kanji

Meaning

Go

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 一One 丁Street

Example Word

奉行: magistrate. The Japanese noun '奉行 (ぶぎょう)' refers to a magistrate or a high-ranking official in feudal Japan, typically responsible for administrative or judicial duties. This term is historically significant and often associated with the Edo period, where such officials played crucial roles in governance. For example: The magistrate issued a new decree「奉行が新しい法令を出した」(ぶぎょうがあたらしいほうれいをだした). The magistrate's decision was final「奉行の決定は最終的だった」(ぶぎょうのけっていはさいしゅうてきだった). It's important to note that this term is largely historical and may not be commonly used in modern contexts, except when referring to historical settings or figures.

Radical

行

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

18

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

After, Behind

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 夂Late 幺Slight

Example Word

最後: end. The Japanese noun '最後 (さいご)' means 'end' or 'last'. It refers to the final part of something, such as the conclusion of an event, the last moment of a situation, or the ultimate outcome. It can also imply a sense of finality or irreversibility. For example: This is the end of the movie「これは映画の最後です」(これはえいがのさいごです). He stayed until the very end「彼は最後まで残った」(かれはさいごまでのこった). The word can also be used to emphasize the finality of an action, as in '最後のチャンス (さいごのチャンス) (last chance)'.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

45

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mouth

Reading

Parts

冂Enclosure 一One

Example Word

早口: fast speech. The Japanese noun '早口 (はやくち)' refers to speaking quickly or rapidly. It is often used to describe someone who talks at a fast pace, which can sometimes make it difficult for others to understand. This term can be used in various contexts, such as describing a person's speaking style or commenting on the speed of speech in a conversation. For example: He speaks so fast that I can't understand him「彼は早口で話すので、私には理解できない」(かれははやくちではなすので、わたしにはりかいできない). Please speak more slowly, your fast speech is hard to follow「もっとゆっくり話してください、早口だと聞き取りにくいです」(もっとゆっくりはなしてください、はやくちだとききとりにくいです).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

82

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Think, Consider

Reading

Parts

耂Old (老)丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

考察: consideration. The Japanese noun '考察 (こうさつ)' means 'consideration' or 'examination'. It refers to the act of carefully thinking about or analyzing something, often in a formal or academic context. This word is commonly used in discussions, research, or when evaluating ideas. For example: careful consideration of the problem「問題の考察」(もんだいのこうさつ). The professor's examination of the theory was thorough「教授の理論の考察は徹底的だった」(きょうじゅのりろんのこうさつはてっていてきだった). Note that '考察' is often used in written or formal contexts rather than casual conversation.

Radical

老

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

91

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Facing, Yonder

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 冋Desert

Example Word

一向: not at all. The Japanese adverb '一向 (いっこう)' is used to emphasize that something is not happening or not being done at all, often in a negative context. It is commonly paired with negative verbs or expressions to convey a strong sense of 'not at all' or 'not in the least.' For example: He is not improving at all「彼は一向に良くならない」(かれはいっこうによくならない). The work is not progressing at all「仕事が一向に進まない」(しごとがいっこうにすすまない). This adverb is often used to express frustration or disappointment when something is not changing or improving despite expectations.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

103

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

High, Expensive

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 口Mouth 冂Enclosure

Example Word

高: high. The Japanese prefix '高 (こう)' means 'high'. It is commonly used in compound words to indicate something of high quality, high level, or high degree. For example: high school「高校」(こうこう), high price「高価」(こうか), high temperature「高温」(こうおん). This prefix is often used in technical or formal contexts to denote superiority or elevation in status, quality, or quantity. It is important to note that '高' as a prefix is read as 'こう' and is different from the standalone kanji '高' which can have other readings and meanings.

Radical

高

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

125

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Light

Reading

Parts

⺌Small (小)一One 儿Legs

Example Word

光る: shine. The Japanese verb '光る (ひかる)' means 'to shine' or 'to glitter'. It is used to describe something emitting light or reflecting light brightly. This verb can be applied to natural phenomena, objects, or even abstract concepts like talent or potential. For example: The stars shine brightly「星が光る」(ほしがひかる). Her eyes shine with excitement「彼女の目が興奮で光る」(かのじょのめがこうふんでひかる). The verb can also imply something standing out or being remarkable, as in 'His talent shines'「彼の才能が光る」(かれのさいのうがひかる).

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

170

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Like, Fond

Reading

Parts

女Woman 子Child

Example Word

格好: appearance or posture. The Japanese verbal noun '格好 (かっこう)' primarily refers to 'appearance' or 'posture'. It is used to describe the way something or someone looks, their style, or their physical stance. For example: His appearance is cool「彼の格好がかっこいい」(かれのかっこうがかっこいい). She has a good posture「彼女は格好がいい」(かのじょはかっこうがいい). The word can also be used in contexts like '格好をつける (かっこうをつける)', which means 'to put on airs' or 'to act in a certain way to impress others'. It is a versatile term often used in both casual and formal settings.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

177

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Public

Reading

Parts

八Eight 厶Private

Example Word

公衆: public. The Japanese noun '公衆 (こうしゅう)' refers to 'the public' or 'the general populace'. It is commonly used in contexts relating to public spaces, public services, or public opinion. For example: public restroom「公衆トイレ」(こうしゅうトイレ). Public opinion is important「公衆の意見は重要です」(こうしゅうのいけんはじゅうようです). The term often carries a formal tone and is frequently used in official or societal contexts. It can also imply a collective group of people, as in '公衆の面前 (こうしゅうのめんぜん) (in front of the public)'.

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

295

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Creek, Inlet

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)工Construction

Example Word

江: bay. The Japanese suffix '江 (こう)' means 'bay' and is often used in geographical names to denote a bay or inlet. It is commonly found in place names, such as 'Tokyo Bay (東京湾, とうきょうわん)' or 'Osaka Bay (大阪湾, おおさかわん)'. This suffix is typically used in formal or historical contexts and is not commonly used in everyday conversation. For example: Tokyo Bay is beautiful「東京湾は美しい」(とうきょうわんはうつくしい). The ships are anchored in Osaka Bay「船は大阪湾に停泊している」(ふねはおおさかわんにていはくしている).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

376

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Happiness

Reading

Parts

土Soil 𢆉Sheep (羊)

Example Word

幸い: fortunate. The Japanese adjectival noun '幸い (さいわい)' means 'fortunate' or 'luckily'. It is used to describe a situation or outcome that is favorable or beneficial. This word can also function as an adverb, meaning 'fortunately' or 'luckily'. For example: Fortunately, it didn't rain「幸い、雨は降らなかった」(さいわい、あめはふらなかった). It was fortunate that he arrived on time「彼が時間通りに到着して幸いだった」(かれがじかんどおりにとうちゃくしてさいわいだった). The word often carries a sense of gratitude or relief about the positive outcome.

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

380

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

School

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 交Mix

Example Word

中学校: junior high. The Japanese noun '中学校 (ちゅうがっこう)' refers to 'junior high school', which is the educational institution students attend after elementary school and before high school in Japan. It typically covers grades 7 to 9. This term is commonly used in educational contexts and is an essential part of the Japanese school system. For example: I go to junior high school「私は中学校に行きます」(わたしはちゅうがっこうにいきます). My sister is a junior high school student「私の妹は中学生です」(わたしのいもうとはちゅうがくせいです). The word can also be used to describe activities or events related to junior high school, such as '中学校の先生 (ちゅうがっこうのせんせい)' (junior high school teacher).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

404

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Construction

Reading

Parts

丅Down (下)一One

Example Word

工事: construction. The Japanese verbal noun '工事 (こうじ)' refers to 'construction' or 'construction work'. It is commonly used to describe the process of building or repairing structures, such as buildings, roads, or bridges. This term is often seen in signs or announcements related to ongoing construction projects. For example: The construction of the new bridge is underway「新しい橋の工事が進んでいます」(あたらしいはしのこうじがすすんでいます). Road construction is causing traffic delays「道路工事で渋滞が起きています」(どうろこうじでじゅうたいがおきています). The word can also be used in contexts like '工事中 (こうじちゅう)', which means 'under construction' and is often displayed at construction sites.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

411

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wide

Reading

Parts

厶Private 广Dotted cliff

Example Word

広告: advertisement. The Japanese verbal noun '広告 (こうこく)' means 'advertisement'. It refers to a notice or announcement promoting a product, service, or event. This word is commonly used in contexts related to marketing, media, and business. For example: I saw an advertisement on TV「テレビで広告を見た」(テレビでこうこくをみた). The company placed an advertisement in the newspaper「会社は新聞に広告を出した」(かいしゃはしんぶんにこうこくをだした). '広告' can also be used in compound words like '広告費 (こうこくひ)' (advertising expenses) or '広告代理店 (こうこくだいりてん)' (advertising agency).

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

428

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Descend, Fall

Reading

Parts

⻖ 夅

Example Word

以降: after. The Japanese noun '以降 (いこう)' means 'after' or 'from a certain point onward'. It is used to indicate a time or event that marks the beginning of a period, and everything that follows it. This word is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: after 5 PM「5時以降」(ごじいこう). From tomorrow onward「明日以降」(あしたいこう). It can also be used to refer to events or situations that occur after a specific point in time, such as 'after the war'「戦争以降」(せんそういこう). Note that '以降' is typically used for time-related contexts and is more formal than other similar words like '後 (あと)'.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

444

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Status

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 各Each

Example Word

価格: price. The Japanese noun '価格 (かかく)' means 'price'. It refers to the amount of money required to purchase a product or service. This term is commonly used in contexts related to shopping, economics, and business. For example: The price of this product is high「この商品の価格は高い」(このしょうひんのかかくはたかい). We need to lower the price「価格を下げる必要がある」(かかくをさげるひつようがある). It is important to note that '価格' is a formal term and is often used in written or official contexts, as opposed to the more casual term '値段 (ねだん)', which is used in everyday conversation.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

461

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 父Father

Example Word

国交: relations. The Japanese noun '国交 (こっこう)' refers to diplomatic relations or official ties between countries. It is commonly used in contexts involving international politics, treaties, or agreements. For example: The two countries established diplomatic relations「両国は国交を樹立した」(りょうこくはこっこうをじゅりつした). The normalization of diplomatic relations between the two nations「両国の国交正常化」(りょうこくのこっこうせいじょうか). This term is often used in formal or political discussions and emphasizes the official nature of the relationship between nations.

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

470

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Look up

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)卬

Example Word

仰ぐ: lookup. The Japanese verb '仰ぐ (あおぐ)' primarily means 'to look up' or 'to raise one's head to look at something above'. It can also imply a sense of respect or admiration, as in looking up to someone. For example: He looked up at the stars「彼は星を仰いだ」(かれはほしをあおいだ). She looks up to her teacher「彼女は先生を仰ぐ」(かのじょはせんせいをあおぐ). Additionally, '仰ぐ' can be used in a more figurative sense to mean 'to seek' or 'to rely on', as in seeking advice or relying on someone's judgment. For example: They sought the leader's advice「彼らはリーダーの助言を仰いだ」(かれらはリーダーのじょげんをあおいだ).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

509

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Interest, Entertain

Reading

Parts

臼Mortar 同Same ハ

Example Word

復興: recovery or revival. The Japanese noun '復興 (ふっこう)' refers to the act of recovering or reviving something, often after a period of decline or destruction. It is commonly used in contexts such as economic recovery, reconstruction after disasters, or cultural revival. For example: The town is in recovery after the earthquake「その町は地震の後、復興中です」(そのまちはじしんのあと、ふっこうちゅうです). The revival of traditional arts is important「伝統芸術の復興は重要です」(でんとうげいじゅつのふっこうはじゅうようです). Note that while 'recovery' and 'revival' are closely related, they can apply to different contexts, such as physical reconstruction versus cultural or economic resurgence.

Radical

臼

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

532

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Renew, Grow late

Reading

Parts

曰

Example Word

夜更かし: staying up late. The Japanese verbal noun '夜更かし (よふかし)' refers to the act of staying up late at night, often past one's usual bedtime. It is commonly used to describe staying awake late into the night, whether for work, study, entertainment, or other activities. For example: I stayed up late last night「昨夜は夜更かしをした」(さくやはよふかしをした). Staying up late is bad for your health「夜更かしは健康に悪い」(よふかしはけんこうにわるい). This term carries a nuance of staying awake longer than usual, often implying a lack of sleep or a deviation from a regular sleep schedule.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

533

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Structure, Care

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 冓

Example Word

機構: mechanism or organization. The Japanese noun '機構 (きこう)' can mean 'mechanism' or 'organization', depending on the context. When referring to 'mechanism', it describes the physical or functional structure of a system or device. For example: the mechanism of this clock is complex「この時計の機構は複雑だ」(このとけいのきこうはふくざつだ). When referring to 'organization', it describes an organized body or system, such as a company or institution. For example: the organization of this company is efficient「この会社の機構は効率的だ」(このかいしゃのきこうはこうりつてきだ). The word is often used in technical, scientific, or administrative contexts.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

557

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Climate

Reading

Parts

丨Stick 侯Marquis, Feudal lord

Example Word

気候: climate. The Japanese noun '気候 (きこう)' refers to the 'climate' of a region, encompassing long-term weather patterns, temperature, humidity, and other atmospheric conditions. It is commonly used in discussions about geography, environmental science, or everyday conversations about the weather. For example: The climate of Japan is temperate「日本の気候は温和です」(にほんのきこうはおんわです). The climate in this region is harsh「この地域の気候は厳しいです」(このちいきのきこうはきびしいです). Note that '気候' is distinct from '天気 (てんき)', which refers to short-term weather conditions.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

580

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hill

Reading

Parts

冂Enclosure 䒑Herbs 山Mountain

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

670

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Armor, Shell

Reading

Parts

田Rice field ｜

Example Word

甲: shell or first. The Japanese noun '甲 (こう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning refers to the shell of a turtle or tortoise, often used in traditional contexts or literature. For example: the turtle's shell is hard「亀の甲は硬い」(かめのこうはかたい). The second meaning is 'first' in a sequence, such as in the traditional ordering system (甲, 乙, 丙, etc.), which is similar to 'A, B, C' in English. For example: this is the first item「これは甲の項目です」(これはこうのこうもくです). The word is also used in compound words like '甲羅 (こうら)' (shell) or '甲乙 (こうおつ)' (first and second).

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

696

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Yellow

Reading

Parts

由Reason 八Eight 一One 艹Grass

Example Word

黄色: yellow. The Japanese noun '黄色 (きいろ)' means 'yellow'. It refers to the color yellow and is commonly used to describe objects, items, or anything that has a yellow hue. For example: The sunflower is yellow「ひまわりは黄色です」(ひまわりはきいろです). I like yellow flowers「黄色い花が好きです」(きいろいはながすきです). Note that when used as an adjective, it often takes the form '黄色い (きいろい)' to describe nouns, such as '黄色い車 (きいろいくるま) (yellow car)'.

Radical

黃

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

699

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wild, Rough

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 巟

Example Word

荒い: rough. The Japanese adjective '荒い (あらい)' primarily means 'rough'. It is used to describe something that is not smooth or gentle, such as rough seas, rough handling, or rough behavior. For example: The sea is rough today「今日の海は荒い」(きょうのうみはあらい). He has a rough way of speaking「彼の話し方は荒い」(かれのはなしかたはあらい). This adjective can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is intense or extreme, such as rough breathing or rough emotions. For example: His breathing was rough after the run「走った後、彼の呼吸は荒かった」(はしったあと、かれのこきゅうはあらかった).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

749

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fragrance

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 禾Cereal

Example Word

香: fragrance. The Japanese noun '香 (こう)' refers to 'fragrance' or 'scent'. It is often used to describe a pleasant or aromatic smell, such as that of incense, flowers, or perfumes. This word carries a refined and elegant nuance, often associated with traditional Japanese culture, particularly in contexts like tea ceremonies or Buddhist rituals. Example sentences: The fragrance of incense filled the room「香が部屋に満ちた」(こうがへやにみちた). The scent of flowers is delightful「花の香が素敵だ」(はなのかがすてきだ).

Radical

香

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

773

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Emperor

Reading

Parts

王King 白White

Example Word

皇后: empress. The Japanese noun '皇后 (こうごう)' refers to the 'empress', specifically the wife of the reigning emperor. This term is used in the context of the Japanese imperial family and carries a formal and respectful tone. For example: The empress attended the ceremony「皇后は式典に出席しました」(こうごうはしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The empress is known for her charity work「皇后は慈善活動で知られています」(こうごうはじぜんかつどうでしられています). This term is distinct from other titles like '皇太子妃 (こうたいしひ)' (crown princess) or '女帝 (じょてい)' (female emperor), as it specifically denotes the consort of the emperor.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

782

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crimson

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 工Construction

Example Word

紅葉: autumn leaves. The Japanese verbal noun '紅葉 (こうよう)' refers to the phenomenon of leaves changing color in autumn, often specifically to the vibrant reds and yellows seen in Japanese maple trees. It is also used to describe the act of leaves changing color. This word is deeply tied to the appreciation of seasonal beauty in Japanese culture. Example sentences: The autumn leaves are beautiful「紅葉がきれいです」(こうようがきれいです). Let's go see the autumn leaves「紅葉を見に行きましょう」(こうようをみにいきましょう).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

791

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Merit, Achievement

Reading

Parts

力Power 工Construction

Example Word

成功: success. The Japanese verbal noun '成功 (せいこう)' means 'success'. It refers to the achievement of a desired goal or outcome. This word is commonly used in contexts related to personal, professional, or academic achievements. For example: His success was celebrated by everyone「彼の成功は皆に祝われた」(かれのせいこうはみんなにいわわれた). The project was a great success「そのプロジェクトは大成功だった」(そのプロジェクトはだいせいこうだった). Note that '成功' can also be used as a verb when combined with the auxiliary verb 'する', as in '成功する (せいこうする)', meaning 'to succeed'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

991

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lecture

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)冓

Example Word

講義: lecture. The Japanese verbal noun '講義 (こうぎ)' refers to a formal lecture or academic instruction, typically given by a teacher or professor in an educational setting. It is commonly used in universities and schools to describe a structured presentation of knowledge on a specific subject. For example: I attended a lecture on Japanese history「日本の歴史の講義に出席した」(にほんのれきしのこうぎにしゅっせきした). The professor gave a lecture on economics「教授が経済学の講義をした」(きょうじゅがけいざいがくのこうぎをした). This term is often associated with formal education and is distinct from casual or informal discussions.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1050

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skill, Adept

Reading

Parts

工Construction 丂Breath obstruction

Example Word

巧み: skillful. The Japanese adjectival noun '巧み (たくみ)' means 'skillful'. It describes someone or something that is adept, clever, or masterful in performing a task or creating something. It often carries a nuance of artistry or finesse. For example: His skillful speech moved the audience「彼の巧みなスピーチは聴衆を感動させた」(かれのたくみなすぴーちはちょうしゅうをかんどうさせた). The artist's skillful brushwork is amazing「その画家の巧みな筆遣いは素晴らしい」(そのがかのたくみなふでづかいはすばらしい). This word is often used to describe craftsmanship, strategy, or performance.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1069

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Healthy, Peaceful

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 隶

Example Word

健康: health. The Japanese adjectival noun '健康 (けんこう)' means 'health'. It refers to the state of being physically and mentally well. It is often used to describe a person's condition or lifestyle. For example: maintaining good health is important「健康を保つことは大切です」(けんこうをたもつことはたいせつです). She is in good health「彼女は健康です」(かのじょはけんこうです). This word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '健康診断 (けんこうしんだん)' (health checkup).

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1072

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rope, Hawser

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 岡Hill

Example Word

綱: rope. The Japanese noun '綱 (つな)' refers to a 'rope'. This word is used to describe a thick, strong cord made by twisting together strands of natural or synthetic fibers. It is commonly used in contexts involving tying, pulling, or securing objects. For example: Please tie the boat with the rope「ボートを綱で結んでください」(ボートをつなでむすんでください). The rope is strong「その綱は強いです」(そのつなはつよいです). Additionally, '綱' can metaphorically represent a connection or bond between people, such as in the phrase '絆 (きずな)', which also means 'bond' but is written with a different kanji.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1143

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Thick, Kind

Reading

Parts

厂Cliff 日Day, Sun 子Child

Example Word

厚着: heavy clothing. The Japanese verbal noun '厚着 (あつぎ)' refers to the act of wearing heavy or thick clothing, typically to keep warm in cold weather. It is often used to describe bundling up or layering clothes. For example: She is wearing heavy clothing to stay warm「彼女は厚着をして暖かくしている」(かのじょはあつぎをしてあたたかくしている). In winter, thick clothing is necessary「冬には厚着が必要だ」(ふゆにはあつぎがひつようだ). This term is commonly used in contexts related to cold weather preparation and comfort.

Radical

厂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1170

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resist, Confront

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)亢

Example Word

対抗: opposition. The Japanese noun '対抗 (たいこう)' means 'opposition' or 'rivalry'. It refers to the act of competing against someone or something, often in a direct or confrontational manner. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, business, or any situation where there is a competitive relationship. For example: The two teams are in opposition「二つのチームは対抗している」(ふたつのチームはたいこうしている). Our company is in rivalry with theirs「私たちの会社は彼らの会社と対抗している」(わたしたちのかいしゃはかれらのかいしゃとたいこうしている). The word can also imply a sense of resistance or counteraction, as in '対抗策 (たいこうさく) (countermeasure)'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1173

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hole, Cavity

Reading

Parts

子Child 乚

Radical

子

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1214

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Compare, Contrast

Reading

Parts

車Car 交Mix

Example Word

比較的: relatively. The Japanese adverb '比較的 (ひかくてき)' means 'relatively'. It is used to indicate that something is being compared to a standard or norm, suggesting that it is somewhat or moderately so in relation to that standard. It often carries a nuance of being more than expected or more than average, but not extremely so. For example: This problem is relatively easy「この問題は比較的簡単だ」(このもんだいはひかくてきかんたんだ). The weather today is relatively warm「今日の天気は比較的暖かい」(きょうのてんきはひかくてきあたたかい). It can be used in both positive and negative contexts, depending on the situation.

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1216

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Effective

Reading

Parts

交Mix 力Power

Example Word

効果: effect. The Japanese noun '効果 (こうか)' means 'effect'. It refers to the result or impact of an action, event, or condition. This word is commonly used in various contexts, such as medicine, science, and everyday situations, to describe the outcome or influence of something. For example: The medicine had a good effect「薬は良い効果があった」(くすりはよいこうかがあった). The sound effects in the movie were impressive「映画の音響効果は印象的だった」(えいがのおんきょうこうかはいんしょうてきだった). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as the effect of a policy or strategy.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1259

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Attack, Aggression

Reading

Parts

工Construction 攵Strike

Example Word

攻める: attack. The Japanese verb '攻める (せめる)' means 'to attack'. This verb is used to describe the act of initiating an aggressive action against someone or something, often in the context of battle, sports, or competition. It can also be used metaphorically to describe taking an assertive approach in non-physical contexts. For example: the soldiers attacked the castle「兵士たちは城を攻めた」(へいしたちはしろをせめた). The team attacked the opponent's weak point「チームは相手の弱点を攻めた」(チームはあいてのじゃくてんをせめた). In some contexts, it can also imply a strategic or calculated approach to overcoming an obstacle or challenge.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1294

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Filial piety

Reading

Parts

耂Old (老)子Child

Radical

子

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1298

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Manuscript, Draft

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 高High, Expensive

Example Word

原稿用紙: manuscript. The Japanese noun '原稿用紙 (げんこうようし)' refers to a specific type of paper used for writing manuscripts, essays, or other formal written works. It is typically grid-lined, with each square representing one character, making it easier to count and organize text. This paper is commonly used in schools, for literary submissions, or in professional writing. For example: I wrote my essay on manuscript paper「私は原稿用紙に作文を書いた」(わたしはげんこうようしにさくぶんをかいた). Please submit your work on manuscript paper「原稿用紙に作品を提出してください」(げんこうようしにさくひんをていしゅつしてください).

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1299

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lid

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 盍

Example Word

蓋: lid. The Japanese noun '蓋 (ふた)' means 'lid'. It refers to a cover or top that is placed over a container to close or seal it. This word is commonly used in everyday contexts, such as when referring to the lid of a pot, jar, or bottle. For example: Please put the lid on the pot「鍋に蓋をしてください」(なべにふたをしてください). The lid of this jar is hard to open「この瓶の蓋は開けにくい」(このびんのふたはあけにくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that conceals or hides, as in '蓋をする (ふたをする)' which means 'to cover up' or 'to hide something'.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1333

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Arrest

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)句Phrase, Paragraph

Example Word

拘束: restraint or detention. The Japanese noun '拘束 (こうそく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'restraint', referring to the act of limiting or controlling someone or something. The second is 'detention', referring to the act of holding someone in custody, often by legal authorities. For example: The police imposed restraint on the suspect「警察は容疑者に拘束を加えた」(けいさつはようぎしゃにこうそくをくわえた). The suspect is under detention「容疑者は拘束されている」(ようぎしゃはこうそくされている). The word is often used in legal or formal contexts and carries a serious tone.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1389

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Throat

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 侯Marquis, Feudal lord

Example Word

喉: throat. The Japanese noun '喉 (のど)' refers to the 'throat'. It is commonly used to describe the anatomical part of the body that connects the mouth and nasal passages to the esophagus and larynx. This word is often used in contexts related to health, such as when someone has a sore throat or is experiencing dryness. For example: My throat is dry「喉が渇いた」(のどがかわいた). I have a sore throat「喉が痛い」(のどがいたい). Additionally, '喉' can be used metaphorically to describe something that is essential or vital, as in '喉から手が出るほど欲しい (のどからてがでるほどほしい)', which means 'to want something so badly that one's hand reaches out from their throat'.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1413

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Harbor, Port

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)共Together 己Oneself

Example Word

港: port. The Japanese noun '港 (みなと)' means 'port' or 'harbor'. It refers to a place where ships dock to load and unload goods or passengers. This word is commonly used in contexts related to maritime activities, trade, and travel. For example: The ship arrived at the port「船が港に着いた」(ふねがみなとについた). This is a busy port「これは賑やかな港です」(これはにぎやかなみなとです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a safe or welcoming place, such as 'a port in a storm'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1423

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Marquis, Feudal lord

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)矢Arrow ユ

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Refrain, Abstain

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)空Sky, Empty

Example Word

控除: deduction. The Japanese noun '控除 (こうじょ)' refers to a 'deduction', typically in financial or tax contexts. It is used to describe an amount subtracted from a total, such as taxes, expenses, or allowances. For example: tax deduction「税金の控除」(ぜいきんのこうじょ). The company allows a deduction for travel expenses「会社は旅費の控除を認めている」(かいしゃはりょひのこうじょをみとめている). This term is commonly used in official documents, financial statements, and discussions about income or expenses.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1487

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sail, Navigate

Reading

Parts

舟Boat 亢

Example Word

航空: aviation. The Japanese noun '航空 (こうくう)' refers to 'aviation', which is the operation of aircraft or the activity of flying. This term is often used in contexts related to air travel, airlines, and the aviation industry. For example: aviation technology is advancing rapidly「航空技術は急速に進歩している」(こうくうぎじゅつはきゅうそくにしんぽしている). The aviation industry is growing「航空業界は成長している」(こうくうぎょうかいはせいちょうしている). It is also commonly seen in compound words like '航空会社 (こうくうがいしゃ)' (airline) or '航空機 (こうくうき)' (aircraft).

Radical

舟

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1570

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flurried, Disconcerted

Reading

Parts

忄 荒Wild, Rough

Example Word

慌てる: panic. The Japanese verb '慌てる (あわてる)' means 'to panic' or 'to be flustered'. It describes a state of confusion or agitation, often due to unexpected events or urgency. This verb can be used in various situations, such as when someone is in a hurry, surprised, or overwhelmed. For example: Don't panic「慌てないで」(あわてないで). She panicked when she lost her wallet「彼女は財布をなくして慌てた」(かのじょはさいふをなくしてあわてた). The nuance of this verb often implies a lack of composure or calmness in response to a situation.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1588

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wring, Strangle

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 交Mix

Example Word

絞る: squeeze or wring. The Japanese verb '絞る (しぼる)' primarily means 'to squeeze' or 'to wring'. It is used when applying pressure to extract liquid or to tighten something. For example, squeezing juice from a fruit: I squeezed the juice from the orange「オレンジのジュースを絞った」(オレンジのジュースをしぼった). Wringing out a wet towel: She wrung out the wet towel「彼女は濡れたタオルを絞った」(かのじょはぬれたタオルをしぼった). Additionally, '絞る' can be used metaphorically to describe exerting effort or focusing intensely, such as in concentrating one's mind: He concentrated his mind on the problem「彼はその問題に頭を絞った」(かれはそのもんだいにあたまをしぼった).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1647

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Assent, Agreement

Reading

Parts

肉Meat 止Stop

Example Word

肯定: affirmation. The Japanese verbal noun '肯定 (こうてい)' means 'affirmation' or 'positive acknowledgment'. It is used to express agreement, confirmation, or the act of affirming something. This word is often used in contexts where one acknowledges or accepts a statement, idea, or situation as true or valid. For example: His answer was an affirmation「彼の答えは肯定だった」(かれのこたえはこうていだった). We need to affirm this decision「この決定を肯定する必要がある」(このけっていをこうていするひつようがある). It can also be used in contrast to '否定 (ひてい)' (negation) to highlight a positive stance.

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1653

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Plow

Reading

Parts

耒 井Well

Radical

耒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1682

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Gutter, Channel

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)冓

Example Word

溝: ditch. The Japanese noun '溝 (みぞ)' refers to a 'ditch' or 'trench'. It is commonly used to describe a narrow channel dug into the ground, often for drainage or irrigation purposes. Additionally, it can metaphorically represent a gap or rift between people or ideas. Example sentences: There is a deep ditch in the field「畑に深い溝がある」(はたけにふかいみぞがある). The ditch was filled with water after the rain「雨の後、溝に水がたまった」(あめのあと、みぞにみずがたまった). The argument created a rift between them「その議論で彼らの間に溝ができた」(そのぎろんでかれらのあいだにみぞができた).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1693

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Receive

Reading

Parts

古Old 子Child

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1710

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ore, Mineral

Reading

Parts

釒Gold (金)広Wide

Radical

金

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1749

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hard, Stiff

Reading

Parts

石Stone 更Renew, Grow late

Example Word

硬さ: hardness. The Japanese noun '硬さ (かたさ)' refers to the quality or state of being hard, firm, or rigid. It is often used to describe the physical property of materials, such as metals, rocks, or even food. For example: the hardness of this stone is remarkable「この石の硬さはすごい」(このいしのかたさはすごい). The hardness of the bread made it difficult to eat「パンの硬さで食べにくかった」(パンのかたさでたべにくかった). In some contexts, it can also metaphorically describe someone's stubbornness or inflexibility, though this usage is less common.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1759

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tribute

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 工Construction

Example Word

貢献: contribution. The Japanese noun '貢献 (こうけん)' means 'contribution'. It refers to the act of contributing to something, such as a cause, project, or society. This word is often used in contexts where someone or something has made a significant positive impact or provided valuable input. For example: His research made a great contribution to science「彼の研究は科学に大きな貢献をした」(かれのけんきゅうはかがくにおおきなこうけんをした). We aim to contribute to the community「私たちは地域に貢献することを目指しています」(わたしたちはちいきにこうけんすることをめざしています). The word can also be used in a broader sense to describe any form of support or assistance that leads to progress or improvement.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1790

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Suburbs

Reading

Parts

交Mix ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

郊外: suburbs. The Japanese noun '郊外 (こうがい)' refers to the 'suburbs' or the outlying areas of a city. It is used to describe residential areas located on the outskirts of urban centers, often characterized by quieter environments, more spacious housing, and a slower pace of life compared to the city center. For example: I live in the suburbs「私は郊外に住んでいます」(わたしはこうがいにすんでいます). The suburbs are peaceful「郊外は静かです」(こうがいはしずかです). This term is commonly used in discussions about urban planning, commuting, and lifestyle preferences.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1805

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clause, Paragraph

Reading

Parts

工Construction 頁Page

Example Word

条項: clause or article. The Japanese noun '条項 (じょうこう)' refers to a specific clause or article within a document, contract, law, or agreement. It is commonly used in legal or formal contexts to denote a distinct provision or stipulation. For example: Please review clause 5 of the contract「契約の第5条項を確認してください」(けいやくのだいごじょうこうをかくにんしてください). This article is important「この条項は重要です」(このじょうこうはじゅうようです). The word is often used in discussions about legal documents, treaties, or regulations, where precision and clarity are essential.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1808

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Empress

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

皇后: empress. The Japanese noun '皇后 (こうごう)' refers to the 'empress', specifically the wife of the reigning emperor. This term is used in the context of the Japanese imperial family and carries a formal and respectful tone. For example: The empress attended the ceremony「皇后は式典に出席しました」(こうごうはしきてんにしゅっせきしました). The empress is known for her charity work「皇后は慈善活動で知られています」(こうごうはじぜんかつどうでしられています). This term is distinct from other titles like '皇太子妃 (こうたいしひ)' (crown princess) or '女帝 (じょてい)' (female emperor), as it specifically denotes the consort of the emperor.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1834

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Constant, Always

Reading

Parts

忄 亘

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1841

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pit

Reading

Parts

土Soil 亢

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1854

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flood, Vast

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)共Together

Example Word

洪水: flood. The Japanese noun '洪水 (こうずい)' means 'flood'. It refers to an overflow of water that submerges land, often caused by heavy rainfall, overflowing rivers, or other natural phenomena. This word is commonly used in weather reports, disaster warnings, and discussions about natural events. For example: The flood caused significant damage「洪水は大きな被害をもたらした」(こうずいはおおきなひがいをもたらした). The river overflowed and caused a flood「川が氾濫して洪水が起きた」(かわがはんらんしてこうずいがおきた). Note that '洪水' can also be used metaphorically to describe an overwhelming amount of something, such as information or emotions, though this usage is less common.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1871

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Balance, Equilibrium

Reading

Parts

行Go

Example Word

均衡: balance. The Japanese noun '均衡 (きんこう)' means 'balance' or 'equilibrium'. It is often used to describe a state of stability or equal distribution between opposing forces, elements, or conditions. This word is commonly used in contexts such as economics, physics, and everyday life to describe a harmonious or stable state. For example: The balance of power between the two countries is maintained「二つの国の間の力の均衡が保たれている」(ふたつのくにのあいだのちからのきんこうがたもたれている). The ecosystem is in balance「生態系は均衡を保っている」(せいたいけいはきんこうをたもっている). It can also refer to a mental or emotional balance, as in: She regained her emotional balance after the incident「彼女はその出来事の後に感情の均衡を取り戻した」(かのじょはそのできごとのあとにかんじょうのきんこうをとりもどした).

Radical

行

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1909

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rainbow

Reading

Parts

虫Insect 工Construction

Example Word

虹: rainbow. The Japanese noun '虹 (にじ)' means 'rainbow'. It refers to the meteorological phenomenon caused by reflection, refraction, and dispersion of light in water droplets, resulting in a spectrum of light appearing in the sky. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversation and literature to describe the beauty of nature. For example: The rainbow is beautiful「虹がきれいだ」(にじがきれいだ). I saw a rainbow after the rain「雨の後に虹を見た」(あめのあとににじをみた). The word '虹' is often associated with positive imagery and is sometimes used metaphorically to represent hope or a bridge between different worlds.

Radical

虫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1914

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Gorge, Ravine

Reading

Parts

山Mountain 夹

Example Word

海峡: strait. The Japanese noun '海峡 (かいきょう)' refers to a 'strait', which is a narrow passage of water connecting two larger bodies of water. This term is often used in geographical contexts to describe natural waterways. For example: The strait is very narrow「その海峡はとても狭い」(そのかいきょうはとてもせまい). Ships pass through the strait「船が海峡を通る」(ふねがかいきょうをとおる). The word is commonly used in discussions about geography, navigation, and marine environments.

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1916

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cape, Promontory

Reading

Parts

山Mountain 甲Armor, Shell

Radical

山

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1950

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Spiny

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 更Renew, Grow late

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1974

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Purchase, Subscription

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 冓

Example Word

購入: purchase. The Japanese verbal noun '購入 (こうにゅう)' means 'purchase'. It refers to the act of buying or acquiring something, typically in a formal or commercial context. This term is often used in business settings, online shopping, or when discussing transactions. For example: I purchased a new car「新しい車を購入しました」(あたらしいくるまをこうにゅうしました). The company purchased new equipment「会社は新しい設備を購入しました」(かいしゃはあたらしいせつびをこうにゅうしました). It is important to note that '購入' is more formal than the verb '買う (かう)', which also means 'to buy' but is used in more casual contexts.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1976

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Girder

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 行Go

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2013

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flexed, Hooked

Reading

Parts

勹Wrap 厶Private

Radical

勹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2014

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steel

Reading

Parts

釒Gold (金)岡Hill

Radical

金

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2021

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decrease, Waste

Reading

Parts

耒 毛Fur

Radical

耒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2091

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ferment, Fermentation

Reading

Parts

酉Bird of the zodiac 孝Filial piety

Example Word

酵素: enzyme. The Japanese noun '酵素 (こうそ)' refers to 'enzyme', which is a protein that acts as a catalyst in biochemical reactions. Enzymes are essential for various biological processes, such as digestion and metabolism. For example: enzymes help break down food「酵素は食べ物を分解するのを助けます」(こうそはたべものをぶんかいするのをたすけます). This product contains digestive enzymes「この製品には消化酵素が含まれています」(このせいひんにはしょうかこうそがふくまれています). The term is commonly used in scientific, medical, and everyday contexts related to health and biology.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

2102

Handwriting