Jōyō KanjiOrganized by JLPT Level

kanji

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 衣Clothes 土Soil

Example Word

保育園: nursery. The Japanese noun '保育園 (ほいくえん)' refers to a nursery or daycare center where young children, typically under school age, are cared for during the day. It is a facility that provides childcare services, often for working parents. The term is commonly used in Japan to describe institutions that offer early childhood education and care. Example sentences: My child goes to nursery「私の子供は保育園に行きます」(わたしのこどもはほいくえんにいきます). The nursery is near the station「保育園は駅の近くです」(ほいくえんはえきのちかくです).

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

754

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dangerous

Reading

Parts

厃 㔾

Example Word

危機: crisis. The Japanese noun '危機 (きき)' means 'crisis'. It refers to a time of intense difficulty, trouble, or danger, often requiring immediate action or decision. This word is commonly used in contexts such as economic crises, environmental crises, or personal crises. For example: The country is facing an economic crisis「その国は経済危機に直面している」(そのくにはけいざいききにちょくめんしている). We must act quickly to avoid a crisis「危機を避けるために迅速に行動しなければならない」(ききをさけるためにじんそくにこうどうしなければならない). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a critical turning point or moment of decision.

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

757

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Desire, Longing

Reading

Parts

谷Valley 欠Lack

Example Word

欲求: demand or desire. The Japanese verbal noun '欲求 (よっきゅう)' primarily means 'desire' or 'demand'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting something or needing something. This word is often used in psychological or formal contexts to describe innate or instinctual desires, such as basic human needs. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への欲求は強い」(かれのせいこうへのよっきゅうはつよい). The demand for the product increased「その製品への欲求が高まった」(そのせいひんへのよっきゅうがたかまった). Note that while 'desire' is more emotional or personal, 'demand' can imply a more practical or market-driven need.

Radical

欠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

767

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Death, Deceased

Reading

Parts

亠Lid

Example Word

死亡: death. The Japanese verbal noun '死亡 (しぼう)' means 'death'. It is used to refer to the act or state of dying, often in formal or official contexts such as medical, legal, or statistical reports. For example: The cause of death was a heart attack「死亡の原因は心臓発作でした」(しぼうのげんいんはしんぞうほっさでした). The number of deaths increased last year「死亡者数は去年増加しました」(しぼうしゃすうはきょねんぞうかしました). This term is neutral in tone and is commonly used in serious or factual contexts.

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

770

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clear

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 青Blue

Example Word

素晴らしい: wonderful. The Japanese adjective '素晴らしい (すばらしい)' means 'wonderful' or 'splendid'. It is used to describe something that is exceptionally good, impressive, or excellent. This word can be applied to a wide range of situations, such as describing a beautiful view, a great performance, or an outstanding achievement. For example: The view from the mountain is wonderful「山からの眺めは素晴らしい」(やまからのながめはすばらしい). Her performance was splendid「彼女のパフォーマンスは素晴らしかった」(かのじょのパフォーマンスはすばらしかった). The word carries a positive and enthusiastic tone, often used to express admiration or high praise.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

771

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Seat

Reading

Parts

巾Towel 广Dotted cliff 廿Twenty

Example Word

欠席: absence. The Japanese verbal noun '欠席 (けっせき)' refers to the act of being absent, particularly from events, meetings, or classes. It is commonly used in formal or academic contexts to indicate non-attendance. For example: I will be absent from the meeting tomorrow「明日の会議は欠席します」(あしたのかいぎはけっせきします). His absence was noted by the teacher「先生は彼の欠席に気づいた」(せんせいはかれのけっせきにきづいた). The word can also be used in written notices or announcements, such as '欠席届 (けっせきとどけ)', which means 'notice of absence'.

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

777

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pay, Drive away

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)厶Private

Example Word

払い: payment. The Japanese noun '払い (はらい)' refers to the act of paying or settling a debt. It is commonly used in contexts involving financial transactions, such as paying bills, fees, or installments. For example: I made the payment「払いをしました」(はらいをしました). The monthly payment is due「月払いが期限です」(つきばらいがきげんです). This word can also appear in compound terms like '分割払い (ぶんかつばらい)' (installment payment) or '前払い (まえばらい)' (advance payment).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

779

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Divide, Split

Reading

Parts

害Harm 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

割り算: division. The Japanese verbal noun '割り算 (わりざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of division. It is commonly used in educational contexts, such as in math classes or when explaining arithmetic operations. For example: I learned division in school today「今日学校で割り算を習った」(きょうがっこうでわりざんをならった). Division is harder than multiplication「割り算は掛け算より難しい」(わりざんはかけざんよりむずかしい). This term is often used alongside other arithmetic operations like addition (足し算, たしざん), subtraction (引き算, ひきざん), and multiplication (掛け算, かけざん).

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

787

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Number

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

記号: sign or symbol. The Japanese noun '記号 (きごう)' refers to a 'symbol' or 'sign'. It is used to describe a mark, character, or visual representation that conveys meaning, often in a concise or abstract way. This word is commonly used in contexts such as mathematics, music, or written language. For example: The symbol for infinity is interesting「無限の記号は面白い」(むげんのきごうはおもしろい). Musical notation uses many signs「楽譜には多くの記号が使われている」(がくふにはおおくのきごうがつかわれている). Note that '記号' can also refer to punctuation marks or other visual indicators in written text.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

804

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Convenience

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)更Renew, Grow late

Example Word

郵便: mail. The Japanese noun '郵便 (ゆうびん)' refers to 'mail' or 'postal service'. It is commonly used to describe letters, packages, or any items sent through the postal system. This word is often seen in contexts related to sending or receiving mail, post offices, or postal workers. For example: I received mail today「今日、郵便が届きました」(きょう、ゆうびんがとどきました). Please send this by mail「これを郵便で送ってください」(これをゆうびんでおくってください). The term can also be part of compound words, such as '郵便局 (ゆうびんきょく)' (post office) or '郵便配達員 (ゆうびんはいたついん)' (mail carrier).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

809

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Harm

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 口Mouth 丰

Example Word

水害: flood. The Japanese noun '水害 (すいがい)' refers to 'flood' or 'flood damage'. It is used to describe the damage or disaster caused by excessive water, typically due to heavy rainfall, overflowing rivers, or other water-related events. This term is often used in news reports, weather forecasts, and discussions about natural disasters. For example: The town suffered from a flood「その町は水害にあった」(そのまちはすいがいにあった). Flood damage was severe this year「今年の水害はひどかった」(ことしのすいがいはひどかった). The term emphasizes the destructive impact of water, rather than the water itself.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

810

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Perplexed, Astray

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 米Rice

Example Word

迷う: lose or hesitate. The Japanese verb '迷う (まよう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to lose one's way' or 'to get lost', often used in the context of physical navigation. For example: I got lost in the city「街で迷った」(まちでまよった). The second meaning is 'to hesitate' or 'to be uncertain', used when someone is indecisive or unsure about a decision. For example: She hesitated to answer「彼女は答えるのに迷った」(かのじょはこたえるのにまよった). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe being lost in thought or confused about a situation. For example: He was lost in thought「彼は考えに迷っていた」(かれはかんがえにまよっていた).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

811

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Box

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)相Mutual

Example Word

箱: box. The Japanese noun '箱 (はこ)' means 'box'. It refers to a container, typically with a lid, used for storing or transporting items. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as packaging, storage, or even metaphorically. For example: Please put it in the box「それを箱に入れてください」(それをはこにいれてください). This box is heavy「この箱は重い」(このはこはおもい). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '郵便箱 (ゆうびんばこ)' (mailbox) or '宝石箱 (ほうせきばこ)' (jewelry box).

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

814

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follower, Junior

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 走Run

Example Word

徒: follower. The Japanese noun '徒 (と)' means 'follower' or 'disciple'. It is often used to refer to someone who follows a particular person, group, or ideology. This term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation depending on the context, implying blind adherence or lack of independent thought. Example sentences: He is a follower of that philosophy「彼はその哲学の徒だ」(かれはそのてつがくのとだ). The followers of the cult were devoted「そのカルトの徒は熱心だった」(そのカルトのとはねっしんだった). Note that '徒' can also appear in compound words, such as '信徒 (しんと)' (believer) or '学徒 (がくと)' (student).

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

815

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Medicine

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 楽Music, Pleasure

Example Word

薬指: ring finger. The Japanese noun '薬指 (くすりゆび)' refers to the 'ring finger', which is the fourth finger on the hand, typically the one next to the little finger. Historically, this finger was believed to have a direct connection to the heart, which is why it is traditionally used for wearing rings, especially wedding rings. Example sentences: She wears a ring on her ring finger「彼女は薬指に指輪をはめている」(かのじょはくすりゆびにゆびわをはめている). My ring finger is longer than my index finger「私の薬指は人差し指より長い」(わたしのくすりゆびはひとさしゆびよりながい).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

816

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crown, Accept

Reading

Parts

丁Street 頁Page

Example Word

頂く: eat or receive. The Japanese verb '頂く (いただく)' is a humble form of 'もらう' (to receive) and '食べる' (to eat). It is used to express receiving something from someone of higher status or to humbly express eating or drinking. This verb conveys respect and gratitude towards the giver or the act of consuming. For example: I received a gift from the teacher「先生からプレゼントを頂きました」(せんせいからぷれぜんとをいただきました). I will eat this meal「この食事を頂きます」(このしょくじをいただきます). The verb is often used in formal situations or when showing politeness.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

819

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Equip, Provide

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)卄 厂Cliff 用Use

Example Word

警備: security. The Japanese noun '警備 (けいび)' refers to 'security' or 'guarding'. It is commonly used to describe the act of protecting or guarding a place, event, or person. This term is often associated with professional security services, such as those employed at events, buildings, or public spaces. For example: The security at the event was tight「イベントの警備は厳しかった」(イベントのけいびはきびしかった). We need to increase security for the building「建物の警備を強化する必要がある」(たてもののけいびをきょうかするひつようがある). The word can also imply vigilance and preparedness to prevent potential threats or disturbances.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

826

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Quick

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 束Bundle, Bind

Example Word

加速: acceleration. The Japanese noun '加速 (かそく)' means 'acceleration'. It refers to the increase in speed or rate of something, often used in contexts like physics, vehicles, or processes. For example: the car's acceleration is fast「車の加速が速い」(くるまのかそくがはやい). The acceleration of technological progress is remarkable「技術の進歩の加速が著しい」(ぎじゅつのしんぽのかそくがいちじるしい). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe the speeding up of events or changes.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

830

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Parts

一One 二Two 彑

Example Word

互い: each other. The Japanese noun '互い (たがい)' means 'each other' or 'mutual'. It is used to describe a reciprocal relationship or action between two or more parties. This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the interaction or relationship between individuals or groups. For example: They help each other「彼らは互いに助け合う」(かれらはたがいにたすけあう). We respect each other's opinions「私たちは互いの意見を尊重する」(わたしたちはたがいのいけんをそんちょうする). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe mutual feelings or characteristics, as in 'mutual understanding'「互いの理解」(たがいのりかい).

Radical

二

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

835

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

File

Reading

Parts

歹Bad 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

系列: series or affiliation. The Japanese noun '系列 (けいれつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'series', referring to a sequence or succession of related things. For example: This is the latest in the series「これは系列の最新作です」(これはけいれつのさいしんさくです). The second meaning is 'affiliation', referring to a group or organization that is connected or associated with another. For example: The company is part of a larger affiliation「その会社は大きな系列に属しています」(そのかいしゃはおおきなけいれつにぞくしています). The word is often used in business contexts to describe subsidiaries or related companies within a corporate group.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

836

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Increase

Reading

Parts

土Soil 曽Formerly

Example Word

増す: increase. The Japanese verb '増す (ます)' means 'to increase' or 'to grow'. It is used to describe a rise in quantity, intensity, or degree. This verb can be applied to both tangible and intangible things, such as numbers, feelings, or situations. For example: The number of tourists increased「観光客の数が増した」(かんこうきゃくのかずがました). Her anxiety grew「彼女の不安が増した」(かのじょのふあんがました). Note that '増す' is often used in formal or written contexts, and in casual speech, '増える (ふえる)' is more commonly used.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

838

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

House

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 乇Depend

Example Word

自宅: home. The Japanese noun '自宅 (じたく)' refers to one's own home or residence. It is commonly used to specify a personal living space, as opposed to someone else's home or a public place. For example: I stayed at home today「今日は自宅にいました」(きょうはじたくにいました). My home is near the station「私の自宅は駅の近くです」(わたしのじたくはえきのちかくです). The word emphasizes the personal and private nature of the location, often used in formal or polite contexts.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

840

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 元Origin

Example Word

完全: complete. The Japanese adjectival noun '完全 (かんぜん)' means 'complete' or 'perfect'. It is used to describe something that is whole, without any deficiencies, or fully realized. This term can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical objects to abstract concepts. For example: This is a complete set「これは完全なセットです」(これはかんぜんなセットです). The plan was executed perfectly「計画は完全に実行された」(けいかくはかんぜんにじっこうされた). Note that '完全' can also be used to emphasize the entirety or perfection of a situation or object, often implying that nothing is missing or out of place.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

843

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Poor

Reading

Parts

分Minute, Part 貝Shellfish

Example Word

貧乏人: poor. The Japanese noun '貧乏人 (びんぼうにん)' refers to a 'poor person' or someone who lacks financial resources. It is often used to describe someone living in poverty or with limited means. The term can carry a neutral or slightly negative connotation depending on the context. For example: He is a poor person「彼は貧乏人だ」(かれはびんぼうにんだ). Many poor people live in this area「この地域には貧乏人が多い」(このちいきにはびんぼうにんがおおい). The word is composed of '貧乏 (びんぼう)', meaning 'poverty', and '人 (にん)', meaning 'person'. It is important to use this term carefully, as it can be sensitive or offensive in certain contexts.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

844

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Negate

Reading

Parts

不Not 口Mouth

Example Word

否定: denial. The Japanese verbal noun '否定 (ひてい)' means 'denial' or 'negation'. It is used to express the act of denying or negating something, such as a statement, fact, or claim. This word is often used in formal or logical contexts. For example: he denied the accusation「彼はその非難を否定した」(かれはそのひなんをひていした). The theory was negated by new evidence「その理論は新しい証拠によって否定された」(そのりろんはあたらしいしょうこによってひていされた). It can also be used in phrases like '自己否定 (じこひてい)' (self-denial) or '否定形 (ひていけい)' (negative form in grammar).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

846

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cup, Cupfuls

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 不Not

Example Word

杯: counter. The Japanese suffix '杯 (はい)' is a counter used for counting cups, glasses, or bowlfuls of liquid. It is commonly used when referring to drinks or liquid servings. For example: one cup of coffee「コーヒー一杯」(コーヒーいっぱい). Two glasses of water「水二杯」(みずにはい). This counter is versatile and can be used with various beverages, such as tea, juice, or alcohol. It's important to note that the pronunciation changes to 'ぱい' when combined with certain numbers, such as 'いっぱい' for one cup.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

848

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Catch

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)甫

Example Word

捕まえる: catch. The Japanese verb '捕まえる (つかまえる)' means 'to catch'. This verb is used when physically capturing or grabbing something or someone, such as catching a ball, a fish, or even a criminal. It can also be used metaphorically to mean 'to grasp' or 'to seize' an opportunity. For example: I caught a butterfly「蝶を捕まえた」(ちょうをつかまえた). The police caught the thief「警察は泥棒を捕まえた」(けいさつはどろぼうをつかまえた). Note that this verb often implies a sense of effort or struggle in the act of catching.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

851

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reach, Arrival

Reading

Parts

至Arrive, Climax 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

到頭: finally. The Japanese adverb '到頭 (とうとう)' means 'finally' or 'at last'. It is used to indicate that something has happened after a long period of time or after much anticipation. This word often carries a nuance of relief, completion, or inevitability. For example: He finally arrived「彼は到頭到着した」(かれはとうとうとうちゃくした). The project is finally finished「そのプロジェクトは到頭終わった」(そのプロジェクトはとうとうおわった). Note that '到頭' is typically used in situations where the outcome was expected or inevitable, and it often implies a sense of closure.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

858

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Value, Price

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)直Straight, Repair

Example Word

価値: value. The Japanese noun '価値 (かち)' means 'value'. It refers to the worth, importance, or usefulness of something, whether tangible or intangible. This word is often used in contexts discussing economic value, moral value, or the significance of an object, idea, or action. For example: This painting has great value「この絵は大きな価値がある」(このえはおおきなかちがある). The value of hard work is immeasurable「努力の価値は計り知れない」(どりょくのかちははかりしれない). It can also be used in phrases like '価値観 (かちかん)' meaning 'values' or 'sense of values'.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

861

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 卬

Example Word

迎える: receive or welcome. The Japanese verb '迎える (むかえる)' primarily means 'to welcome' or 'to receive'. It is used when someone or something is being welcomed or received, often in a formal or ceremonial context. For example: We welcomed the new year「新年を迎えた」(しんねんをむかえた). The company received a new CEO「会社は新しいCEOを迎えた」(かいしゃはあたらしいCEOをむかえた). This verb can also be used in more casual settings, such as welcoming guests to a home. It's important to note that '迎える' often implies a sense of anticipation or preparation for the arrival of someone or something.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

870

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inhale, Suck

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 及Reach, Extend

Example Word

吸収: absorption. The Japanese verbal noun '吸収 (きゅうしゅう)' means 'absorption'. It refers to the process of taking in or assimilating something, such as liquids, knowledge, or resources. This word is often used in scientific, economic, or everyday contexts. For example: The sponge absorbs water「スポンジは水を吸収する」(スポンジはみずをきゅうしゅうする). The company absorbed its competitor「その会社は競争相手を吸収した」(そのかいしゃはきょうそうあいてをきゅうしゅうした). It can also be used metaphorically, such as absorbing knowledge or culture.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

872

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Capital, Resources

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 次Next

Example Word

資本: capital. The Japanese noun '資本 (しほん)' refers to 'capital' in the context of finance, economics, or business. It represents the financial assets or resources used to produce goods or services, such as money, machinery, or buildings. For example: The company needs more capital to expand「その会社は拡大するためにもっと資本が必要です」(そのかいしゃはかくだいするためにもっとしほんがひつようです). Capital is essential for starting a business「ビジネスを始めるには資本が不可欠です」(ビジネスをはじめるにはしほんがふかけつです). This term is commonly used in discussions about investments, funding, or economic growth.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

874

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Choose

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 巽

Example Word

選挙: election. The Japanese verbal noun '選挙 (せんきょ)' refers to the process of voting to choose a person or group of people for a position, typically in a political context. It is commonly used to describe national, local, or organizational elections. For example: The election will be held next month「選挙は来月行われます」(せんきょはらいげつおこなわれます). He won the election「彼は選挙に勝った」(かれはせんきょにかった). This term is often used in formal settings and is central to discussions about democracy and governance.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

875

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wash

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)先Before, Previous

Example Word

洗面器: washbasin. The Japanese noun '洗面器 (せんめんき)' refers to a 'washbasin' or a small basin used for washing one's face or hands. It is commonly found in bathrooms or washrooms and is often used in daily hygiene routines. For example: I filled the washbasin with water「洗面器に水を入れた」(せんめんきにみずをいれた). She washed her face in the washbasin「彼女は洗面器で顔を洗った」(かのじょはせんめんきでかおをあらった). This word is specific to the object and is not used metaphorically.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

877

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crime

Reading

Parts

犭 㔾

Example Word

犯す: commit. The Japanese verb '犯す (おかす)' primarily means 'to commit' and is most often used in the context of committing a crime, sin, or wrongdoing. It carries a strong negative connotation and is typically associated with serious offenses. For example: he committed a crime「彼は罪を犯した」(かれはつみをおかした). It can also be used in a broader sense to mean 'to violate' or 'to transgress', such as violating a rule or moral boundary. For example: she violated the rules「彼女はルールを犯した」(かのじょはルールをおかした). This verb is not used in casual or positive contexts and should be handled with care due to its serious implications.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

893

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Close, Shut

Reading

Parts

門Gate 才Talent, Age

Example Word

閉まる: close. The Japanese verb '閉まる (しまる)' means 'to close'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object and describes something closing on its own. This verb is often used to describe doors, windows, or shops closing. For example: The door closed「ドアが閉まった」(ドアがしまった). The store closes at 9 PM「店は9時に閉まる」(みせはくじにしまる). Note that '閉まる' is different from '閉める (しめる)', which is a transitive verb meaning 'to close something' (e.g., 'I closed the door'「ドアを閉めた」(ドアをしめた)).

Radical

門

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

907

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ashamed, Shame

Reading

Parts

心Heart 耳Ear

Example Word

恥: shame. The Japanese noun '恥 (はじ)' means 'shame'. It refers to the painful feeling of humiliation or distress caused by the consciousness of wrong or foolish behavior. This concept is deeply rooted in Japanese culture, where maintaining honor and avoiding shame are highly valued. For example: He felt shame for his actions「彼は自分の行動に恥を感じた」(かれはじぶんのこうどうにはじをかんじた). She couldn't bear the shame「彼女はその恥に耐えられなかった」(かのじょはそのはじにたえられなかった). The word can also be used in expressions like '恥をかく (はじをかく)', which means 'to be embarrassed' or 'to lose face'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

913

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Talent, Age

Reading

Parts

亅Barb 一One 丿Katakana no

Example Word

天才: genius. The Japanese noun '天才 (てんさい)' refers to a person who possesses extraordinary intellectual or creative abilities, often described as a 'genius'. This term is used to highlight exceptional talent or brilliance in a specific field, such as art, science, or music. For example: he is a genius「彼は天才だ」(かれはてんさいだ). That child is a genius「あの子は天才だ」(あのこはてんさいだ). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something exceptionally well-made or innovative, though this usage is less common. It is important to note that '天才' carries a strong positive connotation and is often used to express admiration or awe.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

916

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Word, Resign

Reading

Parts

舌Tongue 辛Hard, Spicy

Example Word

お世辞: flattery. The Japanese noun 'お世辞 (おせじ)' means 'flattery' or 'compliment', often used in a context where the speaker is being insincere or overly polite. It can carry a slightly negative nuance, implying that the praise is not entirely genuine. For example: He is just flattering you「彼はただお世辞を言っているだけだ」(かれはただおせじをいっているだけだ). Don't take her flattery seriously「彼女のお世辞を真に受けないで」(かのじょのおせじをまにうけないで). The term is often used in social situations where politeness is expected, but sincerity may be lacking.

Radical

辛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

941

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tire, Exhausted

Reading

Parts

疒Sick 皮Skin

Example Word

疲れ: fatigue. The Japanese noun '疲れ (つかれ)' means 'fatigue' or 'tiredness'. It refers to the physical or mental state of being exhausted or worn out. This word is commonly used to describe the feeling after exertion, stress, or lack of rest. For example: I feel fatigue「疲れを感じる」(つかれをかんじる). His fatigue is noticeable「彼の疲れが目立つ」(かれのつかれがめだつ). It can also be used in phrases like '疲れが取れる (つかれがとれる)', meaning 'to recover from fatigue'.

Radical

疒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

959

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Diligence

Reading

Parts

堇 力Power

Example Word

転勤: transfer. The Japanese verbal noun '転勤 (てんきん)' refers to a job transfer, typically involving relocation to a different workplace or branch within the same company. It is commonly used in professional contexts to describe an employee being reassigned to a new location. For example: I was transferred to the Osaka branch「大阪支店に転勤しました」(おおさかしてんにてんきんしました). His transfer was sudden「彼の転勤は突然でした」(かれのてんきんはとつぜんでした). This term is often associated with corporate culture in Japan, where employees may be required to move frequently for work.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

962

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dangerous, Steep

Reading

Parts

⻖ 㑒

Example Word

冒険: adventure. The Japanese verbal noun '冒険 (ぼうけん)' means 'adventure'. It refers to an exciting or unusual experience, often involving risk or danger. This word is commonly used to describe activities or journeys that are thrilling and out of the ordinary. For example: I love adventure「私は冒険が大好きです」(わたしはぼうけんがだいすきです). They went on an adventure「彼らは冒険に出かけました」(かれらはぼうけんにでかけました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe taking risks in life or business, as in '人生の冒険 (じんせいのぼうけん) (the adventure of life)'.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

984

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Blame, Liability

Reading

Parts

龶Life (生)貝Shellfish

Example Word

責める: blame. The Japanese verb '責める (せめる)' means 'to blame' or 'to criticize'. It is used when someone holds another person responsible for a mistake, fault, or wrongdoing. This verb can also carry a nuance of reproach or scolding, often implying a moral or emotional weight. For example: He blamed me for the failure「彼は私を失敗のせいに責めた」(かれはわたしをしっぱいのせいにせめた). She criticized him harshly「彼女は彼を厳しく責めた」(かのじょはかれをきびしくせめた). Note that this verb is often used in contexts where there is a sense of guilt or responsibility involved.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

993

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accustomed

Reading

Parts

忄 貫Pierce, Sushi counter

Example Word

慣れる: get used. The Japanese verb '慣れる (なれる)' means 'to get used to' or 'to become accustomed to'. It is used to describe the process of becoming familiar with something, such as a new environment, situation, or habit. For example: I got used to the new job「新しい仕事に慣れた」(あたらしいしごとになれた). She is getting used to living alone「彼女は一人暮らしに慣れつつある」(かのじょはひとりぐらしになれつつある). This verb is often used in contexts where someone adapts to changes or new circumstances over time.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

994

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exclude, Remove

Reading

Parts

⻖ 余Excess

Example Word

控除: deduction. The Japanese noun '控除 (こうじょ)' refers to a 'deduction', typically in financial or tax contexts. It is used to describe an amount subtracted from a total, such as taxes, expenses, or allowances. For example: tax deduction「税金の控除」(ぜいきんのこうじょ). The company allows a deduction for travel expenses「会社は旅費の控除を認めている」(かいしゃはりょひのこうじょをみとめている). This term is commonly used in official documents, financial statements, and discussions about income or expenses.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1003

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 攵Strike

Example Word

敗戦: defeat. The Japanese verbal noun '敗戦 (はいせん)' means 'defeat' or 'losing a war'. It is commonly used to refer to a military defeat, particularly in the context of wars or battles. However, it can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant loss in other areas, such as sports or competitions. For example: Japan experienced defeat in World War II「日本は第二次世界大戦で敗戦を経験した」(にほんはだいにじせかいたいせんではいせんをけいけんした). The team suffered a crushing defeat「チームは惨敗を喫した」(チームはざんぱいをきっした). Note that '敗戦' carries a formal tone and is often used in historical or serious contexts.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1005

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tooth

Reading

Parts

止Stop 米Rice 凵Open box

Example Word

歯: tooth. The Japanese noun '歯 (は)' means 'tooth'. It refers to the hard, calcified structures in the mouth used for biting and chewing. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and medical contexts. For example: I have a toothache「歯が痛い」(はがいたい). Brush your teeth「歯を磨きなさい」(はをみがきなさい). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as in the phrase '歯が立たない (はがたたない)', which means 'unable to handle' or 'too difficult to tackle'.

Radical

止

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1006

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mistake

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)呉Give, Wu China

Example Word

誤り: mistake. The Japanese noun '誤り (あやまり)' means 'mistake' or 'error'. It refers to an incorrect action, decision, or judgment. This word is often used in formal or written contexts to describe errors in reasoning, calculations, or behavior. For example: I realized my mistake「私は誤りに気づいた」(わたしはあやまりにきづいた). Correcting mistakes is important「誤りを直すことは大切だ」(あやまりをなおすことはたいせつだ). The word can also be used in compound phrases like '誤りを犯す (あやまりをおかす)' (to make a mistake).

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1015

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Suitable

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 啇

Example Word

快適: comfortable. The Japanese noun '快適 (かいてき)' means 'comfortable'. It is used to describe a state or condition that is pleasant, agreeable, and free from discomfort. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as describing a comfortable environment, a comfortable feeling, or a comfortable situation. For example: This chair is comfortable「この椅子は快適です」(このいすはかいてきです). I feel comfortable in this room「この部屋で快適に感じます」(このへやでかいてきにかんじます). The word '快適' often conveys a sense of ease and satisfaction, making it a common term in discussions about living conditions, travel, and personal well-being.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1017

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steal

Reading

Parts

次Next 皿Plate

Example Word

強盗: robbery. The Japanese noun '強盗 (ごうとう)' refers to the act of robbery, which involves stealing from a person or place using force or the threat of force. This term is often used in legal contexts and news reports to describe serious crimes. For example: The robbery happened at the bank「強盗は銀行で起こった」(ごうとうはぎんこうでおこった). He was arrested for robbery「彼は強盗で逮捕された」(かれはごうとうでたいほされた). The word can also be used to describe a robber, but the primary meaning is the act of robbery itself.

Radical

皿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1028

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cat

Reading

Parts

犭 苗Seedling

Example Word

猫: cat. The Japanese noun '猫 (ねこ)' means 'cat'. This word refers to the domestic feline animal, commonly kept as a pet. It can be used in various contexts, such as describing a pet, talking about cats in general, or even in idiomatic expressions. For example: I have a cat「猫を飼っています」(ねこをかっています). The cat is sleeping「猫が寝ている」(ねこがねている). Cats are cute「猫はかわいい」(ねこはかわいい). The word '猫' is straightforward and widely used in everyday conversation.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1031

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lack

Reading

Example Word

欠席: absence. The Japanese verbal noun '欠席 (けっせき)' refers to the act of being absent, particularly from events, meetings, or classes. It is commonly used in formal or academic contexts to indicate non-attendance. For example: I will be absent from the meeting tomorrow「明日の会議は欠席します」(あしたのかいぎはけっせきします). His absence was noted by the teacher「先生は彼の欠席に気づいた」(せんせいはかれのけっせきにきづいた). The word can also be used in written notices or announcements, such as '欠席届 (けっせきとどけ)', which means 'notice of absence'.

Radical

欠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1037

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Expense

Reading

Parts

弗 貝Shellfish

Example Word

費やす: consume or spend. The Japanese verb '費やす (ついやす)' primarily means 'to spend' or 'to consume', often referring to the expenditure of time, money, or resources. It can also imply using something in a way that might be considered wasteful or excessive. For example: He spent a lot of time on that project「彼はそのプロジェクトに多くの時間を費やした」(かれはそのプロジェクトにおおくのじかんをついやした). They consumed all their savings on the trip「彼らは旅行に貯金をすべて費やした」(かれらはりょこうにちょきんをすべてついやした). This verb is commonly used in contexts where the expenditure is significant or noteworthy.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1046

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Toil

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 力Power

Example Word

努力: effort. The Japanese verbal noun '努力 (どりょく)' means 'effort'. It refers to the act of striving or working hard towards a goal. This word is often used in contexts where perseverance and dedication are emphasized. For example: He made an effort to learn Japanese「彼は日本語を学ぶために努力した」(かれはにほんごをまなぶためにどりょくした). Without effort, success is impossible「努力なしでは成功は不可能だ」(どりょくなしではせいこうはふかのうだ). The word can also be used in phrases like '努力家 (どりょくか)', which means 'hard worker' or 'diligent person'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1066

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Standard, Regulation

Reading

Parts

夫Man, Husband 見See

Example Word

規制: regulation. The Japanese verbal noun '規制 (きせい)' refers to 'regulation' or 'control'. It is commonly used in contexts involving rules, restrictions, or measures imposed by authorities to manage or limit certain activities. For example: The government imposed new regulations「政府は新しい規制を設けた」(せいふはあたらしいきせいをもうけた). There are strict regulations on this product「この製品には厳しい規制がある」(このせいひんにはきびしいきせいがある). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as environmental regulations or financial controls, and often carries a formal or official tone.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1074

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wealth

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 才Talent, Age

Example Word

文化財: cultural asset. The Japanese noun '文化財 (ぶんかざい)' refers to 'cultural assets' or 'cultural properties'. These are items of significant cultural, historical, or artistic value that are preserved and protected by law. Examples include historical buildings, artworks, traditional crafts, and intangible cultural heritage like performing arts. For example: This temple is a designated cultural asset「この寺は文化財に指定されています」(このてらはぶんかざいにしていされています). The government protects cultural assets「政府は文化財を保護しています」(せいふはぶんかざいをほごしています). The term emphasizes the importance of preserving cultural heritage for future generations.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1086

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ball

Reading

Parts

王King 求Request, Seek

Example Word

野球: baseball. The Japanese noun '野球 (やきゅう)' means 'baseball'. It refers to the sport of baseball, which is widely popular in Japan. The word is used in various contexts, such as discussing games, players, or the sport in general. For example: I like baseball「私は野球が好きです」(わたしはやきゅうがすきです). He plays baseball「彼は野球をします」(かれはやきゅうをします). The term is also used in compound words, such as '野球場 (やきゅうじょう)' (baseball stadium) or '野球選手 (やきゅうせんしゅ)' (baseball player).

Radical

玉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1093

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Obtain

Reading

Parts

丩 又Again

Example Word

収容: accommodation. The Japanese noun '収容 (しゅうよう)' refers to the act of accommodating or housing people, objects, or animals within a space. It is often used in contexts such as facilities, shelters, or institutions where individuals or items are contained or housed. For example: The shelter accommodates 100 people「その避難所は100人を収容する」(そのひなんじょは100にんをしゅうようする). The prison can house up to 500 inmates「その刑務所は500人まで収容できる」(そのけいむしょは500にんまでしゅうようできる). This word can also be used in broader contexts, such as data storage or event capacity, but its core meaning revolves around the concept of containment or accommodation.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1107

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Couple, By chance

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)禺

Example Word

配偶: spouse. The Japanese noun '配偶 (はいぐう)' refers to a spouse, meaning a husband or wife. This term is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as when discussing marital status or legal rights. For example: He lost his spouse「彼は配偶を失った」(かれははいぐうをうしなった). The rights of a spouse are protected by law「配偶の権利は法律で守られている」(はいぐうのけんりはほうりつでまもられている). Note that '配偶' is more formal than everyday terms like '夫 (おっと)' for husband or '妻 (つま)' for wife, and is typically used in written or official contexts rather than casual conversation.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1130

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Slow, Late

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 尸Corpse 羊Sheep

Example Word

遅い: slow or late. The Japanese adjective '遅い (おそい)' has two distinct meanings: 'slow' and 'late'. When used to mean 'slow', it describes something that takes a long time to move, happen, or be completed. For example: This train is slow「この電車は遅い」(このでんしゃはおそい). When used to mean 'late', it refers to something occurring after the expected or usual time. For example: I am late for the meeting「会議に遅い」(かいぎにおそい). The context in which '遅い' is used will determine whether it means 'slow' or 'late'. It is important to note that this adjective can describe both physical speed and timing, depending on the situation.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1133

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shoe, Shoes

Reading

Parts

革Reform, Leather 化Change

Example Word

靴: shoes. The Japanese noun '靴 (くつ)' means 'shoes'. It refers to footwear worn on the feet, typically covering the foot and extending below the ankle. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing clothing, fashion, or daily activities. For example: I bought new shoes「新しい靴を買いました」(あたらしいくつをかいました). Please take off your shoes「靴を脱いでください」(くつをぬいでください). The word '靴' can also be used in compound words, such as '運動靴 (うんどうぐつ)' (sports shoes) or '革靴 (かわぐつ)' (leather shoes).

Radical

革

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1196

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Invite

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)召Seduce, Summon

Example Word

招待: invitation. The Japanese verbal noun '招待 (しょうたい)' means 'invitation'. It refers to the act of inviting someone to an event, gathering, or occasion. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as inviting someone to a party, meeting, or ceremony. For example: I received an invitation to the wedding「結婚式の招待を受けた」(けっこんしきのしょうたいをうけた). Please send an invitation to the guests「ゲストに招待状を送ってください」(ゲストにしょうたいじょうをおくってください). Note that '招待' can also be used as a verb in its stem form, such as '招待する (しょうたいする)', meaning 'to invite'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1209

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Great, Admirable

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)韋

Example Word

偉い: great or respectable. The Japanese adjective '偉い (えらい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'great', often used to describe someone who has achieved something significant or holds a high status. For example: he is a great person「彼は偉い人だ」(かれはえらいひとだ). The second meaning is 'respectable', used to describe someone who is admirable or deserving of respect. For example: she is a respectable teacher「彼女は偉い先生だ」(かのじょはえらいせんせいだ). It can also be used sarcastically or humorously to describe someone who has done something unexpected or over-the-top. For example: you really went and did that? You're something else!「本当にやったの？偉いね！」(ほんとうにやったの？えらいね！).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1210

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Busy

Reading

Parts

忄 亡Death, Deceased

Example Word

多忙: busy. The Japanese adjectival noun '多忙 (たぼう)' means 'busy'. It is used to describe a state of being very occupied or having a lot of tasks to do. This term is often used in formal or written contexts to convey a high level of busyness. For example: He is busy with work「彼は仕事で多忙だ」(かれはしごとでたぼうだ). Due to the busy schedule, I couldn't attend the meeting「多忙なスケジュールのため、会議に出席できなかった」(たぼうなスケジュールのため、かいぎにしゅっせきできなかった). Note that '多忙' is more formal than the more commonly used '忙しい (いそがしい)', which also means 'busy' but is used in everyday conversation.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1327

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Harbor, Port

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)共Together 己Oneself

Example Word

空港: airport. The Japanese noun '空港 (くうこう)' means 'airport'. It refers to a facility where aircraft take off, land, and are maintained, and where passengers board and disembark. This word is commonly used in travel-related contexts. For example: The airport is far from here「空港はここから遠いです」(くうこうはここからとおいです). I will meet you at the airport「空港で会いましょう」(くうこうであいましょう). The term is neutral and can be used in both formal and informal settings.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1423

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Swim

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)永Eternity

Example Word

泳ぐ: swim. The Japanese verb '泳ぐ (およぐ)' means 'to swim'. It is used to describe the action of moving through water by using one's body, typically arms and legs. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as swimming in a pool, ocean, or river. For example: I swim every morning「私は毎朝泳ぎます」(わたしはまいあさおよぎます). The children are swimming in the pool「子供たちはプールで泳いでいます」(こどもたちはプールでおよいでいます). It's important to note that '泳ぐ' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. When specifying the location where someone is swimming, the particle 'で' is used, as in 'プールで泳ぐ (プールでおよぐ) (to swim in the pool)'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Praise, Agree

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 夫Man, Husband

Example Word

賛成: agreement. The Japanese verbal noun '賛成 (さんせい)' means 'agreement' or 'approval'. It is used to express consent or support for an idea, proposal, or opinion. This word is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as meetings, discussions, or everyday conversations. For example: I agree with your opinion「あなたの意見に賛成です」(あなたのいけんにさんせいです). The committee approved the proposal「委員会はその提案に賛成した」(いいんかいはそのていあんにさんせいした). Note that '賛成' is often paired with the particle 'に' to indicate what is being agreed upon, as in '提案に賛成する (ていあんにさんせいする) (to agree with the proposal)'.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1571

Handwriting