kanji

Meaning

Matter, Affair

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)牛Cow

Example Word

条件: condition. The Japanese noun '条件 (じょうけん)' means 'condition'. It refers to a requirement, stipulation, or prerequisite that must be met for something to happen or be valid. This word is commonly used in contexts such as contracts, agreements, or when setting rules. For example: The condition for approval is hard work「承認の条件は努力です」(しょうにんのじょうけんはどりょくです). We agreed on the terms and conditions「私たちは条件に合意しました」(わたしたちはじょうけんにごういしました). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as discussing conditions for a job or a relationship.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

467

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

City, Market

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 巾Towel

Example Word

市販: retail. The Japanese noun '市販 (しはん)' refers to products or goods that are sold commercially, typically in retail stores or through general distribution channels. It is often used to describe items that are widely available to the public, as opposed to custom-made or specialized products. For example: This medicine is available over-the-counter「この薬は市販されています」(このくすりはしはんされています). I bought a retail version of the software「市販のソフトウェアを買いました」(しはんのソフトウェアをかいました). The term can also imply that something is mass-produced and accessible to the general consumer market.

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

468

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Person in charge, Connection

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)系Lineage

Example Word

関係: relation. The Japanese verbal noun '関係 (かんけい)' means 'relation' or 'connection'. It is used to describe the relationship or connection between two or more things, people, or concepts. This word is often used in both formal and informal contexts to discuss relationships, whether they are personal, professional, or abstract. For example: There is no relation between the two events「その二つの出来事には関係がない」(そのふたつのできごとにはかんけいがない). I have a good relationship with my boss「私は上司と良い関係を持っている」(わたしはじょうしとよいかんけいをもっている). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '人間関係 (にんげんかんけい)' (human relationships) or '因果関係 (いんがかんけい)' (causal relationship).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

469

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mix

Reading

Parts

亠Lid 父Father

Example Word

交通費: transportation cost. The Japanese noun '交通費 (こうつうひ)' refers to the cost or expenses related to transportation. This term is commonly used in contexts such as business trips, commuting, or any situation where transportation costs are incurred and reimbursed. For example: The company will cover my transportation costs「会社が私の交通費を負担します」(かいしゃがわたしのこうつうひをふたんします). Please submit your transportation expenses by the end of the month「月末までに交通費を提出してください」(げつまつまでにこうつうひをていしゅつしてください).

Radical

亠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

470

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Work

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)動Move

Example Word

働き: work or function. The Japanese noun '働き (はたらき)' can mean 'work' or 'function'. When referring to 'work', it often describes the act of working or labor, such as in a job or physical effort. For example: His work is important「彼の働きは重要だ」(かれのはたらきはじゅうようだ). When referring to 'function', it describes the role or operation of something, such as a machine or a body part. For example: The function of the heart is to pump blood「心臓の働きは血液を送ることだ」(しんぞうのはたらきはけつえきをおくることだ). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and abstract contexts.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

471

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Section, Department

Reading

Parts

斗Ladle, Dipper 禾Cereal

Example Word

外科: surgery. The Japanese noun '外科 (げか)' refers to the medical field of surgery or the surgical department in a hospital. It is used to describe the branch of medicine that involves operative procedures to treat diseases, injuries, or deformities. For example: He works in the surgery department「彼は外科で働いています」(かれはげかではたらいています). I need to visit the surgery department「外科に行く必要があります」(げかにいくひつようがあります). This term is commonly used in medical contexts and is distinct from other medical fields like internal medicine (内科, ないか).

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

473

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Discuss

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)炎Flame, Blaze

Example Word

対談: dialogue. The Japanese verbal noun '対談 (たいだん)' refers to a formal or structured conversation, typically between two people, often experts or notable figures, discussing a specific topic. It is commonly used in contexts such as interviews, discussions, or public talks. For example: The dialogue between the two authors was insightful「二人の作家の対談は興味深かった」(ふたりのさっかのたいだんはきょうみぶかかった). They held a dialogue about environmental issues「彼らは環境問題について対談した」(かれらはかんきょうもんだいについてたいだんした). The term emphasizes a two-way exchange of ideas rather than a one-sided conversation.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

475

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Window

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 厶Private 心Heart

Example Word

窓: window. The Japanese noun '窓 (まど)' means 'window'. This word refers to an opening in a wall or door that allows light and air to enter and provides a view of the outside. It is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to windows in buildings, vehicles, or other structures. For example: Please close the window「窓を閉めてください」(まどをしめてください). The window is open「窓が開いている」(まどがあいている). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a 'window of opportunity' or a 'window into someone's thoughts'.

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

478

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Music, Bend

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 丨Stick

Example Word

作曲: composition. The Japanese verbal noun '作曲 (さっきょく)' refers to the act of composing music. It is used to describe the process of creating musical pieces, whether they are songs, symphonies, or other forms of music. This term is often used in contexts related to music production, education, and appreciation. For example: He is famous for his composition「彼は作曲で有名です」(かれはさっきょくでゆうめいです). I enjoy composing music in my free time「私は暇な時に作曲を楽しみます」(わたしはひまなときにさっきょくをたのしみます). The word can also be used in compound forms, such as '作曲家 (さっきょくか)' which means 'composer'.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

479

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give birth

Reading

Parts

生Life 产

Example Word

遺産: inheritance. The Japanese noun '遺産 (いさん)' primarily refers to 'inheritance' or 'legacy'. It is commonly used in legal and personal contexts to denote property, money, or assets left behind by someone after their death. It can also refer to cultural or historical legacies. For example: he received a large inheritance「彼は大きな遺産を受け取った」(かれはおおきないさんをうけとった). This temple is a cultural heritage「この寺は文化遺産です」(このてらはぶんかいさんです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe intangible legacies, such as knowledge or traditions passed down through generations.

Radical

生

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

482

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Abdomen

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 复

Example Word

御腹: stomach. The Japanese noun '御腹 (おなか)' means 'stomach'. This word is commonly used to refer to the physical stomach or abdomen area of a person or animal. It can also be used more generally to talk about hunger or the state of one's stomach. For example: my stomach is full「私の御腹はいっぱいです」(わたしのおなかはいっぱいです). I have a stomach ache「御腹が痛いです」(おなかがいたいです). The term is polite and often used in everyday conversation. It is important to note that '御腹' is a more formal or polite version of '腹 (はら)', which also means 'stomach' but is less formal.

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

483

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Participate

Reading

Parts

厶Private 彡Fur 大Big

Example Word

参る: come or go. The Japanese verb '参る (まいる)' is a humble form of '行く (いく)' (to go) or '来る (くる)' (to come). It is used to express the speaker's movement to or from a place in a respectful or humble manner, often when referring to oneself in relation to someone of higher status. For example: I will go to the temple「お寺に参ります」(おてらにまいります). He came to the meeting「彼は会議に参りました」(かれはかいぎにまいりました). Additionally, '参る' can also mean to be overwhelmed or defeated, as in: I am at my limit「参りました」(まいりました). This usage conveys a sense of surrender or being overcome by a situation.

Radical

厶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

485

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Certain

Reading

Parts

石Stone 隹Bird

Example Word

確かめる: confirm. The Japanese verb '確かめる (たしかめる)' means 'to confirm' or 'to verify'. It is used when you want to make sure of something, check the accuracy of information, or ensure that something is correct. This verb is often used in situations where you need to double-check facts, details, or the status of something. For example: I confirmed the meeting time「会議の時間を確かめた」(かいぎのじかんをたしかめた). Please confirm the address「住所を確かめてください」(じゅうしょをたしかめてください). The verb can also imply a sense of reassurance or certainty, as in 'I wanted to confirm that everything was okay'「すべてが大丈夫だと確かめたかった」(すべてがだいじょうぶだとたしかめたかった).

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

488

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Association, Group

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 且Moreover, Also

Example Word

組織: organization. The Japanese verbal noun '組織 (そしき)' primarily means 'organization'. It refers to a structured group of people working together towards a common goal, such as a company, institution, or association. It can also refer to the act of organizing or structuring something. For example: The organization is growing「組織が成長している」(そしきがせいちょうしている). He is in charge of organizing the event「彼はイベントの組織を担当している」(かれはイベントのそしきをたんとうしている). Additionally, in a biological context, '組織' can refer to 'tissue', such as in the human body. For example: This tissue is damaged「この組織は損傷している」(このそしきはそんしょうしている).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

489

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Government, Bureaucrat

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 㠯Terraced hill

Example Word

長官: chief. The Japanese noun '長官 (ちょうかん)' refers to a high-ranking official or chief, typically in a government or organizational context. It is often used to denote someone in a leadership or administrative position, such as the head of a ministry or department. For example: The chief of the police department「警察庁の長官」(けいさつちょうのちょうかん). The minister is the chief of the ministry「大臣は省の長官です」(だいじんはしょうのちょうかんです). This term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in official or bureaucratic settings.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

490

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rejoice

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 壴

Example Word

喜劇: comedy. The Japanese noun '喜劇 (きげき)' means 'comedy'. It refers to a genre of entertainment, such as plays, movies, or performances, that is intended to make people laugh. It is often used in contrast to '悲劇 (ひげき)' (tragedy). For example: I enjoy watching comedies「私は喜劇を見るのが好きです」(わたしはきげきをみるのがすきです). This play is a comedy「この劇は喜劇です」(このげきはきげきです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe situations that are amusing or absurd.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

492

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Permit, Allow

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)午Noon

Example Word

許可: permission. The Japanese verbal noun '許可 (きょか)' means 'permission'. It refers to the act of allowing someone to do something or granting approval for an action. This word is commonly used in formal or official contexts, such as requesting permission from authorities or superiors. For example: I need permission to enter「入る許可が必要です」(はいるきょかがひつようです). Did you get permission to leave early?「早退の許可をもらいましたか？」(そうたいのきょかをもらいましたか？). It can also be used in everyday situations, such as asking for permission to borrow something: Can I have permission to use your pen?「あなたのペンを使う許可をもらえますか？」(あなたのペンをつかうきょかをもらえますか？).

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

499

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Old times

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 龷Twenty (廿)

Example Word

昔: past. The Japanese noun '昔 (むかし)' refers to 'the past' or 'olden times'. It is used to describe a time long ago, often with a nostalgic or historical connotation. This word is commonly used in storytelling or when reminiscing about earlier days. For example: In the past, this town was very quiet「昔、この町はとても静かだった」(むかし、このまちはとてもしずかだった). Long ago, people used to travel by horse「昔、人々は馬で旅をした」(むかし、ひとびとはうまでたびをした). The word '昔' can also be used in expressions like '昔話 (むかしばなし)', which means 'old tale' or 'folktale'.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

501

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Engrave

Reading

Parts

亥 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

時刻: time. The Japanese noun '時刻 (じこく)' refers to a specific point in time or the exact time of an event. It is often used in formal contexts or when precision regarding time is necessary. For example: What time is it now?「今の時刻は何時ですか？」(いまのじこくはなんじですか？). The train departs at 8:00 sharp「電車は8時ちょうどに発車します」(でんしゃは8じちょうどにはっしゃします). This word is commonly seen in schedules, announcements, and formal settings where exact timing is important.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

503

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Full

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)卄 両Both

Example Word

満点: perfect score. The Japanese noun '満点 (まんてん)' means 'perfect score.' It is used to describe achieving the highest possible mark or rating, often in tests, exams, or assessments. It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that is considered perfect or flawless. For example: She got a perfect score on the test 「彼女はテストで満点を取った」 (かのじょはテストでまんてんをとった). This dish is perfect 「この料理は満点だ」 (このりょうりはまんてんだ). The word can also be used to describe a feeling of complete satisfaction, as in the phrase '満点の笑顔 (まんてんのえがお),' which means 'a beaming, perfect smile.'

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

506

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Form, Condition

Reading

Parts

丬 犬Dog

Example Word

年賀状: new years card. The Japanese noun '年賀状 (ねんがじょう)' refers to a 'New Year's card'. These are special greeting cards sent to friends, family, and colleagues to celebrate the New Year. They often feature traditional designs, such as the zodiac animal of the year, and include messages of good fortune and health. Example sentences: I sent a New Year's card to my friend「友達に年賀状を送りました」(ともだちにねんがじょうをおくりました). Did you receive a New Year's card?「年賀状をもらいましたか？」(ねんがじょうをもらいましたか？).

Radical

犬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

507

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Time, Period

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 其That

Example Word

末期: end. The Japanese noun '末期 (まっき)' refers to the 'end' or 'final stage' of something, often implying the last phase of a period, era, or condition. It is commonly used in contexts such as the end of an era, the final stage of a disease, or the closing phase of a historical period. For example: the final stage of the disease「病気の末期」(びょうきのまっき). The end of the Edo period「江戸時代の末期」(えどじだいのまっき). This word carries a nuance of inevitability and often suggests a critical or irreversible state.

Radical

月

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

511

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breathe out, Blow

Reading

Parts

囗Box 欠Lack

Example Word

吹く: blow. The Japanese verb '吹く (ふく)' primarily means 'to blow'. This verb is used to describe the action of air or wind moving, such as 'the wind is blowing'「風が吹く」(かぜがふく). It can also be used metaphorically or in other contexts, such as blowing a musical instrument like a flute 'flute is blowing'「フルートを吹く」(ふるーとをふく). Additionally, '吹く' can be used to describe something that suddenly appears or occurs, like a rash or a rumor, though this usage is less common. For example: a rumor is spreading「噂が吹く」(うわさがふく).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

512

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Search

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)罙Deep

Example Word

探す: search. The Japanese verb '探す (さがす)' means 'to search' or 'to look for'. It is used when someone is trying to find something that is lost, missing, or not immediately visible. This verb can be applied to both physical objects and abstract concepts, such as searching for a person, an item, or even an opportunity. For example: I am searching for my keys「鍵を探しています」(かぎをさがしています). He is looking for a job「彼は仕事を探しています」(かれはしごとをさがしています). The verb can also imply a sense of effort or persistence in the search, as in '探し続ける (さがしつづける) (to continue searching)'. It is important to note that '探す' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being searched for.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

514

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trouble, Distress

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 囗Box

Example Word

困難: difficulty. The Japanese verbal noun '困難 (こんなん)' means 'difficulty'. It refers to a state of being hard to accomplish, deal with, or overcome. This word is often used to describe challenging situations, problems, or obstacles. For example: overcoming difficulties「困難を乗り越える」(こんなんをのりこえる). The difficulty of the task「その課題の困難」(そのかだいのこんなん). It can also be used in phrases like 'financial difficulties'「財政困難」(ざいせいこんなん). Note that '困難' is a noun and is often used in formal or serious contexts.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

515

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Livelihood

Reading

Parts

莫 日Day, Sun

Example Word

暮れ: dusk. The Japanese noun '暮れ (くれ)' refers to the time of day when the sun is setting and it is becoming dark, commonly translated as 'dusk' or 'evening'. It is often used to describe the period at the end of the day, but can also metaphorically refer to the end of a season or period in life. For example: The sky at dusk is beautiful「暮れの空は美しい」(くれのそらはうつくしい). The year is coming to an end「年の暮れが近づいている」(としのくれがちかづいている).

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

516

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Style, Ceremony

Reading

Parts

工Construction 弋Ceremony

Example Word

儀式: ceremony. The Japanese noun '儀式 (ぎしき)' refers to a formal event or ritual, often with a set of traditional or religious procedures. It is commonly used to describe events like weddings, funerals, or other significant cultural or religious gatherings. For example: The wedding ceremony was beautiful「結婚式の儀式は美しかった」(けっこんしきのぎしきはうつくしかった). They performed a traditional tea ceremony「彼らは伝統的な茶道の儀式を行った」(かれらはでんとうてきなさどうのぎしきをおこなった). The word emphasizes the structured and formal nature of such events, often involving specific customs or traditions.

Radical

弋

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

524

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pluck, Extract

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)友Friend

Example Word

栓抜き: bottle opener. The Japanese noun '栓抜き (せんぬき)' refers to a 'bottle opener', a tool used to remove caps or corks from bottles. It is commonly used in everyday situations, such as opening beer or soda bottles. For example: I need a bottle opener to open this beer「このビールを開けるために栓抜きが必要です」(このビールをあけるためにせんぬきがひつようです). He bought a new bottle opener「彼は新しい栓抜きを買いました」(かれはあたらしいせんぬきをかいました). The word is a combination of '栓 (せん)', meaning 'stopper' or 'cork', and '抜き (ぬき)', meaning 'removal'.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

526

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Tool

Reading

Parts

目Eye 兀Lofty

Example Word

具: tool or ingredient. The Japanese suffix '具 (ぐ)' has two distinct meanings depending on the context. The first meaning is 'tool', referring to an instrument or device used to carry out a particular function. For example: cooking tools「調理具」(ちょうりぐ). The second meaning is 'ingredient', referring to a component used in cooking or preparing something. For example: ingredients for soup「スープの具」(スープのぐ). It's important to note that this suffix is often attached to other words to specify the type of tool or ingredient being referred to.

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

528

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Renew, Grow late

Reading

Parts

曰

Example Word

更に: moreover or further. The Japanese adverb '更に (さらに)' has two primary meanings. First, it can mean 'further' or 'in addition,' indicating an increase in degree, quantity, or intensity. For example: He studied further to improve his skills「彼はさらに勉強してスキルを向上させた」(かれはさらにべんきょうしてスキルをこうじょうさせた). Second, it can mean 'moreover' or 'furthermore,' used to introduce additional information or emphasize a point. For example: Moreover, the weather was terrible「さらに、天気はひどかった」(さらに、てんきはひどかった). This adverb is versatile and often used in both formal and informal contexts to add emphasis or provide additional details.

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

533

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Miscellaneous

Reading

Parts

杂 隹Bird

Example Word

雑誌: magazine. The Japanese noun '雑誌 (ざっし)' refers to a 'magazine', which is a periodical publication containing articles, photographs, and advertisements. It is commonly used to describe both print and digital magazines. For example: I bought a fashion magazine「ファッション雑誌を買いました」(ふぁっしょんざっしをかいました). This magazine is interesting「この雑誌は面白い」(このざっしはおもしろい). The word is often used in contexts related to reading, publishing, or media.

Radical

隹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

534

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beginning, Together

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 者Someone

Example Word

内緒: secret. The Japanese noun '内緒 (ないしょ)' means 'secret'. It refers to information that is deliberately kept hidden or not disclosed to others. This word is often used in casual conversations to indicate that something should not be shared. For example: This is a secret, so don't tell anyone「これは内緒だから、誰にも言わないで」(これはないしょだから、だれにもいわないで). I'll tell you a secret「内緒の話を教えるね」(ないしょのはなしをおしえるね). The term can also imply confidentiality in relationships or agreements, such as keeping a surprise party a secret from someone.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

537

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hug, Embrace

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)包Wrap

Example Word

抱き締める: hug. The Japanese verb '抱き締める (だきしめる)' means 'to hug tightly' or 'to embrace firmly'. It conveys a sense of holding someone or something closely, often with strong emotion such as love, comfort, or relief. This verb is commonly used in situations where the act of hugging is more intense or heartfelt than a casual hug. For example: She hugged her child tightly「彼女は子供を抱き締めた」(かのじょはこどもをだきしめた). He hugged his friend tightly after a long time「彼は久しぶりに友達を抱き締めた」(かれはひさしぶりにともだちをだきしめた). The verb emphasizes the physical and emotional closeness of the action.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

543

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cold

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)令Orders

Example Word

冷たい: cold. The Japanese adjective '冷たい (つめたい)' primarily means 'cold' and is used to describe something that has a low temperature, such as cold water or cold weather. It can also describe a person's attitude or behavior as being emotionally cold or distant. For example: The water is cold「水が冷たい」(みずがつめたい). She gave me a cold look「彼女は冷たい目をした」(かのじょはつめたいめをした). This word is commonly used in everyday conversations to describe both physical and emotional coldness.

Radical

冫

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

544

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Doubt, Suspect

Reading

Example Word

疑わしい: suspicious or doubtful. The Japanese adjective '疑わしい (うたがわしい)' can mean either 'doubtful' or 'suspicious', depending on the context. It is used to describe something that is uncertain, questionable, or raises doubts. It can also imply suspicion about someone's actions or intentions. For example: His story sounds doubtful「彼の話は疑わしい」(かれのはなしはうたがわしい). Her behavior seems suspicious「彼女の行動は疑わしい」(かのじょのこうどうはうたがわしい). This word is often used in situations where there is a lack of trust or clarity.

Radical

疋

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

546

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Difference

Reading

Parts

左Left 羊Sheep

Example Word

差し出す: offer. The Japanese verb '差し出す (さしだす)' primarily means 'to offer' or 'to present something by extending it towards someone. It is often used in contexts where something is handed over or extended, such as offering a document, a hand, or an item. For example: He offered his business card「彼は名刺を差し出した」(かれはめいしをさしだした). She offered her hand to help him up「彼女は手を差し出して彼を助けた」(かのじょはてをさしだしてかれをたすけた). The verb can also imply a sense of giving or presenting something formally or politely. Note that the action typically involves physically extending something towards another person.

Radical

工

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

547

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

End

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

始末: management or conclusion. The Japanese noun '始末 (しまつ)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'management', referring to the handling or dealing with a situation, often implying careful or efficient handling. For example: He is good at managing household affairs「彼は家事の始末が上手だ」(かれはかじのしまつがじょうずだ). The second meaning is 'conclusion' or 'end result', often used to describe the outcome or resolution of a situation. For example: This is the result of his carelessness「これが彼の不注意の始末だ」(これがかれのふちゅういのしまつだ). The word can carry a nuance of finality or responsibility, depending on the context.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

551

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Guess

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 祭Ritual

Example Word

警察: police. The Japanese noun '警察 (けいさつ)' refers to the police or law enforcement. It is used to describe the organization responsible for maintaining public order and safety, as well as enforcing laws. For example: The police arrived quickly「警察がすぐに来た」(けいさつがすぐにきた). I reported it to the police「警察に報告した」(けいさつにほうこくした). This term is commonly used in contexts involving crime, safety, and legal matters.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

553

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Simple, Single

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 日Day, Sun 十Ten

Example Word

単独: alone or independent. The Japanese adjectival noun '単独 (たんどく)' means 'alone' or 'independent'. It is used to describe something or someone that is acting or existing without assistance or accompaniment. This word can be applied to various contexts, such as actions, decisions, or states of being. For example: He went on a solo trip「彼は単独で旅行に行った」(かれはたんどくでりょこうにいった). The company operates independently「その会社は単独で運営されている」(そのかいしゃはたんどくでうんえいされている). Note that '単独' often carries a nuance of self-sufficiency or lack of external support.

Radical

十

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

554

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Way, Route

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 余Excess

Example Word

用途: use. The Japanese noun '用途 (ようと)' refers to the purpose or intended use of something. It is commonly used to describe the function or application of an object, tool, or resource. For example: This machine has various uses「この機械は用途が広い」(このきかいはようとがひろい). The use of this material is limited「この材料の用途は限られている」(このざいりょうのようとはかぎられている). The word often appears in technical or practical contexts, emphasizing the specific function or role of an item.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

555

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Structure, Care

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 冓

Example Word

構える: prepare or assume. The Japanese verb '構える (かまえる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to prepare' or 'to set up,' often used in contexts where someone is getting ready for something, such as preparing a stance or setting up equipment. For example: He prepared his camera「彼はカメラを構えた」(かれはカメラをかまえた). The second meaning is 'to assume' or 'to adopt,' often used when someone takes on a particular attitude or posture. For example: She assumed a defensive stance「彼女は防御の姿勢を構えた」(かのじょはぼうぎょのしせいをかまえた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both physical and metaphorical contexts.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

557

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pain

Reading

Parts

疒Sick 甬Path

Example Word

痛む: hurt. The Japanese verb '痛む (いたむ)' means 'to hurt' or 'to feel pain'. It is used to describe physical pain, emotional pain, or even the deterioration of objects. For example: my head hurts「頭が痛む」(あたまがいたむ). Her heart ached when she heard the news「その知らせを聞いて、彼女の心が痛んだ」(そのしらせをきいて、かのじょのこころがいたんだ). The old book is deteriorating「古い本が痛んでいる」(ふるいほんがいたんでいる). This verb can be used for both animate and inanimate subjects, making it versatile in describing various types of pain or damage.

Radical

疒

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

559

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Seek

Reading

Parts

水Water

Example Word

要求: demand. The Japanese verbal noun '要求 (ようきゅう)' means 'demand'. It refers to a strong request or claim for something, often implying that the request is backed by authority, necessity, or urgency. This term is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as business negotiations, legal settings, or customer service. For example: The workers made a demand for higher wages「労働者たちは賃金の引き上げを要求した」(ろうどうしゃたちはちんぎんのひきあげをようきゅうした). The customer demanded a refund「客は返金を要求した」(きゃくはへんきんをようきゅうした). Note that '要求' can also imply a sense of entitlement or insistence, depending on the context.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

562

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Scene

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 京Capital

Example Word

景気: economy or mood. The Japanese noun '景気 (けいき)' has two primary meanings. The first and most common meaning refers to the state of the economy, such as economic conditions or business climate. For example: The economy is booming「景気がいい」(けいきがいい). The second meaning refers to a person's mood or spirit, often used in a more casual or colloquial context. For example: He's in high spirits today「彼は今日景気がいい」(かれはきょうけいきがいい). The word is versatile and context-dependent, so it's important to pay attention to the surrounding words to determine which meaning is intended.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

563

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Announce

Reading

Parts

⺧Cow 口Mouth

Example Word

忠告: advice. The Japanese verbal noun '忠告 (ちゅうこく)' means 'advice'. It refers to counsel or recommendations given to someone, often with the intention of helping them avoid mistakes or improve their situation. This word carries a formal tone and is typically used in serious or important contexts. For example: I gave him advice「彼に忠告をした」(かれにちゅうこくをした). She ignored my advice「彼女は私の忠告を無視した」(かのじょはわたしのちゅうこくをむしした). It is important to note that '忠告' often implies a sense of sincerity or earnestness in the advice being given.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

564

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rice

Reading

Parts

丷Divide 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

日米: Japan United States. The Japanese noun '日米 (にちべい)' refers to the relationship or matters involving both Japan and the United States. It is a compound word combining '日' (にち), meaning 'Japan', and '米' (べい), meaning 'America' or 'US'. This term is often used in contexts discussing diplomatic relations, trade agreements, cultural exchanges, or comparative studies between the two countries. For example: The Japan-US relationship is strong「日米関係は強い」(にちべいかんけいはつよい). The Japan-US trade agreement was signed「日米貿易協定が調印された」(にちべいぼうえききょうていがちょういんされた).

Radical

米

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

565

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Break, Tear

Reading

Parts

石Stone 皮Skin

Example Word

破る: tear. The Japanese verb '破る (やぶる)' primarily means 'to tear'. It is used when referring to the action of ripping or tearing something apart, such as paper or fabric. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe breaking rules, promises, or records. For example: I tore the paper「紙を破った」(かみをやぶった). He broke the promise「彼は約束を破った」(かれはやくそくをやぶった). The athlete broke the world record「その選手は世界記録を破った」(そのせんしゅはせかいきろくをやぶった). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

566

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Scatter

Reading

Parts

攵Strike 月Moon, Month

Example Word

散歩: walk. The Japanese verbal noun '散歩 (さんぽ)' means 'walk' or 'stroll'. It refers to the act of walking leisurely, often for relaxation, exercise, or enjoyment. This word is commonly used to describe a casual walk, such as taking a stroll in a park or around the neighborhood. For example: I took a walk in the park「公園で散歩しました」(こうえんでさんぽしました). Let's go for a walk「散歩に行きましょう」(さんぽにいきましょう). It can also be used to describe walking a pet, as in '犬の散歩 (いぬのさんぽ) (walking the dog)'. Note that '散歩' implies a relaxed and unhurried pace, unlike more purposeful walking like commuting or hiking.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

570

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Show, Indicate

Reading

Parts

二Two 小Small

Example Word

開示: disclosure. The Japanese noun '開示 (かいじ)' means 'disclosure'. It refers to the act of making information, facts, or data known to others, often in a formal or legal context. This term is commonly used in legal, corporate, or administrative settings where transparency is required. For example: The company made a public disclosure of its financial records「会社は財務記録を開示しました」(かいしゃはざいむきろくをかいじしました). The court ordered the disclosure of evidence「裁判所は証拠の開示を命じた」(さいばんしょはしょうこのかいじをめいじた). Note that '開示' is often used in contexts involving legal obligations or ethical transparency.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

574

Radical Form

礻

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Defeat

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap 貝Shellfish

Example Word

負う: bear. The Japanese verb '負う (おう)' primarily means 'to bear' or 'to carry', often in the sense of responsibility, burden, or obligation. It can also imply taking on a duty or being responsible for something. For example: He bears the responsibility「彼は責任を負う」(かれはせきにんをおう). The company bears the cost「会社が費用を負う」(かいしゃがひようをおう). Additionally, '負う' can sometimes mean 'to owe', as in owing a debt or gratitude. For example: I owe him a favor「彼に恩を負う」(かれにおんをおう). This verb is often used in formal or serious contexts, emphasizing the weight or significance of what is being borne.

Radical

貝

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

575

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Climate

Reading

Parts

丨Stick 侯Marquis, Feudal lord

Example Word

候補: candidate. The Japanese noun '候補 (こうほ)' means 'candidate'. It is commonly used to refer to someone who is being considered for a position, role, or opportunity. This term is often used in political, professional, or academic contexts. For example: he is a candidate for the position「彼はそのポジションの候補です」(かれはそのポジションのこうほです). She is a candidate for the scholarship「彼女は奨学金の候補です」(かのじょはしょうがくきんのこうほです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as being a candidate for a prize or an award.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

580

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Smoke

Reading

Parts

火Fire 垔

Example Word

禁煙: no smoking. The Japanese verbal noun '禁煙 (きんえん)' means 'no smoking' or 'smoking prohibition'. It is commonly used to indicate areas where smoking is not allowed, such as in public spaces, restaurants, or on public transportation. This term is often seen on signs and notices. For example: This is a no-smoking area「ここは禁煙です」(ここはきんえんです). Please refrain from smoking「禁煙をお願いします」(きんえんをおねがいします). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the act of quitting smoking, as in '禁煙する (きんえんする)' which means 'to quit smoking'.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

581

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dispute

Reading

Parts

⺈Wrap ⺕Hand 亅Barb

Example Word

競争: competition. The Japanese verbal noun '競争 (きょうそう)' means 'competition'. It refers to a situation in which individuals or groups strive to outperform each other, often in a specific activity or field. This word is commonly used in contexts such as sports, business, academics, or any scenario where rivalry or striving for superiority is involved. For example: The competition was fierce「競争は激しかった」(きょうそうははげしかった). They are in competition for the top position「彼らはトップの座を競争している」(かれらはトップのざをきょうそうしている). Note that '競争' can also imply a sense of striving or effort, not just direct rivalry.

Radical

亅

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

584

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Year, Years old

Reading

Parts

止Stop 戈 小Small

Example Word

二十歳: twenty years old. The Japanese noun '二十歳 (はたち)' specifically refers to the age of 20 years old. In Japan, turning 20 is a significant milestone as it marks the age of adulthood, celebrated during the Coming of Age Day (成人の日, せいじんのひ). This term is often used in contexts related to legal adulthood, responsibilities, and celebrations. For example: She turned 20 this year「彼女は今年二十歳になった」(かのじょはことしはたちになった). In Japan, you become an adult at 20「日本では二十歳で成人になる」(にほんでははたちでせいじんになる).

Radical

止

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

585

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Labor

Reading

Parts

⺍Small 冖Crown 力Power

Example Word

苦労: hardship. The Japanese verbal noun '苦労 (くろう)' refers to 'hardship' or 'difficulty'. It is often used to describe the struggles, efforts, or troubles one experiences in life or work. This word carries a nuance of enduring or overcoming challenges. For example: He went through a lot of hardship「彼はたくさんの苦労をした」(かれはたくさんのくろうをした). Raising children involves a lot of hardship「子供を育てるのは苦労が多い」(こどもをそだてるのはくろうがおおい). The word can also be used in expressions like '苦労する (くろうする)', meaning 'to struggle' or 'to go through difficulties'.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

587

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Yesterday, Previous

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 乍

Example Word

昨年: last year. The Japanese noun '昨年 (さくねん)' means 'last year.' It is used to refer to the year immediately preceding the current year. This word is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to discuss past events or activities. For example: Last year I was traveling in Japan 「昨年は日本を旅行していました」 (さくねんはにほんをりょこうしていました). Last year's sales were higher than this year's 「昨年の売り上げは今年より高かった」 (さくねんのうりあげはことしよりたかかった).

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

589

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Blessing

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)畐Fill

Example Word

幸福: happiness. The Japanese adjectival noun '幸福 (こうふく)' means 'happiness'. It refers to a state of well-being, contentment, or joy. This word is often used in formal or literary contexts to describe a deep or lasting sense of happiness. For example: I wish you happiness「あなたに幸福を願います」(あなたにこうふくをねがいます). True happiness is hard to find「真の幸福を見つけるのは難しい」(しんのこうふくをみつけるのはむずかしい). Note that '幸福' is more profound and less casual than other words for happiness like '幸せ (しあわせ)', which is more commonly used in everyday conversation.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

590

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Warn

Reading

Parts

言Say 敬Respect

Example Word

警部: inspector. The Japanese noun '警部 (けいぶ)' refers to a police inspector, a specific rank within the Japanese police force. This term is used to denote a senior officer who typically oversees investigations or commands a police station. For example: The inspector solved the case「警部が事件を解決した」(けいぶがじけんをかいけつした). He was promoted to inspector「彼は警部に昇進した」(かれはけいぶにしょうしんした). The rank of '警部' is above '警部補 (けいぶほ)' and below '警視 (けいし)' in the Japanese police hierarchy.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

592

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Request, Wish

Reading

Parts

原Meadow, Original 頁Page

Example Word

お願い: request. The Japanese verbal noun 'お願い (おねがい)' means 'request'. It is a polite and formal way to ask for something or to make a request. This term is often used in various contexts, such as asking for a favor, making a formal request, or even in customer service settings. For example: Please help me「お願い、助けてください」(おねがい、たすけてください). I have a request「お願いがあります」(おねがいがあります). It is important to note that 'お願い' is often used with the verb 'する' to form the phrase 'お願いします', which is a common way to make a polite request, as in 'Please do this for me「これをやってください、お願いします」(これをやってください、おねがいします)'.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

599

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bow, Salute

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)乙Second, Latter

Example Word

礼儀: manners. The Japanese noun '礼儀 (れいぎ)' refers to 'manners' or 'etiquette'. It is used to describe proper behavior, politeness, and respect in social interactions. This word is often associated with traditional Japanese customs and the importance of showing respect to others. For example: Good manners are important「礼儀は大切です」(れいぎはたいせつです). He has no manners「彼は礼儀を知らない」(かれはれいぎをしらない). The concept of '礼儀' is deeply rooted in Japanese culture and is often emphasized in both personal and professional settings.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

605

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Recognize, Admit

Reading

Parts

言Say 忍Endure, Stealth

Example Word

認める: admit or acknowledge. The Japanese verb '認める (みとめる)' primarily means 'to acknowledge' or 'to admit'. It is used when recognizing or accepting the existence, truth, or validity of something. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as acknowledging a fact, admitting a mistake, or recognizing someone's achievements. For example: He acknowledged his mistake「彼は自分の間違いを認めた」(かれはじぶんのまちがいをみとめた). The company admitted the problem「会社は問題を認めた」(かいしゃはもんだいをみとめた). It's important to note that '認める' can also imply a formal or official recognition, such as in legal or professional settings.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

612

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Revolve, Times

Reading

Parts

口Mouth

Example Word

回す: turn or pass. The Japanese verb '回す (まわす)' primarily means 'to turn' or 'to rotate' something, such as turning a knob or rotating an object. It can also mean 'to pass' something around, like passing a document or an item to someone else. For example: turn the handle「ハンドルを回す」(ハンドルをまわす). Please pass the salt「塩を回してください」(しおをまわしてください). This verb is versatile and can be used in various contexts, both literal and figurative, to indicate the action of turning or passing.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

613

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Picture

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 会Meet

Example Word

油絵: oil painting. The Japanese noun '油絵 (あぶらえ)' refers to 'oil painting', a type of painting created using pigments mixed with oil, typically linseed oil. This term is used to describe both the art form and individual works created in this medium. For example: She is good at oil painting「彼女は油絵が上手です」(かのじょはあぶらえがじょうずです). This museum has many oil paintings「この美術館には油絵がたくさんあります」(このびじゅつかんにはあぶらえがたくさんあります). The term is commonly used in art-related contexts and discussions about visual arts.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

615

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Throw

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)殳Pike

Example Word

投入: investment or insertion. The Japanese noun '投入 (とうにゅう)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'investment', referring to the act of putting resources (such as time, money, or effort) into something with the expectation of achieving a benefit. For example: The company made a large investment in new technology「会社は新しい技術に大きな投入をした」(かいしゃはあたらしいぎじゅつにおおきなとうにゅうをした). The second meaning is 'insertion', which refers to the act of putting something into a place or system. For example: Insert the card into the machine「カードを機械に投入してください」(かーどをきかいにとうにゅうしてください). These two meanings are unrelated and depend on the context in which the word is used.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

617

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stay, Detain

Reading

Example Word

留学: study abroad. The Japanese verbal noun '留学 (りゅうがく)' refers to the act of studying abroad, typically in a foreign country for a certain period of time. It is commonly used in contexts where someone is pursuing education or research in a different country. For example: I want to study abroad in America「アメリカに留学したいです」(あめりかにりゅうがくしたいです). She is studying abroad in France「彼女はフランスに留学しています」(かのじょはふらんすにりゅうがくしています). The term is often associated with higher education but can also apply to language studies or specialized training programs.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

626

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Not yet

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

未: not yet. The Japanese noun '未 (み)' means 'not yet' or 'still not'. It is often used to indicate that something has not yet happened or been completed. This word is commonly used in compound words or phrases to express the idea of something being incomplete or pending. For example: The project is not yet finished「プロジェクトは未完了です」(ぷろじぇくとはみかんりょうです). He has not yet arrived「彼は未到着です」(かれはみとうちゃくです). The word '未' can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as '未解決 (みかいけつ)' meaning 'unresolved' or '未確認 (みかくにん)' meaning 'unconfirmed'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

627

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sin, Guilt

Reading

Parts

罒Net 非Mistake, Negative

Example Word

罪: crime or sin. The Japanese noun '罪 (つみ)' can mean both 'sin' and 'crime', depending on the context. When referring to 'sin', it often carries a moral or religious connotation, such as an act against divine or ethical laws. For example: he confessed his sin「彼は自分の罪を告白した」(かれはじぶんのつみをこくはくした). When referring to 'crime', it denotes an act punishable by law. For example: committing a crime is wrong「罪を犯すのは間違っている」(つみをおかすのはまちがっている). The word is versatile and can be used in both formal and informal contexts, but its nuance depends heavily on the situation.

Radical

网

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

628

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Retreat

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 艮Stopping

Example Word

退院: discharge. The Japanese verbal noun '退院 (たいいん)' refers to the act of being discharged from a hospital or medical facility after receiving treatment. It is commonly used in medical contexts to indicate that a patient has recovered sufficiently to leave the hospital. For example: The patient was discharged from the hospital「患者は退院しました」(かんじゃはたいいんしました). She will be discharged tomorrow「彼女は明日退院します」(かのじょはあしたたいいんします). Note that '退院' is often used in formal or medical settings and implies a sense of recovery or completion of treatment.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

633

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Promise, Approximately

Reading

Parts

糸Thread

Example Word

条約: treaty. The Japanese noun '条約 (じょうやく)' refers to a formal agreement between countries or organizations, typically involving legal obligations. It is commonly used in the context of international relations, diplomacy, or legal frameworks. For example: The two countries signed a peace treaty「両国は平和条約に調印した」(りょうこくはへいわじょうやくにちょういんした). This treaty is important for global cooperation「この条約は国際協力にとって重要です」(このじょうやくはこくさいきょうりょくにとってじゅうようです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as agreements between organizations or groups, but its primary usage is in diplomatic or legal settings.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

635

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Superior, Gentle

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)憂Anxious, Grief

Example Word

俳優: actor. The Japanese noun '俳優 (はいゆう)' means 'actor'. It refers to a person who performs in plays, movies, or television shows. This word is gender-neutral and can be used for both male and female actors. For example: he is a famous actor「彼は有名な俳優です」(かれはゆうめいなはいゆうです). She wants to become an actor「彼女は俳優になりたい」(かのじょははいゆうになりたい). The term is commonly used in formal contexts and is distinct from '役者 (やくしゃ)', which can also mean 'actor' but often carries a more traditional or theatrical nuance.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

640

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trade, Deal

Reading

Parts

立Stand 冏Bright

Example Word

商店: shop. The Japanese noun '商店 (しょうてん)' refers to a 'shop' or 'store', typically a small to medium-sized retail establishment. It is commonly used to describe local businesses or family-run shops that sell goods directly to consumers. The term often carries a sense of community and tradition, as many 商店 are long-standing businesses in neighborhoods. Example sentences: There is a small shop near my house「私の家の近くに商店があります」(わたしのいえのちかくにしょうてんがあります). The shop sells fresh vegetables「その商店は新鮮な野菜を売っています」(そのしょうてんはしんせんなやさいをうっています).

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

642

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beforehand

Reading

Parts

亅Barb 乛Second (乙)マKatakana ma

Example Word

予感: premonition. The Japanese noun '予感 (よかん)' means 'premonition'. It refers to a feeling or intuition that something is about to happen, often without any concrete evidence. This word is commonly used in contexts where someone senses an upcoming event, whether positive or negative. For example: I had a premonition that something bad would happen「何か悪いことが起こる予感がした」(なにかわるいことがおこるよかんがした). She felt a premonition of good news「彼女は良い知らせの予感を感じた」(かのじょはよいしらせのよかんをかんじた). The word can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as sensing a change in the atmosphere or mood.

Radical

亅

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

647

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wealth, Rich

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 畐Fill

Example Word

豊富: abundant. The Japanese adjectival noun '豊富 (ほうふ)' means 'abundant' or 'plentiful'. It is used to describe a large quantity or variety of something, often in a positive context. For example: This region has abundant resources「この地域は資源が豊富だ」(このちいきはしげんがほうふだ). The library has a plentiful collection of books「図書館には本が豊富にある」(としょかんにはほんがほうふにある). '豊富' is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to emphasize the richness or sufficiency of something.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

649

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sleep, Sleepy

Reading

Parts

目Eye 民People, Nation

Example Word

眠り: sleep. The Japanese noun '眠り (ねむり)' refers to the state or act of sleeping. It is commonly used to describe the natural state of rest where consciousness is suspended. For example: I fell into a deep sleep「私は深い眠りに落ちた」(わたしはふかいねむりにおちた). The baby is in a peaceful sleep「赤ちゃんは穏やかな眠りについている」(あかちゃんはおだやかなねむりについている). This word can also be used metaphorically to describe inactivity or dormancy, such as in 'the sleep of winter'「冬の眠り」(ふゆのねむり).

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

652

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Report, News

Reading

Parts

幸Happiness

Example Word

報道: reporting. The Japanese verbal noun '報道 (ほうどう)' means 'reporting' or 'news coverage'. It refers to the act of gathering and disseminating information, particularly through media outlets like newspapers, television, or online platforms. This term is often used in contexts related to journalism and mass communication. For example: The media is reporting on the incident「メディアはその事件を報道している」(メディアはそのじけんをほうどうしている). Accurate reporting is important「正確な報道が重要だ」(せいかくなほうどうがじゅうようだ). The word can also be used in compound terms like '報道機関 (ほうどうきかん)' (news organization) or '報道陣 (ほうどうじん)' (press corps).

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

655

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hair

Reading

Parts

髟 友Friend

Example Word

髪: hair. The Japanese noun '髪 (かみ)' refers to 'hair', specifically the hair on one's head. It is commonly used in everyday conversation to talk about hair care, hairstyles, or hair-related issues. For example: Her hair is long「彼女の髪は長い」(かのじょのかみはながい). I need to cut my hair「髪を切る必要がある」(かみをきるひつようがある). The word can also be used in compound words, such as '髪型 (かみがた)' meaning 'hairstyle'. Note that '髪' specifically refers to head hair and not body hair, which is typically referred to as '毛 (け)'.

Radical

髟

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

657

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Supply, Salary

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 合Fit, Match

Example Word

供給: supply. The Japanese verbal noun '供給 (きょうきゅう)' means 'supply'. It refers to the act of providing or furnishing something, often in the context of goods, services, or resources. This term is commonly used in economic, business, and everyday contexts. For example: The company supplies electricity「その会社は電気を供給する」(そのかいしゃはでんきをきょうきゅうする). Water supply is essential for life「水の供給は生命に不可欠だ」(みずのきょうきゅうはせいめいにふかけつだ). Note that '供給' is often paired with verbs like 'する' to form phrases like '供給する' (to supply).

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

659

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Topple, Overthrow

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)到Reach, Arrival

Example Word

面倒: trouble or bother. The Japanese adjectival noun '面倒 (めんどう)' primarily means 'trouble' or 'bother'. It is used to describe situations, tasks, or interactions that are troublesome, inconvenient, or require effort. It can also imply a sense of annoyance or reluctance. For example: It's too much trouble to explain「説明するのは面倒だ」(せつめいするのはめんどうだ). I don't want to deal with this bothersome task「この面倒な仕事をやりたくない」(このめんどうなしごとをやりたくない). Additionally, '面倒を見る (めんどうをみる)' is a common phrase meaning 'to take care of someone' or 'to look after someone', which adds a nuance of responsibility or care to the word.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

662

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ascend

Reading

Parts

癶Dotted tent 豆Beans

Example Word

登山: mountain climbing. The Japanese verbal noun '登山 (とざん)' refers to the activity of climbing mountains. It is commonly used to describe the act of hiking or climbing mountains as a recreational or sporting activity. For example: I enjoy mountain climbing「私は登山が好きです」(わたしはとざんがすきです). They went mountain climbing last weekend「彼らは先週末に登山に行きました」(かれらはせんしゅうまつにとざんにいきました). The term can also be used in a broader sense to refer to the act of ascending any steep or elevated terrain, not just mountains.

Radical

癶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

666

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

户 大Big

Example Word

戻る: return. The Japanese verb '戻る (もどる)' means 'to return' or 'to go back'. It is used to indicate the action of returning to a previous location, state, or condition. This verb is commonly used in everyday conversation and can refer to physical movement, such as returning home, or abstract concepts, like reverting to a previous state. For example: I will return home「家に戻ります」(いえにもどります). The situation returned to normal「状況が元に戻った」(じょうきょうがもとにもどった). Note that '戻る' is an intransitive verb, meaning it does not take a direct object. To express returning something, the transitive verb '戻す (もどす)' is used instead.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

668

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Employment

Reading

Parts

耳Ear 戠

Example Word

職業: occupation. The Japanese noun '職業 (しょくぎょう)' means 'occupation' or 'profession'. It refers to a person's job or the type of work they do to earn a living. This word is commonly used in formal or everyday contexts to discuss careers, employment, or vocational topics. For example: What is your occupation?「あなたの職業は何ですか？」(あなたのしょくぎょうはなんですか？). Teaching is a rewarding occupation「教えることはやりがいのある職業です」(おしえることはやりがいのあるしょくぎょうです). The word can also be used in broader contexts, such as discussing career choices or societal roles.

Radical

耳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

671

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Finish, Settle

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)斉Uniform, Adjusted

Example Word

済み: done. The Japanese suffix '済み (ずみ)' is used to indicate that something has been completed or settled. It is often attached to nouns to form compound words that describe the state of completion. For example: payment completed「支払い済み」(しはらいずみ). This suffix is commonly used in formal or business contexts to convey that a task or obligation has been fulfilled. Another example: reservation completed「予約済み」(よやくずみ). It is important to note that '済み' is often written in kanji but can also appear in hiragana in less formal contexts.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

674

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sunshine

Reading

Parts

昜Sunray 阝Mound (阜)

Example Word

太陽: sun. The Japanese noun '太陽 (たいよう)' means 'sun'. It refers to the star at the center of our solar system, which provides light and heat to Earth. This word is commonly used in both scientific and everyday contexts. For example: The sun is bright today「今日の太陽は明るい」(きょうのたいようはあかるい). The sun rises in the east「太陽は東から昇る」(たいようはひがしからのぼる). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone as a source of light or energy, such as in the phrase '彼は私の太陽 (かれはわたしのたいよう)' (He is my sun).

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

676

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rights, Authority

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood

Example Word

権限: authority. The Japanese noun '権限 (けんげん)' refers to 'authority' or 'power' granted to someone to perform specific actions or make decisions. It is often used in formal or professional contexts, such as in organizations, governments, or legal settings. For example: He has the authority to make decisions「彼は決定する権限を持っている」(かれはけっていするけんげんをもっている). The manager's authority was limited「マネージャーの権限は限られていた」(マネージャーのけんげんはかぎられていた). This word emphasizes the official or legal capacity to act, rather than personal influence or power.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

682

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cold

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 共Together 一One 冫Ice (水)

Example Word

寒暖計: thermometer. The Japanese noun '寒暖計 (かんだんけい)' refers to a 'thermometer', a device used to measure temperature. This word is a compound of '寒 (かん)' meaning 'cold', '暖 (だん)' meaning 'warm', and '計 (けい)' meaning 'meter' or 'gauge'. It is commonly used in contexts related to weather, health, or scientific measurements. For example: The thermometer shows the temperature「寒暖計は温度を示しています」(かんだんけいはおんどをしめしています). I bought a new thermometer「新しい寒暖計を買いました」(あたらしいかんだんけいをかいました).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

685

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Raise, Grow

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 𠫓Child

Example Word

育てる: raise. The Japanese verb '育てる (そだてる)' means 'to raise' or 'to bring up'. It is commonly used to describe the act of nurturing or raising living things, such as children, animals, or plants. For example: I raised this child「この子を育てた」(このこをそだてた). She is raising flowers in her garden「彼女は庭で花を育てている」(かのじょはにわではなをそだてている). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe fostering or developing skills, talents, or ideas. For instance: He is raising his skills in programming「彼はプログラミングのスキルを育てている」(かれはぷろぐらみんぐのすきるをそだてている).

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

686

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Perform

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)寅

Example Word

出演: appearance. The Japanese verbal noun '出演 (しゅつえん)' means 'appearance' and is used to describe someone's participation or performance in a public event, such as a TV show, movie, play, or concert. It is often used in contexts related to entertainment or media. For example: She made an appearance on TV「彼女はテレビに出演した」(かのじょはテレビにしゅつえんした). The actor will appear in the new movie「その俳優は新しい映画に出演する」(そのはいゆうはあたらしいえいがにしゅつえんする). Note that '出演' is commonly used in formal or professional settings and is often paired with verbs like 'する' to indicate the act of appearing.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

689

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty, Responsibility

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)壬

Example Word

任意: voluntary or optional. The Japanese noun '任意 (にんい)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'optional', referring to something that is not required or mandatory. For example: participation is optional「参加は任意です」(さんかはにんいです). The second meaning is 'voluntary', referring to something done by choice or free will. For example: voluntary work「任意の仕事」(にんいのしごと). This word is often used in formal or legal contexts to describe actions or decisions that are not compulsory. It can also imply a sense of freedom or discretion in making choices.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

690

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty, Task

Reading

Parts

矛Halberd 务

Example Word

実務: practical work. The Japanese noun '実務 (じつむ)' refers to practical work or tasks that are part of one's job or profession. It emphasizes the actual, hands-on aspects of work rather than theoretical or academic knowledge. This term is often used in professional or business contexts to describe day-to-day operations or responsibilities. For example: He is experienced in practical work「彼は実務に慣れている」(かれはじつむになれている). Practical work is essential for this job「この仕事には実務が不可欠だ」(このしごとにはじつむがふかけつだ).

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

709

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Marriage

Reading

Parts

女Woman 昏

Example Word

新婚: newlywed. The Japanese noun '新婚 (しんこん)' refers to the state of being newly married, specifically describing a couple who have recently entered into marriage. It is often used to describe the period shortly after marriage, typically characterized by happiness and adjustment to married life. For example: They are newlyweds「彼らは新婚です」(かれらはしんこんです). The newlywed couple went on a honeymoon「新婚夫婦はハネムーンに行きました」(しんこんふうふはハネムーンにいきました). This term is commonly used in contexts related to marriage, relationships, and celebrations.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

710

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cause

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 大Big

Example Word

因み: reference. The Japanese noun '因み (ちなみ)' is used to introduce additional information or a related fact, often as an aside or a footnote to the main topic. It is commonly used in both spoken and written Japanese to provide context or background information. For example: By the way, he is also a musician「因みに、彼はミュージシャンでもあります」(ちなみに、かれはミュージシャンでもあります). As a reference, this book was published last year「因みに、この本は去年出版されました」(ちなみに、このほんはきょねんしゅっぱんされました). The word is often used with the particle 'に' to form '因みに (ちなみに)', which functions similarly to 'by the way' or 'for your information' in English.

Radical

囗

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

717

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Easy

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 勿Must not

Example Word

易い: easy. The Japanese suffix '易い (やすい)' is attached to the stem of verbs to indicate that something is easy to do. It conveys the idea that the action described by the verb is simple or effortless. For example: This book is easy to read「この本は読み易い」(このほんはよみやすい). This problem is easy to solve「この問題は解き易い」(このもんだいはときやすい). Note that '易い' is often written in hiragana as 'やすい' when used as a suffix. It is important to distinguish this from the adjective '安い (やすい)', which means 'cheap'.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

718

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Anger, Angry

Reading

Parts

奴Servant, Dude 心Heart

Example Word

怒り: anger. The Japanese noun '怒り (いかり)' means 'anger'. It refers to a strong feeling of displeasure or hostility, often in response to a perceived wrong or injustice. This word is commonly used to describe both personal and external expressions of anger. For example: His anger was evident「彼の怒りは明らかだった」(かれのいかりはあきらかだった). She tried to suppress her anger「彼女は怒りを抑えようとした」(かのじょはいかりをおさえようとした). The word can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as 'the anger of the gods'「神々の怒り」(かみがみのいかり).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

719

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accumulate

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 責Blame, Liability

Example Word

蓄積: accumulation. The Japanese noun '蓄積 (ちくせき)' refers to the act or process of accumulating or gathering something over time. It is often used in contexts related to the buildup of resources, knowledge, data, or even stress. For example: the accumulation of knowledge「知識の蓄積」(ちしきのちくせき). The accumulation of stress can be harmful「ストレスの蓄積は有害です」(ストレスのちくせきはゆうがいです). This term is commonly used in both formal and informal settings to describe gradual buildup or storage.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

725

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Visit

Reading

Parts

言Say 方Direction

Example Word

訪ねる: visit. The Japanese verb '訪ねる (たずねる)' means 'to visit'. It is used when someone goes to a place or person with a specific purpose, often to meet someone or to explore a location. This verb carries a nuance of intentionality and purposefulness in the visit. For example: I visited my friend「友達を訪ねた」(ともだちをたずねた). She visited the old temple「彼女は古い寺を訪ねた」(かのじょはふるいてらをたずねた). Note that '訪ねる' is often used in more formal or intentional contexts compared to the more casual '訪れる (おとずれる)', which can also mean 'to visit' but is less specific in purpose.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

726

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bundle, Bind

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 口Mouth

Example Word

拘束: restraint or detention. The Japanese noun '拘束 (こうそく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'restraint', referring to the act of limiting or controlling someone or something. The second is 'detention', referring to the act of holding someone in custody, often by legal authorities. For example: The police imposed restraint on the suspect「警察は容疑者に拘束を加えた」(けいさつはようぎしゃにこうそくをくわえた). The suspect is under detention「容疑者は拘束されている」(ようぎしゃはこうそくされている). The word is often used in legal or formal contexts and carries a serious tone.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

729

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

System, Control

Reading

Parts

刂Sword (刀)牛Cow 巾Towel

Example Word

体制: system. The Japanese noun '体制 (たいせい)' refers to a 'system' or 'structure', particularly in the context of political, social, or organizational frameworks. It is often used to describe the established order or arrangement of a group, institution, or society. For example: The government is trying to reform the system「政府は体制を改革しようとしている」(せいふはたいせいをかいかくしようとしている). The company has a strict hierarchical system「その会社は厳格な体制を持っている」(そのかいしゃはげんかくなたいせいをもっている). The word can also imply the status quo or the existing order, and it is commonly used in discussions about governance, management, or societal structures.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

730

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bureau

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 句Phrase, Paragraph

Example Word

結局: after all. The Japanese adverb '結局 (けっきょく)' means 'after all' or 'in the end'. It is used to indicate the final outcome or conclusion of a situation, often after considering various possibilities or events. This word is commonly used to summarize or reflect on the result of a process or series of actions. For example: After all, we decided not to go「結局、行かないことにした」(けっきょく、いかないことにした). In the end, it was a waste of time「結局、時間の無駄だった」(けっきょく、じかんのむだだった). It can also imply a sense of inevitability or resignation about the outcome.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

734

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ancestor

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)且Moreover, Also

Example Word

先祖: ancestor. The Japanese noun '先祖 (せんぞ)' refers to one's ancestors or forebears. It is commonly used to describe family lineage or those who came before in a family's history. This word carries a sense of respect and is often used in contexts related to family traditions, genealogy, or cultural practices honoring ancestors. For example: I respect my ancestors「私は先祖を尊敬する」(わたしはせんぞをそんけいする). Our ancestors lived here「私たちの先祖はここに住んでいた」(わたしたちのせんぞはここにすんでいた). The term is also used in phrases like '先祖代々 (せんぞだいだい)', meaning 'for generations'.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

737

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fearful, Dreadful

Reading

Parts

忄 布Cloth, Linen

Example Word

恐怖: fear. The Japanese noun '恐怖 (きょうふ)' means 'fear'. It refers to the intense feeling of being afraid or anxious about something, often due to a perceived threat or danger. This word is commonly used in contexts involving psychological or emotional states, such as fear of the dark, fear of heights, or fear of the unknown. For example: I feel fear when I watch horror movies「私はホラー映画を見ると恐怖を感じる」(わたしはほらーえいがをみるときょうふをかんじる). The fear of failure can be paralyzing「失敗への恐怖は麻痺させるほど強い」(しっぱいへのきょうふはまひさせるほどつよい). Note that '恐怖' is often used in formal or serious contexts, and it can also appear in compound words like '恐怖症 (きょうふしょう)' (phobia).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

744

Handwriting