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Nihongo

Classroom

Jōyō KanjiOrganized by School Grade

Second Grade

 

    kanji

    Meaning

    Stop

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ya

    to

    onyomi

    shi

    Parts

    Up Stick

    Example Word

    中止: cancellation. The Japanese verbal noun '中止 (ちゅうし)' means 'cancellation' or 'suspension'. It refers to the act of stopping or discontinuing an event, activity, or process before its completion. This term is often used in formal contexts, such as canceling events, meetings, or operations due to unforeseen circumstances. For example: The event was canceled due to rain「イベントは雨で中止になった」(イベントはあめでちゅうしになった). The meeting was suspended「会議は中止された」(かいぎはちゅうしされた). It is important to note that '中止' implies a deliberate decision to stop something, often due to external factors.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    4

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    365

    Radical Form

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Spring

    Reading

    kunyomiはる

    haru

    onyomiしゅん

    shun

    Parts

    Day, Sun 𡗗Folded hands

    Example Word

    青春: youth. The Japanese noun '青春 (せいしゅん)' refers to the period of one's life associated with youth, typically the teenage years or early adulthood. It carries a nostalgic and emotional connotation, often evoking memories of vitality, dreams, and the challenges of growing up. This term is frequently used in literature, music, and everyday conversation to describe the fleeting and precious nature of youth. Example sentences: I miss my youth「青春が懐かしい」(せいしゅんがなつかしい). He spent his youth studying「彼は青春を勉強に費やした」(かれはせいしゅんをべんきょうについやした).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    9

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    378

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Picture

    Reading

    onyomiかく

    kaku

    ga

    Parts

    One Open box Reason

    Example Word

    絵画: painting. The Japanese noun '絵画 (かいが)' refers to 'painting' as an art form. It is used to describe works of art created with paint, typically on canvas or paper. This term is often used in formal or artistic contexts. For example: I like this painting「この絵画が好きです」(このかいががすきです). The museum has many paintings「美術館には多くの絵画があります」(びじゅつかんにはおおくのかいががあります). The word can also refer to the broader category of visual art, but it is most commonly associated with painted works.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    8

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    384

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Corner, Angle

    Reading

    kunyomiかど

    kado

    つの

    tsuno

    onyomiかく

    kaku

    Parts

    Wrap Enclosure Soil

    Example Word

    三角: triangle. The Japanese noun '三角 (さんかく)' means 'triangle'. This word is used to describe a three-sided geometric shape or anything that resembles a triangle. It can be used in various contexts, such as mathematics, design, or everyday objects. For example: draw a triangle「三角を描いて」(さんかくをえがいて). The sandwich is cut into triangles「サンドイッチは三角に切られている」(サンドイッチはさんかくにきられている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe relationships or situations involving three parties, such as a love triangle.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    389

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Answer

    Reading

    kunyomiこた

    kota

    onyomiとう

    tou

    Parts

    Fit, Match Bamboo

    Example Word

    答え: answer. The Japanese noun '答え (こたえ)' means 'answer'. It is used to refer to a response to a question, problem, or situation. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: What is the answer?「答えは何ですか?」(こたえはなんですか?). I know the answer「答えを知っています」(こたえをしっています). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a solution or resolution to a problem. For instance: The answer to this problem is simple「この問題の答えは簡単です」(このもんだいのこたえはかんたんです).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    12

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    392

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Shop

    Reading

    kunyomiみせ

    mise

    たな

    tana

    onyomiてん

    ten

    Parts

    广Dotted cliff Fortune telling

    Example Word

    小売店: retail store. The Japanese noun '小売店 (こうりてん)' refers to a 'retail store', a place where goods are sold directly to consumers. This term is commonly used to describe shops, stores, or outlets that sell products in small quantities to the public. For example: There is a retail store near the station「駅の近くに小売店があります」(えきのちかくにこうりてんがあります). I bought this at a retail store「これを小売店で買いました」(これをこうりてんでかいました). The word is often used in contrast to wholesale businesses, which sell goods in bulk to other businesses rather than directly to consumers.

    Radical

    广

    Stroke Count

    8

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    406

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Temple

    Reading

    kunyomiてら

    tera

    onyomi

    ji

    Parts

    Soil Measurement

    Example Word

    寺院: temple. The Japanese noun '寺院 (じいん)' refers to a 'temple', specifically a Buddhist temple. This term is used to describe a place of worship and practice for Buddhists, often characterized by its architecture, statues, and religious activities. For example: I visited a famous temple「有名な寺院を訪れました」(ゆうめいなじいんをおとずれました). The temple is very old「その寺院はとても古いです」(そのじいんはとてもふるいです). It's important to note that '寺院' is distinct from '神社 (じんじゃ)', which refers to Shinto shrines.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    408

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Construction

    Reading

    onyomi

    ku

    こう

    kou

    Parts

    Down (下)One

    Example Word

    加工: processing. The Japanese verbal noun '加工 (かこう)' means 'processing'. It refers to the act of altering, modifying, or treating raw materials or data to create a finished product or result. This term is commonly used in contexts such as manufacturing, food production, and data handling. For example: The factory processes raw materials「工場は原料を加工する」(こうじょうはげんりょうをかこうする). This data needs further processing「このデータはさらに加工が必要だ」(このデータはさらにかこうがひつようだ). The word can also imply refinement or improvement, as in '加工食品 (かこうしょくひん) (processed food)'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    3

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    411

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Measure, Plan

    Reading

    kunyomiはか

    haka

    onyomiけい

    kei

    Parts

    Ten Say

    Example Word

    計上: inclusion. The Japanese noun '計上 (けいじょう)' refers to the act of including something in a calculation, budget, or report. It is often used in financial or business contexts to indicate that an amount or item has been accounted for. For example: The expenses were included in the budget「その費用は予算に計上された」(そのひょうはよさんにけいじょうされた). The company included the new project in its annual report「会社は新しいプロジェクトを年次報告書に計上した」(かいしゃはあたらしいプロジェクトをねんじほうこくしょにけいじょうした). This term is commonly used in formal or professional settings.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    9

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    422

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Valley

    Reading

    kunyomiたに

    tani

    onyomiこく

    koku

    Parts

    Mouth Person Katakana ha

    Example Word

    谷: valley. The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    427

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Wide

    Reading

    kunyomiひろ

    hiro

    onyomiこう

    kou

    Parts

    Private 广Dotted cliff

    Example Word

    広: wide. The Japanese prefix '広 (こう)' is derived from the kanji 広 and generally conveys the meaning of 'wide' or 'broad'. It is often used in compound words to indicate something expansive or extensive. For example, in the word '広場 (ひろば)', which means 'plaza' or 'open space', the prefix emphasizes the spaciousness of the area. Another example is '広告 (こうこく)', meaning 'advertisement', where the prefix suggests the broad dissemination of information. Example sentences: The park is wide「公園は広い」(こうえんはひろい). This advertisement is effective「この広告は効果的だ」(このこうこくはこうかてきだ).

    Radical

    广

    Stroke Count

    5

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    428

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    North

    Reading

    kunyomiきた

    kita

    onyomiほく

    hoku

    Parts

    Spoon Ice (水)Stick

    Example Word

    北東: northeast. The Japanese noun '北東 (ほくとう)' means 'northeast'. It is a compound word formed by combining '北 (きた)' meaning 'north' and '東 (ひがし)' meaning 'east'. This term is commonly used to indicate a direction or location. For example: the wind is blowing from the northeast「風が北東から吹いている」(かぜがほくとうからふいている). The city is located to the northeast of Tokyo「その都市は東京の北東に位置している」(そのとしはとうきょうのほくとうにいちしている). It is also used in weather forecasts and geographical descriptions.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    5

    JLPT

    N5

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    434

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Run

    Reading

    kunyomiはし

    hashi

    onyomiそう

    sou

    Parts

    Soil Stop (止)

    Example Word

    走る: run. The Japanese verb '走る (はしる)' means 'to run'. It is used to describe the action of moving quickly on foot, typically faster than walking. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as running in a race, running away from something, or even metaphorically, like a river running through a valley. For example: I run every morning「私は毎朝走る」(わたしはまいあさはしる). The river runs through the valley「川が谷間を走る」(かわがたにまをはしる). It's important to note that '走る' can also be used in compound verbs, such as '駆け走る (かけはしる)' which means 'to dash' or 'to sprint'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    438

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Chirp

    Reading

    kunyomi

    na

    onyomiめい

    mei

    Parts

    Mouth Bird

    Example Word

    悲鳴: scream. The Japanese noun '悲鳴 (ひめい)' refers to a scream or shriek, often one that is high-pitched and expresses fear, pain, or surprise. It is commonly used to describe the sound someone makes when they are startled, terrified, or in distress. For example: she let out a scream「彼女は悲鳴を上げた」(かのじょはひめいをあげた). The sound of a scream echoed through the forest「悲鳴が森に響いた」(ひめいがもりにひびいた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or event that causes extreme distress or panic, such as 'the stock market's scream (悲鳴) due to the crash'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    14

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    442

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Sell

    Reading

    kunyomi

    u

    onyomiばい

    bai

    Parts

    Samurai Hole

    Example Word

    売る: sell. The Japanese verb '売る (うる)' means 'to sell'. It is used when referring to the act of exchanging goods or services for money. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as selling items in a store, selling a car, or even selling an idea. For example: I will sell this book「この本を売ります」(このほんをうります). He sells vegetables at the market「彼は市場で野菜を売る」(かれはいちばでやさいをうる). The verb can also be used in its negative form to indicate not selling something, as in '売らない (うらない) (not sell)'. Additionally, it can be combined with other verbs to form compound verbs, such as '売り切れる (うりきれる) (to sell out)'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    463

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    City, Market

    Reading

    kunyomiいち

    ichi

    onyomi

    shi

    Parts

    Lid Towel

    Example Word

    市場: market. The Japanese noun '市場 (しじょう)' primarily means 'market'. This word refers to a physical place where goods are bought and sold, such as a farmer's market or a fish market. It can also refer to an economic market, such as the stock market or a specific industry market. For example: I went to the fish market「魚市場に行きました」(さかなしじょうにいきました). The stock market is unstable today「株式市場は今日不安定です」(かぶしきしじょうはきょうふあんていです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a competitive environment, such as in 'the job market'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    5

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    468

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Mix

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ka

    ma

    まじ

    maji

    onyomiこう

    kou

    Parts

    Lid Father

    Example Word

    交代: alternation or relief. The Japanese noun '交代 (こうたい)' refers to the act of taking turns or replacing someone or something. It can mean 'relief' in the sense of one person taking over a duty from another, or 'alternation' in the sense of a regular change between different states or people. For example: The team made a player substitution「チームは選手交代をした」(チームはせんしゅこうたいをした). There is a shift change at the factory every eight hours「工場では8時間ごとに交代がある」(こうじょうでは8じかんごとにこうたいがある). This term is commonly used in sports, work environments, and any situation involving rotation or replacement.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    470

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Buy

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ka

    onyomiばい

    bai

    Parts

    Shellfish Net

    Example Word

    買う: buy. The Japanese verb '買う (かう)' means 'to buy'. It is used when purchasing goods or services. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as shopping, acquiring something, or even metaphorically to mean 'to incur' (e.g., trouble). For example: I bought a book「本を買った」(ほんをかった). She bought a new car「彼女は新しい車を買った」(かのじょはあたらしいくるまをかった). Note that '買う' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being purchased.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    12

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    472

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Section, Department

    Reading

    onyomi

    ka

    Parts

    Ladle, Dipper Cereal

    Example Word

    小児科: pediatrics. The Japanese noun '小児科 (しょうにか)' refers to the medical field of pediatrics, which is the branch of medicine dealing with the health and medical care of infants, children, and adolescents. This term is commonly used in medical contexts, such as hospitals or clinics, to denote the department or specialty focused on children's health. For example: I work in pediatrics「私は小児科で働いています」(わたしはしょうにかではたらいています). My child is being treated in the pediatrics department「私の子供は小児科で治療を受けています」(わたしのこどもはしょうにかでちりょうをうけています).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    9

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    473

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Association, Group

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ku

    くみ

    kumi

    onyomi

    so

    Parts

    Thread Moreover, Also

    Example Word

    組み合わせる: combine. The Japanese verb '組み合わせる (くみあわせる)' means 'to combine' or 'to put together'. It is used when referring to the act of joining or mixing different elements, parts, or ideas to create something new or functional. This verb is often used in contexts like cooking, design, or problem-solving. For example: combine these ingredients「これらの材料を組み合わせてください」(これらのざいりょうをくみあわせてください). We combined our ideas to solve the problem「私たちは問題を解決するためにアイデアを組み合わせました」(わたしたちはもんだいをかいけつするためにアイデアをくみあわせました). Note that this verb can also imply a thoughtful or strategic combination, not just a random mix.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    11

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    489

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Bird

    Reading

    kunyomiとり

    tori

    onyomiちょう

    chou

    Parts

    White One Fire (火)Wrap

    Example Word

    焼き鳥: grilled chicken. The Japanese noun '焼き鳥 (やきとり)' refers to 'grilled chicken skewers', a popular dish in Japan. It typically consists of bite-sized pieces of chicken grilled on skewers, often seasoned with salt or a tare sauce (a sweet soy-based glaze). This dish is commonly enjoyed at izakayas (Japanese pubs) or street food stalls. Example sentences: I ate grilled chicken skewers at the festival「祭りで焼き鳥を食べた」(まつりでやきとりをたべた). Let's go eat grilled chicken skewers tonight「今夜は焼き鳥を食べに行こう」(こんやはやきとりをたべにいこう). Note that while '焼き鳥' primarily refers to chicken, some variations may include other meats or vegetables.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    11

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    491

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    South

    Reading

    kunyomiみなみ

    minami

    onyomiなん

    nan

    Parts

    Ten Enclosure Sheep

    Example Word

    南北: north south. The Japanese noun '南北 (なんぼく)' refers to the concept of 'north and south' or the direction spanning from north to south. It is often used to describe geographical orientation, such as the layout of a country, region, or even a room. For example: Japan stretches from north to south「日本は南北に長い」(にほんはなんぼくにながい). The road runs north-south「その道は南北に走っている」(そのみちはなんぼくにはしっている). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe opposing or contrasting directions, such as in politics or opinions.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    9

    JLPT

    N5

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    493

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Line

    Reading

    onyomiせん

    sen

    Parts

    Thread Spring, Fountain

    Example Word

    地平線: horizon. The Japanese noun '地平線 (ちへいせん)' refers to the 'horizon', the line where the earth's surface and the sky appear to meet. It is commonly used in both literal and poetic contexts to describe the visual boundary between land or sea and the sky. For example: The sun is setting on the horizon「地平線に太陽が沈んでいる」(ちへいせんにたいようがしずんでいる). I saw a ship on the horizon「地平線に船が見えた」(ちへいせんにふねがみえた). This word is often used in literature and everyday conversation to evoke a sense of vastness or distance.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    15

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    500

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Cloud

    Reading

    kunyomiくも

    kumo

    onyomiうん

    un

    Parts

    Rain Say

    Example Word

    雲: cloud. The Japanese noun '雲 (くも)' means 'cloud'. It refers to the visible mass of water droplets or ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. This word is commonly used in weather-related contexts or to describe the sky. For example: There are many clouds in the sky「空に雲がたくさんある」(そらにくもがたくさんある). The clouds are white「雲は白い」(くもはしろい). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something vague or unclear, such as 'a cloud of doubt'「疑いの雲」(うたがいのくも).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    12

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    517

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Younger brother

    Reading

    kunyomiおとうと

    otouto

    onyomiだい

    dai

    てい

    tei

    Parts

    丿Katakana no Bow Stick Divide

    Example Word

    弟: younger brother. The Japanese noun '弟 (おとうと)' means 'younger brother'. It specifically refers to a male sibling who is younger than the speaker. This term is commonly used in family contexts and is neutral in tone. For example: my younger brother is kind「私の弟は優しい」(わたしのおとうとはやさしい). I have a younger brother「私は弟がいます」(わたしはおとうとがいます). Note that '弟' is used only for younger brothers; older brothers are referred to as '兄 (あに)'. The term does not change based on the speaker's gender.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    518

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Meat

    Reading

    onyomiにく

    niku

    Parts

    Inside Person

    Example Word

    皮肉: irony or sarcasm. The Japanese adjectival noun '皮肉 (ひにく)' can mean both 'sarcasm' and 'irony'. It is used to describe situations, remarks, or expressions that convey a meaning opposite to what is literally stated, often with a mocking or critical tone. For example: His sarcastic remark hurt her feelings「彼の皮肉な発言は彼女の気持ちを傷つけた」(かれのひにくなはつげんはかのじょのきもちをきずつけた). It's ironic that the firefighter's house burned down「消防士の家が燃えたのは皮肉だ」(しょうぼうしのいえがもえたのはひにくだ). The word can also be used to describe situations where the outcome is contrary to what was expected, highlighting a twist of fate or unexpected result.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    522

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Autumn

    Reading

    kunyomiあき

    aki

    onyomiしゅう

    shuu

    Parts

    Fire Cereal

    Example Word

    秋風: autumn wind. The Japanese noun '秋風 (あきかぜ)' literally translates to 'autumn wind'. It refers to the cool, refreshing wind that blows during the autumn season. This term is often used in poetry and literature to evoke the atmosphere of autumn. For example: The autumn wind feels refreshing「秋風が爽やかだ」(あきかぜがさわやかだ). The autumn wind blows through the trees「秋風が木々を吹き抜ける」(あきかぜがきぎをふきぬける). This word captures the essence of the season and is commonly used to describe the characteristic wind of autumn.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    9

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    527

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Every

    Reading

    onyomiまい

    mai

    Parts

    𠂉Person (人)Mother

    Example Word

    毎朝: every morning. The Japanese noun '毎朝 (まいあさ)' means 'every morning'. It is used to describe something that happens or is done each morning without exception. This word is often used in daily conversations to talk about routines or habits. For example: I drink coffee every morning「毎朝コーヒーを飲みます」(まいあさコーヒーをのみます). She goes jogging every morning「彼女は毎朝ジョギングをします」(かのじょはまいあさジョギングをします). The word '毎朝' is a combination of '毎' (every) and '朝' (morning), and it is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N5

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    529

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Round

    Reading

    kunyomiまる

    maru

    onyomiがん

    gan

    Parts

    Dot Nine

    Example Word

    日の丸: japan flag. The Japanese noun '日の丸 (ひのまる)' refers to the national flag of Japan, which features a red circle (representing the sun) on a white background. This term is often used to symbolize Japan itself or Japanese identity. For example: The Japanese flag is called '日の丸'「日本の国旗は日の丸と呼ばれます」(にほんのこっきはひのまとよばれます). The '日の丸' fluttered in the wind「日の丸が風にはためいていた」(ひのまるがかぜにはためいていた). The term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and history, and it is commonly seen at official events, schools, and during national holidays.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    3

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    545

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Hometown

    Reading

    kunyomiさと

    sato

    onyomi

    ri

    Parts

    Rice field Soil

    Example Word

    里: village. The Japanese noun '里 (さと)' refers to a 'village' or a rural area, often contrasting with urban areas. It carries a sense of nostalgia and simplicity, evoking images of traditional Japanese countryside life. This word is commonly used in literature and poetry to depict idyllic rural settings. For example: I returned to my hometown village「私は里に帰りました」(わたしはさとかえりました). The village is surrounded by mountains「里は山に囲まれている」(さとはやまにかこまれている). Additionally, '里' can sometimes refer to a foster home or a place where someone is raised, as in '里親 (さとおや)' (foster parent).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    556

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Rice

    Reading

    kunyomiこめ

    kome

    onyomiまい

    mai

    べい

    bei

    Parts

    Divide Tree, Wood

    Example Word

    日米: Japan United States. The Japanese noun '日米 (にちべい)' refers to the relationship or matters involving both Japan and the United States. It is a compound word combining '日' (にち), meaning 'Japan', and '米' (べい), meaning 'America' or 'US'. This term is often used in contexts discussing diplomatic relations, trade agreements, cultural exchanges, or comparative studies between the two countries. For example: The Japan-US relationship is strong「日米関係は強い」(にちべいかんけいはつよい). The Japan-US trade agreement was signed「日米貿易協定が調印された」(にちべいぼうえききょうていがちょういんされた).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    565

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Map

    Reading

    kunyomiはか

    haka

    onyomi

    to

    zu

    Parts

    Box Ladle, Dipper

    Example Word

    地図: map. The Japanese noun '地図 (ちず)' means 'map'. It refers to a visual representation of an area, showing physical features, cities, roads, etc. This word is commonly used in everyday situations, such as when navigating or planning trips. For example: I bought a map of Tokyo「東京の地図を買いました」(とうきょうのちずをかいました). Can you show me the map?「地図を見せてくれますか?」(ちずをみせてくれますか?). It is also used in compound words like '世界地図 (せかいちず)' (world map) or '地下鉄地図 (ちかてつちず)' (subway map).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    576

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Fur

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ke

    onyomiもう

    mou

    Parts

    Depend 丿Katakana no

    Example Word

    髪の毛: hair. The Japanese noun '髪の毛 (かみのけ)' refers to 'hair' on the head. It is specifically used to describe the strands of hair growing from the scalp. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to both human and animal hair. For example: Her hair is long「彼女の髪の毛は長い」(かのじょのかみのけはながい). I washed my hair「髪の毛を洗った」(かみのけをあらった). The term is neutral and can be used in various contexts, such as describing hair length, texture, or condition.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    4

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    602

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Sword

    Reading

    kunyomi

    chi

    かたな

    katana

    onyomiとう

    tou

    Parts

    丿Katakana no 𠃌Enclosure

    Example Word

    刀: sword. The Japanese noun '刀 (かたな)' refers to a traditional Japanese sword, particularly the single-edged, curved blade used by samurai. It is a culturally significant weapon in Japan, often associated with the samurai class and martial arts. The term can also be used more broadly to refer to any type of sword, but it is most commonly associated with the katana. Example sentences: He owns a beautiful sword「彼は美しい刀を持っている」(かれはうつくしいかたなをもっている). The sword is sharp「その刀は鋭い」(そのかたなはするどい).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    2

    JLPT

    N1

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    603

    Radical Form

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Revolve, Times

    Reading

    kunyomiまわ

    mawa

    onyomiかい

    kai

    Parts

    Mouth

    Example Word

    身の回り: surroundings or belongings. The Japanese noun '身の回り (みのまわり)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'surroundings', referring to the immediate environment or area around a person. The second meaning is 'belongings', referring to personal items or things one uses daily. For example: She keeps her surroundings clean「彼女は身の回りをきれいにしている」(かのじょはみのまわりをきれいにしている). He organized his belongings「彼は身の回りのものを整理した」(かれはみのまわりのものをせいりした). The word is often used in contexts related to personal care, organization, or daily life.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    613

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Picture

    Reading

    onyomiかい

    kai

    e

    Parts

    Thread Meet

    Example Word

    絵葉書: postcard. The Japanese noun '絵葉書 (えはがき)' refers to a 'postcard', specifically one that features a picture or illustration, often used for sending messages or greetings. This term combines '絵 (え)' meaning 'picture' and '葉書 (はがき)' meaning 'postcard'. It is commonly used in contexts where people send illustrated postcards from travel destinations or special occasions. For example: I bought a postcard at the museum「博物館で絵葉書を買いました」(はくぶつかんでえはがきをかいました). She sent me a beautiful postcard from Kyoto「彼女は京都からきれいな絵葉書を送ってくれました」(かのじょはきょうとからきれいなえはがきをおくってくれました).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    12

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    615

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Feather

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ha

    はね

    hane

    onyomi

    u

    Parts

    𠃌Enclosure Ice (水)

    Example Word

    羽根: feather. The Japanese noun '羽根 (はね)' primarily means 'feather'. It refers to the natural growth on birds that helps them fly. This word can also be used metaphorically or in various contexts, such as in traditional Japanese games or decorations. Example sentences: The bird has beautiful feathers「その鳥は美しい羽根を持っている」(そのとりはうつくしいはねをもっている). I found a feather on the ground「地面に羽根を見つけた」(じめんにはねをみつけた). Note that '羽根' can sometimes refer to the vanes of a shuttlecock in games like badminton, but the primary meaning remains 'feather'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    624

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Arrow

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ya

    onyomi

    shi

    Parts

    𠂉Person (人)Big

    Example Word

    矢張り: still or as expected. The Japanese adverb '矢張り (やはり)' can mean 'still' or 'as expected'. It is often used to express that something remains unchanged or that a situation has turned out as one anticipated. This word can convey a sense of inevitability or confirmation of one's expectations. For example: I thought it would rain, and sure enough, it did「雨が降ると思ったら、やはり降った」(あめがふるとおもったら、やはりふった). Even after all these years, he is still the same「何年たっても、彼はやはり変わらない」(なんねんたっても、かれはやはりかわらない). '矢張り' is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to emphasize that something is consistent with what was previously thought or known.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    5

    JLPT

    N1

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    637

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Weak

    Reading

    kunyomiよわ

    yowa

    onyomiじゃく

    jaku

    Parts

    Ice (水)Bow

    Example Word

    弱気: timid. The Japanese adjectival noun '弱気 (よわき)' primarily means 'timid' or 'lacking confidence'. It is used to describe a person's attitude or behavior when they are hesitant, fearful, or unsure about taking action. This word often carries a nuance of being overly cautious or lacking assertiveness. For example: He is timid about making decisions「彼は決断に弱気だ」(かれはけつだんによわきだ). Don't be timid when negotiating「交渉に弱気になるな」(こうしょうによわきになるな). In some contexts, it can also refer to a pessimistic or bearish attitude in financial markets, but this usage is less common in everyday conversation.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    10

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    643

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Summer

    Reading

    kunyomiなつ

    natsu

    onyomi

    ge

    ka

    Parts

    Late 𦣻Neck (首)

    Example Word

    春夏秋冬: seasons. The Japanese noun '春夏秋冬 (しゅんかしゅうとう)' literally translates to 'spring, summer, autumn, winter,' collectively representing the four seasons. This word is often used to symbolize the passage of time or the cyclical nature of the year. It can be used in poetic or formal contexts to evoke imagery of nature and the changing seasons. For example: The beauty of the four seasons is unparalleled「春夏秋冬の美しさは比類ない」(しゅんかしゅうとうのうつくしさはひるいない). I love the rhythm of the seasons「私は春夏秋冬のリズムが好きです」(わたしはしゅんかしゅうとうのリズムがすきです). Note that this word is more formal and less commonly used in everyday conversation compared to simply saying '季節 (きせつ)' for 'season.'

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    10

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    654

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Boulder

    Reading

    kunyomiいわ

    iwa

    onyomiがん

    gan

    Parts

    Stone Mountain

    Example Word

    岩: rock. The Japanese noun '岩 (いわ)' means 'rock'. It refers to a large, solid mass of stone or mineral material. This word is commonly used to describe natural rock formations, such as cliffs, boulders, or large stones. For example: There is a big rock in the river「川に大きな岩がある」(かわにおおきないわがある). The climber stood on the rock「クライマーは岩の上に立った」(クライマーはいわのうえにたった). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something solid or unyielding, like a person's resolve.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    8

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    669

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Older sister

    Reading

    kunyomiあね

    ane

    ねえ

    nee

    onyomi

    shi

    Parts

    Woman City, Market

    Example Word

    お姉さん: older sister. The Japanese noun 'お姉さん (おねえさん)' refers to an 'older sister'. It is a polite and respectful term used to address or refer to one's own older sister or someone else's older sister. It is commonly used in both family and social contexts. For example: My older sister is kind「私のお姉さんは優しい」(わたしのおねえさんはやさしい). Is that your older sister?「あの人はあなたのお姉さんですか?」(あのひとはあなたのおねえさんですか?). The term can also be used more broadly to address young women politely, similar to 'miss' in English, especially in customer service settings. For example: Excuse me, miss「すみません、お姉さん」(すみません、おねえさん).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    8

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    695

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Yellow

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ki

    onyomiこう

    kou

    おう

    ou

    Parts

    Reason Eight One Grass

    Example Word

    黄金: gold. The Japanese noun '黄金 (おうごん)' means 'gold'. This term refers to the precious metal gold, known for its value and luster. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something as valuable or precious as gold. For example: The treasure was made of gold「その宝物は黄金でできていた」(そのたからものはおうごんでできていた). Her hair shone like gold「彼女の髪は黄金のように輝いていた」(かのじょのかみはおうごんのようにかがやいていた). The term is often used in literature and poetry to evoke a sense of richness and beauty.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    11

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    699

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Star

    Reading

    kunyomiほし

    hoshi

    onyomiしょう

    shou

    せい

    sei

    Parts

    Day, Sun Life

    Example Word

    星: star. The Japanese noun '星 (ほし)' means 'star'. It refers to celestial bodies visible in the night sky, such as stars in space. It can also be used metaphorically to describe someone who is a 'star' in the sense of being famous or outstanding. For example: The stars are beautiful tonight「今夜の星はきれいだ」(こんやのほしはきれいだ). She is a star in the music industry「彼女は音楽界の星だ」(かのじょはおんがくかいのほしだ). The word is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    9

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    721

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Fish

    Reading

    kunyomiうお

    uo

    さかな

    sakana

    onyomiぎょ

    gyo

    Parts

    Wrap Rice field Fire (火)

    Example Word

    魚: fish. The Japanese noun '魚 (さかな)' means 'fish'. This word refers to the aquatic animal, and it is commonly used in everyday conversation, cooking, and biology. It can refer to fish in general or specific types of fish, depending on the context. For example: I like fish「魚が好きです」(さかながすきです). This fish is delicious「この魚は美味しい」(このさかなはおいしい). When used in compound words, it often retains its meaning, such as in '魚市場 (さかないちば)' (fish market). Note that '魚' can also be read as 'うお' in certain contexts, but 'さかな' is the more common reading in modern Japanese.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    11

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    751

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Noon

    Reading

    kunyomiうま

    uma

    onyomi

    go

    Parts

    𠂉Person (人)Ten

    Example Word

    午前: morning or AM. The Japanese noun '午前 (ごぜん)' refers to the time period from midnight to noon, commonly known as 'morning' or 'AM' in English. It is often used in contexts related to time, schedules, or appointments. For example: The meeting is at 10 AM「会議は午前10時です」(かいぎはごぜんじゅうじです). I wake up early in the morning「私は午前中に早く起きます」(わたしはごぜんちゅうにはやくおきます). Note that '午前' is typically used in formal or written contexts, while '朝 (あさ)' is more commonly used in casual speech to refer to the morning.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    4

    JLPT

    N5

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    753

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Garden

    Reading

    kunyomiその

    sono

    onyomiえん

    en

    Parts

    Mouth Clothes Soil

    Example Word

    動物園: zoo. The Japanese noun '動物園 (どうぶつえん)' means 'zoo'. It refers to a facility where animals are kept within enclosures, displayed to the public, and often bred for conservation purposes. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and writing when referring to places where people can see and learn about various animals. For example: Let's go to the zoo「動物園に行きましょう」(どうぶつえんにいきましょう). The zoo has many animals「その動物園にはたくさんの動物がいます」(そのどうぶつえんにはたくさんのどうぶつがいます). The word is a compound of '動物 (どうぶつ)' meaning 'animal' and '園 (えん)' meaning 'garden' or 'park', reflecting its purpose as a place for animals.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    13

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    754

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Clear

    Reading

    kunyomi

    ha

    onyomiせい

    sei

    Parts

    Day, Sun Blue

    Example Word

    晴れる: clear. The Japanese verb '晴れる (はれる)' primarily means 'to clear up' or 'to become clear', most commonly used in reference to weather. It describes the transition from cloudy or rainy weather to clear skies. For example: The weather cleared up「天気が晴れた」(てんきがはれた). It can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or mood improving, such as when worries or doubts are resolved. For example: My worries cleared up「心配が晴れた」(しんぱいがはれた). This verb is often used in its past tense form '晴れた (はれた)' to describe a change that has already occurred.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    12

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    771

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Younger sister

    Reading

    kunyomiいもうと

    imouto

    onyomiまい

    mai

    Parts

    Woman Not yet

    Example Word

    姉妹: sisters. The Japanese noun '姉妹 (しまい)' refers to 'sisters'. It specifically denotes a pair or group of female siblings. This term is often used in contexts discussing family relationships or to metaphorically describe close relationships between entities, such as sister cities or sister schools. For example: They are sisters「彼女たちは姉妹です」(かのじょたちはしまいです). Our school has a sister school in Japan「私たちの学校は日本に姉妹校があります」(わたしたちのがっこうはにほんにしまいこうがあります). The term can also be used in broader contexts to describe things that are closely related or paired, such as 'sister companies'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    8

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    794

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Winter

    Reading

    kunyomiふゆ

    fuyu

    onyomiとう

    tou

    Parts

    Late Ice (水)

    Example Word

    冬休み: winter vacation. The Japanese noun '冬休み (ふゆやすみ)' refers to a 'winter vacation' or 'winter break'. This term is commonly used to describe the holiday period during winter, especially in schools and workplaces. It typically occurs around late December to early January, coinciding with the New Year holidays in Japan. For example: I will go skiing during winter vacation「冬休みにスキーに行きます」(ふゆやすみにスキーにいきます). Winter vacation is a time to relax「冬休みはリラックスする時間です」(ふゆやすみはリラックスするじかんです). The term is often associated with family gatherings, travel, and seasonal activities.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    5

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    817

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Cow

    Reading

    kunyomiうし

    ushi

    onyomiぎゅう

    gyuu

    Parts

    𠂉Person (人)Ten

    Example Word

    牛乳: milk. The Japanese noun '牛乳 (ぎゅうにゅう)' refers specifically to cow's milk. It is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when buying milk at the store or drinking it. For example: I drink milk every morning「毎朝牛乳を飲みます」(まいあさぎゅうにゅうをのみます). This milk is delicious「この牛乳は美味しいです」(このぎゅうにゅうはおいしいです). It is important to note that '牛乳' specifically refers to cow's milk and not other types of milk, such as soy milk or almond milk, which have different names in Japanese.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    4

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    821

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Daytime, Noon

    Reading

    kunyomiひる

    hiru

    onyomiちゅう

    chuu

    Parts

    Foot Dawn

    Example Word

    昼間: daytime. The Japanese noun '昼間 (ひるま)' refers to the period of the day when the sun is up, typically from sunrise to sunset. It is used to describe activities or events that occur during daylight hours. For example: I work during the daytime「私は昼間に働きます」(わたしはひるまにはたらきます). It's quiet during the daytime「昼間は静かです」(ひるまはしずかです). This word is often used in contrast to '夜 (よる)' which means 'night'. It's important to note that '昼間' specifically refers to the time of day and not the concept of 'day' as in a 24-hour period, which would be '一日 (いちにち)'.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    9

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    823

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Pond

    Reading

    kunyomiいけ

    ike

    onyomi

    chi

    Parts

    Water (水)To be

    Example Word

    電池: battery. The Japanese noun '電池 (でんち)' means 'battery'. It refers to a device that stores chemical energy and converts it into electrical energy, commonly used to power electronic devices. This word is widely used in everyday contexts, such as discussing household items or electronics. For example: The battery is dead「電池が切れた」(でんちがきれた). I need to buy a new battery「新しい電池を買う必要がある」(あたらしいでんちをかうひつようがある). The word can also appear in compound terms, such as '乾電池 (かんでんち)' (dry cell battery) or '充電池 (じゅうでんち)' (rechargeable battery).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    6

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    881

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Talent, Age

    Reading

    onyomiさい

    sai

    Parts

    Barb One 丿Katakana no

    Example Word

    才能: talent. The Japanese noun '才能 (さいのう)' refers to a natural ability or talent that someone possesses. It is often used to describe innate skills or aptitudes in various fields such as arts, sports, or academics. For example: She has a talent for painting「彼女は絵を描く才能がある」(かのじょはえをかくさいのうがある). His talent in music is remarkable「彼の音楽の才能は素晴らしい」(かれのおんがくのさいのうはすばらしい). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe potential or capability in a particular area.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    3

    JLPT

    N3

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    916

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Steam

    Reading

    onyomi

    ki

    Parts

    Water (水)Air

    Example Word

    汽車: steam train. The Japanese noun '汽車 (きしゃ)' refers to a 'steam train'. This word is often used to describe old-fashioned trains powered by steam engines, which were common in Japan during the early to mid-20th century. It evokes a sense of nostalgia and is frequently used in literature, songs, and historical contexts. For example: The steam train is coming「汽車が来る」(きしゃがくる). I saw a steam train at the museum「博物館で汽車を見た」(はくぶつかんできしゃをみた). Note that while modern trains are referred to as '電車 (でんしゃ)', '汽車' specifically refers to steam-powered trains.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N1

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    979

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Weekday

    Reading

    onyomiよう

    you

    Parts

    Day, Sun Surname

    Example Word

    土曜: Saturday. The Japanese noun '土曜 (どよう)' refers to 'Saturday', the seventh day of the week. It is commonly used in contexts related to scheduling, planning, or discussing days of the week. For example: I have a meeting on Saturday「土曜に会議があります」(どようにかいぎがあります). Saturday is my day off「土曜は休みです」(どようはやすみです). The word is often paired with other time-related terms, such as '土曜日 (どようび)', which also means 'Saturday' but is slightly more formal.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    18

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    1007

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Calculate

    Reading

    onyomiさん

    san

    Parts

    Twenty Eye Bamboo (竹)

    Example Word

    掛け算: multiplication. The Japanese verbal noun '掛け算 (かけざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of multiplication. It is used in contexts involving arithmetic or calculations. For example: I learned multiplication in school「学校で掛け算を習った」(がっこうでかけざんをならった). Can you solve this multiplication problem?「この掛け算の問題を解けますか?」(このかけざんのもんだいをとけますか?). The term is commonly used in educational settings or when discussing basic math operations.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    14

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    1109

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Week

    Reading

    onyomiしゅう

    shuu

    Parts

    Walk Circumference

    Example Word

    週: week. The Japanese noun '週 (しゅう)' means 'week'. It refers to a period of seven days and is commonly used in contexts related to time, schedules, and planning. For example: I will go next week「来週行きます」(らいしゅういきます). This week is busy「今週は忙しい」(こんしゅうはいそがしい). The word can also be combined with other terms to specify a particular week, such as '先週 (せんしゅう)' (last week) or '毎週 (まいしゅう)' (every week). It is a fundamental term in Japanese for discussing time frames.

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    11

    JLPT

    N4

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    1241

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Wheat

    Reading

    kunyomiむぎ

    mugi

    onyomiばく

    baku

    Parts

    Late Life

    Example Word

    小麦粉: flour. The Japanese noun '小麦粉 (こむぎこ)' specifically refers to 'wheat flour'. It is commonly used in cooking and baking contexts. For example: I bought wheat flour to make bread「パンを作るために小麦粉を買いました」(パンをつくるためにこむぎこをかいました). This cake is made with wheat flour「このケーキは小麦粉で作られています」(このケーキはこむぎこでつくられています). It is important to note that '小麦粉' is distinct from other types of flour, such as rice flour (米粉, こめこ) or potato starch (片栗粉, かたくりこ).

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    7

    JLPT

    N2

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    1329

    Handwriting

    kanji

    Meaning

    Bow

    Reading

    kunyomiゆみ

    yumi

    onyomiきゅう

    kyuu

    Parts

    Bent hook Katakana ko

    Radical

    Stroke Count

    3

    JLPT

    N1

    Grade

    2

    Frequency

    1402

    Handwriting

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