processes. For example: The speed of the car is impressive「車の速さがすごい」(くるまのはやさがすごい). The speed of light is constant「光の速さは一定だ」(ひかりのはやさはいっていだ). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the pace of events or changes, such as 'the speed of technological advancement'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1109

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Express

Reading

Kanji

速Quick 達Attain, Plural

Explanation

The Japanese noun '速達 (そくたつ)' refers to 'express' or 'express delivery'. It is commonly used in the context of mail or package delivery services to indicate that the item will be delivered faster than standard delivery. For example: I sent the document by express「書類を速達で送りました」(しょるいをそくたつでおくりました). Please use express delivery for this package「この荷物は速達でお願いします」(このにもつはそくたつでおねがいします). The term is often seen in postal services and is a convenient option for urgent deliveries.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1110

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

North

Reading

Kanji

北North

Explanation

The Japanese noun '北 (きた)' means 'north'. It refers to the cardinal direction and is commonly used in geographical contexts, such as indicating a location or giving directions. For example: The wind is coming from the north「風が北から吹いている」(かぜがきたからふいている). Hokkaido is in the north of Japan「北海道は日本の北にある」(ほっかいどうはにほんのきたにある). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being in a northern position relative to something else.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1111

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tooth

Reading

Kanji

歯Tooth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歯 (は)' means 'tooth'. It refers to the hard, calcified structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: I have a toothache「歯が痛い」(はがいたい). Brush your teeth「歯を磨きなさい」(はをみがきなさい). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '歯が立たない (はがたたない)', which means 'unable to handle' or 'too difficult to tackle'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1112

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

諸Many, Various

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '諸 (しょ)' is used to indicate 'various' or 'many' when attached to nouns. It often implies a collective or plural sense, referring to multiple items or aspects of the noun it modifies. For example: various countries「諸国」(しょこく). It is commonly used in formal or written contexts. Another example: various opinions「諸意見」(しょいけん). Note that this prefix is not used in casual conversation and is typically found in compound words or formal expressions.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1113

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start

Reading

Kanji

開Open 始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '開始 (かいし)' means 'start' or 'commencement'. It is used to indicate the beginning of an event, activity, or process. This word is often used in formal or official contexts, such as meetings, ceremonies, or operations. For example: The meeting will start at 10 AM「会議は10時に開始します」(かいぎは10じにかいしします). The operation has commenced「手術が開始されました」(しゅじゅつがかいしされました). Note that '開始' is typically used in written or formal speech, while more casual situations might use simpler terms like '始める (はじめる)'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1114

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacher

Reading

Kanji

師Master, Expert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '師 (し)' means 'teacher' or 'master'. It refers to someone who is highly skilled or knowledgeable in a particular field and often serves as a mentor or guide. This term is commonly used in contexts such as martial arts, arts and crafts, or academic disciplines. For example: He is my teacher「彼は私の師です」(かれはわたしのしです). The tea ceremony master is respected「茶道の師は尊敬されている」(さどうのしはそんけいされている). Note that '師' can also be part of compound words, such as '教師 (きょうし)' (teacher) or '医師 (いし)' (doctor).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1115

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Firstly

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '始めに (はじめに)' means 'firstly' or 'to begin with'. It is commonly used to introduce the first point or step in a sequence, often in speeches, presentations, or written instructions. This word sets the stage for what follows and is typically followed by additional points or actions. For example: Firstly, let's introduce ourselves「始めに、自己紹介をしましょう」(はじめに、じこしょうかいをしましょう). Firstly, we need to gather the materials「始めに、材料を集める必要があります」(はじめに、ざいりょうをあつめるひつようがあります). It is a formal and structured way to organize thoughts or actions.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1116

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Surely

Reading

Kanji

急Urgent 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '急度 (きっと)' means 'surely' or 'certainly'. It is used to express a strong belief or conviction about something happening or being true. This word is often used when the speaker is confident about a future event or outcome. For example: He will surely come「彼はきっと来る」(かれはきっとくる). It will surely rain tomorrow「明日はきっと雨が降る」(あしたはきっとあめがふる). The nuance of 'きっと' often implies a sense of hope or expectation, and it is commonly used in positive contexts. It can also be used to reassure someone, as in 'きっと大丈夫 (きっとだいじょうぶ) (Surely, it will be okay).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1117

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Computer

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'パソコン (pasokon)' is an abbreviation of 'パーソナルコンピュータ (paasonaru konpyuuta)', meaning 'personal computer'. It refers to a computer designed for individual use, typically for tasks such as word processing, internet browsing, or gaming. This term is widely used in everyday conversation and is more casual than the full term. Example sentences: I bought a new computer「新しいパソコンを買いました」(あたらしいパソコンをかいました). My computer is broken「私のパソコンが壊れています」(わたしのパソコンがこわれています). Note that 'パソコン' specifically refers to personal computers and not other types of computers like servers or mainframes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1118

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Light

Reading

Kanji

軽Lightly

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '軽い (かるい)' primarily means 'light' in terms of weight. It can describe physical objects that are not heavy, such as a light bag「軽いバッグ」(かるいバッグ). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is not serious or significant, like a light conversation「軽い会話」(かるいかいわ). Additionally, it can describe something that is easy to do or handle, such as a light task「軽い仕事」(かるいしごと). The adjective is versatile and can be used in various contexts to convey the idea of something being light in weight, seriousness, or difficulty.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1119

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Realization

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実現 (じつげん)' means 'realization' or 'actualization'. It refers to the act of making something real or bringing something into existence, such as a plan, dream, or idea. This word is often used in contexts involving goals, aspirations, or projects. For example: the realization of a dream「夢の実現」(ゆめのじつげん). The plan was realized「計画が実現した」(けいかくがじつげんした). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the realization of an idea「アイデアの実現」(アイデアのじつげん). Note that this word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1120

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Kanji

園Garden

Explanation

The Japanese noun '園 (その)' primarily means 'garden'. It refers to a cultivated area of land, often used for growing plants, flowers, or vegetables. This word can also be used in compound words to denote specific types of gardens or parks, such as '動物園 (どうぶつえん)' (zoo) or '幼稚園 (ようちえん)' (kindergarten). Example sentences: The garden is beautiful「その園は美しい」(そのそのはうつくしい). I went to the zoo「動物園に行った」(どうぶつえんにいった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1121

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Implementation

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 施Alms, Carry out

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実施 (じっし)' means 'implementation' or 'carrying out'. It refers to the act of putting a plan, policy, or system into effect. This word is commonly used in formal or professional contexts, such as business, government, or education. For example: The new policy will be implemented next month「新しい政策は来月実施されます」(あたらしいせいさくはらいげつじっしされます). The company conducted a survey「その会社は調査を実施した」(そのかいしゃはちょうさをじっしした). Note that '実施' is often used with verbs like する (to do) or される (to be done) to indicate the action of implementation.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1122

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese prefix '全 (ぜん)' means 'all' or 'entire'. It is commonly used to indicate completeness or entirety when attached to nouns. For example: all members「全員」(ぜんいん), all over the world「全世界」(ぜんせかい), or all day「全日」(ぜんじつ). This prefix is often used in formal or written contexts to emphasize the totality of something. Another example: all power「全力」(ぜんりょく). Note that '全' can also be used in compound words to convey a sense of wholeness or comprehensiveness, such as in '全国 (ぜんこく)' meaning 'nationwide' or 'entire country'.

Part Of Speech

prefix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1123

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wisdom

Reading

Kanji

知Know 恵Favor, Bestow a favor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '知恵 (ちえ)' refers to 'wisdom' or 'intelligence'. It is used to describe the ability to make sound judgments and decisions based on knowledge, experience, and understanding. This word often carries a positive connotation, implying practical or insightful knowledge. For example: Wisdom comes with age「年を取ると知恵がつく」(としをとるとちえがつく). He used his wisdom to solve the problem「彼は知恵を使って問題を解決した」(かれはちえをつかってもんだいをかいけつした). The term can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '知恵を絞る (ちえをしぼる)', which means 'to rack one's brains'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1124

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Execution

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実行 (じっこう)' means 'execution' or 'implementation'. It refers to the act of carrying out or putting something into practice, such as a plan, idea, or action. This word is often used in contexts involving decision-making, projects, or strategies. For example: The execution of the plan was successful「計画の実行は成功した」(けいかくのじっこうはせいこうした). We need to execute this idea immediately「このアイデアをすぐに実行する必要がある」(このアイデアをすぐにじっこうするひつようがある). Note that '実行' is commonly paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the act of executing something.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1125

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disease

Reading

Kanji

病Illness

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '病 (びょう)' means 'disease' or 'illness'. It is commonly attached to nouns to describe specific diseases or conditions. For example: heart disease「心臓病」(しんぞうびょう), mental illness「精神病」(せいしんびょう). This suffix is also used metaphorically to describe obsessive behaviors or conditions, such as 'otaku disease'「オタク病」(おたくびょう), referring to an extreme obsession with anime or manga. The suffix is neutral in tone but can carry a negative connotation depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1126

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Experiment

Reading

Kanji

実Fruit, Truth 験Test

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '実験 (じっけん)' means 'experiment'. It refers to a scientific test or trial conducted to discover or demonstrate something. This word is commonly used in academic, scientific, and everyday contexts. For example: We conducted an experiment「私たちは実験を行いました」(わたしたちはじっけんをおこないました). The experiment was successful「実験は成功しました」(じっけんはせいこうしました). It can also be used metaphorically to describe trying something new, such as: This recipe is an experiment「このレシピは実験です」(このレシピはじっけんです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1127

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Building

Reading

Kanji

建Build 物Thing

Explanation

The Japanese noun '建物 (たてもの)' refers to a 'building', which is a structure with a roof and walls, such as a house, school, or office. This word is commonly used to describe any kind of constructed edifice. For example: That building is tall「あの建物は高い」(あのたてものはたかい). I work in that building「私はあの建物で働いています」(わたしはあのたてものではたらいています). The word can be used in both formal and informal contexts and is neutral in tone.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1128

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Passage

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '通過 (つうか)' means 'passage' or 'passing through'. It is used to describe the act of moving through a place, area, or situation without stopping or being significantly affected. This word is often used in contexts like transportation, where it refers to passing through a station or checkpoint without stopping, or in abstract situations, such as passing through a phase or stage. For example: The train passed through the station without stopping「電車は駅を通過した」(でんしゃはえきをつうかした). He passed through a difficult time「彼は困難な時期を通過した」(かれはこんなんなじきをつうかした). Note that '通過' can also imply a sense of transition or progression, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1129

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shoulder

Reading

Kanji

肩Shoulder

Explanation

The Japanese noun '肩 (かた)' means 'shoulder'. This word refers to the part of the body where the arm connects to the torso. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can also appear in idiomatic expressions. For example: my shoulder hurts「肩が痛い」(かたがいたい). He patted me on the shoulder「彼は私の肩を叩いた」(かれはわたしのかたをたたいた). In Japanese culture, the shoulder can also symbolize responsibility or burden, as in '肩の荷が下りる (かたのにがおりる)', which means 'to be relieved of a burden'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1130

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

集Gather 団Group, Association

Explanation

The Japanese noun '集団 (しゅうだん)' means 'group'. It refers to a collection of people or things gathered together, often with a common purpose or characteristic. This term is commonly used in various contexts, such as social groups, organizations, or even inanimate objects grouped together. For example: a group of students「学生の集団」(がくせいのしゅうだん). A group of buildings「建物の集団」(たてもののしゅうだん). The word can also imply a sense of unity or collective action within the group.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1131

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Afternoon

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon 過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼過ぎ (ひるすぎ)' refers to the time period in the early afternoon, specifically after midday. It is used to describe the time when the sun is past its highest point but still relatively early in the afternoon. For example: I will go shopping in the afternoon「昼過ぎに買い物に行きます」(ひるすぎにかいものにいきます). The meeting is scheduled for the afternoon「会議は昼過ぎに予定されています」(かいぎはひるすぎによていされています). This term is commonly used in daily conversations to indicate a specific time frame during the day.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1132

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tale

Reading

Kanji

物Thing 語Language, Word

Explanation

The Japanese noun '物語 (ものがたり)' refers to a 'tale' or 'story'. It is commonly used to describe a narrative, whether fictional or based on real events, that is told in a structured manner. This word often carries a sense of tradition or literary value, and it can be used to describe anything from ancient legends to modern novels. For example: I read an old tale「古い物語を読みました」(ふるいものがたりをよみました). This tale is very interesting「この物語はとても面白いです」(このものがたりはとてもおもしろいです). The word can also imply a deeper or more meaningful story, often with a moral or lesson.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1133

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Elderly

Reading

Kanji

老Old, Aged 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '老人 (ろうじん)' refers to an elderly person or old people in general. It is a neutral term used to describe someone who is advanced in age, typically implying respect for their experience and wisdom. However, context matters, as it can sometimes carry a slightly negative connotation depending on usage. Example sentences: The elderly man is walking slowly「老人がゆっくり歩いている」(ろうじんがゆっくりあるいている). We should respect the elderly「私たちは老人を尊敬すべきだ」(わたしたちはろうじんをそんけいすべきだ).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1134

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Someday

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いつか (itsuka)' means 'someday' or 'at some point in the future'. It is used to refer to an unspecified time in the future, often with a sense of hope or uncertainty. For example: I will visit Japan someday「いつか日本を訪れます」(いつかにほんをおとずれます). Someday I will understand「いつかわかるでしょう」(いつかわかるでしょう). This word can also imply a sense of inevitability or a vague promise about the future. It is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1135

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Development

Reading

Kanji

開Open 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '開発 (かいはつ)' means 'development'. It is commonly used in contexts related to the creation, improvement, or advancement of products, technologies, areas, or ideas. For example: the development of new technology「新しい技術の開発」(あたらしいぎじゅつのかいはつ). This area is under development「この地域は開発中です」(このちいきはかいはつちゅうです). It can also refer to the exploitation of resources, such as in 'land development'「土地の開発」(とちのかいはつ). The word is neutral and widely applicable across industries, including technology, real estate, and education.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1136

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Slowly

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'ゆっくり' means 'slowly'. It is used to describe actions or movements that are performed at a leisurely or unhurried pace. This word can also imply taking one's time or doing something without rushing. For example: Please eat slowly「ゆっくり食べてください」(ゆっくりたべてください). Let's walk slowly「ゆっくり歩きましょう」(ゆっくりあるきましょう). Additionally, 'ゆっくり' can be used to suggest relaxation or taking it easy, as in 'ゆっくり休んでください (ゆっくりやすんでください) (Please rest comfortably).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1137

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equal, Lineup

Reading

Kanji

並Line, Row

Explanation

The Japanese verb '並ぶ (ならぶ)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to line up' or 'to stand in a row', referring to physical alignment. For example: people are lining up for the bus「人々がバスに並んでいる」(ひとびとがバスにならんでいる). The second meaning is 'to be equal to' or 'to rival', indicating a comparison of ability or status. For example: his skill equals that of a professional「彼の技術はプロに並ぶ」(かれのぎじゅつはプロにならぶ). The verb is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts, and its meaning depends on the situation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1138

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Occurrence

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発生 (はっせい)' refers to the occurrence, outbreak, or generation of something, often used in contexts like natural phenomena, events, or issues. It implies the beginning or emergence of a situation or condition. For example: the occurrence of an earthquake「地震の発生」(じしんのはっせい). The outbreak of a disease「病気の発生」(びょうきのはっせい). It can also be used in technical or scientific contexts, such as the generation of energy「エネルギーの発生」(えねるぎーのはっせい).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1139

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Statement

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発言 (はつげん)' refers to the act of making a statement or expressing an opinion, often in a formal or public setting. It is commonly used in contexts such as meetings, debates, or discussions. For example: His statement was very clear「彼の発言はとても明確でした」(かれのはつげんはとてもめいかくでした). Please refrain from making unnecessary statements「不必要な発言は控えてください」(ふひつようなはつげんはひかえてください). The word emphasizes the act of speaking out or contributing to a conversation, and it often carries a sense of responsibility or significance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1140

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Establish, Determine

Reading

Kanji

定Determine

Explanation

The Japanese verb '定める (さだめる)' primarily means 'to determine' or 'to establish'. It is used when setting rules, standards, or decisions firmly. For example: The government determined the new policy「政府は新しい政策を定めた」(せいふはあたらしいせいさくをさだめた). They established the rules for the competition「彼らは競技のルールを定めた」(かれらはきょうぎのルールをさだめた). This verb often implies a formal or authoritative decision-making process. It can also be used in contexts like setting a date or defining a concept, such as: The date for the meeting was set「会議の日付が定められた」(かいぎのひづけがさだめられた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1141

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Learn

Reading

Kanji

学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese verb '学ぶ (まなぶ)' means 'to learn'. It is used to describe the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through study, experience, or being taught. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as learning a language, learning from mistakes, or learning about a subject. For example: I want to learn Japanese「日本語を学びたい」(にほんごをまなびたい). He learned from his mistakes「彼は失敗から学んだ」(かれはしっぱいからまなんだ). The verb '学ぶ' often implies a deeper or more formal process of learning compared to other similar verbs like '習う (ならう)', which can imply learning through practice or repetition.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1142

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Discovery

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 見See

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発見 (はっけん)' means 'discovery'. It refers to the act of finding or uncovering something previously unknown or hidden. This word is often used in scientific, historical, or everyday contexts to describe the process of identifying something new. For example: The discovery of a new species「新種の発見」(しんしゅのはっけん). He made a surprising discovery「彼は驚くべき発見をした」(かれはおどろくべきはっけんをした). Note that '発見' can also imply a sense of realization or insight, such as discovering a solution to a problem.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1143

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Tomorrow

Reading

Kanji

明Bright 日Day, Sun

Explanation

The Japanese noun '明日 (あす)' means 'tomorrow'. It refers to the day after today. This word is commonly used in daily conversations and can be used in various contexts, such as making plans or discussing future events. For example: I will go to the park tomorrow「明日、公園に行きます」(あす、こうえんにいきます). Tomorrow is a holiday「明日は休日です」(あすはきゅうじつです). It's important to note that '明日' can also be read as 'あした' in some contexts, which carries the same meaning but is slightly more casual.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1144

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 発Departure

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出発 (しゅっぱつ)' means 'departure'. It refers to the act of leaving or setting out from a place, often used in contexts like travel, trips, or starting a journey. It can also metaphorically describe the beginning of a new endeavor or phase. For example: The train's departure is at 8 AM「電車の出発は8時です」(でんしゃのしゅっぱつは8じです). We will depart for Kyoto tomorrow「明日、京都へ出発します」(あした、きょうとへしゅっぱつします). Note that '出発' is often used with the verb 'する' to form the phrase '出発する', meaning 'to depart'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1145

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Range

Reading

Kanji

範Model, Pattern 囲Surround

Explanation

The Japanese noun '範囲 (はんい)' means 'range'. It refers to the extent or scope of something, such as a physical area, a set of values, or a field of activity. This word is commonly used in both everyday and technical contexts. For example: the range of the mountains「山の範囲」(やまのはんい). The temperature range is wide「温度の範囲は広い」(おんどのはんいはひろい). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'the range of his knowledge is impressive'「彼の知識の範囲はすごい」(かれのちしきのはんいはすごい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1146

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Site

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'サイト (サイト)' primarily means 'site'. It is often used to refer to websites or locations. For example: I found a good site「いいサイトを見つけた」(いいサイトをみつけた). This site is useful「このサイトは便利だ」(このサイトはべんりだ). The word can also refer to physical locations, though this usage is less common. For example: the construction site「建設現場」(けんせつげんば). Note that 'サイト' is a loanword from English, and its usage is mostly limited to modern contexts, particularly in relation to the internet.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1147

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Announcement

Reading

Kanji

発Departure 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '発表 (はっぴょう)' means 'announcement' or 'presentation'. It refers to the act of making something known publicly, often in a formal or official setting. This word is commonly used in academic, business, and media contexts. For example: The company made an announcement about the new product「会社は新製品について発表した」(かいしゃはしんせいひんについてはっぴょうした). I will give a presentation at the conference「私は会議で発表します」(わたしはかいぎではっぴょうします). The teacher announced the test results「先生はテストの結果を発表した」(せんせいはテストのけっかではっぴょうした). Note that '発表' can also imply a sense of responsibility or formality, as it often involves sharing information that others are waiting to hear.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1148

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Expression

Reading

Kanji

表Surface, Express 現Appear, Current

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '表現 (ひょうげん)' means 'expression'. It refers to the act of conveying thoughts, feelings, or ideas through words, art, gestures, or other forms of communication. It is commonly used in contexts related to language, art, and emotions. For example: Her expression in the painting is beautiful「彼女の絵の中の表現は美しい」(かのじょのえのなかのひょうげんはうつくしい). I struggled to find the right words to express my feelings「気持ちを表現する適切な言葉を見つけるのに苦労した」(きもちをひょうげんするてきせつなことばをみつけるのにくろうした). Note that '表現' can also refer to artistic or creative expression, as well as linguistic expression.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1149

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Disorder

Reading

Kanji

症Symptom

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '症 (しょう)' is used to denote a medical condition, disorder, or syndrome. It is commonly attached to words to specify a particular ailment or health issue. For example: anxiety disorder「不安症」(ふあんしょう). This suffix is often used in medical contexts and can be found in terms describing both physical and psychological conditions. Another example: obsessive-compulsive disorder「強迫症」(きょうはくしょう). It's important to note that '症' is not used alone but as part of a compound word to describe specific disorders.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1150

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Representation, Delegate

Reading

Kanji

代Substitute, Era 表Surface, Express

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '代表 (だいひょう)' can mean 'representation' or 'delegate'. As 'representation', it refers to the act of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something. As 'delegate', it refers to a person chosen or appointed to represent others. Example sentences: He is the representative of our company「彼は私たちの会社の代表です」(かれはわたしたちのかいしゃのだいひょうです). This painting is a representation of peace「この絵は平和の代表です」(このえはへいわのだいひょうです). The nuance here is that '代表' can refer to both the concept of representation and the person who represents, depending on context.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1151

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Kind

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '優しい (やさしい)' primarily means 'kind'. It is used to describe someone who is gentle, caring, or considerate towards others. This word can also imply a sense of softness or tenderness in character. For example: she is kind「彼女は優しい」(かのじょはやさしい). He spoke in a kind voice「彼は優しい声で話した」(かれはやさしいこえではなした). While '優しい' can sometimes be used to describe something that is easy to do or understand, this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to avoid confusion with the primary meaning of kindness.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1152

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Age

Reading

Kanji

年Year 齢Age

Explanation

The Japanese noun '年齢 (ねんれい)' means 'age'. It refers to the number of years a person or thing has existed. This word is commonly used in formal contexts, such as when filling out forms or discussing demographics. For example: What is your age?「あなたの年齢は何歳ですか？」(あなたのねんれいはなんさいですか？). The legal drinking age is 20「飲酒の法定年齢は20歳です」(いんしゅのほうていねんれいははたちです). Note that '年齢' is more formal than '歳 (さい)', which is also used to express age but in a more casual manner.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1153

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

I, We

Reading

Kanji

我Self, Ego

Explanation

The Japanese pronoun '我 (われ)' is a formal or literary way to refer to oneself or a group. It can mean 'I' or 'we' depending on the context. This pronoun is often used in written language, speeches, or formal settings, and it carries a somewhat archaic or solemn tone. It is less commonly used in everyday conversation, where '私 (わたし)' or '僕 (ぼく)' are more typical for 'I', and '私たち (わたしたち)' for 'we'. Example sentences: I will never forget this「我はこれを忘れない」(われはこれをわすれない). We must protect our homeland「我らは祖国を守らねばならない」(われらはそこくをまもらねばならない). Note that '我' can also appear in compound words like '我々 (われわれ)', which explicitly means 'we'.

Part Of Speech

pronoun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1154

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Just now

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'さっき' refers to an event or action that occurred a short time ago, typically within the recent past, often translated as 'just now' or 'a little while ago'. It is commonly used in casual conversation to refer to something that happened not long before the current moment. For example: I just saw him「さっき彼を見た」(さっきかれをみた). I ate lunch a little while ago「さっき昼ご飯を食べた」(さっきひるごはんをたべた). The nuance of 'さっき' implies that the event is still fresh in the speaker's memory and relevant to the current conversation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

1155

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Case

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ケース (keesu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'case'. It is commonly used to refer to a container, a situation, or an instance. For example: This is a special case「これは特別なケースです」(これはとくべつなケースです). I need a case for my glasses「メガネのケースが必要です」(メガネのケースがひつようです). The word can also be used in legal or medical contexts to refer to a specific instance or situation, such as 'a legal case' or 'a medical case'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1156

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sense, Sensation

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation 覚Remember, Awake

Explanation

The Japanese noun '感覚 (かんかく)' refers to the physical or mental perception of stimuli, often translated as 'sensation' or 'sense'. It can describe the physical senses (touch, taste, smell, etc.) or a more abstract sense of understanding or intuition. For example: I lost sensation in my hand「手の感覚がなくなった」(てのかんかくがなくなった). He has a good sense of direction「彼は方向感覚が優れている」(かれはほうこうかんかくがすぐれている). The word is also used in contexts like 'a sense of beauty' (美の感覚, びのかんかく) or 'a sense of danger' (危険の感覚, きけんのかんかく).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1157

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Religion

Reading

Kanji

教Teach

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '教 (きょう)' means 'religion' or 'teaching'. It is commonly used as a suffix to denote a specific religion or system of belief. For example: Christianity「キリスト教」(きりすときょう), Buddhism「仏教」(ぶっきょう), or Confucianism「儒教」(じゅきょう). This suffix is attached to the name or root of the religion to form the word. It is important to note that '教' can also appear in other contexts, such as '教育 (きょういく)' meaning 'education', but as a standalone suffix, it primarily refers to religious teachings or systems.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1158

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finger

Reading

Kanji

指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese noun '指 (ゆび)' refers to a 'finger'. It is used to describe the digits on a hand, and can also refer to toes in certain contexts, though '足の指 (あしのゆび)' is more specific for toes. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be found in various expressions. For example: my finger hurts「指が痛い」(ゆびがいたい). She pointed with her finger「彼女は指で指した」(かのじょはゆびでさした). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in '指を差す (ゆびをさす)', which means 'to point at' or 'to accuse'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1159

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Group

Reading

Kanji

団Group, Association 体Body

Explanation

The Japanese noun '団体 (だんたい)' refers to a 'group' or 'organization', typically a formal or organized one. It is often used to describe entities such as corporations, associations, or clubs. For example: a sports organization「スポーツ団体」(スポーツだんたい). The group held a meeting「その団体は会議を開いた」(そのだんたいはかいぎをひらいた). This word emphasizes the collective nature of the group, often implying a structured or official entity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1160

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

World, Society

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '世 (よ)' primarily means 'world' or 'society'. It refers to the physical world, human society, or the realm of existence. It is often used in a broad sense to describe the environment or era in which people live. For example: the world is vast「世は広い」(よはひろい). He is well-known in society「彼は世に知られている」(かれはよにしられている). The word can also imply the passage of time or an era, as in 'この世 (このよ) (this world)' or '来世 (らいせ) (the next world)'. It is a versatile term used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1161

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Left

Reading

Kanji

左Left

Explanation

The Japanese noun '左 (ひだり)' means 'left'. It refers to the direction or side that is opposite of right. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts to indicate direction, position, or orientation. For example: turn left「左に曲がってください」(ひだりにまがってください). The book is on the left「本は左にあります」(ほんはひだりにあります). It can also be used in compound words, such as '左手 (ひだりて)' meaning 'left hand'. Note that '左' is often used in contrast with '右 (みぎ)' meaning 'right'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1162

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Modern

Reading

Kanji

近Near 代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '近代 (きんだい)' refers to the 'modern' era or period, typically in the context of history or society. It often denotes the period from the late 19th century to the mid-20th century, characterized by industrialization, modernization, and significant cultural and political changes. For example: Japan modernized during the Meiji era「日本は明治時代に近代化した」(にほんはめいじじだいできんだいかした). Modern architecture is fascinating「近代建築は魅力的だ」(きんだいけんちくはみりょくてきだ). The word is commonly used in historical, cultural, and academic discussions to describe the transition from traditional to contemporary society.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1163

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Singer

Reading

Kanji

歌Song 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese noun '歌手 (かしゅ)' means 'singer'. This term is used to refer to a person who sings professionally or as a hobby. It is commonly used in contexts related to music, performances, and entertainment. For example: She is a famous singer「彼女は有名な歌手です」(かのじょはゆうめいなかしゅです). I want to become a singer「歌手になりたい」(かしゅになりたい). The word can be used to describe singers in various genres, such as pop, classical, or jazz.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1164

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Want

Reading

Kanji

欲Desire, Longing

Explanation

The Japanese verb '欲しがる (ほしがる)' means 'to want' or 'to desire'. It is used to describe someone else's desire or want, often observed from an external perspective. This verb is typically used in the third person, as it implies that the speaker is observing or reporting on someone else's desire. For example: The child wants candy「子供がお菓子を欲しがっている」(こどもがおかしをほしがっている). She seems to want that bag「彼女はそのバッグを欲しがっているみたい」(かのじょはそのバッグをほしがっているみたい). Note that '欲しがる' is different from '欲しい (ほしい)', which is used to express one's own desire directly.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1165

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plan

Reading

Kanji

計Measure, Plan 画Picture

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '計画 (けいかく)' means 'plan'. It refers to a detailed proposal for doing or achieving something, often involving a series of steps or actions. This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts to describe strategies, projects, or schedules. For example: I made a plan for the trip「旅行の計画を立てた」(りょこうのけいかくをたてた). The company is working on a new business plan「会社は新しい事業計画を進めている」(かいしゃはあたらしいじぎょうけいかくをすすめている). The nuance of '計画' often implies a structured and deliberate approach to achieving a goal.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1166

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Uncle

Reading

Kanji

伯Chief, Older sibling of parent 父Father

Explanation

The Japanese noun '伯父 (おじ)' refers to an uncle, specifically one's father's older brother. It is used to denote a familial relationship and is part of the Japanese kinship terminology. The term is distinct from '叔父 (おじ)', which refers to one's father's younger brother. Example sentences include: My uncle is coming over「伯父が来ます」(おじがきます). I visited my uncle's house「伯父の家を訪ねました」(おじのいえをたずねました). The term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to refer to this specific family member.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1167

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Korea

Reading

Kanji

韓Korea 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese proper noun '韓国 (かんこく)' refers to 'Korea', specifically South Korea. It is used to denote the country, its culture, people, or anything related to it. For example: I want to visit Korea「韓国に行きたい」(かんこくにいきたい). Korean food is delicious「韓国料理は美味しい」(かんこくりょうりはおいしい). The term is commonly used in everyday conversation and media when discussing South Korea. Note that '韓国' specifically refers to South Korea, while North Korea is referred to as '北朝鮮 (きたちょうせん)'.

Part Of Speech

proper noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1168

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Substitute

Reading

Kanji

代Substitute, Era

Explanation

The Japanese noun '代わり (かわり)' means 'substitute' or 'replacement'. It refers to something or someone that takes the place of another. This word is often used in contexts where one thing is exchanged for another, such as in a trade or a replacement. For example: I will go in your place「私があなたの代わりに行きます」(わたしがあなたのかわりにいきます). This can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when one action or event compensates for another. For example: The food was bad, but the service made up for it「料理はまずかったけど、サービスが代わりになった」(りょうりはまずかったけど、サービスがかわりになった).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1169

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nod

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'うなずく' means 'to nod'. It is used to describe the action of moving one's head up and down to indicate agreement, understanding, or acknowledgment. This verb is commonly used in conversations to show that someone is listening or agreeing with what is being said. For example: he nodded in agreement「彼は同意してうなずいた」(かれはどういしてうなずいた). She nodded to show she understood「彼女は理解したと示すためにうなずいた」(かのじょはりかいしたとしめすためにうなずいた). The verb can also be used in more formal or serious contexts, such as nodding in respect or solemn acknowledgment.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

1170

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Citizen

Reading

Kanji

市City, Market 民People, Nation

Explanation

The Japanese noun '市民 (しみん)' means 'citizen'. It refers to a person who is a member of a particular city, town, or country, and who has rights and responsibilities within that community. This term is often used in contexts related to civic duties, local governance, and community involvement. For example: The citizens of this city are very active「この街の市民はとても活発です」(このまちのしみんはとてもかっぱつです). She is a proud citizen of Tokyo「彼女は東京の誇り高い市民です」(かのじょはとうきょうのほこりたかいしみんです). The word can also be used in broader contexts to refer to people who are part of a larger society or community, emphasizing their role and participation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1171

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Kanji

医Doctor 師Master, Expert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '医師 (いし)' refers to a medical doctor, specifically someone who is licensed to practice medicine. This term is formal and is often used in professional or official contexts. It is distinct from more casual terms like 'お医者さん (おいしゃさん)', which is also used to refer to a doctor but in a more conversational or friendly tone. Example sentences: The doctor examined the patient「医師は患者を診察した」(いしはかんじゃをしんさつした). She became a doctor「彼女は医師になった」(かのじょはいしになった). Note that '医師' is typically used in written or formal speech, while 'お医者さん' is more common in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1172

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Creation

Reading

Kanji

作Make 成Become

Explanation

The Japanese noun '作成 (さくせい)' refers to the act of creating, preparing, or producing something, often in a formal or systematic manner. It is commonly used in contexts such as document preparation, data compilation, or the creation of materials. For example: the creation of a report「レポートの作成」(れぽーとのさくせい). She is preparing the presentation materials「彼女はプレゼンテーション資料を作成している」(かのじょはぷれぜんてーしょんしりょうをさくせいしている). This word is often used in professional or technical settings to describe the process of making something with care and precision.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1173

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass

Reading

Kanji

通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verb '通る (とおる)' primarily means 'to pass' or 'to go through'. It is used to describe the action of moving through a space, such as a road, a door, or a tunnel. It can also be used metaphorically to indicate that something has been understood or accepted, such as an idea or a proposal. For example: The car passed through the tunnel「車がトンネルを通った」(くるまがトンネルをとおった). The proposal passed at the meeting「提案が会議で通った」(ていあんがかいぎでとおった). Additionally, '通る' can be used to describe the act of passing by a place without stopping, as in: I passed by the park「公園を通った」(こうえんをとおった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1174

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pure white

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 白White

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ白 (まっしろ)' means 'pure white' or 'completely white'. It is used to describe something that is entirely white, without any blemishes or other colors. This term emphasizes the intensity or purity of the whiteness. For example: The snow is pure white「雪が真っ白だ」(ゆきがまっしろだ). Her dress is completely white「彼女のドレスは真っ白です」(かのじょのドレスはまっしろです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something as being clean or untainted, such as a pure heart or a blank slate.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1175

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crime, Sin

Reading

Kanji

罪Sin, Guilt

Explanation

The Japanese noun '罪 (つみ)' can mean both 'sin' and 'crime', depending on the context. When referring to 'sin', it often carries a moral or religious connotation, such as an act against divine or ethical laws. For example: he confessed his sin「彼は自分の罪を告白した」(かれはじぶんのつみをこくはくした). When referring to 'crime', it denotes an act punishable by law. For example: committing a crime is wrong「罪を犯すのは間違っている」(つみをおかすのはまちがっている). The word is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts, but its nuance depends heavily on the situation.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1176

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teacher

Reading

Kanji

教Teach 師Master, Expert

Explanation

The Japanese noun '教師 (きょうし)' means 'teacher'. It refers to someone who teaches professionally, typically in schools or educational institutions. This word is formal and is often used to describe educators in academic settings. For example: The teacher is kind「教師は優しい」(きょうしはやさしい). I want to become a teacher「教師になりたい」(きょうしになりたい). Note that '教師' is more formal than other words like '先生 (せんせい)', which is also used to mean 'teacher' but can be used more broadly to address professionals like doctors or mentors.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1177

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitch dark

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 暗Darkness

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ暗 (まっくら)' means 'pitch-dark'. It is used to describe a state of complete darkness, where no light is visible. This word can be used to describe physical spaces, such as rooms or outdoor areas, as well as metaphorical situations, like a hopeless or unclear future. For example: the room is pitch-dark「部屋は真っ暗だ」(へやはまっくらだ). The night was pitch-dark「夜は真っ暗だった」(よるはまっくらだった). The word '真っ暗' often conveys a sense of intensity or extremity in the darkness, emphasizing the absence of light.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1178

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Goal

Reading

Kanji

目Eye 標Signpost, Mark

Explanation

The Japanese noun '目標 (もくひょう)' means 'goal'. It refers to an objective or target that someone aims to achieve. This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts, such as setting life goals, career targets, or project milestones. For example: my goal is to become fluent in Japanese「私の目標は日本語が流暢になることです」(わたしのもくひょうはにほんごがりゅうちょうになることです). The team set a new goal「チームは新しい目標を設定しました」(チームはあたらしいもくひょうをせっていしました). The word can also imply a sense of direction or purpose, as in '人生の目標 (じんせいのもくひょう) (life goal)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1179

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Transport, Carry

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune

Explanation

The Japanese verb '運ぶ (はこぶ)' primarily means 'to carry' or 'to transport'. It is used to describe the action of moving objects or items from one place to another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: I will carry the box「箱を運びます」(はこをはこびます). The truck transports goods「トラックが荷物を運ぶ」(トラックがにもつをはこぶ). In a figurative sense, it can also mean to progress or move forward, as in 'The meeting is progressing smoothly'「会議が順調に運んでいる」(かいぎがじゅんちょうにはこんでいる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1180

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pitch black

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 黒Black

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ黒 (まっくろ)' means 'pitch black' or 'completely black'. It is used to describe something that is entirely black in color, often emphasizing the depth or intensity of the blackness. This word can be used to describe objects, surfaces, or even situations metaphorically. For example: The sky is pitch black「空が真っ黒だ」(そらがまっくろだ). His hands were completely black from the soot「彼の手はすすで真っ黒だった」(かれのてはすすでまっくろだった). Note that '真っ黒' often carries a stronger emphasis than just '黒い (くろい)' (black).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1181

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pale, Deep blue

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 青Blue

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '真っ青 (まっさお)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'deep blue', referring to a vivid, intense shade of blue, often used to describe the color of the sky or the sea. For example: The sea is deep blue today「今日の海は真っ青だ」(きょうのうみはまっさおだ). The second meaning is 'pale', used to describe someone's complexion when they are shocked, scared, or unwell. For example: His face turned pale「彼の顔は真っ青になった」(かれのかおはまっさおになった). These two meanings are unrelated and context-dependent, so it's important to pay attention to the situation in which the word is used.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1182

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Model

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'モデル (もでる)' means 'model'. This word is used to refer to a person who poses for photographs, fashion, or art, as well as a representation or prototype of something, such as a model car or a scientific model. For example: She is a famous model「彼女は有名なモデルです」(かのじょはゆうめいなもでるです). This is a model of the new car「これは新しい車のモデルです」(これはあたらしいくるまのもでるです). The word is borrowed from English and is commonly used in both professional and casual contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1183

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Various

Reading

Kanji

色Color

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '色々 (いろいろ)' means 'various' or 'a variety of'. It is used to describe a range of different things or situations. This word is often used to indicate diversity or multiplicity. For example: There are various kinds of flowers「色々な花があります」(いろいろなはながあります). I have various hobbies「私は色々な趣味があります」(わたしはいろいろなしゅみがあります). It can also be used to express that someone has tried many different things, as in 'I've tried various methods「色々な方法を試しました」(いろいろなほうほうをためしました)'. The word is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1184

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Literature

Reading

Kanji

文Sentence 学Learn

Explanation

The Japanese noun '文学 (ぶんがく)' means 'literature'. It refers to written works, especially those considered to have artistic or intellectual value. This term encompasses novels, poetry, essays, and other forms of written expression. For example: I study Japanese literature「私は日本文学を勉強しています」(わたしはにほんぶんがくをべんきょうしています). Modern literature is fascinating「現代文学は魅力的です」(げんだいぶんがくはみりょくてきです). The word is often used in academic or cultural contexts to discuss literary works or movements.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1185

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accompany

Reading

Kanji

伴Accompany, Companion

Explanation

The Japanese verb '伴う (ともなう)' primarily means 'to accompany' or 'to go along with'. It is often used to describe situations where one thing naturally follows or is associated with another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: success often accompanies hard work「成功はしばしば努力を伴う」(せいこうはしばしばどりょくをともなう). The storm was accompanied by strong winds「嵐は強い風を伴っていた」(あらしはつよいかぜをともなっていた). It's important to note that '伴う' can also imply a sense of inevitability or necessity in the relationship between the two things being described.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1186

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Spread

Reading

Kanji

広Wide

Explanation

The Japanese verb '広がる (ひろがる)' means 'to spread' or 'to expand'. It is used to describe something that extends over a larger area or becomes more widespread. This can refer to physical expansion, such as a stain spreading on fabric, or abstract concepts like rumors or influence spreading. For example: The news spread quickly「ニュースがすぐに広がった」(ニュースがすぐにひろがった). The view spread out before us「目の前に景色が広がった」(めのまえにけしきがひろがった). It can also imply the idea of something unfolding or opening up, such as a flower blooming or opportunities becoming available.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1187

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Amount

Reading

Kanji

金Gold 額Amount, Forehead

Explanation

The Japanese noun '金額 (きんがく)' refers to the 'amount' of money, specifically the sum or total of a monetary value. It is commonly used in contexts involving transactions, payments, or financial discussions. For example: The total amount is 10,000 yen「金額は1万円です」(きんがくはいちまんえんです). Please check the amount on the receipt「領収書の金額を確認してください」(りょうしゅうしょのきんがくをかくにんしてください). This word is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1188

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Originally

Reading

Kanji

元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '元々 (もともと)' means 'originally' or 'from the start'. It is used to indicate that something has been a certain way since the beginning or to emphasize the inherent nature of something. This word is often used to clarify that a situation or condition is not new but has always existed. For example: I was originally from Kyoto「元々京都出身です」(もともときょうとしゅっしんです). This place was originally a park「元々ここは公園でした」(もともとここはこうえんでした). The word can also imply that something is natural or expected, as in '元々彼は優しい人です (もともとかれはやさしいひとです) (He was originally a kind person).'

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1189

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fish

Reading

Kanji

魚Fish

Explanation

The Japanese noun '魚 (さかな)' means 'fish'. This word refers to the aquatic animal, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation, cooking, and biology. It can refer to fish in general or specific types of fish, depending on the context. For example: I like fish「魚が好きです」(さかながすきです). This fish is delicious「この魚は美味しい」(このさかなはおいしい). When used in compound words, it often retains its meaning, such as in '魚市場 (さかないちば)' (fish market). Note that '魚' can also be read as 'うお' in certain contexts, but 'さかな' is the more common reading in modern Japanese.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1190

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Chatting, Talkative

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'おしゃべり (おしゃべり)' has two primary meanings. First, it refers to the act of chatting or casual conversation. For example: we were chatting about the weather「私たちは天気についておしゃべりしていた」(わたしたちはてんきについておしゃべりしていた). Second, it can describe someone who is talkative or chatty. For example: she is very talkative「彼女はとてもおしゃべりだ」(かのじょはとてもおしゃべりだ). The word often carries a lighthearted or informal tone and is commonly used in everyday conversation. It can also imply excessive talking in certain contexts, depending on the nuance.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

1191

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Difference

Reading

Kanji

差Difference

Explanation

The Japanese noun '差 (さ)' primarily means 'difference'. It refers to the distinction or gap between two or more things, whether in quantity, quality, or degree. This word is often used in contexts where comparison is involved. For example: there is a big difference between them「彼らの間には大きな差がある」(かれらのあいだにはおおきなさがある). The temperature difference is significant「温度の差が大きい」(おんどのさがおおきい). Additionally, '差' can also be used in mathematical contexts to denote the result of subtraction, as in 'the difference between 10 and 6 is 4'「10と6の差は4です」(じゅうとろくのさはよんです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1192

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Accompany, Date

Reading

Kanji

付Attach 合Fit, Match

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付き合う (つきあう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to accompany' or 'to go along with someone', often used when someone joins another person in an activity or event. For example: I will accompany you to the station「駅まで付き合います」(えきまでつきあいます). The second meaning is 'to date' or 'to be in a romantic relationship'. For example: They have been dating for two years「彼らは2年間付き合っています」(かれらはにねんかんつきあっています). The verb can also imply spending time together in a social or supportive context, such as helping someone with a task. For example: I will help you with your work「仕事に付き合います」(しごとにつきあいます).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1193

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Straight

Reading

Kanji

真Truth 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '真っ直ぐ (まっすぐ)' means 'straight'. It is used to describe something that is direct, without curves or bends, or to describe someone acting honestly or straightforwardly. For example: go straight「真っ直ぐ行ってください」(まっすぐいってください). He is a straightforward person「彼は真っ直ぐな人です」(かれはまっすぐなひとです). This word can also imply moral uprightness or sincerity in behavior.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1194

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cry

Reading

Kanji

泣Weep, Cry

Explanation

The Japanese verb '泣く (なく)' means 'to cry'. It is used to describe the act of shedding tears, often due to sadness, pain, or overwhelming emotion. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as crying because of a sad movie, a personal loss, or even tears of joy. For example: The child cried loudly「子供は大声で泣いた」(こどもはおおごえでないた). She cried when she heard the news「彼女はその知らせを聞いて泣いた」(かのじょはそのしらせをきいてないた). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something that evokes a strong emotional response, such as a touching story.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1195

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soft, Software

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ソフト (sofuto)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'software', referring to programs and operating information used by computers. For example: I bought new software「新しいソフトを買いました」(あたらしいソフトをかいました). The second meaning is 'soft', often used to describe something that is gentle, smooth, or not hard. For example: This bread is soft「このパンはソフトです」(このパンはソフトです). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. In technology-related discussions, 'ソフト' typically refers to software, while in everyday conversation, it might refer to something soft in texture or feel.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

1196

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Advance, Proceed

Reading

Kanji

進Advance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '進める (すすめる)' primarily means 'to advance' or 'to proceed'. It is used to describe moving something forward, whether physically, in a process, or in a discussion. For example: let's proceed with the plan「計画を進めましょう」(けいかくをすすめましょう). He advanced the project「彼はプロジェクトを進めた」(かれはプロジェクトをすすめた). This verb can also be used in contexts like advancing a piece in a game or progressing in a task. Note that it is transitive, meaning it requires a direct object to indicate what is being advanced or proceeded with.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1197

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Assets

Reading

Kanji

資Capital, Resources 産Give birth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '資産 (しさん)' refers to 'assets' in the sense of valuable resources or property owned by an individual, company, or organization. It is commonly used in financial, business, and legal contexts to describe things like money, real estate, investments, or other valuables. For example: He has a lot of assets「彼は多くの資産を持っている」(かれはおおくのしさんをもっている). The company's assets increased「会社の資産が増えた」(かいしゃのしさんがふえた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe non-material assets, such as skills or knowledge, though this is less common.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1198

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Square

Reading

Kanji

四Four 角Corner, Angle

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '四角い (しかくい)' means 'square'. It is used to describe objects or shapes that have four equal sides and four right angles, resembling a square. This word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is rigid or inflexible in nature. For example: This table is square「このテーブルは四角い」(このテーブルはしかくい). His way of thinking is too square「彼の考え方は四角すぎる」(かれのかんがえかたはしかくすぎる). Note that '四角い' is often used to describe physical shapes, but it can also be applied to abstract concepts to imply a lack of flexibility.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1199

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Intersection

Reading

Kanji

四Four 角Corner, Angle

Explanation

The Japanese noun '四つ角 (よつかど)' refers to an intersection where two roads or streets cross each other, typically forming a four-way crossing. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when giving directions or describing locations. For example: Turn right at the intersection「四つ角を右に曲がってください」(よつかどをみぎにまがってください). The store is at the intersection「その店は四つ角にあります」(そのみせはよつかどにあります). The word emphasizes the four-cornered nature of the crossing, making it distinct from other types of intersections.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

1200

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting