kanji

Meaning

See

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 目Eye

Example Word

見直し: review or revision. The Japanese noun '見直し (みなおし)' refers to the act of reviewing or revising something. It is commonly used in contexts where a plan, policy, or document is being re-examined for improvement or correction. For example: We need a review of the project「プロジェクトの見直しが必要です」(ぷろじぇくとのみなおしがひつようです). The government is considering a revision of the law「政府は法律の見直しを検討しています」(せいふはほうりつのみなおしをけんとうしています). The word can also imply a positive reassessment, such as when someone's opinion of something improves after reconsideration.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

3

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Come

Reading

Parts

米Rice 一One

Example Word

来月: next month. The Japanese noun'来月 (らいげつ)' means 'next month'. It is used to refer to the month following the current one. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to discuss events, plans, or appointments that are scheduled for the upcoming month. For example: I will go to Japan next month「来月日本に行きます」(らいげつにほんにいきます).The exam will be held next month「試験は来月行われます」(しけんはらいげつおこなわれます).Note that '来月' is a time expression and is often used with verbs indicating future actions or states.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

5

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)可Possible

Example Word

何より: best. The Japanese noun '何より (なにより)' means 'best' or 'above all else'. It is often used to emphasize that something is the most important, valuable, or desirable thing in a given context. For example: Your health is what matters most「何より健康が大切です」(なによりけんこうがたいせつです). Nothing is more important than your happiness「何よりあなたの幸せが一番です」(なによりあなたのしあわせがいちばんです). This word is commonly used in positive contexts to highlight priority or preference.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

13

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Private, Me

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 厶Private

Example Word

私立: private. The Japanese noun '私立 (しりつ)' means 'private'. This term is commonly used to describe institutions, particularly schools or universities, that are privately funded and operated, as opposed to public or government-run institutions. For example: I attend a private university「私は私立大学に通っています」(わたしはしりつだいがくにかよっています). This is a private school「これは私立の学校です」(これはしりつのがっこうです). The term can also be used more broadly to describe other privately owned or operated entities, but it is most frequently associated with educational institutions.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

15

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Say

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 亠Lid 二Two

Example Word

言い替える: rephrase. The Japanese verb '言い替える (いいかえる)' means 'to rephrase' or 'to say in other words'. It is used when someone wants to express the same idea or concept using different words, often to make it clearer or more understandable. This verb is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts. For example: Can you rephrase that?「それを言い替えてくれますか？」(それをいいかえてくれますか？). He rephrased the question to make it easier to understand「彼はその質問を理解しやすいように言い替えた」(かれはそのしつもんをりかいしやすいようにいいかえた). Note that '言い替える' can also imply a slight change in nuance or emphasis when rephrasing.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

25

Radical Form

訁

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body, Self

Reading

Parts

自Self 亅Barb 丿Katakana no

Example Word

全身: whole body. The Japanese noun '全身 (ぜんしん)' means 'whole body'. It refers to the entire body or all parts of the body collectively. This term is often used in medical, fitness, or descriptive contexts. For example: He felt pain all over his body「彼は全身に痛みを感じた」(かれはぜんしんにいたみをかんじた). The athlete trained his whole body「その選手は全身を鍛えた」(そのせんしゅはぜんしんをきたえた). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something affecting the entire body, such as '全身麻酔 (ぜんしんますい)' (general anesthesia).

Radical

身

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

64

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ruler, You

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 尹Official rank

Example Word

君: you. The Japanese pronoun '君 (きみ)' is an informal way to say 'you'. It is typically used by males and can carry a sense of familiarity or intimacy, often used among friends, peers, or when addressing someone of lower status. However, it can also sound condescending if used inappropriately, so caution is advised. Example sentences: You are kind「君は優しい」(きみはやさしい). I like you「君が好きだ」(きみがすきだ). Note that '君' is less formal than 'あなた' and is rarely used in polite or professional settings.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

75

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Man

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 力Power

Example Word

長男: eldest son. The Japanese noun '長男 (ちょうなん)' refers to the 'eldest son' in a family. This term is used to denote the firstborn male child, often carrying cultural significance in terms of inheritance, family responsibilities, and traditional roles. For example: His eldest son is a doctor「彼の長男は医者です」(かれのちょうなんはいしゃです). The eldest son inherited the family business「長男は家業を継ぎました」(ちょうなんはかぎょうをつぎました). In Japanese society, the eldest son may traditionally be expected to take care of aging parents or manage family affairs.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

86

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Make

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)𠂉Person (人)二Two 丨Stick

Example Word

作戦: strategy. The Japanese noun '作戦 (さくせん)' means 'strategy' or 'tactical plan'. It is commonly used in contexts involving planning, especially in military, business, or competitive scenarios. The word implies a well-thought-out plan designed to achieve a specific goal. For example: The general devised a new strategy「将軍は新しい作戦を考えた」(しょうぐんはあたらしいさくせんをかんがえた). Our team's strategy worked perfectly「私たちのチームの作戦は完璧にうまくいった」(わたしたちのチームのさくせんはかんぺきにうまくいった). Note that while '作戦' can sometimes be used in casual contexts, it often carries a formal or serious tone.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

96

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 尸Corpse 丨Stick

Example Word

話し声: voice. The Japanese noun '話し声 (はなしごえ)' refers to the sound of someone's voice when they are speaking. It specifically emphasizes the auditory aspect of speech rather than the content. This word is often used to describe the tone, volume, or quality of someone's voice during conversation. For example: I heard a soft voice「優しい話し声が聞こえた」(やさしいはなしごえがきこえた). The loud voices of the children could be heard from outside「子供たちの大きな話し声が外から聞こえた」(こどもたちのおおきなはなしごえがそとからきこえた). Note that '話し声' is distinct from '声 (こえ)', which is a more general term for 'voice' and does not necessarily imply speech.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

110

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Body

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)本Book, Origin

Example Word

一体: really. The Japanese adverb '一体 (いったい)' is used to express strong emphasis, doubt, or curiosity, often translated as 'really', 'on earth', or 'in the world'. It is commonly used in questions to convey a sense of wonder or disbelief. For example: What on earth is this?「一体これは何ですか？」(いったいこれはなんですか？). Where in the world did you go?「一体どこに行ったの？」(いったいどこにいったの？). It can also be used in exclamations to emphasize a statement, such as: I really don't understand!「一体わからない！」(いったいわからない！). The nuance of '一体' often implies that the speaker is seeking clarity or expressing frustration.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

115

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Foot, Sufficient

Reading

Parts

龰Stop (止)口Mouth

Example Word

足し算: addition. The Japanese verbal noun '足し算 (たしざん)' refers to the mathematical operation of addition. It is used to describe the process of adding numbers together to find their total. This term is commonly used in educational settings, such as in math classes or when teaching children basic arithmetic. For example: Let's do addition「足し算をしましょう」(たしざんをしましょう). I am good at addition「私は足し算が得意です」(わたしはたしざんがとくいです). The term can also be used in everyday contexts when discussing calculations or sums.

Radical

足

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

121

Radical Form

⻊

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Near

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty ⻌Walk

Example Word

間近: near. The Japanese adjectival noun '間近 (まぢか)' means 'near' or 'close at hand'. It is used to describe something that is physically close in proximity or something that is about to happen soon. This word often conveys a sense of immediacy or closeness in time or space. For example: The exam is near「試験が間近だ」(しけんがまぢかだ). The station is near「駅は間近です」(えきはまぢかです). It can also be used to describe events that are imminent, such as 'The deadline is near'「締め切りが間近だ」(しめきりがまぢかだ).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

122

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Against

Reading

Parts

寸Measurement 文Sentence

Example Word

絶対: absolutely. The Japanese adverb '絶対 (ぜったい)' means 'absolutely' or 'definitely'. It is used to emphasize certainty or to express that something is unconditional or without exception. This word is often used in both positive and negative contexts to stress the speaker's conviction. For example: I will absolutely come「絶対に行きます」(ぜったいにいきます). You must absolutely not tell anyone「絶対に誰にも言わないで」(ぜったいにだれにもいわないで). It can also be used to describe something that is absolute or unconditional, such as '絶対的な信頼 (ぜったいてきなしんらい) (absolute trust)'.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

148

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Village

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 寸Measurement

Example Word

村: village. The Japanese noun '村 (むら)' means 'village'. It refers to a small community or settlement, typically in a rural area, smaller than a town or city. This word is often used to describe a place with a close-knit community and a simpler way of life. For example: I live in a small village「私は小さな村に住んでいます」(わたしはちいさなむらにすんでいます). The village is surrounded by mountains「その村は山に囲まれています」(そのむらはやまにかこまれています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a group of people with shared characteristics, such as 'the village of artists' (芸術家の村, げいじゅつかのむら).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

180

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Separate

Reading

Parts

叧 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

別に: particularly or separately. The Japanese adverb '別に (べつに)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'particularly' or 'especially', often used in negative contexts to downplay something. For example: I don't particularly care「別に気にしない」(べつにきにしない). The second meaning is 'separately' or 'apart', indicating something is distinct or independent. For example: These are handled separately「これらは別に扱われる」(これらはべつにあつかわれる). The nuance of '別に' often conveys a sense of indifference or distinction, depending on the context.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

181

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Self, Ego

Reading

Parts

手Hand 戈

Example Word

我が国: our country. The Japanese noun '我が国 (わがくに)' means 'our country'. It is a formal and somewhat patriotic term used to refer to one's own nation, often in official or ceremonial contexts. The term carries a sense of pride and belonging. For example: We must protect our country「我が国を守らなければならない」(わがくにをまもらなければならない). Our country is beautiful「我が国は美しい」(わがくにはうつくしい). The term is often used in speeches, official documents, and news reports to emphasize national identity and unity.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

182

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Car

Reading

Parts

二Two 申Report

Example Word

乗車券: ticket. The Japanese noun '乗車券 (じょうしゃけん)' refers to a 'ticket' specifically for boarding a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or other forms of public transportation. It is commonly used in contexts related to travel and commuting. For example: Please show your ticket「乗車券を見せてください」(じょうしゃけんをみせてください). I bought a train ticket「電車の乗車券を買いました」(でんしゃのじょうしゃけんをかいました). This term is distinct from other types of tickets, such as event tickets, which would use a different word like 'チケット' or '入場券 (にゅうじょうけん).'

Radical

車

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

190

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flower

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 化Change

Example Word

花: flower. The Japanese noun '花 (はな)' means 'flower'. It refers to the bloom or blossom of a plant, often associated with beauty, nature, and seasons. This word is commonly used in contexts related to gardens, festivals, or metaphors for life and transience. For example: The cherry blossoms are beautiful「桜の花がきれいです」(さくらのはながきれいです). I bought flowers for my mother「母に花を買いました」(ははにはなをかいました). '花' is also used in idiomatic expressions and compound words, such as '花見 (はなみ)' (flower viewing) or '花火 (はなび)' (fireworks).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

195

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 反Anti

Example Word

引き返す: turn back. The Japanese verb '引き返す (ひきかえす)' means 'to turn back' or 'to return'. It is used when someone or something reverses direction and goes back to a previous location or state. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physical movement, decisions, or actions. For example: He turned back halfway through the journey「彼は途中で引き返した」(かれはとちゅうでひきかえした). Due to the bad weather, we had to turn back「悪天候のため、引き返さなければならなかった」(あくてんこうのため、ひきかえさなければならなかった). The verb often implies a deliberate decision to go back, rather than simply returning.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

199

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Help

Reading

Parts

且Moreover, Also 力Power

Example Word

助ける: help. The Japanese verb '助ける (たすける)' means 'to help' or 'to assist'. It is used when someone provides assistance or support to another person, often in a situation where the other person is in trouble or needs aid. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as helping someone physically, emotionally, or financially. For example: I helped my friend「友達を助けた」(ともだちをたすけた). She helped me with my homework「彼女は私の宿題を助けてくれた」(かのじょはわたしのしゅくだいをたすけてくれた). It can also imply saving someone from danger, as in: The lifeguard helped the drowning child「ライフガードは溺れている子供を助けた」(ライフガードはおぼれているこどもをたすけた). Note that '助ける' is often used in situations where the help is significant or impactful.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

200

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shape

Reading

Parts

彡Fur 开Open

Example Word

形容詞: adjective. The Japanese noun '形容詞 (けいようし)' refers to 'adjective' in English. It is a part of speech that describes or modifies a noun, providing additional information about its qualities or states. In Japanese grammar, 形容詞 specifically refers to i-adjectives, which are a distinct category of adjectives that end in 'い' in their dictionary form. For example: This is a beautiful flower「これは美しい花です」(これはうつくしいはなです). The weather is cold today「今日は寒いです」(きょうはさむいです). Understanding 形容詞 is crucial for constructing descriptive sentences in Japanese.

Radical

彡

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

201

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Town

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 丁Street

Example Word

下町: downtown. The Japanese noun '下町 (したまち)' refers to the traditional downtown or lower-lying areas of a city, often associated with older neighborhoods, working-class communities, and a sense of local culture and history. These areas are typically contrasted with more modern or upscale districts. For example: I live in the downtown area「私は下町に住んでいます」(わたしはしたまちにすんでいます). The downtown has a nostalgic atmosphere「下町は懐かしい雰囲気があります」(したまちはなつかしいふんいきがあります). The term often evokes images of narrow streets, small shops, and a close-knit community.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

211

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Soldier

Reading

Parts

丘Hill 八Eight

Example Word

兵士: soldier. The Japanese noun '兵士 (へいし)' means 'soldier'. It refers to a person who serves in an army or military force. This term is neutral and can be used to describe soldiers in any context, whether historical, modern, or fictional. For example: The soldier fought bravely「兵士は勇敢に戦った」(へいしはゆうかんにたたかった). Many soldiers were injured in the battle「多くの兵士が戦闘で負傷した」(おおくのへいしがせんとうでふしょうした). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

218

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beginning, First

Reading

Parts

衤 刀Sword

Example Word

初日: first day. The Japanese noun '初日 (しょにち)' refers to the 'first day' of an event, activity, or period. It is commonly used in contexts such as the first day of a festival, the opening day of a movie, or the first day of a new job. For example: The first day of the festival was crowded「祭りの初日は混雑していた」(まつりのしょにちはこんざつしていた). The movie's opening day is tomorrow「映画の初日は明日です」(えいがのしょにちはあしたです). This word emphasizes the beginning or commencement of something significant.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

226

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Company

Reading

Parts

土Soil 礻Cult (示)

Example Word

出版社: publisher. The Japanese noun '出版社 (しゅっぱんしゃ)' refers to a 'publisher', specifically a company or organization that publishes books, magazines, or other written materials. It is commonly used in contexts related to the publishing industry. For example: This book was published by a famous publisher「この本は有名な出版社から出版されました」(このほんはゆうめいなしゅっぱんしゃからしゅっぱんされました). She works at a publishing company「彼女は出版社で働いています」(かのじょはしゅっぱんしゃではたらいています). The word is often used in professional or formal settings when discussing the production and distribution of written works.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

240

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)夬Decide

Example Word

取り決め: agreement. The Japanese noun '取り決め (とりきめ)' refers to an agreement or arrangement made between parties. It is often used in formal or business contexts to describe decisions or terms that have been mutually agreed upon. For example: We made an agreement about the project「プロジェクトについて取り決めをした」(ぷろじぇくとについてとりきめをした). The agreement between the two companies was finalized「両社間の取り決めが成立した」(りょうしゃかんのとりきめがせいりつした). This word emphasizes the formal and binding nature of the agreement.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

253

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Profit, Advantage

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

金利: interest. The Japanese noun '金利 (きんり)' refers to 'interest' in the financial sense, specifically the cost of borrowing money or the return on invested funds. It is commonly used in contexts related to banking, loans, and investments. For example: The interest rate is high「金利が高い」(きんりがたかい). I checked the interest on my savings account「貯金の金利を確認した」(ちょきんのきんりをかくにんした). This term is essential in financial discussions and is often paired with words like 'loan' (ローン) or 'savings' (貯金).

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

262

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Parts

亼 朩

Example Word

余所: elsewhere. The Japanese noun '余所 (よそ)' primarily means 'elsewhere' or 'another place'. It is used to refer to a place that is not here, often implying a sense of distance or separation. This word can also carry a nuance of something being outside one's immediate concern or awareness. For example: I heard it from elsewhere「それを余所で聞きました」(それをよそでききました). He is always thinking about elsewhere「彼はいつも余所のことを考えている」(かれはいつもよそのことをかんがえている). Additionally, '余所' can sometimes imply a sense of detachment or indifference, as in '余所事 (よそごと)', meaning 'someone else's affair'.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

273

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Red

Reading

Parts

土Soil 丿Katakana no 亅Barb 八Eight

Example Word

赤い: red. The Japanese adjective '赤い (あかい)' means 'red'. It is used to describe objects, colors, or anything that has a red hue. This adjective is commonly used in everyday conversation and can describe both physical objects and abstract concepts. For example: the apple is red「そのリンゴは赤い」(そのリンゴはあかい). The sunset is red「夕日が赤い」(ゆうひがあかい). It can also be used metaphorically, such as in '赤い糸 (あかいいと)', which refers to the 'red thread of fate' connecting two people destined to meet. Note that '赤い' is the adjective form, while '赤 (あか)' is the noun form meaning 'red'.

Radical

赤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

308

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Judge, Stamp

Reading

Parts

半Half 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

評判: rumor or reputation. The Japanese noun '評判 (ひょうばん)' can mean either 'reputation' or 'rumor', depending on the context. When referring to 'reputation', it describes the general opinion or esteem that people have about someone or something. For example: This restaurant has a good reputation「このレストランは評判がいい」(このレストランはひょうばんがいい). When referring to 'rumor', it describes information or stories that are spread informally, often without verification. For example: There is a rumor about him「彼についての評判がある」(かれについてのひょうばんがある). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings, and its meaning depends on the context in which it is used.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

330

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Good

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 艮Stopping

Example Word

良い: good. The Japanese adjective '良い (よい)' means 'good'. It is a versatile word used to describe something that is of high quality, favorable, or desirable. It can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from describing objects and situations to expressing approval or satisfaction. For example: This is a good book「これは良い本です」(これはよいほんです). The weather is good today「今日は天気が良い」(きょうはてんきがよい). Additionally, '良い' can sometimes be used to express permission, as in 'It's good to go'「行っても良い」(いってもよい). Note that '良い' is often pronounced as 'いい' in casual speech, though the meaning remains the same.

Radical

艮

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

334

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 殳Pike

Example Word

役目: duty or role. The Japanese noun '役目 (やくめ)' refers to a specific role or duty that someone or something is expected to fulfill. It often implies a sense of responsibility or obligation. For example: his role is to protect the family「彼の役目は家族を守ることです」(かれのやくめはかぞくをまもることです). It is my duty to finish this task「この仕事を終わらせるのが私の役目です」(このしごとをおわらせるのがわたしのやくめです). The word can be used in both formal and informal contexts, and it often carries a connotation of importance or necessity.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

354

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rank

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)立Stand

Example Word

上位: higher rank or superior position. The Japanese noun '上位 (じょうい)' refers to a higher rank or superior position within a hierarchy, system, or classification. It is often used in contexts such as rankings, competitions, or organizational structures. For example: He is in a higher rank in the company「彼は会社で上位にいる」(かれはかいしゃでじょういにいる). This product is in the superior position in the market「この製品は市場で上位にある」(このせいひんはしじょうでじょういにある). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as '上位概念 (じょういがいねん)' meaning 'superordinate concept'.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

366

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Art, Performance

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 云Say

Example Word

芸術: art. The Japanese noun '芸術 (げいじゅつ)' refers to 'art' in a broad sense, encompassing various forms of creative expression such as painting, sculpture, music, literature, and theater. It is often used to describe works that are considered to have aesthetic or cultural value. For example: modern art is fascinating「現代芸術は魅力的だ」(げんだいげいじゅつはみりょくてきだ). She studies art at university「彼女は大学で芸術を勉強している」(かのじょはだいがくでげいじゅつをべんきょうしている). The term can also be used in a more abstract sense to describe the concept of art itself, as in 'the essence of art'「芸術の本質」(げいじゅつのほんしつ).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

388

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Corner, Angle

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 冂Enclosure 土Soil

Example Word

曲がり角: corner. The Japanese noun '曲がり角 (まがりかど)' refers to a 'corner' or 'bend' in a road or path. It is often used both literally and metaphorically. Literally, it describes a physical turn or curve in a street or path. Metaphorically, it can signify a turning point or critical moment in life or a situation. For example: Turn right at the corner「曲がり角を右に曲がってください」(まがりかどをみぎにまがってください). This is a turning point in my life「これは私の人生の曲がり角です」(これはわたしのじんせいのまがりかどです). The word is commonly used in everyday conversation and literature to describe both physical and abstract concepts.

Radical

角

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

389

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Live

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)主Master

Example Word

衣食住: necessities. The Japanese noun '衣食住 (いしょくじゅう)' refers to the basic necessities of life: clothing (衣), food (食), and shelter (住). It is often used to discuss the fundamental aspects of living or to emphasize the importance of these basic needs. For example: The government must ensure the necessities of life for its citizens「政府は国民の衣食住を確保しなければならない」(せいふはこくみんのいしょくじゅうをかくほしなければならない). In modern society, the concept of '衣食住' has expanded to include other essentials like healthcare and education. This term is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and reflects the importance of simplicity and practicality in daily life.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

396

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

折角: effort. The Japanese adverb '折角 (せっかく)' conveys the idea of something being done with considerable effort, trouble, or difficulty, and often implies that it would be a waste or a shame not to make use of or appreciate the result of that effort. It is commonly used to express the value of taking advantage of an opportunity or to indicate that something was done with a lot of effort, so it should not be wasted. For example: I went to the trouble of making this cake, so please eat it「せっかく作ったケーキだから、食べてください」(せっかくつくったケーキだから、たべてください). Since you've come all this way, you should stay a while「せっかく来たんだから、しばらくいてください」(せっかくきたんだから、しばらくいてください). The nuance of '折角' often carries a sense of regret or disappointment if the effort or opportunity is not utilized.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

支那: China. The Japanese proper noun '支那 (しな)' is an archaic term for China. It was commonly used in Japan before World War II, but its usage has declined significantly due to its historical connotations and potential to cause offense. In modern contexts, '中国 (ちゅうごく)' is the standard and neutral term for China. Example sentences: He studied the history of China「彼は支那の歴史を勉強した」(かれはしなのれきしをべんきょうした). The word '支那' is rarely used today「支那という言葉は今日ではほとんど使われない」(しなということばはきょうではほとんどつかわれない).

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

425

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 人Person ハKatakana ha

Example Word

谷: valley. The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Radical

谷

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

427

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Run

Reading

Parts

土Soil 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

走る: run. The Japanese verb '走る (はしる)' means 'to run'. It is used to describe the action of moving quickly on foot, typically faster than walking. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as running in a race, running away from something, or even metaphorically, like a river running through a valley. For example: I run every morning「私は毎朝走る」(わたしはまいあさはしる). The river runs through the valley「川が谷間を走る」(かわがたにまをはしる). It's important to note that '走る' can also be used in compound verbs, such as '駆け走る (かけはしる)' which means 'to dash' or 'to sprint'.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

438

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 心Heart

Example Word

忘年会: year end party. The Japanese noun '忘年会 (ぼうねんかい)' refers to a 'year-end party'. This is a traditional event held in Japan at the end of the year, typically in December, where colleagues, friends, or groups gather to celebrate the passing year and forget the hardships or troubles of the past year. The word itself combines '忘年' (forgetting the year) and '会' (gathering/party). These parties often involve food, drinks, and sometimes karaoke. Example sentences: Let's have a year-end party「忘年会をしましょう」(ぼうねんかいをしましょう). The company's year-end party was fun「会社の忘年会は楽しかった」(かいしゃのぼうねんかいはたのしかった).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

441

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exquisite, Marvelous

Reading

Parts

女Woman 少Few

Example Word

微妙: subtle or doubtful. The Japanese adjectival noun '微妙 (びみょう)' can mean 'subtle' or 'doubtful', depending on the context. When used to mean 'subtle', it refers to something that is delicate, nuanced, or not easily noticeable. For example: The difference is subtle「その違いは微妙だ」(そのちがいはびみょうだ). When used to mean 'doubtful', it expresses uncertainty or skepticism about something. For example: I'm doubtful about his plan「彼の計画は微妙だ」(かれのけいかくはびみょうだ). This word is often used in casual conversation to express that something is 'questionable' or 'not quite right' without being overly negative. It can also be used to describe a situation that is hard to judge or evaluate clearly.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sell

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 穴Hole

Example Word

発売: sale. The Japanese verbal noun '発売 (はつばい)' refers to the act of releasing or putting something on sale, typically a product or item. It is commonly used in contexts such as the release of new products, books, games, or other goods. For example: The new game will go on sale next week「新しいゲームは来週発売されます」(あたらしいゲームはらいしゅうはつばいされます). This book was released last month「この本は先月発売されました」(このほんはせんげつはつばいされました). Note that '発売' often implies the initial release or launch of a product, rather than ongoing sales.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

463

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)以By means of

Example Word

似せる: imitate. The Japanese verb '似せる (にせる)' means 'to imitate' or 'to make something resemble something else'. It is often used when someone intentionally makes one thing look or act like another. For example: She imitated her teacher's voice「彼女は先生の声に似せた」(かのじょはせんせいのこえににせた). He made the painting resemble a famous artwork「彼はその絵を有名な芸術作品に似せた」(かれはそのえをゆうめいなげいじゅつさくひんににせた). This verb can also be used in contexts where something is designed or altered to mimic another thing, such as in fashion, art, or behavior.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

464

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Form, Condition

Reading

Parts

丬 犬Dog

Example Word

状態: condition. The Japanese noun '状態 (じょうたい)' refers to the state or condition of something. It is commonly used to describe the current state of an object, situation, or even a person's health. For example: The condition of the machine is bad「機械の状態が悪い」(きかいのじょうたいがわるい). The patient's condition is stable「患者の状態は安定している」(かんじゃのじょうたいはあんていしている). This word is versatile and can be applied to various contexts, such as physical states, emotional states, or the status of a project.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

507

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breathe out, Blow

Reading

Parts

囗Box 欠Lack

Example Word

吹く: blow. The Japanese verb '吹く (ふく)' primarily means 'to blow'. This verb is used to describe the action of air or wind moving, such as 'the wind is blowing'「風が吹く」(かぜがふく). It can also be used metaphorically or in other contexts, such as blowing a musical instrument like a flute 'flute is blowing'「フルートを吹く」(ふるーとをふく). Additionally, '吹く' can be used to describe something that suddenly appears or occurs, like a rash or a rumor, though this usage is less common. For example: a rumor is spreading「噂が吹く」(うわさがふく).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

512

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trouble, Distress

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 囗Box

Example Word

困る: trouble. The Japanese verb '困る (こまる)' means 'to be in trouble' or 'to be troubled'. It is used to express a state of difficulty, distress, or inconvenience. This verb often conveys a sense of being at a loss or not knowing what to do in a situation. For example: I am in trouble because I lost my wallet「財布をなくして困っている」(さいふをなくしてこまっている). It can also be used to describe a situation where someone is inconvenienced or bothered by something: It troubles me when people are late「人が遅れると困る」(ひとがおくれるとこまる). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to express personal difficulties or challenges.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

515

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Younger brother

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 弓Bow 丨Stick 丷Divide

Example Word

弟子: disciple. The Japanese noun '弟子 (でし)' refers to a 'disciple' or 'apprentice'. It is used to describe someone who is learning under the guidance of a master or teacher, often in a specific art, skill, or discipline. This term is commonly associated with traditional arts, martial arts, or religious contexts. For example: He is my disciple「彼は私の弟子です」(かれはわたしのでしです). The master taught his disciple the art of calligraphy「師匠は弟子に書道を教えた」(ししょうはでしにしょどうをおしえた). The word carries a sense of respect and dedication, emphasizing the relationship between the teacher and the student.

Radical

弓

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

518

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pluck, Extract

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)友Friend

Example Word

抜ける: escape or come out. The Japanese verb '抜ける (ぬける)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to come out' or 'to be removed', often used when something is extracted or falls out from a place it was previously held. For example: the cork came out of the bottle「コルクが瓶から抜けた」(コルクがびんからぬけた). The second meaning is 'to escape' or 'to slip away', often implying a sense of leaving unnoticed or avoiding something. For example: he escaped from the meeting「彼は会議から抜けた」(かれはかいぎからぬけた). The verb can also imply a sense of something being missing or lacking, as in 'the energy is gone'「元気が抜けている」(げんきがぬけている).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

526

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Renew, Grow late

Reading

Parts

曰

Example Word

今更: now or belatedly. The Japanese adverb '今更 (いまさら)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'now', but with a nuance of something being done or realized at the current moment, often implying it's too late or unexpected. The second meaning is 'belatedly', indicating that something is being done or realized much later than it should have been. Example sentences: It's too late to apologize now「今更謝っても遅いよ」(いまさらあやまってもおそいよ). He belatedly realized his mistake「彼は今更自分の間違いに気づいた」(かれはいまさらじぶんのまちがいにきづいた).

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

533

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Marsh, Swamp

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)尺Foot

Example Word

沢山: many. The Japanese adverb '沢山 (たくさん)' means 'many' or 'a lot'. It is used to indicate a large quantity of something, whether it be objects, people, or abstract concepts. It can be used in both positive and neutral contexts. For example: There are many books「本が沢山ある」(ほんがたくさんある). I ate a lot「沢山食べた」(たくさんたべた). Note that '沢山' is often used in casual conversation and can also imply 'enough' or 'plenty' in certain contexts, such as 'That's enough, thank you'「もう沢山です、ありがとう」(もうたくさんです、ありがとう).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

538

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cold

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)令Orders

Example Word

冷たい: cold. The Japanese adjective '冷たい (つめたい)' primarily means 'cold' and is used to describe something that has a low temperature, such as cold water or cold weather. It can also describe a person's attitude or behavior as being emotionally cold or distant. For example: The water is cold「水が冷たい」(みずがつめたい). She gave me a cold look「彼女は冷たい目をした」(かのじょはつめたいめをした). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations to describe both physical and emotional coldness.

Radical

冫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hometown

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 土Soil

Example Word

里: village. The Japanese noun '里 (さと)' refers to a 'village' or a rural area, often contrasting with urban areas. It carries a sense of nostalgia and simplicity, evoking images of traditional Japanese countryside life. This word is commonly used in literature and poetry to depict idyllic rural settings. For example: I returned to my hometown village「私は里に帰りました」(わたしはさとかえりました). The village is surrounded by mountains「里は山に囲まれている」(さとはやまにかこまれている). Additionally, '里' can sometimes refer to a foster home or a place where someone is raised, as in '里親 (さとおや)' (foster parent).

Radical

里

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

556

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Parts

水Water

Example Word

求める: request or seek. The Japanese verb '求める (もとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to seek' or 'to look for', which is used when someone is searching for something, such as an object, information, or a solution. For example: He is seeking the truth「彼は真実を求めている」(かれはしんじつをもとめている). The second meaning is 'to request' or 'to demand', which is used when someone asks for something or requires a specific action. For example: The company requested a detailed report「会社は詳細なレポートを求めた」(かいしゃはしょうさいなレポートをもとめた). The verb can also imply a sense of necessity or desire, depending on the context. It is commonly used in both formal and informal settings.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

562

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Announce

Reading

Parts

⺧Cow 口Mouth

Example Word

広告: advertisement. The Japanese verbal noun '広告 (こうこく)' means 'advertisement'. It refers to a notice or announcement promoting a product, service, or event. This word is commonly used in contexts related to marketing, media, and business. For example: I saw an advertisement on TV「テレビで広告を見た」(テレビでこうこくをみた). The company placed an advertisement in the newspaper「会社は新聞に広告を出した」(かいしゃはしんぶんにこうこくをだした). '広告' can also be used in compound words like '広告費 (こうこくひ)' (advertising expenses) or '広告代理店 (こうこくだいりてん)' (advertising agency).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

564

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Intention

Reading

Parts

心Heart 士Samurai

Example Word

志: aspiration. The Japanese suffix '志 (し)' is used to denote aspiration, ambition, or intention. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe a person's goals or desires. For example: a person with a strong aspiration to become a doctor「医者志の学生」(いしゃしのがくせい). This suffix is commonly used in contexts related to career goals, personal ambitions, or specific intentions. It can also be seen in words like '学者志 (がくしゃし)', meaning 'aspiring scholar', or '作家志 (さっかし)', meaning 'aspiring writer'. Note that '志' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'will' or 'intention', but as a suffix, it specifically conveys the idea of aspiration or ambition.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

568

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Map

Reading

Parts

囗Box 斗Ladle, Dipper

Example Word

地図: map. The Japanese noun '地図 (ちず)' means 'map'. It refers to a visual representation of an area, showing physical features, cities, roads, etc. This word is commonly used in everyday situations, such as when navigating or planning trips. For example: I bought a map of Tokyo「東京の地図を買いました」(とうきょうのちずをかいました). Can you show me the map?「地図を見せてくれますか？」(ちずをみせてくれますか？). It is also used in compound words like '世界地図 (せかいちず)' (world map) or '地下鉄地図 (ちかてつちず)' (subway map).

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

576

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Research

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 九Nine

Example Word

究極: ultimate. The Japanese noun '究極 (きゅうきょく)' means 'ultimate'. It refers to the highest or final stage of something, often implying the most extreme or perfect form. This word is commonly used in contexts like philosophy, goals, or products to denote the pinnacle or end result. For example: the ultimate goal「究極の目標」(きゅうきょくのもくひょう). This is the ultimate solution「これは究極の解決策です」(これはきゅうきょくのかいけつさくです). It can also carry a nuance of being the final or most advanced stage in a process or development.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

579

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Labor

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 冖Crown 力Power

Example Word

労働者: worker. The Japanese noun '労働者 (ろうどうしゃ)' refers to a 'worker' or 'laborer'. It is a general term used to describe someone who performs physical or mental work, often in exchange for wages. This word is commonly used in contexts related to employment, labor rights, and workplace discussions. For example: The workers are on strike「労働者がストライキをしている」(ろうどうしゃがストライキをしている). Many workers commute by train「多くの労働者が電車で通勤する」(おおくのろうどうしゃがでんしゃでつうきんする). The term can apply to various types of workers, including factory workers, office workers, or manual laborers, and is neutral in tone.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

587

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reform

Reading

Parts

己Oneself 攵Strike

Example Word

改善: improvement. The Japanese verbal noun '改善 (かいぜん)' means 'improvement'. It refers to the act of making something better or enhancing its quality, often used in contexts like business, processes, or personal development. For example: We need to make improvements to the system「システムの改善が必要です」(システムのかいぜんがひつようです). The company is working on improving its services「会社はサービスの改善に取り組んでいます」(かいしゃはサービスのかいぜんにとりくんでいます). This word is commonly used in professional or formal settings to describe efforts to refine or optimize something.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

588

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Doctor

Reading

Parts

矢Arrow 匸Side enclosure

Example Word

医療: medical care. The Japanese noun '医療 (いりょう)' means 'medical care'. This word refers to the professional services provided for the prevention, treatment, and management of illness and injuries. It can be used to refer to both general medical care and specialized treatments. For example: She works in medical care 「彼女は医療に従事している」 (かのじょはいりょうにじゅうじしている). Access to medical care is important 「医療へのアクセスは重要です」 (いりょうへのあくせすはじゅうようです). The word is often used in contexts related to healthcare facilities, insurance, and public health systems.

Radical

匸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

601

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Answer, Respond

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 心Heart

Example Word

反応: reaction. The Japanese verbal noun '反応 (はんのう)' means 'reaction'. It refers to a response or change that occurs as a result of an action, event, or stimulus. This word is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts. For example: The chemical reaction was fast「化学反応は速かった」(かがくはんのうははやかった). Her reaction to the news was surprising「彼女のそのニュースへの反応は驚くものだった」(かのじょのそのニュースへのはんのうはおどろくものだった). It can also describe emotional or social responses, such as public reaction to a policy「政策への世間の反応」(せいさくへのせけんのはんのう).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

606

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pleasant

Reading

Parts

忄 夬Decide

Example Word

不快: discomfort. The Japanese noun '不快 (ふかい)' refers to a feeling of discomfort or unpleasantness. It can describe physical discomfort, such as feeling unwell, or emotional discomfort, such as unease or irritation. This word is often used in contexts where something causes a negative sensation or reaction. For example: I feel discomfort in this situation「この状況に不快を感じる」(このじょうきょうにふかいをかんじる). The smell caused discomfort「その匂いが不快を引き起こした」(そのにおいがふかいをひきおこした). It is also commonly used in phrases like '不快感 (ふかいかん)' (feeling of discomfort) to emphasize the sensation of unease.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

607

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End, Tail

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 毛Fur

Example Word

尾: tail. The Japanese noun '尾 (お)' means 'tail'. This word is used to refer to the tail of an animal, such as a cat, dog, or bird. It can also be used metaphorically to describe the end or trailing part of something. For example: the cat's tail is long「猫の尾は長い」(ねこのおはながい). The comet has a bright tail「彗星は明るい尾を持っている」(すいせいはあかるいおをもっている). In some contexts, it can also refer to the tail end of a story or event, though this usage is less common.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

609

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Throw

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)殳Pike

Example Word

投資: investment. The Japanese verbal noun '投資 (とうし)' means 'investment'. It refers to the act of investing money, time, or resources into something with the expectation of achieving a profit or benefit. This term is commonly used in financial contexts but can also apply to non-monetary investments, such as investing effort into a project. For example: He made a good investment in stocks「彼は株に良い投資をした」(かれはかぶにいいとうしをした). Investing in education is important「教育への投資は重要だ」(きょういくへのとうしはじゅうようだ). The word can also be used metaphorically, such as investing time in a relationship.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

617

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Assist, Help

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)左Left

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

620

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bed, Floor

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

床: floor. The Japanese noun '床 (ゆか)' refers to the 'floor' of a building or room. It is commonly used to describe the surface that people walk on indoors. This word is often used in contexts related to architecture, interior design, and daily life. For example: The floor is clean「床がきれいです」(ゆかがきれいです). I sat on the floor「床に座りました」(ゆかにすわりました). It can also refer to the floor of a stage or platform in specific contexts. Note that '床' is distinct from '地面 (じめん)', which refers to the ground or earth outdoors.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

638

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Boy, Sonny

Reading

Parts

土Soil 方Direction

Example Word

お坊さん: monk. The Japanese noun 'お坊さん (おぼうさん)' refers to a Buddhist monk. It is a polite and respectful term used to address or refer to monks, often associated with temples and religious practices. The prefix 'お' adds politeness, while '坊さん' is derived from '坊主 (ぼうず)', which can also mean monk but is less formal. Example sentences: The monk is praying「お坊さんが祈っています」(おぼうさんがいのっています). I saw a monk at the temple「お寺でお坊さんを見ました」(おてらでおぼうさんをみました). This term is commonly used in everyday conversation when referring to monks in a respectful manner.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

656

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

户 大Big

Example Word

払い戻す: refund. The Japanese verb '払い戻す (はらいもどす)' means 'to refund' or 'to return money'. It is commonly used in situations where money is returned to a customer, such as after canceling a purchase or service. For example: The store refunded the money「店がお金を払い戻した」(みせがおかねをはらいもどした). I got a refund for the ticket「チケットの払い戻しを受けた」(チケットのはらいもどしをうけた). This verb is often used in formal or business contexts, and it implies a process of returning funds that were previously paid.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

668

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Disorder, Riot

Reading

Parts

舌Tongue 乚

Example Word

混乱: confusion. The Japanese verbal noun '混乱 (こんらん)' means 'confusion'. It refers to a state of disorder, chaos, or disarray, often in situations where things are not clear or organized. This word is commonly used to describe situations, emotions, or systems that are in a state of turmoil. For example: The meeting ended in confusion「会議は混乱して終わった」(かいぎはこんらんしておわった). The city was in chaos after the earthquake「地震の後、街は混乱していた」(じしんのあと、まちはこんらんしていた). It can also describe mental confusion, such as: I was confused by the sudden change「急な変化に混乱した」(きゅうなへんかにこんらんした).

Radical

乛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

677

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stretch

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)申Report

Example Word

伸びる: stretch or grow. The Japanese verb '伸びる (のびる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to stretch', which refers to the physical act of extending something, such as a rubber band or one's body. For example: the rubber band stretched「ゴムが伸びた」(ゴムがのびた). The second meaning is 'to grow', which can refer to physical growth, such as a plant or a child, or abstract growth, such as skills or profits. For example: the plant grew「植物が伸びた」(しょくぶつがのびた). This verb is often used in contexts where something extends or increases over time. Note that the nuance of 'stretch' is more about physical extension, while 'grow' implies development or increase.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

680

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instant, Immediate

Reading

Parts

艮Stopping 卩Seal

Example Word

即ち: namely. The Japanese conjunction '即ち (すなわち)' means 'namely' or 'in other words'. It is used to clarify or restate something that has been mentioned previously, often to provide a more precise or detailed explanation. This word is commonly used in both written and formal spoken Japanese. For example: He is my best friend, namely, my brother「彼は私の親友、即ち、私の兄です」(かれはわたしのしんゆう、すなわち、わたしのあにです). The solution is simple, namely, to work harder「解決策は簡単だ、即ち、もっと頑張ることだ」(かいけつさくはかんたんだ、すなわち、もっとがんばることだ).

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

701

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surround

Reading

Parts

井Well 口Mouth

Example Word

周囲: surroundings. The Japanese noun '周囲 (しゅうい)' refers to the area or environment around something or someone. It can describe physical surroundings, such as the area around a building, or the social environment, such as the people around a person. For example: The surroundings are quiet「周囲は静かです」(しゅういはしずかです). He is aware of his surroundings「彼は周囲に気を配っている」(かれはしゅういにはきをくばっている). This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the environment or the people around a subject.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

711

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Crazy, Lunatic

Reading

Parts

犬Dog 王King

Example Word

狂う: crazy or broken. The Japanese verb '狂う (くるう)' can have two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'crazy', referring to a state of mental instability or irrational behavior. For example: he went crazy「彼は狂った」(かれはくるった). The second meaning is 'broken', referring to something that is out of order or not functioning correctly. For example: the clock is broken「時計が狂っている」(とけいがくるっている). The context in which this verb is used will determine which meaning is intended. It's important to note that '狂う' can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or plans that have gone awry.

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

715

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clause

Reading

Parts

攵Strike 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

条件: condition. The Japanese noun '条件 (じょうけん)' means 'condition'. It refers to a requirement, stipulation, or prerequisite that must be met for something to happen or be valid. This word is commonly used in contexts such as contracts, agreements, or when setting rules. For example: The condition for approval is hard work「承認の条件は努力です」(しょうにんのじょうけんはどりょくです). We agreed on the terms and conditions「私たちは条件に合意しました」(わたしたちはじょうけんにごういしました). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as discussing conditions for a job or a relationship.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

720

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bundle, Bind

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 口Mouth

Example Word

約束: promise. The Japanese verbal noun '約束 (やくそく)' means 'promise'. It refers to a commitment or assurance that one will do something or that a particular thing will happen. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to indicate a pledge or agreement between people. For example: I made a promise to my friend「友達と約束をした」(ともだちとやくそくをした). He broke his promise「彼は約束を破った」(かれはやくそくをやぶった). It can also be used in phrases like '約束を守る (やくそくをまもる)' (to keep a promise) or '約束を果たす (やくそくをはたす)' (to fulfill a promise).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

729

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bureau

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 句Phrase, Paragraph

Example Word

局: office. The Japanese noun '局 (きょく)' primarily means 'office' or 'bureau', referring to a place where administrative or professional work is conducted. It is often used in the context of government or organizational departments, such as '郵便局 (ゆうびんきょく)' (post office) or '放送局 (ほうそうきょく)' (broadcasting station). For example: I went to the post office「郵便局に行きました」(ゆうびんきょくにいきました). The broadcasting station is nearby「放送局は近くです」(ほうそうきょくはちかくです). Additionally, '局' can also refer to a 'situation' or 'state of affairs' in certain contexts, though this usage is less common.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

734

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Low

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)氐

Example Word

最低: worst. The Japanese noun '最低 (さいてい)' means 'worst' or 'lowest'. It is used to describe something that is of the lowest quality, standard, or moral level. This word can be used in various contexts, such as describing a terrible experience, a poor performance, or someone's behavior. For example: That movie was the worst「あの映画は最低だった」(あのえいがはさいていだった). His attitude is the worst「彼の態度は最低だ」(かれのたいどはさいていだ). It can also be used to express strong disapproval or disappointment, as in '最低な人 (さいていなひと) (the worst person)'.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

739

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excel, Excellent

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 乃

Example Word

優秀: excellent. The Japanese adjectival noun '優秀 (ゆうしゅう)' means 'excellent' and is used to describe someone or something that is outstanding, superior, or of high quality. It is often used to praise people, such as students, employees, or professionals, for their exceptional abilities or achievements. For example: He is an excellent student「彼は優秀な学生です」(かれはゆうしゅうながくせいです). This is an excellent product「これは優秀な製品です」(これはゆうしゅうなせいひんです). The term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in academic, professional, or evaluative contexts.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

746

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Child

Reading

Parts

儿Legs 旧Old, Past

Example Word

育児: childcare. The Japanese noun '育児 (いくじ)' refers to the act of raising or caring for children. It encompasses all activities related to the upbringing of a child, including feeding, education, and emotional support. This term is often used in contexts discussing parenting, family life, and social services. For example: She is busy with childcare「彼女は育児で忙しい」(かのじょはいくじでいそがしい). Childcare is challenging but rewarding「育児は大変だがやりがいがある」(いくじはたいへんだがやりがいがある).

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

750

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Slope

Reading

Parts

土Soil 反Anti

Example Word

坂: slope. The Japanese noun '坂 (さか)' means 'slope' or 'hill'. It refers to an inclined surface, such as a road or path that goes up or down. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and place names. For example: The slope is steep「坂が急です」(さかがきゅうです). Let's walk up the hill「坂を登りましょう」(さかをのぼりましょう). The nuance of this word is neutral and can refer to both gentle and steep slopes. It is often used in contexts related to travel, hiking, or describing terrain.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

761

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sink

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)冘

Example Word

沈む: sink. The Japanese verb '沈む (しずむ)' primarily means 'to sink'. It is used to describe something descending or submerging into a liquid, such as water. It can also be used metaphorically to describe a person's emotional state, such as feeling down or depressed. For example: The ship sank「船が沈んだ」(ふねがしずんだ). He sank into despair「彼は絶望に沈んだ」(かれはぜつぼうにしずんだ). The sun is setting「太陽が沈む」(たいようがしずむ). Note that '沈む' can also imply a gradual or inevitable decline, whether physical or emotional.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

792

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give, Wu China

Reading

Example Word

呉れる: give. The Japanese verb '呉れる (くれる)' means 'to give' and is used when someone gives something to the speaker or someone close to the speaker. It implies a sense of favor or kindness from the giver's side. This verb is often used in casual speech and is conjugated differently from other verbs. For example: He gave me a book「彼は私に本をくれた」(かれはわたしにほんをくれた). My friend gave me a ride「友達が車で送ってくれた」(ともだちがくるまでおくってくれた). Note that 'くれる' is used when the action benefits the speaker or someone in the speaker's in-group, and it is often accompanied by a sense of gratitude.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

800

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Complete

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 元Origin

Example Word

完全: complete. The Japanese adjectival noun '完全 (かんぜん)' means 'complete' or 'perfect'. It is used to describe something that is whole, without any deficiencies, or fully realized. This term can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from physical objects to abstract concepts. For example: This is a complete set「これは完全なセットです」(これはかんぜんなセットです). The plan was executed perfectly「計画は完全に実行された」(けいかくはかんぜんにじっこうされた). Note that '完全' can also be used to emphasize the entirety or perfection of a situation or object, often implying that nothing is missing or out of place.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

843

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Negate

Reading

Parts

不Not 口Mouth

Example Word

否: no. The Japanese interjection '否 (いや)' is a direct and somewhat informal way to say 'no'. It is often used in casual conversations to express disagreement, refusal, or to negate a statement. It can also convey a sense of hesitation or contradiction. For example: No, that's not true「いや、それは違う」(いや、それはちがう). No, I don't think so「いや、そうは思わない」(いや、そうはおもわない). In some contexts, it can also be used to express surprise or disbelief, such as 'No way!'「いや、まさか！」(いや、まさか！). This interjection is more commonly used in spoken language rather than formal writing.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

846

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Endure, Stealth

Reading

Parts

刃Blade 心Heart

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

856

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Skill

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)支Branch, Support

Example Word

技術: technology. The Japanese noun '技術 (ぎじゅつ)' primarily means 'technology' or 'technique'. It refers to the application of scientific knowledge for practical purposes, especially in industry, or the skills and methods used in a particular field. It can be used in various contexts, from discussing advancements in technology to describing someone's skill in a craft or art. For example: Japan is known for its advanced technology「日本は先進的な技術で知られている」(にほんはせんしんてきなぎじゅつでしられている). He has excellent technique in painting「彼は絵画の技術が優れている」(かれはかいがのぎじゅつがすぐれている).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

860

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Servant, Retainer

Reading

Example Word

総理大臣: Prime Minister. The Japanese noun '総理大臣 (そうりだいじん)' means 'Prime Minister.' This term refers to the head of government in Japan, who is responsible for leading the cabinet and implementing national policies. The Prime Minister is appointed by the Emperor after being designated by the National Diet. Example usage: The meeting was attended by the Prime Minister 「その会議には総理大臣が出席した」 (そのかいぎにはそうりだいじんがしゅっせきした). The Prime Minister announced new policies 「総理大臣が新しい政策を発表した」 (そうりだいじんがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした).

Radical

臣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

864

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Welcome

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 卬

Example Word

迎え: welcoming. The Japanese noun '迎え (むかえ)' refers to the act of welcoming or receiving someone, often used in contexts where someone is being picked up or greeted. It can also imply the act of meeting someone, such as at a station or airport. For example: I will go to the station to pick him up「彼を迎えに駅に行きます」(かれをむかえにえきにいきます). The welcoming of guests is important「お客様の迎えは大切です」(おきゃくさまのむかえはたいせつです). This word is often used in formal or polite settings, emphasizing the act of receiving someone with respect or hospitality.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

870

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chief, Older sibling of parent

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)白White

Example Word

伯母: aunt. The Japanese noun '伯母 (おば)' refers to one's aunt, specifically the sister of one's parent. It is used to denote a familial relationship and is a respectful term. The term can be used for both the father's and mother's sisters, but it is important to note that in Japanese, there are different terms for older and younger aunts, with '伯母 (おば)' typically referring to an older aunt. For example: My aunt is coming to visit「私の伯母が訪ねてきます」(わたしのおばがたずねてきます). She is my father's older sister「彼女は私の父の伯母です」(かのじょはわたしのちちのおばです).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

883

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accompany, Companion

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)半Half

Example Word

伴う: accompany. The Japanese verb '伴う (ともなう)' primarily means 'to accompany' or 'to go along with'. It is often used to describe situations where one thing naturally follows or is associated with another. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: success often accompanies hard work「成功はしばしば努力を伴う」(せいこうはしばしばどりょくをともなう). The storm was accompanied by strong winds「嵐は強い風を伴っていた」(あらしはつよいかぜをともなっていた). It's important to note that '伴う' can also imply a sense of inevitability or necessity in the relationship between the two things being described.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

945

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Criticize

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)比Compare, Ratio

Example Word

批判: criticism. The Japanese verbal noun '批判 (ひはん)' means 'criticism'. It refers to the act of analyzing and evaluating something, often pointing out its faults or shortcomings. This word is commonly used in contexts such as social commentary, reviews, or discussions where judgment or evaluation is involved. For example: His criticism was harsh「彼の批判は厳しかった」(かれのひはんはきびしかった). The media criticized the government「メディアは政府を批判した」(メディアはせいふをひはんした). Note that '批判' can carry a negative connotation, implying disapproval or fault-finding, but it can also be used neutrally in analytical contexts.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

968

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Steam

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)气Air

Example Word

汽車: steam train. The Japanese noun '汽車 (きしゃ)' refers to a 'steam train'. This word is often used to describe old-fashioned trains powered by steam engines, which were common in Japan during the early to mid-20th century. It evokes a sense of nostalgia and is frequently used in literature, songs, and historical contexts. For example: The steam train is coming「汽車が来る」(きしゃがくる). I saw a steam train at the museum「博物館で汽車を見た」(はくぶつかんできしゃをみた). Note that while modern trains are referred to as '電車 (でんしゃ)', '汽車' specifically refers to steam-powered trains.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

979

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Instead, Eliminate

Reading

Parts

去Past 卩Seal

Example Word

返却: return. The Japanese verbal noun '返却 (へんきゃく)' means 'return' in the sense of giving something back, such as returning a borrowed item. It is commonly used in contexts like returning books to a library or returning rented items. For example: Please return the book by tomorrow「本を明日までに返却してください」(ほんをあしたまでにへんきゃくしてください). I returned the DVD to the rental shop「DVDをレンタルショップに返却した」(DVDをレンタルショップにへんきゃくした). The term emphasizes the act of returning something to its original place or owner.

Radical

卩

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

995

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bath

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

風呂場: bathroom. The Japanese noun '風呂場 (ふろば)' specifically refers to the bathroom, particularly the area where the bathtub is located. In Japanese homes, the bathroom is often separate from the toilet, and '風呂場' emphasizes the bathing area. It is commonly used in daily conversation. For example: The bathroom is clean「風呂場はきれいです」(ふろばはきれいです). I slipped in the bathroom「風呂場で滑った」(ふろばですべった). This word is essential for describing the part of the house where bathing takes place.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

998

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cedar, Cryptomeria

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 彡Fur

Example Word

杉: cedar. The Japanese noun '杉 (すぎ)' refers to the cedar tree, specifically the Japanese cedar (Cryptomeria japonica). This tree is native to Japan and is commonly found in forests, temples, and shrines. It is known for its tall, straight trunk and aromatic wood, which is often used in construction and for making furniture. Example sentences: The cedar tree is tall「杉の木は高い」(すぎのきはたかい). The temple is surrounded by cedar trees「その寺は杉に囲まれている」(そのてらはすぎにかこまれている).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1021

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hard, Spicy

Reading

Parts

立Stand 十Ten

Example Word

塩辛い: salty. The Japanese adjective '塩辛い (しおからい)' means 'salty'. It is used to describe food or dishes that have a strong or pronounced saltiness. This word can also carry a nuance of being overly salty or having a sharp, briny taste. For example: this soup is salty「このスープは塩辛い」(このスープはしおからい). The pickles are too salty「漬物が塩辛すぎる」(つけものがしおからすぎる). Note that '塩辛い' is often used to describe food, but it can also be used metaphorically to describe situations or emotions that feel 'sharp' or 'intense'.

Radical

辛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1052

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Toil

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 力Power

Example Word

努める: strive. The Japanese verb '努める (つとめる)' means 'to strive' or 'to make an effort'. It is used to describe putting in effort or working diligently toward a goal. This verb is often used in formal or serious contexts, such as work, studies, or personal improvement. For example: I strive to improve my skills「私はスキルを向上させるよう努めています」(わたしはすきるをこうじょうさせるようつとめています). He strives to be a good father「彼は良い父親になるよう努めている」(かれはよいちちおやになるようつとめている). Note that '努める' can also imply a sense of duty or responsibility in the effort being made.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1066

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Materials, Timber

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 才Talent, Age

Example Word

素材: material. The Japanese noun '素材 (そざい)' primarily means 'material'. It refers to the raw substance or components used to create or build something. This term is commonly used in contexts such as cooking, art, construction, and manufacturing. For example: This dish uses fresh ingredients「この料理は新鮮な素材を使っています」(このりょうりはしんせんなそざいをつかっています). The artist chose high-quality materials「その芸術家は高品質の素材を選びました」(そのげいじゅつかはこうひんしつのそざいをえらびました). The word can also metaphorically refer to the basis or foundation of something, such as ideas or stories.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

1075

Handwriting