kanji

Meaning

Fear

Reading

Parts

工Construction 心Heart 凡Common

Example Word

恐ろしい: terrifying. The Japanese adjective '恐ろしい (おそろしい)' primarily means 'terrifying' or 'dreadful'. It is used to describe something that evokes fear or horror, often due to its extreme nature or potential danger. This word can be applied to situations, events, or even abstract concepts. For example: The storm was terrifying「嵐は恐ろしかった」(あらしはおそろしかった). The thought of war is dreadful「戦争の考えは恐ろしい」(せんそうのかんがえはおそろしい). Additionally, '恐ろしい' can sometimes be used to express something extreme or astonishing, though this usage is less common. For instance: He is terrifyingly fast「彼は恐ろしく速い」(かれはおそろしくはやい).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

281

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Thought

Reading

Parts

今Now 心Heart

Example Word

残念: regrettable. The Japanese adjectival noun '残念 (ざんねん)' means 'regrettable' or 'disappointing'. It is used to express a feeling of disappointment or regret about a situation, outcome, or event. This word is often used in contexts where something did not go as planned or when something unfortunate happens. For example: It's regrettable that the event was canceled「イベントが中止になって残念です」(イベントがちゅうしになってざんねんです). I'm disappointed that I couldn't meet you「会えなくて残念です」(あえなくてざんねんです). The word can also be used to politely express sympathy or disappointment on behalf of someone else, such as '残念ながら (ざんねんながら)', which means 'unfortunately'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

282

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stab, Dash

Reading

Parts

穴Hole 大Big

Example Word

突き当たる: hit or reach. The Japanese verb '突き当たる (つきあたる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to hit' or 'to strike', often used when something physically collides with another object. The second meaning is 'to reach' or 'to come to', often used when arriving at a point or conclusion. For example: The car hit the wall「車が壁に突き当たった」(くるまがかべにつきあたった). We reached a dead end「私たちは行き止まりに突き当たった」(わたしたちはいきどまりにつきあたった). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe encountering a problem or obstacle, as in 'We hit a snag in our plans'「私たちの計画に問題が突き当たった」(わたしたちのけいかくにもんだいがつきあたった).

Radical

穴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

284

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Daughter, Girl

Reading

Parts

女Woman 良Good

Example Word

娘: daughter. The Japanese noun '娘 (むすめ)' means 'daughter'. It refers to a female child in relation to her parents. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: my daughter is kind「私の娘は優しい」(わたしのむすめはやさしい). Her daughter is a student「彼女の娘は学生です」(かのじょのむすめはがくせいです). The term can also be used affectionately or to refer to a young girl in general, though it primarily means 'daughter'.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

287

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Master, Expert

Reading

Example Word

師: teacher. The Japanese noun '師 (し)' means 'teacher' or 'master'. It refers to someone who is highly skilled or knowledgeable in a particular field and often serves as a mentor or guide. This term is commonly used in contexts such as martial arts, arts and crafts, or academic disciplines. For example: He is my teacher「彼は私の師です」(かれはわたしのしです). The tea ceremony master is respected「茶道の師は尊敬されている」(さどうのしはそんけいされている). Note that '師' can also be part of compound words, such as '教師 (きょうし)' (teacher) or '医師 (いし)' (doctor).

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

288

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fight, War

Reading

Parts

単Simple, Single 戈

Example Word

戦後: postwar. The Japanese noun '戦後 (せんご)' refers to the period after a war, specifically the time following World War II in Japan. It is often used to describe the era of reconstruction, economic growth, and social change that occurred in Japan after the war. For example: Japan experienced rapid economic growth in the postwar period「日本は戦後に急速な経済成長を経験した」(にほんはせんごにきゅうそくなけいざいせいちょうをけいけんした). The postwar generation has a different perspective on life「戦後世代は人生に対する異なる視点を持っている」(せんごせだいはじんせいにたいすることなるしてんをもっている). This term is deeply tied to Japanese history and culture, often evoking a sense of transformation and renewal.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

290

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accept

Reading

Parts

爪Claw 冖Crown 又Again

Example Word

受け止める: accept or catch. The Japanese verb '受け止める (うけとめる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to catch', as in physically catching something. For example: he caught the ball「彼はボールを受け止めた」(かれはボールをうけとめた). The second meaning is 'to accept', often used in a more abstract or emotional sense, such as accepting responsibility or feelings. For example: she accepted his feelings「彼女は彼の気持ちを受け止めた」(かのじょはかれのきもちをうけとめた). This verb is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts, making it important to consider the surrounding words to determine the intended meaning.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

291

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sit, Seat

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 坐

Example Word

講座: course. The Japanese noun '講座 (こうざ)' primarily means 'course', referring to a series of lessons or lectures on a particular subject. It is commonly used in educational contexts, such as university courses or specialized training programs. For example: I am taking a Japanese history course「私は日本史の講座を取っています」(わたしはにほんしのこうざをとっています). This course is very popular「この講座はとても人気です」(このこうざはとてもにんきです). Additionally, '講座' can sometimes refer to a lecture or seminar, but the primary meaning remains 'course'.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

293

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ship

Reading

Parts

舟Boat 八Eight 口Mouth

Example Word

船: ship. The Japanese noun '船 (ふね)' means 'ship' or 'boat'. It refers to a watercraft used for transportation on water, ranging from small boats to large ships. This word is commonly used in contexts involving travel, fishing, or maritime activities. For example: The ship is big「船は大きい」(ふねはおおきい). I boarded the ship「船に乗った」(ふねにのった). It can also be used metaphorically to describe something that carries or transports, such as a 'ship of dreams'「夢の船」(ゆめのふね).

Radical

舟

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

297

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Remainder

Reading

Parts

歹Bad 㦮

Example Word

残暑: late summer heat. The Japanese noun '残暑 (ざんしょ)' refers to the lingering heat or the continuation of hot weather that persists after the official end of summer, typically in early autumn. This term is often used in weather forecasts, seasonal greetings, and when discussing the transition from summer to autumn. For example: The late summer heat is intense this year「今年の残暑は厳しい」(ことしのざんしょはきびしい). Despite it being September, the late summer heat continues「九月なのに残暑が続いている」(くがつなのにざんしょがつづいている).

Radical

歹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

298

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Turn

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 米Rice 丿Katakana no

Example Word

留守番: house sitting. The Japanese noun '留守番 (るすばん)' refers to the act of looking after a house or property while the owner is away. It is commonly used when someone stays at home to take care of things, such as receiving packages, watching over pets, or ensuring security. For example: I will do the house-sitting「私が留守番をします」(わたしがるすばんをします). The dog is good at house-sitting「その犬は留守番が上手です」(そのいぬはるすばんがじょうずです). This term is often used in contexts where someone is temporarily responsible for a home in the absence of its usual occupants.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

300

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Advance

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 隹Bird

Example Word

先進: advancement. The Japanese noun '先進 (せんしん)' refers to 'advancement' or being 'advanced'. It is often used to describe progress, development, or the state of being ahead in a particular field, such as technology, science, or society. For example: Japan is known for its technological advancement「日本は技術の先進で知られている」(にほんはぎじゅつのせんしんでしられている). The country is at the forefront of medical advancement「その国は医療の先進に立っている」(そのくにはいりょうのせんしんにたっている). This term is commonly used in formal or technical contexts to highlight progress or leadership in a specific area.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

301

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exist, Suppose

Reading

Parts

子Child

Example Word

存知: knowledge. The Japanese noun '存知 (ぞんじ)' refers to 'knowledge' or 'awareness' of something. It is often used in polite or formal contexts to indicate that someone is aware of or knows about a particular matter. For example: I am aware of that matter「その件は存じております」(そのけんはぞんじております). Do you know about this?「これをご存知ですか？」(これをごぞんじですか？). The term is typically used in respectful or humble speech, especially when referring to someone else's knowledge or awareness.

Radical

子

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

302

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Draw near

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 奇Strange, Unusual

Example Word

寄る: stop by. The Japanese verb '寄る (よる)' primarily means 'to stop by' or 'to drop in'. It is used when someone visits a place briefly, often on the way to another destination. This verb can also imply a casual or unplanned visit. For example: I will stop by the store「店に寄ります」(みせによります). Let's drop by the park on the way home「帰りに公園に寄りましょう」(かえりにこうえんによりましょう). Additionally, '寄る' can sometimes mean 'to lean' or 'to approach', but these meanings are less common and context-dependent. For example: The tree is leaning to the left「木が左に寄っている」(きがひだりによるっている).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

303

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Manage, Elapse

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 圣Holy

Example Word

経る: pass or undergo. The Japanese verb '経る (へる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to pass' in the sense of time or a period elapsing. For example: ten years have passed「十年が経った」(じゅうねんがへった). The second meaning is 'to undergo' or 'to go through' an experience or process. For example: he underwent surgery「彼は手術を経た」(かれはしゅじゅつをへた). This verb is often used in formal or written contexts to describe the passage of time or the completion of a process. It can also imply a transformation or change resulting from the experience.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

305

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Both

Reading

Parts

一One 冂Enclosure 山Mountain

Example Word

両手: both hands. The Japanese noun '両手 (りょうて)' means 'both hands'. This term is used to refer to the use or involvement of both hands together, often in activities that require coordination or strength from both hands. It can be used in various contexts, such as physical activities, gestures, or when describing actions that involve both hands. For example: He caught the ball with both hands「彼は両手でボールをキャッチした」(かれはりょうてでぼーるをきゃっちした). Please wash both hands before eating「食べる前に両手を洗ってください」(たべるまえにりょうてをあらってください). The term emphasizes the use of both hands as opposed to just one, highlighting the involvement or necessity of both in the action described.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

306

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Order, Extent

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 呈Display, Present

Example Word

過程: process. The Japanese noun '過程 (かてい)' means 'process'. It refers to a series of actions, changes, or functions that lead to a particular result or outcome. This word is often used in contexts where the focus is on the steps or stages involved in achieving something, rather than just the end result. For example: the process of making bread「パンを作る過程」(パンをつくるかてい). The process of learning a new language「新しい言語を学ぶ過程」(あたらしいげんごをまなぶかてい). It can also be used in more abstract contexts, such as the process of personal growth「個人の成長の過程」(こじんのせいちょうのかてい).

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

307

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Art, Technique

Reading

Parts

行Go 朮

Example Word

手術: surgery. The Japanese verbal noun '手術 (しゅじゅつ)' means 'surgery'. It refers to a medical procedure involving an operation to treat or repair a part of the body. This term is commonly used in medical contexts and can be applied to various types of surgeries, such as heart surgery or cosmetic surgery. Example sentences: The doctor performed surgery「医者は手術をした」(いしゃはしゅじゅつをした). He needs surgery on his knee「彼は膝の手術が必要だ」(かれはひざのしゅじゅつがひつようだ). Note that '手術' can also be used metaphorically to describe a significant or drastic change, such as in business or policy, though this usage is less common.

Radical

行

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

311

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Peace

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 口Mouth

Example Word

和風: japanese style. The Japanese noun '和風 (わふう)' refers to something that is in the Japanese style or has Japanese characteristics. It is often used to describe architecture, food, or design that incorporates traditional Japanese elements. For example: This restaurant serves Japanese-style dishes「このレストランは和風の料理を出す」(このレストランはわふうのりょうりをだす). The room is decorated in a Japanese style「その部屋は和風に飾られている」(そのへやはわふうにかざられている). The term can also be used more broadly to describe anything that embodies the aesthetics or traditions of Japan.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

313

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fruit

Reading

Parts

田Rice field 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

成果: achievement or result. The Japanese noun '成果 (せいか)' refers to the outcome or result of efforts, often implying a positive or successful achievement. It is commonly used in professional, academic, or personal contexts to describe tangible or measurable results. For example: The results of the project were impressive「プロジェクトの成果は素晴らしかった」(ぷろじぇくとのせいかはすばらしかった). His hard work led to great achievements「彼の努力は大きな成果をもたらした」(かれのどりょくはおおきなせいかをもたらした). Note that '成果' emphasizes the tangible or visible outcome of effort, distinguishing it from abstract concepts like 'effort' or 'process'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

316

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cure, Reign

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)台Pedestal, Machine

Example Word

自治: autonomy. The Japanese noun '自治 (じち)' refers to 'autonomy' or 'self-governance'. It is commonly used in contexts related to local governance, organizations, or groups managing their own affairs independently. For example: The town has autonomy「その町は自治を持っている」(そのまちはじちをもっている). The university promotes student autonomy「その大学は学生の自治を促進している」(そのだいがくはがくせいのじちをそくしんしている). This term is often used in political, administrative, or organizational contexts to emphasize independence and self-rule.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

317

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Transmit

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)云Say

Example Word

伝言: message. The Japanese verbal noun '伝言 (でんごん)' means 'message'. It refers to a piece of information or communication that is passed from one person to another, often when direct communication is not possible. This word is commonly used in situations where someone leaves a message for another person, such as through a phone call, email, or a note. For example: Please leave a message「伝言をお願いします」(でんごんをおねがいします). I received a message from him「彼から伝言をもらいました」(かれからでんごんをもらいました). The word can also be used in the form '伝言する (でんごんする)', which means 'to leave a message' or 'to pass on a message'.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

318

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Deliberation

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)義Righteousness

Example Word

参議院: House of Councilors. The Japanese noun '参議院 (さんぎいん)' refers to the 'House of Councilors,' which is the upper house of the National Diet of Japan. It is one of the two houses in the Japanese legislative system, along with the House of Representatives (衆議院, しゅうぎいん). The House of Councillors plays a key role in passing laws and overseeing the government. Example: Members of the House of Councillors are directly elected by the people 「参議院の議員は国民によって直接選ばれる」 (さんぎいんのぎいんはこくみんによってちょくせつえらばれる). The House of Councillors has 242 seats 「参議院は242議席ある」 (さんぎいんは242ぎせきある).

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

319

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mistake, Negative

Reading

Example Word

非難: blame or criticism. The Japanese verbal noun '非難 (ひなん)' primarily means 'criticism' or 'blame'. It refers to the act of expressing disapproval or holding someone accountable for their actions. This word is often used in contexts where someone is being criticized for wrongdoing or mistakes. For example: The politician faced severe criticism「その政治家は激しい非難にさらされた」(そのせいじかははげしいひなんにさらされた). She blamed him for the failure「彼女は失敗を彼の非難にした」(かのじょはしっぱいをかれのひなんにした). Note that '非難' can carry a strong connotation, implying a serious accusation or condemnation.

Radical

非

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

320

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

View

Reading

Parts

隹Bird 見See

Example Word

客観: objectivity. The Japanese noun '客観 (きゃっかん)' refers to 'objectivity', which is the state or quality of being unbiased and not influenced by personal feelings or opinions. This term is often used in contexts such as scientific research, journalism, and philosophical discussions where an objective viewpoint is essential. For example: objectivity is important in research「研究では客観性が重要です」(けんきゅうではきゃっかんせいがじゅうようです). He tried to maintain objectivity in his analysis「彼は分析で客観性を保とうとした」(かれはぶんせきできゃっかんせいをたもとうとした). The term can also be used in contrast to '主観 (しゅかん)', which means 'subjectivity'.

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

321

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sideways

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 黄Yellow

Example Word

横切る: cross. The Japanese verb '横切る (よこぎる)' means 'to cross' or 'to go across'. It is used to describe the action of moving from one side of something to the other, such as crossing a street, a room, or a field. This verb often implies a horizontal or lateral movement. For example: The cat crossed the street「猫が道を横切った」(ねこがみちをよこぎった). A bird flew across the sky「鳥が空を横切った」(とりがそらをよこぎった). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as when something interrupts or cuts across a situation or conversation.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

324

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lie down, Go to sleep

Reading

Parts

丬 冖Crown 又Again ⺕Hand 宀Roof

Example Word

寝坊: oversleeping. The Japanese verbal noun '寝坊 (ねぼう)' refers to the act of oversleeping or waking up late. It is often used to describe someone who has slept longer than intended, causing them to be late for an appointment, work, or school. For example: I overslept this morning「今朝寝坊した」(けさねぼうした). Don't oversleep tomorrow「明日寝坊しないで」(あしたねぼうしないで). The term can also be used to describe a person who is habitually late due to oversleeping, as in '彼は寝坊だ (かれはねぼうだ) (He is a late riser).' It carries a slightly negative connotation, implying carelessness or lack of punctuality.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

325

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Anti

Reading

Parts

厂Cliff 又Again

Example Word

反: anti. The Japanese prefix '反 (はん)' means 'anti' or 'against'. It is commonly used to form words that express opposition or resistance to something. For example: anti-war「反戦」(はんせん), anti-government「反政府」(はんせいふ), anti-social「反社会的」(はんしゃかいてき). This prefix is often attached to nouns to create compound words that convey a sense of opposition or contrast. It is important to note that '反 (はん)' is a prefix and not a standalone word, so it always appears at the beginning of a compound word.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

326

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Judge, Stamp

Reading

Parts

半Half 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

判明: clarification. The Japanese noun '判明 (はんめい)' refers to the act of something becoming clear or being clarified. It is often used in contexts where details, facts, or truths are revealed or discovered. For example: The cause of the accident was clarified「事故の原因が判明した」(じこのげんいんがはんめいした). The truth about the incident became clear「事件の真相が判明した」(じけんのしんそうがはんめいした). This term is commonly used in formal or investigative contexts, emphasizing the process of uncovering information.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

330

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Point

Reading

Parts

灬Fire (火)占Fortune telling

Example Word

採点: grading. The Japanese verbal noun '採点 (さいてん)' refers to the act of grading or marking, particularly in an academic or evaluative context. It is commonly used when teachers or examiners assess and assign scores to tests, assignments, or performances. For example: The teacher is grading the tests「先生がテストを採点している」(せんせいがテストをさいてんしている). Grading will be completed by tomorrow「採点は明日までに終わります」(さいてんはあしたまでにおわります). This term is often used in educational settings and emphasizes the process of evaluation rather than the result.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

332

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Alcohol, Sake

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)酉Bird of the zodiac

Example Word

禁酒: abstinence. The Japanese verbal noun '禁酒 (きんしゅ)' refers to the act of abstaining from alcohol. It is often used in contexts where someone is avoiding alcohol for health, religious, or personal reasons. For example: He decided to practice abstinence from alcohol「彼は禁酒を決意した」(かれはきんしゅをけついした). During the month, I will abstain from drinking「今月は禁酒します」(こんげつはきんしゅします). The term can also be used in medical or recovery contexts, such as when someone is advised to stop drinking for health reasons.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

333

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Good

Reading

Parts

丶Dot 艮Stopping

Example Word

良い: good. The Japanese adjective '良い (よい)' means 'good'. It is a versatile word used to describe something that is of high quality, favorable, or desirable. It can be applied to a wide range of contexts, from describing objects and situations to expressing approval or satisfaction. For example: This is a good book「これは良い本です」(これはよいほんです). The weather is good today「今日は天気が良い」(きょうはてんきがよい). Additionally, '良い' can sometimes be used to express permission, as in 'It's good to go'「行っても良い」(いってもよい). Note that '良い' is often pronounced as 'いい' in casual speech, though the meaning remains the same.

Radical

艮

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

334

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lose, Fault

Reading

Parts

大Big 丿Katakana no 夫Man, Husband

Example Word

失恋: heartbreak. The Japanese verbal noun '失恋 (しつれん)' refers to the experience of heartbreak or the end of a romantic relationship. It is commonly used to describe the emotional state of someone who has been rejected or has broken up with a romantic partner. For example: She is suffering from heartbreak「彼女は失恋で苦しんでいる」(かのじょはしつれんでくるしんでいる). He experienced heartbreak for the first time「彼は初めて失恋を経験した」(かれははじめてしつれんをけいけんした). The term carries a strong emotional weight and is often associated with feelings of sadness and loss.

Radical

大

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

335

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Difficult

Reading

Example Word

災難: disaster. The Japanese noun '災難 (さいなん)' refers to a 'disaster' or 'calamity'. It is used to describe unfortunate events or misfortunes that cause significant harm or distress. This word can be applied to both natural disasters and personal misfortunes. For example: That was a terrible disaster「それはひどい災難だった」(それはひどいさいなんだった). He encountered a great misfortune「彼は大きな災難に遭った」(かれはおおきなさいなんにあった). The term carries a sense of severity and often implies an unexpected or unavoidable event.

Radical

隹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

337

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Snow

Reading

Parts

雨Rain 彐Katakana yo

Example Word

大雪: heavy snow. The Japanese noun '大雪 (おおゆき)' refers to 'heavy snow'. It is used to describe a significant snowfall, often implying that the snow is deep or has caused disruptions. This term is commonly used in weather forecasts or when discussing winter conditions. For example: Heavy snow is expected tomorrow「明日は大雪が予想されています」(あしたはおおゆきがよそうされています). The heavy snow blocked the roads「大雪で道路がふさがれた」(おおゆきでどうろがふさがれた). Note that '大雪' can also be used metaphorically to describe something overwhelming or abundant, though this usage is less common.

Radical

雨

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

338

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Example

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)列File

Example Word

事例: example. The Japanese noun '事例 (じれい)' means 'example' or 'case'. It is commonly used to refer to specific instances, cases, or examples, often in formal or professional contexts such as reports, studies, or discussions. For instance: This is a typical example「これは典型的な事例です」(これはてんけいてきなじれいです). We analyzed several cases「いくつかの事例を分析しました」(いくつかのじれいをぶんせきしました). The word is often used in contexts like business, law, or research to describe real-world scenarios or precedents.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

339

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Together

Reading

Parts

龷Twenty (廿)八Eight

Example Word

共通語: common language. The Japanese noun '共通語 (きょうつうご)' refers to a 'common language' or 'lingua franca' that is widely understood and used by people across different regions or groups. It often implies a standard form of communication that bridges dialects or languages. For example: English is the common language of the world「英語は世界の共通語です」(えいごはせかいのきょうつうごです). In Japan, standard Japanese is the common language「日本では標準語が共通語です」(にほんではひょうじゅんごがきょうつうごです). This term can also refer to shared terminology within specific fields or communities.

Radical

八

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

340

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Darkness

Reading

Parts

音Sound 日Day, Sun

Example Word

薄暗い: dim. The Japanese adjective '薄暗い (うすぐらい)' means 'dim'. It is used to describe a place or environment that is not fully lit, often implying a faint or weak light. This word can evoke a sense of gloominess or mystery, depending on the context. For example: The room was dim「部屋は薄暗かった」(へやはうすぐらかった). The forest was dim in the evening「夕方の森は薄暗かった」(ゆうがたのもりはうすぐらかった). Note that '薄暗い' is often used to describe natural lighting conditions, such as twilight or the interior of a poorly lit space.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

341

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Path

Reading

Parts

各Each ⻊Foot (足)

Example Word

進路: path. The Japanese noun '進路 (しんろ)' primarily means 'path' or 'course'. It is often used to describe the direction or route one takes, whether literally or metaphorically. In a literal sense, it can refer to the path of a vehicle or a person. For example: The ship changed its course「船は進路を変えた」(ふねはしんろをかえた). In a more abstract sense, it is commonly used to discuss one's future or career path. For example: I am thinking about my future path「私は進路について考えています」(わたしはしんろについてかんがえています). This word is frequently used in educational or career counseling contexts to discuss future plans or directions.

Radical

足

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

343

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Join, Add

Reading

Parts

力Power 口Mouth

Example Word

加える: add. The Japanese verb '加える (くわえる)' means 'to add'. It is used when incorporating something into a group, mixture, or situation. This verb can be applied in various contexts, such as adding ingredients to a recipe, adding information to a discussion, or adding a new member to a team. For example: add sugar to the tea「お茶に砂糖を加える」(おちゃにさとうをくわえる). He added a new rule to the game「彼はゲームに新しいルールを加えた」(かれはゲームにあたらしいルールをくわえた). Note that '加える' often implies a deliberate action of inclusion.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

345

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lady

Reading

Parts

女Woman 帚

Example Word

夫婦: married couple. The Japanese noun '夫婦 (ふうふ)' means 'married couple'. This word refers to two people who are married to each other, regardless of gender. It is used to describe the relationship between the spouses. For example: They are a married couple 「彼らは夫婦です」 (かれらはふうふです). The married couple went on a trip 「夫婦は旅行に行きました」 (ふうふはりょこうにいきました). Note that this word is neutral and does not imply any particular marital status other than being married.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

346

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Branch, Support

Reading

Parts

十Ten 又Again

Example Word

収支: balance. The Japanese noun '収支 (しゅうし)' refers to the 'balance' between income and expenses, often used in financial or budgetary contexts. It is commonly used to describe the financial state of a company, organization, or individual. For example: The company's balance is stable「会社の収支は安定している」(かいしゃのしゅうしはあんていしている). We need to check the monthly balance「月次の収支を確認する必要がある」(げつじのしゅうしをかくにんするひつようがある). This term is essential in discussions about budgeting, accounting, and financial planning.

Radical

支

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

347

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Government, Politics

Reading

Parts

正Correct 攵Strike

Example Word

政策: policy. The Japanese noun '政策 (せいさく)' refers to a 'policy', particularly in the context of government or organizational strategies and plans. It is used to describe a course or principle of action adopted or proposed by an authority. For example: The government announced a new economic policy「政府は新しい経済政策を発表した」(せいふはあたらしいけいざいせいさくをはっぴょうした). This company has a strict environmental policy「この会社は厳しい環境政策を持っている」(このかいしゃはきびしいかんきょうせいさくをもっている). The term is often used in formal contexts and can apply to various fields such as economic, social, or foreign policy.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

348

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ability

Reading

Parts

䏍 匕Spoon

Example Word

本能: instinct. The Japanese noun '本能 (ほんのう)' means 'instinct'. It refers to the innate, automatic behaviors or reactions that living beings have, which are not learned but rather inherent. This word is often used in contexts related to biology, psychology, or everyday situations where natural, unthinking actions are described. For example: Animals act by instinct「動物は本能で行動する」(どうぶつはほんのうでこうどうする). His instinct told him to run「彼の本能は逃げろと言った」(かれのほんのうはにげろといった). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe strong, natural impulses in humans, such as survival instinct or maternal instinct.

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

349

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Neck

Reading

Parts

䒑Herbs 自Self

Example Word

首相: prime minister. The Japanese noun '首相 (しゅしょう)' refers to the 'prime minister', who is the head of government in Japan. This term is specifically used to denote the leader of the cabinet and the chief executive of the country. The prime minister is appointed by the emperor after being designated by the National Diet. For example: The prime minister held a press conference「首相は記者会見を行った」(しゅしょうはきしゃかいけんをおこなった). The prime minister visited the disaster area「首相は被災地を訪れた」(しゅしょうはひさいちをおとずれた). It's important to note that '首相' is a formal title and is used in both written and spoken contexts when referring to the head of the government.

Radical

首

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

351

Radical Form

𦣻

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ride

Reading

Parts

千Thousand 廾Twenty 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

乗り物: vehicle. The Japanese noun '乗り物 (のりもの)' refers to a 'vehicle' or 'means of transportation'. It is a general term that can be used to describe any mode of transport, such as cars, buses, trains, bicycles, or even boats. This word is often used in everyday conversations when discussing travel or commuting. For example: I use public transportation to go to work「私は仕事に行くのに公共交通機関の乗り物を使います」(わたしはしごとにいくのにこうきょうこうつうきかんののりものをつかいます). Children love riding amusement park rides「子供たちは遊園地の乗り物に乗るのが大好きです」(こどもたちはゆうえんちののりものにのるのがだいすきです). The term can also be used metaphorically to describe something that helps you achieve a goal or move forward in life.

Radical

丿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

352

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Duty

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 殳Pike

Example Word

役人: official. The Japanese noun '役人 (やくにん)' refers to a government official or civil servant. This term is used to describe someone who works in a public office or holds a position of authority within a government organization. It can be used in various contexts, such as discussing local, national, or bureaucratic roles. For example: The official inspected the documents「役人が書類を検査した」(やくにんがしょるいをけんさした). He became a government official「彼は役人になった」(かれはやくにんになった). The term carries a neutral to formal tone and is often associated with administrative or regulatory duties.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

354

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Knowledge, Discernment

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)戠

Example Word

無意識: unconsciously. The Japanese adverb '無意識 (むいしき)' means 'unconsciously'. It refers to actions or behaviors performed without conscious thought or awareness. This term is often used in psychological contexts or to describe habitual actions. For example: He unconsciously tapped his fingers on the table「彼は無意識にテーブルを指でトントンと叩いていた」(かれはむいしきにテーブルをゆびでとんとんとたたいていた). She unconsciously smiled when she saw the photo「彼女はその写真を見て無意識に笑った」(かのじょはそのしゃしんをみてむいしきにわらった). The term can also be used in broader contexts to describe subconscious processes or states.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

355

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Guest, Customer

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 各Each

Example Word

観客: audience. The Japanese noun '観客 (かんきゃく)' refers to the 'audience' or 'spectators' who watch a performance, event, or show. It is commonly used in contexts such as theater, concerts, sports, or any public gathering where people observe an activity. For example: The audience applauded loudly「観客は大きな拍手を送った」(かんきゃくはおおきなはくしゅをおくった). The spectators were excited about the game「観客は試合に興奮していた」(かんきゃくはしあいにはしゃくしていた). This word emphasizes the collective group of people watching rather than individuals.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

356

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Breath

Reading

Parts

心Heart 自Self

Example Word

息: breath. The Japanese noun '息 (いき)' means 'breath'. It refers to the air taken into or expelled from the lungs, and is commonly used in contexts related to breathing, such as holding one's breath or being out of breath. For example: I took a deep breath「私は深く息をした」(わたしはふかくいきをした). He was out of breath after running「彼は走った後で息が切れていた」(かれははしったあとでいきがきれていた). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a pause or moment of rest, as in 'a breath of fresh air'.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

358

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Finger

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)旨Purport, Delicious

Example Word

指定: designation. The Japanese verbal noun '指定 (してい)' means 'designation' or 'specification'. It refers to the act of assigning or specifying something, such as a place, time, or condition. It is commonly used in formal or administrative contexts. For example: The designated meeting place is here「指定された集合場所はここです」(していされたしゅうごうばしょはここです). Please specify the time「時間を指定してください」(じかんをしていしてください). This term is often used in legal, technical, or official settings to indicate a specific requirement or assignment.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

359

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

King

Reading

Parts

一One 土Soil

Example Word

王様: king. The Japanese noun '王様 (おうさま)' means 'king'. It is used to refer to a male monarch or ruler of a kingdom. This term carries a sense of respect and authority, often used in fairy tales, historical contexts, or to describe someone with great power or influence. For example: The king ruled the country wisely「王様は国を賢く治めた」(おうさまはくにをかしこくおさめた). The king wore a golden crown「王様は金色の王冠をかぶっていた」(おうさまはきんいろのおうかんをかぶっていた). Note that '王様' is more commonly used in storytelling or formal contexts, while '王 (おう)' is a more neutral term for 'king'.

Radical

玉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

363

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Rank

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)立Stand

Example Word

優位: superiority. The Japanese noun '優位 (ゆうい)' means 'superiority' or 'advantage'. It is used to describe a state where one side or entity is in a better or more dominant position compared to another. This term is often used in competitive contexts, such as sports, business, or debates. For example: Our team has the advantage「私たちのチームが優位にある」(わたしたちのチームがゆういにある). The company maintained its superiority in the market「その会社は市場で優位を保った」(そのかいしゃはしじょうでゆういをたもった). The word can also be used in abstract contexts, such as moral or intellectual superiority.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

366

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hope, Ambition

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 月Moon, Month 王King

Example Word

欲望: desire. The Japanese noun '欲望 (よくぼう)' means 'desire'. It refers to a strong feeling of wanting to have something or wishing for something to happen. This word is often used in contexts related to human emotions, ambitions, or cravings, and it can encompass both physical and emotional desires. For example: His desire for success is strong「彼の成功への欲望は強い」(かれのせいこうへのよくぼうはつよい). She couldn't control her desire for sweets「彼女は甘いものへの欲望を抑えられなかった」(かのじょはあまいものへのよくぼうをおさえられなかった). The word can also be used in philosophical or psychological discussions to describe innate human drives.

Radical

月

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

367

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Distribute

Reading

Parts

酉Bird of the zodiac 己Oneself

Example Word

分配: distribution. The Japanese noun '分配 (ぶんぱい)' refers to the act of distributing or allocating something among a group of people or entities. It is commonly used in contexts involving the division of resources, responsibilities, or benefits. For example: The distribution of profits was fair「利益の分配は公平だった」(りえきのぶんぱいはこうへいだった). They discussed the distribution of tasks「彼らは任務の分配について話し合った」(かれらはにんむのぶんぱいについてはなしあった). This term is often used in economic, organizational, or social contexts to describe how something is divided or shared.

Radical

酉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

368

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Occasion

Reading

Parts

⻖ 祭Ritual

Example Word

交際: dating. The Japanese verbal noun '交際 (こうさい)' primarily refers to the act of dating or being in a romantic relationship. It can also imply social interaction or association in a broader sense, but it is most commonly used to describe romantic relationships. For example: They are dating「彼らは交際している」(かれらはこうさいしている). I heard they started dating last month「先月から交際を始めたと聞いた」(せんげつからこうさいをはじめたときいた). The term is often used in formal contexts to describe the status of a relationship, such as in news reports or official statements.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

369

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Victory

Reading

Parts

月Moon, Month 劵Fatigue

Example Word

優勝: victory or championship. The Japanese verbal noun '優勝 (ゆうしょう)' refers to winning a competition or tournament, often implying a championship or first-place finish. It is commonly used in sports, games, or contests. For example: Our team won the championship「私たちのチームが優勝した」(わたしたちのチームがゆうしょうした). He achieved victory in the tournament「彼はトーナメントで優勝した」(かれはトーナメントでゆうしょうした). The word carries a sense of achievement and is often associated with formal or competitive settings.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

377

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Set, Hang

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)圭 卜Divination

Example Word

見掛ける: notice. The Japanese verb '見掛ける (みかける)' means 'to notice' or 'to catch sight of'. It is used when you happen to see or notice something or someone, often by chance. This verb implies that the action of seeing is not intentional or planned, but rather incidental. For example: I noticed a strange man on the street「変な男を道で見掛けた」(へんなおとこをみちでみかけた). She noticed a rare bird in the park「彼女は公園で珍しい鳥を見掛けた」(かのじょはこうえんでめずらしいとりをみかけた). The verb can also be used to describe seeing someone or something frequently, as in 'I often notice him at the library'「彼を図書館でよく見掛ける」(かれをとしょかんでよくみかける).

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

379

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Happiness

Reading

Parts

土Soil 𢆉Sheep (羊)

Example Word

不幸せ: unhappy. The Japanese adjectival noun '不幸せ (ふしあわせ)' means 'unhappy'. It describes a state of not being happy or content, often due to unfavorable circumstances or emotional distress. This word is commonly used to express a lack of happiness in a general sense, whether it pertains to life, relationships, or specific situations. For example: She looks unhappy「彼女は不幸せそうだ」(かのじょはふしあわせそうだ). His life seems unhappy「彼の人生は不幸せだ」(かれのじんせいはふしあわせだ). Note that '不幸せ' is often used in contexts where the lack of happiness is noticeable or significant, and it carries a slightly more emotional weight compared to its antonym '幸せ (しあわせ)' (happy).

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

380

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Cross, Transit

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)度Degrees, Times

Example Word

渡る: cross. The Japanese verb '渡る (わたる)' means 'to cross'. It is used when referring to physically crossing something, such as a street, river, or bridge. It can also be used metaphorically to describe crossing over into a different state or condition. For example: I crossed the street「道を渡った」(みちをわたった). The bird crossed the river「鳥は川を渡った」(とりはかわをわたった). In a metaphorical sense, it can be used as in 'to cross over to the other side'「向こう側に渡る」(むこうがわにわたる). The verb is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the thing being crossed.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

381

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Follow

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 𠂤Pile up

Example Word

追う: chase. The Japanese verb '追う (おう)' primarily means 'to chase' or 'to pursue'. It is used to describe the act of following someone or something with the intent to catch or reach them. This verb can be used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: The police chased the thief「警察は泥棒を追った」(けいさつはどろぼうをおった). She is pursuing her dreams「彼女は夢を追っている」(かのじょはゆめをおっている). Additionally, '追う' can also mean 'to follow' in the sense of tracking or monitoring, such as following a story or event: The reporter followed the story closely「記者はその事件を追った」(きしゃはそのじけんをおった).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

385

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Step, Stairs

Reading

Parts

殳Pike

Example Word

一段: step or level. The Japanese noun '一段 (いちだん)' can mean 'step' or 'level'. When referring to 'step', it often describes a physical step or stage in a process. For example: climb one step「一段登る」(いちだんのぼる). When referring to 'level', it can indicate a degree or rank, such as in skill or quality. For example: reach a higher level「一段高いレベルに達する」(いちだんたかいレベルにたっする). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

殳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

387

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Extinguish

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)肖Resemble, Resemblance

Example Word

解消: resolution. The Japanese noun '解消 (かいしょう)' refers to the act of resolving, eliminating, or dissolving something, such as a problem, tension, or a condition. It is often used in contexts where an issue or situation is being cleared or settled. For example: The tension was resolved「緊張が解消された」(きんちょうがかいしょうされた). We need to resolve this problem「この問題を解消する必要がある」(このもんだいをかいしょうするひつようがある). The term can also be used in contexts like stress relief or dissolving a contract, emphasizing the idea of something being cleared or removed.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

395

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Break off, Extinction

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 色Color

Example Word

絶える: cease. The Japanese verb '絶える (たえる)' means 'to cease' or 'to come to an end'. It is used to describe something that stops happening or existing. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as the end of a relationship, the cessation of a natural phenomenon, or the discontinuation of a tradition. For example: the rain ceased「雨が絶えた」(あめがたえた). Their communication ceased「彼らのコミュニケーションが絶えた」(かれらのコミュニケーションがたえた). It's important to note that this verb often carries a sense of finality, implying that the cessation is permanent or long-lasting.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

397

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Protect

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 寸Measurement

Example Word

守備: defense. The Japanese verbal noun '守備 (しゅび)' means 'defense'. It is commonly used in contexts related to sports, military, or general protection. In sports, it refers to the act of defending against an opponent's attack. For example: His defense is strong「彼の守備は強い」(かれのしゅびはつよい). The team needs to improve their defense「チームは守備を改善する必要がある」(チームはしゅびをかいぜんするひつようがある). In a broader sense, it can also refer to safeguarding or protecting something, such as in 'national defense' (国防, こくぼう).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

399

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Garden

Reading

Parts

广Dotted cliff 廷Court

Example Word

家庭: family or home. The Japanese noun '家庭 (かてい)' refers to both 'home' and 'family', depending on the context. It emphasizes the domestic environment or household, often including the family unit living together. For example: My home is peaceful「私の家庭は平和です」(わたしのかていはへいわです). A happy family「幸せな家庭」(しあわせなかてい). It is commonly used in contexts discussing family life, household management, or domestic situations. The word carries a sense of warmth and togetherness, often implying a close-knit family unit.

Radical

广

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

402

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

All

Reading

Parts

比Compare, Ratio 白White

Example Word

皆様: everyone. The Japanese noun '皆様 (みなさま)' is a polite and respectful way to refer to 'everyone' or 'all of you'. It is often used in formal settings, speeches, or when addressing a group of people with respect. For example: Thank you, everyone「皆様、ありがとうございます」(みなさま、ありがとうございます). Everyone, please take care「皆様、お気をつけてください」(みなさま、おきをつけてください). The term is more formal than '皆 (みな)' and is commonly used in written communication or formal announcements.

Radical

白

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

403

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dream

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 罒Net 冖Crown 夕Evening

Example Word

夢: dream. The Japanese noun '夢 (ゆめ)' primarily means 'dream'. It can refer to the dreams one experiences while sleeping, as well as aspirations or hopes for the future. For example: I had a strange dream last night「昨夜、変な夢を見た」(さくや、へんなゆめをみた). Her dream is to become a doctor「彼女の夢は医者になることです」(かのじょのゆめはいしゃになることです). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something that feels unreal or fantastical, such as 'a dreamlike scenery' (夢のような景色 - ゆめのようなけしき).

Radical

夕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

405

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kind, Type

Reading

Parts

类 頁Page

Example Word

種類: kind or type. The Japanese noun '種類 (しゅるい)' refers to a 'kind' or 'type' of something. It is used to categorize or classify things based on their characteristics. For example: there are many kinds of flowers「花の種類はたくさんあります」(はなのしゅるいはたくさんあります). What type of music do you like?「どんな種類の音楽が好きですか？」(どんなしゅるいのおんがくがすきですか？). This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and can apply to a wide range of contexts, such as food, animals, products, or ideas.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

407

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Metropolis

Reading

Parts

者Someone ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

都立: metropolitan. The Japanese noun '都立 (とりつ)' refers to something that is established or operated by the Tokyo Metropolitan Government. It is commonly used in the context of institutions such as schools, hospitals, or parks that are managed by the metropolitan authority. For example: a metropolitan high school「都立高校」(とりつこうこう). The metropolitan hospital is large「都立病院は大きい」(とりつびょういんはおおきい). This term is specific to Tokyo and highlights the administrative jurisdiction of the metropolitan government over certain public facilities.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

409

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Wife

Reading

Parts

女Woman 肀

Example Word

妻: wife. The Japanese noun '妻 (つま)' means 'wife'. It refers to a married woman in relation to her spouse. This term is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts. For example: my wife is kind「私の妻は優しい」(わたしのつまはやさしい). He introduced his wife「彼は妻を紹介した」(かれはつまをしょうかいした). The word '妻' is neutral and does not carry any particular nuance, making it suitable for various situations. It is important to note that '妻' specifically refers to a wife and not to a girlfriend or fiancée.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

412

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Some, How many

Reading

Parts

幺Slight 戈 人Person

Example Word

幾つ: how many. The Japanese noun '幾つ (いくつ)' is used to ask about the number or quantity of something, typically when the exact number is unknown or unspecified. It is often translated as 'how many' in English. This word is commonly used in questions to inquire about age, quantity, or the number of items. For example: How many apples are there?「りんごは幾つありますか？」(りんごはいくつありますか？). How old is your child?「お子さんは幾つですか？」(おこさんはいくつですか？). Note that '幾つ' is more formal and less commonly used in casual conversation compared to '何個 (なんこ)' or '何歳 (なんさい)' for specific contexts.

Radical

幺

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

414

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sad

Reading

Parts

非Mistake, Negative 心Heart

Example Word

悲惨: misery. The Japanese noun '悲惨 (ひさん)' means 'misery' or 'tragedy'. It is used to describe a state of extreme unhappiness, suffering, or distress, often due to unfortunate events or circumstances. This word carries a strong emotional weight and is typically used in serious contexts, such as describing the aftermath of a disaster, a tragic story, or a dire situation. For example: The misery after the earthquake was unbearable「地震後の悲惨は耐えられなかった」(じしんごのひさんはたえられなかった). The tragedy of war left the country in ruins「戦争の悲惨が国を廃墟にした」(せんそうのひさんがくにをはいきょにした).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

415

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Bend, Fold

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

折る: break or fold. The Japanese verb '折る (おる)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to break', often used when something snaps or is physically broken, such as a branch or a bone. For example: I broke a branch「枝を折った」(えだをおった). The second meaning is 'to fold', used when bending something, like paper or fabric, to create a crease. For example: She folded the paper「彼女は紙を折った」(かのじょはかみをおった). The context usually clarifies which meaning is intended. Note that this verb is transitive and requires an object.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

416

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Continue

Reading

Parts

糸Thread 売Sell

Example Word

接続: connection. The Japanese verbal noun '接続 (せつぞく)' primarily means 'connection'. It is used to refer to the act of connecting or linking things together, whether physically, logically, or in terms of communication. For example: The connection between the two devices is stable「二つのデバイスの接続は安定している」(ふたつのデバイスのせつぞくはあんていしている). Please check the internet connection「インターネットの接続を確認してください」(インターネットのせつぞくをかくにんしてください). This term is commonly used in technical contexts, such as electronics, networking, and transportation, but can also be applied to abstract concepts like relationships or ideas.

Radical

糸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

417

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide, Cut off

Reading

Parts

斤Axe, Catty 米Rice

Example Word

判断: judgment. The Japanese verbal noun '判断 (はんだん)' means 'judgment' or 'decision'. It refers to the act of making a decision or forming an opinion after careful consideration. This word is often used in contexts where someone evaluates a situation or information to reach a conclusion. For example: I made a quick judgment「私はすぐに判断した」(わたしはすぐにはんだんした). His judgment was correct「彼の判断は正しかった」(かれのはんだんはただしかった). It can also be used in professional or formal settings, such as in legal or medical contexts, to describe the process of making a critical decision.

Radical

斤

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

418

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Limit

Reading

Parts

⻖ 艮Stopping

Example Word

限: limit. The Japanese suffix '限 (げん)' means 'limit' or 'boundary'. It is often used to indicate a restriction, boundary, or extent of something. This suffix is commonly attached to nouns to form compound words that express a specific limit or scope. For example: time limit「時間限」(じかんげん). Capacity limit「定員限」(ていいんげん). It can also be used in phrases like '期限 (きげん)', which means 'deadline' or 'time limit'. Note that '限' is rarely used as a standalone word and is typically part of compound words or phrases.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

419

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Go across, Go beyond

Reading

Parts

走Run 戉

Example Word

追い越す: overtake. The Japanese verb '追い越す (おいこす)' means 'to overtake'. This verb is used when one vehicle or person passes another that is moving in the same direction. It is commonly used in the context of driving, cycling, or running. For example: The car overtook the truck「その車はトラックを追い越した」(そのくるまはトラックをおいこした). I overtook the runner in front of me「前のランナーを追い越した」(まえのランナーをおいこした). The verb can also be used metaphorically to describe surpassing someone in a non-physical sense, such as in a competition or career.

Radical

走

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

420

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Spirit, Refine

Reading

Parts

米Rice 青Blue

Example Word

精: essence or vitality. The Japanese noun '精 (せい)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'essence', referring to the intrinsic nature or indispensable quality of something. For example: the essence of life「生命の精」(せいめいのせい). The second meaning is 'vitality', referring to the state of being strong and active. For example: he has a lot of vitality「彼は精が溢れている」(かれはせいがあふれている). This word is often used in contexts related to energy, spirit, or the core nature of something. It can also appear in compounds, such as '精神 (せいしん)' meaning 'mind' or 'spirit'.

Radical

米

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

421

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ask, Trust

Reading

Parts

束Bundle, Bind 頁Page

Example Word

頼る: rely. The Japanese verb '頼る (たよる)' means 'to rely on' or 'to depend on'. It is used when someone depends on another person, thing, or situation for support or help. This verb often implies a sense of trust or necessity in the reliance. For example: I rely on my friends「私は友達に頼る」(わたしはともだちにたよる). He depends on his parents for money「彼はお金を親に頼る」(かれはおかねをおやにたよる). The verb can also be used in a negative context, such as when someone relies too much on others. Note that '頼る' is often used with the particle 'に' to indicate the person or thing being relied upon.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

424

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Side

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)則Rule

Example Word

側面: side or aspect. The Japanese noun '側面 (そくめん)' can mean 'side' or 'aspect'. When referring to 'side', it often describes the physical side of an object or structure, such as the side of a building. For example: The side of the building is painted blue「建物の側面は青く塗られている」(たてもののそくめんはあおくぬられている). When used to mean 'aspect', it refers to a particular feature or perspective of a situation or topic. For example: We need to consider all aspects of the problem「問題のすべての側面を考慮する必要がある」(もんだいのすべてのそくめんをこうりょするひつようがある). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

426

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Back, Height

Reading

Parts

北North 肉Meat

Example Word

背後: behind. The Japanese noun '背後 (はいご)' means 'behind' or 'the back'. It is used to refer to the area or position at the back of something or someone. This word can be used both literally and figuratively. For example: There is a park behind the building「建物の背後に公園があります」(たてもののはいごにこうえんがあります). The truth behind the incident is still unclear「事件の背後にある真実はまだ不明です」(じけんのはいごにあるしんじつはまだふめいです). In a figurative sense, it can also imply something hidden or not immediately apparent, such as motives or reasons behind actions.

Radical

肉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

429

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Contain, Looks

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 谷Valley

Example Word

形容詞: adjective. The Japanese noun '形容詞 (けいようし)' refers to 'adjective' in English. It is a part of speech that describes or modifies a noun, providing additional information about its qualities or states. In Japanese grammar, 形容詞 specifically refers to i-adjectives, which are a distinct category of adjectives that end in 'い' in their dictionary form. For example: This is a beautiful flower「これは美しい花です」(これはうつくしいはなです). The weather is cold today「今日は寒いです」(きょうはさむいです). Understanding 形容詞 is crucial for constructing descriptive sentences in Japanese.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

430

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Push, Press down

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)甲Armor, Shell

Example Word

押し付ける: impose. The Japanese verb '押し付ける (おしつける)' means 'to impose' or 'to force something onto someone'. It is often used when someone is making another person accept or deal with something they may not want, such as responsibilities, opinions, or tasks. This verb carries a nuance of pressure or coercion. For example: He imposed his opinion on me「彼は意見を私に押し付けた」(かれはけんをわたしにおしつけた). Don't force your work onto others「仕事を他人に押し付けないで」(しごとをたにんにおしつけないで). The verb can also imply a physical action of pressing or pushing something onto someone or something, though this usage is less common.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

431

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Play

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 斿Move freely

Example Word

遊ぶ: play. The Japanese verb '遊ぶ (あそぶ)' means 'to play'. It is commonly used to describe engaging in recreational activities, games, or spending leisure time. This verb can be used for children playing, adults enjoying hobbies, or even animals playing. For example: The children are playing in the park「子供たちは公園で遊んでいる」(こどもたちはこうえんであそんでいる). I like to play video games「私はゲームで遊ぶのが好きです」(わたしはゲームであそぶのがすきです). Note that '遊ぶ' can also imply spending time idly or not working, as in 'He is just playing around and not studying'「彼は遊んでいて勉強していない」(かれはあそんでいてべんきょうしていない).

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

432

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Release

Reading

Parts

方Direction 攵Strike

Example Word

放し: left. The Japanese suffix '放し (はなす)' is used to indicate that something is left in a particular state or condition, often implying neglect or abandonment. It is commonly attached to verbs to form compound words. For example: the door was left open「ドアが開け放しだった」(ドアがあけはなしだった). The lights were left on「電気がつけ放しだった」(でんきがつけはなしだった). This suffix can also imply a sense of carelessness or lack of attention to the state of something.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

435

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Give, Involvement

Reading

Example Word

与える: give. The Japanese verb '与える (あたえる)' means 'to give'. It is used to describe the act of providing something to someone, often in a formal or authoritative context. This verb can be used for tangible items, such as gifts or money, as well as intangible things like opportunities, rights, or responsibilities. For example: The teacher gave the students homework「先生は学生に宿題を与えた」(せんせいはがくせいにしゅくだいをあたえた). The government gave the citizens new rights「政府は市民に新しい権利を与えた」(せいふはしみんにあたらしいけんりをあたえた). Note that '与える' often implies a sense of authority or control over what is being given, distinguishing it from more casual verbs like 'あげる'.

Radical

一

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

437

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Quiet

Reading

Parts

青Blue 争Dispute

Example Word

静まる: calm. The Japanese verb '静まる (しずまる)' means 'to calm down' or 'to become quiet'. It is used to describe a situation, place, or person becoming calm or quiet after a period of noise, activity, or disturbance. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as describing the calming of a storm, the quieting of a crowd, or the settling of emotions. For example: The storm has calmed down「嵐が静まった」(あらしがしずまった). The room became quiet after the teacher entered「先生が入ってきて、部屋が静まった」(せんせいがはいってきて、へやがしずまった). It is important to note that '静まる' often implies a natural or gradual process of becoming calm or quiet.

Radical

青

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

439

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lodging

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 亻Person (人)百Hundred

Example Word

宿: inn. The Japanese noun '宿 (やど)' primarily means 'inn' or 'lodging'. It refers to a place where travelers can stay overnight, such as a traditional Japanese inn or a guesthouse. This word is often used in contexts related to travel or temporary accommodation. For example: I stayed at a small inn「小さな宿に泊まった」(ちいさなやどにとまった). The inn is located near the hot spring「その宿は温泉の近くにある」(そのやどはおんせんのちかくにある). Additionally, '宿' can sometimes refer to a place of residence or a home, but this usage is less common and typically context-dependent.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

440

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Forget

Reading

Parts

亡Death, Deceased 心Heart

Example Word

忘年会: year end party. The Japanese noun '忘年会 (ぼうねんかい)' refers to a 'year-end party'. This is a traditional event held in Japan at the end of the year, typically in December, where colleagues, friends, or groups gather to celebrate the passing year and forget the hardships or troubles of the past year. The word itself combines '忘年' (forgetting the year) and '会' (gathering/party). These parties often involve food, drinks, and sometimes karaoke. Example sentences: Let's have a year-end party「忘年会をしましょう」(ぼうねんかいをしましょう). The company's year-end party was fun「会社の忘年会は楽しかった」(かいしゃのぼうねんかいはたのしかった).

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

441

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Chirp

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 鳥Bird

Example Word

鳴く: cry. The Japanese verb '鳴く (なく)' means 'to cry' or 'to make a sound', specifically referring to the sounds made by animals, such as birds chirping or dogs barking. It is not used for human crying, which would be '泣く (なく)' (same pronunciation but different kanji). For example: The bird is chirping「鳥が鳴いている」(とりがないている). The dog barked at night「犬が夜に鳴いた」(いぬがよるにないた). This verb is commonly used to describe animal sounds in nature or in everyday situations.

Radical

鳥

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

442

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Descend, Fall

Reading

Parts

⻖ 夅

Example Word

乗り降り: boarding or alighting. The Japanese verbal noun '乗り降り (のりおり)' refers to the act of boarding and alighting from a vehicle, such as a train, bus, or car. It is often used in contexts involving transportation. For example: The station is crowded with people boarding and alighting「駅は乗り降りの人で混雑している」(えきはのりおりのひとでこんざつしている). Please be careful when boarding and alighting「乗り降りの際はご注意ください」(のりおりのさいはごちゅういください). This word is commonly seen in transportation-related announcements and signage.

Radical

阜

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

444

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Escape

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 兆Omen, Trillion

Example Word

逃げ道: escape. The Japanese noun '逃げ道 (にげみち)' literally means 'escape route' or 'way out'. It refers to a path or method that allows someone to escape from a difficult or dangerous situation. This word can be used both literally, such as finding a physical escape route, and figuratively, such as finding a way to avoid responsibility or a tricky situation. For example: He always looks for an escape「彼はいつも逃げ道を探す」(かれはいつもにげみちをさがす). There is no escape from this situation「この状況から逃げ道はない」(このじょうきょうからにげみちはない). The word carries a nuance of seeking a solution or exit, often under pressure.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

446

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Evening, Nightfall

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 免Excuse, Exempt

Example Word

晩: evening. The Japanese noun '晩 (ばん)' refers to the time of day known as 'evening'. It is used to describe the period from late afternoon to night. This term is often used in contexts related to time, such as scheduling or describing daily routines. For example: I will go in the evening「晩に行きます」(ばんにいきます). We had dinner in the evening「晩に夕食を食べました」(ばんにゆうしょくをたべました). It's important to note that '晩' can also be used in compound words to specify times, such as '今晩 (こんばん)' meaning 'tonight'.

Radical

日

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

448

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Dance

Reading

Example Word

暑中見舞い: summer greeting. The Japanese noun '暑中見舞い (しょちゅうみまい)' refers to a traditional summer greeting card sent during the hottest part of the year, typically in July or August. It is a way to inquire about someone's well-being and express concern for their health during the intense summer heat. These cards are often sent to friends, family, or colleagues and may include updates about the sender's life or seasonal greetings. Example sentences: I sent a summer greeting to my friend「友達に暑中見舞いを送りました」(ともだちにしょちゅうみまいをおくりました). Did you receive a summer greeting card?「暑中見舞いをもらいましたか？」(しょちゅうみまいをもらいましたか？).

Radical

舛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

452

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Float

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)孚

Example Word

浮かび上がる: surface or emerge. The Japanese verb '浮かび上がる (うかびあがる)' can mean 'to surface' or 'to emerge'. It is often used to describe something physically rising to the surface, such as an object in water, or metaphorically to describe something becoming apparent or clear. For example: the truth emerged「真実が浮かび上がった」(しんじつがうかびあがった). The sunken ship surfaced「沈んだ船が浮かび上がった」(しずんだふねがうかびあがった). This verb can also be used to describe emotions or memories coming to the surface, as in 'memories emerged「記憶が浮かび上がった」(きおくがうかびあがった)'.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

458

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Status

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 各Each

Example Word

資格: qualification. The Japanese noun '資格 (しかく)' refers to a qualification, certification, or eligibility for something. It is often used in contexts related to professional or academic credentials, such as licenses, degrees, or certifications. For example: I have a teaching qualification「私は教員の資格を持っています」(わたしはきょういんのしかくをもっています). He obtained a qualification in engineering「彼は工学の資格を取得しました」(かれはこうがくのしかくをしゅとくしました). The word can also imply eligibility or the right to do something, such as having the qualification to vote「投票する資格がある」(とうひょうするしかくがある).

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

461

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Heat, Temperature

Reading

Parts

埶 灬Fire (火)

Example Word

熱い: hot. The Japanese adjective '熱い (あつい)' primarily means 'hot' in the sense of temperature. It is used to describe objects, liquids, or environments that have a high temperature. For example: The tea is hot「お茶が熱い」(おちゃがあつい). The stove is hot「ストーブが熱い」(ストーブがあつい). Additionally, '熱い' can also describe intense emotions or passion, such as in '熱い心 (あついこころ)' meaning 'a passionate heart'. However, this emotional usage is less common and typically context-dependent. When referring to weather, '暑い (あつい)' is used instead, which is a different word despite the identical pronunciation.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

462

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Resemble

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)以By means of

Example Word

類似: similarity. The Japanese noun '類似 (るいじ)' means 'similarity'. It refers to the state or quality of being similar or alike, often used in contexts comparing two or more things. This word is commonly used in both formal and informal settings, such as academic discussions, everyday conversations, or technical comparisons. For example: There is a similarity between the two theories「二つの理論には類似がある」(ふたつのりろんにはるいじがある). The similarity between these two paintings is striking「これらの二つの絵画の類似は驚くべきものだ」(これらのふたつのかいがのるいじはおどろくべきものだ). Note that '類似' can also be used in compound words like '類似点 (るいじてん)' (points of similarity) or '類似性 (るいじせい)' (similarity in nature).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

464

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ear

Reading

Parts

一One 三Three 丨Stick

Example Word

耳: ear. The Japanese noun '耳 (みみ)' means 'ear'. This word refers to the organ of hearing in humans and animals. It is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts. For example: my ear hurts「耳が痛い」(みみがいたい). She whispered in my ear「彼女は私の耳に囁いた」(かのじょはわたしのみみにささやいた). Additionally, '耳' can be used metaphorically to describe something that resembles an ear in shape, such as the handle of a cup, referred to as '耳' in Japanese. It is a versatile word that appears in various idiomatic expressions and compound words.

Radical

耳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

465

Handwriting