Jōyō KanjiOrganized by Frequency of Use

kanji

Meaning

Detach, Separate

Reading

Parts

离 隹Bird

Example Word

分離: separation. The Japanese verbal noun '分離 (ぶんり)' means 'separation'. It refers to the act or process of dividing or disconnecting something from a whole. This term is often used in both physical and abstract contexts, such as separating objects, ideas, or relationships. For example: the separation of church and state「教会と国家の分離」(きょうかいとこっかのぶんり). The separation of waste is important for recycling「廃棄物の分離はリサイクルに重要です」(はいきぶつのぶんりはりさいくるにじゅうようです). Note that '分離' can also imply a sense of detachment or isolation, depending on the context.

Radical

隹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

401

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 廷Court

Example Word

家庭: family or home. The Japanese noun '家庭 (かてい)' refers to both 'home' and 'family', depending on the context. It emphasizes the domestic environment or household, often including the family unit living together. For example: My home is peaceful「私の家庭は平和です」(わたしのかていはへいわです). A happy family「幸せな家庭」(しあわせなかてい). It is commonly used in contexts discussing family life, household management, or domestic situations. The word carries a sense of warmth and togetherness, often implying a close-knit family unit.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

402

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

All

Reading

Parts

比Compare, Ratio 白White

Example Word

皆様: everyone. The Japanese noun '皆様 (みなさま)' is a polite and respectful way to refer to 'everyone' or 'all of you'. It is often used in formal settings, speeches, or when addressing a group of people with respect. For example: Thank you, everyone「皆様、ありがとうございます」(みなさま、ありがとうございます). Everyone, please take care「皆様、お気をつけてください」(みなさま、おきをつけてください). The term is more formal than '皆 (みな)' and is commonly used in written communication or formal announcements.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

403

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

School

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 交Mix

Example Word

校: school. The Japanese suffix '校 (こう)' means 'school' and is commonly attached to the names or types of educational institutions. It is used to specify the type of school or to refer to a particular school. For example: elementary school「小学校」(しょうがっこう), high school「高校」(こうこう), or Tokyo University「東京大学校」(とうきょうだいがくこう). This suffix is neutral in tone and is widely used in formal and informal contexts. Note that '校' can also appear in compound words related to schools, such as '校舎 (こうしゃ)' (school building) or '校長 (こうちょう)' (school principal).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

404

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dream

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 罒Net 冖Crown 夕Evening

Example Word

夢中: engrossed. The Japanese adjectival noun '夢中 (むちゅう)' means 'engrossed' or 'absorbed'. It describes a state of being completely focused or captivated by something, often to the point of losing awareness of one's surroundings. This word is commonly used to express deep involvement in activities, hobbies, or emotions. For example: I was engrossed in the game「ゲームに夢中だった」(ゲームにむちゅうだった). She is absorbed in her studies「彼女は勉強に夢中です」(かのじょはべんきょうにむちゅうです). The word can also imply a sense of obsession or infatuation, as in: He is infatuated with her「彼は彼女に夢中だ」(かれはかのじょにむちゅうだ).

Radical

夕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

405

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shop

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 占Fortune telling

Example Word

店員: clerk. The Japanese noun '店員 (てんいん)' refers to a 'clerk' or 'shop assistant'. This term is used to describe someone who works in a store, assisting customers, handling transactions, and managing inventory. It is a common term in retail and service industries. For example: The clerk is friendly「店員は親切です」(てんいんはしんせつです). I asked the clerk for help「店員に助けを求めました」(てんいんにたすけをもとめました). The word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, such as in department stores, convenience stores, or specialty shops.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

406

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Parts

类 頁Page

Example Word

種類: kind or type. The Japanese noun '種類 (しゅるい)' refers to a 'kind' or 'type' of something. It is used to categorize or classify things based on their characteristics. For example: there are many kinds of flowers「花の種類はたくさんあります」(はなのしゅるいはたくさんあります). What type of music do you like?「どんな種類の音楽が好きですか？」(どんなしゅるいのおんがくがすきですか？). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can apply to a wide range of contexts, such as food, animals, products, or ideas.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

407

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Temple

Reading

Parts

土Soil 寸Measurement

Example Word

寺院: temple. The Japanese noun '寺院 (じいん)' refers to a 'temple', specifically a Buddhist temple. This term is used to describe a place of worship and practice for Buddhists, often characterized by its architecture, statues, and religious activities. For example: I visited a famous temple「有名な寺院を訪れました」(ゆうめいなじいんをおとずれました). The temple is very old「その寺院はとても古いです」(そのじいんはとてもふるいです). It's important to note that '寺院' is distinct from '神社 (じんじゃ)', which refers to Shinto shrines.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

408

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Metropolis

Reading

Parts

者Someone ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

都内: Tokyo. The Japanese noun '都内 (とない)' refers to the area within Tokyo Metropolis. It is commonly used to specify locations or events that are situated inside Tokyo. For example: I live in Tokyo「私は都内に住んでいます」(わたしはとないにすんでいます). The concert will be held in Tokyo「コンサートは都内で開催されます」(コンサートはとないではいかいされます). This term is particularly useful when distinguishing between Tokyo and other regions in Japan.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

409

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surprise, Surprised

Reading

Parts

馬Horse 敬Respect

Example Word

驚き: surprise. The Japanese noun '驚き (おどろき)' means 'surprise'. It refers to the feeling or state of being surprised, often due to something unexpected or astonishing. This word is commonly used to describe reactions to events, news, or discoveries. For example: His reaction was a surprise「彼の反応は驚きだった」(かれのはんのうはおどろきだった). The magician's trick caused great surprise「マジシャンの手品は大きな驚きを引き起こした」(マジシャンのてじなはおおきなおどろきをひきおこした). The word can also be used in expressions like '驚きの事実 (おどろきのじじつ)' (surprising fact) or '驚きを与える (おどろきをあたえる)' (to give someone a surprise).

Radical

馬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

410

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Construction

Reading

Parts

丅Down (下)一One

Example Word

工夫: device or scheme. The Japanese verbal noun '工夫 (くふう)' refers to a device, scheme, or contrivance, often implying a clever or inventive solution to a problem. It can be used in various contexts, from physical devices to abstract strategies. For example: He devised a clever scheme to solve the problem「彼は問題を解決するための工夫をした」(かれはもんだいをかいけつするためのくふうをした). This machine is equipped with various devices「この機械には様々な工夫が施されている」(このきかいにはさまざまなくふうがほどこされている). The term emphasizes ingenuity and resourcefulness in overcoming challenges.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

411

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wife

Reading

Parts

女Woman 肀

Example Word

妻: wife. The Japanese noun '妻 (つま)' means 'wife'. It refers to a married woman in relation to her spouse. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: my wife is kind「私の妻は優しい」(わたしのつまはやさしい). He introduced his wife「彼は妻を紹介した」(かれはつまをしょうかいした). The word '妻' is neutral and does not carry any particular nuance, making it suitable for various situations. It is important to note that '妻' specifically refers to a wife and not to a girlfriend or fiancée.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

412

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Element

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 龶Life (生)

Example Word

炭素: carbon. The Japanese noun '炭素 (たんそ)' refers to the chemical element 'carbon'. It is commonly used in scientific, environmental, and industrial contexts. Carbon is a fundamental element in organic chemistry and is essential for life. Example sentences: Carbon is an essential element for life「炭素は生命にとって不可欠な元素です」(たんそはせいめいにとってふかけつなげんそです). This material contains carbon「この材料には炭素が含まれています」(このざいりょうにはたんそがふくまれています).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

413

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Some, How many

Reading

Parts

幺Slight 戈 人Person

Example Word

幾ら: price or how much. The Japanese noun '幾ら (いくら)' primarily means 'how much' and is used to inquire about the quantity, amount, or price of something. It is commonly used in questions like 'how much does this cost?' or 'how much is it?'. Additionally, '幾ら' can also mean 'price' in certain contexts, though this usage is less common. Example sentences: How much is this?「これは幾らですか？」(これはいくらですか？). I don't know the price「幾らかわかりません」(いくらかわかりません). Note that '幾ら' is often used in formal or polite contexts, and its usage can vary depending on the situation.

Radical

幺

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

414

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sad

Reading

Parts

非Mistake, Negative 心Heart

Example Word

悲鳴: scream. The Japanese noun '悲鳴 (ひめい)' refers to a scream or shriek, often one that is high-pitched and expresses fear, pain, or surprise. It is commonly used to describe the sound someone makes when they are startled, terrified, or in distress. For example: she let out a scream「彼女は悲鳴を上げた」(かのじょはひめいをあげた). The sound of a scream echoed through the forest「悲鳴が森に響いた」(ひめいがもりにひびいた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or event that causes extreme distress or panic, such as 'the stock market's scream (悲鳴) due to the crash'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

415

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

折る: break or fold. The Japanese verb '折る (おる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', often used when something snaps or is physically broken, such as a branch or a bone. For example: I broke a branch「枝を折った」(えだをおった). The second meaning is 'to fold', used when bending something, like paper or fabric, to create a crease. For example: She folded the paper「彼女は紙を折った」(かのじょはかみをおった). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. Note that this verb is transitive and requires an object.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 売Sell

Example Word

続く: continue. The Japanese verb '続く (つづく)' means 'to continue' or 'to last'. It is used to describe an ongoing action, state, or sequence without interruption. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as events, time, or physical phenomena. For example: The rain continued for three days「雨が三日間続いた」(あめがみっかかんつづいた). The road continues straight ahead「道はまっすぐ続いている」(みちはまっすぐつづいている). Additionally, '続く' can imply a connection or sequence, as in 'The story continues in the next chapter'「物語は次の章に続く」(ものがたりはつぎのしょうにつづく). It is a versatile verb often used in both formal and informal settings.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

417

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide, Cut off

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty 米Rice

Example Word

断つ: cut or sever. The Japanese verb '断つ (たつ)' primarily means 'to cut' or 'to sever'. It is used to describe the act of cutting something off or discontinuing it, often in a decisive or final manner. This verb can be applied to physical actions, such as cutting a rope, or abstract actions, such as breaking a habit or ending a relationship. For example: He decided to cut ties with his old friends「彼は古い友人との関係を断つことにした」(かれはふるいゆうじんとかんけいをたつことにした). She quit smoking「彼女はタバコを断った」(かのじょはタバコをたった). The nuance of '断つ' often implies a deliberate and sometimes difficult decision to end or stop something.

Radical

斤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

418

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Parts

⻖ 艮Stopping

Example Word

限り: extent or limit. The Japanese noun '限り (かぎり)' primarily means 'limit' or 'extent'. It is used to describe the boundary or scope of something, whether physical, temporal, or conceptual. For example: There is no limit to human potential「人間の可能性に限りはない」(にんげんのかのうせいにかぎりはない). As far as I know, he is innocent「私の知る限り、彼は無実です」(わたしのしるかぎり、かれはむじつです). The word can also imply 'as long as' or 'while' in certain contexts, such as: As long as I live, I will protect you「私が生きている限り、あなたを守ります」(わたしがいきているかぎり、あなたをまもります). Note that '限り' is often used in formal or written contexts and carries a nuanced sense of finality or completeness.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

419

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Go across, Go beyond

Reading

Parts

走Run 戉

Example Word

追い越す: overtake. The Japanese verb '追い越す (おいこす)' means 'to overtake'. This verb is used when one vehicle or person passes another that is moving in the same direction. It is commonly used in the context of driving, cycling, or running. For example: The car overtook the truck「その車はトラックを追い越した」(そのくるまはトラックをおいこした). I overtook the runner in front of me「前のランナーを追い越した」(まえのランナーをおいこした). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe surpassing someone in a non-physical sense, such as in a competition or career.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

420

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Spirit, Refine

Reading

Parts

米Rice 青Blue

Example Word

精: essence or vitality. The Japanese noun '精 (せい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'essence', referring to the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something. For example: the essence of life「生命の精」(せいめいのせい). The second meaning is 'vitality', referring to the state of being strong and active. For example: he has a lot of vitality「彼は精が溢れている」(かれはせいがあふれている). This word is often used in contexts related to energy, spirit, or the core nature of something. It can also appear in compounds, such as '精神 (せいしん)' meaning 'mind' or 'spirit'.

Radical

米

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

421

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Measure, Plan

Reading

Parts

十Ten 言Say

Example Word

目覚まし時計: alarm clock. The Japanese noun '目覚まし時計 (めざましどけい)' refers to an 'alarm clock', a device used to wake someone up at a specific time. It is commonly used in daily life to ensure punctuality. For example: I set the alarm clock for 7 AM「目覚まし時計を7時にセットした」(めざましどけいをしちじにセットした). The alarm clock didn't ring this morning「今朝、目覚まし時計が鳴らなかった」(けさ、めざましどけいがならなかった). This word is a compound of '目覚まし (めざまし)', meaning 'waking up', and '時計 (とけい)', meaning 'clock'.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

422

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Make, Build

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 告Announce

Example Word

造る: make or brew. The Japanese verb '造る (つくる)' primarily means 'to make' or 'to create'. It is often used in contexts involving the creation or production of something tangible, such as food, drinks, or objects. For example: He makes wine「彼はワインを造る」(かれはワインをつくる). The second meaning, 'to brew', is specific to the production of alcoholic beverages like sake or beer. For example: They brew sake at this factory「この工場では酒を造る」(このこうじょうではさけをつくる). The verb can also imply a sense of craftsmanship or careful production, especially when used in traditional or artisanal contexts.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

423

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ask, Trust

Reading

Parts

束Bundle, Bind 頁Page

Example Word

頼り: reliance. The Japanese noun '頼り (たより)' means 'reliance' or 'dependence'. It refers to the act of relying on someone or something for support, help, or guidance. This word is often used in contexts where trust or dependence is implied, such as in relationships or when seeking assistance. For example: I have no one to rely on「頼りにする人がいない」(たよりにするひとがいない). He is my only reliance「彼が私の唯一の頼りだ」(かれがわたしのゆいいつのたよりだ). The word can also be used to describe something that serves as a source of support or information, such as a guide or reference.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

424

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

旦那: husband. The Japanese noun '旦那 (だんな)' primarily means 'husband'. It is a somewhat formal or traditional term used to refer to one's husband, often implying respect or a certain level of formality. It can also be used to address or refer to a master or boss, particularly in historical or service contexts. For example: my husband is kind「私の旦那は優しい」(わたしのだんなはやさしい). The master of the house is strict「旦那様は厳しい」(だんなさまはきびしい). Note that in modern usage, '旦那' is less common in casual speech, with '夫 (おっと)' or '主人 (しゅじん)' being more frequently used to refer to a husband.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

425

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Side

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)則Rule

Example Word

向こう側: other side. The Japanese noun '向こう側 (むこうがわ)' means 'the other side' or 'the opposite side'. It is used to refer to the side of something that is opposite to where the speaker or subject is currently located. This can be used in both physical and metaphorical contexts. For example: the other side of the river「川の向こう側」(かわのむこうがわ). On the other side of the world「世界の向こう側」(せかいのむこうがわ). It can also be used to describe the other side of an argument or situation, as in 'the other side of the story'「話の向こう側」(はなしのむこうがわ).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

426

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 人Person ハKatakana ha

Example Word

谷: valley. The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Radical

谷

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

427

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wide

Reading

Parts

厶Private 广Dotted cliff

Example Word

広: wide. The Japanese prefix '広 (こう)' is derived from the kanji 広 and generally conveys the meaning of 'wide' or 'broad'. It is often used in compound words to indicate something expansive or extensive. For example, in the word '広場 (ひろば)', which means 'plaza' or 'open space', the prefix emphasizes the spaciousness of the area. Another example is '広告 (こうこく)', meaning 'advertisement', where the prefix suggests the broad dissemination of information. Example sentences: The park is wide「公園は広い」(こうえんはひろい). This advertisement is effective「この広告は効果的だ」(このこうこくはこうかてきだ).

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

428

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Back, Height

Reading

Parts

北North 肉Meat

Example Word

背中: back. The Japanese noun '背中 (せなか)' refers to the 'back' of a person or animal. It specifically denotes the rear part of the body from the neck to the waist. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can be used in various contexts, such as describing physical posture, pain, or even metaphorical situations. For example: His back is straight「彼の背中はまっすぐだ」(かれのせなかはまっすぐだ). I have a pain in my back「背中が痛い」(せなかがいたい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe support or reliance, as in 'I rely on my friend's back'「友達の背中に頼る」(ともだちのせなかにたよる).

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

429

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Contain, Looks

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 谷Valley

Example Word

容易: easy. The Japanese adjectival noun '容易 (ようい)' means 'easy' or 'simple'. It is used to describe tasks, situations, or actions that require little effort or are straightforward. This word often carries a formal tone and is commonly used in written or formal speech. For example: This problem is easy to solve「この問題は容易に解決できる」(このもんだいはよういにかいけつできる). It is not easy to achieve success「成功を収めるのは容易ではない」(せいこうをおさめるのはよういではない). Note that '容易' is often paired with verbs like 'できる' or 'ではない' to express feasibility or difficulty.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

430

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Push, Press down

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)甲Armor, Shell

Example Word

押さえる: suppress or hold. The Japanese verb '押さえる (おさえる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to hold' or 'to press down', often used to describe physically holding something in place or restraining it. For example: Hold the paper down while I write「紙を押さえてください」(かみをおさえてください). The second meaning is 'to suppress' or 'to control', used in contexts like suppressing emotions or controlling a situation. For example: He suppressed his anger「彼は怒りを押さえた」(かれはおこりをおさえた). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it important to consider the surrounding words for accurate interpretation.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

431

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Play

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 斿Move freely

Example Word

遊ぶ: play. The Japanese verb '遊ぶ (あそぶ)' means 'to play'. It is commonly used to describe engaging in recreational activities, games, or spending leisure time. This verb can be used for children playing, adults enjoying hobbies, or even animals playing. For example: The children are playing in the park「子供たちは公園で遊んでいる」(こどもたちはこうえんであそんでいる). I like to play video games「私はゲームで遊ぶのが好きです」(わたしはゲームであそぶのがすきです). Note that '遊ぶ' can also imply spending time idly or not working, as in 'He is just playing around and not studying'「彼は遊んでいて勉強していない」(かれはあそんでいてべんきょうしていない).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

432

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Castle

Reading

Parts

土Soil 成Become

Example Word

城: castle. The Japanese noun '城 (しろ)' means 'castle'. It refers to a large fortified building or complex, typically associated with historical Japanese architecture and samurai culture. Castles in Japan often served as military strongholds and residences for feudal lords. Example sentences: The castle is beautiful「城は美しい」(しろはうつくしい). I visited Himeji Castle「姫路城を訪れた」(ひめじじょうをおとずれた). Note that '城' can also be part of compound words, such as 'お城 (おしろ)', which is a more casual or affectionate way to refer to a castle.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

433

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

North

Reading

Parts

匕Spoon 冫Ice (水)丨Stick

Example Word

北部: north. The Japanese noun '北部 (ほくぶ)' refers to the 'north' or 'northern part' of a region, area, or country. It is commonly used in geographical contexts to specify the northern section of a place. For example: The northern part of the city is very quiet「この都市の北部はとても静かです」(このとしのほくぶはとてもしずかです). The northern region of Japan is known for its cold winters「日本の北部は冬の寒さで知られています」(にほんのほくぶはふゆのさむさでしられています). This term is often used in formal or descriptive contexts to indicate direction or location.

Radical

匕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

434

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Release

Reading

Parts

方Direction 攵Strike

Example Word

放射能: radiation. The Japanese noun '放射能 (ほうしゃのう)' refers to 'radiation', specifically the emission of energy as electromagnetic waves or as moving subatomic particles. This term is often used in scientific, medical, and environmental contexts. For example: the radiation level is high「放射能のレベルが高い」(ほうしゃのうのレベルがたかい). Exposure to radiation is dangerous「放射能への被曝は危険だ」(ほうしゃのうへのひばくはきけんだ). It's important to note that this word is commonly associated with nuclear energy, medical treatments, and discussions about safety and health risks.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

435

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Do, Sake

Reading

Example Word

為替: exchange. The Japanese noun '為替 (かわせ)' refers to 'exchange', particularly in the context of financial transactions. It is commonly used to describe the exchange of money, such as foreign exchange or money transfers. For example: I need to exchange dollars for yen「ドルを円に為替する必要がある」(ドルをえんにかわせするひつようがある). The bank handles international money transfers「その銀行は国際為替を扱っている」(そのぎんこうはこくさいかわせをあつかっている). This term is often used in financial and banking contexts, and it can also refer to bills of exchange or promissory notes in business transactions.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

436

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give, Involvement

Reading

Example Word

与える: give. The Japanese verb '与える (あたえる)' means 'to give'. It is used to describe the act of providing something to someone, often in a formal or authoritative context. This verb can be used for tangible items, such as gifts or money, as well as intangible things like opportunities, rights, or responsibilities. For example: The teacher gave the students homework「先生は学生に宿題を与えた」(せんせいはがくせいにしゅくだいをあたえた). The government gave the citizens new rights「政府は市民に新しい権利を与えた」(せいふはしみんにあたらしいけんりをあたえた). Note that '与える' often implies a sense of authority or control over what is being given, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like 'あげる'.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

437

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Run

Reading

Parts

土Soil 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

走る: run. The Japanese verb '走る (はしる)' means 'to run'. It is used to describe the action of moving quickly on foot, typically faster than walking. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as running in a race, running away from something, or even metaphorically, like a river running through a valley. For example: I run every morning「私は毎朝走る」(わたしはまいあさはしる). The river runs through the valley「川が谷間を走る」(かわがたにまをはしる). It's important to note that '走る' can also be used in compound verbs, such as '駆け走る (かけはしる)' which means 'to dash' or 'to sprint'.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

438

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Parts

青Blue 争Dispute

Example Word

静まる: calm. The Japanese verb '静まる (しずまる)' means 'to calm down' or 'to become quiet'. It is used to describe a situation, place, or person becoming calm or quiet after a period of noise, activity, or disturbance. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing the calming of a storm, the quieting of a crowd, or the settling of emotions. For example: The storm has calmed down「嵐が静まった」(あらしがしずまった). The room became quiet after the teacher entered「先生が入ってきて、部屋が静まった」(せんせいがはいってきて、へやがしずまった). It is important to note that '静まる' often implies a natural or gradual process of becoming calm or quiet.

Radical

青

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

439

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lodging

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 亻Person (人)百Hundred

Example Word

宿泊: lodging. The Japanese noun '宿泊 (しゅくはく)' refers to the act of staying overnight or lodging at a place, typically used in contexts like hotels, inns, or other accommodations. It is commonly used in formal or travel-related situations. For example: I will stay at a hotel「ホテルに宿泊します」(ホテルにしゅくはくします). The lodging fee is included「宿泊料金は含まれています」(しゅくはくりょうきんはふくまれています). This term is often seen in phrases like '宿泊施設 (しゅくはくしせつ)' (lodging facilities) or '宿泊予約 (しゅくはくよやく)' (lodging reservation).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

440

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 心Heart

Example Word

忘年会: year end party. The Japanese noun '忘年会 (ぼうねんかい)' refers to a 'year-end party'. This is a traditional event held in Japan at the end of the year, typically in December, where colleagues, friends, or groups gather to celebrate the passing year and forget the hardships or troubles of the past year. The word itself combines '忘年' (forgetting the year) and '会' (gathering/party). These parties often involve food, drinks, and sometimes karaoke. Example sentences: Let's have a year-end party「忘年会をしましょう」(ぼうねんかいをしましょう). The company's year-end party was fun「会社の忘年会は楽しかった」(かいしゃのぼうねんかいはたのしかった).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

441

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chirp

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 鳥Bird

Example Word

鳴る: ring. The Japanese verb '鳴る (なる)' primarily means 'to ring' or 'to sound'. It is used to describe the action of producing a sound, often in the context of bells, alarms, or other devices that emit sound. For example: the bell rang「ベルが鳴った」(べるがなった). The alarm clock is ringing「目覚まし時計が鳴っている」(めざましどけいがなっている). Additionally, '鳴る' can be used metaphorically to describe sounds in nature, such as thunder rumbling「雷が鳴る」(かみなりがなる). This verb is commonly used in everyday situations to indicate the occurrence of a sound.

Radical

鳥

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

442

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Storehouse

Reading

Parts

茂Grow thickly, Luxuriant 臣Servant, Retainer

Example Word

冷蔵庫: refrigerator. The Japanese noun '冷蔵庫 (れいぞうこ)' means 'refrigerator'. It refers to an electrical appliance used to store food and keep it cold or frozen. This word is commonly used in everyday life when discussing household items or food storage. For example: Please put the milk in the refrigerator「牛乳を冷蔵庫に入れてください」(ぎゅうにゅうをれいぞうこにいれてください). The refrigerator is broken「冷蔵庫が壊れている」(れいぞうこがこわれている). It's important to note that this word is a compound noun, with '冷蔵' meaning 'cold storage' and '庫' meaning 'storage house' or 'repository'.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

443

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Descend, Fall

Reading

Parts

⻖ 夅

Example Word

乗り降り: boarding or alighting. The Japanese verbal noun '乗り降り (のりおり)' refers to the act of boarding and alighting from a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or car. It is often used in contexts involving transportation. For example: The station is crowded with people boarding and alighting「駅は乗り降りの人で混雑している」(えきはのりおりのひとでこんざつしている). Please be careful when boarding and alighting「乗り降りの際はご注意ください」(のりおりのさいはごちゅういください). This word is commonly seen in transportation-related announcements and signage.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

444

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exquisite, Marvelous

Reading

Parts

女Woman 少Few

Example Word

奇妙: strange or curious. The Japanese adjectival noun '奇妙 (きみょう)' means 'strange' or 'curious'. It is used to describe something that is unusual, peculiar, or intriguing in a way that stands out from the ordinary. This word often carries a neutral or slightly positive nuance, depending on the context. For example: That story is strange「その話は奇妙だ」(そのはなしはきみょうだ). The machine has a curious mechanism「その機械は奇妙な仕組みを持っている」(そのきかいときみょうなしくみをもっている). Note that '奇妙' is often used to describe situations, objects, or phenomena that evoke a sense of wonder or mystery.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 兆Omen, Trillion

Example Word

見逃す: miss or overlook. The Japanese verb '見逃す (みのがす)' can mean either 'to miss' or 'to overlook' depending on the context. When used to mean 'to miss', it refers to failing to see or notice something, often due to inattention or bad timing. For example: I missed the train「電車を見逃した」(でんしゃをみのがした). When used to mean 'to overlook', it refers to deliberately or accidentally ignoring or failing to take action on something. For example: The teacher overlooked the student's mistake「先生は生徒のミスを見逃した」(せんせいはせいとのミスをみのがした). This verb is often used in situations where something important or noteworthy is not properly noticed or addressed.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

446

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Travel

Reading

Parts

方Direction 𠂉Person (人)𧘇Garment (衣)

Example Word

旅費: travel expenses. The Japanese noun '旅費 (りょひ)' refers to the costs associated with traveling, such as transportation, accommodation, and meals. It is commonly used in both personal and business contexts. For example: The company will cover my travel expenses「会社が私の旅費を負担します」(かいしゃがわたしのりょひをふたんします). I need to calculate my travel expenses for the trip「旅行の旅費を計算する必要があります」(りょこうのりょひをけいさんするひつようがあります). This term is often used in formal or professional settings, particularly when discussing reimbursement or budgeting for trips.

Radical

方

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

447

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Evening, Nightfall

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 免Excuse, Exempt

Example Word

晩年: later years. The Japanese noun '晩年 (ばんねん)' refers to the later years of someone's life, often implying the period of old age or the final stage of life. It is commonly used to describe the time when someone is retired or reflecting on their life. For example: He spent his later years in peace「彼は晩年を平和に過ごした」(かれはばんねんをへいわにすごした). The artist created his best works in his later years「その芸術家は晩年に最高の作品を作った」(そのげいじゅつかはばんねんにさいこうのさくひんをつくった). This term carries a nuanced sense of reflection and often implies a period of life marked by wisdom or culmination of experiences.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

448

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Blood

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 皿Plate

Example Word

血圧: blood pressure. The Japanese noun '血圧 (けつあつ)' refers to 'blood pressure', which is the pressure of circulating blood upon the walls of blood vessels. This term is commonly used in medical contexts and everyday health discussions. For example: My blood pressure is high「私の血圧は高いです」(わたしのけつあつはたかいです). It's important to monitor your blood pressure「血圧をチェックすることが大切です」(けつあつをチェックすることがたいせつです). The term is often used in conjunction with health advice or medical check-ups, emphasizing the importance of maintaining a healthy blood pressure level.

Radical

血

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

449

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Servant, Dude

Reading

Parts

女Woman 又Again

Example Word

彼奴: that guy. The Japanese pronoun '彼奴 (あいつ)' is a colloquial and somewhat derogatory term used to refer to a person, typically meaning 'that guy' or 'that person'. It carries a nuance of disdain or contempt, and is often used when the speaker feels negatively towards the person being referred to. For example: I can't stand that guy「あいつが我慢できない」(あいつががまんできない). That guy is always causing trouble「あいつはいつも問題を起こしている」(あいつはいつももんだいをおこしている). It's important to note that this term is informal and can be considered rude, so it should be used with caution, especially in polite or formal settings.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

450

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wisteria

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 滕

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

451

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dance

Reading

Example Word

暑中見舞い: summer greeting. The Japanese noun '暑中見舞い (しょちゅうみまい)' refers to a traditional summer greeting card sent during the hottest part of the year, typically in July or August. It is a way to inquire about someone's well-being and express concern for their health during the intense summer heat. These cards are often sent to friends, family, or colleagues and may include updates about the sender's life or seasonal greetings. Example sentences: I sent a summer greeting to my friend「友達に暑中見舞いを送りました」(ともだちにしょちゅうみまいをおくりました). Did you receive a summer greeting card?「暑中見舞いをもらいましたか？」(しょちゅうみまいをもらいましたか？).

Radical

舛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

452

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rare, Different

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 井Well

Example Word

差異: difference. The Japanese noun '差異 (さい)' means 'difference'. It refers to a distinction or discrepancy between two or more things. This word is often used in formal or technical contexts to describe variations, gaps, or disparities. For example: there is a difference in opinion「意見に差異がある」(いけんにさいがある). The difference between the two products is clear「二つの製品の差異は明らかだ」(ふたつのせいひんのさいはあきらかだ). Note that '差異' is more formal than other words like '違い (ちがい)', which is more commonly used in everyday conversation.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

453

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Weep, Cry

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)立Stand

Example Word

泣き声: crying. The Japanese noun '泣き声 (なきごえ)' refers to the sound of crying, typically made by a person or an animal. It is used to describe the vocal expression of sadness, pain, or distress. For example: I heard a baby's crying「赤ちゃんの泣き声が聞こえた」(あかちゃんのなきごえがきこえた). The cat's crying was loud「猫の泣き声が大きかった」(ねこのなきごえがおおきかった). This word is often used in contexts involving emotional distress or discomfort.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

454

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Weird, Suspicious

Reading

Parts

忄 圣Holy

Example Word

怪しい: suspicious. The Japanese adjective '怪しい (あやしい)' primarily means 'suspicious'. It is used to describe something or someone that seems dubious, questionable, or not entirely trustworthy. This can apply to situations, objects, or people. For example: That person looks suspicious「あの人は怪しい」(あのひとはあやしい). The story sounds suspicious「その話は怪しい」(そのはなしはあやしい). Additionally, '怪しい' can sometimes imply a sense of mystery or the supernatural, as in: The old house looks eerie「その古い家は怪しい」(そのふるいいえはあやしい). The nuance of the word can vary depending on context, but it generally conveys a sense of doubt or unease.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

455

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Send

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 关Close

Example Word

送料: shipping. The Japanese noun '送料 (そうりょう)' refers to the cost or fee associated with shipping or delivering goods. It is commonly used in contexts related to online shopping, mail services, or logistics. For example: The shipping fee is 500 yen「送料は500円です」(そうりょうはごひゃくえんです). Free shipping on orders over 10,000 yen「1万円以上の注文は送料無料です」(いちまんえんいじょうのちゅうもんはそうりょうむりょうです). This term is essential when discussing e-commerce or sending packages, as it specifies the additional cost for delivery services.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

456

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

History

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

歴史: history. The Japanese noun '歴史 (れきし)' means 'history'. It refers to the study or record of past events, particularly those involving human affairs. This word is commonly used in academic, cultural, and everyday contexts to discuss historical events, periods, or the development of societies. For example: I study Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を勉強します」(わたしはにほんのれきしをべんきょうします). This town has a long history「この町は長い歴史があります」(このまちはながいれきしがあります). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the background or development of something, such as a person's life or an organization.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

457

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Float

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)孚

Example Word

浮く: float. The Japanese verb '浮く (うく)' means 'to float'. It is used to describe something that is buoyant and remains on the surface of a liquid or in the air. This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe feelings of detachment or being out of place. For example: the boat floats on the water「ボートが水に浮く」(ボートがみずにうく). I feel like I'm floating in the air「空に浮いているような気がする」(そらにういているようなきがする). In a social context, it can describe someone who feels out of place: he feels like he doesn't belong here「彼はここで浮いている感じがする」(かれはここでういているかんじがする).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

458

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Long time

Reading

Example Word

久しぶり: longtime. The Japanese adjectival noun '久しぶり (ひさしぶり)' is used to express that something is happening after a long time or that it has been a while since something last occurred. It often conveys a sense of nostalgia or excitement about re-engaging with something familiar. For example: It's been a long time since I saw you「久しぶりに会いました」(ひさしぶりにあいました). It's been a while since I ate sushi「久しぶりに寿司を食べました」(ひさしぶりにすしをたべました). This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can also stand alone as an exclamation, such as '久しぶり！' to mean 'Long time no see!' or 'It's been a while!'.

Radical

丿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

459

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Obey, Clothing

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 𠬝Clothing (服)

Example Word

克服: overcoming. The Japanese noun '克服 (こくふく)' means 'overcoming'. It refers to the act of conquering or successfully dealing with a difficulty, challenge, or obstacle. This word is often used in contexts related to personal struggles, such as overcoming fear, illness, or adversity. For example: overcoming fear「恐怖を克服する」(きょうふをこくふくする). She overcame her illness「彼女は病気を克服した」(かのじょはびょうきをこくふくした). The word carries a sense of triumph and achievement, emphasizing the effort and perseverance required to surmount a challenge.

Radical

月

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

460

Radical Form

𠬝

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Status

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 各Each

Example Word

格差: gap. The Japanese noun '格差 (かくさ)' refers to a 'gap' or 'disparity', often used in the context of social, economic, or educational differences. It highlights the inequality or difference in status, income, or opportunities between groups or individuals. For example: the income gap is widening「所得格差が広がっている」(しょとくかくさがひろがっている). There is a significant gap in educational opportunities「教育機会の格差が大きい」(きょういくきかいのかくさがおおきい). This term is frequently used in discussions about social issues, policy-making, and economic analysis.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

461

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Heat, Temperature

Reading

Parts

埶 灬Fire (火)

Example Word

熱する: heat. The Japanese verb '熱する (ねっする)' means 'to heat' or 'to make something hot'. It is used when referring to the action of applying heat to an object or substance. This verb is often used in scientific, technical, or everyday contexts. For example: heat the water「水を熱する」(みずをねっする). The metal was heated「金属が熱された」(きんぞくがねっされた). Note that '熱する' can also imply a metaphorical sense of 'getting excited' or 'being passionate', but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

462

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sell

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 穴Hole

Example Word

売り場: sales floor. The Japanese noun '売り場 (うりば)' refers to a place where goods are sold, such as a sales floor, counter, or department in a store. It is commonly used in retail settings to indicate specific areas where products are displayed and sold. For example: Where is the shoe department?「靴の売り場はどこですか？」(くつのうりばはどこですか？). The cosmetics counter is on the second floor「化粧品の売り場は二階です」(けしょうひんのうりばはにかいです). This word is often combined with the type of product being sold, as in '靴の売り場 (くつのうりば) (shoe department)' or '化粧品の売り場 (けしょうひんのうりば) (cosmetics counter)'.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

463

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)以By means of

Example Word

似せる: imitate. The Japanese verb '似せる (にせる)' means 'to imitate' or 'to make something resemble something else'. It is often used when someone intentionally makes one thing look or act like another. For example: She imitated her teacher's voice「彼女は先生の声に似せた」(かのじょはせんせいのこえににせた). He made the painting resemble a famous artwork「彼はその絵を有名な芸術作品に似せた」(かれはそのえをゆうめいなげいじゅつさくひんににせた). This verb can also be used in contexts where something is designed or altered to mimic another thing, such as in fashion, art, or behavior.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

464

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ear

Reading

Parts

一One 三Three 丨Stick

Example Word

耳: ear. The Japanese noun '耳 (みみ)' means 'ear'. This word refers to the organ of hearing in humans and animals. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: my ear hurts「耳が痛い」(みみがいたい). She whispered in my ear「彼女は私の耳に囁いた」(かのじょはわたしのみみにささやいた). Additionally, '耳' can be used metaphorically to describe something that resembles an ear in shape, such as the handle of a cup, referred to as '耳' in Japanese. It is a versatile word that appears in various idiomatic expressions and compound words.

Radical

耳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

465

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follow, Obey

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 䒑Herbs 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

従業員: employee. The Japanese noun '従業員 (じゅうぎょういん)' refers to an 'employee', someone who works for a company or organization. This term is commonly used in business and workplace contexts to describe individuals who are employed by a company, regardless of their specific role or position. For example: The company has many employees「その会社には多くの従業員がいます」(そのかいしゃにはおおくのじゅうぎょういんがいます). She is a new employee「彼女は新しい従業員です」(かのじょはあたらしいじゅうぎょういんです). The term is neutral and can refer to both full-time and part-time workers.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

466

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Matter, Affair

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)牛Cow

Example Word

要件: requirement. The Japanese noun '要件 (ようけん)' primarily means 'requirement'. It is used to refer to necessary conditions, specifications, or criteria that must be met for a particular purpose. This term is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, legal matters, or software development. For example: the requirements for the job「仕事の要件」(しごとのようけん). The system meets all the requirements「システムはすべての要件を満たしています」(システムはすべてのようけんをみたしています). In some cases, it can also imply essential matters or key points, but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

467

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

City, Market

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 巾Towel

Example Word

市内: city. The Japanese noun '市内 (しない)' refers to the area within a city or town, often used to specify something located inside the city limits. It is commonly used in contexts like transportation, events, or services that are confined to the city area. For example: The event is held within the city「イベントは市内で行われます」(イベントはしないでおこなわれます). The hospital is located in the city「病院は市内にあります」(びょういんはしないにあります). This term is particularly useful when distinguishing between locations inside and outside the city.

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

468

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Person in charge, Connection

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)系Lineage

Example Word

関係: relation. The Japanese verbal noun '関係 (かんけい)' means 'relation' or 'connection'. It is used to describe the relationship or connection between two or more things, people, or concepts. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss relationships, whether they are personal, professional, or abstract. For example: There is no relation between the two events「その二つの出来事には関係がない」(そのふたつのできごとにはかんけいがない). I have a good relationship with my boss「私は上司と良い関係を持っている」(わたしはじょうしとよいかんけいをもっている). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '人間関係 (にんげんかんけい)' (human relationships) or '因果関係 (いんがかんけい)' (causal relationship).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

469

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 父Father

Example Word

交わる: mingle or intersect. The Japanese verb '交わる (まじわる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to intersect', which refers to lines, paths, or roads crossing each other. For example: The two roads intersect here「ここで二つの道が交わる」(ここでふたつのみちがまじわる). The second meaning is 'to mingle', which refers to people or things mixing or interacting with each other. For example: People from different cultures mingled at the event「異なる文化の人々がイベントで交わった」(ことなるぶんかのひとびとがイベントでまじわった). The verb can be used in both physical and abstract contexts, depending on the situation.

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

470

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Work

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)動Move

Example Word

働き: work or function. The Japanese noun '働き (はたらき)' can mean 'work' or 'function'. When referring to 'work', it often describes the act of working or labor, such as in a job or physical effort. For example: His work is important「彼の働きは重要だ」(かれのはたらきはじゅうようだ). When referring to 'function', it describes the role or operation of something, such as a machine or a body part. For example: The function of the heart is to pump blood「心臓の働きは血液を送ることだ」(しんぞうのはたらきはけつえきをおくることだ). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and abstract contexts.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

471

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Buy

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 罒Net

Example Word

買い物: shopping. The Japanese verbal noun '買い物 (かいもの)' means 'shopping'. It refers to the act of purchasing goods or items, typically at stores or markets. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be applied to various shopping contexts, such as grocery shopping, clothes shopping, or online shopping. For example: I went shopping「買い物に行きました」(かいものにいきました). Shopping is fun「買い物は楽しい」(かいものはたのしい). It's important to note that '買い物' is often used with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '行く' (to go) to form phrases like '買い物をする' (to do shopping) or '買い物に行く' (to go shopping).

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

472

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Section, Department

Reading

Parts

斗Ladle, Dipper 禾Cereal

Example Word

耳鼻科: otolaryngology. The Japanese noun '耳鼻科 (じびか)' refers to the medical field of otolaryngology, which deals with conditions related to the ear, nose, and throat. This term is commonly used in medical contexts and is often seen on signs or in hospital departments. For example: I went to the otolaryngology department「耳鼻科に行きました」(じびかにいきました). The otolaryngology clinic is on the third floor「耳鼻科の診察室は3階です」(じびかのしんさつしつはさんかいです). This word is a combination of three kanji: 耳 (ear), 鼻 (nose), and 科 (department or field).

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

473

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Palace, Formal honorific title

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 共Together 殳Pike

Example Word

殿: lord. The Japanese suffix '殿 (との)' is a formal and respectful title used to address or refer to someone of high status, such as a lord, master, or superior. It is often used in historical contexts or in formal writing, such as letters or official documents. For example: addressing a lord「殿、お願いがあります」(との、おねがいがあります). In modern usage, it is less common but can still be found in certain formal or ceremonial contexts. It is important to note that this suffix conveys a high level of respect and should be used appropriately.

Radical

殳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

474

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Discuss

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)炎Flame, Blaze

Example Word

冗談: joke. The Japanese noun '冗談 (じょうだん)' means 'joke'. It refers to something said or done to provoke laughter or amusement, often in a playful or lighthearted manner. This word is commonly used in casual conversations and can be part of phrases like '冗談を言う (じょうだんをいう)', which means 'to tell a joke'. For example: That was just a joke「それはただの冗談だった」(それはただのじょうだんだった). Don't take it seriously, it's a joke「真剣に受け取らないで、冗談だよ」(しんけんにうけとらないで、じょうだんだよ). The word can also imply teasing or sarcasm depending on the context.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

475

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ocean, Western style

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)羊Sheep

Example Word

洋風: western. The Japanese noun '洋風 (ようふう)' refers to something that is in a Western style or influenced by Western culture. It is often used to describe architecture, food, clothing, or other cultural elements that have been adapted from Western traditions. For example: This house is built in a Western style「この家は洋風です」(このいえはようふうです). I like Western-style food「私は洋風の料理が好きです」(わたしはようふうのりょうりがすきです). The term is commonly used to contrast with traditional Japanese styles, such as '和風 (わふう)' which refers to Japanese-style.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

476

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Many, Various

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)者Someone

Example Word

諸島: archipelago. The Japanese noun '諸島 (しょとう)' refers to an 'archipelago', which is a group or chain of islands. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe clusters of islands, such as the Japanese archipelago itself. For example: The Japanese archipelago consists of many islands「日本の諸島は多くの島々から成る」(にほんのしょとうはおおくのしまじまからなる). The Ryukyu Islands are a famous archipelago「琉球諸島は有名な諸島です」(りゅうきゅうしょとうはゆうめいなしょとうです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe any group or collection of similar things, though this usage is less common.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

477

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Window

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 厶Private 心Heart

Example Word

窓口: window or counter. The Japanese noun '窓口 (まどぐち)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning refers to a physical 'window', such as a window in a building or vehicle. The second meaning refers to a 'counter' or service desk, often found in places like banks, post offices, or ticket offices, where transactions or inquiries are handled. For example: Please go to the counter for assistance「窓口でお尋ねください」(まどぐちでおたずねください). The window is open「窓口が開いています」(まどぐちがあいています). The word is commonly used in both literal and service-related contexts, making it versatile in everyday Japanese.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

478

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Music, Bend

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 丨Stick

Example Word

曲線: curve. The Japanese noun '曲線 (きょくせん)' means 'curve'. It refers to a line that is not straight but bends smoothly, often used in contexts like mathematics, art, or describing shapes. For example: The road has many curves「この道は曲線が多い」(このみちはきょくせんがおおい). The artist drew a beautiful curve「その芸術家は美しい曲線を描いた」(そのげいじゅつかはうつくしいきょくせんをえがいた). This word is commonly used in technical, artistic, or everyday descriptions of shapes and paths.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

479

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Arrive, Climax

Reading

Parts

一One 厶Private 土Soil

Example Word

至る: reach. The Japanese verb '至る (いたる)' means 'to reach' or 'to arrive at'. It is often used to describe reaching a destination, conclusion, or state. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The train reached the station「電車が駅に至った」(でんしゃがえきにいたった). After much discussion, we reached a conclusion「多くの議論の末、結論に至った」(おおくのぎろんのすえ、けつろんにいたった). Note that '至る' can also imply a process leading up to the final point, emphasizing the journey or progression.

Radical

至

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

480

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clear, Pure

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)青Blue

Example Word

清潔: clean or hygienic. The Japanese adjectival noun '清潔 (せいけつ)' primarily means 'clean' or 'hygienic'. It is used to describe something that is free from dirt, germs, or impurities, and can refer to both physical cleanliness and moral purity. For example: This hospital is very clean「この病院はとても清潔です」(このびょういんはとてもせいけつです). She always keeps her room clean「彼女はいつも部屋を清潔にしている」(かのじょはいつもへやをせいけつにしている). The word can also imply a sense of neatness or orderliness, and is often used in contexts related to health, hygiene, and personal care.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

481

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give birth

Reading

Parts

生Life 产

Example Word

お土産: souvenir. The Japanese noun 'お土産 (おみやげ)' refers to a 'souvenir' or a gift typically brought back from a trip or visit to a place. It is a common practice in Japan to bring back small gifts for family, friends, or colleagues when returning from a trip. These gifts often represent the local culture or specialties of the visited area. For example: I bought a souvenir from Kyoto「京都でお土産を買いました」(きょうとでおみやげをかいました). This is a souvenir from Hokkaido「これは北海道のお土産です」(これはほっかいどうのおみやげです). The term 'お土産' is often used in a polite or formal context, and it is customary to present these gifts with both hands as a sign of respect.

Radical

生

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

482

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Abdomen

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 复

Example Word

腹: stomach or abdomen. The Japanese noun '腹 (はら)' primarily refers to the 'stomach' or 'abdomen', the part of the body containing the digestive organs. It can also be used metaphorically to describe one's feelings or emotions, such as anger or determination, as in '腹が立つ (はらがたつ)', which means 'to get angry'. Example sentences: My stomach hurts「腹が痛い」(はらがいたい). He has a strong will「彼は腹が据わっている」(かれははらがすわっている).

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

483

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Elephant, Phenomenon

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 豕Pig

Example Word

現象: phenomenon. The Japanese noun '現象 (げんしょう)' refers to a 'phenomenon', which is an observable event or fact. It is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts to describe occurrences that can be observed or experienced. For example: The aurora is a natural phenomenon「オーロラは自然の現象です」(おーろらはしぜんのげんしょうです). This social phenomenon is interesting「この社会的現象は面白い」(このしゃかいてきげんしょうはおもしろい). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as describing trends or behaviors in society.

Radical

豕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

484

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Participate

Reading

Parts

厶Private 彡Fur 大Big

Example Word

参加: participation. The Japanese verbal noun '参加 (さんか)' means 'participation'. It refers to the act of joining or taking part in an event, activity, or group. It is commonly used in formal and informal contexts to describe involvement in meetings, events, or organizations. For example: I will participate in the meeting「会議に参加します」(かいぎにさんかします). She enjoys participating in volunteer activities「彼女はボランティア活動に参加するのが好きです」(かのじょはボランティアかつどうにさんかするのがすきです). Note that '参加' is often paired with verbs like 'する' (to do) or 'する予定です' (plan to do) to indicate participation.

Radical

厶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

485

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Leader, Commander

Reading

Parts

丬 寽

Example Word

将軍: shogun. The Japanese noun '将軍 (しょうぐん)' refers to the historical title of the military dictator of Japan, known as the 'shogun'. This title was used from the 12th to the 19th century, and the shogun was the de facto ruler of Japan, while the emperor was the symbolic head of state. The shogunate system was known as the 'bakufu'. Example sentences: The shogun ruled Japan for centuries「将軍は何世紀も日本を支配した」(しょうぐんはなんせいきもにほんをしはいした). The shogun's power was absolute「将軍の力は絶対的だった」(しょうぐんのちからはぜったいてきだった).

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

486

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Evening

Reading

Parts

勹Wrap 丶Dot

Example Word

夕刊: evening newspaper. The Japanese noun '夕刊 (ゆうかん)' means 'evening newspaper.' This word refers to a newspaper that is published and distributed in the evening, typically containing the latest news and updates of the day. It is often contrasted with '朝刊 (ちょうかん)', which is the morning edition. Example sentences include: I read the evening newspaper every day 「私は毎日夕刊を読みます」 (わたしはまいにちゆうかんをよみます). The evening newspaper has more local news 「夕刊には地元のニュースが多い」 (ゆうかんにはじもとのニュースがおおい). Note that '夕刊' is specifically used to refer to newspapers and not other types of evening publications.

Radical

夕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

487

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Certain

Reading

Parts

石Stone 隹Bird

Example Word

確信: conviction. The Japanese verbal noun '確信 (かくしん)' means 'conviction' or 'firm belief'. It is used to express a strong sense of certainty or confidence in something. This word is often used in contexts where someone is sure about a fact, decision, or outcome. For example: I have a conviction that he will succeed「彼が成功すると確信している」(かれがせいこうするとかくしんしている). She spoke with conviction「彼女は確信を持って話した」(かのじょはかくしんをもってはなした). The word can also be used in negative forms, such as '確信がない (かくしんがない)' (lack of conviction).

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

488

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Association, Group

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 且Moreover, Also

Example Word

組合: union. The Japanese noun '組合 (くみあい)' refers to a 'union', typically a labor union or trade union. It is used to describe an organized association of workers formed to protect and further their rights and interests. This term can also refer to other types of associations or cooperatives, such as a cooperative society or a guild. For example: He joined the labor union「彼は労働組合に入った」(かれはろうどうくみあいにはいった). The farmers' cooperative is strong「農民組合は強い」(のうみんくみあいはつよい). The word can also be used in a broader sense to refer to any kind of organized group or association, but it is most commonly associated with labor unions.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

489

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Government, Bureaucrat

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 㠯Terraced hill

Example Word

官庁: government. The Japanese noun '官庁 (かんちょう)' refers to a government office or agency. It is used to describe the administrative bodies or institutions that are part of the government. This term is often used in formal contexts when discussing governmental operations or structures. For example: The government office is located in Tokyo「官庁は東京にあります」(かんちょうはとうきょうにあります). He works at a government agency「彼は官庁で働いています」(かれはかんちょうではたらいています). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the collective administrative bodies of the government.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

490

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bird

Reading

Parts

白White 一One 灬Fire (火)勹Wrap

Example Word

焼き鳥: grilled chicken. The Japanese noun '焼き鳥 (やきとり)' refers to 'grilled chicken skewers', a popular dish in Japan. It typically consists of bite-sized pieces of chicken grilled on skewers, often seasoned with salt or a tare sauce (a sweet soy-based glaze). This dish is commonly enjoyed at izakayas (Japanese pubs) or street food stalls. Example sentences: I ate grilled chicken skewers at the festival「祭りで焼き鳥を食べた」(まつりでやきとりをたべた). Let's go eat grilled chicken skewers tonight「今夜は焼き鳥を食べに行こう」(こんやはやきとりをたべにいこう). Note that while '焼き鳥' primarily refers to chicken, some variations may include other meats or vegetables.

Radical

鳥

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

491

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rejoice

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 壴

Example Word

大喜び: delight. The Japanese verbal noun '大喜び (おおよろこび)' means 'delight' or 'great joy'. It is used to express a state of being extremely happy or overjoyed about something. This term often conveys a sense of visible excitement or celebration. For example: She was delighted with the gift「彼女はプレゼントに大喜びした」(かのじょはぷれぜんとにおおよろこびした). The children were overjoyed when they saw the cake「子供たちはケーキを見て大喜びした」(こどもたちはけーきをみておおよろこびした). The term is commonly used in situations where the joy is openly expressed and shared with others.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

492

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

South

Reading

Parts

十Ten 冂Enclosure 羊Sheep

Example Word

南北: north south. The Japanese noun '南北 (なんぼく)' refers to the concept of 'north and south' or the direction spanning from north to south. It is often used to describe geographical orientation, such as the layout of a country, region, or even a room. For example: Japan stretches from north to south「日本は南北に長い」(にほんはなんぼくにながい). The road runs north-south「その道は南北に走っている」(そのみちはなんぼくにはしっている). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe opposing or contrasting directions, such as in politics or opinions.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

493

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Grove

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

林: woods. The Japanese noun '林 (はやし)' refers to a small or medium-sized wooded area, often smaller than a forest. It is used to describe a grove or a cluster of trees. For example: there is a woods near my house「私の家の近くに林があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにはやしがあります). We took a walk in the woods「私たちは林の中を散歩しました」(わたしたちははやしのなかをさんぽしました). The word is distinct from '森 (もり)', which refers to a larger forest.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

494

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Relation, Edge

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 豕Pig

Example Word

縁: edge or fate. The Japanese noun '縁 (えん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'fate' or 'destiny', referring to a connection or bond between people, often implying a predestined relationship. For example: We met by fate「私たちは縁で出会った」(わたしたちはえんでであった). The second meaning is 'edge' or 'rim', referring to the boundary or outer part of something. For example: The edge of the table is chipped「テーブルの縁が欠けている」(テーブルのえんがかけている). The context in which '縁' is used will determine whether it refers to fate or an edge, so pay attention to the surrounding words.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

495

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Palace

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 呂Bath

Example Word

宮廷: court. The Japanese noun '宮廷 (きゅうてい)' refers to the 'court' in the sense of a royal or imperial court. It is used to describe the place where a monarch or emperor resides and conducts official business, as well as the people and activities associated with it. This term is often used in historical or formal contexts. For example: The emperor held a grand ceremony at the court「天皇は宮廷で盛大な儀式を行った」(てんのうはきゅうていでせいだいなぎしきをおこなった). The court was filled with nobles and dignitaries「宮廷には貴族や高官が集まっていた」(きゅうていにはきぞくやこうかんがあつまっていた).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

496

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inside, Rear

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 里Hometown

Example Word

裏切る: betray. The Japanese verb '裏切る (うらぎる)' means 'to betray'. It is used to describe the act of breaking trust or loyalty, often in a significant or hurtful way. This verb can be applied to various contexts, such as personal relationships, organizations, or even ideals. For example: he betrayed his friend「彼は友達を裏切った」(かれはともだちをうらぎった). She felt betrayed by her colleague「彼女は同僚に裏切られたと感じた」(かのじょはどうりょうにうらぎられたとかんじた). The word carries a strong emotional weight and is often used in serious or dramatic situations.

Radical

衣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

497

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

River

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)可Possible

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

498

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Permit, Allow

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)午Noon

Example Word

免許: license. The Japanese noun '免許 (めんきょ)' refers to an official permission or license granted by an authority, allowing someone to perform a specific activity or profession. It is commonly used in contexts such as driving licenses, professional certifications, or permits. For example: I got my driver's license「運転免許を取得しました」(うんてんめんきょをしゅとくしました). He has a teaching license「彼は教員免許を持っています」(かれはきょういんめんきょをもっています). The term emphasizes the formal and legal aspect of being authorized to do something.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

499

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Line

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 泉Spring, Fountain

Example Word

電線: wire. The Japanese noun '電線 (でんせん)' refers to an electrical wire or cable. It is commonly used to describe the wires that transmit electricity, such as those found in power lines or electrical appliances. For example: The wire is broken「電線が切れている」(でんせんがきれている). Be careful not to touch the wire「電線に触らないでください」(でんせんにさわらないでください). This word is specific to electrical wiring and is not used for other types of strings or ropes.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

500

Handwriting