Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Frequency of Use

word

Meaning

Alighting

Reading

Kanji

下Down 車Car

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '下車 (げしゃ)' means 'alighting' or 'getting off' a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or car. It is commonly used in transportation contexts, particularly in announcements or signs. For example: Please get off at the next station「次の駅で下車してください」(つぎのえきでげしゃしてください). This term is often paired with '乗車 (じょうしゃ)' (boarding) to describe the complete process of getting on and off a vehicle. Another example: Alighting is prohibited here「ここでは下車禁止です」(ここではげしゃきんしです).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2501

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Daytime

Reading

Kanji

昼Daytime, Noon

Explanation

The Japanese noun '昼 (ひる)' refers to the period of the day when the sun is up, typically from morning until evening. It is often used to describe the time around noon or the afternoon. For example: I will go shopping during the daytime「昼に買い物に行きます」(ひるにかいものにいきます). Let's have lunch at noon「昼に昼ごはんを食べましょう」(ひるにひるごはんをたべましょう). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '昼休み (ひるやすみ)' which means 'lunch break' or 'midday break'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2502

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Leeway

Reading

Kanji

余Excess 裕Abundant

Explanation

The Japanese noun '余裕 (よゆう)' primarily means 'leeway' or 'margin'. It refers to having extra time, space, or resources beyond what is strictly necessary. This word is often used to describe a state of having enough capacity to handle something comfortably, or to indicate a relaxed attitude due to having ample resources. For example: There is enough leeway in the schedule「スケジュールに余裕がある」(スケジュールによゆうがある). He has the leeway to take on another project「彼は別のプロジェクトを引き受ける余裕がある」(かれはべつのプロジェクトをひきうけるよゆうがある). Additionally, '余裕' can imply a sense of composure or calmness, as in: She answered with composure「彼女は余裕を持って答えた」(かのじょはよゆうをもってこたえた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2503

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Smile

Reading

Kanji

笑Laugh 顔Face

Explanation

The Japanese noun '笑顔 (えがお)' means 'smile'. It specifically refers to a smiling face or expression, often conveying happiness, friendliness, or warmth. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe someone's cheerful or kind demeanor. For example: Her smile is beautiful「彼女の笑顔は美しい」(かのじょのえがおはうつくしい). I want to see your smile「あなたの笑顔が見たいです」(あなたのえがおがみたいです). The word '笑顔' is often associated with positive emotions and is frequently used in expressions of encouragement or gratitude.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2504

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 元Origin

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地元 (じもと)' refers to one's hometown or local area. It is commonly used to describe the place where someone was born, raised, or currently resides. This word carries a sense of familiarity and belonging. For example: I went back to my hometown「地元に帰りました」(じもとにかえりました). The local festival is fun「地元のお祭りは楽しい」(じもとのおまつりはたのしい). It can also refer to a local community or area in a broader sense, such as supporting local businesses「地元の店を応援する」(じもとのみせをおうえんする).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2505

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Insect

Reading

Kanji

虫Insect

Explanation

The Japanese noun '虫 (むし)' primarily means 'insect'. It refers to small creatures like bugs, beetles, or worms. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe a gut feeling or intuition, as in '虫の知らせ (むしのしらせ)' (a premonition). Example sentences: There is an insect on the leaf「葉っぱに虫がいる」(はっぱにむしがいる). I have a bad feeling about this「虫の知らせで嫌な予感がする」(むしのしらせでいやなよかんがする). Note that '虫' is often used in compound words, such as '蝶々 (ちょうちょう)' (butterfly) or '蜂 (はち)' (bee).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2506

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Traffic, Transportation

Reading

Kanji

交Mix 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '交通 (こうつう)' primarily refers to 'traffic' or 'transportation'. It is used to describe the movement of vehicles, people, or goods from one place to another. This term is often used in contexts related to roads, public transport, and commuting. For example: The traffic is heavy today「今日は交通が混んでいる」(きょうはこうつうがこんでいる). Public transportation is convenient in this city「この街では交通が便利だ」(このまちではこうつうがべんりだ). The word can also be used in compound terms like '交通事故 (こうつうじこ)' (traffic accident) or '交通機関 (こうつうきかん)' (transportation system).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2507

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Avenue

Reading

Kanji

大Big 通Commute, Pass

Explanation

The Japanese noun '大通り (おおどおり)' refers to a main street or avenue, typically a wide and busy road in a city or town. It is commonly used to describe major thoroughfares that are central to transportation and commerce. For example: Let's meet at the main avenue「大通りで会いましょう」(おおどおりであいましょう). The main avenue is crowded with people「大通りは人でいっぱいです」(おおどおりはひとでいっぱいです). This term emphasizes the size and importance of the road, distinguishing it from smaller streets or alleys.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2508

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Worst

Reading

Kanji

最Most 低Low

Explanation

The Japanese noun '最低 (さいてい)' means 'worst' or 'lowest'. It is used to describe something that is of the lowest quality, standard, or moral level. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a terrible experience, a poor performance, or someone's behavior. For example: That movie was the worst「あの映画は最低だった」(あのえいがはさいていだった). His attitude is the worst「彼の態度は最低だ」(かれのたいどはさいていだ). It can also be used to express strong disapproval or disappointment, as in '最低な人 (さいていなひと) (the worst person)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2509

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Calligraphy

Reading

Kanji

書Write 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書道 (しょどう)' refers to the art of calligraphy, which is the practice of writing characters with a brush and ink in a stylized and artistic manner. This traditional art form is highly respected in Japan and is often practiced as a form of meditation and self-discipline. Example sentences: I practice calligraphy every day「私は毎日書道を練習します」(わたしはまいにちしょどうをれんしゅうします). Calligraphy is a beautiful art「書道は美しい芸術です」(しょどうはうつくしいげいじゅつです). The teacher is skilled in calligraphy「先生は書道が上手です」(せんせいはしょどうがじょうずです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2510

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Immediately after

Reading

Kanji

直Straight, Repair 後After, Behind

Explanation

The Japanese noun '直後 (ちょくご)' means 'immediately after.' It refers to the period right after an event or action has occurred. This word is often used to describe the timing of an event in relation to another. Example: Immediately after the earthquake, there was a tsunami 「地震の直後、津波が来た」 (じしんのちょくご、つなみがきた). He called me immediately after the meeting 「会議の直後に彼は私に電話をかけた」 (かいぎのちょくごにかれはわたしにでんわをかけた). '直後' is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to indicate the immediate sequence of events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2511

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Desk

Reading

Kanji

机Desk, Table

Explanation

The Japanese noun '机 (つくえ)' means 'desk'. It refers to a piece of furniture with a flat surface, typically used for writing, reading, or working. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as in homes, schools, or offices. For example: There is a desk in my room「私の部屋に机があります」(わたしのへやにつくえがあります). I study at my desk「机で勉強します」(つくえでべんきょうします). The word '机' is often paired with other words to specify the type of desk, such as '学習机 (がくしゅうづくえ)' (study desk) or 'オフィス机 (オフィスづくえ)' (office desk).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2512

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Crossroads

Reading

Kanji

十Ten 字Character 路Path

Explanation

The Japanese noun '十字路 (じゅうじろ)' refers to a 'crossroads' or an intersection where two roads cross each other, typically forming a cross shape. This word is often used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. In a literal sense, it describes a physical intersection, while metaphorically, it can signify a point of decision or a critical juncture in life. Example sentences include: At the crossroads, turn left「十字路で左に曲がってください」(じゅうじろでひだりにまがってください). Life is full of crossroads「人生には十字路がたくさんある」(じんせいにはじゅうじろがたくさんある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2513

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Vacant lot

Reading

Kanji

空Sky, Empty 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '空き地 (あきち)' refers to a 'vacant lot' or 'empty land'. This term is used to describe a piece of land that is not currently being used or developed. It can be found in urban or rural areas and may be overgrown or maintained, depending on the situation. For example: There is a vacant lot near the station「駅の近くに空き地がある」(えきのちかくにあきちがある). Children are playing in the vacant lot「子供たちが空き地で遊んでいる」(こどもたちがあきちであそんでいる). The word is often used in discussions about urban planning, real estate, or simply to describe an unused space in a neighborhood.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2514

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Love

Reading

Kanji

恋Love, Romance

Explanation

The Japanese noun '恋 (こい)' refers to romantic love or being in love. It specifically describes the deep emotional attachment or affection one feels towards another person, often with a focus on the passionate or longing aspects of love. This term is commonly used in contexts involving romantic relationships, crushes, or unrequited love. For example: I am in love with her「彼女に恋をしている」(かのじょにこいをしている). This is a love song「これは恋の歌です」(これはこいのうたです). Note that '恋' is distinct from other types of love, such as familial love (愛, あい), and often carries a sense of yearning or desire.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2515

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hot

Reading

Kanji

熱Heat, Temperature

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '熱い (あつい)' primarily means 'hot' in the sense of temperature. It is used to describe objects, liquids, or environments that have a high temperature. For example: The tea is hot「お茶が熱い」(おちゃがあつい). The stove is hot「ストーブが熱い」(ストーブがあつい). Additionally, '熱い' can also describe intense emotions or passion, such as in '熱い心 (あついこころ)' meaning 'a passionate heart'. However, this emotional usage is less common and typically context-dependent. When referring to weather, '暑い (あつい)' is used instead, which is a different word despite the identical pronunciation.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2516

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Finally

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adverb 'いよいよ (いよいよ)' is used to indicate that something is about to happen or has reached a critical point. It often conveys a sense of anticipation, inevitability, or culmination. For example: The festival is finally starting「いよいよ祭りが始まる」(いよいよまつりがはじまる). It can also imply that something is becoming more intense or serious, as in: The situation is getting worse「いよいよ状況が悪化している」(いよいよじょうきょうがあっかしている). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to emphasize the progression or climax of an event or situation.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Frequency

2517

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Samurai

Reading

Kanji

武Military 士Samurai

Explanation

The Japanese noun '武士 (ぶし)' refers to a 'samurai', a member of the warrior class in feudal Japan. Samurai were known for their strict adherence to the code of bushido, which emphasized honor, discipline, and loyalty. They were skilled in martial arts and often served as retainers to daimyo (feudal lords). Example sentences: The samurai was very brave「武士はとても勇敢だった」(ぶしはとてもゆうかんだった). The samurai carried a sword「武士は刀を持っていた」(ぶしはかたなをもっていた). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who embodies the qualities of a samurai, such as bravery and honor.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2518

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Signal

Reading

Kanji

合Fit, Match 図Map

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '合図 (あいず)' means 'signal'. It refers to a gesture, sound, or action used to communicate a message or instruction. This word is commonly used in situations where non-verbal communication is necessary, such as in sports, traffic, or coordination between people. For example: He gave the signal to start「彼は始める合図をした」(かれははじめるあいずをした). The traffic light is a signal for cars「信号は車のための合図です」(しんごうはくるまのためのあいずです). Note that '合図' can also imply a prearranged sign or cue, often used in collaborative or synchronized activities.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2519

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Dead end

Reading

Kanji

行Go 止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese noun '行き止まり (いきどまり)' refers to a 'dead end', typically a road or path that does not continue further. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation where progress is blocked or no further options are available. For example: This road is a dead end「この道は行き止まりです」(このみちはいきどまりです). We've reached a dead end in our negotiations「交渉は行き止まりに達した」(こうしょうはいきどまりにたっした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2520

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Basics

Reading

Kanji

初Beginning, First 歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese noun '初歩 (しょほ)' refers to the 'basics' or 'rudimentary knowledge' of a subject. It is often used to describe the foundational or introductory level of learning something. For example: I am learning the basics of Japanese「私は日本語の初歩を学んでいます」(わたしはにほんごのしょほをまなんでいます). This book covers the basics of programming「この本はプログラミングの初歩をカバーしています」(このほんはプログラミングのしょほをカバーしています). The term emphasizes the starting point of acquiring knowledge or skills.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2521

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Railway

Reading

Kanji

鉄Iron 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '鉄道 (てつどう)' means 'railway' or 'railroad'. It refers to the system of tracks, trains, and infrastructure used for transporting passengers and goods. This word is commonly used in contexts related to transportation, travel, and infrastructure. For example: The railway is convenient「鉄道は便利です」(てつどうはべんりです). I work for a railway company「私は鉄道会社で働いています」(わたしはてつどうかいしゃではたらいています). The word can also be used in compound terms like '地下鉄道 (ちかてつどう)' (subway/underground railway).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2522

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Photograph

Reading

Kanji

撮Snapshot, Photograph

Explanation

The Japanese verb '撮る (とる)' primarily means 'to photograph' or 'to take a picture'. It is commonly used when referring to capturing images with a camera or smartphone. For example: I will take a picture of the mountain「山の写真を撮る」(やまのしゃしんをとる). She took a photo of her friends「彼女は友達の写真を撮った」(かのじょはともだちのしゃしんをとった). This verb can also be used in contexts like filming or recording, but its most frequent usage is related to photography. Note that '撮る' is often paired with '写真 (しゃしん)' (photo) to specify the action of taking a photo.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2523

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Resonate

Reading

Kanji

響Echo, Reverberate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '響く (ひびく)' means 'to resonate' or 'to reverberate'. It is used to describe sounds that echo or carry over a distance, or to describe something that has a profound impact or influence. For example: the sound of the bell resonates through the valley「鐘の音が谷に響く」(かねのおとがたににひびく). His words resonated deeply with me「彼の言葉が私に深く響いた」(かれのことばがわたしにふかくひびいた). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe how actions or events have a lasting effect or influence on people or situations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2524

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

At once

Reading

Kanji

一One 度Degrees, Times

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '一度に (いちどに)' means 'at once' or 'all at once'. It is used to describe doing something all together or simultaneously, rather than in stages or one by one. This adverb can be used in various contexts, such as completing tasks, consuming items, or experiencing events. For example: I read all the books at once「一度に全部の本を読んだ」(いちどにぜんぶのほんをよんだ). He ate all the cookies at once「彼は一度に全部のクッキーを食べた」(かれはいちどにぜんぶのクッキーをたべた). The adverb emphasizes the idea of doing everything in a single action or moment.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2525

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Excursion

Reading

Kanji

遠Far 足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese noun '遠足 (えんそく)' refers to a school trip or excursion, typically involving students going to a place of interest, such as a park, museum, or historical site. It is often organized by schools as a recreational or educational activity. For example: We went on an excursion to the zoo「私たちは動物園に遠足に行きました」(わたしたちはどうぶつえんにえんそくにいきました). The students enjoyed the excursion to the mountains「生徒たちは山への遠足を楽しみました」(せいとたちはやまへのえんそくをたのしみました). This word is commonly used in the context of school activities and is associated with group outings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2526

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stationmaster

Reading

Kanji

駅Station 長Long, Leader

Explanation

The Japanese noun '駅長 (えきちょう)' refers to the 'stationmaster', the person in charge of managing a train station. This role involves overseeing the station's operations, ensuring the safety and efficiency of train services, and managing staff. For example: The stationmaster is very kind「駅長はとても親切です」(えきちょうはとてもしんせつです). I spoke with the stationmaster about the train schedule「駅長と列車のスケジュールについて話しました」(えきちょうとれっしゃのすけじゅーるについてはなしました). This term is specific to the railway context and is commonly used in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2527

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun 'ストップ (sutoppu)' is a loanword from English, meaning 'stop'. It is commonly used in various contexts to indicate the cessation of an action or movement. For example: Please stop the car「車をストップしてください」(くるまをストップしてください). The train came to a stop「電車がストップしました」(でんしゃがストップしました). This word is often used in both formal and informal settings, and it can be combined with other verbs to form compound expressions, such as 'ストップする (sutoppu suru)' which means 'to stop'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Frequency

2528

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

District

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 区District

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地区 (ちく)' refers to a specific area or district within a larger region, often used in administrative, geographical, or urban planning contexts. It can describe a designated zone, such as a residential district, commercial district, or industrial district. For example: This is a residential district「ここは住宅地区です」(ここはじゅうたくちくです). The industrial district is expanding「工業地区が拡大しています」(こうぎょうちくがかくだいしています). The word is neutral in tone and is commonly used in formal or official settings.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2529

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Verdict

Reading

Kanji

判Judge, Stamp 決Decide

Explanation

The Japanese noun '判決 (はんけつ)' refers to a formal decision or judgment made by a court of law. It is commonly used in legal contexts to describe the outcome of a trial or legal proceeding. For example: The verdict was guilty「判決は有罪だった」(はんけつはゆうざいだった). The court announced its verdict「裁判所は判決を言い渡した」(さいばんしょははんけつをいいわたした). This term is specific to legal judgments and is not used in casual or everyday contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2530

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

All

Reading

Kanji

全Whole, All

Explanation

The Japanese adverb '全て (すべて)' means 'all' or 'everything'. It is used to refer to the entirety of something, whether it be objects, people, or abstract concepts. This word is often used in formal contexts or when emphasizing completeness. For example: I ate all the cake「全てのケーキを食べた」(すべてのケーキをたべた). Everything is ready「全てが準備できた」(すべてがじゅんびできた). It can also be used to express totality in a philosophical or abstract sense, such as 'all of life'「全ての人生」(すべてのじんせい). Note that '全て' is often followed by particles like 'の' or 'が' to connect it to other parts of the sentence.

Part Of Speech

adverb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2531

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Regions

Reading

Kanji

各Each 地Ground

Explanation

The Japanese noun '各地 (かくち)' means 'regions' or 'various places'. It is used to refer to multiple different areas or locations, often within a specific context such as a country or a larger geographical area. This term is commonly used in news reports, travel guides, and discussions about cultural or geographical diversity. For example: The festival is celebrated in various regions「各地で祭りが祝われる」(かくちでまつりがいわわれる). The company has branches in many regions「その会社は各地に支店がある」(そのかいしゃはかくちにしてんがある).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2532

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Shareholder

Reading

Kanji

株Shares, Stocks 主Master

Explanation

The Japanese noun '株主 (かぶぬし)' refers to a 'shareholder', which is a person or entity that owns shares in a corporation or company. This term is commonly used in business and financial contexts. Shareholders typically have certain rights, such as voting on corporate matters and receiving dividends. For example: The shareholders will vote on the new policy「株主は新しい方針について投票します」(かぶぬしはあたらしいほうしんについてとうひょうします). He is a major shareholder in the company「彼はその会社の大株主です」(かれはそのかいしゃのおおかぶぬしです). The term is often used in discussions about corporate governance, investments, and stock markets.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2533

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Both

Reading

Kanji

両Both 方Direction

Explanation

The Japanese noun '両方 (りょうほう)' means 'both'. It is used to refer to two items, options, or sides collectively. This word is often used when emphasizing that two things are included or considered together. For example: I like both「両方が好きです」(りょうほうがすきです). Both options are good「両方の選択肢が良いです」(りょうほうのせんたくしがいいです). It is important to note that '両方' is typically used in contexts where two distinct items or groups are being discussed, and it is not interchangeable with words like '全部 (ぜんぶ)' which means 'all' or 'everything'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2534

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Part

Reading

Kanji

一One 部Section, Department 分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese noun '一部分 (いちぶぶん)' means 'part' or 'portion'. It refers to a segment or section of a whole, often used to describe a fraction or a specific portion of something larger. For example: I read only a part of the book「私は本の一部分だけを読んだ」(わたしはほんのいちぶぶんだけをよんだ). This is just a part of the problem「これは問題の一部分に過ぎない」(これはもんだいのいちぶぶんにすぎない). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a subset of a larger entity.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2535

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Countries

Reading

Kanji

国Country

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国々 (くにぐに)' means 'countries'. This word is the plural form of '国 (くに)', which means 'country'. It is used to refer to multiple countries collectively. For example: Many countries participated in the event「多くの国々がイベントに参加した」(おおくのくにぐにがイベントにさんかした). The cultures of various countries are fascinating「さまざまな国々の文化は魅力的だ」(さまざまなくにぐにのぶんかはみりょくてきだ). Note that '国々' is often used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize the plurality of nations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2536

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Welfare

Reading

Kanji

厚Thick, Kind 生Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '厚生 (こうせい)' refers to 'welfare' or 'public health and well-being'. It is commonly used in contexts related to social welfare, health care, and public services aimed at improving the quality of life. For example: The government is working on welfare policies「政府は厚生政策に取り組んでいる」(せいふはこうせいせいさくにとりくんでいる). The Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare is responsible for public health「厚生労働省は公衆衛生を担当している」(こうせいろうどうしょうはこうしゅうえいせいをたんとうしている). This term is often seen in official or formal contexts, such as government departments or policies.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2537

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Loss, Damage

Reading

Kanji

損Loss, Damage 害Harm

Explanation

The Japanese noun '損害 (そんがい)' refers to harm, damage, or loss, often in a financial, physical, or legal context. It is commonly used to describe the negative consequences of an event, such as an accident or natural disaster. For example: The company suffered significant damage「会社は大きな損害を受けた」(かいしゃはおおきなそんがいをうけた). The typhoon caused a lot of damage「台風で多くの損害が出た」(たいふうでおおくのそんがいがでた). This word is frequently used in legal or insurance contexts to describe compensation for damages, as in '損害賠償 (そんがいばいしょう) (compensation for damages)'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2538

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pillar, Support

Reading

Kanji

柱Pillar

Explanation

The Japanese noun '柱 (はしら)' primarily means 'pillar', referring to a vertical structural element that supports a building or structure. It can also metaphorically mean 'support', as in a person or thing that provides essential backing or stability. For example: The temple's pillars are strong「その寺の柱は強い」(そのてらのはしらはつよい). He is the pillar of our team「彼は私たちのチームの柱だ」(かれはわたしたちのチームのはしらだ). The word can be used both literally and figuratively, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2539

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Respond

Reading

Kanji

応Answer, Respond

Explanation

The Japanese verb '応える (こたえる)' means 'to respond' or 'to answer'. It is often used in contexts where a reaction or reply is given to a question, request, or situation. This verb can also imply a deeper emotional or physical response, such as reacting to someone's feelings or enduring a challenge. For example: He responded to the question「彼は質問に応えた」(かれはしつもんにこたえた). The team responded well to the pressure「チームはプレッシャーによく応えた」(チームはプレッシャーによくこたえた). Note that '応える' can also be used to describe a reaction to stimuli, such as 'the body responds to exercise'「体が運動に応える」(からだがうんどうにこたえる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2540

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Abroad

Reading

Kanji

国Country 外Outside

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国外 (こくがい)' means 'abroad' or 'outside the country'. It refers to any location or situation that is outside the borders of one's own country. This term is often used in contexts related to travel, immigration, or international affairs. For example: He went abroad「彼は国外に行った」(かれはこくがいにいった). The company expanded its business abroad「その会社は国外に事業を拡大した」(そのかいしゃはこくがいにじぎょうをかくだいした). Note that '国外' is a formal term and is commonly used in written or official contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2541

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Departure

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 国Country

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出国 (しゅっこく)' means 'departure' in the context of leaving a country. It is commonly used in situations involving travel, immigration, or legal processes related to exiting a country. For example: His departure from Japan was sudden「彼の日本からの出国は突然だった」(かれのにほんからのしゅっこくはとつぜんだった). You must complete the departure procedures「出国手続きを完了しなければならない」(しゅっこくてつづきをかんりょうしなければならない). This term is often used in formal or official contexts, such as at airports or immigration offices.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2542

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relations

Reading

Kanji

国Country 交Mix

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国交 (こっこう)' refers to diplomatic relations or official ties between countries. It is commonly used in contexts involving international politics, treaties, or agreements. For example: The two countries established diplomatic relations「両国は国交を樹立した」(りょうこくはこっこうをじゅりつした). The normalization of diplomatic relations between the two nations「両国の国交正常化」(りょうこくのこっこうせいじょうか). This term is often used in formal or political discussions and emphasizes the official nature of the relationship between nations.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2543

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Diary

Reading

Kanji

日Day, Sun 記Record

Explanation

The Japanese noun '日記 (にっき)' means 'diary'. It refers to a personal record or journal where one writes about their daily experiences, thoughts, or events. This word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: I write in my diary every night「毎晩日記を書きます」(まいばんにっきをかきます). Her diary is very detailed「彼女の日記はとても詳しいです」(かのじょのにっきはとてもくわしいです). The word can also refer to a specific type of diary, such as a travel diary or a school diary, depending on the context.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2544

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Nutrition

Reading

Kanji

栄Prosper, Flourish 養Foster

Explanation

The Japanese noun '栄養 (えいよう)' means 'nutrition'. It refers to the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth. This word is commonly used in contexts related to health, diet, and biology. For example: good nutrition is important for health「良い栄養は健康に重要です」(よいえいようはけんこうにじゅうようです). This food is rich in nutrition「この食べ物は栄養が豊富です」(このたべものはえいようがほうふです). The word can also be used in compound words like '栄養素 (えいようそ)' which means 'nutrient'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2545

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Counter

Reading

Kanji

匹Equal, Counter for animals

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '匹 (ひき)' is a counter used for small animals, such as cats, dogs, fish, and insects. It is one of the most common counters in Japanese and is essential for counting animals. The reading 'ひき' changes depending on the number it follows due to rendaku (voicing) and phonetic rules. For example: one cat「猫一匹」(ねこいっぴき), two dogs「犬二匹」(いぬにひき), three fish「魚三匹」(さかなさんびき). Note that the counter does not change based on the size of the animal, but rather the category (small animals). This suffix is widely used in everyday conversation and is a fundamental part of Japanese counting systems.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2546

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Care

Reading

Kanji

世World, Generation 話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '世話 (せわ)' primarily means 'care' or 'looking after'. It is commonly used to describe the act of taking care of someone or something, such as a person, animal, or even a task. It can also imply assistance or help in a broader sense. For example: Thank you for taking care of my dog「私の犬の世話をしてくれてありがとう」(わたしのいぬのせわをしてくれてありがとう). She is busy taking care of her children「彼女は子供の世話で忙しい」(かのじょはこどものせわでいそがしい). The word can also be used in idiomatic expressions like '世話になる (せわになる)', which means 'to be indebted to someone' or 'to receive help'. For instance: I am indebted to him「彼には世話になっています」(かれにはせわになっています).

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2547

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Video

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ビデオ (びでお)' means 'video'. This word is a direct borrowing from English and is used in the same way as in English, referring to recorded visual content. It can refer to video recordings, video files, or the medium of video in general. For example: I watched a video「ビデオを見た」(びでおをみた). This video is interesting「このビデオは面白い」(このびでおはおもしろい). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is understood by most Japanese speakers, especially in the context of technology and media.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2548

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

留Stay, Detain

Explanation

The Japanese verb '留まる (とまる)' primarily means 'to stop'. It is used to indicate that something or someone comes to a halt or ceases movement. This verb can be applied to both physical and abstract contexts. For example: the train stopped「電車が留まった」(でんしゃがとまった). The conversation stopped「会話が留まった」(かいわがとまった). It's important to note that '留まる' can also imply a temporary pause or staying in a place for a short period, but the core meaning remains centered around the concept of stopping.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2549

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Success

Reading

Kanji

出Exit 世World, Generation

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '出世 (しゅっせ)' refers to 'success' in terms of career advancement or rising in social status. It is often used to describe someone achieving a high position in their profession or society. For example: He achieved great success in his career「彼は出世した」(かれはしゅっせした). She is aiming for success in the company「彼女は会社で出世を目指している」(かのじょはかいしゃでしゅっせをめざしている). The word carries a connotation of climbing the social or professional ladder, and it is commonly used in business or formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2550

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Soul

Reading

Kanji

魂Spirit, Soul

Explanation

The Japanese noun '魂 (たましい)' refers to the 'soul' or 'spirit' of a living being. It is often used in a spiritual or philosophical context to describe the essence of a person or creature that transcends physical existence. This word can also imply the core of one's emotions, will, or vitality. For example: Her soul is pure「彼女の魂は純粋だ」(かのじょのたましいはじゅんすいだ). The warrior's spirit never dies「戦士の魂は決して死なない」(せんしのたましいはけっしてしなない). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the essence or spirit of something non-living, such as art or culture.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2551

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Point

Reading

Kanji

指Finger

Explanation

The Japanese verb '指す (さす)' primarily means 'to point' or 'to indicate'. It is used when someone is physically pointing at something or when referring to something in a more abstract sense, such as indicating a direction or specifying a target. For example: He pointed at the map「彼は地図を指した」(かれはちずをさした). This word can also mean 'to refer to' in a linguistic or conceptual context, such as when a term refers to a specific concept. For instance: The term 'AI' refers to artificial intelligence「『AI』という言葉は人工知能を指す」(『AI』ということばはじんこうちのうをさす). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2552

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pale

Reading

Kanji

青Blue 白White

Explanation

The Japanese adjective '青白い (あおじろい)' means 'pale'. It is often used to describe a pale or whitish color, particularly one that has a bluish tint. This adjective can be used to describe physical appearances, such as a pale face, or objects, such as pale light. For example: Her face was pale「彼女の顔は青白かった」(かのじょのかおはあおじろかった). The pale moonlight illuminated the room「青白い月明かりが部屋を照らした」(あおじろいつきあかりがへやをてらした). The word can also carry a connotation of something being eerie or ghostly due to its pale appearance.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2553

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Profit

Reading

Kanji

黒Black 字Character

Explanation

The Japanese noun '黒字 (くろじ)' means 'profit'. It is used in financial contexts to indicate that a company or organization is making a profit, as opposed to being in the red (赤字, あかじ). The term originates from the practice of using black ink to denote positive numbers in accounting. For example: The company is in the black「その会社は黒字です」(そのかいしゃはくろじです). This year we made a profit「今年は黒字でした」(ことしはくろじでした).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2554

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Fate

Reading

Kanji

運Fortune 命Command, Life

Explanation

The Japanese noun '運命 (うんめい)' means 'fate' or 'destiny'. It refers to the predetermined course of events in a person's life, often beyond their control. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversations and literary contexts to express the idea of an inevitable outcome. For example: it was fate that we met「私たちが出会ったのは運命だった」(わたしたちがであったのはうんめいだった). He believes in fate「彼は運命を信じている」(かれはうんめいをしんじている). The word can also carry a sense of inevitability or predestination, often used in philosophical or romantic contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2555

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hobby

Reading

Kanji

趣Gist, Flavor 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese noun '趣味 (しゅみ)' means 'hobby'. It refers to activities or interests that one enjoys doing in their free time. This word is commonly used to describe personal interests, such as sports, arts, or collecting items. For example: My hobby is reading books「私の趣味は本を読むことです」(わたしのしゅみはほんをよむことです). What is your hobby?「あなたの趣味は何ですか？」(あなたのしゅみはなんですか？). The word can also imply a sense of personal taste or preference, as in '趣味が良い (しゅみがいい)' meaning 'to have good taste'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2556

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Subordinate

Reading

Kanji

部Section, Department 下Down

Explanation

The Japanese noun '部下 (ぶか)' refers to a subordinate or someone who is under the authority of another person, typically in a workplace or organizational setting. It is commonly used to describe employees or team members who report to a supervisor or manager. For example: He is my subordinate「彼は私の部下です」(かれはわたしのぶかです). The manager gave instructions to his subordinates「上司は部下に指示を出した」(じょうしはぶかにしじをだした). The term carries a formal tone and is often used in professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2557

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Therapy

Reading

Kanji

療Cure, Heal 法Law, Method

Explanation

The Japanese noun '療法 (りょうほう)' means 'therapy'. It refers to a method or treatment used to heal or alleviate a medical condition, illness, or disorder. This word is often used in medical or therapeutic contexts and can be combined with other words to specify the type of therapy, such as '物理療法 (ぶつりりょうほう)' (physical therapy) or '心理療法 (しんりりょうほう)' (psychological therapy). Example sentences: She is undergoing therapy for her back pain「彼女は腰痛の療法を受けている」(かのじょはようつうのりょうほうをうけている). This therapy is very effective「この療法はとても効果的です」(このりょうほうはとてもこうかてきです).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2558

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Equator

Reading

Kanji

赤Red 道Way

Explanation

The Japanese noun '赤道 (せきどう)' refers to the 'equator', the imaginary line that divides the Earth into the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. It is a geographical term used in contexts related to Earth's geography, climate, and astronomy. For example: The equator is the hottest part of the Earth「赤道は地球で一番暑いところです」(せきどうはちきゅうでいちばんあついところです). The sun is directly above the equator during the equinox「春分と秋分には太陽が赤道の真上に来ます」(しゅんぶんとしゅうぶんにはたいようがせきどうのまうえにきます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2559

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

National railway

Reading

Kanji

国Country 鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国鉄 (こくてつ)' refers to the 'National Railway', specifically the former Japanese National Railways (JNR), which was a state-owned railway company in Japan until it was privatized and divided into several companies in 1987. This term is often used in historical contexts or when referring to the era before privatization. For example: The national railway was privatized in 1987「国鉄は1987年に民営化された」(こくてつは1987ねんにみんえいかされた). My father worked for the national railway「父は国鉄で働いていた」(ちちはこくてつではたらいていた).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2560

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private railway

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 鉄Iron

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私鉄 (してつ)' refers to a 'private railway'. This term is used to describe railway systems that are owned and operated by private companies, as opposed to those run by the government (which are called '国鉄 (こくてつ)' or 'national railways'). Private railways are common in Japan and often serve urban and suburban areas, connecting cities and towns. Example sentences: The private railway is convenient「私鉄は便利です」(してつはべんりです). I take the private railway to work「私は私鉄で仕事に行きます」(わたしはしてつでしごとにいきます).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2561

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

House

Reading

Kanji

家House 屋Shop, Roof

Explanation

The Japanese noun '家屋 (かおく)' refers to a 'house' or 'building' used as a dwelling. It is a formal term often used in legal, architectural, or technical contexts to describe a residential structure. For example: The house was damaged in the earthquake「家屋が地震で損傷した」(かおくがじしんでそんしょうした). They are building a new house「新しい家屋を建てている」(あたらしいかおくをたてている). This term is more specific than the general word '家 (いえ)', which can also mean 'home' or 'family'. '家屋' emphasizes the physical structure of the building.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2562

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Oneself

Reading

Kanji

己Oneself

Explanation

The Japanese noun '己 (おのれ)' refers to 'oneself' or 'self'. It is often used in a reflective or introspective context, emphasizing the speaker's own identity or actions. This term can carry a formal or archaic tone and is sometimes used in expressions of self-reproach or determination. For example: I must rely on myself「己を頼りにしなければならない」(おのれをたよりにしなければならない). He blamed himself「彼は己を責めた」(かれはおのれをせめた). Note that '己' can also appear in idiomatic expressions or proverbs, such as '己の欲せざる所は人に施す勿れ (おのれのほっせざるところはひとにほどこすなかれ)', which translates to 'Do not impose on others what you do not desire for yourself.'

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2563

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Item

Reading

Kanji

項Clause, Paragraph 目Eye

Explanation

The Japanese noun '項目 (こうもく)' means 'item' and is commonly used to refer to a specific entry, point, or topic in a list, document, or discussion. It is often used in formal or technical contexts, such as in reports, forms, or agendas. For example: Please check each item on the list「リストの各項目を確認してください」(リストのかくこうもくをかくにんしてください). The agenda has five items「議題は五つの項目があります」(ぎだいはいつつのこうもくがあります). This word is particularly useful when organizing or categorizing information.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2564

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rooftop

Reading

Kanji

屋Shop, Roof 上Up

Explanation

The Japanese noun '屋上 (おくじょう)' refers to the 'rooftop' of a building. It is commonly used to describe the topmost part of a structure, often accessible to people for various purposes such as relaxation, events, or maintenance. For example: Let's go to the rooftop「屋上に行こう」(おくじょうにいこう). The view from the rooftop is beautiful「屋上からの眺めは美しい」(おくじょうからのながめはうつくしい). This word is frequently used in urban settings, especially in reference to buildings in cities where rooftops might be utilized for gardens, observation decks, or other activities.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2565

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Entrance

Reading

Kanji

入Enter 口Mouth

Explanation

The Japanese noun '入り口 (いりぐち)' means 'entrance'. It refers to the point or place where one enters a building, room, or area. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as describing the entrance to a house, store, or park. For example: The entrance is over there「入り口はあそこです」(いりぐちはあそこです). Please wait at the entrance「入り口で待ってください」(いりぐちでまってください). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the beginning of something, such as the entrance to a new phase in life. Note that '入り口' is often paired with verbs like '探す (さがす)' (to look for) or '見つける (みつける)' (to find) when discussing locating an entrance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2566

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Kanji

限Limit 界World

Explanation

The Japanese noun '限界 (げんかい)' means 'limit'. It refers to the boundary or point beyond which something cannot or should not go. This word is often used in contexts involving physical, mental, or abstract boundaries. For example: I reached my limit「限界に達した」(げんかいにたっした). The limit of human endurance「人間の限界」(にんげんのげんかい). It can also be used to describe the maximum capacity or extent of something, such as 'the limit of technology'「技術の限界」(ぎじゅつのげんかい).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2567

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Child

Reading

Kanji

児Child

Explanation

The Japanese suffix '児 (じ)' means 'child' and is often used in compound words to refer to children or young individuals. It can be used in various contexts, such as in the names of institutions or titles. For example: kindergarten child「幼稚園児」(ようちえんじ). This suffix is commonly found in words related to education or care for children. It's important to note that '児' is typically used in formal or institutional contexts rather than in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

suffix

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2568

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Plain, Modest

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 味Flavor

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '地味 (じみ)' primarily means 'plain' or 'modest'. It is often used to describe something that is simple, unadorned, or not flashy. This word can be applied to clothing, behavior, or even lifestyles. For example: Her dress is plain「彼女のドレスは地味だ」(かのじょのドレスはじみだ). He leads a modest life「彼は地味な生活を送っている」(かれはじみなせいかつをおくっている). It can also carry a slightly negative nuance, implying something is too plain or unremarkable, depending on the context. For instance: This design is too plain「このデザインは地味すぎる」(このデザインはじみすぎる).

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2569

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Month end

Reading

Kanji

月Moon, Month 末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '月末 (げつまつ)' refers to the end of a month. It is commonly used in contexts related to deadlines, financial periods, or scheduling. For example: The report is due at the end of the month「レポートは月末までです」(レポートはげつまつまでです). I will pay the bill by the end of the month「月末までに請求書を支払います」(げつまつまでにせいきゅうしょをしはらいます). This term is often used in business or administrative settings to indicate time-sensitive tasks or events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2570

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Youngest

Reading

Kanji

末End 子Child

Explanation

The Japanese noun '末っ子 (すえっこ)' refers to the youngest child in a family. It is a term often used to describe the position of a child within a sibling group, emphasizing their status as the last-born. This term carries a nuance of affection or endearment, as the youngest child is often seen as the baby of the family. For example: She is the youngest in her family「彼女は末っ子です」(かのじょはすえっこです). The youngest child is always spoiled「末っ子はいつも甘やかされる」(すえっこはいつもあまやかされる). The word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe family dynamics.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2571

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Declaration

Reading

Kanji

宣Proclaim, Promulgate 言Say

Explanation

The Japanese noun '宣言 (せんげん)' means 'declaration'. It refers to a formal or public statement, often used in contexts like political announcements, personal resolutions, or official proclamations. For example: He made a declaration of love「彼は愛の宣言をした」(かれはあいのせんげんをした). The government issued a declaration of emergency「政府は非常事態宣言を出した」(せいふはひじょうじたいせんげんをだした). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to emphasize the seriousness or importance of the statement being made.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2572

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wine

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'ワイン (wain)' refers to 'wine', an alcoholic beverage made from fermented grapes. This term is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe various types of wine, such as red wine, white wine, or sparkling wine. It is a loanword from English, reflecting Japan's adoption of Western culinary culture. Example sentences: I like red wine「赤ワインが好きです」(あかワインがすきです). This wine is delicious「このワインは美味しいです」(このワインはおいしいです). Wine is often enjoyed with meals or during social gatherings in Japan.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2573

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Skilled

Reading

Kanji

上Up 手Hand

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '上手 (じょうず)' means 'skilled' or 'good at something'. It is used to describe someone who is proficient or talented in a particular activity or skill. This word is often used to compliment someone's abilities. For example: She is skilled at playing the piano「彼女はピアノが上手です」(かのじょはぴあのがじょうずです). He is good at cooking「彼は料理が上手です」(かれはりょうりがじょうずです). Note that '上手' is typically used in the structure '[person]は[activity]が上手です' to indicate skill in a specific area.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2574

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

末End

Explanation

The Japanese noun '末 (すえ)' refers to the 'end' or 'conclusion' of something, often in a temporal or spatial sense. It can be used to describe the end of a period, the tip of an object, or the outcome of a situation. For example: at the end of the month「月末に」(げつまつに). The tip of the branch「枝の末」(えだのすえ). The outcome of the discussion「議論の末」(ぎろんのすえ). This word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, emphasizing the final part or result of something.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2575

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drinking water

Reading

Kanji

飲Drink 料Materials, Fee 水Water

Explanation

The Japanese noun '飲料水 (いんりょうすい)' refers to 'drinking water', which is water that is safe and suitable for human consumption. This term is often used in contexts related to health, safety, and environmental discussions. For example: This area has clean drinking water「この地域にはきれいな飲料水があります」(このちいきにはきれいないんりょうすいがあります). We need to ensure the supply of drinking water「飲料水の供給を確保する必要があります」(いんりょうすいのきょうきゅうをかくほするひつようがあります). The term emphasizes the importance of water quality and safety for drinking purposes.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2576

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Concert

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese noun 'コンサート (konsaato)' refers to a musical performance, typically involving one or more musicians or bands performing live for an audience. This word is a loanword from English and is commonly used in the context of music events. For example: I went to a concert yesterday「昨日コンサートに行きました」(きのうコンサートにいきました). The concert was amazing「コンサートは素晴らしかった」(コンサートはすばらしかった). It is important to note that 'コンサート' is often used interchangeably with 'ライブ (raibu)', though 'ライブ' can also refer to live performances in a broader sense, including non-musical events.

Part Of Speech

noun

Frequency

2577

Composition

katakana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

As it is

Reading

Kanji

有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese adjectival noun '有りのまま (ありのまま)' means 'as it is.' This word is used to describe something in its natural or original state, without any alterations or pretenses. It is often used to emphasize honesty, authenticity, or the acceptance of reality. Example: Show your true feelings 「有りのままの気持ちを見せて」 (ありのままのきもちをみせて). He painted the scene from memory, as it was 「彼は記憶にあるがままの景色を描いた」 (かれはきおくにあるがままのけしきをえがいた). This word is often used in contexts where transparency or acceptance is valued, such as in personal reflection, art, or relationships.

Part Of Speech

adjectival noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2578

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Map

Reading

Kanji

地Ground 図Map

Explanation

The Japanese noun '地図 (ちず)' means 'map'. It refers to a visual representation of an area, showing physical features, cities, roads, etc. This word is commonly used in everyday situations, such as when navigating or planning trips. For example: I bought a map of Tokyo「東京の地図を買いました」(とうきょうのちずをかいました). Can you show me the map?「地図を見せてくれますか？」(ちずをみせてくれますか？). It is also used in compound words like '世界地図 (せかいちず)' (world map) or '地下鉄地図 (ちかてつちず)' (subway map).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2579

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use

Reading

Kanji

使Use 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '使用 (しよう)' means 'use'. It refers to the act of utilizing something for a specific purpose. This word is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as instructions, manuals, or official documents. For example: Please use this tool「この道具を使用してください」(このどうぐをしようしてください). The use of this machine is prohibited「この機械の使用は禁止されています」(このきかいのしようはきんしされています). Note that '使用' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '使用する (しようする)', which means 'to use'.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2580

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Senior

Reading

Kanji

先Before, Previous 輩Fellow, Comrade

Explanation

The Japanese noun '先輩 (せんぱい)' refers to someone who is senior to you in age, experience, or status, particularly in school, work, or a group. It is commonly used to address or refer to someone who has been in an organization or field longer than you. For example: My senior at work is very kind「私の先輩はとても親切です」(わたしのせんぱいはとてもしんせつです). I respect my senior「私は先輩を尊敬しています」(わたしはせんぱいをそんけいしています). This term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, emphasizing respect and hierarchy in relationships.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2581

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Effect, Action

Reading

Kanji

作Make 用Use

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '作用 (さよう)' refers to the 'effect' or 'action' of something, often in a scientific, medical, or abstract context. It describes the influence or operation of one thing on another, such as the effect of a drug or the action of a force. For example: the effect of the medicine is strong「薬の作用は強い」(くすりのさようはつよい). The action of gravity is constant「重力の作用は一定だ」(じゅうりょくのさようはいちだい). This word is commonly used in technical or formal contexts to describe cause-and-effect relationships.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2582

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Aviation

Reading

Kanji

航Sail, Navigate 空Sky, Empty

Explanation

The Japanese noun '航空 (こうくう)' refers to 'aviation', which is the operation of aircraft or the activity of flying. This term is often used in contexts related to air travel, airlines, and the aviation industry. For example: aviation technology is advancing rapidly「航空技術は急速に進歩している」(こうくうぎじゅつはきゅうそくにしんぽしている). The aviation industry is growing「航空業界は成長している」(こうくうぎょうかいはせいちょうしている). It is also commonly seen in compound words like '航空会社 (こうくうがいしゃ)' (airline) or '航空機 (こうくうき)' (aircraft).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2583

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Power, Influence

Reading

Kanji

勢Power, Force 力Power

Explanation

The Japanese noun '勢力 (せいりょく)' refers to 'power' or 'influence', often in the context of political, social, or military strength. It can describe the capacity of a group, organization, or individual to exert control or sway over others. For example: The country expanded its power「その国は勢力を拡大した」(そのくにはせいりょくをかくだいした). The political party lost its influence「その政党は勢力を失った」(そのせいとうはせいりょくをうしなった). This word is commonly used in discussions about power dynamics, competition, or dominance.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2584

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Priority

Reading

Kanji

優Superior, Gentle 先Before, Previous

Explanation

The Japanese noun '優先 (ゆうせん)' means 'priority'. It refers to something being given precedence or higher importance over other things. This word is commonly used in contexts like work, transportation, or decision-making. For example: give priority to safety「安全を優先する」(あんぜんをゆうせんする). Priority seating is available「優先席があります」(ゆうせんせきがあります). The word can also be used in compound terms like '優先順位 (ゆうせんじゅんい)' (priority order) or '優先権 (ゆうせんけん)' (priority right).

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2585

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contact

Reading

Kanji

接Contact, Touch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '接する (せっする)' means 'to come into contact with' or 'to interact with'. It is used to describe physical contact, as well as metaphorical or social interactions. For example: I came into contact with a new culture「新しい文化に接した」(あたらしいぶんかにせっした). The teacher interacts with students「先生は生徒に接する」(せんせいはせいとにせっする). This verb can also imply a sense of connection or engagement, such as in business or personal relationships. Note that it is often used in formal or written contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2586

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Employee

Reading

Kanji

使Use 用Use 人Person

Explanation

The Japanese noun '使用人 (しようにん)' refers to an 'employee' or 'servant'. It is a formal term used to describe someone who is employed by another person or organization, typically in a service or domestic role. The word carries a slightly old-fashioned or formal tone and is often used in historical or legal contexts. For example: The employee works diligently「使用人は勤勉に働く」(しようにんはきんべんにはたらく). The servant prepared the meal「使用人が食事を用意した」(しようにんがしょくじをよういした). Note that in modern contexts, the term '従業員 (じゅうぎょういん)' is more commonly used for 'employee'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2587

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Bad

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese adjective 'いけない (ikenai)' primarily means 'bad' or 'not good'. It is often used to indicate that something is wrong, undesirable, or should not be done. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone is being warned or advised against doing something. For example: it's bad to lie「嘘をつくのはいけない」(うそをつくのはいけない). You must not go there「そこへ行ってはいけない」(そこへいってはいけない). Additionally, 'いけない' can also be used to express concern or worry, as in 'it's bad if you don't eat properly「ちゃんと食べないといけない」(ちゃんとたべないといけない)'. The word is versatile and can be used in various situations to convey disapproval or caution.

Part Of Speech

adjective

Frequency

2588

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Sweat

Reading

Kanji

汗Sweat

Explanation

The Japanese noun '汗 (あせ)' means 'sweat'. It refers to the moisture exuded through the pores of the skin, typically as a result of physical exertion, heat, or nervousness. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be found in various contexts, such as describing physical activity, weather conditions, or emotional states. For example: I wiped the sweat from my forehead「額の汗を拭いた」(ひたいのあせをふいた). After running, I was covered in sweat「走った後、汗だくになった」(はしったあと、あせだくになった). It's also used metaphorically to describe hard work or effort, as in 'sweating over a task'.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2589

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Structure, Mechanism

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 組Association, Group

Explanation

The Japanese noun '仕組み (しくみ)' refers to the mechanism or structure of something, often describing how a system, device, or process works. It can be used in both literal and abstract contexts. For example: the mechanism of this machine is complex「この機械の仕組みは複雑だ」(このきかいのしくみはふくざつだ). The structure of this organization is well-designed「この組織の仕組みはよく考えられている」(このそしきのしくみはよくかんがえられている). The word can also imply the underlying framework or arrangement of something, such as a plan or system.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2590

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

National funds

Reading

Kanji

国Country 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '国費 (こくひ)' refers to funds or expenses that are provided or managed by the national government. It is often used in contexts related to government budgets, public spending, or financial support provided by the state. For example: The project is funded by national funds「そのプロジェクトは国費で賄われている」(そのプロジェクトはこくひでまかなわれている). The scholarship is supported by national funds「その奨学金は国費で支えられている」(そのしょうがくきんはこくひでささえられている). This term is commonly used in formal or administrative contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2591

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Food expenses

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '食費 (しょくひ)' refers to the cost or expenses related to food. This term is commonly used when discussing household budgets, personal finances, or the cost of living. It encompasses all expenses associated with purchasing food, whether for daily meals, groceries, or dining out. For example: My food expenses are high this month「今月の食費が高い」(こんげつのしょくひがたかい). We need to reduce our food expenses「食費を減らす必要がある」(しょくひをへらすひつようがある). This term is often used in financial planning or when discussing cost-saving measures.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2592

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Season

Reading

Kanji

季Season 節Season, Node

Explanation

The Japanese noun '季節 (きせつ)' refers to 'season', specifically one of the four divisions of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter). It is used to describe the natural changes and characteristics associated with each period. For example: I love the autumn season「秋の季節が大好きです」(あきのきせつがだいすきです). The cherry blossoms are a symbol of the spring season「桜は春の季節の象徴です」(さくらははるのきせつのしょうちょうです). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation, poetry, and literature to evoke the beauty and atmosphere of each season.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2593

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

West, Western

Reading

Kanji

西West 洋Ocean, Western style

Explanation

The Japanese noun '西洋 (せいよう)' primarily refers to 'the West' or 'Western countries', particularly Europe and the Americas. It is often used in contrast to '東洋 (とうよう)', which refers to 'the East' or 'Eastern countries'. The term can also be used to describe things that are Western in origin or style. For example: Western culture is fascinating「西洋の文化は魅力的です」(せいようのぶんかはみりょくてきです). This painting is in a Western style「この絵は西洋風です」(このえはせいようふうです). The word is commonly used in contexts discussing cultural, historical, or geographical differences between the East and the West.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2594

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Private expense

Reading

Kanji

私Private, Me 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese noun '私費 (しひ)' means 'private expense.' This word is used to refer to expenses that are paid from one's own pocket or personal resources, rather than being covered by an organization or public funds. It is often used in contexts such as education, medical costs, or business expenses. Example: I paid for the course with my own money 「そのコースは私費で払いました」 (そのコースはしひではらいました). The company does not cover private expenses 「会社は私費を負担しません」 (かいしゃはしひをふたんしません). Note that this word is commonly used in informal or professional contexts.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2595

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Consumption

Reading

Kanji

消Extinguish 費Expense

Explanation

The Japanese verbal noun '消費 (しょうひ)' means 'consumption'. It refers to the act of using up resources, goods, or services. This term is commonly used in economic contexts to describe the use of goods and services by households, but it can also refer to the consumption of energy, time, or other resources. For example: energy consumption「エネルギー消費」(えねるぎーしょうひ). The consumption of goods has increased「商品の消費が増えた」(しょうひんのしょうひがふえた). It's important to note that '消費' can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the consumption of time or effort.

Part Of Speech

verbal noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2596

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Target, Aim

Reading

Kanji

狙Aim

Explanation

The Japanese verb '狙う (ねらう)' primarily means 'to aim' or 'to target'. It is used when focusing on a specific goal, object, or outcome. This verb can be applied in both literal and figurative contexts. For example, in sports, it can mean aiming for a target: He aimed for the goal「彼はゴールを狙った」(かれはゴールをねらった). In a strategic context, it can mean targeting an opportunity: The company is targeting the overseas market「その会社は海外市場を狙っている」(そのかいしゃはかいがいしじょうをねらっている). Note that '狙う' often implies a deliberate and focused effort toward achieving something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2597

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Launch

Reading

Kanji

売Sell 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '売り出す (うりだす)' means 'to launch' or 'to put on sale'. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe the act of introducing a new product or service to the market. This verb implies the start of selling something that was previously not available. For example: The company will launch a new product next month「会社は来月新しい製品を売り出します」(かいしゃはらいげつあたらしいせいひんをうりだします). They are putting the new collection on sale today「彼らは今日新しいコレクションを売り出しています」(かれらはきょうあたらしいコレクションをうりだしています). The nuance here is that '売り出す' emphasizes the action of making something available for purchase, often for the first time.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2598

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Knowledge

Reading

Kanji

存Exist, Suppose 知Know

Explanation

The Japanese noun '存知 (ぞんじ)' refers to 'knowledge' or 'awareness' of something. It is often used in polite or formal contexts to indicate that someone is aware of or knows about a particular matter. For example: I am aware of that matter「その件は存じております」(そのけんはぞんじております). Do you know about this?「これをご存知ですか？」(これをごぞんじですか？). The term is typically used in respectful or humble speech, especially when referring to someone else's knowledge or awareness.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2599

Composition

kanji

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Documents

Reading

Kanji

書Write 類Kind, Type

Explanation

The Japanese noun '書類 (しょるい)' refers to 'documents' or 'papers'. It is commonly used in formal or business contexts to describe written materials, such as contracts, reports, or official forms. For example: Please submit the documents by tomorrow「書類を明日までに提出してください」(しょるいをあしたまでにていしゅつしてください). I organized the documents on my desk「書類を机の上に整理しました」(しょるいをつくえのうえにせいりしました). This word is often used in workplaces or administrative settings and can refer to both physical and digital documents.

Part Of Speech

noun

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

2600

Composition

kanji

Handwriting