kanji

Meaning

Detach, Separate

Reading

Parts

离 隹Bird

Example Word

分離: separation. The Japanese verbal noun '分離 (ぶんり)' means 'separation'. It refers to the act or process of dividing or disconnecting something from a whole. This term is often used in both physical and abstract contexts, such as separating objects, ideas, or relationships. For example: the separation of church and state「教会と国家の分離」(きょうかいとこっかのぶんり). The separation of waste is important for recycling「廃棄物の分離はリサイクルに重要です」(はいきぶつのぶんりはりさいくるにじゅうようです). Note that '分離' can also imply a sense of detachment or isolation, depending on the context.

Radical

隹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

401

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 廷Court

Example Word

庭: garden. The Japanese noun '庭 (にわ)' means 'garden'. It refers to an outdoor area, typically adjacent to a house or building, that is cultivated with plants, flowers, or trees. This word is commonly used to describe both traditional Japanese gardens and more general garden spaces. For example: The garden is beautiful「庭がきれいです」(にわがきれいです). I play in the garden「庭で遊びます」(にわであそびます). It can also be used in compound words like '庭園 (ていえん)' (garden or park) or '家庭 (かてい)' (home or household), though the latter is unrelated to the meaning of 'garden'.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

402

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

All

Reading

Parts

比Compare, Ratio 白White

Example Word

皆: everyone. The Japanese noun '皆 (みな)' means 'everyone' or 'all'. It is used to refer to a group of people collectively, emphasizing inclusivity. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: Everyone is here「皆がここにいます」(みながここにいます). Let's all do our best「皆で頑張りましょう」(みなでがんばりましょう). It can also be used in phrases like '皆さん (みなさん)', which is a polite way to address a group of people, similar to 'ladies and gentlemen' or 'everyone' in English.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

403

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

School

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 交Mix

Example Word

校長: principal. The Japanese noun '校長 (こうちょう)' refers to the 'principal' of a school. This term is specifically used to denote the head or chief administrator of an educational institution, such as an elementary, middle, or high school. For example: The principal gave a speech「校長がスピーチをした」(こうちょうがすぴーちをした). Our school's principal is very kind「私たちの学校の校長はとても親切です」(わたしたちのがっこうのこうちょうはとてもしんせつです). The word is commonly used in formal contexts and is a key role in the Japanese education system.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

404

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dream

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 罒Net 冖Crown 夕Evening

Example Word

夢: dream. The Japanese noun '夢 (ゆめ)' primarily means 'dream'. It can refer to the dreams one experiences while sleeping, as well as aspirations or hopes for the future. For example: I had a strange dream last night「昨夜、変な夢を見た」(さくや、へんなゆめをみた). Her dream is to become a doctor「彼女の夢は医者になることです」(かのじょのゆめはいしゃになることです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that feels unreal or fantastical, such as 'a dreamlike scenery' (夢のような景色 - ゆめのようなけしき).

Radical

夕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

405

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shop

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 占Fortune telling

Example Word

店員: clerk. The Japanese noun '店員 (てんいん)' refers to a 'clerk' or 'shop assistant'. This term is used to describe someone who works in a store, assisting customers, handling transactions, and managing inventory. It is a common term in retail and service industries. For example: The clerk is friendly「店員は親切です」(てんいんはしんせつです). I asked the clerk for help「店員に助けを求めました」(てんいんにたすけをもとめました). The word is neutral and can be used in various contexts, such as in department stores, convenience stores, or specialty shops.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

406

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Parts

类 頁Page

Example Word

親類: relative. The Japanese noun '親類 (しんるい)' refers to a 'relative' or 'relation', specifically someone connected by blood or marriage. It is a general term used to describe family members beyond the immediate family, such as cousins, aunts, uncles, or in-laws. For example: He is my relative「彼は私の親類です」(かれはわたしのしんるいです). We have many relatives「私たちは親類が多いです」(わたしたちはしんるいがおおいです). The word is often used in formal or neutral contexts and can sometimes imply a broader family network.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

407

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Temple

Reading

Parts

土Soil 寸Measurement

Example Word

寺: temple. The Japanese noun '寺 (てら)' refers to a Buddhist temple, a place of worship and religious practice in Buddhism. It is distinct from Shinto shrines, which are called '神社 (じんじゃ)'. Temples often house statues of Buddha, serve as centers for meditation, and host various religious ceremonies. For example: I visited a temple「寺を訪れました」(てらをおとずれました). There is an old temple in Kyoto「京都に古い寺があります」(きょうとにふるいてらがあります). The word is commonly used in contexts related to religion, history, and tourism.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

408

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Metropolis

Reading

Parts

者Someone ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

都立: metropolitan. The Japanese noun '都立 (とりつ)' refers to something that is established or operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. It is commonly used in the context of institutions such as schools, hospitals, or parks that are managed by the metropolitan authority. For example: a metropolitan high school「都立高校」(とりつこうこう). The metropolitan hospital is large「都立病院は大きい」(とりつびょういんはおおきい). This term is specific to Tokyo and highlights the administrative jurisdiction of the metropolitan government over certain public facilities.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

409

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surprise, Surprised

Reading

Parts

馬Horse 敬Respect

Example Word

驚かす: surprise. The Japanese verb '驚かす (おどろかす)' means 'to surprise' or 'to astonish'. It is a transitive verb, meaning it requires a direct object. This verb is used when someone causes another person to feel surprised or shocked, often intentionally. For example: He surprised his friend with a gift「彼は友達をプレゼントで驚かした」(かれはともだちをぷれぜんとでおどろかした). The loud noise surprised everyone「大きな音がみんなを驚かした」(おおきなおとがみんなをおどろかした). The verb can also imply a sense of startling someone, as in: She startled me by suddenly appearing「彼女が突然現れて私を驚かした」(かのじょがとつぜんあらわれてわたしをおどろかした). Note that the verb '驚く (おどろく)' is the intransitive form, meaning 'to be surprised'.

Radical

馬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

410

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Construction

Reading

Parts

丅Down (下)一One

Example Word

工業: industry. The Japanese noun '工業 (こうぎょう)' refers to 'industry', specifically the sector involved in the production of goods using machinery and factories. It is often used in contexts discussing manufacturing, technology, and economic activities. For example: Japan is known for its advanced industry「日本は先進的な工業で知られている」(にほんはせんしんてきなこうぎょうでしられている). The city developed rapidly due to its thriving industry「その都市は繁栄する工業のおかげで急速に発展した」(そのとしははんえいするこうぎょうのおかげできゅうそくにはってんした). This term is distinct from '農業 (のうぎょう)' (agriculture) and '商業 (しょうぎょう)' (commerce), which refer to other sectors of the economy.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

411

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wife

Reading

Parts

女Woman 肀

Example Word

妻: wife. The Japanese noun '妻 (つま)' means 'wife'. It refers to a married woman in relation to her spouse. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: my wife is kind「私の妻は優しい」(わたしのつまはやさしい). He introduced his wife「彼は妻を紹介した」(かれはつまをしょうかいした). The word '妻' is neutral and does not carry any particular nuance, making it suitable for various situations. It is important to note that '妻' specifically refers to a wife and not to a girlfriend or fiancée.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

412

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Element

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 龶Life (生)

Example Word

素敵: lovely. The Japanese adjective '素敵 (すてき)' means 'lovely' or 'wonderful'. It is used to describe something or someone that is charming, delightful, or attractive. This word is often used in casual conversations to express admiration or approval. For example: That dress is lovely「そのドレスは素敵」(そのドレスはすてき). Your idea is wonderful「あなたのアイデアは素敵」(あなたのアイデアはすてき). The word can also be used to describe situations or experiences that are enjoyable or impressive. It carries a positive and warm connotation, making it a common compliment in Japanese.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

413

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Some, How many

Reading

Parts

幺Slight 戈 人Person

Example Word

幾つ: how many. The Japanese noun '幾つ (いくつ)' is used to ask about the number or quantity of something, typically when the exact number is unknown or unspecified. It is often translated as 'how many' in English. This word is commonly used in questions to inquire about age, quantity, or the number of items. For example: How many apples are there?「りんごは幾つありますか？」(りんごはいくつありますか？). How old is your child?「お子さんは幾つですか？」(おこさんはいくつですか？). Note that '幾つ' is more formal and less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '何個 (なんこ)' or '何歳 (なんさい)' for specific contexts.

Radical

幺

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

414

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sad

Reading

Parts

非Mistake, Negative 心Heart

Example Word

悲しい: sad. The Japanese adjective '悲しい (かなしい)' means 'sad'. It is used to describe a feeling of sorrow, unhappiness, or grief. This word can be applied to situations, events, or personal emotions. For example: I feel sad「私は悲しい」(わたしはかなしい). That movie was sad「その映画は悲しかった」(そのえいがはかなしかった). It can also be used to describe something that evokes sadness, such as a sad story「悲しい話」(かなしいはなし). The nuance of '悲しい' often implies a deeper, more emotional sadness compared to other words like '寂しい (さびしい)', which can mean 'lonely' or 'lonesome'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

415

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

折角: effort. The Japanese adverb '折角 (せっかく)' conveys the idea of something being done with considerable effort, trouble, or difficulty, and often implies that it would be a waste or a shame not to make use of or appreciate the result of that effort. It is commonly used to express the value of taking advantage of an opportunity or to indicate that something was done with a lot of effort, so it should not be wasted. For example: I went to the trouble of making this cake, so please eat it「せっかく作ったケーキだから、食べてください」(せっかくつくったケーキだから、たべてください). Since you've come all this way, you should stay a while「せっかく来たんだから、しばらくいてください」(せっかくきたんだから、しばらくいてください). The nuance of '折角' often carries a sense of regret or disappointment if the effort or opportunity is not utilized.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 売Sell

Example Word

継続: continuation. The Japanese verbal noun '継続 (けいぞく)' means 'continuation' or 'continuity'. It refers to the act of continuing something without interruption, maintaining a state or activity over time. This word is often used in formal or professional contexts, such as business, education, or personal goals. For example: The continuation of this project is essential「このプロジェクトの継続は重要です」(このぷろじぇくとのけいぞくはじゅうようです). We need to maintain the continuity of our efforts「私たちの努力の継続が必要です」(わたしたちのどりょくのけいぞくがひつようです). It can also be used in compound words like '継続性 (けいぞくせい)' (continuity) or '継続的 (けいぞくてき)' (continuous).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

417

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide, Cut off

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty 米Rice

Example Word

決断: decision. The Japanese noun '決断 (けつだん)' means 'decision'. It refers to the act of making a firm and resolute choice, often after careful consideration. This word is commonly used in contexts where a significant or impactful choice is made. For example: He made a quick decision「彼は早い決断をした」(かれははやいけつだんをした). Making a decision is important「決断を下すことは重要だ」(けつだんをくだすことはじゅうようだ). The word carries a nuance of determination and finality, often implying that the decision is not easily reversible.

Radical

斤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

418

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Parts

⻖ 艮Stopping

Example Word

無限: infinite. The Japanese adjectival noun '無限 (むげん)' means 'infinite'. It is used to describe something that has no limits, boundaries, or end. This word can be applied to abstract concepts like time, space, or possibilities, as well as physical entities. For example: the universe is infinite「宇宙は無限だ」(うちゅうはむげんだ). His patience seems infinite「彼の忍耐は無限のようだ」(かれのにんたいはむげんのようだ). The word can also be used in compound nouns, such as '無限ループ (むげんループ)' (infinite loop) or '無限大 (むげんだい)' (infinity).

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

419

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Go across, Go beyond

Reading

Parts

走Run 戉

Example Word

乗り越える: overcome. The Japanese verb '乗り越える (のりこえる)' means 'to overcome' or 'to surmount'. It is often used to describe overcoming challenges, obstacles, or difficulties, whether physical, emotional, or metaphorical. This verb conveys a sense of perseverance and triumph. For example: He overcame his fears「彼は恐怖を乗り越えた」(かれはきょうふをのりこえた). We must overcome this problem「この問題を乗り越えなければならない」(このもんだいをのりこえなければならない). The verb can also be used in a more literal sense, such as crossing over a physical barrier, though this usage is less common.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

420

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Spirit, Refine

Reading

Parts

米Rice 青Blue

Example Word

精々: at most. The Japanese adverb '精々 (せいぜい)' means 'at most' or 'at best'. It is used to indicate the maximum limit or extent of something, often implying that the result or outcome is not particularly impressive or satisfactory. For example: I can only do this much at most「精々これくらいしかできない」(せいぜいこれくらいしかできない). At best, we can expect ten people to attend「精々10人くらいは来るだろう」(せいぜいじゅうにんくらいはくるだろう). This adverb is commonly used in situations where there is a limitation or constraint, and it often carries a tone of resignation or modest expectation.

Radical

米

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

421

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Measure, Plan

Reading

Parts

十Ten 言Say

Example Word

会計: bill or accounting. The Japanese noun '会計 (かいけい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'accounting', which refers to the systematic recording, reporting, and analysis of financial transactions. For example: I work in accounting「私は会計の仕事をしています」(わたしはかいけいのしごとをしています). The second meaning is 'bill', referring to the amount of money owed for goods or services, especially in a restaurant or store. For example: Can I have the bill, please?「会計をお願いします」(かいけいをおねがいします). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

422

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Make, Build

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 告Announce

Example Word

木造: wooden. The Japanese noun '木造 (もくぞう)' refers to something being made of wood, typically used to describe buildings or structures. It emphasizes the material (wood) used in construction. For example: a wooden house「木造の家」(もくぞうのいえ). This temple is wooden「この寺は木造です」(このてらはもくぞうです). The term is often used in architectural or historical contexts to highlight traditional Japanese construction methods.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

423

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ask, Trust

Reading

Parts

束Bundle, Bind 頁Page

Example Word

頼り: reliance. The Japanese noun '頼り (たより)' means 'reliance' or 'dependence'. It refers to the act of relying on someone or something for support, help, or guidance. This word is often used in contexts where trust or dependence is implied, such as in relationships or when seeking assistance. For example: I have no one to rely on「頼りにする人がいない」(たよりにするひとがいない). He is my only reliance「彼が私の唯一の頼りだ」(かれがわたしのゆいいつのたよりだ). The word can also be used to describe something that serves as a source of support or information, such as a guide or reference.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

424

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

What

Reading

Parts

⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

旦那: husband. The Japanese noun '旦那 (だんな)' primarily means 'husband'. It is a somewhat formal or traditional term used to refer to one's husband, often implying respect or a certain level of formality. It can also be used to address or refer to a master or boss, particularly in historical or service contexts. For example: my husband is kind「私の旦那は優しい」(わたしのだんなはやさしい). The master of the house is strict「旦那様は厳しい」(だんなさまはきびしい). Note that in modern usage, '旦那' is less common in casual speech, with '夫 (おっと)' or '主人 (しゅじん)' being more frequently used to refer to a husband.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

425

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Side

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)則Rule

Example Word

内側: inside. The Japanese noun '内側 (うちがわ)' means 'inside'. It refers to the inner part or interior of something, often used to describe the side that is not visible from the outside. This word is commonly used in both physical and abstract contexts. For example: the inside of the box「箱の内側」(はこのうちがわ). She keeps her feelings inside「彼女は感情を内側に秘めている」(かのじょはかんじょうをうちがわにひめている). It can also be used to describe the inner side of a structure or object, such as the inside of a room or a container.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

426

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Valley

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 人Person ハKatakana ha

Example Word

谷: valley. The Japanese noun '谷 (たに)' means 'valley'. It refers to a low area of land between hills or mountains, often with a river or stream running through it. This word is commonly used in geographical contexts or to describe natural landscapes. For example: The valley is beautiful「谷は美しい」(たにはうつくしい). We hiked through the valley「私たちは谷をハイキングした」(わたしたちはたにをハイキングした). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a low point or dip in something, such as in '声の谷 (こえのたに)' (a dip in one's voice).

Radical

谷

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

427

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wide

Reading

Parts

厶Private 广Dotted cliff

Example Word

広める: spread. The Japanese verb '広める (ひろめる)' means 'to spread' or 'to disseminate'. It is used to describe the act of making something known, expanding its reach, or increasing its scope. This verb can be applied to ideas, information, influence, or even physical things like a scent or light. For example: I want to spread the news「ニュースを広めたい」(ニュースをひろめたい). She spread the word about the event「彼女はイベントについて広めた」(かのじょはイベントについてひろめた). Note that '広める' often implies an intentional effort to make something more widely known or available.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

428

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Back, Height

Reading

Parts

北North 肉Meat

Example Word

背負う: carry. The Japanese verb '背負う (せおう)' primarily means 'to carry on one's back'. It is often used to describe physically carrying something, such as a backpack or a child, on one's back. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe taking on responsibilities or burdens. For example: He carries a heavy burden「彼は重い責任を背負っている」(かれはおもいせきにんをせおっている). She carried her child on her back「彼女は子供を背負っていた」(かのじょはこどもをせおっていた). The verb can also imply a sense of enduring or bearing something significant, whether physical or emotional.

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

429

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Contain, Looks

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 谷Valley

Example Word

容疑: suspicion. The Japanese noun '容疑 (ようぎ)' refers to 'suspicion' or 'allegation' in the context of a crime or wrongdoing. It is commonly used in legal or investigative settings to describe the suspicion that someone has committed a crime. For example: He is under suspicion of theft「彼は窃盗の容疑をかけられている」(かれはせっとうのようぎをかけられている). The police are investigating the suspicion of fraud「警察は詐欺の容疑を調査している」(けいさつはさぎのようぎをちょうさしている). The word is often paired with verbs like 'かける' (to place) or '受ける' (to receive) to indicate the act of being suspected or suspecting someone.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

430

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Push, Press down

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)甲Armor, Shell

Example Word

押す: push. The Japanese verb '押す (おす)' primarily means 'to push'. It is used to describe the action of applying force to move something away from oneself or to press something. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as physically pushing an object, pressing a button, or even metaphorically pushing for an idea or decision. For example: Please push the door「ドアを押してください」(ドアをおしてください). He pushed the button「彼はボタンを押した」(かれはボタンをおした). In some contexts, it can also imply insistence or pressure, as in pushing someone to make a decision.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

431

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Play

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 斿Move freely

Example Word

遊ぶ: play. The Japanese verb '遊ぶ (あそぶ)' means 'to play'. It is commonly used to describe engaging in recreational activities, games, or spending leisure time. This verb can be used for children playing, adults enjoying hobbies, or even animals playing. For example: The children are playing in the park「子供たちは公園で遊んでいる」(こどもたちはこうえんであそんでいる). I like to play video games「私はゲームで遊ぶのが好きです」(わたしはゲームであそぶのがすきです). Note that '遊ぶ' can also imply spending time idly or not working, as in 'He is just playing around and not studying'「彼は遊んでいて勉強していない」(かれはあそんでいてべんきょうしていない).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

432

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Castle

Reading

Parts

土Soil 成Become

Example Word

城: castle. The Japanese noun '城 (しろ)' means 'castle'. It refers to a large fortified building or complex, typically associated with historical Japanese architecture and samurai culture. Castles in Japan often served as military strongholds and residences for feudal lords. Example sentences: The castle is beautiful「城は美しい」(しろはうつくしい). I visited Himeji Castle「姫路城を訪れた」(ひめじじょうをおとずれた). Note that '城' can also be part of compound words, such as 'お城 (おしろ)', which is a more casual or affectionate way to refer to a castle.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

433

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

North

Reading

Parts

匕Spoon 冫Ice (水)丨Stick

Example Word

北極: North Pole. The Japanese noun '北極 (ほっきょく)' refers to the 'North Pole', the northernmost point on Earth. It is often used in geographical contexts to describe the Arctic region, its climate, or related phenomena. For example: The North Pole is very cold「北極はとても寒い」(ほっきょくはとてもさむい). Polar bears live near the North Pole「北極の近くにホッキョクグマが住んでいる」(ほっきょくのちかくにほっきょくぐまがすんでいる). This word is also used in scientific or environmental discussions about the Arctic.

Radical

匕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

434

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Release

Reading

Parts

方Direction 攵Strike

Example Word

放送: broadcast. The Japanese verbal noun '放送 (ほうそう)' means 'broadcast'. It refers to the transmission of audio or video content to a wide audience via radio, television, or other media platforms. This word is commonly used in contexts related to media, entertainment, and communication. For example: The news will be broadcast at 7 PM「ニュースは7時に放送されます」(ニュースはしちじにほうそうされます). I watched a live broadcast of the concert「コンサートの生放送を見ました」(コンサートのなまほうそうをみました). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe the dissemination of information or ideas.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

435

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Do, Sake

Reading

Example Word

為: sake or benefit. The Japanese noun '為 (ため)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'benefit', referring to something that is advantageous or good for someone or something. For example: for the benefit of the children「子供の為に」(こどものために). The second meaning is 'sake', indicating the purpose or reason behind an action. For example: for the sake of peace「平和の為に」(へいわのために). This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the purpose or advantage of an action, and it can be paired with particles like 'に' to indicate direction or purpose. It's important to note that '為' can also be written in hiragana as 'ため', and the meaning remains the same.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

436

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give, Involvement

Reading

Example Word

与える: give. The Japanese verb '与える (あたえる)' means 'to give'. It is used to describe the act of providing something to someone, often in a formal or authoritative context. This verb can be used for tangible items, such as gifts or money, as well as intangible things like opportunities, rights, or responsibilities. For example: The teacher gave the students homework「先生は学生に宿題を与えた」(せんせいはがくせいにしゅくだいをあたえた). The government gave the citizens new rights「政府は市民に新しい権利を与えた」(せいふはしみんにあたらしいけんりをあたえた). Note that '与える' often implies a sense of authority or control over what is being given, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like 'あげる'.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

437

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Run

Reading

Parts

土Soil 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

走行: travel. The Japanese noun '走行 (そうこう)' refers to the act of traveling or moving, particularly by vehicle. It is commonly used in contexts related to driving, such as measuring the distance a vehicle has traveled or discussing the performance of a vehicle. For example: The car has traveled 10,000 kilometers「その車は10,000キロ走行した」(そのくるまは10,000キロそうこうした). The train's travel speed is high「その電車の走行速度は高い」(そのでんしゃのそうこうそくどはたかい). This term is often used in technical or formal contexts related to transportation.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

438

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Parts

青Blue 争Dispute

Example Word

静まる: calm. The Japanese verb '静まる (しずまる)' means 'to calm down' or 'to become quiet'. It is used to describe a situation, place, or person becoming calm or quiet after a period of noise, activity, or disturbance. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing the calming of a storm, the quieting of a crowd, or the settling of emotions. For example: The storm has calmed down「嵐が静まった」(あらしがしずまった). The room became quiet after the teacher entered「先生が入ってきて、部屋が静まった」(せんせいがはいってきて、へやがしずまった). It is important to note that '静まる' often implies a natural or gradual process of becoming calm or quiet.

Radical

青

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

439

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lodging

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 亻Person (人)百Hundred

Example Word

宿題: homework. The Japanese noun '宿題 (しゅくだい)' means 'homework'. It refers to tasks or assignments given to students to complete outside of class. This word is commonly used in educational contexts and is often associated with schoolwork. For example: I have a lot of homework「宿題がたくさんある」(しゅくだいがたくさんある). Did you finish your homework?「宿題は終わった？」(しゅくだいはおわった？). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any pending task or responsibility, though this usage is less common.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

440

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 心Heart

Example Word

度忘れ: forget. The Japanese verbal noun '度忘れ (どわすれ)' refers to the act of temporarily forgetting something, often something that one usually knows well. It implies a momentary lapse in memory rather than a permanent forgetfulness. This term is commonly used in everyday conversation to describe situations where someone can't recall a word, name, or fact they are familiar with. For example: I forgot the word for a moment「その言葉を度忘れした」(そのことばをどわすれした). He forgot his friend's name「彼は友達の名前を度忘れした」(かれはともだちのなまえをどわすれした). The nuance here is that the memory is expected to return soon, as it is a temporary forgetfulness.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

441

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chirp

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 鳥Bird

Example Word

悲鳴: scream. The Japanese noun '悲鳴 (ひめい)' refers to a scream or shriek, often one that is high-pitched and expresses fear, pain, or surprise. It is commonly used to describe the sound someone makes when they are startled, terrified, or in distress. For example: she let out a scream「彼女は悲鳴を上げた」(かのじょはひめいをあげた). The sound of a scream echoed through the forest「悲鳴が森に響いた」(ひめいがもりにひびいた). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe a situation or event that causes extreme distress or panic, such as 'the stock market's scream (悲鳴) due to the crash'.

Radical

鳥

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

442

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Storehouse

Reading

Parts

茂Grow thickly, Luxuriant 臣Servant, Retainer

Example Word

大蔵省: finance ministry. The Japanese noun '大蔵省 (おおくらしょう)' refers to the 'Ministry of Finance', which was a key government body in Japan responsible for financial and monetary policy, as well as managing the national budget. It was replaced by the Ministry of Finance and the Financial Services Agency in 2001. This term is often used in historical or formal contexts. Example sentences: The Ministry of Finance announced a new policy「大蔵省は新しい政策を発表した」(おおくらしょうはあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). He works at the Ministry of Finance「彼は大蔵省で働いている」(かれはおおくらしょうではたらいている).

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

443

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Descend, Fall

Reading

Parts

⻖ 夅

Example Word

以降: after. The Japanese noun '以降 (いこう)' means 'after' or 'from a certain point onward'. It is used to indicate a time or event that marks the beginning of a period, and everything that follows it. This word is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: after 5 PM「5時以降」(ごじいこう). From tomorrow onward「明日以降」(あしたいこう). It can also be used to refer to events or situations that occur after a specific point in time, such as 'after the war'「戦争以降」(せんそういこう). Note that '以降' is typically used for time-related contexts and is more formal than other similar words like '後 (あと)'.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

444

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exquisite, Marvelous

Reading

Parts

女Woman 少Few

Example Word

妙: strange. The Japanese noun '妙 (みょう)' primarily means 'strange' or 'mysterious'. It is often used to describe something that is unusual, peculiar, or beyond ordinary understanding. This word can carry a nuance of something being intriguingly odd or inexplicably fascinating. For example: That's strange「それは妙だ」(それはみょうだ). He has a mysterious power「彼は妙な力を持っている」(かれはみょうなちからをもっている). Additionally, '妙' can sometimes imply a sense of subtlety or finesse, particularly in contexts related to art or skill, though this usage is less common. For example: Her dance has a subtle charm「彼女のダンスは妙な魅力がある」(かのじょのダンスはみょうなみりょくがある).

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

445

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 兆Omen, Trillion

Example Word

逃げる: escape. The Japanese verb '逃げる (にげる)' means 'to escape' or 'to run away'. It is used to describe the action of fleeing from a place, situation, or person, often to avoid danger, responsibility, or confrontation. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: he escaped from the prison「彼は刑務所から逃げた」(かれはけいむしょからにげた). She ran away from her problems「彼女は問題から逃げた」(かのじょはもんだいからにげた). Note that '逃げる' can also imply a sense of cowardice or avoidance, depending on the context.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

446

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Travel

Reading

Parts

方Direction 𠂉Person (人)𧘇Garment (衣)

Example Word

旅客機: airliner. The Japanese noun '旅客機 (りょかくき)' refers to a commercial passenger aircraft, commonly known as an 'airliner'. This term is used specifically for large airplanes designed to transport passengers on scheduled flights. It is a compound word combining '旅客 (りょかく)' meaning 'passenger' and '機 (き)' meaning 'machine' or 'aircraft'. Example sentences: The airliner departed from Narita Airport「旅客機は成田空港から出発しました」(りょかくきはなりたくうこうからしゅっぱつしました). This airliner can carry over 300 passengers「この旅客機は300人以上の乗客を運べます」(このりょかくきはさんびゃくにんいじょうのじょうきゃくをはこべます).

Radical

方

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

447

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Evening, Nightfall

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 免Excuse, Exempt

Example Word

毎晩: every night. The Japanese noun '毎晩 (まいばん)' means 'every night'. It is used to indicate that something happens or is done each night without exception. This word is often used in daily conversations to describe routines or habitual actions. For example: I read a book every night「毎晩本を読みます」(まいばんほんをよみます). She calls me every night「彼女は毎晩電話をくれます」(かのじょはまいばんでんわをくれます). The word '毎晩' is a combination of '毎' (every) and '晩' (night), and it is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

448

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Blood

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 皿Plate

Example Word

出血: bleeding. The Japanese verbal noun '出血 (しゅっけつ)' means 'bleeding'. It refers to the act or process of losing blood, typically from an injury or wound. This term is commonly used in medical contexts but can also be used metaphorically to describe significant financial loss or sacrifice. For example: The patient is bleeding「患者が出血している」(かんじゃがしゅっけつしている). The company is bleeding money「会社が出血している」(かいしゃがしゅっけつしている). It's important to note that '出血' can be used both literally and figuratively, depending on the context.

Radical

血

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

449

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Servant, Dude

Reading

Parts

女Woman 又Again

Example Word

奴隷: slave. The Japanese noun '奴隷 (どれい)' refers to a 'slave', someone who is owned by another person and forced to work without personal freedom. Historically, it was used to describe individuals in servitude, often in contexts of forced labor or subjugation. In modern usage, it can also metaphorically describe someone who is excessively controlled or dominated by another, such as in a relationship or by societal pressures. Example sentences: He was treated like a slave「彼は奴隷のように扱われた」(かれはどれいのようにあつかわれた). Many people were enslaved during that era「その時代には多くの人々が奴隷にされた」(そのじだいにはおおくのひとびとがどれいにされた).

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

450

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wisteria

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 滕

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

451

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dance

Reading

Example Word

振る舞う: treat or behave. The Japanese verb '振る舞う (ふるまう)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to behave' or 'to conduct oneself', often referring to how a person acts in a particular situation. For example: He behaved like a child「彼は子供のように振る舞った」(かれはこどものようにふるまった). The second meaning is 'to treat' or 'to entertain', often used when someone provides food, drinks, or hospitality to others. For example: She treated us to dinner「彼女は私たちに夕食を振る舞った」(かのじょはわたしたちにゆうしょくをふるまった). The verb can also imply a sense of generosity or acting in a way that is fitting for a situation. It is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts.

Radical

舛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

452

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rare, Different

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 井Well

Example Word

異: different. The Japanese prefix '異 (い)' means 'different' or 'unusual'. It is commonly used to form compound words that indicate something is different, unusual, or distinct from the norm. For example: different culture「異文化」(いぶんか). unusual phenomenon「異現象」(いげんしょう). This prefix is often used in formal or academic contexts to denote something that stands out or deviates from the standard. It can also imply a sense of otherness or foreignness, as in '異国 (いこく) (foreign country)'.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

453

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Weep, Cry

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)立Stand

Example Word

泣き顔: tearful face. The Japanese noun '泣き顔 (なきがお)' refers to a 'tearful face' or the expression someone has when they are crying or about to cry. It is often used to describe someone's appearance when they are emotionally distressed. For example: She showed a tearful face「彼女は泣き顔を見せた」(かのじょはなきがおをみせた). His tearful face made me feel sad「彼の泣き顔を見て悲しくなった」(かれのなきがおをみてかなしくなった). This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to convey emotional vulnerability.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

454

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Weird, Suspicious

Reading

Parts

忄 圣Holy

Example Word

怪しむ: suspect. The Japanese verb '怪しむ (あやしむ)' means 'to suspect' or 'to doubt'. It is used when someone has a feeling of distrust or suspicion towards something or someone. This verb often implies a sense of unease or skepticism. For example: I suspect his intentions「彼の意図を怪しむ」(かれのいとをあやしむ). She doubted the truth of his story「彼女は彼の話の真実を怪しんだ」(かのじょはかれのはなしのしんじつをあやしんだ). The verb can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as suspecting something is wrong or out of place.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

455

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Send

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 关Close

Example Word

運送: transport. The Japanese verbal noun '運送 (うんそう)' refers to the act of transporting goods or items from one place to another. It is commonly used in contexts related to logistics, shipping, and delivery services. For example: The company handles the transport of goods「その会社は運送を扱っています」(そのかいしゃはうんそうをあつかっています). The transport fee is included in the price「運送料は価格に含まれています」(うんそうりょうはかかくにふくまれています). This term is often used in business and commercial settings to describe the movement of products or materials.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

456

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

History

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

歴史: history. The Japanese noun '歴史 (れきし)' means 'history'. It refers to the study or record of past events, particularly those involving human affairs. This word is commonly used in academic, cultural, and everyday contexts to discuss historical events, periods, or the development of societies. For example: I study Japanese history「私は日本の歴史を勉強します」(わたしはにほんのれきしをべんきょうします). This town has a long history「この町は長い歴史があります」(このまちはながいれきしがあります). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe the background or development of something, such as a person's life or an organization.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

457

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Float

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)孚

Example Word

浮気: affair. The Japanese noun '浮気 (うわき)' refers to an extramarital affair or infidelity. It is used to describe a situation where someone is romantically or sexually involved with someone other than their partner. This term carries a negative connotation and is often associated with betrayal. For example: He had an affair「彼は浮気をした」(かれはうわきをした). She found out about her husband's affair「彼女は夫の浮気を知った」(かのじょはおとうとのうわきをしった). The word can also be used more broadly to describe a fleeting interest or flirtation, but this usage is less common and typically context-dependent.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

458

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Long time

Reading

Example Word

久しい: long. The Japanese adjective '久しい (ひさしい)' means 'long' in the sense of a considerable amount of time having passed. It is often used to describe a period that feels lengthy or to express that something has not happened for a long time. For example: It has been a long time since we last met「私たちが最後に会ってから久しい」(わたしたちがさいごにあったからひさしい). It's been a long time since it rained「雨が降ってから久しい」(あめがふってからひさしい). This adjective conveys a sense of nostalgia or the passage of time and is typically used in written or formal contexts.

Radical

丿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

459

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Obey, Clothing

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 𠬝Clothing (服)

Example Word

服: clothes. The Japanese noun '服 (ふく)' means 'clothes'. It refers to garments or clothing items worn on the body. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations when discussing attire, fashion, or dressing up. For example: I bought new clothes「新しい服を買いました」(あたらしいふくをかいました). She is wearing beautiful clothes「彼女はきれいな服を着ています」(かのじょはきれいなふくをきています). The word can also be used in compound words like '制服 (せいふく)' (uniform) or '洋服 (ようふく)' (Western-style clothing).

Radical

月

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

460

Radical Form

𠬝

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Status

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 各Each

Example Word

格差: gap. The Japanese noun '格差 (かくさ)' refers to a 'gap' or 'disparity', often used in the context of social, economic, or educational differences. It highlights the inequality or difference in status, income, or opportunities between groups or individuals. For example: the income gap is widening「所得格差が広がっている」(しょとくかくさがひろがっている). There is a significant gap in educational opportunities「教育機会の格差が大きい」(きょういくきかいのかくさがおおきい). This term is frequently used in discussions about social issues, policy-making, and economic analysis.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

461

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Heat, Temperature

Reading

Parts

埶 灬Fire (火)

Example Word

熱い: hot. The Japanese adjective '熱い (あつい)' primarily means 'hot' in the sense of temperature. It is used to describe objects, liquids, or environments that have a high temperature. For example: The tea is hot「お茶が熱い」(おちゃがあつい). The stove is hot「ストーブが熱い」(ストーブがあつい). Additionally, '熱い' can also describe intense emotions or passion, such as in '熱い心 (あついこころ)' meaning 'a passionate heart'. However, this emotional usage is less common and typically context-dependent. When referring to weather, '暑い (あつい)' is used instead, which is a different word despite the identical pronunciation.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

462

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sell

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 穴Hole

Example Word

売れる: sell. The Japanese verb '売れる (うれる)' means 'to sell' or 'to be sold'. It is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object and focuses on the item being sold rather than the act of selling. This verb is often used to describe items that are popular or in demand. For example: This product sells well「この商品はよく売れる」(このしょうひんはよくうれる). The new smartphone sold out quickly「新しいスマートフォンはすぐに売れた」(あたらしいスマートフォンはすぐにうれた). Note that '売れる' is different from '売る (うる)', which is a transitive verb meaning 'to sell' and requires a direct object.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

463

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)以By means of

Example Word

似ている: resemble. The Japanese verb '似ている (にている)' means 'to resemble' or 'to be similar'. It is used to describe a likeness or similarity between two things, people, or situations. This verb is often used in comparisons, such as when saying someone looks like another person or when two objects share similar characteristics. For example: she resembles her mother「彼女は母親に似ている」(かのじょはははおやににている). These two paintings are similar「この二つの絵は似ている」(このふたつのえはにている). The verb is typically used in its te-form (似ている) to indicate a state of resemblance or similarity.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

464

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ear

Reading

Parts

一One 三Three 丨Stick

Example Word

耳鼻科: otolaryngology. The Japanese noun '耳鼻科 (じびか)' refers to the medical field of otolaryngology, which deals with conditions related to the ear, nose, and throat. This term is commonly used in medical contexts and is often seen on signs or in hospital departments. For example: I went to the otolaryngology department「耳鼻科に行きました」(じびかにいきました). The otolaryngology clinic is on the third floor「耳鼻科の診察室は3階です」(じびかのしんさつしつはさんかいです). This word is a combination of three kanji: 耳 (ear), 鼻 (nose), and 科 (department or field).

Radical

耳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

465

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follow, Obey

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 䒑Herbs 龰Stop (止)

Example Word

従来: tradition. The Japanese noun '従来 (じゅうらい)' refers to something that has been established or customary over time, often implying a sense of tradition or continuity. It is used to describe practices, methods, or ideas that have been in place for a long period. For example: We follow the traditional method「従来の方法に従います」(じゅうらいのほうほうにしたがいます). This approach is based on traditional practices「このアプローチは従来の慣習に基づいています」(このアプローチはじゅうらいのかんしゅうにもとづいています). The term can also imply a contrast with new or modern approaches, highlighting the difference between old and new ways of doing things.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

466

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Matter, Affair

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)牛Cow

Example Word

要件: requirement. The Japanese noun '要件 (ようけん)' primarily means 'requirement'. It is used to refer to necessary conditions, specifications, or criteria that must be met for a particular purpose. This term is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, legal matters, or software development. For example: the requirements for the job「仕事の要件」(しごとのようけん). The system meets all the requirements「システムはすべての要件を満たしています」(システムはすべてのようけんをみたしています). In some cases, it can also imply essential matters or key points, but this usage is less common and context-dependent.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

467

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

City, Market

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 巾Towel

Example Word

都市: city. The Japanese noun '都市 (とし)' refers to a 'city', typically a large and densely populated urban area. It is used to describe major urban centers, often in contrast to rural areas or smaller towns. The term carries a sense of modernity, infrastructure, and economic activity. Example sentences: Tokyo is a big city「東京は大きな都市です」(とうきょうはおおきなとしです). Many people move to cities for work「多くの人が仕事のために都市に引っ越します」(おおくのひとがしごとのためにとしにひっこします).

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

468

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Person in charge, Connection

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)系Lineage

Example Word

係る: concern. The Japanese verb '係る (かかる)' means 'to concern' or 'to relate to'. It is used to indicate that something is connected to or involves a particular matter or subject. This verb is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: This issue concerns everyone「この問題は皆に係る」(このもんだいはみなにかかる). The decision relates to the company's future「その決定は会社の将来に係る」(そのけっていはかいしゃのしょうらいにかかる). Note that '係る' is typically used in written or formal speech, and in casual conversation, other verbs like '関係する (かんけいする)' might be more common.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

469

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 父Father

Example Word

交代: alternation or relief. The Japanese noun '交代 (こうたい)' refers to the act of taking turns or replacing someone or something. It can mean 'relief' in the sense of one person taking over a duty from another, or 'alternation' in the sense of a regular change between different states or people. For example: The team made a player substitution「チームは選手交代をした」(チームはせんしゅこうたいをした). There is a shift change at the factory every eight hours「工場では8時間ごとに交代がある」(こうじょうでは8じかんごとにこうたいがある). This term is commonly used in sports, work environments, and any situation involving rotation or replacement.

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

470

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Work

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)動Move

Example Word

労働者: worker. The Japanese noun '労働者 (ろうどうしゃ)' refers to a 'worker' or 'laborer'. It is a general term used to describe someone who performs physical or mental work, often in exchange for wages. This word is commonly used in contexts related to employment, labor rights, and workplace discussions. For example: The workers are on strike「労働者がストライキをしている」(ろうどうしゃがストライキをしている). Many workers commute by train「多くの労働者が電車で通勤する」(おおくのろうどうしゃがでんしゃでつうきんする). The term can apply to various types of workers, including factory workers, office workers, or manual laborers, and is neutral in tone.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

471

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Buy

Reading

Parts

貝Shellfish 罒Net

Example Word

買い物: shopping. The Japanese verbal noun '買い物 (かいもの)' means 'shopping'. It refers to the act of purchasing goods or items, typically at stores or markets. This word is commonly used in everyday conversations and can be applied to various shopping contexts, such as grocery shopping, clothes shopping, or online shopping. For example: I went shopping「買い物に行きました」(かいものにいきました). Shopping is fun「買い物は楽しい」(かいものはたのしい). It's important to note that '買い物' is often used with verbs like 'する' (to do) or '行く' (to go) to form phrases like '買い物をする' (to do shopping) or '買い物に行く' (to go shopping).

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

472

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Section, Department

Reading

Parts

斗Ladle, Dipper 禾Cereal

Example Word

科学: science. The Japanese noun '科学 (かがく)' means 'science'. It refers to the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts to discuss scientific fields, research, or principles. For example: Science is important「科学は大切です」(かがくはたいせつです). He studies science「彼は科学を勉強しています」(かれはかがくをべんきょうしています). The word can also appear in compound terms like '科学者 (かがくしゃ)' (scientist) or '科学技術 (かがくぎじゅつ)' (science and technology).

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

473

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Palace, Formal honorific title

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 共Together 殳Pike

Example Word

殿: lord. The Japanese suffix '殿 (との)' is a formal and respectful title used to address or refer to someone of high status, such as a lord, master, or superior. It is often used in historical contexts or in formal writing, such as letters or official documents. For example: addressing a lord「殿、お願いがあります」(との、おねがいがあります). In modern usage, it is less common but can still be found in certain formal or ceremonial contexts. It is important to note that this suffix conveys a high level of respect and should be used appropriately.

Radical

殳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

474

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Discuss

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)炎Flame, Blaze

Example Word

相談: discussion or consultation. The Japanese verbal noun '相談 (そうだん)' refers to the act of seeking advice, discussing a matter, or consulting with someone. It is commonly used when someone wants to share their concerns or problems and seek guidance or opinions from others. For example: I consulted with my teacher about my future「先生に将来の相談をした」(せんせいにしょうらいのそうだんをした). Let's discuss this matter「この件について相談しましょう」(このけんについてそうだんしましょう). The word can also imply a collaborative effort to resolve an issue or make a decision, often involving mutual understanding and support.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

475

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ocean, Western style

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)羊Sheep

Example Word

洋画: foreign film. The Japanese noun '洋画 (ようが)' refers to 'foreign films', particularly those from Western countries. It is commonly used to distinguish non-Japanese films from domestic Japanese films (邦画, ほうが). This term is often used in discussions about cinema, movie genres, or cultural comparisons. Example sentences: I enjoy watching foreign films「洋画を見るのが好きです」(ようがをみるのがすきです). This theater specializes in foreign films「この映画館は洋画専門です」(このえいがかんはようがせんもんです). Note that '洋画' specifically emphasizes the Western origin of the films, as '洋' refers to the West or Western culture.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

476

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Many, Various

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)者Someone

Example Word

諸: various. The Japanese prefix '諸 (しょ)' is used to indicate 'various' or 'many' when attached to nouns. It often implies a collective or plural sense, referring to multiple items or aspects of the noun it modifies. For example: various countries「諸国」(しょこく). It is commonly used in formal or written contexts. Another example: various opinions「諸意見」(しょいけん). Note that this prefix is not used in casual conversation and is typically found in compound words or formal expressions.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

477

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Window

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 厶Private 心Heart

Example Word

窓: window. The Japanese noun '窓 (まど)' means 'window'. This word refers to an opening in a wall or door that allows light and air to enter and provides a view of the outside. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to windows in buildings, vehicles, or other structures. For example: Please close the window「窓を閉めてください」(まどをしめてください). The window is open「窓が開いている」(まどがあいている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a 'window of opportunity' or a 'window into someone's thoughts'.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

478

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Music, Bend

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 丨Stick

Example Word

曲線: curve. The Japanese noun '曲線 (きょくせん)' means 'curve'. It refers to a line that is not straight but bends smoothly, often used in contexts like mathematics, art, or describing shapes. For example: The road has many curves「この道は曲線が多い」(このみちはきょくせんがおおい). The artist drew a beautiful curve「その芸術家は美しい曲線を描いた」(そのげいじゅつかはうつくしいきょくせんをえがいた). This word is commonly used in technical, artistic, or everyday descriptions of shapes and paths.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

479

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Arrive, Climax

Reading

Parts

一One 厶Private 土Soil

Example Word

至る: reach. The Japanese verb '至る (いたる)' means 'to reach' or 'to arrive at'. It is often used to describe reaching a destination, conclusion, or state. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The train reached the station「電車が駅に至った」(でんしゃがえきにいたった). After much discussion, we reached a conclusion「多くの議論の末、結論に至った」(おおくのぎろんのすえ、けつろんにいたった). Note that '至る' can also imply a process leading up to the final point, emphasizing the journey or progression.

Radical

至

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

480

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Clear, Pure

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)青Blue

Example Word

清潔: clean or hygienic. The Japanese adjectival noun '清潔 (せいけつ)' primarily means 'clean' or 'hygienic'. It is used to describe something that is free from dirt, germs, or impurities, and can refer to both physical cleanliness and moral purity. For example: This hospital is very clean「この病院はとても清潔です」(このびょういんはとてもせいけつです). She always keeps her room clean「彼女はいつも部屋を清潔にしている」(かのじょはいつもへやをせいけつにしている). The word can also imply a sense of neatness or orderliness, and is often used in contexts related to health, hygiene, and personal care.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

481

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give birth

Reading

Parts

生Life 产

Example Word

動産: movables. The Japanese noun '動産 (どうさん)' refers to 'movables' or 'personal property' in legal and financial contexts. This term is used to describe tangible assets that can be moved, such as furniture, vehicles, or equipment, as opposed to '不動産 (ふどうさん)' which refers to immovable property like land or buildings. For example: The company owns various movables「その会社は様々な動産を所有している」(そのかいしゃはさまざまなどうさんをしょゆうしている). Movables are often included in asset evaluations「動産は資産評価に含まれることが多い」(どうさんはしさんひょうかにふくまれることがおおい). This term is commonly used in legal documents, contracts, and financial discussions.

Radical

生

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

482

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Abdomen

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 复

Example Word

腹: stomach or abdomen. The Japanese noun '腹 (はら)' primarily refers to the 'stomach' or 'abdomen', the part of the body containing the digestive organs. It can also be used metaphorically to describe one's feelings or emotions, such as anger or determination, as in '腹が立つ (はらがたつ)', which means 'to get angry'. Example sentences: My stomach hurts「腹が痛い」(はらがいたい). He has a strong will「彼は腹が据わっている」(かれははらがすわっている).

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

483

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Elephant, Phenomenon

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 豕Pig

Example Word

抽象的: abstract. The Japanese adjective '抽象的 (ちゅうしょうてき)' means 'abstract'. It is used to describe concepts, ideas, or art that are not concrete or tangible, often requiring interpretation or imagination. For example: His explanation was too abstract「彼の説明は抽象的すぎた」(かれのせつめいはちゅうしょうてきすぎた). Modern art is often abstract「現代美術は抽象的であることが多い」(げんだいびじゅつはちゅうしょうてきであることがおおい). This word is commonly used in discussions about philosophy, art, or complex ideas.

Radical

豕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

484

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Participate

Reading

Parts

厶Private 彡Fur 大Big

Example Word

参加: participation. The Japanese verbal noun '参加 (さんか)' means 'participation'. It refers to the act of joining or taking part in an event, activity, or group. It is commonly used in formal and informal contexts to describe involvement in meetings, events, or organizations. For example: I will participate in the meeting「会議に参加します」(かいぎにさんかします). She enjoys participating in volunteer activities「彼女はボランティア活動に参加するのが好きです」(かのじょはボランティアかつどうにさんかするのがすきです). Note that '参加' is often paired with verbs like 'する' (to do) or 'する予定です' (plan to do) to indicate participation.

Radical

厶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

485

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Leader, Commander

Reading

Parts

丬 寽

Example Word

将軍: shogun. The Japanese noun '将軍 (しょうぐん)' refers to the historical title of the military dictator of Japan, known as the 'shogun'. This title was used from the 12th to the 19th century, and the shogun was the de facto ruler of Japan, while the emperor was the symbolic head of state. The shogunate system was known as the 'bakufu'. Example sentences: The shogun ruled Japan for centuries「将軍は何世紀も日本を支配した」(しょうぐんはなんせいきもにほんをしはいした). The shogun's power was absolute「将軍の力は絶対的だった」(しょうぐんのちからはぜったいてきだった).

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

486

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Evening

Reading

Parts

勹Wrap 丶Dot

Example Word

夕刊: evening newspaper. The Japanese noun '夕刊 (ゆうかん)' means 'evening newspaper.' This word refers to a newspaper that is published and distributed in the evening, typically containing the latest news and updates of the day. It is often contrasted with '朝刊 (ちょうかん)', which is the morning edition. Example sentences include: I read the evening newspaper every day 「私は毎日夕刊を読みます」 (わたしはまいにちゆうかんをよみます). The evening newspaper has more local news 「夕刊には地元のニュースが多い」 (ゆうかんにはじもとのニュースがおおい). Note that '夕刊' is specifically used to refer to newspapers and not other types of evening publications.

Radical

夕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

487

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Certain

Reading

Parts

石Stone 隹Bird

Example Word

確実: certain. The Japanese adjective '確実 (かくじつ)' means 'certain' or 'reliable'. It is used to describe something that is definite, assured, or guaranteed to happen or be true. This word often conveys a sense of confidence or trustworthiness. For example: This method is certain to work「この方法は確実にうまくいく」(このほうほうはかくじつにうまくいく). He is a reliable person「彼は確実な人だ」(かれはかくじつなひとだ). The word can also be used in contexts where something is guaranteed, such as '確実な結果 (かくじつなけっか) (certain result)'.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

488

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Association, Group

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 且Moreover, Also

Example Word

組み合わせ: combination. The Japanese noun '組み合わせ (くみあわせ)' means 'combination'. It refers to the act or result of combining different elements, items, or ideas into a unified whole. This word is commonly used in contexts such as food pairings, fashion, or even abstract concepts like strategies or plans. For example: a good combination of colors「色の良い組み合わせ」(いろのよいくみあわせ). The combination of these ingredients is perfect「これらの材料の組み合わせは完璧です」(これらのざいりょうのくみあわせはかんぺきです). Note that this word can also imply a deliberate or thoughtful arrangement of elements.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

489

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Government, Bureaucrat

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 㠯Terraced hill

Example Word

官庁: government. The Japanese noun '官庁 (かんちょう)' refers to a government office or agency. It is used to describe the administrative bodies or institutions that are part of the government. This term is often used in formal contexts when discussing governmental operations or structures. For example: The government office is located in Tokyo「官庁は東京にあります」(かんちょうはとうきょうにあります). He works at a government agency「彼は官庁で働いています」(かれはかんちょうではたらいています). The term can also be used more broadly to refer to the collective administrative bodies of the government.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

490

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bird

Reading

Parts

白White 一One 灬Fire (火)勹Wrap

Example Word

焼き鳥: grilled chicken. The Japanese noun '焼き鳥 (やきとり)' refers to 'grilled chicken skewers', a popular dish in Japan. It typically consists of bite-sized pieces of chicken grilled on skewers, often seasoned with salt or a tare sauce (a sweet soy-based glaze). This dish is commonly enjoyed at izakayas (Japanese pubs) or street food stalls. Example sentences: I ate grilled chicken skewers at the festival「祭りで焼き鳥を食べた」(まつりでやきとりをたべた). Let's go eat grilled chicken skewers tonight「今夜は焼き鳥を食べに行こう」(こんやはやきとりをたべにいこう). Note that while '焼き鳥' primarily refers to chicken, some variations may include other meats or vegetables.

Radical

鳥

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

491

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rejoice

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 壴

Example Word

喜劇: comedy. The Japanese noun '喜劇 (きげき)' means 'comedy'. It refers to a genre of entertainment, such as plays, movies, or performances, that is intended to make people laugh. It is often used in contrast to '悲劇 (ひげき)' (tragedy). For example: I enjoy watching comedies「私は喜劇を見るのが好きです」(わたしはきげきをみるのがすきです). This play is a comedy「この劇は喜劇です」(このげきはきげきです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe situations that are amusing or absurd.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

492

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

South

Reading

Parts

十Ten 冂Enclosure 羊Sheep

Example Word

南北: north south. The Japanese noun '南北 (なんぼく)' refers to the concept of 'north and south' or the direction spanning from north to south. It is often used to describe geographical orientation, such as the layout of a country, region, or even a room. For example: Japan stretches from north to south「日本は南北に長い」(にほんはなんぼくにながい). The road runs north-south「その道は南北に走っている」(そのみちはなんぼくにはしっている). This term can also be used metaphorically to describe opposing or contrasting directions, such as in politics or opinions.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

493

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Grove

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

林: woods. The Japanese noun '林 (はやし)' refers to a small or medium-sized wooded area, often smaller than a forest. It is used to describe a grove or a cluster of trees. For example: there is a woods near my house「私の家の近くに林があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにはやしがあります). We took a walk in the woods「私たちは林の中を散歩しました」(わたしたちははやしのなかをさんぽしました). The word is distinct from '森 (もり)', which refers to a larger forest.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

494

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Relation, Edge

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 豕Pig

Example Word

縁: edge or fate. The Japanese noun '縁 (えん)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'fate' or 'destiny', referring to a connection or bond between people, often implying a predestined relationship. For example: We met by fate「私たちは縁で出会った」(わたしたちはえんでであった). The second meaning is 'edge' or 'rim', referring to the boundary or outer part of something. For example: The edge of the table is chipped「テーブルの縁が欠けている」(テーブルのえんがかけている). The context in which '縁' is used will determine whether it refers to fate or an edge, so pay attention to the surrounding words.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

495

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Palace

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 呂Bath

Example Word

宮廷: court. The Japanese noun '宮廷 (きゅうてい)' refers to the 'court' in the sense of a royal or imperial court. It is used to describe the place where a monarch or emperor resides and conducts official business, as well as the people and activities associated with it. This term is often used in historical or formal contexts. For example: The emperor held a grand ceremony at the court「天皇は宮廷で盛大な儀式を行った」(てんのうはきゅうていでせいだいなぎしきをおこなった). The court was filled with nobles and dignitaries「宮廷には貴族や高官が集まっていた」(きゅうていにはきぞくやこうかんがあつまっていた).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

496

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inside, Rear

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 里Hometown

Example Word

裏門: back gate. The Japanese noun '裏門 (うらもん)' refers to a 'back gate' or 'rear entrance' of a building, estate, or compound. It is often used to describe a secondary or less prominent entrance, as opposed to the main gate. This term can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The back gate is closed「裏門は閉まっている」(うらもんはしまっている). He entered through the back gate「彼は裏門から入った」(かれはうらもんからはいった). In some cases, '裏門' can also imply a sense of secrecy or informality, as it is less visible than the main entrance.

Radical

衣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

497

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

River

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)可Possible

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

498

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Permit, Allow

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)午Noon

Example Word

特許: patent. The Japanese noun '特許 (とっきょ)' refers to a 'patent', which is an exclusive right granted for an invention. This term is commonly used in legal, business, and technological contexts. A patent allows the holder to prevent others from making, using, or selling the invention without permission. For example: He applied for a patent「彼は特許を申請した」(かれはとっきょをしんせいした). This technology is protected by a patent「この技術は特許で保護されている」(このぎじゅつはとっきょでほごされている). The word can also appear in compound terms like '特許権 (とっきょけん)' (patent rights) or '特許庁 (とっきょちょう)' (patent office).

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

499

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Line

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 泉Spring, Fountain

Example Word

白線: white line. The Japanese noun '白線 (はくせん)' refers to a 'white line'. This term is commonly used to describe painted white lines on roads, sports fields, or other surfaces. For example: The white line on the road is clear「道路の白線ははっきりしている」(どうろのはくせんははっきりしている). The players must stay behind the white line「選手たちは白線の後ろにいなければならない」(せんしゅたちははくせんのうしろにいなければならない). In some contexts, it can also refer to anatomical structures, such as the 'linea alba' in medical terminology, but this usage is less common in everyday language.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

500

Handwriting