Jōyō KanjiOrganized by Onyomi reading

kanji

Meaning

Go

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 一One 丁Street

Example Word

飛行機: airplane. The Japanese noun '飛行機 (ひこうき)' means 'airplane'. It refers to a powered flying vehicle with fixed wings and a weight greater than that of the air it displaces. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation when discussing travel, transportation, or aviation. For example: I will go to America by airplane「私は飛行機でアメリカに行きます」(わたしはひこうきでアメリカにいきます). The airplane is flying in the sky「飛行機が空を飛んでいます」(ひこうきがそらをとんでいます). It's important to note that '飛行機' specifically refers to airplanes and not other types of aircraft like helicopters or gliders.

Radical

行

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

18

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

After, Behind

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 夂Late 幺Slight

Example Word

最後: end. The Japanese noun '最後 (さいご)' means 'end' or 'last'. It refers to the final part of something, such as the conclusion of an event, the last moment of a situation, or the ultimate outcome. It can also imply a sense of finality or irreversibility. For example: This is the end of the movie「これは映画の最後です」(これはえいがのさいごです). He stayed until the very end「彼は最後まで残った」(かれはさいごまでのこった). The word can also be used to emphasize the finality of an action, as in '最後のチャンス (さいごのチャンス) (last chance)'.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

45

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mouth

Reading

Parts

冂Enclosure 一One

Example Word

無口: quiet. The Japanese adjectival noun '無口 (むくち)' refers to someone who is 'quiet' or 'taciturn', often describing a person who speaks little or is not talkative. It is used to characterize someone's personality or behavior. For example: He is a quiet person「彼は無口な人です」(かれはむくちなひとです). She became quiet after the incident「彼女はその出来事の後、無口になりました」(かのじょはそのできごとのあと、むくちになりました). This term is neutral and does not inherently carry a positive or negative connotation, though context can influence its interpretation.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

82

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Think, Consider

Reading

Parts

耂Old (老)丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

参考: reference. The Japanese noun '参考 (さんこう)' means 'reference'. It is used to indicate something that is consulted for information or guidance. This word is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts when referring to materials, data, or advice that helps in making decisions or understanding a topic. For example: Please use this book as a reference「この本を参考にしてください」(このほんをさんこうにしてください). This data is for reference only「このデータは参考までです」(このデータはさんこうまでです). The word can also imply that the information is supplementary and not definitive.

Radical

老

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

91

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Facing, Yonder

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 冋Desert

Example Word

一向: not at all. The Japanese adverb '一向 (いっこう)' is used to emphasize that something is not happening or not being done at all, often in a negative context. It is commonly paired with negative verbs or expressions to convey a strong sense of 'not at all' or 'not in the least.' For example: He is not improving at all「彼は一向に良くならない」(かれはいっこうによくならない). The work is not progressing at all「仕事が一向に進まない」(しごとがいっこうにすすまない). This adverb is often used to express frustration or disappointment when something is not changing or improving despite expectations.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

103

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

High, Expensive

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 口Mouth 冂Enclosure

Example Word

高原: plateau. The Japanese noun '高原 (こうげん)' refers to a 'plateau', which is a flat, elevated landform that rises sharply above the surrounding area on at least one side. This term is commonly used in geography and travel contexts to describe highland areas. For example: The plateau is beautiful「高原は美しい」(こうげんはうつくしい). We went hiking on the plateau「高原でハイキングをしました」(こうげんでハイキングをしました). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a state of stability or a high level, such as in economic or emotional contexts.

Radical

高

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

125

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Light

Reading

Parts

⺌Small (小)一One 儿Legs

Example Word

日光: sunlight. The Japanese noun '日光 (にっこう)' primarily means 'sunlight'. It refers to the light that comes from the sun, often emphasizing its brightness or warmth. This word is commonly used in contexts related to nature, weather, or describing the atmosphere created by sunlight. For example: The sunlight is warm「日光が暖かい」(にっこうがあたたかい). The room is filled with sunlight「部屋に日光が差し込んでいる」(へやににっこうがさしこんでいる). Additionally, '日光' can also refer to the famous city 'Nikko' in Japan, known for its historical temples and natural beauty, but this usage is context-dependent and less common in everyday conversation.

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

170

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Like, Fond

Reading

Parts

女Woman 子Child

Example Word

好き: like. The Japanese adjectival noun '好き (すき)' means 'like' or 'fond of'. It is used to express a preference or affection for something or someone. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation to indicate personal tastes or interests. For example: I like cats「猫が好きです」(ねこがすきです). She likes music「彼女は音楽が好きです」(かのじょはおんがくがすきです). It's important to note that '好き' is often used with the particle 'が' to indicate the object of affection or preference, as in '猫が好き (ねこがすき) (like cats)'.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

177

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Public

Reading

Parts

八Eight 厶Private

Example Word

公的: public or official. The Japanese adjectival noun '公的 (こうてき)' refers to something related to the public or official matters. It is often used to describe actions, organizations, or systems that are connected to the government, public institutions, or formal procedures. For example: public funding「公的な資金」(こうてきなしきん). This is an official document「これは公的な書類です」(これはこうてきなしょるいです). The word can also imply a sense of formality or legitimacy, as in '公的な立場 (こうてきなたちば) (official position)'.

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

295

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Creek, Inlet

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)工Construction

Example Word

江: bay. The Japanese suffix '江 (こう)' means 'bay' and is often used in geographical names to denote a bay or inlet. It is commonly found in place names, such as 'Tokyo Bay (東京湾, とうきょうわん)' or 'Osaka Bay (大阪湾, おおさかわん)'. This suffix is typically used in formal or historical contexts and is not commonly used in everyday conversation. For example: Tokyo Bay is beautiful「東京湾は美しい」(とうきょうわんはうつくしい). The ships are anchored in Osaka Bay「船は大阪湾に停泊している」(ふねはおおさかわんにていはくしている).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

376

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Happiness

Reading

Parts

土Soil 𢆉Sheep (羊)

Example Word

幸い: fortunate. The Japanese adjectival noun '幸い (さいわい)' means 'fortunate' or 'luckily'. It is used to describe a situation or outcome that is favorable or beneficial. This word can also function as an adverb, meaning 'fortunately' or 'luckily'. For example: Fortunately, it didn't rain「幸い、雨は降らなかった」(さいわい、あめはふらなかった). It was fortunate that he arrived on time「彼が時間通りに到着して幸いだった」(かれがじかんどおりにとうちゃくしてさいわいだった). The word often carries a sense of gratitude or relief about the positive outcome.

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

380

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

School

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 交Mix

Example Word

中学校: junior high. The Japanese noun '中学校 (ちゅうがっこう)' refers to 'junior high school', which is the educational institution students attend after elementary school and before high school in Japan. It typically covers grades 7 to 9. This term is commonly used in educational contexts and is an essential part of the Japanese school system. For example: I go to junior high school「私は中学校に行きます」(わたしはちゅうがっこうにいきます). My sister is a junior high school student「私の妹は中学生です」(わたしのいもうとはちゅうがくせいです). The word can also be used to describe activities or events related to junior high school, such as '中学校の先生 (ちゅうがっこうのせんせい)' (junior high school teacher).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

404

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Construction

Reading

Parts

丅Down (下)一One

Example Word

工学部: engineering. The Japanese noun '工学部 (こうがくぶ)' refers to the 'engineering department' or 'faculty of engineering' at a university. It is commonly used to describe the academic division or department that focuses on engineering studies. For example: He is studying in the engineering department「彼は工学部で勉強しています」(かれはこうがくぶでべんきょうしています). The engineering department is in that building「工学部はあの建物にあります」(こうがくぶはあのたてものにあります). This term is specific to academic contexts and is widely understood in Japanese educational settings.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

411

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wide

Reading

Parts

厶Private 广Dotted cliff

Example Word

広告: advertisement. The Japanese verbal noun '広告 (こうこく)' means 'advertisement'. It refers to a notice or announcement promoting a product, service, or event. This word is commonly used in contexts related to marketing, media, and business. For example: I saw an advertisement on TV「テレビで広告を見た」(テレビでこうこくをみた). The company placed an advertisement in the newspaper「会社は新聞に広告を出した」(かいしゃはしんぶんにこうこくをだした). '広告' can also be used in compound words like '広告費 (こうこくひ)' (advertising expenses) or '広告代理店 (こうこくだいりてん)' (advertising agency).

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

428

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Descend, Fall

Reading

Parts

⻖ 夅

Example Word

以降: after. The Japanese noun '以降 (いこう)' means 'after' or 'from a certain point onward'. It is used to indicate a time or event that marks the beginning of a period, and everything that follows it. This word is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: after 5 PM「5時以降」(ごじいこう). From tomorrow onward「明日以降」(あしたいこう). It can also be used to refer to events or situations that occur after a specific point in time, such as 'after the war'「戦争以降」(せんそういこう). Note that '以降' is typically used for time-related contexts and is more formal than other similar words like '後 (あと)'.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

444

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Status

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 各Each

Example Word

価格: price. The Japanese noun '価格 (かかく)' means 'price'. It refers to the amount of money required to purchase a product or service. This term is commonly used in contexts related to shopping, economics, and business. For example: The price of this product is high「この商品の価格は高い」(このしょうひんのかかくはたかい). We need to lower the price「価格を下げる必要がある」(かかくをさげるひつようがある). It is important to note that '価格' is a formal term and is often used in written or official contexts, as opposed to the more casual term '値段 (ねだん)', which is used in everyday conversation.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

461

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 父Father

Example Word

交差: crossing. The Japanese noun '交差 (こうさ)' means 'crossing'. It refers to the point or place where two or more things intersect or cross each other, such as roads, lines, or paths. This term is commonly used in contexts involving transportation, geometry, or any scenario where paths or lines intersect. For example: the crossing of two roads「二つの道路の交差」(ふたつのどうろのこうさ). The railway crossing is ahead「鉄道の交差が先です」(てつどうのこうさがさきです). It can also be used metaphorically to describe the intersection of ideas or events.

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

470

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Look up

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)卬

Example Word

仰ぐ: lookup. The Japanese verb '仰ぐ (あおぐ)' primarily means 'to look up' or 'to raise one's head to look at something above'. It can also imply a sense of respect or admiration, as in looking up to someone. For example: He looked up at the stars「彼は星を仰いだ」(かれはほしをあおいだ). She looks up to her teacher「彼女は先生を仰ぐ」(かのじょはせんせいをあおぐ). Additionally, '仰ぐ' can be used in a more figurative sense to mean 'to seek' or 'to rely on', as in seeking advice or relying on someone's judgment. For example: They sought the leader's advice「彼らはリーダーの助言を仰いだ」(かれらはリーダーのじょげんをあおいだ).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

509

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Interest, Entertain

Reading

Parts

臼Mortar 同Same ハ

Example Word

興味: interest. The Japanese noun '興味 (きょうみ)' means 'interest'. It refers to a feeling of curiosity or concern about something, leading to a desire to learn or know more about it. This word is often used in contexts involving hobbies, studies, or general curiosity. For example: I have an interest in Japanese culture「私は日本文化に興味があります」(わたしはにほんぶんかにおもしろみがあります). She showed interest in the new project「彼女は新しいプロジェクトに興味を示しました」(かのじょはあたらしいプロジェクトにきょうみをしめしました). The word can also be used in negative forms to express a lack of interest, as in 'I have no interest in sports'「私はスポーツに興味がありません」(わたしはスポーツにきょうみがありません).

Radical

臼

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

532

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Renew, Grow late

Reading

Parts

曰

Example Word

今更: now or belatedly. The Japanese adverb '今更 (いまさら)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'now', but with a nuance of something being done or realized at the current moment, often implying it's too late or unexpected. The second meaning is 'belatedly', indicating that something is being done or realized much later than it should have been. Example sentences: It's too late to apologize now「今更謝っても遅いよ」(いまさらあやまってもおそいよ). He belatedly realized his mistake「彼は今更自分の間違いに気づいた」(かれはいまさらじぶんのまちがいにきづいた).

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

533

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Structure, Care

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 冓

Example Word

構造: structure. The Japanese noun '構造 (こうぞう)' refers to the 'structure' of something, whether it be physical, organizational, or conceptual. It is used to describe the arrangement and interrelation of parts in a complex entity. For example: the structure of a building「建物の構造」(たてもののこうぞう). The structure of society「社会の構造」(しゃかいのこうぞう). This word is often used in technical, architectural, or sociological contexts to describe how components are organized and function together.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

557

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Climate

Reading

Parts

丨Stick 侯Marquis, Feudal lord

Example Word

候補: candidate. The Japanese noun '候補 (こうほ)' means 'candidate'. It is commonly used to refer to someone who is being considered for a position, role, or opportunity. This term is often used in political, professional, or academic contexts. For example: he is a candidate for the position「彼はそのポジションの候補です」(かれはそのポジションのこうほです). She is a candidate for the scholarship「彼女は奨学金の候補です」(かのじょはしょうがくきんのこうほです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as being a candidate for a prize or an award.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

580

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hill

Reading

Parts

冂Enclosure 䒑Herbs 山Mountain

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

670

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Armor, Shell

Reading

Parts

田Rice field ｜

Example Word

甲: shell or first. The Japanese noun '甲 (こう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to the shell of a turtle or tortoise, often used in traditional contexts or literature. For example: the turtle's shell is hard「亀の甲は硬い」(かめのこうはかたい). The second meaning is 'first' in a sequence, such as in the traditional ordering system (甲, 乙, 丙, etc.), which is similar to 'A, B, C' in English. For example: this is the first item「これは甲の項目です」(これはこうのこうもくです). The word is also used in compound words like '甲羅 (こうら)' (shell) or '甲乙 (こうおつ)' (first and second).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

696

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Yellow

Reading

Parts

由Reason 八Eight 一One 艹Grass

Example Word

黄: yellow. The Japanese noun '黄 (き)' means 'yellow'. It refers to the color yellow and is often used in contexts related to colors, such as describing objects, nature, or art. For example: The leaves turn yellow in autumn「秋には葉が黄色になる」(あきにははがきいろになる). She wore a yellow dress「彼女は黄色のドレスを着ていた」(かのじょはきいろのドレスをきていた). While '黄' can sometimes be used in compound words or names, its primary meaning is the color yellow.

Radical

黃

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

699

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wild, Rough

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 巟

Example Word

荒す: damage. The Japanese verb '荒す (あらす)' means 'to damage' or 'to ruin'. It is often used to describe the act of causing destruction or disorder to something, such as a place, object, or situation. This verb carries a nuance of leaving something in a worse state than before. For example: The storm damaged the garden「嵐が庭を荒した」(あらしがにわをあらした). Vandals ruined the park「破壊者が公園を荒した」(はかいしゃがこうえんをあらした). Note that '荒す' is typically used in contexts where the damage is intentional or caused by neglect, rather than accidental.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

749

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fragrance

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 禾Cereal

Example Word

香り: scent. The Japanese noun '香り (かおり)' refers to a pleasant smell or fragrance. It is commonly used to describe the aroma of flowers, food, or other pleasant odors. For example: the scent of roses is lovely「バラの香りは素敵です」(ばらのかおりはすてきです). I love the scent of coffee「コーヒーの香りが大好きです」(コーヒーのかおりがだいすきです). This word is often associated with positive and soothing smells, and it can be used in both casual and formal contexts.

Radical

香

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

773

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Emperor

Reading

Parts

王King 白White

Example Word

皇子: prince. The Japanese noun '皇子 (おうじ)' refers to a 'prince', specifically the son of an emperor or a king. This term is used in the context of royalty and is often seen in historical or formal settings. It carries a sense of nobility and high status. For example: The prince is very kind「皇子はとても親切です」(おうじはとてもしんせつです). The prince visited the village「皇子は村を訪れました」(おうじはむらをおとずれました). It's important to note that '皇子' is a more formal term compared to '王子 (おうじ)', which can also mean 'prince' but is used more broadly for any prince, not necessarily the son of an emperor.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

782

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crimson

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 工Construction

Example Word

紅葉: autumn leaves. The Japanese verbal noun '紅葉 (こうよう)' refers to the phenomenon of leaves changing color in autumn, often specifically to the vibrant reds and yellows seen in Japanese maple trees. It is also used to describe the act of leaves changing color. This word is deeply tied to the appreciation of seasonal beauty in Japanese culture. Example sentences: The autumn leaves are beautiful「紅葉がきれいです」(こうようがきれいです). Let's go see the autumn leaves「紅葉を見に行きましょう」(こうようをみにいきましょう).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

791

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Merit, Achievement

Reading

Parts

力Power 工Construction

Example Word

成功: success. The Japanese verbal noun '成功 (せいこう)' means 'success'. It refers to the achievement of a desired goal or outcome. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal, professional, or academic achievements. For example: His success was celebrated by everyone「彼の成功は皆に祝われた」(かれのせいこうはみんなにいわわれた). The project was a great success「そのプロジェクトは大成功だった」(そのプロジェクトはだいせいこうだった). Note that '成功' can also be used as a verb when combined with the auxiliary verb 'する', as in '成功する (せいこうする)', meaning 'to succeed'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

991

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lecture

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)冓

Example Word

講義: lecture. The Japanese verbal noun '講義 (こうぎ)' refers to a formal lecture or academic instruction, typically given by a teacher or professor in an educational setting. It is commonly used in universities and schools to describe a structured presentation of knowledge on a specific subject. For example: I attended a lecture on Japanese history「日本の歴史の講義に出席した」(にほんのれきしのこうぎにしゅっせきした). The professor gave a lecture on economics「教授が経済学の講義をした」(きょうじゅがけいざいがくのこうぎをした). This term is often associated with formal education and is distinct from casual or informal discussions.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1050

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skill, Adept

Reading

Parts

工Construction 丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

巧み: skillful. The Japanese adjectival noun '巧み (たくみ)' means 'skillful'. It describes someone or something that is adept, clever, or masterful in performing a task or creating something. It often carries a nuance of artistry or finesse. For example: His skillful speech moved the audience「彼の巧みなスピーチは聴衆を感動させた」(かれのたくみなすぴーちはちょうしゅうをかんどうさせた). The artist's skillful brushwork is amazing「その画家の巧みな筆遣いは素晴らしい」(そのがかのたくみなふでづかいはすばらしい). This word is often used to describe craftsmanship, strategy, or performance.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1069

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Healthy, Peaceful

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 隶

Example Word

健康: health. The Japanese adjectival noun '健康 (けんこう)' means 'health'. It refers to the state of being physically and mentally well. It is often used to describe a person's condition or lifestyle. For example: maintaining good health is important「健康を保つことは大切です」(けんこうをたもつことはたいせつです). She is in good health「彼女は健康です」(かのじょはけんこうです). This word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '健康診断 (けんこうしんだん)' (health checkup).

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1072

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rope, Hawser

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 岡Hill

Example Word

綱: rope. The Japanese noun '綱 (つな)' refers to a 'rope'. This word is used to describe a thick, strong cord made by twisting together strands of natural or synthetic fibers. It is commonly used in contexts involving tying, pulling, or securing objects. For example: Please tie the boat with the rope「ボートを綱で結んでください」(ボートをつなでむすんでください). The rope is strong「その綱は強いです」(そのつなはつよいです). Additionally, '綱' can metaphorically represent a connection or bond between people, such as in the phrase '絆 (きずな)', which also means 'bond' but is written with a different kanji.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1143

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Thick, Kind

Reading

Parts

厂Cliff 日Day, Sun 子Child

Example Word

厚い: thick or kind. The Japanese adjective '厚い (あつい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'thick', referring to the physical thickness of an object, such as a book or a piece of clothing. For example: this book is thick「この本は厚い」(このほんはあつい). The second meaning is 'kind' or 'deep', often used to describe someone's kindness or the depth of a relationship. For example: he is very kind「彼はとても厚い人だ」(かれはとてもあついひとだ). It's important to note that the context in which '厚い' is used will determine whether it refers to physical thickness or emotional depth.

Radical

厂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1170

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resist, Confront

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)亢

Example Word

抗議: protest. The Japanese verbal noun '抗議 (こうぎ)' means 'protest'. It refers to an expression of objection, disapproval, or dissent, often in response to an action, decision, or policy. This term is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as political, social, or workplace situations. For example: The workers submitted a protest against the new policy「労働者たちは新しい政策に抗議を提出した」(ろうどうしゃたちはあたらしいせいさくにこうぎをていしゅつした). The citizens held a protest against the construction plan「市民たちは建設計画に抗議を行った」(しみんたちはけんせつけいかくにこうぎをおこなった). Note that '抗議' can also be used as a verb when combined with suru, as in '抗議する (こうぎする)', meaning 'to protest'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1173

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hole, Cavity

Reading

Parts

子Child 乚

Radical

子

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1214

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Compare, Contrast

Reading

Parts

車Car 交Mix

Example Word

比較的: relatively. The Japanese adverb '比較的 (ひかくてき)' means 'relatively'. It is used to indicate that something is being compared to a standard or norm, suggesting that it is somewhat or moderately so in relation to that standard. It often carries a nuance of being more than expected or more than average, but not extremely so. For example: This problem is relatively easy「この問題は比較的簡単だ」(このもんだいはひかくてきかんたんだ). The weather today is relatively warm「今日の天気は比較的暖かい」(きょうのてんきはひかくてきあたたかい). It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation.

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1216

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Effective

Reading

Parts

交Mix 力Power

Example Word

効力: effectiveness. The Japanese noun '効力 (こうりょく)' refers to the effectiveness, efficacy, or power of something to produce a desired result. It is often used in legal, medical, or technical contexts to describe the force or validity of a rule, law, medicine, or method. For example: This medicine has lost its effectiveness「この薬は効力を失った」(このくすりはこうりょくをうしなった). The new law will take effect next month「新しい法律は来月効力を持つ」(あたらしいほうりつはらいげつこうりょくをもつ). Note that '効力' emphasizes the practical impact or result of something, rather than its theoretical potential.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1259

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Attack, Aggression

Reading

Parts

工Construction 攵Strike

Example Word

攻める: attack. The Japanese verb '攻める (せめる)' means 'to attack'. This verb is used to describe the act of initiating an aggressive action against someone or something, often in the context of battle, sports, or competition. It can also be used metaphorically to describe taking an assertive approach in non-physical contexts. For example: the soldiers attacked the castle「兵士たちは城を攻めた」(へいしたちはしろをせめた). The team attacked the opponent's weak point「チームは相手の弱点を攻めた」(チームはあいてのじゃくてんをせめた). In some contexts, it can also imply a strategic or calculated approach to overcoming an obstacle or challenge.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1294

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Filial piety

Reading

Parts

耂Old (老)子Child

Radical

子

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1298

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Manuscript, Draft

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 高High, Expensive

Example Word

原稿用紙: manuscript. The Japanese noun '原稿用紙 (げんこうようし)' refers to a specific type of paper used for writing manuscripts, essays, or other formal written works. It is typically grid-lined, with each square representing one character, making it easier to count and organize text. This paper is commonly used in schools, for literary submissions, or in professional writing. For example: I wrote my essay on manuscript paper「私は原稿用紙に作文を書いた」(わたしはげんこうようしにさくぶんをかいた). Please submit your work on manuscript paper「原稿用紙に作品を提出してください」(げんこうようしにさくひんをていしゅつしてください).

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1299

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lid

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 盍

Example Word

蓋: lid. The Japanese noun '蓋 (ふた)' means 'lid'. It refers to a cover or top that is placed over a container to close or seal it. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when referring to the lid of a pot, jar, or bottle. For example: Please put the lid on the pot「鍋に蓋をしてください」(なべにふたをしてください). The lid of this jar is hard to open「この瓶の蓋は開けにくい」(このびんのふたはあけにくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that conceals or hides, as in '蓋をする (ふたをする)' which means 'to cover up' or 'to hide something'.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1333

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Arrest

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)句Phrase, Paragraph

Example Word

拘束: restraint or detention. The Japanese noun '拘束 (こうそく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'restraint', referring to the act of limiting or controlling someone or something. The second is 'detention', referring to the act of holding someone in custody, often by legal authorities. For example: The police imposed restraint on the suspect「警察は容疑者に拘束を加えた」(けいさつはようぎしゃにこうそくをくわえた). The suspect is under detention「容疑者は拘束されている」(ようぎしゃはこうそくされている). The word is often used in legal or formal contexts and carries a serious tone.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1389

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Throat

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 侯Marquis, Feudal lord

Example Word

喉: throat. The Japanese noun '喉 (のど)' refers to the 'throat'. It is commonly used to describe the anatomical part of the body that connects the mouth and nasal passages to the esophagus and larynx. This word is often used in contexts related to health, such as when someone has a sore throat or is experiencing dryness. For example: My throat is dry「喉が渇いた」(のどがかわいた). I have a sore throat「喉が痛い」(のどがいたい). Additionally, '喉' can be used metaphorically to describe something that is essential or vital, as in '喉から手が出るほど欲しい (のどからてがでるほどほしい)', which means 'to want something so badly that one's hand reaches out from their throat'.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1413

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Harbor, Port

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)共Together 己Oneself

Example Word

港: port. The Japanese noun '港 (みなと)' means 'port' or 'harbor'. It refers to a place where ships dock to load and unload goods or passengers. This word is commonly used in contexts related to maritime activities, trade, and travel. For example: The ship arrived at the port「船が港に着いた」(ふねがみなとについた). This is a busy port「これは賑やかな港です」(これはにぎやかなみなとです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a safe or welcoming place, such as 'a port in a storm'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1423

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Marquis, Feudal lord

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)矢Arrow ユ

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Refrain, Abstain

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)空Sky, Empty

Example Word

控える: refrain or reserve. The Japanese verb '控える (ひかえる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to refrain' or 'to hold back' from doing something. For example: Please refrain from smoking here「ここでは喫煙を控えてください」(ここではきつえんをひかえてください). The second meaning is 'to reserve' or 'to keep something in reserve'. For example: I reserved a seat for the meeting「会議の席を控えました」(かいぎのせきをひかえました). The verb can also imply a sense of caution or moderation, depending on the context. It is often used in formal or polite situations.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1487

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sail, Navigate

Reading

Parts

舟Boat 亢

Example Word

航海: voyage. The Japanese noun '航海 (こうかい)' refers to a voyage or a journey by sea. It is commonly used to describe long trips across oceans or seas, often involving ships or boats. This term can be used in both literal and metaphorical contexts. For example: The ship set sail on a long voyage「船は長い航海に出た」(ふねはながいこうかいにでた). He embarked on a voyage of self-discovery「彼は自己発見の航海に出た」(かれはじこはっけんのこうかいにでた). The word emphasizes the idea of traveling over water, often with a sense of adventure or exploration.

Radical

舟

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1570

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flurried, Disconcerted

Reading

Parts

忄 荒Wild, Rough

Example Word

慌ただしい: hectic. The Japanese adjective '慌ただしい (あわただしい)' means 'hectic'. It describes a situation or period of time that is very busy, rushed, or chaotic. This word is often used to convey a sense of urgency or disorder, such as during a busy workday or a fast-paced event. For example: Today was hectic「今日は慌ただしかった」(きょうはあわただしかった). The morning was hectic with preparations「朝の準備は慌ただしかった」(あさのじゅんびはあわただしかった). Note that this adjective is commonly used to describe temporary states rather than permanent characteristics.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1588

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wring, Strangle

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 交Mix

Example Word

絞る: squeeze or wring. The Japanese verb '絞る (しぼる)' primarily means 'to squeeze' or 'to wring'. It is used when applying pressure to extract liquid or to tighten something. For example, squeezing juice from a fruit: I squeezed the juice from the orange「オレンジのジュースを絞った」(オレンジのジュースをしぼった). Wringing out a wet towel: She wrung out the wet towel「彼女は濡れたタオルを絞った」(かのじょはぬれたタオルをしぼった). Additionally, '絞る' can be used metaphorically to describe exerting effort or focusing intensely, such as in concentrating one's mind: He concentrated his mind on the problem「彼はその問題に頭を絞った」(かれはそのもんだいにあたまをしぼった).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1647

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Assent, Agreement

Reading

Parts

肉Meat 止Stop

Example Word

肯定: affirmation. The Japanese verbal noun '肯定 (こうてい)' means 'affirmation' or 'positive acknowledgment'. It is used to express agreement, confirmation, or the act of affirming something. This word is often used in contexts where one acknowledges or accepts a statement, idea, or situation as true or valid. For example: His answer was an affirmation「彼の答えは肯定だった」(かれのこたえはこうていだった). We need to affirm this decision「この決定を肯定する必要がある」(このけっていをこうていするひつようがある). It can also be used in contrast to '否定 (ひてい)' (negation) to highlight a positive stance.

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1653

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Plow

Reading

Parts

耒 井Well

Radical

耒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1682

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Gutter, Channel

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)冓

Example Word

溝: ditch. The Japanese noun '溝 (みぞ)' refers to a 'ditch' or 'trench'. It is commonly used to describe a narrow channel dug into the ground, often for drainage or irrigation purposes. Additionally, it can metaphorically represent a gap or rift between people or ideas. Example sentences: There is a deep ditch in the field「畑に深い溝がある」(はたけにふかいみぞがある). The ditch was filled with water after the rain「雨の後、溝に水がたまった」(あめのあと、みぞにみずがたまった). The argument created a rift between them「その議論で彼らの間に溝ができた」(そのぎろんでかれらのあいだにみぞができた).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1693

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Receive

Reading

Parts

古Old 子Child

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1710

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ore, Mineral

Reading

Parts

釒Gold (金)広Wide

Radical

金

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1749

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hard, Stiff

Reading

Parts

石Stone 更Renew, Grow late

Example Word

硬い: hard. The Japanese adjective '硬い (かたい)' means 'hard'. It describes something that is physically firm, rigid, or difficult to bend or break. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something strict, inflexible, or tense, such as a person's attitude or a situation. For example: this bread is hard「このパンは硬い」(このパンはかたい). His expression was hard「彼の表情は硬かった」(かれのひょうじょうはかたかった). When used metaphorically, it often conveys a sense of stiffness or lack of flexibility, as in '硬い態度 (かたいたいど) (stiff attitude)'.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1759

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tribute

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 工Construction

Example Word

貢献: contribution. The Japanese noun '貢献 (こうけん)' means 'contribution'. It refers to the act of contributing to something, such as a cause, project, or society. This word is often used in contexts where someone or something has made a significant positive impact or provided valuable input. For example: His research made a great contribution to science「彼の研究は科学に大きな貢献をした」(かれのけんきゅうはかがくにおおきなこうけんをした). We aim to contribute to the community「私たちは地域に貢献することを目指しています」(わたしたちはちいきにこうけんすることをめざしています). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe any form of support or assistance that leads to progress or improvement.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1790

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Suburbs

Reading

Parts

交Mix ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

郊外: suburbs. The Japanese noun '郊外 (こうがい)' refers to the 'suburbs' or the outlying areas of a city. It is used to describe residential areas located on the outskirts of urban centers, often characterized by quieter environments, more spacious housing, and a slower pace of life compared to the city center. For example: I live in the suburbs「私は郊外に住んでいます」(わたしはこうがいにすんでいます). The suburbs are peaceful「郊外は静かです」(こうがいはしずかです). This term is commonly used in discussions about urban planning, commuting, and lifestyle preferences.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1805

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clause, Paragraph

Reading

Parts

工Construction 頁Page

Example Word

項: term. The Japanese noun '項 (こう)' refers to a 'term' or 'clause' in a legal, mathematical, or logical context. It is often used in formal or technical writing to denote a specific part of a document, equation, or argument. For example: the terms of the contract「契約の項」(けいやくのこう). This term is important in the equation「この項は方程式で重要です」(このこうはほうていしきでじゅうようです). The word can also refer to a 'paragraph' or 'section' in a broader sense, depending on the context.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1808

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Empress

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

皇后: empress. The Japanese noun '皇后 (こうごう)' refers to the 'empress', specifically the wife of the reigning emperor. This term is used in the context of the Japanese imperial family and carries a formal and respectful tone. For example: The empress attended the ceremony「皇后は式典に出席しました」(こうごうはしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The empress is known for her charity work「皇后は慈善活動で知られています」(こうごうはじぜんかつどうでしられています). This term is distinct from other titles like '皇太子妃 (こうたいしひ)' (crown princess) or '女帝 (じょてい)' (female emperor), as it specifically denotes the consort of the emperor.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1834

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Constant, Always

Reading

Parts

忄 亘

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1841

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pit

Reading

Parts

土Soil 亢

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1854

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flood, Vast

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)共Together

Example Word

洪水: flood. The Japanese noun '洪水 (こうずい)' means 'flood'. It refers to an overflow of water that submerges land, often caused by heavy rainfall, overflowing rivers, or other natural phenomena. This word is commonly used in weather reports, disaster warnings, and discussions about natural events. For example: The flood caused significant damage「洪水は大きな被害をもたらした」(こうずいはおおきなひがいをもたらした). The river overflowed and caused a flood「川が氾濫して洪水が起きた」(かわがはんらんしてこうずいがおきた). Note that '洪水' can also be used metaphorically to describe an overwhelming amount of something, such as information or emotions, though this usage is less common.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1871

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Balance, Equilibrium

Reading

Parts

行Go

Example Word

均衡: balance. The Japanese noun '均衡 (きんこう)' means 'balance' or 'equilibrium'. It is often used to describe a state of stability or equal distribution between opposing forces, elements, or conditions. This word is commonly used in contexts such as economics, physics, and everyday life to describe a harmonious or stable state. For example: The balance of power between the two countries is maintained「二つの国の間の力の均衡が保たれている」(ふたつのくにのあいだのちからのきんこうがたもたれている). The ecosystem is in balance「生態系は均衡を保っている」(せいたいけいはきんこうをたもっている). It can also refer to a mental or emotional balance, as in: She regained her emotional balance after the incident「彼女はその出来事の後に感情の均衡を取り戻した」(かのじょはそのできごとのあとにかんじょうのきんこうをとりもどした).

Radical

行

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1909

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rainbow

Reading

Parts

虫Insect 工Construction

Example Word

虹: rainbow. The Japanese noun '虹 (にじ)' means 'rainbow'. It refers to the meteorological phenomenon caused by reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light in water droplets, resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literature to describe the beauty of nature. For example: The rainbow is beautiful「虹がきれいだ」(にじがきれいだ). I saw a rainbow after the rain「雨の後に虹を見た」(あめのあとににじをみた). The word '虹' is often associated with positive imagery and is sometimes used metaphorically to represent hope or a bridge between different worlds.

Radical

虫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1914

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Gorge, Ravine

Reading

Parts

山Mountain 夹

Example Word

海峡: strait. The Japanese noun '海峡 (かいきょう)' refers to a 'strait', which is a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe natural waterways. For example: The strait is very narrow「その海峡はとても狭い」(そのかいきょうはとてもせまい). Ships pass through the strait「船が海峡を通る」(ふねがかいきょうをとおる). The word is commonly used in discussions about geography, navigation, and marine environments.

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1916

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cape, Promontory

Reading

Parts

山Mountain 甲Armor, Shell

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1950

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Spiny

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 更Renew, Grow late

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1974

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Purchase, Subscription

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 冓

Example Word

購入: purchase. The Japanese verbal noun '購入 (こうにゅう)' means 'purchase'. It refers to the act of buying or acquiring something, typically in a formal or commercial context. This term is often used in business settings, online shopping, or when discussing transactions. For example: I purchased a new car「新しい車を購入しました」(あたらしいくるまをこうにゅうしました). The company purchased new equipment「会社は新しい設備を購入しました」(かいしゃはあたらしいせつびをこうにゅうしました). It is important to note that '購入' is more formal than the verb '買う (かう)', which also means 'to buy' but is used in more casual contexts.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1976

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Girder

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 行Go

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2013

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flexed, Hooked

Reading

Parts

勹Wrap 厶Private

Radical

勹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2014

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steel

Reading

Parts

釒Gold (金)岡Hill

Radical

金

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2021

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decrease, Waste

Reading

Parts

耒 毛Fur

Radical

耒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2091

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ferment, Fermentation

Reading

Parts

酉Bird of the zodiac 孝Filial piety

Example Word

酵素: enzyme. The Japanese noun '酵素 (こうそ)' refers to 'enzyme', which is a protein that acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions. Enzymes are essential for various biological processes, such as digestion and metabolism. For example: enzymes help break down food「酵素は食べ物を分解するのを助けます」(こうそはたべものをぶんかいするのをたすけます). This product contains digestive enzymes「この製品には消化酵素が含まれています」(このせいひんにはしょうかこうそがふくまれています). The term is commonly used in scientific, medical, and everyday contexts related to health and biology.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2102

Handwriting