kanji

Meaning

Third person pronoun, He

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 皮Skin

Example Word

彼女: she or girlfriend. The Japanese pronoun '彼女 (かのじょ)' has two primary meanings. First, it is used to mean 'she', referring to a female person. For example: She is my friend「彼女は私の友達です」(かのじょはわたしのともだちです). Second, it can also mean 'girlfriend', referring to a romantic partner. For example: She is my girlfriend「彼女は私の彼女です」(かのじょはわたしのかのじょです). The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended. When used to mean 'girlfriend', it is often clear from the situation or additional context in the conversation.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

19

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fit, Match

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 一One 人Person

Example Word

合図: signal. The Japanese verbal noun '合図 (あいず)' means 'signal'. It refers to a gesture, sound, or action used to communicate a message or instruction. This word is commonly used in situations where non-verbal communication is necessary, such as in sports, traffic, or coordination between people. For example: He gave the signal to start「彼は始める合図をした」(かれははじめるあいずをした). The traffic light is a signal for cars「信号は車のための合図です」(しんごうはくるまのためのあいずです). Note that '合図' can also imply a prearranged sign or cue, often used in collaborative or synchronized activities.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

48

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reside, Be

Reading

Parts

尸Corpse 古Old

Example Word

居間: living room. The Japanese noun '居間 (いま)' refers to a 'living room', which is a common area in a house where people gather to relax or spend time together. This word is often used in the context of home life and interior design. For example: The living room is spacious「居間は広いです」(いまはひろいです). We watched TV in the living room「私たちは居間でテレビを見ました」(わたしたちはいまでテレビをみました). Note that '居間' is a more traditional term, and in modern Japanese, 'リビング (りびんぐ)' is also commonly used to refer to a living room.

Radical

尸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

51

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Honorable, General honorific term

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 卸Wholesale

Example Word

御腹: stomach. The Japanese noun '御腹 (おなか)' means 'stomach'. This word is commonly used to refer to the physical stomach or abdomen area of a person or animal. It can also be used more generally to talk about hunger or the state of one's stomach. For example: my stomach is full「私の御腹はいっぱいです」(わたしのおなかはいっぱいです). I have a stomach ache「御腹が痛いです」(おなかがいたいです). The term is polite and often used in everyday conversation. It is important to note that '御腹' is a more formal or polite version of '腹 (はら)', which also means 'stomach' but is less formal.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

54

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Way, Form

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 羊Sheep 氺Water (水)

Example Word

有り様: state or condition. The Japanese noun '有り様 (ありさま)' refers to the current state, condition, or appearance of something. It often carries a nuance of describing how things are or how they appear in a particular situation, sometimes with a critical or evaluative tone. For example: the state of the room was messy「部屋の有り様は散らかっていた」(へやのありさまはちらかっていた). The condition of the company is dire「会社の有り様は深刻だ」(かいしゃのありさまはしんこくだ). This word is commonly used to describe situations, circumstances, or the overall state of affairs, and it can imply a judgment or observation about how things are.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

56

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Place

Reading

Parts

戸Door 斤Axe, Catty

Example Word

洗面所: washroom. The Japanese noun '洗面所 (せんめんじょ)' refers to a 'washroom' or 'bathroom sink area'. It is specifically used to describe the area where one washes their face, brushes their teeth, or performs other personal hygiene tasks. This term is commonly used in homes, hotels, and public facilities. For example: The washroom is on the first floor「洗面所は一階にあります」(せんめんじょはいっかいにあります). I left my toothbrush in the washroom「洗面所に歯ブラシを忘れました」(せんめんじょにはブラシをわすれました). Note that this term is distinct from 'トイレ (といれ)', which specifically refers to the toilet area.

Radical

戶

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

65

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fruit, Truth

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 𡗗Folded hands

Example Word

実用: practical. The Japanese noun '実用 (じつよう)' refers to something being practical or having practical use. It is often used to describe objects, ideas, or methods that are functional and useful in real-life situations. For example: This tool is very practical「この道具は実用的です」(このどうぐはじつようてきです). The book focuses on practical applications「その本は実用に焦点を当てています」(そのほんはじつようにしょうてんをあてています). The term emphasizes utility and functionality over theoretical or abstract qualities.

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

69

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Sort of thing, In that case

Reading

Parts

火Fire 肰

Example Word

自然科学: natural science. TheJapanese noun'自然科学(しぜんかがく)'means'naturalscience'.Thistermreferstothebranchofsciencethatdealswiththephysicalworld,includingphysics,chemistry,biology,andearthsciences.Itisusedtodescribethestudyofnaturalphenomenaandthelawsthatgovernthem.Forexample:Heisstudyingnaturalscienceatuniversity「彼は大学で自然科学を勉強しています」(かれはだいがくでしぜんかがくをべんきょうしています).Naturalsciencehelpsusunderstandtheenvironment「自然科学は環境を理解するのに役立ちます」(しぜんかがくはかんきょうをりかいするのにやくだちます).Thiswordisoftenusedinacademicorformalsettings.

Radical

火

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

73

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Ruler, You

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 尹Official rank

Example Word

君主: monarch. The Japanese noun '君主 (くんしゅ)' refers to a 'monarch', a sovereign head of state, especially a king, queen, or emperor. This term is used in historical, political, and formal contexts to denote a ruler with supreme authority over a state or territory. For example: The monarch ruled the country wisely「君主は国を賢く治めた」(くんしゅはくにをかしこくおさめた). The power of the monarch was absolute「君主の権力は絶対的だった」(くんしゅのけんりょくはぜったいてきだった). The term can also be used metaphorically in literature or discussions about leadership and authority.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

75

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Face

Reading

Parts

𦣻Neck (首)八Eight 立Stand 厂Cliff 彡Fur

Example Word

横顔: profile. The Japanese noun '横顔 (よこがお)' refers to the side view or profile of a person's face. It is often used to describe someone's appearance from the side, emphasizing features like the nose, jawline, or cheekbones. This word can carry a poetic or aesthetic nuance, as it is sometimes used to highlight beauty or elegance. For example: Her profile is beautiful「彼女の横顔は美しい」(かのじょのよこがおはうつくしい). I saw his profile in the sunset「彼の横顔を夕日の中で見た」(かれのよこがおをゆうひのなかでみた). Note that '横顔' is distinct from '正面 (しょうめん)', which refers to the front view of a face.

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

79

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Face, Surface

Reading

Parts

丆Cliff (厂)囗Box 丨Stick 二Two

Example Word

方面: direction or field. The Japanese noun '方面 (ほうめん)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'direction', referring to a specific area or region, often in a geographical sense. For example: the train is heading in the direction of Tokyo「電車は東京方面に向かっています」(でんしゃはとうきょうほうめんにむかっています). The second meaning is 'field', referring to a specific area of expertise, interest, or activity. For example: he is an expert in the field of science「彼は科学方面の専門家です」(かれはかがくほうめんのせんもんかです). The word is versatile and can be used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

面

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

80

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Feeling, Sensation

Reading

Parts

心Heart 咸Same

Example Word

敏感: sensitive. The Japanese adjectival noun '敏感 (びんかん)' means 'sensitive'. It is used to describe someone or something that is highly responsive to stimuli, emotions, or changes. This word can be applied to physical sensitivity (e.g., skin, senses) or emotional sensitivity (e.g., reacting strongly to criticism or subtle changes). For example: She is sensitive to cold「彼女は寒さに敏感です」(かのじょはさむさにびんかんです). The device is sensitive to slight movements「その装置はわずかな動きに敏感です」(そのそうちはわずかなうごきにびんかんです). Note that '敏感' can also imply being perceptive or alert, depending on the context.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

83

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hit, Appropriate

Reading

Parts

⺌Small (小)彐Katakana yo

Example Word

割り当て: allocation. The Japanese noun '割り当て (わりあて)' means 'allocation'. It refers to the act of assigning or distributing something, such as resources, tasks, or responsibilities, to specific individuals or groups. This word is commonly used in contexts like work, school, or project management. For example: The allocation of tasks was fair「割り当ては公平だった」(わりあてはこうへいだった). Please check your room allocation「部屋の割り当てを確認してください」(へやのわりあてをかくにんしてください). The term can also imply a sense of division or apportionment, depending on the context.

Radical

彐

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

92

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Take

Reading

Parts

又Again 耳Ear

Example Word

受け取り: receipt. The Japanese noun '受け取り (うけとり)' primarily means 'receipt'. It refers to the act of receiving something or the document that confirms receipt of an item or payment. It is commonly used in formal and informal contexts, such as when receiving packages, documents, or payments. For example: Please confirm the receipt of the package「パッケージの受け取りを確認してください」(パッケージのうけとりをかくにんしてください). I received the receipt for the payment「支払いの受け取りを受けました」(しはらいのうけとりをうけました). Note that '受け取り' can also imply the act of accepting or acknowledging something, depending on the context.

Radical

又

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

93

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Section, Department

Reading

Parts

咅Spit ⻏Mound (阜)

Example Word

南部: south. The Japanese noun '南部 (なんぶ)' refers to the 'southern part' of a region, area, or country. It is often used in geographical contexts to describe the southern portion of a place. For example: The southern part of Japan is warm「日本の南部は暖かい」(にほんのなんぶはあたたかい). The southern region of the country is known for its beaches「その国の南部はビーチで有名です」(そのくにのなんぶはビーチでゆうめいです). This term is commonly used in place names or to specify a location within a larger area.

Radical

邑

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

94

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

God

Reading

Parts

礻Cult (示)申Report

Example Word

神社: shrine. The Japanese noun '神社 (じんじゃ)' refers to a 'shrine', which is a sacred place in Shinto religion dedicated to the worship of kami (spirits or deities). Shrines are often characterized by their distinctive architecture, including torii gates, and are places for rituals, prayers, and festivals. For example: I visited a shrine「神社に行きました」(じんじゃにいきました). The shrine is old「その神社は古いです」(そのじんじゃはふるいです). Shrines play a significant role in Japanese culture and are commonly visited during New Year celebrations and other traditional events.

Radical

示

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

99

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Next

Reading

Parts

冫Ice (水)欠Lack

Example Word

次第: procedure or dependence. The Japanese noun '次第 (しだい)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'dependence', indicating that something is contingent upon or determined by another factor. For example: It depends on the weather「天気次第です」(てんきしだいです). The second meaning is 'procedure' or 'order', referring to the sequence or method in which things are done. For example: The meeting will proceed according to the agenda「会議は次第に従って進みます」(かいぎはしだいにしたがってすすみます). The word can also be used as a suffix to indicate that something will happen as soon as a certain condition is met, as in '着き次第 (つきしだい)', meaning 'as soon as I arrive'.

Radical

欠

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

101

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Facing, Yonder

Reading

Parts

丿Katakana no 冋Desert

Example Word

向き: direction. The Japanese noun '向き (むき)' primarily means 'direction'. It refers to the way something is facing or oriented. This word is often used to describe physical directions, such as the orientation of a building or the direction in which something is moving. Additionally, it can be used metaphorically to describe tendencies or suitability. For example: The house faces south「その家は南向きです」(そのいえはみなみむきです). This job is suitable for beginners「この仕事は初心者向きです」(このしごとはしょしんしゃむきです). Note that '向き' can also imply suitability or appropriateness for a particular group or purpose, as seen in the second example.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

103

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Mutual

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 目Eye

Example Word

相手: partner. The Japanese noun '相手 (あいて)' primarily means 'partner' or 'opponent'. It refers to someone you interact with, whether in a cooperative or competitive context. For example: my tennis partner「私のテニスの相手」(わたしのテニスのあいて). He is a strong opponent「彼は強い相手だ」(かれはつよいあいてだ). The word can also imply a sense of mutual engagement, such as in a conversation or relationship. For instance: she is a good listener「彼女は良い聞き手の相手だ」(かのじょはよいききてのあいてだ). Note that the context often determines whether '相手' refers to a partner, opponent, or someone you are interacting with.

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

104

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inside

Reading

Parts

冂Enclosure 人Person

Example Word

室内: indoors. The Japanese noun '室内 (しつない)' refers to the 'inside of a room' or 'indoors'. It is commonly used to describe activities, events, or conditions that take place inside a building or enclosed space. For example: Let's stay indoors「室内にいましょう」(しつないにいましょう). The indoor temperature is comfortable「室内の温度は快適です」(しつないのおんどはかいてきです). This word is often used in contrast to '室外 (しつがい)', which means 'outdoors'. It can also be used in compound words like '室内遊び (しつないあそび)' (indoor play) or '室内温度 (しつないおんど)' (indoor temperature).

Radical

冂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

107

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Voice

Reading

Parts

士Samurai 尸Corpse 丨Stick

Example Word

音声: sound or voice. The Japanese noun '音声 (おんせい)' primarily refers to 'voice' or 'sound'. It is often used in contexts related to audio, speech, or auditory signals. For example, it can describe human voices, recorded audio, or even synthetic sounds. Example sentences: The voice was clear「音声がはっきりしていた」(おんせいがはっきりしていた). The sound quality is good「音声の質が良い」(おんせいのしつがよい). This word is commonly used in technology, media, and everyday conversation to refer to auditory elements.

Radical

士

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

110

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flat

Reading

Parts

干Dry 丷Divide

Example Word

平: flat. The Japanese noun '平 (たいら)' means 'flat'. It is used to describe something that is level, even, or without bumps or curves. This word can refer to physical surfaces, such as a flat table or a flat piece of land, as well as abstract concepts like a calm or even state of mind. For example: the ground is flat「地面は平だ」(じめんはたいらだ). She has a calm and even personality「彼女は平な性格だ」(かのじょはたいらなせいかくだ). Note that '平' can also be used in compound words, such as '平らな道 (たいらなみち)' (flat road).

Radical

干

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

111

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Leaf

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 枼Table

Example Word

落ち葉: fallen leaves. The Japanese noun '落ち葉 (おちば)' refers to 'fallen leaves'. This term is commonly used to describe leaves that have fallen from trees, typically during autumn. It evokes imagery of the changing seasons and is often associated with the beauty of nature. For example: The ground is covered with fallen leaves「地面は落ち葉で覆われている」(じめんはおちばでおおわれている). I walked through the fallen leaves in the park「公園の落ち葉の中を歩いた」(こうえんのおちばのなかをあるいた). The word is often used in poetic or descriptive contexts to emphasize the transient beauty of nature.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

127

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Head

Reading

Parts

豆Beans 𦣻Neck (首)八Eight

Example Word

頭痛: headache. The Japanese noun '頭痛 (ずつう)' means 'headache'. It refers to a pain in the head, often caused by stress, illness, or other factors. This word is commonly used in both medical and everyday contexts. For example: I have a headache「頭痛がする」(ずつうがする). She often gets headaches「彼女はよく頭痛がする」(かのじょはよくずつうがする). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe a troublesome or annoying situation, such as 'this problem is a headache'「この問題は頭痛の種だ」(このもんだいはずつうのたねだ).

Radical

頁

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

129

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Appear, Current

Reading

Parts

王King 見See

Example Word

現: current. The Japanese prefix '現 (げん)' means 'current' or 'present'. It is commonly used to indicate something that is in the present time or currently existing. This prefix is often attached to nouns to form compound words. For example: current situation「現状」(げんじょう), current location「現地」(げんち), current president「現大統領」(げんだいとうりょう). It can also be used in phrases like 'the current state of affairs'「現状の状況」(げんじょうのじょうきょう). The prefix is versatile and widely used in both formal and informal contexts.

Radical

玉

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

131

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Man, Husband

Reading

Parts

人Person 二Two

Example Word

夫人: wife or madam. The Japanese noun '夫人 (ふじん)' has two primary meanings. The first meaning is 'wife', specifically referring to someone's wife, often in a formal or respectful context. For example: the president's wife「大統領の夫人」(だいとうりょうのふじん). The second meaning is 'madam', used as a polite or formal way to address or refer to a woman, particularly one of high status. For example: Madam Tanaka is here「田中夫人がいらっしゃいます」(たなかふじんがいらっしゃいます). This term is often used in formal settings or when showing respect.

Radical

大

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

133

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Whole, All

Reading

Parts

王King 𠆢Person (人)

Example Word

保全: preservation or conservation. The Japanese noun '保全 (ほぜん)' refers to the act of preserving or conserving something, often in the context of maintaining its original state or preventing damage. It is commonly used in fields such as environmental protection, cultural heritage, and infrastructure maintenance. For example: environmental preservation is important「環境保全は大切です」(かんきょうほぜんはたいせつです). The conservation of historical buildings「歴史的建造物の保全」(れきしてきけんぞうぶつのほぜん). This word emphasizes the proactive effort to protect and maintain something valuable.

Radical

入

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

135

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Pull

Reading

Parts

弓Bow 丨Stick

Example Word

取り引き: deal. The Japanese noun '取り引き (とりひき)' refers to a 'deal' or 'transaction'. It is commonly used in business contexts to describe agreements, exchanges, or negotiations between parties. For example: We made a deal with the company「その会社と取り引きをした」(そのかいしゃととりひきをした). The transaction was completed smoothly「取り引きはスムーズに終わった」(とりひきはすむーずにおわった). This word can also imply a sense of mutual benefit or cooperation in the context of business relationships.

Radical

弓

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

138

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Acquire

Reading

Parts

彳Stop 㝵

Example Word

得する: profit. The Japanese verb '得する (とくする)' means 'to profit' or 'to gain an advantage'. It is often used in contexts where someone benefits or gains something advantageous, such as in financial transactions, deals, or situations where one comes out ahead. For example: I profited from the sale「その売買で得した」(そのばいばいでとくした). She gained an advantage by negotiating「彼女は交渉して得した」(かのじょはこうしょうしてとくした). This verb is commonly used in everyday conversations to describe situations where someone benefits or gains something valuable.

Radical

彳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

139

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Laugh

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)禾Cereal

Example Word

笑い: laughter. The Japanese noun '笑い (わらい)' means 'laughter'. It refers to the act or sound of laughing. This word is commonly used in contexts involving humor, joy, or amusement. For example: Her laughter is contagious「彼女の笑いは伝染する」(かのじょのわらいでんせんする). The room was filled with laughter「部屋は笑いでいっぱいだった」(へやはわらいでいっぱいだった). '笑い' can also be used in idiomatic expressions, such as '笑いを取る (わらいをとる)', which means 'to get laughs' or 'to amuse others'.

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

143

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beautiful

Reading

Parts

𦍌Sheep (羊)大Big

Example Word

美術館: art museum. The Japanese noun '美術館 (びじゅつかん)' means 'art museum'. It refers to a facility or institution where works of art, such as paintings, sculptures, and other visual arts, are displayed for public viewing. This word is commonly used when discussing cultural activities, tourism, or education. For example: Let's go to the art museum「美術館に行きましょう」(びじゅつかんにいきましょう). The art museum is closed today「美術館は今日休みです」(びじゅつかんはきょうやすみです). The word is often used in contexts related to appreciating or studying art.

Radical

羊

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

144

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Thick, Fat

Reading

Parts

大Big 丶Dot

Example Word

太夫: actor. The Japanese noun '太夫 (たゆう)' refers to a leading actor in traditional Japanese theater, particularly in Noh or Kabuki. This term is often used to denote a highly skilled and respected performer who takes on principal roles. For example: The actor performed brilliantly「太夫の演技は素晴らしかった」(たゆうのえんぎはすばらしかった). In Kabuki, the leading actor is called '太夫'「歌舞伎では主役を太夫と呼ぶ」(かぶきではしゅやくをたゆうとよぶ). The term carries a sense of prestige and expertise in the performing arts.

Radical

大

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

147

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Against

Reading

Parts

寸Measurement 文Sentence

Example Word

対談: dialogue. The Japanese verbal noun '対談 (たいだん)' refers to a formal or structured conversation, typically between two people, often experts or notable figures, discussing a specific topic. It is commonly used in contexts such as interviews, discussions, or public talks. For example: The dialogue between the two authors was insightful「二人の作家の対談は興味深かった」(ふたりのさっかのたいだんはきょうみぶかかった). They held a dialogue about environmental issues「彼らは環境問題について対談した」(かれらはかんきょうもんだいについてたいだんした). The term emphasizes a two-way exchange of ideas rather than a one-sided conversation.

Radical

寸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

148

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Horse

Reading

Parts

三Three 丨Stick 灬Fire (火)㇉Bent hook

Example Word

馬鹿: fool or idiot. The Japanese adjectival noun '馬鹿 (ばか)' primarily means 'fool' or 'idiot'. It is used to describe someone who is foolish, silly, or lacking in common sense. However, it can also be used in a more affectionate or playful manner among close friends or family. For example: You're such an idiot「あなたは本当に馬鹿だね」(あなたはほんとうにばかだね). Don't be silly「馬鹿なこと言わないで」(ばかなこといわないで). It's important to note that while '馬鹿' can be used humorously, it can also be considered rude or offensive depending on the context and tone of voice.

Radical

馬

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

149

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Trust

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)言Say

Example Word

信用: trust or credit. The Japanese verbal noun '信用 (しんよう)' primarily means 'trust' or 'credit'. It refers to the belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something. It is often used in contexts involving relationships, business, or financial transactions. For example: I trust him「彼を信用しています」(かれをしんようしています). The company has good credit「その会社は信用が良い」(そのかいしゃはしんようがよい). Note that '信用' can also imply credibility or reputation, as in '信用を得る (しんようをえる)' (to gain trust/credibility).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

151

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fall

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 氵Water (水)各Each

Example Word

段落: paragraph. The Japanese noun '段落 (だんらく)' refers to a 'paragraph', a distinct section of a piece of writing, typically dealing with a single theme and indicated by a new line, indentation, or numbering. It is commonly used in both written and spoken Japanese to refer to sections of text. For example: Please read the next paragraph「次の段落を読んでください」(つぎのだんらくをよんでください). This paragraph is difficult to understand「この段落は理解しにくい」(このだんらくはりかいしにくい). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe phases or stages in a process or story.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

152

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Most

Reading

Parts

曰 取Take

Example Word

最新: latest. The Japanese noun '最新 (さいしん)' means 'latest' or 'most recent'. It is used to describe something that is the newest or most up-to-date in its category. This word is often used in contexts related to technology, news, fashion, and other fields where staying current is important. For example: the latest information「最新の情報」(さいしんのじょうほう). The latest model of the car「最新の車のモデル」(さいしんのくるまのモデル). It can also be used to describe trends or developments, as in 'the latest trend'「最新のトレンド」(さいしんのトレンド). Note that '最新' is often used as a noun modifier, such as in '最新技術 (さいしんぎじゅつ)' (latest technology).

Radical

曰

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

154

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Feeling, Emotion

Reading

Parts

忄 青Blue

Example Word

苦情: complaint. The Japanese noun '苦情 (くじょう)' means 'complaint'. It refers to an expression of dissatisfaction or grievance about something. This word is commonly used in formal or serious contexts, such as when someone voices a complaint about a service, product, or situation. For example: The customer filed a complaint「お客様が苦情を申し立てました」(おきゃくさまがくじょうをもうしたてました). There were many complaints about the noise「騒音について多くの苦情がありました」(そうおんについておおくのくじょうがありました). Note that '苦情' is often used in professional or official settings, and it carries a formal tone.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

156

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Attain, Plural

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 羍

Example Word

友達: friend. The Japanese noun '友達 (ともだち)' means 'friend'. It refers to a person whom one knows, likes, and trusts. This word is commonly used in everyday conversation and is neutral in terms of formality. It can be used to describe both close friends and casual acquaintances. For example: I have many friends「友達がたくさんいます」(ともだちがたくさんいます). She is my best friend「彼女は私の親友です」(かのじょはわたしのしんゆうです). Note that '友達' is often used in informal contexts, while '友人 (ゆうじん)' is a more formal alternative.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

160

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Gender, Sex

Reading

Parts

忄 生Life

Example Word

性格: personality. The Japanese noun '性格 (せいかく)' refers to a person's inherent traits, temperament, or personality. It is commonly used to describe someone's nature or behavioral tendencies. For example: She has a cheerful personality「彼女は明るい性格です」(かのじょはあかるいせいかくです). His personality is very serious「彼の性格はとても真面目です」(かれのせいかくはとてもまじめです). This word is neutral and can describe both positive and negative traits. It is often used in conversations about people's characteristics or compatibility.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

162

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Change, Abnormal

Reading

Parts

亦 夂Late

Example Word

変更: change. The Japanese verbal noun '変更 (へんこう)' means 'change' and refers to the act of altering or modifying something. It is commonly used in formal or technical contexts, such as changing plans, schedules, or settings. For example: I made a change to the schedule「スケジュールを変更しました」(すけじゅーるをへんこうしました). Please change the settings「設定を変更してください」(せっていをへんこうしてください). Note that '変更' is often used with the particle 'を' to indicate the object being changed, as in '変更をする (へんこうをする)' (to make a change).

Radical

夂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

163

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Equal

Reading

Parts

⺮Bamboo (竹)寺Temple

Example Word

不平等: inequality. The Japanese adjectival noun '不平等 (ふびょうどう)' means 'inequality'. It is used to describe a state of unfairness or lack of equality, often in social, economic, or legal contexts. For example: There is inequality in the distribution of wealth「富の分配に不平等がある」(とみのぶんぱいにとみのぶんぱいにふびょうどうがある). The law is unequal「その法律は不平等だ」(そのほうりつはふびょうどうだ). This term can also be used to describe unequal treatment or conditions in various situations, such as in relationships or opportunities.

Radical

竹

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

164

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Straight, Repair

Reading

Parts

十Ten 目Eye 𠃊Second (乙)

Example Word

直角: right angle. The Japanese noun '直角 (ちょっかく)' means 'right angle'. It refers to an angle of exactly 90 degrees, commonly found in geometric shapes like squares and rectangles. This term is often used in mathematics, architecture, and everyday contexts when describing angles. For example: The corner of the table forms a right angle「テーブルの角は直角です」(てーぶるのかどはちょっかくです). The triangle has one right angle「その三角形は直角が一つあります」(そのさんかくけいはちょっかくがひとつあります).

Radical

目

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

166

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Law, Method

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)去Past

Example Word

法人: corporation. The Japanese noun '法人 (ほうじん)' refers to a 'corporation' or 'legal entity'. It is used to describe an organization that is recognized by law as a single entity, separate from its members, and has legal rights and responsibilities. This term is commonly used in business and legal contexts. For example: The corporation was established last year「その法人は去年設立されました」(そのほうじんはきょねんせつりつされました). Non-profit organizations are also considered legal entities「非営利団体も法人とみなされます」(ひえいりだんたいもほうじんとみなされます).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

169

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Light

Reading

Parts

⺌Small (小)一One 儿Legs

Example Word

蛍光灯: lamp or fluorescent. The Japanese noun '蛍光灯 (けいこうとう)' refers to a 'fluorescent lamp'. This term is commonly used to describe the type of lighting that uses fluorescence to produce visible light. It is often found in offices, schools, and homes due to its energy efficiency. For example: The fluorescent lamp is bright「蛍光灯が明るい」(けいこうとうがあかるい). I replaced the fluorescent lamp「蛍光灯を交換した」(けいこうとうをこうかんした). Note that while '蛍光灯' specifically refers to fluorescent lamps, it can sometimes be shortened to just '蛍光灯' in casual conversation, but the full term is more precise.

Radical

儿

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

170

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Put in, Crowded

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 入Enter

Example Word

落ち込む: depressed. The Japanese verb '落ち込む (おちこむ)' means 'to feel depressed' or 'to be down'. It is used to describe a state of low spirits or emotional distress, often due to disappointment, failure, or sadness. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as personal feelings, work-related stress, or general life situations. For example: I feel depressed after failing the exam「試験に落ちて落ち込んでいる」(しけんにおちておちこんでいる). He was down after losing his job「彼は仕事を失って落ち込んでいた」(かれはしごとをうしなっておちこんでいた). The verb can also imply a temporary state, suggesting that the person might recover from their low mood.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

174

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Like, Fond

Reading

Parts

女Woman 子Child

Example Word

好意: goodwill. The Japanese noun '好意 (こうい)' means 'goodwill' or 'kindness'. It refers to a feeling of friendliness, benevolence, or positive regard towards someone. This word is often used to describe a person's warm or favorable feelings towards another, such as in a relationship or friendship. For example: She showed me goodwill「彼女は私に好意を示した」(かのじょはわたしにこういをしめした). I appreciate your kindness「あなたの好意に感謝します」(あなたのこういにかんしゃします). Note that '好意' can also imply romantic interest in certain contexts, depending on the situation.

Radical

女

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

177

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Young

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 右Right

Example Word

若しくは: or. The Japanese conjunction '若しくは (もしくは)' means 'or'. It is used to present alternatives or choices, often in formal or legal contexts. This conjunction is typically used to connect two items or clauses, indicating that either one or the other is possible. For example: You can choose tea or coffee「お茶若しくはコーヒーを選べます」(おちゃもしくはコーヒーをえらべます). The meeting will be held on Monday or Tuesday「会議は月曜日若しくは火曜日に開催されます」(かいぎはげつようびもしくはかようびにかいさいされます). Note that '若しくは' is more formal than the more commonly used 'または' or 'か'.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

178

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Differ, Different

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 韋

Example Word

見違える: mistake or fail to recognize. The Japanese verb '見違える (みちがえる)' means 'to mistake' or 'to fail to recognize'. It is used when someone does not recognize or misidentifies something or someone, often due to a significant change in appearance or context. For example: I mistook him for someone else「彼を見違えた」(かれをみちがえた). She failed to recognize her old friend「彼女は昔の友達を見違えた」(かのじょはむかしのともだちをみちがえた). This verb is often used in situations where the change is so drastic that it leads to confusion or misidentification.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

184

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Theory, Argument

Reading

Parts

言Say 侖

Example Word

論じる: discuss. The Japanese verb '論じる (ろんじる)' means 'to discuss' or 'to argue' in a formal or logical manner. It is often used in contexts where a topic is being analyzed, debated, or examined in detail, such as in academic, professional, or intellectual settings. For example: The professor discussed the theory「教授はその理論を論じた」(きょうじゅはそのりろんをろんじた). They argued about the future of the economy「彼らは経済の未来について論じた」(かれらはけいざいのみらいについてろんじた). This verb implies a structured or thoughtful approach to discussion, rather than casual conversation.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

185

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Meadow, Original

Reading

Parts

厂Cliff 泉Spring, Fountain

Example Word

原料: raw material. The Japanese noun '原料 (げんりょう)' refers to 'raw material'. This term is used to describe the basic material from which a product is made. It is commonly used in contexts related to manufacturing, cooking, and production processes. For example: This product is made from natural raw materials「この製品は天然原料から作られています」(このせいひんはてんねんげんりょうからつくられています). The factory imports raw materials from overseas「その工場は海外から原料を輸入しています」(そのこうじょうはかいがいからげんりょうをゆにゅうしています). The word emphasizes the unprocessed or basic state of the material before it is transformed into a finished product.

Radical

厂

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

191

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Flow

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)㐬Newborn

Example Word

一流: top class. The Japanese noun '一流 (いちりゅう)' means 'top class' or 'first-rate'. It is used to describe something or someone that is of the highest quality, rank, or standard in a particular field. For example: He is a top-class chef「彼は一流のシェフです」(かれはいちりゅうのシェフです). This hotel is first-rate「このホテルは一流です」(このホテルはいちりゅうです). The term can be applied to various contexts, such as art, cuisine, education, or professional skills, to denote excellence and superiority.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

192

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Lively

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)舌Tongue

Example Word

活発: lively. The Japanese adjectival noun '活発 (かっぱつ)' means 'lively' or 'active'. It is used to describe someone or something that is full of energy, enthusiasm, or vigor. This word is often used to describe people, animals, or activities that are dynamic and spirited. For example: She is a lively child「彼女は活発な子供です」(かのじょはかっぱつなこどもです). The discussion became lively「議論が活発になった」(ぎろんがかっぱつになった). Note that '活発' is often used in contexts where there is a sense of movement, energy, or engagement.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

193

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Theory, Explanation

Reading

Parts

訁Say (言)兑

Example Word

社説: editorial. The Japanese noun '社説 (しゃせつ)' refers to an 'editorial', which is an article in a newspaper or magazine that expresses the opinions of the editors or the publication itself. It is typically written to provide commentary on current events, social issues, or political matters. For example: The newspaper published an editorial about climate change「新聞は気候変動についての社説を掲載した」(しんぶんはきこうへんどうについてのしゃせつをけいさいした). I read the editorial in today's paper「今日の新聞の社説を読んだ」(きょうのしんぶんのしゃせつをよんだ). The word is commonly used in media and journalism contexts.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

194

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Stone

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 丆Cliff (厂)

Example Word

宝石: gem. The Japanese noun '宝石 (ほうせき)' means 'gem' or 'jewel'. It refers to precious or semi-precious stones that are often used in jewelry or as decorative items. This word is commonly used in contexts related to luxury, beauty, and value. For example: She loves wearing gems「彼女は宝石を身につけるのが好きです」(かのじょはほうせきをみにつけるのがすきです). This necklace has a beautiful gem「このネックレスには美しい宝石がついています」(このネックレスにはうつくしいほうせきがついています). The word can also be used metaphorically to describe something or someone as precious or valuable.

Radical

石

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

197

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Put

Reading

Parts

网 直Straight, Repair

Example Word

配置: arrangement or placement. The Japanese noun '配置 (はいち)' refers to the arrangement or placement of objects, people, or elements in a specific order or position. It is commonly used in contexts such as organizing furniture, positioning items, or assigning roles. For example: the arrangement of the furniture is good「家具の配置が良い」(かぐのはいちがいい). The placement of the employees was carefully planned「社員の配置は慎重に計画された」(しゃいんのはいちはしんちょうにけいかくされた). This word emphasizes the deliberate and strategic nature of arranging or placing something.

Radical

网

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

198

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Return

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 反Anti

Example Word

返還: return or restoration. The Japanese noun '返還 (へんかん)' refers to the act of returning or restoring something to its original owner or place. It is often used in formal or legal contexts, such as the return of territory, property, or rights. For example: The return of the land to its original owner「土地の返還が行われた」(とちのへんかんがおこなわれた). The restoration of cultural artifacts to their country of origin「文化財の返還が決定した」(ぶんかざいのへんかんがけっていした). This term carries a formal tone and is commonly used in diplomatic, legal, or historical discussions.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

199

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Help

Reading

Parts

且Moreover, Also 力Power

Example Word

補助: assistance or subsidy. The Japanese noun '補助 (ほじょ)' can mean 'assistance' or 'subsidy', depending on the context. When referring to 'assistance', it often implies support or help provided to someone or something, such as in a collaborative effort. For example: The government provides assistance to small businesses「政府は中小企業に補助を提供する」(せいふはちゅうしょうきぎょうにほじょをていきょうする). When referring to 'subsidy', it typically involves financial aid or support, often from a government or organization. For example: The project received a subsidy from the local government「そのプロジェクトは地方自治体から補助を受けた」(そのプロジェクトはちほうじちたいからほじょをうけた). The word is commonly used in formal or official contexts.

Radical

力

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

200

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Shape

Reading

Parts

彡Fur 开Open

Example Word

形態: form. The Japanese noun '形態 (けいたい)' refers to the 'form' or 'shape' of something, often in a structural or abstract sense. It is commonly used in contexts related to biology, art, or systems to describe the arrangement or configuration of elements. For example: The form of this sculpture is unique「この彫刻の形態は独特だ」(このちょうこくのけいたいはどくとくだ). The company is changing its organizational structure「会社はその組織形態を変えている」(かいしゃはそのそしきけいたいをかえている). This word can also be used in philosophical or theoretical discussions to describe the nature or essence of something.

Radical

彡

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

201

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Other

Radical Form Of

亻

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)也To be

Example Word

他: other or else. The Japanese noun '他 (た／ほか)' primarily means 'other' or 'else'. It is used to refer to something or someone different from what has been mentioned or is already known. The reading 'た' is more formal and often used in written contexts, while 'ほか' is more common in spoken language. For example: I have other plans「他に予定があります」(ほかによていがあります). Is there anything else?「他に何かありますか？」(ほかになにかありますか？). The word can also be used to indicate additional items or people, as in 'other people'「他の人」(ほかのひと). It's important to note that '他' can sometimes imply exclusion or contrast, depending on the context.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

202

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Command, Life

Reading

Parts

令Orders 口Mouth

Example Word

運命: fate. The Japanese noun '運命 (うんめい)' means 'fate' or 'destiny'. It refers to the predetermined course of events in a person's life, often beyond their control. This word is commonly used in both everyday conversations and literary contexts to express the idea of an inevitable outcome. For example: it was fate that we met「私たちが出会ったのは運命だった」(わたしたちがであったのはうんめいだった). He believes in fate「彼は運命を信じている」(かれはうんめいをしんじている). The word can also carry a sense of inevitability or predestination, often used in philosophical or romantic contexts.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

203

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Become

Reading

Parts

戊

Example Word

成る: become. The Japanese verb '成る (なる)' means 'to become'. It is used to indicate a change in state, condition, or quality. This verb is highly versatile and can be used in various contexts, such as describing natural changes, personal transformations, or the outcome of events. For example: I want to become a teacher「先生になりたい」(せんせいになりたい). The leaves have turned red「葉っぱが赤くなった」(はっぱがあかくなった). It's important to note that 'なる' is often used with adjectives or nouns to describe the resulting state, as in '大きくなる (おおきくなる) (to become big)' or '静かになる (しずかになる) (to become quiet)'.

Radical

戈

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

204

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Concept

Reading

Parts

心Heart 相Mutual

Example Word

可哀想: pitiful. The Japanese adjectival noun '可哀想 (かわいそう)' means 'pitiful' or 'deserving of sympathy'. It is used to express a feeling of pity or compassion towards someone or something in an unfortunate situation. This word is often used when observing someone's suffering, misfortune, or hardship. For example: That stray dog looks pitiful「その野良犬は可哀想だ」(そののらいぬはかわいそうだ). I feel sorry for her「彼女が可哀想だ」(かのじょがかわいそうだ). It can also be used to describe situations or objects that evoke a sense of sadness or sympathy, such as a broken toy or a neglected plant. The nuance is empathetic and often carries a sense of wanting to help or comfort the subject.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

206

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Love

Reading

Parts

心Heart 爪Claw 冖Crown 夂Late

Example Word

可愛がる: dote. The Japanese verb '可愛がる (かわいがる)' means 'to dote on' or 'to treat with affection'. It is used to describe the act of showing love, care, or fondness towards someone or something, often in a nurturing or protective way. This verb is commonly used when referring to how someone treats a child, a pet, or even a close friend. For example: She dotes on her cat「彼女は猫を可愛がる」(かのじょはねこをかわいがる). The teacher dotes on her students「先生は生徒たちを可愛がる」(せんせいはせいとたちをかわいがる). The nuance of this verb often implies a sense of indulgence or pampering, and it is typically used in positive contexts.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

209

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Deal with

Reading

Parts

夂Late 几

Example Word

何処: where. The Japanese pronoun '何処 (どこ)' means 'where'. It is used to ask about the location of something or someone. This pronoun is commonly used in questions to inquire about places or directions. For example: Where is the station?「駅は何処ですか？」(えきはどこですか？). Where did you go?「何処に行きましたか？」(どこにいきましたか？). It can also be used in statements to indicate an unknown or unspecified location, such as 'I don't know where it is'「何処にあるか分からない」(どこにあるかわからない). The word '何処' is often written in hiragana as 'どこ' in modern Japanese, but the kanji form is still used in formal or literary contexts.

Radical

几

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

212

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Solve, Untie

Reading

Parts

角Corner, Angle 刀Sword 牛Cow

Example Word

解く: solve or untie. The Japanese verb '解く (とく)' has two primary meanings. The first is 'to solve', as in solving a problem or puzzle. For example: I solved the math problem「数学の問題を解いた」(すうがくのもんだいをといた). The second meaning is 'to untie', as in untying a knot or untying something that is bound. For example: He untied the rope「彼はロープを解いた」(かれはロープをといた). The verb can also be used metaphorically, such as untying a mystery or solving a riddle. The context will usually make it clear which meaning is intended.

Radical

角

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

213

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Usual, Normal

Reading

Parts

尚Still, Esteem 巾Towel

Example Word

非常: emergency. The Japanese adjectival noun '非常 (ひじょう)' primarily means 'emergency'. It is often used in contexts related to urgent or critical situations. For example: emergency exit「非常口」(ひじょうぐち). This word can also be used to describe something as 'extraordinary' or 'unusual', but this usage is less common. For example: extraordinary measures「非常手段」(ひじょうしゅだん). It's important to note that '非常' is often used in formal or official contexts, such as in signs or announcements.

Radical

巾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

214

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Barrier, Related

Reading

Parts

門Gate 关Close

Example Word

関する: relate. The Japanese verb '関する (かんする)' means 'to relate to' or 'to concern'. It is used to indicate a connection or relevance between two things. This verb is often used in formal or written contexts. For example: This document relates to the new policy「この文書は新しい方針に関する」(このぶんしょはあたらしいほうしんにかんする). The discussion concerns environmental issues「その議論は環境問題に関する」(そのぎろんはかんきょうもんだいにかんする). Note that '関する' is typically followed by the particle 'に' to indicate the subject of relation.

Radical

門

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

215

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Important, Need

Reading

Parts

覀 女Woman

Example Word

主要: main or principal. The Japanese adjectival noun '主要 (しゅよう)' means 'main' or 'principal'. It is used to describe something that is of primary importance or the most significant part of a whole. This term is often used in formal or academic contexts to highlight key elements or components. For example: the main reason「主要な理由」(しゅようなりゆう). The principal cities in Japan「日本の主要な都市」(にほんのしゅようなとし). It is important to note that '主要' is typically followed by the particle 'な' when modifying a noun, as in '主要な問題 (しゅようなもんだい) (main problem)'.

Radical

西

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

220

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Report

Reading

Parts

日Day, Sun 丨Stick

Example Word

申し訳ない: apologetic. The Japanese adjective '申し訳ない (もうしわけない)' means 'apologetic' or 'feeling deeply sorry'. It is used to express sincere regret or apology, often in formal or serious situations. This phrase conveys a strong sense of responsibility and remorse. For example: I am deeply sorry for the inconvenience「ご迷惑をおかけして申し訳ありません」(ごめいわくをおかけしてもうしわけありません). I feel terrible for being late「遅れてしまって申し訳ない」(おくれてしまってもうしわけない). The phrase is often used in polite or formal contexts, and it can be intensified by adding 'ございません' (e.g., '申し訳ございません') to make it even more respectful.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

221

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Exceed, Error

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 咼

Example Word

過ぎ: excess. The Japanese suffix '過ぎ (すぎ)' is used to indicate that something is excessive or has gone beyond a certain limit. It is often attached to the stem of verbs or adjectives to convey this meaning. For example: he ate too much「彼は食べ過ぎた」(かれはたべすぎた). This coffee is too sweet「このコーヒーは甘すぎる」(このコーヒーはあますぎる). The suffix can also be used with nouns to indicate that something is too much of a particular thing, as in '働き過ぎ (はたらきすぎ) (overworking)'. It's important to note that '過ぎ' can also be used as a standalone noun meaning 'excess' or 'surplus', but this usage is less common.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

223

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Beginning, First

Reading

Parts

衤 刀Sword

Example Word

初歩: basics. The Japanese noun '初歩 (しょほ)' refers to the 'basics' or 'rudimentary knowledge' of a subject. It is often used to describe the foundational or introductory level of learning something. For example: I am learning the basics of Japanese「私は日本語の初歩を学んでいます」(わたしはにほんごのしょほをまなんでいます). This book covers the basics of programming「この本はプログラミングの初歩をカバーしています」(このほんはプログラミングのしょほをカバーしています). The term emphasizes the starting point of acquiring knowledge or skills.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

226

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Fly

Reading

Parts

升Sho, Measuring box

Example Word

飛行: flight. The Japanese verbal noun '飛行 (ひこう)' means 'flight'. It refers to the act or process of flying, typically by an aircraft, bird, or other flying object. This term is commonly used in contexts related to aviation, travel, or nature. For example: The flight was smooth「飛行はスムーズでした」(ひこうはスムーズでした). Birds are capable of flight「鳥は飛行ができる」(とりはひこうができる). It can also be used in compound words, such as '飛行機 (ひこうき)' (airplane) or '宇宙飛行 (うちゅうひこう)' (spaceflight).

Radical

飛

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

229

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Suffer

Reading

Parts

艹Grass 古Old

Example Word

苦い: bitter. The Japanese adjective '苦い (にがい)' means 'bitter'. It is primarily used to describe a taste that is sharp, acrid, or unpleasant, often associated with certain foods, drinks, or medicines. For example: this medicine is bitter「この薬は苦い」(このくすりはにがい). The coffee tastes bitter「コーヒーが苦い」(コーヒーがにがい). Additionally, '苦い' can be used metaphorically to describe experiences or memories that are unpleasant or difficult, such as a bitter experience「苦い経験」(にがいけいけん). This adjective is commonly used in both literal and figurative contexts.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

230

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Number

Reading

Parts

攵Strike 米Rice 女Woman

Example Word

数十: dozens. The Japanese noun '数十 (すうじゅう)' means 'dozens' and is used to indicate an approximate quantity ranging from around 20 to 99. It is often used when the exact number is unknown or unimportant, but the speaker wants to convey a general sense of magnitude. For example: dozens of people attended the event「数十人がイベントに参加した」(すうじゅうにんがイベントにさんかした). There are dozens of books on the shelf「本棚には数十冊の本がある」(ほんだなにはすうじゅうさつのほんがある). Note that '数十' is a somewhat formal term and is commonly used in written or formal spoken contexts.

Radical

攴

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

235

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Change

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)匕Spoon

Example Word

強化: strengthening or enhancement. The Japanese verbal noun '強化 (きょうか)' refers to the act of making something stronger or more effective. It is commonly used in contexts such as improving systems, skills, or materials. For example: The company is strengthening its security measures「会社はセキュリティを強化しています」(かいしゃはセキュリティをきょうかしています). We need to enhance our skills「私たちはスキルを強化する必要があります」(わたしたちはスキルをきょうかするひつようがあります). This term is often used in both technical and everyday contexts to describe the process of making improvements or increasing capabilities.

Radical

匕

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

236

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Determine

Reading

Parts

宀Roof 正Correct

Example Word

想定: assumption. The Japanese noun '想定 (そうてい)' means 'assumption' or 'supposition'. It refers to a scenario or condition that is assumed or hypothesized for the purpose of planning, analysis, or discussion. This word is often used in contexts like business, disaster preparedness, or strategic planning. For example: We need to consider all possible assumptions「すべての想定を考慮する必要がある」(すべてのそうていをこうりょするひつようがある). The assumption of a natural disaster is crucial for emergency planning「自然災害の想定は緊急計画に重要だ」(しぜんさいがいのそうていはきんきゅうけいかくにじゅうようだ).

Radical

宀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

237

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Accompany, Offer

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)共Together

Example Word

供える: offer. The Japanese verb '供える (そなえる)' means 'to offer' or 'to present'. It is commonly used in the context of offering something, often in a religious or ceremonial setting, such as offering food, flowers, or other items to deities, spirits, or ancestors. For example: They offered flowers to the altar「彼らは祭壇に花を供えた」(かれらはさいだんにはなをそなえた). We offered rice to the gods「私たちは神々に米を供えた」(わたしたちはかみがみにこめをそなえた). The verb carries a respectful and formal tone, often implying a sense of reverence or ritual.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

239

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Old, Aged

Reading

Parts

耂Old (老)匕Spoon

Example Word

老: old. The Japanese prefix '老 (ろう)' means 'old' and is used to indicate age or seniority. It is often attached to nouns to describe something or someone as being old or elderly. For example: old man「老人」(ろうじん). old age「老年」(ろうねん). This prefix is commonly used in formal or respectful contexts to refer to elderly people or things that have aged. It carries a nuance of respect and experience, especially when referring to people.

Radical

老

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

242

Radical Form

耂

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

People, Nation

Reading

Parts

氏Family name

Example Word

人民: people. The Japanese noun '人民 (じんみん)' refers to 'the people' or 'the populace' in a general sense, often used in political or social contexts. It emphasizes the collective group of individuals within a society or nation. This term is commonly used in formal or historical contexts, such as discussing the rights, struggles, or governance of a population. For example: The people rose up against the government「人民が政府に対して立ち上がった」(じんみんがせいふにたいしてたちあがった). The welfare of the people is important「人民の福祉は重要だ」(じんみんのふくしはじゅうようだ). Note that this term can carry a slightly formal or ideological tone, often seen in political discourse or historical texts.

Radical

氏

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

243

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Be, Exist

Reading

Example Word

滞在: stay. The Japanese verbal noun '滞在 (たいざい)' means 'stay'. It refers to the act of staying or residing in a place temporarily, such as during a trip, vacation, or visit. It is commonly used in contexts related to travel, lodging, or temporary residence. For example: I will stay in Tokyo for three days「東京に三日間滞在します」(とうきょうにみっかかんたいざいします). His stay in Japan was very enjoyable「彼の日本での滞在はとても楽しかった」(かれのにほんでのたいざいはとてもたのしかった). The word is often paired with verbs like する (to do) or する予定 (plan to do) to indicate the act of staying.

Radical

土

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

245

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Record

Reading

Parts

己Oneself 言Say

Example Word

記事: article. The Japanese noun '記事 (きじ)' refers to an 'article', typically in the context of written content found in newspapers, magazines, or online publications. It is used to describe a piece of writing that provides information, news, or commentary on a specific topic. For example: I read an interesting article「面白い記事を読みました」(おもしろいきじをよみました). This article is about technology「この記事はテクノロジーについてです」(このきじはてくのろじーについてです). The word can also be used more broadly to refer to any written record or report, but it is most commonly associated with journalistic or informational content.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

246

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Deep

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)罙Deep

Example Word

深まる: deepen. The Japanese verb '深まる (ふかまる)' means 'to deepen'. It is used to describe a situation, feeling, or relationship becoming more intense, profound, or serious. This verb is often used in contexts where emotions, understanding, or connections grow stronger over time. For example: Their relationship deepened「彼らの関係は深まった」(かれらのかんけいはふかまった). The mystery deepened「謎が深まった」(なぞがふかまった). It can also be used in a more literal sense, such as when describing the deepening of a color or a physical depth, though this is less common. For example: The color of the sky deepened「空の色が深まった」(そらのいろがふかまった).

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

248

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Grass

Reading

Parts

早Early, Fast 艹Grass

Example Word

ほうれん草: spinach. The Japanese noun 'ほうれん草 (ほうれんそう)' refers to 'spinach', a leafy green vegetable commonly used in cooking. It is a staple in many Japanese dishes, such as salads, soups, and side dishes. For example: I bought spinach at the market「ほうれん草を市場で買いました」(ほうれんそうをいちばでかいました). Spinach is rich in iron「ほうれん草は鉄分が豊富です」(ほうれんそうはてつぶんがほうふです). This word is often used in everyday conversation, especially when discussing food or recipes.

Radical

艸

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

250

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Surface, Express

Reading

Parts

𧘇Garment (衣)龶Life (生)

Example Word

代表: representation or delegate. The Japanese verbal noun '代表 (だいひょう)' can mean 'representation' or 'delegate'. As 'representation', it refers to the act of speaking or acting on behalf of someone or something. As 'delegate', it refers to a person chosen or appointed to represent others. Example sentences: He is the representative of our company「彼は私たちの会社の代表です」(かれはわたしたちのかいしゃのだいひょうです). This painting is a representation of peace「この絵は平和の代表です」(このえはへいわのだいひょうです). The nuance here is that '代表' can refer to both the concept of representation and the person who represents, depending on context.

Radical

衣

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

251

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Attach

Reading

Parts

亻Person (人)寸Measurement

Example Word

傷付く: hurt. The Japanese verb '傷付く (きずつく)' means 'to get hurt' or 'to be injured'. This verb can refer to both physical injuries and emotional pain. It is often used to describe situations where someone's feelings are hurt or when someone sustains a physical wound. For example: She was hurt by his words「彼女は彼の言葉で傷付いた」(かのじょはかれのことばできずついた). The child got hurt while playing「子供は遊んでいて傷付いた」(こどもはあそんでいてきずついた). The verb can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when one's pride or reputation is damaged.

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

252

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Decide

Reading

Parts

氵Water (水)夬Decide

Example Word

決まり: rule or settlement. The Japanese noun '決まり (きまり)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'rule', referring to a prescribed guideline or regulation that must be followed. For example: follow the rules「決まりを守る」(きまりをまもる). The second meaning is 'settlement', referring to the resolution or conclusion of a matter. For example: the settlement of the dispute「争いの決まり」(あらそいのきまり). The word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts, and its meaning depends on the situation. When used as 'rule', it often implies something established and expected to be followed, while as 'settlement', it refers to the finalization of an issue or agreement.

Radical

水

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

253

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Invite, Call

Reading

Parts

口Mouth 乎

Example Word

呼び掛ける: callout. The Japanese verb '呼び掛ける (よびかける)' primarily means 'to call out' or 'to appeal to someone'. It is often used when addressing a group of people or making a public appeal. This verb can also imply a sense of urgency or importance in the call. For example: The teacher called out to the students「先生は生徒に呼び掛けた」(せんせいはせいとによびかけた). The politician appealed to the citizens for support「政治家は市民に支援を呼び掛けた」(せいじかはしみんにしえんをよびかけた). The nuance of this verb often involves reaching out to others, whether for attention, help, or action.

Radical

口

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

256

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Far

Reading

Parts

⻌Walk 吉Lucky, Good luck 衣Clothes

Example Word

遠足: excursion. The Japanese noun '遠足 (えんそく)' refers to a school trip or excursion, typically involving students going to a place of interest, such as a park, museum, or historical site. It is often organized by schools as a recreational or educational activity. For example: We went on an excursion to the zoo「私たちは動物園に遠足に行きました」(わたしたちはどうぶつえんにえんそくにいきました). The students enjoyed the excursion to the mountains「生徒たちは山への遠足を楽しみました」(せいとたちはやまへのえんそくをたのしみました). This word is commonly used in the context of school activities and is associated with group outings.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

257

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Hit

Reading

Parts

扌Hand (手)丁Street

Example Word

打ち上げる: celebrate or launch. The Japanese verb '打ち上げる (うちあげる)' has two distinct meanings. The first meaning is 'to launch', often used in the context of launching rockets, satellites, or other objects into space. For example: The rocket was launched「ロケットが打ち上げられた」(ロケットがうちあげられた). The second meaning is 'to celebrate', typically used when marking the successful completion of a project or event. For example: We celebrated the end of the project「プロジェクトの終わりを打ち上げた」(プロジェクトのおわりをうちあげた). The verb can also be used in a more general sense to describe throwing something upwards, but this usage is less common. The context usually makes it clear which meaning is intended.

Radical

手

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

260

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Profit, Advantage

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 刂Sword (刀)

Example Word

利子: interest. The Japanese noun '利子 (りし)' refers to 'interest', specifically the interest accrued on money, such as in savings accounts or loans. It is a financial term used in contexts involving banking, investments, or borrowing. For example: The interest on this loan is high「このローンの利子は高い」(このローンのりしはたかい). I earned interest from my savings「貯金から利子をもらった」(ちょきんからりしをもらった). Note that '利子' is often used interchangeably with '利息 (りそく)', though '利子' is more commonly used in everyday conversation.

Radical

刀

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

262

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Inevitable, Certain

Reading

Parts

心Heart 丿Katakana no

Example Word

必ず: always or without fail. The Japanese adverb '必ず (かならず)' conveys a sense of certainty or inevitability. It is used to express that something will definitely happen or is guaranteed to occur. This word is often used in promises, instructions, or when emphasizing the certainty of an outcome. For example: I will always help you「必ずあなたを助けます」(かならずあなたをたすけます). The train will arrive on time without fail「電車は必ず時間通りに来ます」(でんしゃはかならずじかんどおりにきます). Note that '必ず' is stronger than 'いつも (always)' and implies a guarantee rather than a general tendency.

Radical

心

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

264

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kill

Reading

Parts

殳Pike 木Tree, Wood

Example Word

殺害: killing. The Japanese noun '殺害 (さつがい)' refers to the act of killing, typically in the context of murder or homicide. It is a formal term often used in legal, news, or serious discussions. For example: The suspect was arrested for the killing of a businessman「容疑者はビジネスマンの殺害で逮捕された」(ようぎしゃはビジネスマンのさつがいでたいほされた). The police are investigating the killing「警察は殺害を調査している」(けいさつはさつがいをちょうさしている). This term carries a heavy and serious connotation, so it is not used in casual conversation.

Radical

殳

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

265

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Machine, Opportunity

Reading

Parts

木Tree, Wood 幾Some, How many

Example Word

掃除機: vacuum. The Japanese noun '掃除機 (そうじき)' refers to a 'vacuum cleaner', a device used for cleaning floors and surfaces by suction. It is commonly used in households and workplaces. Example sentences: I bought a new vacuum「新しい掃除機を買いました」(あたらしいそうじきをかいました). Please use the vacuum to clean the room「部屋を掃除するために掃除機を使ってください」(へやをそうじするためにそうじきをつかってください). The word is a combination of '掃除 (そうじ)', meaning 'cleaning', and '機 (き)', meaning 'machine'.

Radical

木

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

269

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Remember, Awake

Reading

Parts

見See

Example Word

感覚: sense or sensation. The Japanese noun '感覚 (かんかく)' refers to the physical or mental perception of stimuli, often translated as 'sensation' or 'sense'. It can describe the physical senses (touch, taste, smell, etc.) or a more abstract sense of understanding or intuition. For example: I lost sensation in my hand「手の感覚がなくなった」(てのかんかくがなくなった). He has a good sense of direction「彼は方向感覚が優れている」(かれはほうこうかんかくがすぐれている). The word is also used in contexts like 'a sense of beauty' (美の感覚, びのかんかく) or 'a sense of danger' (危険の感覚, きけんのかんかく).

Radical

見

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

270

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Excess

Reading

Parts

亼 朩

Example Word

余る: remain. The Japanese verb '余る (あまる)' means 'to remain' or 'to be left over'. It is used to describe a situation where there is more of something than needed, resulting in a surplus. This verb can be used in various contexts, such as food, time, or resources. For example: There is food left over「食べ物が余っている」(たべものがあまっている). We have extra time「時間が余っている」(じかんがあまっている). It can also be used in a more abstract sense, such as when describing emotions or situations that exceed expectations. For instance: Her kindness is more than I can handle「彼女の優しさには余るほどだ」(かのじょのやさしさにはあまるほどだ).

Radical

人

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

273

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Investigate, Tune

Reading

Parts

言Say 周Circumference

Example Word

順調: smooth. The Japanese adjectival noun '順調 (じゅんちょう)' means 'smooth' or 'favorable'. It is used to describe a situation, process, or condition that is progressing well without any problems. It often implies that things are going according to plan or as expected. For example: The project is going smoothly「プロジェクトは順調に進んでいます」(ぷろじぇくとはじゅんちょうにすすんでいます). Her recovery is going well「彼女の回復は順調です」(かのじょのかいふくはじゅんちょうです). This word is commonly used in both formal and informal contexts to describe positive progress.

Radical

言

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

274

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Reason

Reading

Parts

十Ten 口Mouth

Example Word

不自由: discomfort. The Japanese verbal noun '不自由 (ふじゆう)' primarily means 'discomfort' or 'inconvenience'. It refers to a state of being unable to do something freely or comfortably, often due to physical, mental, or situational constraints. This word is commonly used to describe a lack of freedom or difficulty in performing actions. For example: He feels discomfort due to his injury「彼はけがで不自由を感じている」(かれはけがでふじゆうをかんじている). Living without electricity is inconvenient「電気がない生活は不自由だ」(でんきがないせいかつはふじゆうだ). The word can also imply a sense of dependency or limitation, such as in the phrase '不自由な体 (ふじゆうなからだ)', meaning 'a body with disabilities'.

Radical

田

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

278

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Take along

Reading

Parts

辶Walk 車Car

Example Word

連れ: companion. The Japanese noun '連れ (つれ)' refers to a companion or someone who accompanies another person. It is often used to describe someone you are with, such as a friend, family member, or partner, in a specific context or situation. For example: She came with her companion「彼女は連れと来た」(かのじょはつれときた). I went to the park with my companion「私は連れと公園に行った」(わたしはつれとこうえんにいった). The word can also imply a sense of togetherness or shared experience. It is commonly used in casual and formal settings alike.

Radical

辵

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

279

Handwriting

kanji

Meaning

Kind, Variety

Reading

Parts

禾Cereal 重Heavy

Example Word

人種: race. The Japanese noun '人種 (じんしゅ)' refers to 'race' in the context of human categorization based on physical characteristics, ancestry, or genetics. It is often used in discussions about ethnicity, diversity, or social issues. For example: Race is not a basis for discrimination「人種は差別の理由ではありません」(じんしゅはさべつのりゆうではありません). The study of human races is complex「人種の研究は複雑です」(じんしゅのけんきゅうはふくざつです). This term is neutral but should be used carefully, as it can be sensitive in certain contexts.

Radical

禾

Stroke Count

JLPT

Grade

Frequency

280

Handwriting