Jōyō KanjiOrganized by JLPT Level
JLPT N3
kanji
件Meaning
Matter, Affair
Reading
ken
Parts
亻Person (人)牛Cow
Example Word
要件: requirement. The Japanese noun '要件 (ようけん)' primarily means 'requirement'. It is used to refer to necessary conditions, specifications, or criteria that must be met for a particular purpose. This term is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as business, legal matters, or software development. For example: the requirements for the job「仕事の要件」(しごとのようけん). The system meets all the requirements「システムはすべての要件を満たしています」(システムはすべてのようけんをみたしています). In some cases, it can also imply essential matters or key points, but this usage is less common and context-dependent.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
467
Handwriting
kanji
市Meaning
City, Market
Reading
ichi
onyomiしshi
Parts
亠Lid 巾Towel
Example Word
市販: retail. The Japanese noun '市販 (しはん)' refers to products or goods that are sold commercially, typically in retail stores or through general distribution channels. It is often used to describe items that are widely available to the public, as opposed to custom-made or specialized products. For example: This medicine is available over-the-counter「この薬は市販されています」(このくすりはしはんされています). I bought a retail version of the software「市販のソフトウェアを買いました」(しはんのソフトウェアをかいました). The term can also imply that something is mass-produced and accessible to the general consumer market.
Radical
巾
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N3Grade
2Frequency
468
Handwriting
kanji
係Meaning
Person in charge, Connection
Reading
kaka
かかりkakari
onyomiけいkei
Parts
亻Person (人)系Lineage
Example Word
係る: concern. The Japanese verb '係る (かかる)' means 'to concern' or 'to relate to'. It is used to indicate that something is connected to or involves a particular matter or subject. This verb is often used in formal or official contexts. For example: This issue concerns everyone「この問題は皆に係る」(このもんだいはみなにかかる). The decision relates to the company's future「その決定は会社の将来に係る」(そのけっていはかいしゃのしょうらいにかかる). Note that '係る' is typically used in written or formal speech, and in casual conversation, other verbs like '関係する (かんけいする)' might be more common.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
469
Handwriting
kanji
交Meaning
Mix
Reading
ka
まma
まじmaji
onyomiこうkou
Parts
亠Lid 父Father
Example Word
交流: exchange or interaction. The Japanese verbal noun '交流 (こうりゅう)' refers to the act of exchanging or interacting, often used in contexts involving cultural, social, or informational exchange. It can describe interactions between people, groups, or even countries. For example: cultural exchange between Japan and the US「日本とアメリカの文化交流」(にほんとあめりかのぶんかこうりゅう). The students had a lively interaction with the professor「学生たちは教授と活発な交流をした」(がくせいたちはきょうじゅとかっぱつなこうりゅうをした). This term is commonly used in formal and informal settings to describe mutual exchange or communication.
Radical
亠
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
2Frequency
470
Handwriting
kanji
働Meaning
Work
Reading
hatara
onyomiどうdou
Parts
亻Person (人)動Move
Example Word
働き: work or function. The Japanese noun '働き (はたらき)' can mean 'work' or 'function'. When referring to 'work', it often describes the act of working or labor, such as in a job or physical effort. For example: His work is important「彼の働きは重要だ」(かれのはたらきはじゅうようだ). When referring to 'function', it describes the role or operation of something, such as a machine or a body part. For example: The function of the heart is to pump blood「心臓の働きは血液を送ることだ」(しんぞうのはたらきはけつえきをおくることだ). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and abstract contexts.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
471
Handwriting
kanji
科Meaning
Section, Department
Reading
ka
Parts
斗Ladle, Dipper 禾Cereal
Example Word
科学: science. The Japanese noun '科学 (かがく)' means 'science'. It refers to the systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experiment. This term is commonly used in academic, professional, and everyday contexts to discuss scientific fields, research, or principles. For example: Science is important「科学は大切です」(かがくはたいせつです). He studies science「彼 は科学を勉強しています」(かれはかがくをべんきょうしています). The word can also appear in compound terms like '科学者 (かがくしゃ)' (scientist) or '科学技術 (かがくぎじゅつ)' (science and technology).
Radical
禾
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
2Frequency
473
Handwriting
kanji
談Meaning
Discuss
Reading
dan
Parts
訁Say (言)炎Flame, Blaze
Example Word
対談: dialogue. The Japanese verbal noun '対談 (たいだん)' refers to a formal or structured conversation, typically between two people, often experts or notable figures, discussing a specific topic. It is commonly used in contexts such as interviews, discussions, or public talks. For example: The dialogue between the two authors was insightful「二人の作家の対談は興味深かった」(ふたりのさっかのたいだんはきょうみぶかかった). They held a dialogue about environmental issues「彼らは環境問題について対談した」(かれらはかんきょうもんだいについてたいだんした). The term emphasizes a two-way exchange of ideas rather than a one-sided conversation.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
475
Handwriting
kanji
窓Meaning
Window
Reading
mado
onyomiそうsou
Parts
穴Hole 厶Private 心Heart
Example Word
窓口: window or counter. The Japanese noun '窓口 (まどぐち)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning refers to a physical 'window', such as a window in a building or vehicle. The second meaning refers to a 'counter' or service desk, often found in places like banks, post offices, or ticket offices, where transactions or inquiries are handled. For example: Please go to the counter for assistance「窓口でお尋ねください」(まどぐちでおたずねください). The window is open「窓口が開いています」(まどぐちがあいています). The word is commonly used in both literal and service-related contexts, making it versatile in everyday Japanese.
Radical
穴
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
478
Handwriting
kanji
曲Meaning
Music, Bend
Reading
ma
onyomiきょくkyoku
Parts
日Day, Sun 丨Stick
Example Word
曲線: curve. The Japanese noun '曲線 (きょくせん)' means 'curve'. It refers to a line that is not straight but bends smoothly, often used in contexts like mathematics, art, or describing shapes. For example: The road has many curves「この道は曲線が多い」(このみちはきょくせんがおおい). The artist drew a beautiful curve「その芸術家は美しい曲線を描いた」(そのげいじゅつかはうつくしいきょくせんをえがいた). This word is commonly used in technical, artistic, or everyday descriptions of shapes and paths.
Radical
曰
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
479
Handwriting
kanji
産Meaning
Give birth
Reading
u
うぶubu
onyomiさんsan
Parts
生Life 产
Example Word
産地: origin or producing area. The Japanese noun '産地 (さんち)' refers to the place where something is produced or originates. It is commonly used to describe the origin of agricultural products, goods, or resources. For example: This wine comes from a famous producing area「このワインは有名な産地から来ています」(このワインはゆうめいなさんちからきています). The tea is known for its high quality due to its origin「そのお茶は産地の品質で知られています」(そのおちゃはさんちのひんしつでしられています). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as the origin of cultural items or even abstract concepts.
Radical
生
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
482
Handwriting
kanji
腹Meaning
Abdomen
Reading
naka
はらhara
onyomiふくfuku
Parts
月Moon, Month 复
Example Word
腹: stomach or abdomen. The Japanese noun '腹 (はら)' primarily refers to the 'stomach' or 'abdomen', the part of the body containing the digestive organs. It can also be used metaphorically to describe one's feelings or emotions, such as anger or determination, as in '腹が立つ (はらがたつ)', which means 'to get angry'. Example sentences: My stomach hurts「腹が痛い」(はらがいたい). He has a strong will「彼は腹が据わっている」(かれははらがすわっている).
Radical
肉
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
483
Handwriting
kanji
参Meaning
Participate
Reading
mai
onyomiさんsan
Parts
厶Private 彡Fur 大Big
Example Word
人参: carrot. The Japanese noun '人参 (にんじん)' refers to the vegetable 'carrot'. It is commonly used in cooking and everyday conversation when referring to this specific vegetable. Example sentences include: I bought carrots at the store「スーパーで人参を買いました」(すーぱーでにんじんをかいました). Carrots are good for your eyes「人参は目に良いです」(にんじんはめにいいです). In some contexts, particularly in historical or traditional settings, '人参' can also refer to ginseng, but this usage is much less common in modern Japanese and typically requires additional context to avoid confusion.
Radical
厶
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
485
Handwriting
kanji
確Meaning
Certain
Reading
tashi
onyomiかくkaku
Parts
石Stone 隹Bird
Example Word
確定: confirmation or finalization. The Japanese verbal noun '確定 (かくてい)' refers to the act of confirming or finalizing something. It is often used in contexts where decisions, plans, or details are settled and made official. For example: The schedule has been confirmed「スケジュールが確定しました」(スケジュールがかくていしました). The results have been finalized「結果が確定した」(けっかがかくていした). This term is commonly used in business, legal, and administrative settings to indicate that something is no longer subject to change.
Radical
石
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
488
Handwriting
kanji
組Meaning
Association, Group
Reading
ku
くみkumi
onyomiそso
Parts
糸Thread 且Moreover, Also
Example Word
取り組む: tackle. The Japanese verb '取り組む (とりくむ)' means 'to tackle' or 'to engage in' a task, problem, or challenge. It implies a serious and dedicated effort to address or solve something. This verb is often used in contexts involving work, studies, or personal challenges. For example: He is tackling a difficult project「彼は難しいプロジェクトに取り組んでいる」(かれはむずかしいプロジェクトにとりくんでいる). She is working hard to solve the problem「彼女はその問題に真剣に取り組んでいる」(かのじょはそのもんだいにしんけんにとりくんでいる). The verb can also be used in sports or competitions to describe actively engaging in a match or event.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
2Frequency
489
Handwriting
kanji
官Meaning
Government, Bureaucrat
Reading
kan
Parts
宀Roof 㠯Terraced hill
Example Word
警官: police. The Japanese noun '警官 (けいかん)' refers to a police officer or a member of the police force. It is a formal term used to describe someone who enforces laws and maintains public order. For example: The police officer is directing traffic「警官が交通を整理している」(けいかんがこうつうをせいりしている). I asked the police officer for directions「警官に道を聞いた」(けいかんにみちをきいた). This term is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese when referring to law enforcement personnel.
Radical
宀
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
490
Handwriting
kanji
喜Meaning
Rejoice
Reading
yoroko
onyomiきki
Parts
口Mouth 壴
Example Word
喜劇: comedy. The Japanese noun '喜劇 (きげき)' means 'comedy'. It refers to a genre of entertainment, such as plays, movies, or performances, that is intended to make people laugh. It is often used in contrast to '悲劇 (ひげき)' (tragedy). For example: I enjoy watching comedies「私は喜劇を見るのが好きです」(わたしはきげきをみるのがすきです). This play is a comedy「この劇は喜劇です」(このげきはきげきです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe situations that are amusing or absurd.
Radical
口
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
492
Handwriting
kanji
許Meaning
Permit, Allow
Reading
yuru
onyomiきょkyo
Parts
訁Say (言)午Noon
Example Word
免許: license. The Japanese noun '免許 (めんきょ)' refers to an official permission or license granted by an authority, allowing someone to perform a specific activity or profession. It is commonly used in contexts such as driving licenses, professional certifications, or permits. For example: I got my driver's license「運転免許を取得しました」(うんてんめんきょをしゅとくしました). He has a teaching license「彼は教員免許を持っています」(かれはきょういんめんきょをもっています). The term emphasizes the formal and legal aspect of being authorized to do something.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
499
Handwriting
kanji
昔Meaning
Old times
Reading
mukashi
onyomiせきseki
Parts
日Day, Sun 龷Twenty (廿)
Example Word
昔: past. The Japanese noun '昔 (むかし)' refers to 'the past' or 'olden times'. It is used to describe a time long ago, often with a nostalgic or historical connotation. This word is commonly used in storytelling or when reminiscing about earlier days. For example: In the past, this town was very quiet「昔、この町はとても静かだった」(むかし、このまちはとてもしずかだった). Long ago, people used to travel by horse「昔、人々は馬で旅をした」(むかし、ひとびとはうまでたびをした). The word '昔' can also be used in expressions like '昔話 (むかしばなし)', which means 'old tale' or 'folktale'.
Radical
日
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
501
Handwriting
kanji
刻Meaning
Engrave
Reading
kiza
onyomiこくkoku
Parts
亥 刂Sword (刀)
Example Word
刻む: carve or chop. The Japanese verb '刻む (きざむ)' primarily means 'to chop' or 'to carve'. It is used to describe the action of cutting something into small pieces or engraving marks into a surface. For example: She chopped the vegetables finely「彼女は野菜を細かく刻んだ」(かのじょはやさいをこまかくきざんだ). The artist carved his name into the stone「芸術家は石に名前を刻んだ」(げいじゅつかはいしになまえをきざんだ). This verb can also be used metaphorically to describe something being deeply etched into memory or time, as in 'memories carved into my heart'「心に刻まれた思い出」(こころにきざまれたおもいで).
Radical
刀
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
503
Handwriting
kanji
満Meaning
Full
Reading
mi
onyomiまんman
Parts
氵Water (水)卄 両Both
Example Word
満たす: fill or satisfy. The Japanese verb '満たす (みたす)' has two primary meanings: 'to fill' and 'to satisfy'. When used to mean 'fill', it refers to filling something to its capacity, such as a container or a space. For example: fill the glass with water「コップを水で満たす」(コップをみずでみたす). When used to mean 'satisfy', it refers to fulfilling a condition, desire, or requirement. For example: this job satisfies my expectations「この仕事は私の期待を満たす」(このしごとはわたしのきたいをみたす). The verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and abstract contexts.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
506
Handwriting
kanji
状Meaning
Form, Condition
Reading
jou
Parts
丬 犬Dog
Example Word
現状: situation or current. The Japanese noun '現状 (げんじょう)' refers to the 'current situation' or 'present state' of affairs. It is often used in formal or business contexts to discuss the existing conditions or circumstances. For example: we need to analyze the current situation「現状を分析する必要がある」(げんじょうをぶんせきするひつようがある). The current situation is not favorable「現状は有利ではない」(げんじょうはゆうりではない). This term is commonly used in discussions about business, politics, or any scenario where understanding the present state is crucial for decision-making.
Radical
犬
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
507
Handwriting
kanji
期Meaning
Time, Period
Reading
go
きki
Parts
月Moon, Month 其That
Example Word
末期: end. The Japanese noun '末期 (まっき)' refers to the 'end' or 'final stage' of something, often implying the last phase of a period, era, or condition. It is commonly used in contexts such as the end of an era, the final stage of a disease, or the closing phase of a historical period. For example: the final stage of the disease「病気の末期」(びょうきのまっき). The end of the Edo period「江戸時代の末期」(えどじだいのまっき). This word carries a nuance of inevitability and often suggests a critical or irreversible state.
Radical
月
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
511
Handwriting
kanji
吹Meaning
Breathe out, Blow
Reading
fu
onyomiすいsui
Parts
囗Box 欠Lack
Example Word
吹く: blow. The Japanese verb '吹く (ふく)' primarily means 'to blow'. This verb is used to describe the action of air or wind moving, such as 'the wind is blowing'「風が吹く」(かぜがふく). It can also be used metaphorically or in other contexts, such as blowing a musical instrument like a flute 'flute is blowing'「フルートを吹く」(ふるーとをふく). Additionally, '吹く' can be used to describe something that suddenly appears or occurs, like a rash or a rumor, though this usage is less common. For example: a rumor is spreading「噂が吹く」(うわさがふく).
Radical
口
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
512
Handwriting
kanji
探Meaning
Search
Reading
saga
さぐsagu
onyomiたんtan
Parts
扌Hand (手)罙Deep
Example Word
探す: search. The Japanese verb '探す (さがす)' means 'to search' or 'to look for'. It is used when someone is trying to find something that is lost, missing, or not immediately visible. This verb can be applied to both physical objects and abstract concepts, such as searching for a person, an item, or even an opportunity. For example: I am searching for my keys「鍵を探しています」(かぎをさがしています). He is looking for a job「彼は仕事を探しています」(かれはしごとをさがしています). The verb can also imply a sense of effort or persistence in the search, as in '探し続ける (さがしつづける) (to continue searching)'. It is important to note that '探す' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being searched for.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
514
Handwriting
kanji
困Meaning
Trouble, Distress
Reading
koma
onyomiこんkon
Parts
木Tree, Wood 囗Box
Example Word
困る: trouble. The Japanese verb '困る (こまる)' means 'to be in trouble' or 'to be troubled'. It is used to express a state of difficulty, distress, or inconvenience. This verb often conveys a sense of being at a loss or not knowing what to do in a situation. For example: I am in trouble because I lost my wallet「財布をなくして困っている」(さいふをなくしてこまっている). It can also be used to describe a situation where someone is inconvenienced or bothered by something: It troubles me when people are late「人が遅れると困る」(ひと がおくれるとこまる). The verb is commonly used in everyday conversation to express personal difficulties or challenges.
Radical
囗
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
515
Handwriting
kanji
暮Meaning
Livelihood
Reading
ku
onyomiぼbo
Parts
莫 日Day, Sun
Example Word
お歳暮: year end gift. The Japanese noun 'お歳暮 (おせいぼ)' refers to a traditional year-end gift given to express gratitude to people such as teachers, bosses, or relatives. This custom is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and is typically given in December. The gifts often include items like food, alcohol, or household goods. For example: I received a year-end gift from my boss「上司からお歳暮をもらいました」(じょうしからおせいぼをもらいました). We sent a year-end gift to our relatives「親戚にお歳暮を送りました」(しんせきにおせいぼをおくりました). The practice of giving お歳暮 is a way to show appreciation and maintain social relationships.
Radical
日
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
516
Handwriting
kanji
式Meaning
Style, Ceremony
Reading
shiki
Parts
工Construction 弋Ceremony
Example Word
形式的: formal. The Japanese adjective '形式的 (けいしきてき)' means 'formal'. It is used to describe something that adheres strictly to established forms, rules, or conventions, often implying a lack of genuine substance or feeling. For example: The meeting was just a formality「会議は形式的なものだった」(かいぎはけいしきてきなものだった). Their apology seemed formal and insincere「彼らの謝罪は形式的で誠意が感じられなかった」(かれらのしゃざいはけいしきてきでせいいがかんじられなかった). This word is often used in contexts where actions or procedures are done out of obligation rather than genuine intent.
Radical
弋
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
524
Handwriting
kanji
抜Meaning
Pluck, Extract
Reading
nu
onyomiはつhatsu
はいhai
ばつbatsu
Parts
扌Hand (手)友Friend
Example Word
追い抜く: overtake. The Japanese verb '追い抜く (おいぬく)' means 'to overtake'. This verb is used when one moves ahead of someone or something that was previously in front, often in the context of racing, driving, or competition. It can also be used metaphorically to describe surpassing someone in skill, achievement, or progress. For example: The car overtook the truck「その車はトラックを追い抜いた」(そのくるまはトラックをおいぬいた). She overtook her rival in the competition「彼女は競争でライバルを追い抜いた」(かのじょはきょうそうでライバルをおいぬいた). Note that this verb implies a sense of movement and progression, and it is often used in dynamic situations.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
526
Handwriting
kanji
具Meaning
Tool
Reading
sona
onyomiぐgu
Parts
目Eye 兀Lofty
Example Word
具合: condition. The Japanese noun '具合 (ぐあい)' refers to the state, condition, or manner in which something is functioning or happening. It is often used to describe the physical condition of a person, the state of a machine, or the progress of a situation. For example: How is your condition?「具合はどうですか?」(ぐあいはどうですか?). The machine's condition is bad「機械の具合が悪い」(きかいのぐあいがわるい). It can also be used to inquire about the progress or status of something, such as a project or plan. The word is versatile and can be applied to both physical and abstract states.
Radical
八
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
528
Handwriting
kanji
更Meaning
Renew, Grow late
Reading
fu
さらsara
onyomiこうkou
Parts
曰
Example Word
変更: change. The Japanese verbal noun '変更 (へんこう)' means 'change' and refers to the act of altering or modifying something. It is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as changing plans, schedules, or settings. For example: I made a change to the schedule「スケジュールを変更しました」(すけじゅーるをへんこうしました). Please change the settings「設定を変更してください」(せっていをへ んこうしてください). Note that '変更' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being changed, as in '変更をする (へんこうをする)' (to make a change).
Radical
曰
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
533
Handwriting
kanji
雑Meaning
Miscellaneous
Reading
zou
ざつzatsu
Parts
杂 隹Bird
Example Word
混雑: crowded. The Japanese verbal noun '混雑 (こんざつ)' refers to a state of being crowded or congested. It is often used to describe places, situations, or conditions where there is a lot of activity or people, leading to a lack of space or order. For example: The station is crowded「駅が混雑している」(えきがこんざつしている). The road is congested due to the accident「事故で道路が混雑している」(じこでどうろがこんざつしている). This word is commonly used in contexts like public transportation, events, or traffic, and it conveys a sense of disorder or inconvenience caused by the crowding.
Radical
隹
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
534
Handwriting
kanji
緒Meaning
Beginning, Together
Reading
o
onyomiしょsho
ちょcho
Parts
糸Thread 者Someone
Example Word
一緒に: together. The Japanese adverb '一緒に (いっしょに)' means 'together'. It is used to indicate that two or more people or things are doing something in unison or in the same place. This adverb is commonly used in invitations or when suggesting joint activities. For example: Let's go together「一緒に行きましょう」(いっしょにいきましょう). We ate together「一緒に食べました」(いっしょにたべました). It can also be used to express that something is done simultaneously or in combination, as in 'I will study together with my friend'「友達と一緒に勉強します」(ともだちといっしょにべんきょうします).
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
9Frequency
537
Handwriting
kanji
抱Meaning
Hug, Embrace
Reading
da
かかkaka
いだida
onyomiほうhou
Parts
扌Hand (手)包Wrap
Example Word
抱く: embrace. The Japanese verb '抱く (いだく)' primarily means 'to embrace' or 'to hold in one's arms'. It can also metaphorically mean 'to harbor' feelings or thoughts, such as hopes or suspicions. This verb is often used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: She embraced her child「彼女は子供を抱いた」(かのじょはこどもをいだいた). He harbors a deep love for her「彼は彼女に深い愛を抱いている」(かれはかのじょにふかいあいをいだいている). Note that '抱く' can also be read as 'だく' with a slightly different nuance, often implying a more physical or intimate embrace.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
543
Handwriting
kanji
冷Meaning
Cold
Reading
sa
ひhi
つめtsume
onyomiれいrei
Parts
冫Ice (水)令Orders
Example Word
冷たい: cold. The Japanese adjective '冷たい (つめたい)' primarily means 'cold' and is used to describe something that has a low temperature, such as cold water or cold weather. It can also describe a person's attitude or behavior as being emotionally cold or distant. For example: The water is cold「水が冷たい」(みずがつめたい). She gave me a cold look「彼女は冷たい目をした」(かのじょはつめたいめをした). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations to describe both physical and emotional coldness.
Radical
冫
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
544
Handwriting
kanji
疑Meaning
Doubt, Suspect
Reading
utaga
onyomiぎgi
Example Word
容疑: suspicion. The Japanese noun '容 疑 (ようぎ)' refers to 'suspicion' or 'allegation' in the context of a crime or wrongdoing. It is commonly used in legal or investigative settings to describe the suspicion that someone has committed a crime. For example: He is under suspicion of theft「彼は窃盗の容疑をかけられている」(かれはせっとうのようぎをかけられている). The police are investigating the suspicion of fraud「警察は詐欺の容疑を調査している」(けいさつはさぎのようぎをちょうさしている). The word is often paired with verbs like 'かける' (to place) or '受ける' (to receive) to indicate the act of being suspected or suspecting someone.
Radical
疋
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
546
Handwriting
kanji
差Meaning
Difference
Reading
sa
onyomiさsa
Parts
左Left 羊Sheep
Example Word
差し上げる: give. The Japanese verb '差し上げる (さしあげる)' is a humble form of the verb 'to give'. It is used when the speaker is giving something to someone of higher status or to show respect. This verb is often used in formal or polite situations. For example: I will give you this book「この本を差し上げます」(このほんをさしあげます). Please accept this gift「この贈り物を差し上げてください」(このおくりものをさしあげてください). Note that '差し上げる' is part of the keigo (敬語) system, specifically kenjougo (謙譲語), which is used to humble oneself or elevate the status of the recipient.
Radical
工
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
547
Handwriting
kanji
末Meaning
End
Reading
sue
onyomiまつmatsu
ばつbatsu
Parts
木Tree, Wood
Example Word
末っ子: youngest. The Japanese noun '末っ子 (すえっこ)' refers to the youngest child in a family. It is a term often used to describe the position of a child within a sibling group, emphasizing their status as the last-born. This term carries a nuance of affection or endearment, as the youngest child is often seen as the baby of the family. For example: She is the youngest in her family「彼女は末っ子です」(かのじょはすえっこです). The youngest child is always spoiled「末っ子はいつも甘やかされる」(すえっこはいつもあまやかされる). The word is commonly used in both casual and formal contexts to describe family dynamics.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
551
Handwriting
kanji
察Meaning
Guess
Reading
satsu
Parts
宀Roof 祭Ritual
Example Word
検察: prosecution. The Japanese noun '検察 (けんさつ)' refers to the act or system of prosecuting legal cases, particularly criminal cases, or the organization responsible for this, such as the public prosecutor's office. It is often used in legal contexts to describe the process of investigating and charging individuals with crimes. For example: The prosecution is investigating the case「検察が事件を調査している」(けんさつがじけんをちょうさしている). The prosecution office is located downtown「検察庁は都心にある」(けんさつちょうはとしんにある). This term is crucial in discussions about the legal system and criminal justice in Japan.
Radical
宀
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
553
Handwriting
kanji
単Meaning
Simple, Single
Reading
tan
Parts
⺍Small 日Day, Sun 十Ten
Example Word
単なる: mere. The Japanese determiner '単なる (たんなる)' means 'mere' or 'just'. It is used to emphasize that something is nothing more than what is stated, often downplaying its significance or complexity. For example: It's just a rumor「単なる噂だ」(たんなるうわさだ). He is a mere child「彼は単なる子供だ」(かれはたんなるこどもだ). This word is often used to express that something is not as important or serious as it might seem.
Radical
十
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
554
Handwriting
kanji
途Meaning
Way, Route
Reading
to
Parts
辶Walk 余Excess
Example Word
用途: use. The Japanese noun '用途 (ようと)' refers to the purpose or intended use of something. It is commonly used to describe the function or application of an object, tool, or resource. For example: This machine has various uses「この機械は用途が広い」(このきかいはようとがひろい). The use of this material is limited「この材料の用途は限られている」(このざいりょうのようとはかぎられている). The word often appears in technical or practical contexts, emphasizing the specific function or role of an item.
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
555
Handwriting
kanji
構Meaning
Structure, Care
Reading
kama
onyomiこうkou
Parts
木Tree, Wood 冓
Example Word
機構: mechanism or organization. The Japanese noun '機構 (きこう)' can mean 'mechanism' or 'organization', depending on the context. When referring to 'mechanism', it describes the physical or functional structure of a system or device. For example: the mechanism of this clock is complex「この時計の機構は複雑だ」(このとけいのきこうはふくざつだ). When referring to 'organization', it describes an organized body or system, such as a company or institution. For example: the organization of this company is efficient「この会社の機構は効率的だ」(このかいしゃのきこうはこうりつてきだ). The word is often used in technical, scientific, or administrative contexts.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
557
Handwriting
kanji
痛Meaning
Pain
Reading
ita
onyomiつうtsuu
Parts
疒Sick 甬Path
Example Word
痛み: pain. The Japanese noun '痛み (いたみ)' primarily means 'pain'. It refers to a physical sensation of discomfort or suffering, often caused by injury or illness. It can also be used metaphorically to describe emotional pain or distress. For example: I have a pain in my stomach「お腹に痛みがあります」(おなかにいたみがあります). The pain of losing a loved one「大切な人を失う痛み」(たいせつなひとをうしなういたみ). This word is commonly used in both medical and everyday contexts to describe various types of pain.
Radical
疒
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
559
Handwriting
kanji
求Meaning
Request, Seek
Reading
moto
onyomiきゅうkyuu
Parts
水Water
Example Word
要求: demand. The Japanese verbal noun '要求 (ようきゅう)' means 'demand'. It refers to a strong request or claim for something, often implying that the request is backed by authority, necessity, or urgency. This term is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as business negotiations, legal settings, or customer service. For example: The workers made a demand for higher wages「労働者たちは賃金の引き上げを要求した」(ろうどうしゃたちはちんぎんのひきあげをようきゅうした). The customer demanded a refund「客は返金を要求した」(きゃくはへんきんをようきゅうした). Note that '要求' can also imply a sense of entitlement or insistence, depending on the context.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
562
Handwriting
kanji
景Meaning
Scene
Reading
kei
Parts
日Day, Sun 京Capital
Example Word
景色: scenery. The Japanese noun '景色 (けしき)' refers to the natural scenery or landscape that one can see, such as mountains, rivers, or fields. It is often used to describe the beauty of nature or the view from a particular location. For example: The scenery from the mountain was breathtaking「山からの景色は息をのむほど美しかった」(やまからのけしきはいきをのむほどうつくしかった). I want to see the scenery of the countryside「田舎の景色を見たい」(いなかのけしきをみたい). This word is commonly used in travel contexts or when appreciating the beauty of nature.
Radical
日
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
563
Handwriting
kanji
告Meaning
Announce
Reading
tsu
onyomiこくkoku
Parts
⺧Cow 口Mouth
Example Word
被告: defendant. The Japanese noun '被告 (ひこく)' refers to the 'defendant' in a legal context. This term is specifically used in court cases to denote the person or entity being accused or sued. It is a formal term commonly encountered in legal documents, news reports, and courtroom settings. For example: The defendant pleaded not guilty「被告は無罪を主張した」(ひこくはむざいをしゅちょうした). The defendant's lawyer presented new evidence「被告の弁護士が新しい証拠を提出した」(ひこくのべんごしがあたらしいしょうこをていしゅつした). This term is distinct from related legal terms like '原告 (げんこく)' (plaintiff) and '裁判官 (さいばんかん)' (judge).
Radical
口
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
564
Handwriting
kanji
米Meaning
Rice
Reading
kome
onyomiまいmai
べいbei
Parts
丷Divide 木Tree, Wood
Example Word
日米: Japan United States. The Japanese noun '日米 (にちべい)' refers to the relationship or matters involving both Japan and the United States. It is a compound word combining '日' (にち), meaning 'Japan', and '米' (べい), meaning 'America' or 'US'. This term is often used in contexts discussing diplomatic relations, trade agreements, cultural exchanges, or comparative studies between the two countries. For example: The Japan-US relationship is strong「日米関係は強い」(にちべいかんけいはつよい). The Japan-US trade agreement was signed「日米貿易協定が調印された」(にちべいぼうえききょうていがちょういんされた).
Radical
米
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
2Frequency
565
Handwriting
kanji
破Meaning
Break, Tear
Reading
yabu
onyomiはha
Parts
石Stone 皮Skin
Example Word
破産: bankruptcy. The Japanese noun '破産 (はさん)' means 'bankruptcy'. This term is used in legal and financial contexts to describe the state of being unable to pay outstanding debts. It can refer to both individuals and businesses. For example: he declared bankruptcy「彼は破産を宣告した」(かれははさんをせんこくした). The company went bankrupt「その会社は破産した」(そのかいしゃははさんした). In Japanese law, bankruptcy is a formal legal process that involves the liquidation of assets to pay off creditors. The term can also be used metaphorically to describe a complete failure or collapse, though this usage is less common.
Radical
石
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
566
Handwriting
kanji
散Meaning
Scatter
Reading
chi
onyomiさんsan
Parts
攵Strike 月Moon, Month
Example Word
分散: distribution or dispersion. The Japanese verbal noun '分散 (ぶんさん)' primarily means 'dispersion' or 'distribution'. It is used to describe the act of spreading something out over a wide area or among many people. In statistics, it refers to the spread of data points. For example: The dispersion of light creates a rainbow「光の分散が虹を作る」(ひかりのぶんさんがにじをつくる). The company distributed the profits among its employees「会社は利益を従業員に分散した」(かいしゃはりえきをじゅうぎょういんにぶんさんした). Note that '分散' can also imply a sense of scattering or decentralization, depending on the context.
Radical
攴
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
570
Handwriting
kanji
示Meaning
Show, Indicate
Reading
shime
onyomiじji
しshi
Parts
二Two 小Small
Example Word
指示: instruction. The Japanese noun '指示 (しじ)' means 'instruction' or 'direction'. It refers to guidance or orders given by someone in authority, such as a boss, teacher, or manual. This word is commonly used in professional, educational, or technical contexts. For example: follow the instructions「指示に従ってください」(しじにしたがってください). The teacher gave clear instructions「先生は明確な指示を出した」(せんせいはめいかくなしじをだした). It can also imply a sense of authority or hierarchy, as the person giving the instructions is typically in a position of power or expertise.
Radical
示
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
574
Radical Form
礻
Handwriting
kanji
負Meaning
Defeat
Reading
o
まma
onyomiふfu
Parts
⺈Wrap 貝Shellfish
Example Word
負債: debt. The Japanese noun '負債 (ふさい)' means 'debt'. It refers to an amount of money or financial obligation that one owes to another party, often due to borrowing or financial transactions. This term is commonly used in financial, business, or personal contexts. For example: The company has a large debt「その会社は大きな負債がある」(そのかいしゃはおおきなふさいがある). He is struggling to pay off his debt「彼は負債を返済するのに苦労している」(かれはふさいをへんさいするのにくろうしている). Note that '負債' is a formal term and is often used in written or professional contexts, as opposed to more casual terms like '借金 (しゃっきん)'.
Radical
貝
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
575
Handwriting
kanji
候Meaning
Climate
Reading
sourou
onyomiこうkou
Parts
丨Stick 侯Marquis, Feudal lord
Example Word
天候: weather. The Japanese noun '天候 (てんこう)' refers to 'weather'. It is a formal term used to describe the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature, precipitation, wind, and other meteorological conditions. This word is often used in news reports, forecasts, or formal discussions about weather conditions. For example: The weather is bad today「今日の天候は悪い」(きょうのてんこうはわるい). The weather forecast predicts rain「天候予報は雨を予測している」(てんこうよほうはあめをよそくしている). Note that '天候' is more formal than the casual term '天気 (てんき)', which also means 'weather'.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
580
Handwriting
kanji
煙Meaning
Smoke
Reading
kemu
けむりkemuri
onyomiえんen
Parts
火Fire 垔
Example Word
喫煙: smoking. The Japanese verbal noun '喫煙 (きつえん)' refers to the act of smoking, particularly tobacco. It is commonly used in contexts related to health, regulations, or habits. For example: Smoking is prohibited here「ここでは喫煙は禁止されています」(ここではきつ えんはきんしされています). He quit smoking last year「彼は去年喫煙をやめました」(かれはきょねんきつえんをやめました). The word is often seen in signs or public notices, such as '喫煙所 (きつえんじょ)' (smoking area). It is important to note that this term is neutral in tone and does not carry any positive or negative connotations by itself.
Radical
火
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
581
Handwriting
kanji
争Meaning
Dispute
Reading
araso
onyomiそうsou
Parts
⺈Wrap ⺕Hand 亅Barb
Example Word
紛争: conflict. The Japanese noun '紛争 (ふんそう)' refers to 'conflict' or 'dispute'. It is commonly used to describe situations of disagreement, strife, or contention, whether on a personal, social, or international level. This word often appears in contexts involving political, legal, or military conflicts. For example: The two countries are in conflict「二つの国が紛争中です」(ふたつのくにがふんそうちゅうです). The labor dispute has been resolved「労働紛争は解決しました」(ろうどうふんそうはかいけつしました). Note that '紛争' carries a formal tone and is typically used in serious or large-scale situations, distinguishing it from more casual terms like '喧嘩 (けんか)' which refers to smaller-scale arguments or fights.
Radical
亅
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
584
Handwriting
kanji
歳Meaning
Year, Years old
Reading
sei
さいsai
Parts
止Stop 戈 小Small
Example Word
二十歳: twenty years old. The Japanese noun '二十歳 (はたち)' specifically refers to the age of 20 years old. In Japan, turning 20 is a significant milestone as it marks the age of adulthood, celebrated during the Coming of Age Day (成人の日, せいじんのひ). This term is often used in contexts related to legal adulthood, responsibilities, and celebrations. For example: She turned 20 this year「彼女は今年二十歳になった」(かのじょはことしはたちになった). In Japan, you become an adult at 20「日本では二十歳で成人になる」(にほんでははたちでせいじんになる).
Radical
止
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
585
Handwriting
kanji
労Meaning
Labor
Reading
rou
Parts
⺍Small 冖Crown 力Power
Example Word
労働者: worker. The Japanese noun '労働者 (ろうどうしゃ)' refers to a 'worker' or 'laborer'. It is a general term used to describe someone who performs physical or mental work, often in exchange for wages. This word is commonly used in contexts related to employment, labor rights, and workplace discussions. For example: The workers are on strike「労働者がストライキをしている」(ろうどうしゃがストライキをしている). Many workers commute by train「多くの労働者が電車で通勤する」(おおくのろうどうしゃがでんしゃでつうきんする). The term can apply to various types of workers, including factory workers, office workers, or manual laborers, and is neutral in tone.
Radical
力
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
587
Handwriting
kanji
昨Meaning
Yesterday, Previous
Reading
saku
Parts
日Day, Sun 乍
Example Word
昨夜: last night. The Japanese noun '昨夜 (さくや)' refers to 'last night' or 'yesterday night'. It is used to indicate the night of the previous day. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to refer to events or actions that occurred during the night before the current day. For example: I went to bed late last night「昨夜は遅く寝ました」(さくやはおそくねました). It rained last night「昨夜は雨が降りました」(さくやはあめがふりました). The word '昨夜' is often used in conversation and writing to specify the time frame of past events.
Radical
日
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
589
Handwriting
kanji
福Meaning
Blessing
Reading
fuku
Parts
礻Cult (示)畐Fill
Example Word
幸福: happiness. The Japanese adjectival noun '幸福 (こうふく)' means 'happiness'. It refers to a state of well-being, contentment, or joy. This word is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe a deep or lasting sense of happiness. For example: I wish you happiness「あなたに幸福を願います」(あなたにこうふくをねがいます). True happiness is hard to find「真の幸福を見つけるのは難しい」(しんのこうふくをみつけるのはむずかしい). Note that '幸福' is more profound and less casual than other words for happiness like '幸せ (しあわせ)', which is more commonly used in everyday conversation.
Radical
示
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
590
Handwriting
kanji
警Meaning
Warn
Reading
kei
Parts
言Say 敬Respect
Example Word
警戒: caution. The Japanese verbal noun '警戒 (けいかい)' means 'caution' or 'vigilance'. It refers to the act of being watchful or alert to potential danger or trouble. This word is often used in contexts where one needs to be careful or on guard, such as in security, safety, or even interpersonal relationships. For example: The police are on high alert「警察は警戒を強めている」(けいさ つはけいかいをつよめている). We must be cautious of natural disasters「自然災害に警戒しなければならない」(しぜんさいがいにけいかいしなければならない). The word can also be used in phrases like '警戒心 (けいかいしん)', which means 'sense of caution' or 'wariness'.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
19JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
592
Handwriting
kanji
願Meaning
Request, Wish
Reading
nega
onyomiがんgan
Parts
原Meadow, Original 頁Page
Example Word
願書: application. The Japanese noun '願書 (がんしょ)' refers to a formal written application or petition. It is commonly used in contexts such as applying for schools, jobs, or official permits. The term carries a formal tone and is often associated with official or bureaucratic processes. Example sentences: Please submit the application by tomorrow「願書を明日までに提出してください」(がんしょをあしたまでにていしゅつしてください). I filled out the application form「願書に記入しました」(がんしょにきにゅうしました). Note that '願書' is typically used in written or formal contexts, and it implies a request or desire for something to be granted.
Radical
頁
Stroke Count
19JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
599
Handwriting
kanji
礼Meaning
Bow, Salute
Reading
rei
Parts
礻Cult (示)乙Second, Latter
Example Word
礼儀: manners. The Japanese noun '礼儀 (れいぎ)' refers to 'manners' or 'etiquette'. It is used to describe proper behavior, politeness, and respect in social interactions. This word is often associated with traditional Japanese customs and the importance of showing respect to others. For example: Good manners are important「礼儀は大切です」(れいぎはたいせつです). He has no manners「彼は礼儀を知らない」(かれはれいぎをしらない). The concept of '礼儀' is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and is often emphasized in both personal and professional settings.
Radical
示
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
605
Handwriting
kanji
認Meaning
Recognize, Admit
Reading
mito
onyomiにんnin
Parts
言Say 忍Endure, Stealth
Example Word
認定: certification or recognition. The Japanese noun '認定 (にんてい)' refers to the act of officially recognizing or certifying something. It is commonly used in contexts involving formal approval, accreditation, or acknowledgment. For example: The product received official certification「その製品は認定を受けました」(そのせいひんはにんていをうけました). His skills were recognized by the organization「彼のスキルはその組織に認定されました」(かれのスキルはそのそしきににんていされました). This term is often used in professional, educational, or legal settings to denote formal validation.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
612
Handwriting
kanji
回Meaning
Revolve, Times
Reading
mawa
onyomiかいkai
Parts
口Mouth
Example Word
回: times. The Japanese suffix '回 (かい)' is used to indicate the number of times an action occurs. It is commonly attached to numbers to express frequency or repetition. For example: three times「三回」(さんかい). I have been to Japan twice「日本に二回行ったことがある」(にほんにかいあったことがある). This suffix is versatile and can be used in various contexts to denote occurrences, such as in sports, events, or daily activities. It is important to note that '回' is often used in combination with verbs to specify how many times an action has been performed.
Radical
囗
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
2Frequency
613
Handwriting
kanji
絵Meaning
Picture
Reading
kai
えe
Parts
糸Thread 会Meet
Example Word
絵: picture. The Japanese noun '絵 (え)' means 'picture' or 'painting'. It refers to a visual representation, typically created through drawing, painting, or other artistic methods. This word is commonly used in contexts involving art, illustrations, or any form of visual depiction. For example: This is a beautiful picture「これは美しい絵です」(これはうつくしいえです). I like to draw pictures「絵を描くのが好きです」(えをかくのがすきです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a vivid mental image or scenario, as in '絵に描いたような美しさ (えにかいたようなうつくしさ)' meaning 'beauty as if painted in a picture'.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
2Frequency
615
Handwriting
kanji
投Meaning
Throw
Reading
na
onyomiとうtou
Parts
扌Hand (手)殳Pike
Example Word
投入: investment or insertion. The Japanese noun '投入 (とうにゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'investment', referring to the act of putting resources (such as time, money, or effort) into something with the expectation of achieving a benefit. For example: The company made a large investment in new technology「会社は新しい技術に大きな投入をした」(かいしゃはあたらしいぎじゅつにおおきなとうにゅうをした). The second meaning is 'insertion', which refers to the act of putting something into a place or system. For example: Insert the card into the machine「カードを機械に投入してください」(かーどをきかいにとうにゅうしてください). These two meanings are unrelated and depend on the context in which the word is used.
Radical
手
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
617
Handwriting
kanji
留Meaning
Stay, Detain
Reading
to
onyomiりゅうryuu
るru
Example Word
書留: registered mail. The Japanese noun '書留 (かきとめ)' refers to 'registered mail,' a service offered by postal systems that provides proof of mailing and a detailed record of delivery. It is commonly used when sending important documents that require tracking and confirmation of receipt. Example sentences include: I will send this as registered mail 「これを書留で送ります」 (これをかきとめでおくります). Please send this letter by registered mail 「この手紙を書留で送ってください」 (このてがみをかきとめでおってください). This term is essential for anyone handling important mail in Japan, as it ensures the document's security and traceability.
Radical
田
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
626
Handwriting
kanji
未Meaning
Not yet
Reading
ima
まma
ひつじhitsuji
onyomiみmi
Parts
木Tree, Wood
Example Word
未成年: minor. The Japanese noun '未成年 (みせいねん)' refers to a person who is under the legal age of majority, typically under 20 years old in Japan. This term is often used in legal, social, and formal contexts to describe individuals who have not yet reached adulthood. For example: Minors cannot vote「未成年は投票できません」(みせいねんはとうひょうできません). The store does not sell alcohol to minors「その店は未成年に酒を売りません」(そのみせはみせいねんにさけをうりません). The term is also used in discussions about laws, rights, and responsibilities pertaining to young people.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
5JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
627
Handwriting
kanji
罪Meaning
Sin, Guilt
Reading
tsumi
onyomiざいzai
Parts
罒Net 非Mistake, Negative
Example Word
犯罪: crime. The Japanese noun '犯罪 (はんざい)' means 'crime'. It refers to an act that is against the law and punishable by the legal system. This word is commonly used in legal, social, and everyday contexts to describe illegal activities. For example: The police are investigating the crime「警察は犯罪を調査しています」(けいさつははんざいをちょうさしています). He was arrested for committing a crime「彼は犯罪を犯して逮捕された」(かれは はんざいをおかしてたいほされた). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing crime rates or societal issues related to crime.
Radical
网
Stroke Count
13JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
628
Handwriting
kanji
退Meaning
Retreat
Reading
shirizo
onyomiたいtai
Parts
⻌Walk 艮Stopping
Example Word
退院: discharge. The Japanese verbal noun '退院 (たいいん)' refers to the act of being discharged from a hospital or medical facility after receiving treatment. It is commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a patient has recovered sufficiently to leave the hospital. For example: The patient was discharged from the hospital「患者は退院しました」(かんじゃはたいいんしました). She will be discharged tomorrow「彼女は明日退院します」(かのじょはあしたたいいんします). Note that '退院' is often used in formal or medical settings and implies a sense of recovery or completion of treatment.
Radical
辵
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
633
Handwriting
kanji
約Meaning
Promise, Approximately
Reading
yaku
Parts
糸Thread
Example Word
制約: constraint. The Japanese noun '制約 (せいやく)' refers to a 'constraint' or 'limitation'. It is used to describe restrictions or conditions that limit freedom or possibilities. This word is often used in contexts such as rules, regulations, or technical limitations. For example: There are many constraints in this project「このプロジェクトには多くの制約がある」(このプロジェクトにはおおくのせいやくがある). The law imposes constraints on businesses「その法律はビジネスに制約を課す」(そのほうりつはビジネスにせいやくをかす). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as time constraints or social constraints.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
635
Handwriting
kanji
優Meaning
Superior, Gentle
Reading
yasa
すぐsugu
onyomiゆうyuu
Parts
亻Person (人)憂Anxious, Grief
Example Word
優しい: kind. The Japanese adjective '優しい (やさしい)' primarily means 'kind'. It is used to describe someone who is gentle, caring, or considerate towards others. This word can also imply a sense of softness or tenderness in character. For example: she is kind「彼女は優しい」(かのじょはやさしい). He spoke in a kind voice「彼は優しい声で話した」(かれはやさしいこえではなした). While '優しい' can sometimes be used to describe something that is easy to do or understand, this usage is less common and typically requires additional context to avoid confusion with the primary meaning of kindness.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
17JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
640
Handwriting
kanji
商Meaning
Trade, Deal
Reading
akina
onyomiしょうshou
Parts
立Stand 冏Bright
Example Word
商店: shop. The Japanese noun '商店 (しょうてん)' refers to a 'shop' or 'store', typically a small to medium-sized retail establishment. It is commonly used to describe local businesses or family-run shops that sell goods directly to consumers. The term often carries a sense of community and tradition, as many 商店 are long-standing businesses in neighborhoods. Example sentences: There is a small shop near my house「私の家の近くに商店があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにしょうてんがあります). The shop sells fresh vegetables「その商店は新鮮な野菜を売っています」(そのしょうてんはしんせんなやさいをうっています).
Radical
口
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
642
Handwriting
kanji
予Meaning
Beforehand
Reading
arakaji
onyomiよyo
Parts
亅Barb 乛Second (乙)マKatakana ma
Example Word
予定: plan. The Japanese verbal noun '予定 (よてい)' means 'plan'. It is used to refer to a scheduled event, arrangement, or intention. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss future plans or schedules. For example: I have plans for tomorrow「明日は予定があります」(あしたはよていがあります). What are your plans for the weekend?「週末の予定は何ですか?」(しゅうまつのよていはなんですか?). It can also be used to indicate something that is expected or likely to happen, as in 'The meeting is scheduled for 3 PM'「会議は3時の予定です」(かいぎは3じのよていです).
Radical
亅
Stroke Count
4JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
647
Handwriting
kanji
富Meaning
Wealth, Rich
Reading
to
とみtomi
onyomiふfu
ふうfuu
Parts
宀Roof 畐Fill
Example Word
豊富: abundant. The Japanese adjectival noun '豊富 (ほうふ)' means 'abundant' or 'plentiful'. It is used to describe a large quantity or variety of something, often in a positive context. For example: This region has abundant resources「この地域は資源が豊富だ」(このちいきはしげんがほうふだ). The library has a plentiful collection of books「図書館には本が豊富にある」(としょかんにはほんがほうふにある). '豊富' is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to emphasize the richness or sufficiency of something.
Radical
宀
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
649
Handwriting
kanji
眠Meaning
Sleep, Sleepy
Reading
nemu
onyomiみんmin
Parts
目Eye 民People, Nation
Example Word
居眠り: doze. The Japanese verbal noun '居眠り (いねむり)' refers to the act of dozing off or taking a nap, often unintentionally or in a situation where one is expected to be awake, such as during a meeting or class. It implies a light, brief sleep rather than a deep, intentional rest. For example: I dozed off during the meeting「会議中に居眠りをした」(かいぎちゅうにいねむりをした). The student was dozing in class「その学生は授業中に居眠りをしていた」(そのがくせいはじゅぎょうちゅうにいねむりをしていた). This word is often used to describe a situation where someone falls asleep due to boredom or fatigue.
Radical
目
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
652
Handwriting
kanji
報Meaning
Report, News
Reading
muku
onyomiほうhou
Parts
幸Happiness
Example Word
電報: telegram. The Japanese noun '電報 (でんぽう)' refers to a 'telegram', which is a message sent by telegraph and then delivered in written or printed form. This term is somewhat outdated in modern times due to the prevalence of digital communication, but it is still understood and occasionally used in formal or historical contexts. Example sentences: I received a telegram「電報を受け取った」(でんぽうをうけとった). Send a telegram to inform them「彼らに知らせるために電報を送る」(かれらにしらせるためにでんぽうをおくる).
Radical
土
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
655
Handwriting
kanji
髪Meaning
Hair
Reading
kami
onyomiはつhatsu
Parts
髟 友Friend
Example Word
白髪: gray hair. The Japanese noun '白髪 (しらが)' refers to 'gray hair' or 'white hair'. It is commonly used to describe hair that has lost its natural color due to aging or stress. This word is often used in contexts related to aging or appearance. For example: My father has gray hair「父は白髪だ」(ちちはしらがだ). She noticed a few gray hairs「彼女は白髪を数本見つけた」(かのじょはしらがをすうほんみつけた). The term can also carry a poetic or reflective nuance when discussing the passage of time or life changes.
Radical
髟
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
657
Handwriting
kanji
給Meaning
Supply, Salary
Reading
kyuu
Parts
糸Thread 合Fit, Match
Example Word
給与: salary. The Japanese noun '給与 (きゅうよ)' refers to 'salary' or 'wages'. It is commonly used in professional or formal contexts to describe the payment an employee receives for their work. This term is often used in business settings, contracts, or official documents. For example: The company pays a high salary「その会社は高い給与を支払う」(そのかいしゃはたかいきゅうよをしはらう). My salary increased this year「今年、給与が上がった」(ことし、きゅうよがあがった). Note that '給与' is a formal term and is typically used in written or official contexts, while '給料 (きゅうりょう)' is a more casual term for salary.
Radical
糸
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
659
Handwriting
kanji
倒Meaning
Topple, Overthrow
Reading
tao
onyomiとうtou
Parts
亻Person (人)到Reach, Arrival
Example Word
圧倒: overwhelm. The Japanese noun '圧倒 (あっとう)' means 'overwhelm'. It refers to a state or action of being overwhelmingly superior or dominant in a particular situation. This word is often used to describe situations where one side has a significant advantage over the other, such as in sports, competitions, or even in emotional contexts. For example: The team's performance was overwhelming「チームのパフォーマンスは圧倒的だった」(チームのパフォーマンスはあっとうてきだった). She was overwhelmed by the beauty of the scenery「彼女は景色の美しさに圧倒された」(かのじょはけしきのうつくしさにあっとうされた). The word can also be used to describe a feeling of being overwhelmed by emotions or circumstances.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
10JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
662
Handwriting
kanji
登Meaning
Ascend
Reading
nobo
onyomiとto
とうtou
Parts
癶Dotted tent 豆Beans
Example Word
登山: mountain climbing. The Japanese verbal noun '登山 (とざん)' refers to the activity of climbing mountains. It is commonly used to describe the act of hiking or climbing mountains as a recreational or sporting activity. For example: I enjoy mountain climbing「私は登山が好きです」(わたしはとざんがすきです). They went mountain climbing last weekend「彼らは先週末に登山に行きました」(かれらはせんしゅうまつにとざんにいきました). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the act of ascending any steep or elevated terrain, not just mountains.
Radical
癶
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
666
Handwriting
kanji
戻Meaning
Return
Reading
modo
onyomiれいrei
Parts
户 大Big
Example Word
取り戻す: recover. The Japanese verb '取り戻す (とりもどす)' means 'to recover' or 'to regain'. It is used when someone retrieves something that was lost, taken, or diminished. This can apply to physical objects, abstract concepts like time or health, or even emotional states. For example: I recovered my lost wallet「なくした財布を取り戻した」(なくしたさいふをとりもどした). She regained her confidence「彼女は自信を取り戻した」(かのじょはじしんをとりもどした). The verb often implies effort or struggle in the process of recovery. It can also be used in contexts like recovering lost time or reclaiming a position or status.
Radical
戶
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
9Frequency
668
Handwriting
kanji
職Meaning
Employment
Reading
shoku
Parts
耳Ear 戠
Example Word
職人: craftsman. The Japanese noun '職人 (しょくにん)' refers to a skilled craftsman or artisan who specializes in a particular trade or craft. This term is often used to describe individuals who have honed their skills through years of practice and dedication, such as carpenters, potters, or blacksmiths. The word carries a connotation of high skill, precision, and tradition. For example: The craftsman made a beautiful vase「職人が美しい花瓶を作りました」(しょくにんがうつくしいかびんをつくりました). He is a master craftsman「彼は職人の達人です」(かれはしょくにんのたつじんです). The term is deeply respected in Japanese culture, often associated with the concept of 'monozukuri' (物作り), which emphasizes the spirit of craftsmanship and the pursuit of perfection.
Radical
耳
Stroke Count
18JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
671
Handwriting
kanji
済Meaning
Finish, Settle
Reading
su
onyomiさいsai
Parts
氵Water (水)斉Uniform, Adjusted
Example Word
済む: end. The Japanese verb '済む (すむ)' primarily means 'to end' or 'to be finished'. It is used to indicate the completion of an action, task, or event. This verb can also imply that something has been resolved or taken care of, often with a sense of relief or finality. For example: The meeting ended「会議が済んだ」(かいぎがすんだ). I finished my homework「宿題が済んだ」(しゅくだいがすんだ). Additionally, '済む' can be used in expressions like '済まない (すまない)', which conveys a sense of apology or regret, meaning 'I'm sorry' or 'I owe you one'. For example: I'm sorry for the trouble「ご迷惑をおかけして済みません」(ごめいわくをおかけしてすみません).
Radical
水
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
674
Handwriting
kanji
陽Meaning
Sunshine
Reading
hi
onyomiようyou
Parts
昜Sunray 阝Mound (阜)
Example Word
太陽: sun. The Japanese noun '太陽 (たいよう)' means 'sun'. It refers to the star at the center of our solar system, which provides light and heat to Earth. This word is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts. For example: The sun is bright today「今日の太陽は明るい」(きょうのたいようはあかるい). The sun rises in the east「太陽は東から昇る」(たいようはひがしからのぼる). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone as a source of light or energy, such as in the phrase '彼は私の太陽 (かれはわたしのたいよう)' (He is my sun).
Radical
阜
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
676
Handwriting
kanji
権Meaning
Rights, Authority
Reading
ken
ごんgon
Parts
木Tree, Wood
Example Word
政権: government. The Japanese noun '政権 (せいけん)' refers to a 'government' or 'political administration'. It specifically denotes the ruling authority or the group in power that governs a country or region. This term is often used in political discussions or news to describe the current administration or regime. For example: The government announced new policies「政権が新しい政策を発表した」(せいけんがあたらしいせいさくをはっぴょうした). The opposition criticized the government「野党が政権 を批判した」(やとうがせいけんをひはんした). The term can also imply the authority or control held by a political party or leader.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
15JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
682
Handwriting
kanji
寒Meaning
Cold
Reading
samu
onyomiかんkan
Parts
宀Roof 共Together 一One 冫Ice (水)
Example Word
寒気: chill. The Japanese noun '寒気 (さむけ)' refers to a feeling of coldness or a chill, often associated with the onset of a fever or illness. It can also describe a shiver or a sensation of cold that runs through the body. For example: I feel a chill「寒気がする」(さむけがする). She has a chill and might be getting sick「彼女は寒気がして、病気になりそうだ」(かのじょはさむけがして、びょうきになりそうだ). This word is commonly used in medical contexts to describe symptoms of colds or flu.
Radical
宀
Stroke Count
12JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
685
Handwriting
kanji
育Meaning
Raise, Grow
Reading
soda
はぐくhaguku
onyomiいくiku
Parts
月Moon, Month 𠫓Child
Example Word
育てる: raise. The Japanese verb '育てる (そだてる)' means 'to raise' or 'to bring up'. It is commonly used to describe the act of nurturing or raising living things, such as children, animals, or plants. For example: I raised this child「この子を育てた」(このこをそだてた). She is raising flowers in her garden「彼女は庭で花を育てている」(かのじょはにわではなをそだてている). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe fostering or developing skills, talents, or ideas. For instance: He is raising his skills in programming「彼はプログラミングのスキルを育てている」(かれはぷろぐらみんぐのすきるをそだてている).
Radical
肉
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
686
Handwriting
kanji
演Meaning
Perform
Reading
en
Parts
氵Water (水)寅
Example Word
演劇: theater. The Japanese noun '演劇 (えんげき)' refers to 'theater' or 'drama' as a performing art. It encompasses plays, stage performances, and theatrical productions. This term is used to describe both the art form itself and the performances. For example: I enjoy watching theater「私は演劇を見るのが好きです」(わたしはえんげきをみるのがすきです). She is studying theater at university「彼女は大学で演劇を勉強しています」(かのじょはだいがくでえんげきをべんきょうしています). The word can also refer to the broader concept of dramatic arts, including acting, directing, and stagecraft.
Radical
水
Stroke Count
14JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
689
Handwriting
kanji
任Meaning
Duty, Responsibility
Reading
maka
onyomiにんnin
Parts
亻Person (人)壬
Example Word
担任: charge or homeroom. The Japanese verbal noun '担任 (たんにん)' refers to the role or responsibility of being in charge of a class or group, often used in educational contexts. It can mean 'homeroom teacher' when referring to a person, or 'charge' when referring to the responsibility itself. For example: She is our homeroom teacher「彼女は私たちの担任です」(かのじょはわたしたちのたんにんです). He is in charge of this class「彼はこのクラスの担任です」(かれはこのクラスのたんにんです). The term emphasizes the responsibility of overseeing and guiding a specific group, particularly in schools.
Radical
人
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
690
Handwriting
kanji
務Meaning
Duty, Task
Reading
tsuto
onyomiむmu
Parts
矛Halberd 务
Example Word
事務: office work. The Japanese noun '事務 (じむ)' refers to 'office work' or 'administrative tasks'. It is commonly used to describe tasks related to managing paperwork, organizing schedules, or handling general administrative duties in an office setting. For example: I handle office work「私は事務を担当しています」(わたしはじむをたんとうしています). Office work is busy today「今日は事務が忙しい」(きょうはじむがいそがしい). This word is often used in professional contexts and can be combined with other words to form compound nouns, such as '事務所 (じむしょ)' (office) or '事務員 (じむいん)' (office worker).
Radical
力
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
709
Handwriting
kanji
婚Meaning
Marriage
Reading
kon
Parts
女Woman 昏
Example Word
婚約: engagement. The Japanese verbal noun '婚約 (こんやく)' refers to the state of being engaged to be married. It is used to describe the formal agreement or promise to marry someone. This term is often used in formal contexts, such as announcing an engagement or discussing marriage plans. For example: They announced their engagement「彼らは婚約を発表した」(かれらはこんやくをはっぴょうした). She broke off her engagement「彼女は婚約を解消した」(かのじょはこんやくをかいしょうした). The word can also be used in compound terms like '婚約指輪 (こんやくゆびわ)' (engagement ring).
Radical
女
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
710
Handwriting
kanji
因Meaning
Cause
Reading
yo
onyomiいんin
Parts
口Mouth 大Big
Example Word
因み: reference. The Japanese noun '因み (ちなみ)' is used to introduce additional information or a related fact, often as an aside or a footnote to the main topic. It is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to provide context or background information. For example: By the way, he is also a musician「因みに、彼はミュージシャンでもあります」(ちなみに、かれはミュージシャンでもあります). As a reference, this book was published last year「因みに、この本は去年出版されました」(ちなみに、このほんはきょねんしゅっぱんされました). The word is often used with the particle 'に' to form '因みに (ちなみに)', which functions similarly to 'by the way' or 'for your information' in English.
Radical
囗
Stroke Count
6JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
717
Handwriting
kanji
易Meaning
Easy
Reading
yasa
onyomiえきeki
いi
Parts
日Day, Sun 勿Must not
Example Word
貿易: trade. The Japanese verbal noun '貿易 (ぼうえき)' refers to 'trade', specifically the exchange of goods and services between countries or regions. It is commonly used in contexts related to international commerce, economics, and business. For example: Japan trades with many countries「日本は多くの国と貿易をしている」(にほんはおおくのくにとぼうえきをしている). International trade is important for the economy「国際貿易は経済にとって重要だ」(こくさいぼうえきはけいざいにとってじゅうようだ). The term can also be used in compound words like '貿易会社 (ぼうえきがいしゃ)' (trading company) or '貿易赤字 (ぼうえきあかじ)' (trade deficit).
Radical
日
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
718
Handwriting
kanji
怒Meaning
Anger, Angry
Reading
oko
いかika
onyomiどdo
Parts
奴Servant, Dude 心Heart
Example Word
怒る: angry. The Japanese verb '怒る (おこる)' means 'to be angry' or 'to get angry'. It is used to describe the emotional state of anger or irritation. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as when someone is upset with another person's actions or behavior. For example: he got angry at me「彼は私に怒った」(かれはわたしにおこった). Don't get angry「怒らないで」(おこらないで). It's important to note that '怒る' can also imply a sense of scolding or reprimanding someone, as in '彼は子供に怒った (かれはこどもにおこった) (he scolded the child)'. The nuance can vary depending on the context, but the core meaning revolves around anger or irritation.
Radical
心
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
719
Handwriting
kanji
積Meaning
Accumulate
Reading
tsu
onyomiせきseki
Parts
禾Cereal 責Blame, Liability
Example Word
面積: area. The Japanese noun '面積 (めんせき)' refers to the 'area' of a surface or a two-dimensional space. It is commonly used in mathematical, geographical, and everyday contexts to describe the size of a space, such as land, rooms, or objects. For example: The area of this room is 20 square meters「この部屋の面積は20平方メートルです」(このへやのめんせきは20へいほうメートルです). The area of the park is large「公園の面積は広いです」(こうえんのめんせきはひろいです). This word is often used in technical or formal contexts, but it can also appear in casual conversations when discussing space or size.
Radical
禾
Stroke Count
16JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
725
Handwriting
kanji
訪Meaning
Visit
Reading
tazu
おとずotozu
onyomiほうhou
Parts
言Say 方Direction
Example Word
訪れる: visit. The Japanese verb '訪れる (おとずれる)' means 'to visit'. It is used to describe the act of going to a place, often with a sense of formality or significance. This verb can be used for visiting people, places, or even abstract concepts like seasons or events. For example: I visited my friend's house「友達の家を訪れた」(ともだちのいえをおとずれた). Spring has arrived「春が訪れた」(はるがおとずれた). Note that '訪れる' often carries a slightly more formal or poetic tone compared to the more casual '行く (いく)' or '訪ねる (たずねる)'.
Radical
言
Stroke Count
11JLPT
N3Grade
6Frequency
726
Handwriting
kanji
束Meaning
Bundle, Bind
Reading
taba
onyomiそくsoku
Parts
木Tree, Wood 口Mouth
Example Word
花束: bouquet. The Japanese noun '花束 (はなたば)' refers to a 'bouquet' of flowers. It is commonly used to describe a collection of flowers arranged together, often given as a gift for special occasions such as weddings, anniversaries, or celebrations. For example: She received a beautiful bouquet「彼女は美しい花束をもらった」(かのじょはうつくしいはなたばをもらった). I bought a bouquet for my mother「母に花束を買った」(ははにはなたばをかった). The word emphasizes the arrangement and presentation of flowers, often tied together or placed in a decorative manner.
Radical
木
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
4Frequency
729
Handwriting
kanji
制Meaning
System, Control
Reading
sei
Parts
刂Sword (刀)牛Cow 巾Towel
Example Word
制度: system. The Japanese noun '制度 (せいど)' refers to a 'system' or 'institution'. It is used to describe established systems, rules, or frameworks that govern a particular area, such as social, legal, or organizational systems. For example: the education system「教育制度」(きょういくせいど). The company introduced a new system「会社は新しい制度を導入した」(かいしゃはあたらしいせいどをどうにゅうした). This word is often used in formal or administrative contexts to describe structured and organized systems.
Radical
刀
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
730
Handwriting
kanji
局Meaning
Bureau
Reading
tsubone
onyomiきょくkyoku
Parts
尸Corpse 句Phrase, Paragraph
Example Word
結局: after all. The Japanese adverb '結局 (けっきょく)' means 'after all' or 'in the end'. It is used to indicate the final outcome or conclusion of a situation, often after considering various possibilities or events. This word is commonly used to summarize or reflect on the result of a process or series of actions. For example: After all, we decided not to go「結局、行かないことにした」(けっきょく、いかないことにした). In the end, it was a waste of time「結局、時間の無駄だった」(けっき ょく、じかんのむだだった). It can also imply a sense of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.
Radical
尸
Stroke Count
7JLPT
N3Grade
3Frequency
734
Handwriting
kanji
祖Meaning
Ancestor
Reading
so
Parts
礻Cult (示)且Moreover, Also
Example Word
祖母: grandmother. The Japanese noun '祖母 (そぼ)' refers to one's grandmother, specifically the mother of one's father or mother. It is a formal and respectful term used to refer to one's grandmother in various contexts. For example: My grandmother is kind「私の祖母は優しい」(わたしのそぼはやさしい). I visited my grandmother「祖母を訪ねた」(そぼをたずねた). The term is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese, and it carries a sense of respect and affection. It is important to note that '祖母' is used specifically for one's own grandmother, and not for someone else's grandmother, for which the term 'おばあさん' might be more appropriate.
Radical
示
Stroke Count
9JLPT
N3Grade
5Frequency
737
Handwriting
kanji
怖Meaning
Fearful, Dreadful
Reading
kowa
onyomiふfu
Parts
忄 布Cloth, Linen
Example Word
怖がる: fear. The Japanese verb '怖がる (こわがる)' means 'to fear' or 'to be afraid'. It is used to describe the act of feeling fear or being scared of something. This verb often implies a visible or noticeable reaction to fear, such as trembling or avoiding the feared object. For example: The child is afraid of the dark「子供は暗闇を怖がる」(こどもはくらやみをこわがる). She is scared of dogs「彼女は犬を怖がる」(かのじょはいぬをこわがる). The verb can also be used to describe someone who is generally fearful or easily frightened, as in 'He is a fearful person'「彼は怖がりだ」(かれはこわがりだ).
Radical
心
Stroke Count
8JLPT
N3Grade
7Frequency
744
Handwriting