言Japanese VocabularyOrganized by Part Of Speech

word

Meaning

Do

Reading

Kanji

為Do, Sake

Explanation

The Japanese verb '為る (する)' means 'to do'. It is one of the most versatile and commonly used verbs in Japanese, often functioning as a placeholder verb for actions or activities. It can be used in a wide range of contexts, from performing tasks to describing states or conditions. For example: I will do my homework「宿題をする」(しゅくだいをする). What are you doing?「何をしているの？」(なにをしているの？). Additionally, 'する' is often used in compound verbs or to nominalize actions, such as '勉強する (べんきょうする)' (to study) or '旅行する (りょこうする)' (to travel). It is also used in many idiomatic expressions and set phrases.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

47

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exist

Reading

Kanji

居Reside, Be

Explanation

The Japanese verb '居る (いる)' means 'to exist' or 'to be present' and is primarily used for living things, such as people or animals. It is often used to indicate the presence or existence of someone or something animate. For example: There is a cat here「ここに猫が居る」(ここにねこがいる). My friend is at home「友達が家に居る」(ともだちがいえにいる). Note that '居る' is written in hiragana as 'いる' in modern usage, and it is distinct from 'ある', which is used for inanimate objects. This verb is also commonly used in the progressive tense to indicate ongoing actions, such as '食べている (たべている)' (is eating).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

48

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exist

Reading

Kanji

有Exist

Explanation

The Japanese verb '有る (ある)' means 'to exist' or 'to have'. It is primarily used to indicate the existence of inanimate objects or abstract concepts. Unlike 'いる (iru)', which is used for living things, 'ある' is specifically for non-living things. For example: There is a book on the table「テーブルの上に本がある」(てーぶるのうえにほんがある). I have time「時間がある」(じかんがある). It can also be used to express possession in a general sense, such as 'I have a car'「車がある」(くるまがある). Note that 'ある' is often used in negative forms to indicate absence, like 'There is no money'「お金がない」(おかねがない).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

49

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Say

Reading

Kanji

言Say

Explanation

The Japanese verb '言う (いう)' means 'to say' or 'to tell'. It is used to express speaking or conveying information. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as quoting someone, expressing thoughts, or giving instructions. For example: He said he will come「彼は来ると言った」(かれはくるといった). What did you say?「何と言いましたか？」(なんといいましたか？). It can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as 'そう言う (そういう)' meaning 'that kind of' or 'such'. Note that '言う' is often used in its polite form '言います (いいます)' in formal situations.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

50

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Become

Reading

Kanji

成Become

Explanation

The Japanese verb '成る (なる)' means 'to become'. It is used to indicate a change in state, condition, or quality. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing natural changes, personal transformations, or the outcome of events. For example: I want to become a teacher「先生になりたい」(せんせいになりたい). The leaves have turned red「葉っぱが赤くなった」(はっぱがあかくなった). It's important to note that 'なる' is often used with adjectives or nouns to describe the resulting state, as in '大きくなる (おおきくなる) (to become big)' or '静かになる (しずかになる) (to become quiet)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

52

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Come

Reading

Kanji

来Come

Explanation

The Japanese verb '来る (くる)' means 'to come'. It is used to indicate movement towards the speaker or the location of the speaker. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as inviting someone, indicating arrival, or expressing future events. For example: Please come to my house「私の家に来てください」(わたしのいえにきてください). He will come tomorrow「彼は明日来ます」(かれはあしたきます). The verb '来る' is irregular and conjugates differently from other verbs, so it's important to pay attention to its forms in different tenses and politeness levels.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

61

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Think

Reading

Kanji

思Think

Explanation

The Japanese verb '思う (おもう)' means 'to think'. It is used to express thoughts, opinions, or feelings about something. This verb is often used in casual and formal contexts to convey personal beliefs or impressions. For example: I think it's interesting「それは面白いと思う」(それはおもしろいとおもう). He thinks she is kind「彼は彼女が優しいと思う」(かれはかのじょがやさしいとおもう). It can also be used to express uncertainty or speculation, as in 'I think it might rain「雨が降ると思う」(あめがふるとおもう)'. Note that '思う' is often paired with particles like 'と' or 'を' to indicate the object of thought.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

62

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Go

Reading

Kanji

行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verb '行く (いく)' means 'to go'. It is used to indicate movement from one place to another. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as physical movement, attending events, or even abstract concepts like progress. For example: I will go to the park「公園に行く」(こうえんにいく). She goes to school every day「彼女は毎日学校に行く」(かのじょはまいにちがっこうにいく). Additionally, '行く' can be used in compound verbs and expressions, such as '出かける (でかける)' meaning 'to go out' or 'to leave'. It's important to note that '行く' can also imply a sense of continuation or progression, as in 'このまま行く (このままでいく)' meaning 'to continue as is'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

63

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

See

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見る (みる)' means 'to see' or 'to look at'. It is used to describe the act of visually perceiving something or observing something intentionally. This verb is very common and can be used in various contexts, such as watching TV, looking at scenery, or observing someone's actions. For example: I see a bird「鳥を見る」(とりをみる). She watches TV every night「彼女は毎晩テレビを見る」(かのじょはまいばんテレビをみる). Additionally, '見る' can also imply examining or checking something, as in 'I will check the document'「書類を見る」(しょるいをみる). It is important to note that '見る' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being seen or looked at.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

64

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Can, Be made

Reading

Kanji

来Come 出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出来る (できる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'can', indicating the ability or possibility to do something. For example: I can speak Japanese「日本語ができる」(にほんごができる). The second meaning is 'be made', referring to something being created or produced. For example: This cake was made by my mother「このケーキは母によってできた」(このケーキはははによってできた). The verb is highly versatile and often used in daily conversation to express capability, completion, or the state of being made. It is also commonly used in potential forms to indicate ability, such as '食べられる (たべられる)' (can eat).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

67

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Base, Rely

Reading

Kanji

拠Basis, Based on

Explanation

The Japanese verb '拠る (よる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to base' or 'to be based on,' indicating that something is founded or established on a particular source or principle. For example: This theory is based on solid evidence「この理論は確かな証拠に拠る」(このりろんはたしかなしょうこによる). The second meaning is 'to rely' or 'to depend on,' suggesting that something or someone is dependent on another for support or existence. For example: We rely on your help「私たちはあなたの助けに拠る」(わたしたちはあなたのたすけによる). The verb is often used in formal or written contexts and can be combined with nouns to form compound expressions, such as '根拠 (こんきょ) (basis)' or '依拠 (いきょ) (reliance).'

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

76

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put away

Reading

Kanji

仕Serve 舞Dance

Explanation

The Japanese verb '仕舞う(しまう)' primarily means 'put away' or 'store'. It is used to describe the action of putting something in its proper place or out of sight, often implying that the item is being stored neatly or securely. This verb can also imply completing an action or finishing something, though this usage is less common. For example: I put away th ebooks「本を仕舞った」(ほんをしまった).She put away her toys「彼女はおもちゃを仕舞った」(かのじょはおもちゃをしまった). Note that'しまう'can also be used as an auxiliary verb to denote the completion of an action with a sense of finality, as in '食べてしまった' (たべてしまった), meaning' I ate it up' or 'I ended up eating it'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

86

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Understand

Reading

Kanji

分Minute, Part

Explanation

The Japanese verb '分かる (わかる)' means 'to understand' or 'to comprehend'. It is used to express the realization or grasp of information, knowledge, or a situation. This verb is often used in everyday conversations to indicate that someone has understood something. For example: I understand the problem「問題が分かる」(もんだいがわかる). Do you understand Japanese?「日本語が分かりますか？」(にほんごがわかりますか？). It can also imply a sense of realization, as in 'I see' or 'I get it'. Note that '分かる' is an intransitive verb, so it does not take a direct object with the particle 'を'. Instead, it often uses 'が' to mark the subject of understanding.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

88

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hold, Have

Reading

Kanji

持Hold

Explanation

The Japanese verb '持つ (もつ)' can mean 'to hold' or 'to have'. When used to mean 'to hold', it refers to physically grasping or carrying something. For example: she holds a book「彼女は本を持つ」(かのじょはほんをもつ). When used to mean 'to have', it refers to possessing or owning something. For example: I have a car「私は車を持つ」(わたしはくるまをもつ). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, both literal and figurative. It's important to note that '持つ' is often used in combination with other words to form compound verbs, such as '持ち帰る (もちかえる)' (to take home).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

89

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Think

Reading

Kanji

考Think, Consider

Explanation

The Japanese verb '考える (かんがえる)' means 'to think'. It is used to describe the act of considering, pondering, or reflecting on something. This verb is often used in contexts where someone is contemplating an idea, making a decision, or solving a problem. For example: I will think about it「それを考えます」(それをかんがえます). He is thinking deeply「彼は深く考えている」(かれはふかくかんがえている). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as thinking about the future or considering a theory. It is a versatile and commonly used verb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

90

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give, Do

Reading

Kanji

遣Use, Dispatch

Explanation

The Japanese verb '遣る (やる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to do', which is a casual and often rough way of expressing an action. For example: I'll do it「俺がやる」(おれがやる). The second meaning is 'to give', typically used when giving something to someone of lower status or to animals. For example: I'll give the dog food「犬に餌をやる」(いぬにえさをやる). Note that 'やる' is informal and can sometimes carry a rough or masculine tone, so it is often replaced with more polite alternatives like 'する' (to do) or 'あげる' (to give) in formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

92

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Exit, Appear

Reading

Kanji

出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出る (でる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to exit' or 'to leave', referring to moving out of a place. For example: I left the house「家を出た」(いえをでた). The second meaning is 'to appear' or 'to emerge', often used when something or someone becomes visible or present. For example: The sun appeared「太陽が出た」(たいようがでた). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as leaving a room, appearing in a show, or even when something is published or released. It is important to note that the specific meaning often depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

93

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Assume

Reading

Kanji

就Settle, Concerning

Explanation

The Japanese verb '就く (つく)' primarily means 'to take' or 'to assume' a position, role, or job. It is often used in formal contexts to describe starting a new job, position, or responsibility. For example: He took the position of manager「彼はマネージャーの職に就いた」(かれはマネージャーのしょくについた). She assumed the role of team leader「彼女はチームリーダーの役職に就いた」(かのじょはチームリーダーのやくしょくについた). This verb is also used in phrases like 'bedに就く (ベッドにつく)', meaning 'to go to bed'. It carries a formal tone and is typically used in professional or official settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

97

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Get

Reading

Kanji

取Take

Explanation

The Japanese verb '取る (とる)' primarily means 'to take' or 'to get'. It is a versatile verb used in various contexts, such as physically taking an object, capturing something, or obtaining something abstract like permission or a photograph. For example: I will take a photo「写真を取ります」(しゃしんをとります). He got permission「彼は許可を取りました」(かれはきょかをとりました). Additionally, it can be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '時間を取る (じかんをとる)' meaning 'to take time'. The verb is often used in everyday conversation and is essential for expressing actions related to acquiring or handling something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

104

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Listen, Ask

Reading

Kanji

聞Listen

Explanation

The Japanese verb '聞く (きく)' has two primary meanings: 'to ask' and 'to listen'. When used to mean 'to ask', it refers to inquiring or seeking information from someone. For example: I asked the teacher「先生に聞いた」(せんせいにきいた). When used to mean 'to listen', it refers to the act of hearing or paying attention to sounds or speech. For example: I listened to music「音楽を聞いた」(おんがくをきいた). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. Note that '聞く' is often used in polite requests, such as '聞いてください (きいてください)' (please listen/ask).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

105

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

下Down

Explanation

The Japanese verb '下さる (くださる)' is a humble and polite way to say 'give'. It is used when someone of higher status gives something to the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group. This verb is often used to show respect and gratitude. For example: The teacher gave me a book「先生が本を下さいました」(せんせいがほんをくださいました). My boss gave me advice「上司がアドバイスを下さいました」(じょうしがアドバイスをくださいました). Note that '下さる' is the honorific form of 'くれる', and it is typically used in formal or respectful contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

107

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Know

Reading

Kanji

知Know

Explanation

The Japanese verb '知る (しる)' means 'to know' or 'to become aware of'. It is used to express knowledge or awareness of something, whether it is information, facts, or people. Unlike '分かる (わかる)', which implies understanding, '知る' focuses on the act of coming to know something. For example: I know that person「あの人を知っています」(あのひとをしっています). I just found out about the news「そのニュースを今知りました」(そのニュースをいましりました). It is often used in the past tense ('知った') to indicate the moment of realization or discovery.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

110

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

呉Give, Wu China

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呉れる (くれる)' means 'to give' and is used when someone gives something to the speaker or someone close to the speaker. It implies a sense of favor or kindness from the giver's side. This verb is often used in casual speech and is conjugated differently from other verbs. For example: He gave me a book「彼は私に本をくれた」(かれはわたしにほんをくれた). My friend gave me a ride「友達が車で送ってくれた」(ともだちがくるまでおくってくれた). Note that 'くれる' is used when the action benefits the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group, and it is often accompanied by a sense of gratitude.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

111

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Enter

Reading

Kanji

入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '入る (はいる)' means 'to enter' or 'to go into'. It is used to describe the action of moving into a space, such as a room, building, or container. It can also be used in abstract contexts, such as entering a state or condition. For example: I entered the room「部屋に入った」(へやにはいった). The cat went into the box「猫が箱に入った」(ねこがはこにはいった). Additionally, it can be used in expressions like 'to join' or 'to be included', such as in 'the price includes tax「値段に税が入っている」(ねだんにぜいがはいっている)'. Note that this verb is often paired with particles like に (ni) to indicate the destination or target of entry.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

116

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put

Reading

Kanji

置Put

Explanation

The Japanese verb '置く (おく)' primarily means 'to put' or 'to place'. It is used to describe the action of placing an object in a specific location. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as placing items on a table, leaving something behind, or even metaphorically, like setting aside time. Example sentences: I put the book on the table「本をテーブルに置く」(ほんをテーブルにおく). Please leave the key here「鍵をここに置いてください」(かぎをここにおいてください). Note that '置く' can also imply leaving something in a state or condition, as in 'そのままにしておく (leave it as it is)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

117

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Use

Reading

Kanji

使Use

Explanation

The Japanese verb '使う (つかう)' means 'to use'. It is a common verb that describes the action of utilizing something for a purpose. It can be applied to objects, tools, money, time, or even abstract concepts like methods or strategies. For example: I use a pen to write「ペンを使って書く」(ペンをつかってかく). She uses her time wisely「彼女は時間を上手に使う」(かのじょはじかんをじょうずにつかう). The verb can also imply the act of spending or consuming, such as in 'お金を使う (おかねをつかう) (to spend money)'. It is important to note that '使う' is often used in combination with other verbs to express the means or method of doing something, as in '使ってみる (つかってみる) (to try using)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

118

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Close

Reading

Kanji

閉Close, Shut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '閉まる (しまる)' means 'to close'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object and describes something closing on its own. This verb is often used to describe doors, windows, or shops closing. For example: The door closed「ドアが閉まった」(ドアがしまった). The store closes at 9 PM「店は9時に閉まる」(みせはくじにしまる). Note that '閉まる' is different from '閉める (しめる)', which is a transitive verb meaning 'to close something' (e.g., 'I closed the door'「ドアを閉めた」(ドアをしめた)).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

123

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Face, Oppose

Reading

Kanji

対Against

Explanation

The Japanese verb '対する (たいする)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to face' or 'to be opposite to', often used in a physical or metaphorical sense. The second meaning is 'to oppose' or 'to confront', indicating a stance against something. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical orientation, emotional confrontation, or opposition in opinions or actions. For example: The house faces the park「その家は公園に対する」(そのいえはこうえんにたいする). He opposed the new policy「彼は新しい政策に対した」(かれはあたらしいせいさくにたいした). It's important to note that '対する' often requires a particle like 'に' to indicate the target of the action.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

130

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'おく (oku)' primarily means 'to put' or 'to place'. It is used to describe the action of placing something in a specific location. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as placing objects, arranging items, or even setting something aside for later use. For example: I put the book on the table「本をテーブルに置く」(ほんをテーブルにおく). She placed the flowers in the vase「花を花瓶に置いた」(はなをかびんにおいた). Additionally, 'おく' can be used in compound verbs to indicate doing something in advance, such as '準備しておく (じゅんびしておく)' meaning 'to prepare in advance'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

138

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start, Take out

Reading

Kanji

出Exit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '出す (だす)' has multiple meanings depending on the context. One common meaning is 'to take out' or 'to remove something from a place'. For example: I took out the trash「ゴミを出した」(ごみをだした). Another meaning is 'to start' or 'to begin something'. For example: He started running「彼は走り出した」(かれははしりだした). The verb is versatile and can be used in various situations, such as taking out an object from a bag, starting a new activity, or even expressing the beginning of a natural phenomenon like rain starting to fall. It's important to pay attention to the context to understand which meaning is being used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

140

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Make, Create

Reading

Kanji

作Make

Explanation

The Japanese verb '作る (つくる)' primarily means 'to make' or 'to create'. It is used to describe the act of producing, constructing, or forming something. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, such as making food, creating art, or building objects. For example: I made dinner「夕食を作った」(ゆうしょくをつくった). She created a beautiful painting「彼女は美しい絵を作った」(かのじょはうつくしいえをつくった). The nuance of '作る' often implies a deliberate and thoughtful process of creation, whether it's something tangible or abstract.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

147

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Conduct

Reading

Kanji

行Go

Explanation

The Japanese verb '行う (おこなう)' means 'to conduct' or 'to carry out'. It is used to describe performing or executing an action, event, or task. This verb is often used in formal or official contexts, such as conducting a meeting, carrying out a ceremony, or performing a task. For example: The company will conduct a meeting「会社は会議を行う」(かいしゃはかいぎをおこなう). The ceremony was carried out smoothly「式典は円滑に行われた」(しきてんはえんかつにおこなわれた). Note that '行う' is typically used for planned or organized activities rather than spontaneous actions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

153

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Become known

Reading

Kanji

知Know

Explanation

The Japanese verb '知れる (しれる)' means 'to become known' or 'to be discovered'. It is often used to describe situations where information or secrets are gradually revealed or come to light. This verb can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on what is being revealed. For example: the truth became known「真実が知れた」(しんじつがしれた). His secret was discovered「彼の秘密が知れた」(かれのひみつがしれた). Note that '知れる' is often used in passive or indirect contexts, emphasizing that the information comes out without direct action from the subject.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

156

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Write

Reading

Kanji

書Write

Explanation

The Japanese verb '書く (かく)' means 'to write'. It is used to describe the action of writing something down, such as words, letters, or notes. This verb is commonly used in various contexts, from writing a letter to taking notes in class. For example: I write a letter「手紙を書く」(てがみをかく). She writes her name「彼女は名前を書く」(かのじょはなまえをかく). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe the act of composing or creating written content, such as writing a book or an article.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

161

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attach, Turn on

Reading

Kanji

付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付ける (つける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to attach' or 'to affix', referring to physically adding something to another object. For example: I attached a label to the box「箱にラベルを付けた」(はこにラベルをつけた). The second meaning is 'to turn on' (a device or light). For example: She turned on the light「彼女は電気を付けた」(かのじょはでんきをつけた). This verb is versatile and widely used in daily conversations. It can also imply adding something abstract, like skills or habits, as in 'to acquire a habit' (習慣を付ける, しゅうかんをつける).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

162

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive

Reading

Explanation

The Japanese verb 'もらう (morau)' means 'to receive' or 'to get something from someone'. It is often used to express receiving a favor, gift, or help from another person. The giver is typically marked with the particle 'から (kara)' or 'に (ni)'. For example: I received a book from my friend「友達から本をもらった」(ともだちからほんをもらった). She got help from her teacher「先生に助けてもらった」(せんせいにたすけてもらった). Note that 'もらう' often implies gratitude or appreciation for the act of receiving. It can also be used in a more casual sense, such as receiving permission or advice.

Part Of Speech

verb

Frequency

169

Composition

hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Teach

Reading

Kanji

教Teach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '教える (おしえる)' means 'to teach'. It is used when someone imparts knowledge, skills, or information to another person. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as teaching a subject, giving instructions, or sharing information. For example: I will teach you Japanese「日本語を教えます」(にほんごをおしえます). Can you teach me how to cook?「料理の仕方を教えてくれますか？」(りょうりのしかたをおしえてくれますか？). The verb can also imply showing or telling someone something they didn't know, as in 'He taught me the way to the station'「彼は駅への道を教えてくれた」(かれはえきへのみちをおしえてくれた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

170

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call, Hang

Reading

Kanji

掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '掛ける (かける)' has multiple meanings depending on the context. One primary meaning is 'to hang' something, such as hanging a picture on a wall. For example: I will hang the picture「絵を掛けます」(えをかけます). Another meaning is 'to call' someone, typically used in the context of making a phone call. For example: I will call my friend「友達に電話を掛けます」(ともだちにでんわをかけます). The verb is versatile and can be used in various situations, so understanding the context is crucial for accurate usage.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

172

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Obtain

Reading

Kanji

得Acquire

Explanation

The Japanese verb '得る (える)' means 'to obtain' or 'to gain'. It is used to express the acquisition of something, whether it be a physical object, knowledge, or an abstract concept. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: He obtained valuable experience「彼は貴重な経験を得た」(かれはきちょうなけいけんをえた). It is also used in negative forms to indicate something that is difficult or impossible to obtain, as in '得られない (えない)' (cannot obtain). Note that '得る' can sometimes be used in a more abstract sense, such as gaining understanding or insight.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

177

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Visible

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見える (みえる)' primarily means 'to be visible' or 'can be seen'. It is used to describe something that is within the range of vision or can be perceived by the eyes. This verb often implies that the subject is naturally visible without any particular effort. For example: The mountain is visible from here「ここから山が見える」(ここからやまがみえる). Additionally, '見える' can also be used to express the idea of 'seeming' or 'appearing' in a certain way, often based on visual perception. For example: She seems happy「彼女は幸せそうに見える」(かのじょはしあわせそうにみえる). It's important to note that '見える' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object, unlike its transitive counterpart '見る (みる)' which means 'to see'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

188

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Put in, Include

Reading

Kanji

入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '入れる (いれる)' primarily means 'to put in' or 'to include'. It is used when placing something into a container, space, or group. For example: Please put the book in the bag「本をカバンに入れてください」(ほんをかばんにいれてください). This verb can also mean 'to include' someone or something in a list or group. For example: We included him in the team「彼をチームに入れました」(かれをチームにいれました). The nuance of '入れる' often implies an action of adding or inserting something into a specific place or context.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

196

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Receive, Undergo

Reading

Kanji

受Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '受ける (うける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to receive', which can refer to receiving objects, messages, or even abstract things like attention or treatment. For example: I received a gift「プレゼントを受けた」(ぷれぜんとをうけた). The second meaning is 'to undergo', often used in contexts like taking a test or experiencing something. For example: I took an exam「試験を受けた」(しけんをうけた). The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, but its core meanings revolve around receiving or experiencing something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

205

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Attach, Follow

Reading

Kanji

付Attach

Explanation

The Japanese verb '付く (つく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to attach' or 'to stick to', referring to something physically adhering to another object. For example: the sticker sticks to the wall「シールが壁に付く」(シールがかべにつく). The second meaning is 'to follow' or 'to accompany', often used when someone or something follows another person or object. For example: the dog follows its owner「犬が飼い主に付く」(いぬがかいぬしにつく). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as relationships, physical attachment, or even abstract concepts like ideas or trends.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

212

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Differ, Be wrong

Reading

Kanji

違Differ, Different

Explanation

The Japanese verb '違う (ちがう)' primarily means 'to differ' or 'to be different'. It is used to indicate that something is not the same as something else. For example: Our opinions differ「私たちの意見は違う」(わたしたちのいけんはちがう). Additionally, '違う' can also mean 'to be wrong' or 'to be incorrect'. For example: You are wrong「あなたは違う」(あなたはちがう). This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to point out differences or to correct someone. It is important to note that '違う' is often used in negative sentences to indicate that something is not the case, as in 'それは違う (それはちがう) (That is not the case)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

220

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Start

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese verb '始める (はじめる)' means 'to start' or 'to begin'. It is used to indicate the beginning of an action, event, or process. This verb is often paired with another verb in its stem form to express starting to do something, such as '食べ始める (たべはじめる)' (to start eating). For example: I started studying Japanese「日本語を勉強し始めた」(にほんごをべんきょうしはじめた). She began to cry「彼女は泣き始めた」(かのじょはなきはじめた). The verb can also stand alone to indicate the start of something, like 'The meeting started「会議が始まった」(かいぎがはじまった)'. Note that '始める' is a transitive verb, so it often takes a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

221

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Call

Reading

Kanji

呼Invite, Call

Explanation

The Japanese verb '呼ぶ (よぶ)' primarily means 'to call'. It can be used in various contexts, such as calling someone's name, summoning someone, or inviting someone. For example: I called my friend「友達を呼んだ」(ともだちをよんだ). Please call the doctor「医者を呼んでください」(いしゃをよんでください). Additionally, '呼ぶ' can also mean 'to refer to' or 'to be called' in certain contexts, such as naming or labeling something. For example: This is called sushi「これは寿司と呼ばれます」(これはすしとよばれます). The verb is versatile and widely used in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

222

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give, Raise

Reading

Kanji

上Up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '上げる (あげる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to raise' or 'to lift up', which can refer to physically lifting something or increasing something like a price or status. For example: I raised my hand「手を上げた」(てをあげた). The second meaning is 'to give', often used when the giver is of equal or lower status than the receiver, or when the act of giving is done humbly. For example: I gave her a present「彼女にプレゼントを上げた」(かのじょにぷれぜんとをあげた). Note that '上げる' is often used in its te-form 'あげて' to indicate doing something for someone else, as in 'I'll do it for you「やってあげる」(やってあげる)'. The verb is versatile and context-dependent, so pay attention to the situation in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

225

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Pass, Exceed

Reading

Kanji

過Exceed, Error

Explanation

The Japanese verb '過ぎる (すぎる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to exceed' or 'to go beyond', often used to indicate that something has surpassed a certain limit or expectation. For example: The time has exceeded 10 minutes「時間が10分過ぎた」(じかんがじゅっぷんすぎた). The second meaning is 'to pass', as in time or a location. For example: The train has already passed the station「電車はもう駅を過ぎた」(でんしゃはもうえきをすぎた). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as 'to pass by' in terms of time: The summer has passed「夏が過ぎた」(なつがすぎた). The verb is often used in combination with other words to form compound verbs, such as '飲み過ぎる (のみすぎる)' meaning 'to drink too much'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

234

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feel

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '感ずる (かんずる)' means 'to feel' or 'to sense'. It is often used to describe a strong emotional or intuitive response to something. This verb is more formal and literary compared to its more common counterpart '感じる (かんじる)'. It can be used in various contexts, such as feeling emotions, sensing danger, or perceiving a change. Example sentences: I feel a sense of danger「危険を感ずる」(きけんをかんずる). She felt a deep sadness「彼女は深い悲しみを感ずる」(かのじょはふかいかなしみをかんずる). Note that '感ずる' is often used in written language or formal speech.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

246

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Kanji

続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese verb '続ける (つづける)' means 'to continue'. It is used to indicate the ongoing action of something, whether it be an activity, a state, or a process. This verb is often used in conjunction with other verbs to express the continuation of an action, such as '勉強を続ける (べんきょうをつづける)' which means 'to continue studying'. Example sentences include: I will continue to study Japanese「私は日本語を勉強し続けます」(わたしはにほんごをべんきょうしつづけます). He continued to run despite being tired「彼は疲れていたが走り続けた」(かれはつかれていたがはしりつづけた). The verb can also be used in its te-form to connect actions, such as '食べ続けて (たべつづけて)' meaning 'continuing to eat'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

248

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eat

Reading

Kanji

食Eat, Food

Explanation

The Japanese verb '食べる (たべる)' means 'to eat'. It is a common verb used to describe the action of consuming food. This verb is often used in daily conversations and can be conjugated to fit different tenses and levels of politeness. For example: I eat breakfast every morning「私は毎朝朝食を食べる」(わたしはまいあさちょうしょくをたべる). She is eating sushi now「彼女は今寿司を食べている」(かのじょはいますしをたべている). The verb '食べる' can also be used in various expressions and idiomatic phrases, making it a versatile and essential verb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

251

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Take, Hang

Reading

Kanji

掛Set, Hang

Explanation

The Japanese verb '掛かる (かかる)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'to hang', as in something being suspended or attached to something else. For example: a picture is hanging on the wall「壁に絵が掛かっている」(かべにえがかかっている). The second meaning is 'to take' (time, money, or effort), often used to describe the amount of time or resources required for something. For example: it takes 2 hours「2時間掛かる」(にじかんかかる). The verb is versatile and context-dependent, so pay attention to the surrounding words to determine which meaning is intended.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

263

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Rewrite

Reading

Kanji

書Write 直Straight, Repair

Explanation

The Japanese verb '書き直す (かきなおす)' means 'to rewrite'. This verb is used when someone wants to write something again, either to correct mistakes, improve the content, or change the format. It is commonly used in contexts like editing documents, revising essays, or reworking creative writing. For example: I will rewrite the letter「手紙を書き直します」(てがみをかきなおします). He rewrote the entire report「彼はレポート全体を書き直した」(かれはレポートぜんたいをかきなおした). The verb combines '書く (かく)' (to write) and '直す (なおす)' (to fix or redo), emphasizing the act of writing something again with improvements or corrections.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

266

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Change

Reading

Kanji

変Change, Abnormal

Explanation

The Japanese verb '変わる (かわる)' means 'to change'. It is used to describe a transformation or alteration in state, condition, or nature. This verb can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical changes to abstract shifts. For example: The weather changed suddenly「天気が急に変わった」(てんきがきゅうにかわった). Her attitude changed completely「彼女の態度が完全に変わった」(かのじょのたいどがかんぜんにかわった). It's important to note that '変わる' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express the act of changing something, the transitive verb '変える (かえる)' is used instead.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

268

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Read

Reading

Kanji

読Read

Explanation

The Japanese verb '読む (よむ)' means 'to read'. It is used to describe the action of reading written or printed material, such as books, newspapers, or documents. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to various contexts. For example: I read a book「本を読む」(ほんをよむ). He reads the newspaper every morning「彼は毎朝新聞を読む」(かれはまいあさしんぶんをよむ). Additionally, '読む' can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to interpret' or 'to understand' something, such as reading someone's emotions or intentions. For example: She can read people's feelings「彼女は人の気持ちを読むことができる」(かのじょはひとのきもちをよむことができる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

273

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Buy

Reading

Kanji

買Buy

Explanation

The Japanese verb '買う (かう)' means 'to buy'. It is used when purchasing goods or services. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as shopping, acquiring something, or even metaphorically to mean 'to incur' (e.g., trouble). For example: I bought a book「本を買った」(ほんをかった). She bought a new car「彼女は新しい車を買った」(かのじょはあたらしいくるまをかった). Note that '買う' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being purchased.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

279

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Live

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生きる (いきる)' means 'to live'. It is used to describe the state of being alive, existing, or continuing life. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that remains active, relevant, or meaningful. For example: I want to live a long life「長く生きたい」(ながくいきたい). This tradition still lives on「この伝統はまだ生きている」(このでんとうはまだいきている). The verb can also imply making the most of life or living with purpose, as in '彼は自分の夢のために生きている (かれはじぶんのゆめのためにいきている) (He lives for his dreams).'

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

285

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cut, Turn off

Reading

Kanji

切Cut

Explanation

The Japanese verb '切る (きる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to cut', which refers to physically cutting something, such as paper, food, or objects. For example: I cut the paper「紙を切る」(かみをきる). The second meaning is 'to turn off', which is used when referring to turning off devices, lights, or machinery. For example: Please turn off the light「電気を切ってください」(でんきをきってください). The verb is versatile and widely used in both literal and figurative contexts. It is important to note that the meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

297

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stand

Reading

Kanji

立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立つ (たつ)' primarily means 'to stand'. It is used to describe the action of being in an upright position on one's feet. This verb can also be used in various contexts to indicate the start of something, such as an event or a situation. For example: I stood up「私は立った」(わたしはたった). The meeting will start soon「会議がすぐに立つ」(かいぎがすぐにたつ). Additionally, '立つ' can be used metaphorically to describe something becoming prominent or noticeable, as in 'a problem has arisen'「問題が立った」(もんだいがたった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

305

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

帰Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '帰る (かえる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is commonly used to indicate returning to a place, such as one's home or a familiar location. This verb is often used in everyday conversation to describe going back home after work, school, or an outing. For example: I will return home「家に帰ります」(いえにかえります). He returned to his hometown「彼は故郷に帰った」(かれはふるさとにかえった). The verb can also imply a sense of returning to a state or condition, such as returning to normalcy. Note that '帰る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

317

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Talk, Speak

Reading

Kanji

話Talk

Explanation

The Japanese verb '話す (はなす)' primarily means 'to speak' or 'to talk'. It is used to describe the act of communicating verbally with someone. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as casual conversations, formal discussions, or storytelling. For example: I speak Japanese「私は日本語を話す」(わたしはにほんごをはなす). Let's talk about it「それについて話しましょう」(それについてはなししましょう). Note that '話す' often requires a particle like 'を' or 'と' to indicate the object of the conversation or the person being spoken to, as in '友達と話す (ともだちとはなす) (talk with a friend)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

319

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Feel

Reading

Kanji

感Feeling, Sensation

Explanation

The Japanese verb '感じる (かんじる)' means 'to feel'. It is used to express the perception of physical sensations, emotions, or impressions. This verb can describe both tangible and intangible feelings, such as touch, emotions, or intuitive understanding. For example: I feel the warmth of the sun「太陽の暖かさを感じる」(たいようのあたたかさをかんじる). She felt a sense of relief「彼女は安堵を感じた」(かのじょはあんどをかんじた). It can also be used to express a sense of something, like 'I feel that something is wrong'「何かがおかしいと感じる」(なにかがおかしいとかんじる). The verb is versatile and commonly used in both casual and formal contexts.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

329

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Drink

Reading

Kanji

飲Drink

Explanation

The Japanese verb '飲む (のむ)' means 'to drink'. It is used to describe the action of consuming liquids, such as water, tea, or alcohol. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to various contexts. For example: I drink coffee every morning「毎朝コーヒーを飲む」(まいあさコーヒーをのむ). He drinks a lot of water「彼はたくさんの水を飲む」(かれはたくさんのみずをのむ). Additionally, '飲む' can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase 'to swallow (a story)'「話を飲む」(はなしをのむ), meaning to believe something without question.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

333

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Cloud, Gloom

Reading

Kanji

曇Cloudy

Explanation

The Japanese verb '曇る (くもる)' primarily means 'to become cloudy' or 'to cloud over', referring to the sky or weather. It can also metaphorically describe a person's mood or expression becoming gloomy or clouded. For example: The sky is cloudy today「今日は空が曇っている」(きょうはそらがくもっている). Her face clouded with sadness「彼女の顔は悲しみで曇った」(かのじょのかおはかなしみでくもった). This verb is commonly used in weather forecasts and everyday conversations about the weather or emotional states.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

335

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Kanji

示Show, Indicate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '示す (しめす)' means 'to show' or 'to indicate'. It is used to express the act of presenting something visibly or making something clear. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as showing evidence, indicating a direction, or demonstrating a concept. For example: He showed me the way「彼は私に道を示した」(かれはわたしにみちをしめした). The data indicates a clear trend「データは明確な傾向を示している」(データはめいかくなけいこうをしめしている). Note that '示す' often implies a deliberate or intentional act of showing or indicating something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

338

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Relate

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese verb '関する (かんする)' means 'to relate to' or 'to concern'. It is used to indicate a connection or relevance between two things. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This document relates to the new policy「この文書は新しい方針に関する」(このぶんしょはあたらしいほうしんにかんする). The discussion concerns environmental issues「その議論は環境問題に関する」(そのぎろんはかんきょうもんだいにかんする). Note that '関する' is typically followed by the particle 'に' to indicate the subject of relation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

341

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Give

Reading

Kanji

与Give, Involvement

Explanation

The Japanese verb '与える (あたえる)' means 'to give'. It is used to describe the act of providing something to someone, often in a formal or authoritative context. This verb can be used for tangible items, such as gifts or money, as well as intangible things like opportunities, rights, or responsibilities. For example: The teacher gave the students homework「先生は学生に宿題を与えた」(せんせいはがくせいにしゅくだいをあたえた). The government gave the citizens new rights「政府は市民に新しい権利を与えた」(せいふはしみんにあたらしいけんりをあたえた). Note that '与える' often implies a sense of authority or control over what is being given, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like 'あげる'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

343

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Eat, Receive

Reading

Kanji

頂Crown, Accept

Explanation

The Japanese verb '頂く (いただく)' is a humble form of 'もらう' (to receive) and '食べる' (to eat). It is used to express receiving something from someone of higher status or to humbly express eating or drinking. This verb conveys respect and gratitude towards the giver or the act of consuming. For example: I received a gift from the teacher「先生からプレゼントを頂きました」(せんせいからぷれぜんとをいただきました). I will eat this meal「この食事を頂きます」(このしょくじをいただきます). The verb is often used in formal situations or when showing politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

359

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Return

Reading

Kanji

戻Return

Explanation

The Japanese verb '戻る (もどる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is used to indicate the action of returning to a previous location, state, or condition. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to physical movement, such as returning home, or abstract concepts, like reverting to a previous state. For example: I will return home「家に戻ります」(いえにもどります). The situation returned to normal「状況が元に戻った」(じょうきょうがもとにもどった). Note that '戻る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express returning something, the transitive verb '戻す (もどす)' is used instead.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

363

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Open

Reading

Kanji

開Open

Explanation

The Japanese verb '開く (ひらく)' primarily means 'to open'. It is used to describe the action of opening something, such as a door, a book, or an event. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe opening opportunities or starting something new. For example: Please open the door「ドアを開いてください」(ドアをひらいてください). The store opens at 9 AM「その店は午前9時に開く」(そのみせはごぜんくじにひらく). Additionally, '開く' can be used in the context of events, such as 'The festival opens tomorrow'「その祭りは明日開く」(そのまつりはあしたひらく). Note that '開く' can also be read as 'あく', which has a slightly different nuance, often implying something opens by itself or is already open.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

366

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Die

Reading

Kanji

死Death

Explanation

The Japanese verb '死ぬ (しぬ)' means 'to die'. It is used to describe the act of ceasing to live, whether referring to humans, animals, or even plants. This verb is neutral in tone and can be used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: the bird died「鳥が死んだ」(とりがしんだ). He died in an accident「彼は事故で死んだ」(かれはじこでしんだ). It is important to note that '死ぬ' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. Additionally, it is often used in expressions like '死にたい (しにたい)' (want to die) or '死んでしまった (しんでしまった)' (has died), which convey strong emotional states or irreversible outcomes.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

368

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Follow, Obey

Reading

Kanji

従Follow, Obey

Explanation

The Japanese verb '従う (したがう)' can mean 'to obey' or 'to follow'. When used to mean 'obey', it refers to complying with rules, orders, or authority. For example: obey the law「法律に従う」(ほうりつにしたがう). When used to mean 'follow', it can refer to following a path, a sequence, or someone's lead. For example: follow the instructions「指示に従う」(しじにしたがう). The verb can also imply following a natural course or logic, such as in: the river follows the valley「川は谷に従って流れる」(かわはたににしたがってながれる).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

369

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stop

Reading

Kanji

止Stop

Explanation

The Japanese verb '止める (やめる)' means 'to stop' or 'to quit'. It is commonly used to indicate the cessation of an action, habit, or activity. For example: I stopped smoking「タバコをやめました」(たばこをやめました). She quit her job「彼女は仕事をやめた」(かのじょはしごとをやめた). This verb can also imply giving up something permanently or temporarily, depending on the context. It is often used in everyday conversations to express the act of discontinuing something.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

373

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request, Wish

Reading

Kanji

願Request, Wish

Explanation

The Japanese verb '願う (ねがう)' has two primary meanings: 'to wish' and 'to request'. When used to mean 'to wish', it expresses a desire or hope for something, often in a formal or earnest manner. For example: I wish for your happiness「あなたの幸せを願います」(あなたのしあわせをねがいます). When used to mean 'to request', it implies asking for something politely or formally, often in a written or official context. For example: I request your understanding「ご理解を願います」(ごりかいをねがいます). The verb is commonly used in formal settings, such as letters, speeches, or prayers, and carries a tone of sincerity and respect.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

374

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Walk

Reading

Kanji

歩Walk

Explanation

The Japanese verb '歩く (あるく)' means 'to walk'. It is used to describe the action of moving on foot at a regular pace. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be applied to various contexts, such as walking to a destination, taking a stroll, or simply moving from one place to another on foot. For example: I walk to school every day「私は毎日学校に歩く」(わたしはまいにちがっこうであるく). Let's walk in the park「公園を歩きましょう」(こうえんであるきましょう). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe progress or movement in a non-literal sense, such as 'walking through life'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

384

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Wait

Reading

Kanji

待Wait

Explanation

The Japanese verb '待つ (まつ)' means 'to wait'. It is used to describe the action of staying in a place or delaying action until a particular time or event occurs. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be paired with various particles to indicate what or whom one is waiting for. For example: I will wait for you「あなたを待つ」(あなたをまつ). Please wait a moment「ちょっと待ってください」(ちょっとまってください). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as waiting for an opportunity or waiting for something to happen. It is important to note that '待つ' is often used in its te-form '待って (まって)' when making requests or giving instructions.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

385

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Kanji

求Request, Seek

Explanation

The Japanese verb '求める (もとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to seek' or 'to look for', which is used when someone is searching for something, such as an object, information, or a solution. For example: He is seeking the truth「彼は真実を求めている」(かれはしんじつをもとめている). The second meaning is 'to request' or 'to demand', which is used when someone asks for something or requires a specific action. For example: The company requested a detailed report「会社は詳細なレポートを求めた」(かいしゃはしょうさいなレポートをもとめた). The verb can also imply a sense of necessity or desire, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

389

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Admit, Acknowledge

Reading

Kanji

認Recognize, Admit

Explanation

The Japanese verb '認める (みとめる)' primarily means 'to acknowledge' or 'to admit'. It is used when recognizing or accepting the existence, truth, or validity of something. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as acknowledging a fact, admitting a mistake, or recognizing someone's achievements. For example: He acknowledged his mistake「彼は自分の間違いを認めた」(かれはじぶんのまちがいをみとめた). The company admitted the problem「会社は問題を認めた」(かいしゃはもんだいをみとめた). It's important to note that '認める' can also imply a formal or official recognition, such as in legal or professional settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

411

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Meet

Reading

Kanji

会Meet

Explanation

The Japanese verb '会う (あう)' means 'to meet'. It is used when referring to meeting someone, either intentionally or by chance. This verb is commonly used in social contexts and can imply a face-to-face meeting. For example: I met my friend at the station「駅で友達に会った」(えきでともだちにあった). Let's meet tomorrow「明日会いましょう」(あしたあいましょう). It is important to note that '会う' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the person being met, as in '友達に会う (ともだちにあう) (to meet a friend)'.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

412

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Kanji

続Continue

Explanation

The Japanese verb '続く (つづく)' means 'to continue' or 'to last'. It is used to describe an ongoing action, state, or sequence without interruption. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as events, time, or physical phenomena. For example: The rain continued for three days「雨が三日間続いた」(あめがみっかかんつづいた). The road continues straight ahead「道はまっすぐ続いている」(みちはまっすぐつづいている). Additionally, '続く' can imply a connection or sequence, as in 'The story continues in the next chapter'「物語は次の章に続く」(ものがたりはつぎのしょうにつづく). It is a versatile verb often used in both formal and informal settings.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

420

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Head, Face

Reading

Kanji

向Facing, Yonder

Explanation

The Japanese verb '向かう (むかう)' can mean 'to head (toward)' or 'to face (a direction or situation)'. It is used to indicate movement toward a destination or confronting a situation. For example: he is heading toward the station「彼は駅に向かっている」(かれはえきにむかっている). We must face the challenges「私たちは課題に向かわなければならない」(わたしたちはかだいにむかわなければならない). The verb can also imply a sense of purpose or determination in the direction one is moving or facing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

437

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Born

Reading

Kanji

生Life

Explanation

The Japanese verb '生まれる (うまれる)' means 'to be born'. It is used to describe the event of coming into existence, typically referring to the birth of a living being. This verb is often used in the context of someone's birth or the origin of something. For example: I was born in Tokyo「私は東京で生まれました」(わたしはとうきょうでうまれました). A new idea was born「新しいアイデアが生まれた」(あたらしいアイデアがうまれた). The verb is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object, and it is commonly used in the past tense to describe when someone or something was born.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

439

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Show

Reading

Kanji

見See

Explanation

The Japanese verb '見せる (みせる)' means 'to show' or 'to display'. It is used when someone presents or reveals something to another person, often with the intention of sharing information, proving a point, or allowing someone to see something. For example: I will show you the photo「写真を見せます」(しゃしんをみせます). She showed me her new dress「彼女は新しいドレスを見せた」(かのじょはあたらしいドレスをみせた). The verb can also imply a sense of demonstration or exhibition, as in 'He showed his skills'「彼は自分のスキルを見せた」(かれはじぶんのスキルをみせた). Note that the verb often takes an indirect object marked by 'に' to indicate to whom something is shown, as in 'I showed it to my friend'「友達に見せた」(ともだちにみせた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

448

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Hit, Win

Reading

Kanji

当Hit, Appropriate

Explanation

The Japanese verb '当たる (あたる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to hit' or 'to strike', often used in the context of something physically hitting or coming into contact with something else. For example: The ball hit the wall「ボールが壁に当たった」(ボールがかべにあたった). The second meaning is 'to win', typically used in the context of winning a prize or lottery. For example: I won the lottery「宝くじに当たった」(たからくじにあたった). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when guessing correctly or being right about something. For instance: My guess was right「私の予想が当たった」(わたしのよそうがあたった). The context in which '当たる' is used will determine its specific meaning, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words and phrases.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

456

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

End

Reading

Kanji

終End

Explanation

The Japanese verb '終わる (おわる)' means 'to end' or 'to finish'. It is used to describe the conclusion of an event, activity, or period of time. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: The meeting ended「会議が終わった」(かいぎがおわった). The movie will end soon「映画はもうすぐ終わる」(えいがはもうすぐおわる). When used in the passive form, it can imply that something has come to an end naturally or without direct intervention, as in 'The party ended without any problems'「パーティーは問題なく終わった」(パーティーはもんだいなくおわった).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

457

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Ride, Board

Reading

Kanji

乗Ride

Explanation

The Japanese verb '乗る (のる)' primarily means 'to ride' or 'to board'. It is used when getting on or into a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or bicycle. For example: I will ride the train「電車に乗る」(でんしゃにのる). She boarded the bus「彼女はバスに乗った」(かのじょはバスにのった). Additionally, it can be used metaphorically, such as 'to go along with' or 'to take advantage of', as in 'to ride the wave of success'. However, the most common usage is related to transportation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

469

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Remain

Reading

Kanji

残Remainder

Explanation

The Japanese verb '残る (のこる)' means 'to remain' or 'to be left over'. It is used to describe something that stays behind or continues to exist after other things have been removed, used, or have disappeared. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physical objects, time, or abstract concepts. For example: There is still some food left「まだ食べ物が残っている」(まだたべものがのこっている). Only a few minutes remain「あと数分しか残っていない」(あとすうふんしかのこっていない). The memory of that day remains「あの日の記憶が残っている」(あのひのきおくがのこっている). It is important to note that '残る' often implies that something is left in a state that was not originally intended or expected.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

471

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

State

Reading

Kanji

述State, Mention

Explanation

The Japanese verb '述べる (のべる)' means 'to state' or 'to express'. It is used when someone is formally or clearly stating an opinion, fact, or explanation. This verb is often used in written or formal contexts, such as essays, reports, or speeches. For example: He stated his opinion clearly「彼は意見を述べた」(かれはけんをのべた). The professor explained the theory in detail「教授は理論を詳しく述べた」(きょうじゅはりろんをくわしくのべた). Note that '述べる' carries a nuance of formality and clarity, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like '言う (いう)' (to say).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

476

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Add

Reading

Kanji

足Foot, Sufficient

Explanation

The Japanese verb '足す (たす)' means 'to add'. It is commonly used in mathematical contexts or when combining quantities. For example: add sugar to the tea「お茶に砂糖を足す」(おちゃにさとうをたす). It can also be used metaphorically, such as adding effort to achieve something. Another example: add more effort to your work「仕事にもっと力を足す」(しごとにもっとちからをたす). The verb is often used in casual and formal settings alike, making it versatile in everyday conversation.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

487

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Be

Reading

Kanji

座Sit, Seat 御Honorable, General honorific term

Explanation

The Japanese verb '御座る (ござる)' is a humble or polite form of the verb 'to be'. It is often used in formal or respectful contexts, such as when speaking to someone of higher status or in ceremonial settings. This verb is a more polite version of 'ある (aru)' or 'いる (iru)', which also mean 'to be'. For example: The book is here「本が御座います」(ほんがございます). The teacher is present「先生が御座います」(せんせいがございます). It's important to note that 'ござる' is often conjugated to 'ございます' in modern usage to show even greater politeness.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

497

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Stand, Establish

Reading

Kanji

立Stand

Explanation

The Japanese verb '立てる (たてる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stand', which refers to causing something to stand upright or to set something in an upright position. For example: I stood the broom in the corner「ほうきを隅に立てた」(ほうきをすみにたてた). The second meaning is 'to establish', which refers to creating or setting up something, such as a plan, theory, or organization. For example: They established a new company「彼らは新しい会社を立てた」(かれらはあたらしいかいしゃをたてた). The verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts depending on the object it is paired with.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

499

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Answer

Reading

Kanji

答Answer

Explanation

The Japanese verb '答える (こたえる)' means 'to answer'. It is used when responding to a question, request, or situation. This verb is commonly paired with the particle 'に' to indicate what is being answered. For example: I answered the question「質問に答えた」(しつもんにこたえた). He answered politely「彼は丁寧に答えた」(かれはていねいにこたえた). Note that '答える' can also imply a response to a challenge or expectation, such as in '期待に答える (きたいにこたえる)' (to live up to expectations).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

510

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Work

Reading

Kanji

働Work

Explanation

The Japanese verb '働く (はたらく)' means 'to work'. It is commonly used to describe the act of performing a job or labor, whether in a professional, physical, or general sense. This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as working at a company, working hard, or even functioning (e.g., a machine). For example: I work at a company「私は会社で働く」(わたしはかいしゃではたらく). The machine works well「その機械はよく働く」(そのきかいよくはたらく). Note that '働く' is often used in formal and informal settings alike, making it a fundamental verb in Japanese.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

513

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Send

Reading

Kanji

送Send

Explanation

The Japanese verb '送る (おくる)' primarily means 'to send'. It is used when referring to sending physical items, such as letters or packages, as well as abstract things like messages or emails. For example: I will send a letter「手紙を送ります」(てがみをおくります). He sent me an email「彼は私にメールを送りました」(かれはわたしにメールをおくりました). Additionally, '送る' can also be used in the context of spending time or seeing someone off, but these uses are less common and context-dependent. For example: We spent a peaceful evening「平和な夜を送りました」(へいわなよるをおくりました). I saw my friend off at the station「友達を駅で送りました」(ともだちをえきでおくりました).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

517

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Begin

Reading

Kanji

始Begin

Explanation

The Japanese verb '始まる (はじまる)' means 'to begin' or 'to start'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. This verb is commonly used to indicate the start of events, activities, or processes. For example: The meeting will begin soon「会議はすぐに始まります」(かいぎはすぐにはじまります). The festival starts tomorrow「祭りは明日始まります」(まつりはあしたはじまります). Note that '始まる' is often used in contrast to '始める (はじめる)', which is the transitive form of the verb and requires a direct object. For instance, '始める' would be used when someone starts something, like 'I will start the project'「プロジェクトを始めます」(ぷろじぇくとをはじめます).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

519

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Like

Reading

Kanji

気Spirit 入Enter

Explanation

The Japanese verb '気に入る (きにいる)' means 'to like' or 'to be fond of'. It is used to express that someone finds something pleasing or to their taste. This phrase is often used when talking about preferences for objects, places, or even people. For example: I really like this bag「このバッグがとても気に入る」(このバッグがとてもきにいる). She likes the new cafe「彼女は新しいカフェを気に入る」(かのじょはあたらしいカフェをきにいる). Note that '気に入る' is often used in its past tense form '気に入った (きにいった)' to indicate that something has been liked or found pleasing.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

523

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Contain, Include

Reading

Kanji

含Contain, Include

Explanation

The Japanese verb '含む (ふくむ)' primarily means 'to include' or 'to contain'. It is used to indicate that something is part of a larger whole or that something holds something else within it. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as in discussions about ingredients, components, or abstract concepts. For example: This drink contains alcohol「この飲み物はアルコールを含む」(こののみものはアルコールをふくむ). The price includes tax「その価格は税を含む」(そのかかくはぜいをふくむ). It can also be used metaphorically, as in 'Her words contained a hidden meaning'「彼女の言葉には隠された意味が含まれていた」(かのじょのことばにはかくされたいみがふくまれていた).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

528

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Happen

Reading

Kanji

起Wake up

Explanation

The Japanese verb '起こる (おこる)' means 'to happen' or 'to occur'. It is used to describe events or incidents that take place, often unexpectedly or naturally. This verb is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: An accident happened「事故が起こった」(じこがおこった). A big earthquake occurred「大きな地震が起こった」(おおきなじしんがおこった). The verb '起こる' is intransitive, meaning it does not take a direct object. It is often used with natural phenomena, accidents, or significant events. Note that '起こる' is different from '起きる (おきる)', which can mean 'to wake up' or 'to occur' but is more commonly used for waking up.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

531

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Involve

Reading

Kanji

関Barrier, Related

Explanation

The Japanese verb '関わる (かかわる)' means 'to be involved in' or 'to relate to'. It is used to describe a connection, involvement, or relevance to a particular matter, situation, or person. This verb often implies a significant or meaningful connection rather than a superficial one. For example: This decision involves everyone「この決定は全員に関わる」(このけっていはぜんいんにかかわる). His work is related to environmental issues「彼の仕事は環境問題に関わる」(かれのしごとはかんきょうもんだいにかかわる). The verb can also be used in negative contexts, such as 'I don't want to be involved in this matter'「この件には関わりたくない」(このけんにはかかわりたくない).

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

533

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting

word

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Kanji

忘Forget

Explanation

The Japanese verb '忘れる (わすれる)' means 'to forget'. It is used when someone fails to remember something, whether it be information, an event, or an object. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as forgetting a task, a person, or even one's own belongings. For example: I forgot my wallet「財布を忘れました」(さいふをわすれました). Don't forget to call me「電話するのを忘れないで」(でんわするのをわすれないで). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as forgetting a feeling or a past experience. It is important to note that '忘れる' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object that is forgotten.

Part Of Speech

verb

Kanji JLPT

Kanji Grade

Frequency

534

Composition

kanji-hiragana

Handwriting