Jōyō KanjiOrganized by JLPT Level

kanji

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 衣Clothes 土Soil

Example Word

動物園: zoo. The Japanese noun '動物園 (どうぶつえん)' means 'zoo'. It refers to a facility where animals are kept within enclosures, displayed to the public, and often bred for conservation purposes. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and writing when referring to places where people can see and learn about various animals. For example: Let's go to the zoo「動物園に行きましょう」(どうぶつえんにいきましょう). The zoo has many animals「その動物園にはたくさんの動物がいます」(そのどうぶつえんにはたくさんのどうぶつがいます). The word is a compound of '動物 (どうぶつ)' meaning 'animal' and '園 (えん)' meaning 'garden' or 'park', reflecting its purpose as a place for animals.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

754

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dangerous

Reading

Parts

厃 㔾

Example Word

危険: danger. The Japanese adjectival noun '危険 (きけん)' means 'danger' or 'dangerous'. It is used to describe situations, actions, or objects that pose a risk or threat. It can function as a noun or modify other nouns when combined with 'な' (e.g., 危険な場所 - dangerous place). For example: That road is dangerous「その道は危険だ」(そのみちはきけんだ). Climbing that mountain is dangerous「あの山に登るのは危険だ」(あのやまにのぼるのはきけんだ). It is also commonly used in warnings, such as '危険！立ち入り禁止' (きけん！たちいりきんし) - 'Danger! No entry.'

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

757

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Desire, Longing

Reading

Parts

谷Valley 欠Lack

Example Word

欲望: desire. The Japanese noun '欲望 (よくぼう)' means 'desire'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. This word is often used in contexts related to human emotions, ambitions, or cravings, and it can encompass both physical and emotional desires. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への欲望は強い」(かれのせいこうへのよくぼうはつよい). She couldn't control her desire for sweets「彼女は甘いものへの欲望を抑えられなかった」(かのじょはあまいものへのよくぼうをおさえられなかった). The word can also be used in philosophical or psychological discussions to describe innate human drives.

Radical

欠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

767

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Death, Deceased

Reading

Parts

亠Lid

Example Word

亡くなる: die. The Japanese verb '亡くなる (なくなる)' is a polite and respectful way to say 'to die'. It is commonly used when referring to the death of someone, especially in formal or sensitive contexts. This term is often preferred over the more direct '死ぬ (しぬ)' as it conveys a sense of respect and solemnity. For example: my grandfather passed away last year「私の祖父は去年亡くなりました」(わたしのそふはきょねんなくなりました). The famous author died at the age of 80「その有名な作家は80歳で亡くなりました」(そのゆうめいなさっかははちじゅっさいでなくなりました). Note that '亡くなる' is typically used for humans, not animals or objects.

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

770

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clear

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 青Blue

Example Word

見晴らし: view. The Japanese noun '見晴らし (みはらし)' refers to a view or vista, particularly one that is scenic or panoramic. It is often used to describe a wide, unobstructed view of a landscape, such as from a hilltop or observation deck. This word conveys a sense of openness and expansiveness. For example: The view from the mountain was breathtaking「山からの見晴らしは素晴らしかった」(やまからのみはらしはすばらしかった). Let's go to the observation deck for a better view「見晴らしの良い展望台に行きましょう」(みはらしのよいてんぼうだいにいきましょう). The word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, travel, and sightseeing.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

771

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Parts

巾Towel 广Dotted cliff 廿Twenty

Example Word

客席: audience. The Japanese noun '客席 (きゃくせき)' refers to the seating area for an audience, typically in a theater, concert hall, or event venue. It specifically denotes the space where spectators or guests sit to watch a performance or event. For example: The audience was excited「客席は盛り上がっていた」(きゃくせきはもりあがっていた). The seats in the audience section are comfortable「客席の席は快適です」(きゃくせきのせきはかいてきです). This word is often used in contexts related to performances, shows, or gatherings where an audience is present.

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

777

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pay, Drive away

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)厶Private

Example Word

支払い: payment. The Japanese verbal noun '支払い (しはらい)' means 'payment'. It refers to the act of paying money for goods, services, or debts. This word is commonly used in financial, business, and everyday contexts. For example: I made the payment yesterday「昨日、支払いをしました」(きのう、しはらいをしました). The payment is due next week「支払いは来週です」(しはらいはらいしゅうです). It can also be used in compound words like '支払い方法 (しはらいほうほう)' (payment method) or '支払い期限 (しはらいきげん)' (payment deadline).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

779

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Divide, Split

Reading

Parts

害Harm 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

割: ratio. The Japanese suffix '割 (わり)' is used to indicate a ratio or proportion, often in the context of percentages or fractions. It is commonly used in financial, statistical, or everyday contexts to express how much of something is being divided or allocated. For example: a 30% discount「30%割引」(さんじゅっぱーせんとわりびき). The room is divided into two parts「部屋は二つに割られている」(へやはふたつにわられている). Note that '割' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'division' or 'split', but as a suffix, it primarily conveys the idea of proportion or ratio.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

787

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Number

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

信号: signal. The Japanese noun '信号 (しんごう)' primarily means 'signal'. It is commonly used to refer to traffic signals, such as traffic lights, but can also refer to other types of signals, such as electrical signals or communication signals. For example: The traffic signal turned red「信号が赤になった」(しんごうがあかになった). The signal is weak「信号が弱い」(しんごうがよわい). This word is often used in everyday conversations, especially when discussing traffic or technology.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

804

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Convenience

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)更Renew, Grow late

Example Word

郵便屋さん: mailman. The Japanese noun '郵便屋さん (ゆうびんやさん)' refers to a 'mailman' or 'postal worker'. It is a polite and friendly way to refer to someone who delivers mail. The suffix 'さん' adds a respectful tone, making it a common way to address or refer to postal workers in everyday conversation. For example: The mailman delivered a package「郵便屋さんが荷物を配達しました」(ゆうびんやさんがにもつをはいたつしました). I saw the mailman this morning「今朝郵便屋さんを見かけました」(けさゆうびんやさんをみかけました). This term is widely used in casual and formal contexts alike.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

809

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Harm

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 口Mouth 丰

Example Word

被害: damage. The Japanese noun '被害 (ひがい)' refers to 'damage' or 'harm' caused by an event, accident, or disaster. It is commonly used in contexts involving natural disasters, accidents, or crimes. For example: The damage from the earthquake was severe「地震の被害は深刻だった」(じしんのひがい は しんこく だった). The company suffered significant losses due to the cyber attack「その会社はサイバー攻撃で大きな被害を受けた」(そのかいしゃ は サイバーこうげき で おおきな ひがい を うけた). This word is often used in news reports or formal discussions about negative impacts.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

810

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Perplexed, Astray

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 米Rice

Example Word

迷う: lose or hesitate. The Japanese verb '迷う (まよう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to lose one's way' or 'to get lost', often used in the context of physical navigation. For example: I got lost in the city「街で迷った」(まちでまよった). The second meaning is 'to hesitate' or 'to be uncertain', used when someone is indecisive or unsure about a decision. For example: She hesitated to answer「彼女は答えるのに迷った」(かのじょはこたえるのにまよった). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe being lost in thought or confused about a situation. For example: He was lost in thought「彼は考えに迷っていた」(かれはかんがえにまよっていた).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

811

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Box

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)相Mutual

Example Word

箱: box. The Japanese noun '箱 (はこ)' means 'box'. It refers to a container, typically with a lid, used for storing or transporting items. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as packaging, storage, or even metaphorically. For example: Please put it in the box「それを箱に入れてください」(それをはこにいれてください). This box is heavy「この箱は重い」(このはこはおもい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '郵便箱 (ゆうびんばこ)' (mailbox) or '宝石箱 (ほうせきばこ)' (jewelry box).

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

814

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follower, Junior

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 走Run

Example Word

徒歩: walking. The Japanese noun '徒歩 (とほ)' refers to the act of walking or traveling on foot. It is commonly used to describe a mode of transportation or the distance that can be covered by walking. For example: It's a 10-minute walk「徒歩10分です」(とほじゅっぷんです). I went to the station on foot「徒歩で駅に行きました」(とほでえきにいきました). This term is often used in directions or when discussing travel times, emphasizing that no vehicles are involved.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

815

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Medicine

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 楽Music, Pleasure

Example Word

薬: medicine. The Japanese noun '薬 (くすり)' refers to 'medicine' or 'drugs'. It is used to describe substances taken to treat or prevent illness or disease. This word can refer to both Western and traditional Japanese medicine. For example: I took medicine「薬を飲みました」(くすりをのみました). This medicine is effective「この薬は効きます」(このくすりはききます). It can also be used in a broader sense to refer to something that provides relief or a solution, such as 'a remedy' or 'a cure'. For instance: Laughter is the best medicine「笑いは最高の薬です」(わらいはさいこうのくすりです).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

816

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crown, Accept

Reading

Parts

丁Street 頁Page

Example Word

頂上: summit. The Japanese noun '頂上 (ちょうじょう)' refers to the highest point or peak of a mountain or hill. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the pinnacle or climax of something, such as a career or event. For example: we reached the summit「頂上に着いた」(ちょうじょうについた). The summit of his career「彼のキャリアの頂上」(かれのキャリアのちょうじょう). This word is often used in the context of mountain climbing or hiking, but can also be applied to other situations where reaching the highest point is significant.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

819

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Equip, Provide

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)卄 厂Cliff 用Use

Example Word

守備: defense. The Japanese verbal noun '守備 (しゅび)' means 'defense'. It is commonly used in contexts related to sports, military, or general protection. In sports, it refers to the act of defending against an opponent's attack. For example: His defense is strong「彼の守備は強い」(かれのしゅびはつよい). The team needs to improve their defense「チームは守備を改善する必要がある」(チームはしゅびをかいぜんするひつようがある). In a broader sense, it can also refer to safeguarding or protecting something, such as in 'national defense' (国防, こくぼう).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

826

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Quick

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 束Bundle, Bind

Example Word

全速力: full speed. The Japanese noun '全速力 (ぜんそくりょく)' means 'full speed' or 'maximum speed'. It is used to describe the highest possible speed that someone or something can achieve. This term is often used in contexts involving physical movement, such as running, driving, or any activity where speed is a factor. For example: he ran at full speed「彼は全速力で走った」(かれはぜんそくりょくではしった). The car accelerated to full speed「車は全速力に加速した」(くるまはぜんそくりょくにかそくした). Note that '全速力' is a compound noun, combining '全' (ぜん, meaning 'all' or 'full') and '速力' (そくりょく, meaning 'speed').

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

830

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Parts

一One 二Two 彑

Example Word

互い: each other. The Japanese noun '互い (たがい)' means 'each other' or 'mutual'. It is used to describe a reciprocal relationship or action between two or more parties. This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the interaction or relationship between individuals or groups. For example: They help each other「彼らは互いに助け合う」(かれらはたがいにたすけあう). We respect each other's opinions「私たちは互いの意見を尊重する」(わたしたちはたがいのいけんをそんちょうする). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe mutual feelings or characteristics, as in 'mutual understanding'「互いの理解」(たがいのりかい).

Radical

二

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

835

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

File

Reading

Parts

歹Bad 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

列島: archipelago. The Japanese noun '列島 (れっとう)' refers to an 'archipelago', which is a chain or cluster of islands. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe a group of islands that are closely scattered in a body of water. For example: Japan is an archipelago「日本は列島です」(にほんはれっとうです). The Ryukyu Islands form an archipelago「琉球諸島は列島を形成しています」(りゅうきゅうしょとうはれっとうをけいせいしています). The word emphasizes the interconnectedness of the islands within a specific geographical area.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

836

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Increase

Reading

Parts

土Soil 曽Formerly

Example Word

増える: increase. The Japanese verb '増える (ふえる)' means 'to increase'. It is used to describe a situation where the quantity, number, or degree of something becomes greater. This verb is often used in contexts related to population, prices, or amounts. For example: The number of students increased「学生の数が増えた」(がくせいのかずがふえた). The price of the product increased「製品の価格が増えた」(せいひんのかかくがふえた). It is important to note that '増える' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express the action of increasing something, the transitive verb '増やす (ふやす)' is used instead.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

838

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

House

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 乇Depend

Example Word

自宅: home. The Japanese noun '自宅 (じたく)' refers to one's own home or residence. It is commonly used to specify a personal living space, as opposed to someone else's home or a public place. For example: I stayed at home today「今日は自宅にいました」(きょうはじたくにいました). My home is near the station「私の自宅は駅の近くです」(わたしのじたくはえきのちかくです). The word emphasizes the personal and private nature of the location, often used in formal or polite contexts.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

840

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 元Origin

Example Word

不完全: incomplete. The Japanese adjectival noun '不完全 (ふかんぜん)' means 'incomplete'. It is used to describe something that is not fully developed, finished, or perfect. This term can be applied to objects, ideas, systems, or processes. For example: The plan is incomplete「その計画は不完全だ」(そのけいかくはふかんぜんだ). His understanding of the topic is incomplete「彼のその話題の理解は不完全だ」(かれのそのわだいのりかいはふかんぜんだ). The word can also imply a sense of imperfection or deficiency, often used in contexts where something is lacking or not fully realized.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

843

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Parts

分Minute, Part 貝Shellfish

Example Word

貧乏人: poor. The Japanese noun '貧乏人 (びんぼうにん)' refers to a 'poor person' or someone who lacks financial resources. It is often used to describe someone living in poverty or with limited means. The term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation depending on the context. For example: He is a poor person「彼は貧乏人だ」(かれはびんぼうにんだ). Many poor people live in this area「この地域には貧乏人が多い」(このちいきにはびんぼうにんがおおい). The word is composed of '貧乏 (びんぼう)', meaning 'poverty', and '人 (にん)', meaning 'person'. It is important to use this term carefully, as it can be sensitive or offensive in certain contexts.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

844

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Negate

Reading

Parts

不Not 口Mouth

Example Word

拒否: refusal. The Japanese verbal noun '拒否 (きょひ)' means 'refusal' or 'rejection'. It is used to describe the act of refusing or rejecting something, such as a request, proposal, or idea. This term is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as legal, political, or medical situations. For example: The government refused the proposal「政府はその提案を拒否した」(せいふはそのていあんをきょひした). The patient refused the treatment「患者は治療を拒否した」(かんじゃはちりょうをきょひした). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as refusing an invitation or offer. The nuance of '拒否' is often stronger than simply saying 'no', implying a firm or decisive rejection.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

846

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cup, Cupfuls

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 不Not

Example Word

乾杯: cheers. The Japanese verbal noun '乾杯 (かんぱい)' means 'cheers'. It is commonly used during gatherings, parties, or meals to propose a toast before drinking. This word is often accompanied by raising glasses and is a gesture of goodwill, celebration, or camaraderie. Example sentences: Let's make a toast!「乾杯しましょう！」(かんぱいしましょう). Cheers to your success!「あなたの成功に乾杯！」(あなたのせいこうにかんぱい). Note that '乾杯' is typically used in formal or celebratory contexts and is not used casually in everyday conversation.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

848

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Catch

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)甫

Example Word

捕まえる: catch. The Japanese verb '捕まえる (つかまえる)' means 'to catch'. This verb is used when physically capturing or grabbing something or someone, such as catching a ball, a fish, or even a criminal. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to grasp' or 'to seize' an opportunity. For example: I caught a butterfly「蝶を捕まえた」(ちょうをつかまえた). The police caught the thief「警察は泥棒を捕まえた」(けいさつはどろぼうをつかまえた). Note that this verb often implies a sense of effort or struggle in the act of catching.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

851

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reach, Arrival

Reading

Parts

至Arrive, Climax 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

到底: cannot. The Japanese adverb '到底 (とうてい)' is used to express that something is absolutely impossible or cannot be done under any circumstances. It is often used in negative sentences to emphasize the impossibility of an action or situation. For example: I cannot possibly understand「到底理解できない」(とうていりかいできない). It is impossible to finish this by today「到底今日中には終わらない」(とうていきょうじゅうにはおわらない). This adverb carries a strong sense of finality and is typically used in formal or written contexts.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

858

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Value, Price

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)直Straight, Repair

Example Word

数値: number. The Japanese noun '数値 (すうち)' refers to a numerical value or figure. It is commonly used in contexts involving data, statistics, measurements, or calculations. For example: the numerical value is high「数値が高い」(すうちがたかい). Please input the numerical data「数値を入力してください」(すうちをにゅうりょくしてください). This term is often used in technical, scientific, or mathematical contexts to describe specific quantities or measurements.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

861

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 卬

Example Word

歓迎: welcome. The Japanese verbal noun '歓迎 (かんげい)' means 'welcome'. It is used to express a warm reception or acceptance of someone or something. This term is often used in formal or polite contexts, such as welcoming guests, new members, or ideas. For example: We welcome your opinion「あなたの意見を歓迎します」(あなたのいけんをかんげいします). The new employee was warmly welcomed「新しい従業員は温かく歓迎されました」(あたらしいじゅうぎょういんはあたたかくかんげいされました). It can also be used in phrases like '歓迎会 (かんげいかい)', which means 'welcome party'.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

870

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inhale, Suck

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 及Reach, Extend

Example Word

吸収: absorption. The Japanese verbal noun '吸収 (きゅうしゅう)' means 'absorption'. It refers to the process of taking in or assimilating something, such as liquids, knowledge, or resources. This word is often used in scientific, economic, or everyday contexts. For example: The sponge absorbs water「スポンジは水を吸収する」(スポンジはみずをきゅうしゅうする). The company absorbed its competitor「その会社は競争相手を吸収した」(そのかいしゃはきょうそうあいてをきゅうしゅうした). It can also be used metaphorically, such as absorbing knowledge or culture.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

872

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Capital, Resources

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 次Next

Example Word

資本: capital. The Japanese noun '資本 (しほん)' refers to 'capital' in the context of finance, economics, or business. It represents the financial assets or resources used to produce goods or services, such as money, machinery, or buildings. For example: The company needs more capital to expand「その会社は拡大するためにもっと資本が必要です」(そのかいしゃはかくだいするためにもっとしほんがひつようです). Capital is essential for starting a business「ビジネスを始めるには資本が不可欠です」(ビジネスをはじめるにはしほんがふかけつです). This term is commonly used in discussions about investments, funding, or economic growth.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

874

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Choose

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 巽

Example Word

選手: player or athlete. The Japanese noun '選手 (せんしゅ)' refers to a person who participates in sports or competitive activities, such as a player or athlete. It is commonly used in contexts involving sports teams, competitions, or tournaments. For example: He is a soccer player「彼はサッカー選手です」(かれはサッカーせんしゅです). She is a talented athlete「彼女は才能のある選手です」(かのじょはさいのうのあるせんしゅです). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to participants in any competitive field, not just sports.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

875

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wash

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)先Before, Previous

Example Word

洗濯機: washing machine. The Japanese noun '洗濯機 (せんたくき)' means 'washing machine'. It refers to the household appliance used for washing clothes. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing household chores or appliances. For example: I bought a new washing machine「新しい洗濯機を買いました」(あたらしいせんたくきをかいました). The washing machine is broken「洗濯機が壊れています」(せんたくきがこわれています). It's important to note that this noun is often used in contexts related to home maintenance, laundry, or shopping for appliances.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

877

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crime

Reading

Parts

犭 㔾

Example Word

犯罪: crime. The Japanese noun '犯罪 (はんざい)' means 'crime'. It refers to an act that is against the law and punishable by the legal system. This word is commonly used in legal, social, and everyday contexts to describe illegal activities. For example: The police are investigating the crime「警察は犯罪を調査しています」(けいさつははんざいをちょうさしています). He was arrested for committing a crime「彼は犯罪を犯して逮捕された」(かれははんざいをおかしてたいほされた). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing crime rates or societal issues related to crime.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

893

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Close, Shut

Reading

Parts

門Gate 才Talent, Age

Example Word

閉ざす: close or shut. The Japanese verb '閉ざす (とざす)' means 'to close' or 'to shut'. It is often used to describe closing something firmly or tightly, such as a door, window, or entrance. It can also be used metaphorically to describe closing off emotions, opportunities, or communication. For example: He closed the door firmly「彼はドアを閉ざした」(かれはドアをとざした). Her heart was closed to love「彼女の心は愛に閉ざされていた」(かのじょのこころはあいにとざされていた). The storm closed the roads「嵐が道路を閉ざした」(あらしがどうろをとざした). Note that '閉ざす' often implies a more permanent or deliberate action compared to other words like '閉める (しめる)', which is more general.

Radical

門

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

907

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ashamed, Shame

Reading

Parts

心Heart 耳Ear

Example Word

恥: shame. The Japanese noun '恥 (はじ)' means 'shame'. It refers to the painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behavior. This concept is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, where maintaining honor and avoiding shame are highly valued. For example: He felt shame for his actions「彼は自分の行動に恥を感じた」(かれはじぶんのこうどうにはじをかんじた). She couldn't bear the shame「彼女はその恥に耐えられなかった」(かのじょはそのはじにたえられなかった). The word can also be used in expressions like '恥をかく (はじをかく)', which means 'to be embarrassed' or 'to lose face'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

913

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Talent, Age

Reading

Parts

亅Barb 一One 丿Katakana no

Example Word

天才: genius. The Japanese noun '天才 (てんさい)' refers to a person who possesses extraordinary intellectual or creative abilities, often described as a 'genius'. This term is used to highlight exceptional talent or brilliance in a specific field, such as art, science, or music. For example: he is a genius「彼は天才だ」(かれはてんさいだ). That child is a genius「あの子は天才だ」(あのこはてんさいだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something exceptionally well-made or innovative, though this usage is less common. It is important to note that '天才' carries a strong positive connotation and is often used to express admiration or awe.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

916

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Word, Resign

Reading

Parts

舌Tongue 辛Hard, Spicy

Example Word

辞典: dictionary. The Japanese noun '辞典 (じてん)' refers to a 'dictionary', a reference book containing words and their meanings, often arranged alphabetically. It is commonly used for language learning or looking up definitions. For example: I bought a new dictionary「新しい辞典を買いました」(あたらしいじてんをかいました). This dictionary is very useful「この辞典はとても便利です」(このじてんはとてもべんりです). The word can also refer to specialized dictionaries, such as a kanji dictionary『漢字辞典』(かんじじてん).

Radical

辛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

941

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tire, Exhausted

Reading

Parts

疒Sick 皮Skin

Example Word

疲労: fatigue. The Japanese verbal noun '疲労 (ひろう)' means 'fatigue'. It refers to a state of physical or mental exhaustion, often resulting from prolonged stress, overwork, or lack of rest. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe tiredness or weariness. For example: I feel fatigue after working all day「一日中働いて疲労を感じる」(いちにちじゅうはたらいてひろうをかんじる). Prolonged fatigue can affect your health「長期間の疲労は健康に影響する」(ちょうきかんのひろうはけんこうにえいきょうする). The word can also be used in medical or technical contexts to describe material fatigue, such as in '金属疲労 (きんぞくひろう) (metal fatigue)'.

Radical

疒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

959

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Diligence

Reading

Parts

堇 力Power

Example Word

勤め: duty. The Japanese noun '勤め (つとめ)' primarily means 'duty' or 'obligation'. It refers to a task or responsibility that one is expected to fulfill, often in a professional or societal context. This word can also imply a sense of moral or social obligation. For example: It is my duty to help「助けるのは私の勤めです」(たすけるのはわたしのつとめです). He fulfilled his duty「彼は勤めを果たした」(かれはつとめをはたした). Additionally, '勤め' can sometimes refer to one's job or employment, though this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

962

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dangerous, Steep

Reading

Parts

⻖ 㑒

Example Word

危険: danger. The Japanese adjectival noun '危険 (きけん)' means 'danger' or 'dangerous'. It is used to describe situations, actions, or objects that pose a risk or threat. It can function as a noun or modify other nouns when combined with 'な' (e.g., 危険な場所 - dangerous place). For example: That road is dangerous「その道は危険だ」(そのみちはきけんだ). Climbing that mountain is dangerous「あの山に登るのは危険だ」(あのやまにのぼるのはきけんだ). It is also commonly used in warnings, such as '危険！立ち入り禁止' (きけん！たちいりきんし) - 'Danger! No entry.'

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

984

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Blame, Liability

Reading

Parts

龶Life (生)貝Shellfish

Example Word

責任: responsibility. The Japanese noun '責任 (せきにん)' means 'responsibility'. It refers to the state or fact of being accountable for something, often involving duties or obligations. This word is commonly used in both personal and professional contexts. For example: He took responsibility for the mistake「彼はそのミスの責任を取った」(かれはそのミスのせきにんをとった). It is your responsibility to finish the task「その仕事を終わらせるのはあなたの責任です」(そのしごとをおわらせるのはあなたのせきにんです). The word can also imply moral or legal accountability, as in 'criminal responsibility' (刑事責任, けいじせきにん).

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

993

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accustomed

Reading

Parts

忄 貫Pierce, Sushi counter

Example Word

慣用句: idiom. The Japanese noun '慣用句 (かんようく)' refers to an 'idiom' or a set phrase that has a meaning not deducible from the individual words. These expressions are deeply rooted in the language and culture, often carrying nuances and connotations that are unique to Japanese. For example: He used an idiom to explain his point「彼は自分のポイントを説明するために慣用句を使った」(かれはじぶんのポイントをせつめいするためにかんようくをつかった). Learning idioms is essential for understanding Japanese culture「慣用句を学ぶことは日本文化を理解するために不可欠だ」(かんようくをまなぶことはにほんぶんかをりかいするためにふかけつだ). Idioms often reflect historical events, folklore, or common experiences, making them a rich area of study for language learners.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

994

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exclude, Remove

Reading

Parts

⻖ 余Excess

Example Word

除く: exclude. The Japanese verb '除く (のぞく)' primarily means 'to exclude' or 'to remove'. It is used to indicate that something or someone is being left out or omitted from a group, list, or consideration. For example: Please exclude him from the list「彼をリストから除いてください」(かれをリストからのぞいてください). This rule applies to everyone, excluding children「このルールは子供を除いて全員に適用されます」(このルールはこどもをのぞいてぜんいんにてきようされます). Additionally, '除く' can sometimes imply 'except for' or 'apart from', as in: All members, excluding the president, attended the meeting「会長を除いて全員が会議に出席しました」(かいちょうをのぞいてぜんいんがかいぎにしゅっせきしました).

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1003

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 攵Strike

Example Word

敗戦: defeat. The Japanese verbal noun '敗戦 (はいせん)' means 'defeat' or 'losing a war'. It is commonly used to refer to a military defeat, particularly in the context of wars or battles. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant loss in other areas, such as sports or competitions. For example: Japan experienced defeat in World War II「日本は第二次世界大戦で敗戦を経験した」(にほんはだいにじせかいたいせんではいせんをけいけんした). The team suffered a crushing defeat「チームは惨敗を喫した」(チームはざんぱいをきっした). Note that '敗戦' carries a formal tone and is often used in historical or serious contexts.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1005

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tooth

Reading

Parts

止Stop 米Rice 凵Open box

Example Word

歯科: dentistry. The Japanese noun '歯科 (しか)' refers to the field of dentistry. It is commonly used in contexts related to dental care, dental clinics, or dental professionals. For example: I went to the dentistry「歯科に行きました」(しかにいきました). She works in dentistry「彼女は歯科で働いています」(かのじょはしかではたらいています). The term is often seen in compound words like '歯科医 (しかい)' (dentist) or '歯科医院 (しかいいん)' (dental clinic).

Radical

止

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1006

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)呉Give, Wu China

Example Word

誤る: mistake. The Japanese verb '誤る (あやまる)' means 'to make a mistake' or 'to err'. It is used when someone commits an error or does something incorrectly. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as making a wrong decision, misunderstanding something, or failing in an attempt. For example: I made a mistake in my calculations「計算を誤った」(けいさんをあやまった). He erred in his judgment「彼は判断を誤った」(かれははんだんをあやまった). Note that '誤る' is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it implies a sense of responsibility for the mistake.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1015

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Suitable

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 啇

Example Word

適する: suit. The Japanese verb '適する (てきする)' means 'to suit' or 'to be suitable'. It is used to describe something that is appropriate or fitting for a particular purpose, situation, or person. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This job suits me「この仕事は私に適している」(このしごとはわたしにてきしている). This method is suitable for solving the problem「この方法は問題を解決するのに適している」(このほうほうはもんだいをかいけつするのにてきしている). Note that '適する' is often used in its te-form '適している' to indicate a state of suitability.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1017

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steal

Reading

Parts

次Next 皿Plate

Example Word

強盗: robbery. The Japanese noun '強盗 (ごうとう)' refers to the act of robbery, which involves stealing from a person or place using force or the threat of force. This term is often used in legal contexts and news reports to describe serious crimes. For example: The robbery happened at the bank「強盗は銀行で起こった」(ごうとうはぎんこうでおこった). He was arrested for robbery「彼は強盗で逮捕された」(かれはごうとうでたいほされた). The word can also be used to describe a robber, but the primary meaning is the act of robbery itself.

Radical

皿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1028

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cat

Reading

Parts

犭 苗Seedling

Example Word

猫: cat. The Japanese noun '猫 (ねこ)' means 'cat'. This word refers to the domestic feline animal, commonly kept as a pet. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing a pet, talking about cats in general, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: I have a cat「猫を飼っています」(ねこをかっています). The cat is sleeping「猫が寝ている」(ねこがねている). Cats are cute「猫はかわいい」(ねこはかわいい). The word '猫' is straightforward and widely used in everyday conversation.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1031

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lack

Reading

Example Word

欠点: flaw. The Japanese noun '欠点 (けってん)' means 'flaw' or 'defect'. It refers to a shortcoming or imperfection in a person, object, or system. This word is often used in contexts where criticism or improvement is being discussed. For example: His biggest flaw is his impatience「彼の最大の欠点は短気です」(かれのさいだいのけってんはたんきです). This product has a serious flaw「この製品には重大な欠点がある」(このせいひんにはじゅうだいなけってんがある). The word can also be used in a more neutral or self-reflective way, such as when acknowledging one's own weaknesses.

Radical

欠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1037

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Expense

Reading

Parts

弗 貝Shellfish

Example Word

交通費: transportation cost. The Japanese noun '交通費 (こうつうひ)' refers to the cost or expenses related to transportation. This term is commonly used in contexts such as business trips, commuting, or any situation where transportation costs are incurred and reimbursed. For example: The company will cover my transportation costs「会社が私の交通費を負担します」(かいしゃがわたしのこうつうひをふたんします). Please submit your transportation expenses by the end of the month「月末までに交通費を提出してください」(げつまつまでにこうつうひをていしゅつしてください).

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1046

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Toil

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 力Power

Example Word

努力: effort. The Japanese verbal noun '努力 (どりょく)' means 'effort'. It refers to the act of striving or working hard towards a goal. This word is often used in contexts where perseverance and dedication are emphasized. For example: He made an effort to learn Japanese「彼は日本語を学ぶために努力した」(かれはにほんごをまなぶためにどりょくした). Without effort, success is impossible「努力なしでは成功は不可能だ」(どりょくなしではせいこうはふかのうだ). The word can also be used in phrases like '努力家 (どりょくか)', which means 'hard worker' or 'diligent person'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1066

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Standard, Regulation

Reading

Parts

夫Man, Husband 見See

Example Word

規定: regulation. The Japanese verbal noun '規定 (きてい)' refers to a rule, regulation, or provision that is formally established. It is often used in legal, organizational, or institutional contexts to describe guidelines or standards that must be followed. For example: The company follows strict regulations「会社は厳しい規定に従います」(かいしゃはきびしいきていにしたがいます). This law includes new provisions「この法律には新しい規定が含まれています」(このほうりつにはあたらしいきていがふくまれています). The word can also imply something that is predetermined or fixed, such as in '規定の時間 (きていのじかん) (fixed time)'.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1074

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wealth

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 才Talent, Age

Example Word

財布: wallet. The Japanese noun '財布 (さいふ)' means 'wallet'. It refers to a small, flat case used to carry personal items such as cash, credit cards, and identification documents. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing money or personal belongings. For example: I lost my wallet「財布をなくしました」(さいふをなくしました). This wallet is expensive「この財布は高いです」(このさいふはたかいです). The term can also be used metaphorically to refer to one's financial resources, as in '財布が寂しい (さいふがさびしい)' which means 'my wallet is feeling lonely' (i.e., I'm low on money).

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1086

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ball

Reading

Parts

王King 求Request, Seek

Example Word

野球: baseball. The Japanese noun '野球 (やきゅう)' means 'baseball'. It refers to the sport of baseball, which is widely popular in Japan. The word is used in various contexts, such as discussing games, players, or the sport in general. For example: I like baseball「私は野球が好きです」(わたしはやきゅうがすきです). He plays baseball「彼は野球をします」(かれはやきゅうをします). The term is also used in compound words, such as '野球場 (やきゅうじょう)' (baseball stadium) or '野球選手 (やきゅうせんしゅ)' (baseball player).

Radical

玉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1093

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Obtain

Reading

Parts

丩 又Again

Example Word

回収: collection. The Japanese noun '回収 (かいしゅう)' primarily means 'collection'. It is commonly used to refer to the act of gathering or retrieving items, often for recycling, reuse, or disposal. For example: The collection of used bottles is scheduled for tomorrow「使用済みボトルの回収は明日に予定されています」(しようずみボトルのかいしゅうはあしたによていされています). The company is responsible for the collection of old electronics「その会社は古い電子機器の回収を担当しています」(そのかいしゃはふるいでんしききのかいしゅうをたんとうしています). This word is often used in contexts related to waste management, recycling programs, or retrieving distributed items.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1107

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Couple, By chance

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)禺

Example Word

偶然: coincidence. The Japanese adjectival noun '偶然 (ぐうぜん)' means 'coincidence'. It refers to something happening by chance, without any deliberate intention or planning. This word is often used to describe unexpected events or encounters that seem to happen by luck or fate. For example: It was a coincidence that we met「偶然会った」(ぐうぜんあった). By coincidence, I found the book I was looking for「偶然、探していた本を見つけた」(ぐうぜん、さがしていたほんをみつけた). The word can also be used to express surprise or wonder at how things align unexpectedly.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1130

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Slow, Late

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 尸Corpse 羊Sheep

Example Word

遅刻: lateness. The Japanese verbal noun '遅刻 (ちこく)' refers to the act of being late or tardiness, particularly in the context of arriving late to school, work, or appointments. It is commonly used in formal and informal settings to describe someone's failure to arrive on time. For example: I was late for school「学校に遅刻した」(がっこうにちこくした). He is always late for meetings「彼はいつも会議に遅刻する」(かれはいつもかいぎにちこくする). The word is often used with the verb 'する' to indicate the action of being late, as in '遅刻する (ちこくする) (to be late).' It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying responsibility for the delay.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1133

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shoe, Shoes

Reading

Parts

革Reform, Leather 化Change

Example Word

靴: shoes. The Japanese noun '靴 (くつ)' means 'shoes'. It refers to footwear worn on the feet, typically covering the foot and extending below the ankle. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing clothing, fashion, or daily activities. For example: I bought new shoes「新しい靴を買いました」(あたらしいくつをかいました). Please take off your shoes「靴を脱いでください」(くつをぬいでください). The word '靴' can also be used in compound words, such as '運動靴 (うんどうぐつ)' (sports shoes) or '革靴 (かわぐつ)' (leather shoes).

Radical

革

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1196

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Invite

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)召Seduce, Summon

Example Word

招待: invitation. The Japanese verbal noun '招待 (しょうたい)' means 'invitation'. It refers to the act of inviting someone to an event, gathering, or occasion. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as inviting someone to a party, meeting, or ceremony. For example: I received an invitation to the wedding「結婚式の招待を受けた」(けっこんしきのしょうたいをうけた). Please send an invitation to the guests「ゲストに招待状を送ってください」(ゲストにしょうたいじょうをおくってください). Note that '招待' can also be used as a verb in its stem form, such as '招待する (しょうたいする)', meaning 'to invite'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1209

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Great, Admirable

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)韋

Example Word

偉大: great. The Japanese adjective '偉大 (いだい)' means 'great' and is used to describe something or someone of extraordinary significance, importance, or magnitude. It often conveys a sense of awe or admiration. This word is typically used in formal or literary contexts to describe historical figures, achievements, or monumental events. For example: He is a great leader「彼は偉大なリーダーです」(かれはいだいなリーダーです). The discovery was a great achievement「その発見は偉大な業績でした」(そのはっけんはいだいなぎょうせきでした). Note that '偉大' carries a stronger and more formal tone compared to other words like 'すごい' or '大きい'.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1210

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Busy

Reading

Parts

忄 亡Death, Deceased

Example Word

多忙: busy. The Japanese adjectival noun '多忙 (たぼう)' means 'busy'. It is used to describe a state of being very occupied or having a lot of tasks to do. This term is often used in formal or written contexts to convey a high level of busyness. For example: He is busy with work「彼は仕事で多忙だ」(かれはしごとでたぼうだ). Due to the busy schedule, I couldn't attend the meeting「多忙なスケジュールのため、会議に出席できなかった」(たぼうなスケジュールのため、かいぎにしゅっせきできなかった). Note that '多忙' is more formal than the more commonly used '忙しい (いそがしい)', which also means 'busy' but is used in everyday conversation.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1327

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Harbor, Port

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)共Together 己Oneself

Example Word

港: port. The Japanese noun '港 (みなと)' means 'port' or 'harbor'. It refers to a place where ships dock to load and unload goods or passengers. This word is commonly used in contexts related to maritime activities, trade, and travel. For example: The ship arrived at the port「船が港に着いた」(ふねがみなとについた). This is a busy port「これは賑やかな港です」(これはにぎやかなみなとです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a safe or welcoming place, such as 'a port in a storm'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1423

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Swim

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)永Eternity

Example Word

水泳: swimming. The Japanese verbal noun '水泳 (すいえい)' means 'swimming'. It refers to the activity or sport of moving through water by using one's arms and legs. This word is commonly used in contexts related to sports, exercise, or recreational activities. For example: I like swimming「水泳が好きです」(すいえいがすきです). Swimming is good for health「水泳は健康に良い」(すいえいけんこうにいい). It can also be used in compound words, such as '水泳大会 (すいえいたいかい)' (swimming competition).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Praise, Agree

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 夫Man, Husband

Example Word

賛成: agreement. The Japanese verbal noun '賛成 (さんせい)' means 'agreement' or 'approval'. It is used to express consent or support for an idea, proposal, or opinion. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as meetings, discussions, or everyday conversations. For example: I agree with your opinion「あなたの意見に賛成です」(あなたのいけんにさんせいです). The committee approved the proposal「委員会はその提案に賛成した」(いいんかいはそのていあんにさんせいした). Note that '賛成' is often paired with the particle 'に' to indicate what is being agreed upon, as in '提案に賛成する (ていあんにさんせいする) (to agree with the proposal)'.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1571

Handwriting